Gauged Q-balls
Classical non-topological soliton configurations are considered within the theory of a complex scalar field with a gauged U symmetry. Their existence and stability against dispersion are demonstrated and some of their properties are investigated analytically and numerically. The soliton configuration is such that inside the soliton the local U symmetry is broken, the gauge field becomes massive and for a range of values of the coupling constants the soliton becomes a superconductor pushing the charge to the surface. Furthermore, because of the repulsive Coulomb force, there is a maximum size for these objects, making impossible the existence of Q-matter in bulk form. Also briefly discussed are solitons with fermions in a U gauge theory. Lee, Kimyeong and Stein-Schabes, Jaime A. and Watkins, Richard and Widrow, Lawrence M. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-183369, NAS 1.26:183369, FERMILAB-PUB-88/139-A GAUGE THEORY; SCALARS; SOLITARY WAVES; SYMMETRY; TOPOLOGY; COULOMB POTENTIAL; FERMIONS; SUPERCONDUCTORS (MATERIALS); THEORETICAL PHYSICS