Kristolojia

Question: Je,kuna tawi ngapi ya teolojia?




Kristolojia (kutoka maneno ya Kigiriki Χριστός, Khristós, Kristo na λογία, logia, elimu) ni tawi la fani ya teolojia linalochunguza hasa imani ya Kanisa kuhusu nafsi na hali za Yesu Kristo kwa kutegemea kwanza Injili na vitabu vingine vya Agano Jipya, lakini pia mapokeo ya Mitume yanavyojitokeza katika mitaguso ya kiekumeni na maandishi ya mababu wa Kanisa.[2]
Wakatoliki wanatia maanani pia mafundisho mengine ya ualimu wa Kanisa, hasa mitaguso mikuu na matamko ya Mapapa.[3]
Jambo la msingi katika utafiti huo ni uhusiano wa Kristo kama Mwana wa Mungu na Mungu Baba katika umoja wa Roho Mtakatifu. Halafu Kristolojia inachunguza maisha na utume wa Yesu, ili kuelewa zaidi ubinadamu wake na nafasi yake kama Mwokozi wa watu wote.[4]
Wataalamu wa Kanisa Katoliki, lakini pia Waorthodoksi na wengineo, wanaona Mariolojia ni sehemu muhimu ya Kristolojia,[5] kwa kuwa Maria anachangia kufanya Yesu aeleweke kikamilifu zaidi.[6][7] na "Ni lazima kurudi kwa Maria, tukitaka kurudia ukweli wa Yesu Kristo"[8].
Historia ya Kristolojia
Mtume Paulo alisisitiza uwepo wa Kristo kabla hajazaliwa na mwanamke (Bikira Maria) na heshima anayostahili kama Bwana (kwa Kigiriki Kyrios, jina lililotumika kutafsiria lile la YHWH, maalumu kwa Mungu wa Israeli).[9]
Baada ya wakati wa Mitume wa Yesu kupita, teolojia ilistawi katika shule mbalimbali, hasa za Aleksandria na Antiokia. Kristolojia ilikuwa sehemu muhimu ya ustawi huo lakini pia ya mabishano yaliyochanganyikana na masuala ya kisiasa zaidi. 
Mitaguso ya kiekumeni ilipaswa yote kujadili suala hilo ili kurudisha amani katika Kanisa na katika dola la Roma.[10][10] Maamuzi yake yanashikiliwa hadi leo kwa imani na madhehebu karibu yote ya Ukristo[10]ingawa mengi yalijitenga, hasa Makanisa ya Kiorthodoksi ya Mashariki.[10]
Katika karne ya 13, Thomas Aquinas alikuwa wa kwanza kujaribu kukabili masuala yote ya Kristolojia ili kuifundisha kikamilifu.[11][12][13][14]
Karne za Kati huko Ulaya magharibi zilitokeza sura tamu ya Yesu kama rafiki anayeleta faraja moyoni.[15]
Tanbihi


Marejeo

Chilton, Bruce. “The Son of Man: Who Was He?” Bible Review. August 1996, 35+.
Cullmann, Oscar. The Christology of the New Testament. trans. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1980. ISBN 0-664-24351-7
Fuller, Reginald H. The Foundations of New Testament Christology. New York: Scribners, 1965. ISBN 0-684-15532-X
Greene, Colin J.D. Christology in Cultural Perspective: Marking Out the Horizons. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 2004. ISBN 0-8028-2792-6
Kingsbury, Jack Dean. The Christology of Mark's Gospel. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1989.
Letham, Robert. The Work of Christ. Contours of Christian Theology. Downer Grove: IVP, 1993, ISBN 0-8308-1532-5
Hodgson, Peter C.  Winds of the Spirit: A Constructive Christian Theology. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1994.
MacLeod, Donald. The Person Of Christ: Contours of Christian Theology. Downer Grove: IVP. 1998, ISBN 0-8308-1537-6
Wolfhart Pannenberg, Systematic Theology, Vol.2.
Rausch, Thomas P. Who is Jesus?: An Introduction to Christology (Michael Glazier Books)]. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 2003 ISBN 0-8146-5078-3
Schwarz, Hans. Christology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 1998. ISBN 0-8028-4463-4

Marejeo mengine

Berkhof, Louis. The History of Christian Doctrine. Carlisle: Banner of Truth, 1996. ISBN 0-85151-005-1
Bonino, Jose Miquez. Faces of Jesus: Latin American Christologies. Eugene: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2002. ISBN 1-59244-097-5
Brana, Fernando Ocariz. The Mystery of Jesus Christ: A Christology and SoteriologyTextbook. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1994. ISBN 1-85182-127-9
Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to New Testament Christology. Mahwah: Paulist Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8091-3516-7
Brummer, Vincent. Atonement, Christology and the Trinity: Making Sense of Christian Doctrine. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2005. ISBN 0-7546-5230-0
Casey, Michael. Fully Human, Fully Divine: And Interactive Christology. Liquori: Liguori Publications, 2004. ISBN 0-7648-1149-5
Chemnitz, Martin. The Two Natures in Christ. trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1970. ISBN 0-570-03210-5
Dunn, James D.G. Christology in the Making: A New Testament Inquiry into the Origins of the Doctrine of the Incarnation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 1996. ISBN 0-8028-4257-7
Dupuis, Jacques. Who Do You Say I Am?: Introduction to Christology. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1994. ISBN 0-88344-940-4
Dyson, A. O. Who Is Jesus? in series, S.C.M. Centrebooks [sic]. London: S.C.M. Press, 1969. SBN 334-01786-8-6
Fruchtenbaum, Arnold. Messianic Christology. San Antonio: Ariel Ministries, 1998. ISBN 0-914863-07-X
Fuller, Reginald Horace. The Foundations of New Testament Christology. Cambridge: James Clarke, 2003. ISBN 978-0-227-17075-5
Gathercole, Simon J. The Pre-existent Son: Recovering the Christologies of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 2006. ISBN 0-8028-2901-5
Grillmeier, Aloys. . Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1994. ISBN 0-664-22301-X
Guardini, R., The Lord, Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 1954, 1996. ISBN 978-0-89526-714-6
Haight, Roger. The Future of Christology. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005. ISBN 0-8264-1764-7
Hatzidakis, Emmanuel.  Jesus: Fallen? The Human Nature of Christ Examined from an Eastern Orthodox Perspective. Clearwater: Orthodox Witness, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9778970-5-6
Hengstenberg, E. W. Christology of the Old Testament. Reprint ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Kregel Publications, 1970. 715 p. N.B.: On verso of t.p.: "[A]n abridgement by Thomas Kerchever Arnold of the translation [of the author's work] from the German of Dr. Reuel Keith. Reproduced from the ... Rivington edition, London, 1847."
Hick, John. The Metaphor of God Incarnate: Christology in a Pluralistic Age. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2006. ISBN 0-664-23037-7
Johnson, Elizabeth. Consider Jesus: Waves of Renewal in Christology. New York: Herder & Herder, 1992. ISBN 0-8245-1161-1
Karkkainen, Veli-Matti. Christology: A Global Introduction. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2003. ISBN 0-8010-2621-0
Kraus, C. Norman. Jesus Christ Our Lord: Christology from a Disciple’s Perspective. Eugene: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2004. ISBN 1-59244-789-9
Marchesi S.J., Giovanni. Gesu di Nazaret:Chi Sei? Lineamenti di cristologia. San Paolo Edizioni. 2004. ISBN 88-215-5218-7
Matera, Frank J. New Testament Christology. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1999. ISBN 0-664-25694-5
Meier, John P. A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus, New York: Anchor Doubleday,
v. 1, The Roots of the Problem and the Person, 1991. ISBN 0-385-26425-9
v. 2, Mentor, Message, and Miracles, 1994. ISBN 0-385-46992-6
Moule, C.F.D. The Origin of Christology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978. ISBN 0-521-29363-4
McIntyre, John. The shape of christology: studies in the doctrine of the person of Christ 2nd edn, Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1998; 1st edn, London: SCM, 1966.
Neuman, Matthias and Thomas P. Walters. Christology: True God, True Man (Catholic Basics). Chicago: Loyola Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8294-1719-2
Neville, Robert Cummings. Symbols of Jesus: A Christology of Symbolic Engagement. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-521-00353-9
Newlands, George M. God in Christian Perspective. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1994. ISBN 0-567-29259-2
Norris, Richard A. and William G. Rusch. The Christological Controversy. Sources of Early Christian Thought Series. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1980. ISBN 0-8006-1411-9
O'Collins, Gerald. Christology: A Biblical, Historical, and Systematic Study of Jesus Christ. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-19-875502-3
Outler, Albert C. Christology. Bristol House, 1996. ISBN 1-885224-08-7
Ratzinger, Cardinal Joseph. Introduction to Christianity. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1969. ISBN I586170295
Scaer, David P. Christology Confessional Lutheran Dogmatics Vol. VI. Northville: The Luther Academy, 1989. ISBN 0-9622791-6-1
Skurja, Katie. Living in the Intersection.  Imago Dei Ministries, Portland, OR. (1/06), pp.82.
Sobrino, Jon. Christology at the Crossroads. Eugene: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2002. ISBN 1-59244-095-9
Torrance, Iain R. Christology After Chalcedon. Eugene: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 1998. ISBN 1-57910-110-0
Witherington, Ben. The Christology of Jesus. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress Publishers, 1997. ISBN 0-8006-3108-0
Battle, Donald E. "Jesus Christ Study Bible" JCSB Bible: Pleasant Word Publishers, 2009. ISBN 1-4141-1372-2

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Jamii:Ukristo