kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Karachi-Bela Division

Karachi-Bela Division (Urdu:khrchy-bl) was a former Administrative division of Pakistan. It used to be part of the Karachi District and Las Bela (princely state).
Wittgenstein (disambiguation)

Wittgenstein may refer to:
Place names
Kreis Wittgenstein, a former district in North Rhine-Westphalia, now incorporated into Kreis Siegen-Wittgenstein
Wittgenstein Castle, near Bad Laasphe
Haus Wittgenstein, a building in Vienna
Surnames
Karl Wittgenstein, Austrian entrepreneur, father of:
Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher; and
Paul Wittgenstein, pianist
Heinrich von Wittgenstein, German entrepreneur and politician
Members of the German noble family Sayn-Wittgenstein
Heinrich Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, World War II German flying ace
Prince Peter Wittgenstein, Russian Field Marshal
Ludwig zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, Russian aristocrat
Botho Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein, German politician
Casimir Graf zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, German politician
Princess (Furstin) Carolyne von Sayn-Wittgenstein (Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, or Marie zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) (1819-1887), Russian nobility, Franz Liszt's mistress and patron, and a close friend of Berlioz (She is not Marie Catherine Sophie de Flavigny, Comtesse (Grafin) Marie d'Agoult, known by her pen name, "Daniel Stern")
Surnames
Warsaw Stock Exchange

The Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), () is a stock exchange in Warsaw, Poland. It has a market capitalisation of PLN 1.05 trillion (EUR 232 billion; as of December 23, 2020).
Rouans

Rouans is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Eliza Bennett

Eliza Bennett (born 17 March 1992) is an English actress and singer. She has acted in many movies and television programs. She played Tora in Nanny McPhee in 2005. She also starred as Meggie Folchart in the movie Inkheart. Bennett was born in Reading, Berkshire in England.
John Dingell

John David "Johnny" Dingell, Jr. (July 8, 1926 - February 7, 2019) was an American politician. He served in the United States House of Representatives from December 13, 1955 to January 3, 2015. He is the longest-serving member of Congress. He was the longest ever to serve exclusively in the House.
Dingell was born on July 8, 1926 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. He served in the military during World War II. He is the last member of Congress to have been a veteran of World War II, the other is Ralph Hall. Hall also left Congress in 2015. He studied at Georgetown University. Dingell and his wife, Deborah, had a son named Christopher.
Dingell announced on February 24, 2014 that he would not seek re-election to a 30th term in Congress. His wife announced to run for his congressional seat and won the election in November 4, 2014. His spouse was the first to replace a spouse in Congress, while the spouse is alive.
He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2014 by President Barack Obama.
Dingell died of prostate cancer in hospice care in Dearborn, Michigan on February 7, 2019, aged 92.
Martha Wainwright

Martha Wainwright (born May 8, 1976) is a Canadian-American folk-rock singer. She is the daughter of singers Loudon Wainwright III and Kate McGarrigle. Her brother Rufus Wainwright is also a well known singer.
Eighty Years' War

The Eighty Years' War, also called Dutch Revolt, was a war between the Netherlands and Spain. It lasted from 1568 to 1648 but was interrupted by a truce between 1609 and 1621. The Peace of Westphalia ended the war. The Netherlands achieved independence in the Eighty Years' War.
Patrick Mahomes

Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football player for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He plays the quarterback position. He is the son of former Major League Baseball (MLB) player Pat Mahomes. He played college football and college baseball at Texas Tech University, but quit baseball to focus on football more. He was selected in the first round of the 2017 NFL Draft.
Mahomes spent his first season with the Chiefs as a backup to Alex Smith. He became the primary player in the 2018 season. In the same season, Mahomes threw for 5,097 yards, 50 touchdowns, and 12 interceptions. He had also thrown for over 5,000 yards in a college season, becoming the first player to throw more than 5,000 yards in college and the NFL. He also became the second player to throw for more than 5,000 yards and score 50 touchdowns in a season, with Peyton Manning being the first.
During the 2019-20 playoffs, Mahomes appeared in Super Bowl LIV, the Chiefs' first Super Bowl appearance in 50 years, where they beat the San Francisco 49ers. Mahomes was awarded the Super Bowl MVP, the second African-American quarterback and youngest player to do so.
Mahomes is known for his athleticism and his unique passing ability.
Early life
Mahomes was born on September 17, 1995, in Tyler, Texas, to MLB player, Pat Mahomes and Randi Mahomes. In high school, Mahomes played football, baseball, and basketball. Playing football in his senior year, Mahomes he had 4,619 passing yards and 50 passing touchdowns. In baseball, he threw a no-hitter with 16 strikeouts in a game. He was selected in the 37th round of the 2014 MLB Draft by the Detroit Tiger, but did not sign a contract.
Paul Dirac

Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac, OM (August 8, 1902 in Bristol - October 20, 1984 in Tallahassee) was an English physicist.
Dirac's father came from the French-speaking part of Switzerland.
Dirac worked out a formulation of quantum mechanics, which includes Erwin Schrodinger's wave mechanics and Werner Heisenberg's matrix mechanics in 1926. In 1928 he found the Dirac equation and he found out that spin in quantum mechanics is an effect of relativity. The Dirac equation allowed Dirac to predict the existence of antimatter, which is the opposite of matter.
In 1933 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Dirac was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics chair at Cambridge University from 1932 until his retirement in 1969. He was Professor of Physics at Florida State University from 1972 until his death in 1984.
Gilberto Fernández

Gilberto Fernandez is a former sports shooter from Colombia. Gilberto competed in the 50 metre pistol event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on March 10, 1933.
Uprising (song)

"Uprising" is a 2009 song by Muse. It is the leading single from their fifth studio album The Resistance. It went to the top 20 in the United Kingdom, Scotland, New Zealand, Switzerland, Norway, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Hungary, Italy and Ireland. It also made number 28 in Canada and number 37 in the United States.
Track listing
7-inch
Warner Bros. -- WEA458
CD
Warner Bros. -- WEA458CD
Download
Saint-Loubès

Saint-Loubes is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Vicente Trueba

Vicente Trueba Perez (October 16, 1905 in Sierrapando, Cantabria - November 10, 1986) was a Spanish professional cyclist. He is famous for being the first winner of the King of the Mountains in the Tour de France. This is a competition for the best climber in the race. It was first held in 1933.
Gandesa

Gandesa () is the capital of the comarca of Terra Alta, in the province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
1189

1189 was a common year.
Events
January 21 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade
September 3- Richard I of England is crowned as king of England.
August 29- Ban Kulin wrote "The Charter of Kulin", which become a symbolic "birth certificate" of Bosnian statehood
This year was fixed as the start of time immemorial in English law in 1276.
Beginning of the Siege of Acre.
The Crusader castles of Montreal and Kerak are captured by Saladin.
Pac-Man 99

(stylized as PAC-MAN 99) is a 2021 online multiplayer maze video game with battle royale features developed by Arika and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment for the Nintendo Switch through its Nintendo Switch Online service. It was announced on social media sites on April 6, 2021 and was released on April 7, 2021.
Part of its Pac-Man franchise, its gameplay involves up to 99 players competing at the same time, similar to Tetris 99 and Super Mario Bros. 35, which is another battle royale game which has since been discontinued. Players control Pac-Man through an enclosed maze, eating dots on the board and avoiding colored ghosts that go after them. Eating power pellets causes the ghosts to turn blue and become edible; eating ghosts sends enemies called "Jammer Pac-Man" to another opponent in an attempt to slow them down and get them out of the game. The game features downloadable content that includes offline play and additional skins, with some based on other Namco games, but you must pay for it.
Reviews
Pac-Man 99 received a 76 out of 100 on review collector Metacritic, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Pastygate

Pastygate is the name given to a political scandal in the United Kingdom in March 2012. The government had said that it was going to place a 20% VAT charge on hot pasties.
A Labour Member of Parliament asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Conservative MP George Osborne, about when he last ate a Cornish pasty. Osborne answered that he had no idea when he had last eaten one. This answer has been used to show how out of touch with ordinary people the Conservative party had become. The Prime Minister David Cameron later said that he had recently eaten a Cornish pasty at Leeds railway station "and that it was very good". However, The Sun newspaper then reported that there was no place to buy Cornish pasties at Leeds railway station at the time David Cameron claimed to have eaten one there.
The issue, which at first appeared to be unimportant, was then taken up by several other newspapers and political commentators. They pointed out that the Conservatives seemed not to know that the pasty was a basic food eaten by many ordinary people in the country. The VAT rise on the pasty would affect both these customers and the pasty industry itself. These newspapers and commentators made fun of David Cameron's attempt to show himself as a regular pasty eater (i.e. as one of the people) and that George Osborne's did not know what a pasty was.
Interstate 210 (Louisiana)

Interstate 210 (I-210) in Louisiana, also known as the Lake Charles Bypass, is a bypass route in Lake Charles, in Louisiana. As a bypass of I-10, both ends of I-210 meet with I-10.
George Foreman

George Edward Foreman (January 5, 1949) is an American two-time World Heavyweight Boxing Champion and entrepreneur. He was born in Marshall, Texas, and grew up in Fifth Ward, Houston.
He became the oldest man ever to win a major heavyweight title when, at 45, he knocked out 26-year-old Michael Moorer in the 10th round. He is still the oldest person to do that and has been named one of the 25 greatest fighters of all time by Ring Magazine. Nicknamed "Big George", he became a businessman and an ordained Christian minister.
Foreman has ten children, and each of his five sons is named George: George Jr., George III, George IV, George V, and George VI. They are also known by the nicknames "Monk", "Red", "Joe" "Big Wheel" and "Little George". His five daughters are Michi, Georgetta, Freda George, Natalie, and Leola. He also has two adopted daughters.
Late in the 20th century he gave his name to the electric George Foreman Grills. They cook food and allow the fat to drain off into a bowl, making the food less fatty.
Idir

Hamid Cheriet (in Kabyle language Hamid Ceryat; 25 October 1949 - 2 May 2020), better known by his stage name Idir or Yidir, was an Algerian singer-songwriter and guitarist He was born in Beni Yenni, Algeria. His best known album was A Vava Inouva (1976). His best known single was "Pourquoi cette pluie?" (2002).
Idir died on 2 May 2020 in Paris of pulmonary fibrosis at the age of 70.
Semele

Semele is a person in Greek mythology. She is the daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia. She has a child called Dionysus. Her child grows up and becomes a god.
Story
Semele was a priestess of Zeus. On one day, Zeus saw her as she killed a bull at his altar. She swam in the river Asopus to wash the blood off her body. Zues turned himself into an eagle and flew over the place where she was bathing. Zeus saw Semele and fell in love with her. He visited her many times, in secret.
Zeus' wife, Hera got jealous of the girls Zeus loved. She found out of his love with Semele. Semele became pregnant. Hera turned herself into an old woman. Hera became friends with Semele. Semele told her that her lover was Zeus. Hera pretended not to believe her. She made Semele wonder if her lover was lying about being Zeus. Semele asked Zeus to grant her a wish. Zeus promised on the River Styx to give her anything she wanted. She then told Zeus to come to her in his truest form. Zeus asked her not to ask this. But she did not change her choice. Zeus tried to spare her by showing her the smallest of his thunderbolts. Humans cannot look upon the gods without being burned, so Semele died, getting burned in a lightning fire.
Zeus rescued Semele's unborn child, Dionysus. He sewed the fetal Dionysus into his thigh. Dionysus grew there until he was ready to be born. This is why Greeks called Dionysus "the twice-born."
When he grew up, Dionysus rescued his mother from underworld. Later, she became a goddess on Mount Olympus. She got a new name Thyone. She lived being inspired by her son Dionysus. At a later point in Dionysiaca, Semele, now reborn, feel proud to her sister Ino.
Chamouille

Chamouille is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France. In 2015, 291 people lived there.
Brenda Joyce

Brenda Joyce (February 25, 1917-July 4, 2009) was an American actress whose acting career was rather short, although memorable. She was in several movies, including Thumbs Up, The Rains Came and several Tarzan movies.
Joyce was born in Missouri. She died in California as a result of pneumonia. She was 92.
Grant Fuhr

Grant Scott Fuhr (born September 28, 1962) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the National Hockey League. In 2003, he was added into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Born of biracial parents, Fuhr was adopted as a baby and raised in Spruce Grove, Alberta.
Awards
Named to NHL Second All-Star Team in 1982
Named to NHL First All-Star Team in 1988
Won Vezina Trophy in 1988
Won William M. Jennings Trophy in 1994 (shared with Dominik Hasek)
Participated in NHL All-Star Game in 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986 (MVP), 1988, 1989
In 1997, he was ranked number 70 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.
Consistent life ethic

The consistent life ethic is also known as the consistent ethic of life. It opposes abortion, capital punishment, assisted suicide, euthanasia, and war. Some people who follow this are only opposed to unjust war, and some are full pacifists. The term was made popular in 1983 by Joseph Bernardin, a Catholic Cardinal. The ideology is based on all life being important, and that it should be protected by law.
William Alfred Fowler

William Alfred Fowler (August 9, 1911 - March 14, 1995) was an American nuclear physicist. With Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, he won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics. He is known for his theoretical and experimental research into nuclear reactions within stars and the energy elements produced in the process. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Fowler died on March 14, 1995 in Pasadena, California from kidney failure, aged 83.
Ploudalmézeau

Ploudalmezeau () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Carlos Saura

Carlos Saura Atares (4 January 1932 - 10 February 2023) was a Spanish movie director, photographer and writer. Along with Luis Bunuel and Pedro Almodovar, he was seen as Spain's three most renowned filmmakers. He was born in Huesca, Spain.
He was known for directing in Los Golfos, La Caza, Peppermint Frappe, Honeycomb, Ana and the Wolves, La Prima Angelica, Cria Cuervos, Elisa, Vida Mia, Deprisa, Deprisa, Carmen, Tango and Goya in Bordeaux.
Between 1967 to 1979, he was in a partnership with Geraldine Chaplin. In 1991, he won two Goya Awards.
Saura died of respiratory failure on 10 February 2023 in Madrid, Spain at the age of 91.
Lil Wayne

Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. (born September 27, 1982), known under his professional name as Lil Wayne, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter and record executive. He joined the Cash Money Records label as a teenager. He worked with rapper B.G. (under the name B.G.'z) on the album True Story and they eventually recorded for the label. Get It How U Live (1997) was Lil Wayne's first album with Southern hip hop group Hot Boys. Tha Block Is Hot, his solo debut, came out in 1999. Tha Block debuted in the top ten on the U.S. Billboard 200. Lil Wayne was nominated for "Best New Artist" from the magazine Billboard the same year. Following this success, Wayne was soon featured on other rappers' singles, including "Bling Bling" by B.G. and "#1 Stunna" by the Big Tymers in 2000.
Career
His first three albums Tha Block Is Hot, Lights Out and 500 Degreez were released with little promotion. Lil Wayne reached higher popularity in 2004 with his fourth album Tha Carter and its two sequel albums Tha Carter II (2005) and Tha Carter III (2008). During this time, Lil Wayne appeared on several mixtapes and singles of other artists.
2008: Tha Carter III
Originally planned to be released in 2007, Tha Carter IIIs largest delay came after the majority of the tracks were leaked and distributed on mixtapes, such as "The Drought Is Over Pt. 2" and "The Drought Is Over Pt. 4". Lil Wayne at first decided to use the leaked tracks (plus four new tracks) to make a separate album, titled Tha Carter III: The Leak. The Leak was to be released December 18, 2007, with the actual album being delayed until March 18, 2008, The release of The Leak in this format never came to fruition. An official EP titled The Leak contained five tracks and was released digitally on December 25, 2007.
2010: Rebirth and I Am Not a Human Being
Following the success of Tha Carter III, Lil Wayne decided to record a rock album titled Rebirth. In the album, he is featured playing guitar and singing using Auto-Tune. The album was released in 2010. It was certified gold by the RIAA, despite a generally negative critical response.
Wayne's eighth album I Am Not a Human Being was released during his prison sentence in New York.
Personal life
Legal issues
In March 2010, Lil Wayne served an 8-month sentence in a New York prison after being convicted of criminal possession of a weapon stemming from an incident in 2007.
Health issues
On March 12, 2013, Lil Wayne was hospitalized in Los Angeles after having many seizures. TMZ reported that Wayne is breathing through tubes and is moved to an Intensive Care Unite.
Radiodonta

Radiodonta is an extinct order of ancient arthropods that was successful during the Cambrian period. They can be called radiodonts and radiodontans along with other names.
Radiodonts are identified by distinct appendages on their faces, which are diverse and can do a lot of things. Some of the earliest top predators are Radiodonts, but some others were filter feeders, eating by filtering food out of the water around them.
Gibson County, Indiana

Gibson County is a county in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 33,503 people lived there. The county seat is Princeton.
Mali at the Olympics

Mali at the Olympics is a history which started in the 1960s. Since 1962, Mali has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Mali is MLI.
History
Mali has taken part in the Summer Olympic Games held in 1964, 1972, and every Olympics since 1980. The country has never won an Olympic medal. No athletes from Mali have been in any Winter Olympic Games.
The National Olympic Committee for Mali was formed in 1962 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1963.
Division of Bowman

The Division of Bowman is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1949 and is named for David Bowman (1860-1916), an early leader of the Australian Labor Party, in Queensland. The seat is located in the eastern suburbs of Brisbane, and includes Capalaba, Cleveland, Redland Bay, Birkdale, Thorneside, Alexandra Hills, Thornlands, Mount Cotton, Cornubia, Ormiston, Wellington Point and Victoria Point. It also includes the islands of Moreton Bay including Coochiemudlo Island, the Bay Islands (Russell, Karragarra, Macleay and Lamb) and North Stradbroke Island.
After the 2009 electoral redistribution there was only a difference 0.005% between the two main parties, making Bowman the most marginal seat in the country.
Members
In 2007, Andrew Laming won the seat by only 64 votes.
Vielle

The vielle is a bowed stringed instrument. It is a European instrument. It was used in the Medieval period. It is similar to a violin. It has a longer and deeper body than the violin. The vielle was also called a fidel or a viuola. Vielle is the French name for the instrument. It was one of the most popular instruments of the Medieval period. The vielle possibly came from the lira. The lira is a Byzantine bowed instrument. It is closely related to the Rebab. The Rebab is an Arab bowed instrument.
Jane Briggs Hart

Jane Briggs ("Janey") Hart (October 21, 1921 - June 5, 2015) was an American aviator. She was the widow of Senator Philip A. Hart. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. She was a member of the NASA's Mercury 13. Hart was also an avid sailor and has sailed in the Port Huron to Mackinac Boat Race 15 times as part of an all-women crew.
Hart died on June 5, 2015 in West Hartford, Connecticut from Alzheimer's disease, aged 93.
Angel Stadium of Anaheim

Angel Stadium of Anaheim is a baseball park in Anaheim, California. It is the home field of the Los Angeles Angels. It opened in 1966. It has had several names over the years. It began as Anaheim Stadium.
Boulogne-sur-Helpe

Boulogne-sur-Helpe is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 341 people lived there.
A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 movie)

A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 2010 American slasher movie directed by Samuel Bayer, and written by Wesley Strick and Eric Heisserer. The movie stars Jackie Earle Haley as Freddy Krueger, Kyle Gallner, Rooney Mara, Katie Cassidy, Thomas Dekker, and Kellan Lutz.
It is a remake of Wes Craven's 1984 movie of the same name. It is produced by Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes. It was supposed to be a reboot of the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise.
The movie was released to negative reviews on April 30, 2010 and made $115.6 million in the box office.
Wes Craven did not like the remake because the movie team refused to work with him, while Robert Englund supported the movie and Haley's performance as Krueger.
The Greens – The Green Alternative

The Greens - The Green Alternative (, shortened to GRUNE) is an Austrian political party. Its leader is Werner Kogler and it is founded 1993.
The party is a member of the European Green Party and its ideology is Center-Left. The main ideology is green politics that aims to create an ecologically sustainable society.
Zollikofen

Zollikofen is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
It is a suburb of the capital of Berne.
Act of Settlement 1701

The Act of Settlement is an Act of the Parliament of England. It passed in 1701. It settled the succession to the English and Irish crowns to only Protestants. More specifically, anyone who became a Roman Catholic, or who married one, was not able to inherit the throne.
Will Smith

Willard Carroll Smith II (born September 25, 1968) is an American actor, producer and rapper. He got his start as part of the rap duo DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince. He became an actor when he starred on the television show The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air as Will Smith, a teenager from Philadelphia sent to live with his rich relatives in Southern California. He has appeared in many movies including Independence Day, Men in Black, Ali, Wild Wild West, The Pursuit of Happyness, I Am Legend, and in Suicide Squad.
In 2022, he won a Golden Globe Award, BAFTA Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and an Academy Award for his role as Richard Williams in the 2021 drama movie King Richard. He is the first rapper to win an acting Oscar.
Personal life
Smith married actress Jada Pinkett in 1997. They have three children, including Jaden and Willow.
At the 94th Academy Awards in March 2022, Smith slapped comedian Chris Rock after he made a joke about his wife, Jada's, bald head. Smith was criticized for his violent reaction and on April 1, 2022 Smith resigned his membership from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and said he would support any punishment by the academy. Smith has been banned from going to the Oscar ceremonies for 10 years.
Arthur Ravenel Jr.

Arthur Ravenel Jr. (March 29, 1927 - January 16, 2023) was an American businessman and a Republican politician. He was born in Charleston, South Carolina. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina's 1st congressional district. He served from 1987 through 1995.
Ravenel Jr. decided not to run for re-election in 1994, to run for Governor instead, but lost in the Republican primaries to David Beasley.
In 2005, Ravenel Jr. suffered from Guillain-Barre syndrome. The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge, near the Cooper River, is named after him.
Ravenel was a member of Moultrie Camp, Sons of Confederate Veterans, and was a supporter of the Confederate flag being flown at the South Carolina statehouse. He made controversy at a rally for the flag in 2000 when he called the NAACP as the "National Association for Retarded People". Ravenel upset even more people after he apologized to mentally handicapped people for comparing them to the NAACP.
Ravenel died on January 16, 2023 at the age of 95.
Gränichen

Granichen is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
Gétigné

Getigne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Christopher Awdry

Christopher Vere Awdry (born 2 July 1940) is an English author best known for his contributions to The Railway Series of books featuring Thomas the Tank Engine, which was started by his father, the Rev. W. Awdry. He has also produced children's books based on a number of other railways. He has also written non-fiction articles and books on heritage railways.
The Dispossessed

The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia is a 1974 science fiction book that was written by Ursula K. Le Guin. It takes place in the same place as the book The Left Hand of Darkness. The book won both the Hugo Award and the Nebula Award in 1975.
Rashi Fein

Rashi Fein, Litt.D., Ph.D., (February 6, 1926 - September 8, 2014) was an American economist and professor. He was called the 'Father of Medicare'. He was Professor of Economics of Medicine, Emeritus at Harvard Medical School. He was the author of the book Medical Care, Medical Costs: The Search for a Health Insurance Policy.
He was the brother of activist Leonard J. Fein.
Fein died in Boston, Massachusetts from unknown causes, aged 87.
Division of Indi

The Division of Indi is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It is located in north-eastern Victoria. It is one of the largest divisions in Victoria. A lot of its area is in the Alpine National Park. It includes the cities of Wodonga, Wangaratta, and Benalla, and the smaller towns of Rutherglen, Mansfield, Beechworth, Bethanga, Myrtleford, Corryong, Tallangatta, Yea and Euroa. It also includes the ski resort of Falls Creek and the isolated village of Woods Point.
Indi was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. The name Indi, was an Indigenous Australian word for the Murray River, which is one of the boundaries of the division.
Members
Famous members inlude Sir Isaac Isaacs, the Attorney-General of Australia, Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia, and the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. John McEwen, who moved to Murray, became Prime Minister of Australia after the death of Harold Holt in 1967. The Labor party won the seat in 1928 when the conservatives forgot to nominate a candidate.
Paul Sueo Hamaguchi

Paul Sueo Hamaguchi (1 August 1948 - 28 December 2020) was a Japanese Roman Catholic bishop. Hamaguchi was born in Oita, Japan. He became a priest in 1975. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oita, Japan, from 2011 until his death.
Hamaguchi died on 28 December 2020 at the age of 72.
Kakheti

Kakheti is a region in Georgia. The capital city is Telavi. It include the Tsiv-Gombori mountain range and Alazani River.
The Georgian David Gareja monastery complex is partly in this province. There is a border dispute between Georgian and Azerbaijani authorities. Popular tourist attractions in Kakheti include Tusheti, Gremi, Signagi, Kvetra, Bodbe, Lagodekhi Protected Areas and Alaverdi Monastery.
Green Eggs and Ham

Green Eggs and Ham is a book by Dr. Seuss. It was first published in 1960. Publishers Weekly says that it had sold fourth-most copies of any children's book ever as of 2001. In this story, Sam-I-Am pesters Guy-Am-I to eat green eggs and ham. However, Guy refuses, insisting that he does not like them until the end. It received an animated adaption in 1973.
Words
Green Eggs and Ham is one of Seuss's "Beginner Books", written using very simple words for beginning readers. There are only fifty different words, of which 49 have only one syllable. The one exception is "anywhere". The fifty words used are: a, am, and, anywhere, are, be, boat, box, car, could, dark, do, eat, eggs, fox, goat, good, green, ham, here, house, I, if, in, let, like, may, me, mouse, not, on, or, rain, Sam, say, see, so, thank, that, the, them, there, they, train, tree, try, will, with, would, you. 45 of the 50 words (all words except box, car, Sam, train and try) are Germanic.
Fidel Castro

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz ( ) (August 13, 1926 - November 25, 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician. He was Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and President from 1976 to 2008. He temporarily gave power to his brother Raul Castro while recovering from surgery in summer of 2006. On February 19, 2008, he announced that he would not return to power. He was in power for 49 years.
Early life
Castro was born in Biran, Cuba on August 13, 1926. He received a doctorate of law from the University of Havana. He was trained as a military lawyer. He came to power after he and his guerrilla soldiers overthrew the dictatorship of General Fulgencio Batista.
Background
Castro was a communist and he made Cuba the first socialist country of the Americas. During the Cold War he was a friend of the Soviet Union, and he depended on their help until the USSR collapsed. An important moment of the Cold War was the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. In October 1962 the United States of America discovered that the Soviet Union was placing missiles on Cuba, close to the United States. After very tense talking, a big nuclear war was avoided between the Soviet Union and the USA.
Some people call Castro a dictator. They criticize him, because they think he has ignored some human rights, for example, torture, murder and oppression of freedom of speech, both at home and in African countries where he sent Cuban soldiers to spread Communism. Other people do not think this is true. For example, Nelson Mandela has spoken in support of Castro and has thanked him for aid to Africa. Amnesty International criticized Cuba's human rights record but noted slow progress in July 2002. Supporters of Castro say he gave Cuba the best health care and education of Latin America and created equality between the poor and the rich.
Personal life
Castro's first wife was Mirta Diaz - Balart. They married in October 1948. They had a son Fidel Angel "Fidelito" Castro Diaz-Balart, born in September 1949. Diaz-Balart and Castro divorced in 1955. In 1980, Castro married Dalia Soto del Valle. Their marriage would end with Castro's death in 2016.
Death
On November 25, 2016, Castro died at age 90 of natural causes in Havana, Cuba. President Raul Castro, his brother, announced Fidel's death on state television. His remains were later cremated on November 26, 2016.
John McHugh

John Michael McHugh (born September 29, 1948) is an American politician and diplomat. He is the 21st United States Secretary of the Army. He was a former New York representative in the United States House of Representatives.
On June 2, 2009, President Barack Obama nominated him to the position of United States Secretary of the Army. The United States Senate confirmed McHugh in a voice vote on September 16, 2009. He was sworn in as the 21st Secretary of the Army at a Pentagon ceremony on September 21, 2009. He resigned on November 1, 2015.
Lew Krausse Jr.

Lewis Bernard Krausse Jr. (April 25, 1943February 16, 2021) was an American baseball pitcher. He played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Kansas City/Oakland Athletics, Milwaukee Brewers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, and Atlanta Braves from 1961 to 1974.
Krausse Jr. died on February 16, 2021 in Kansas City, Missouri from cancer, aged 77.
John Bednarski

John Severn Bednarski (born July 4, 1952 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) was an ice hockey defenceman in the National Hockey League. Over the course of his career, he played the New York Rangers and the Edmonton Oilers.
As a junior player he played in the Manitoba Junior Hockey League, he signed with the Rangers as a free agent in 1972 and began play in the American Hockey League with the Rochester Americans. He made his NHL start in 1974 with the Rangers playing 99 games and scoring 2 goals and 18 assists. In 1977, he returned to the minor leagues before signing with the Oilers for their first year in the NHL, playing only one game before being sent back down to the minors.
He later signed a contract with the Buffalo Sabres but never played another NHL game. He would eventually become the radio and TV analyst for the Americans for many years before resigning prior to the 2005-06 season.
Tibia (video game)

Tibia is a MMORPG video game released in 1997. Three German science students, Stephan Borzsonyi, Guido Lubke, Ulrich Schlott and Stephan Vogler, thought of the idea for the game. It was made by the German company CipSoft.
Patricia Wald

Patricia Ann McGowan Wald (September 16, 1928 - January 12, 2019) was an American judge. She was the Chief United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) and as a judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.
She was the first woman to be appointed to the D.C. Circuit and the first to be a Chief Judge of that court. She was a member of the American Bar Association's International Criminal Court Project and on the Council of the American Law Institute.
Wald died in Washington, D.C., on January 12, 2019, from pancreatic cancer, aged 90.
Raoof Haghighi

Raoof Haghighi is an Iranian-born British artist, known for his portraiture and realism.
Movie camera

Movie cameras / video cameras are used to film movies. Movie cameras take pictures very quickly, and they usually take 24 or 25 pictures, or frames every second. When a movie projector, a computer, or a television shows the pictures at 24 frames a second, it looks like the things shown in the set of pictures are moving. Sound is usually recorded at the same time as the pictures are, but sometimes they are added later. The sounds in a movie are usually people talking, the soundtrack, and sound effects. In the 20th century the camera used photographic films.
2005 All-Pro Team

The 2005 All-Pro Team is the National Football League players that were selected to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2005. Some players are First-Team and some are Second-Team. First-Team has better players.
Marfan Syndrome

Marfan Syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes defective connective tissue. This can effect the skeleton, heart blood vessels, eyes and lungs. Normally, the interstitial space of body tissue is full of microfibrils. This is strong rope like structure that provide tissue integrity and common connective tissue.
The main component of microfibrils is a glycoprotein called fibrillin.
Andrei Babitsky

Andrei Maratovich Babitsky (; 26 September 1964 - 1 April 2022) was a Russian journalist and war reporter. He worked for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) from 1989 to 2014. He reported the 1991 August Coup, Civil War in Tajikistan and both the First and Second Chechen Wars.
Achondroplasia

Achondroplasia is a form of Dwarfism. It is part of the chondrodystrophies or osteochondrodysplasias family which makes bones in a human's skeleton be too short or grow too slowly. It often affects the femur and humerus. It is caused by a dominant allele. That means only one parent has to have the gene. This gives a child a 50% chance of getting the condition. If both parents have the gene the chances are increased to 75%, but in 25% of the cases, it is very unlikely that the child would live more than a few months. However, the condition can also occur without either parent having the gene. Achondroplasia is caused by a change in the DNA for fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. This change affects the making of cartilage. Now that the part of the DNA that causes the condition is known, there is hope that new treatments may be developed.
Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff

Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff (22 March 1935 - 7 February 2021) was an Indonesian Navy colonel. She was one of the first 12 members of the Navy Women's Corps. She later was head of the Jakarta Regional Office of the Ministry of Education and Culture under Governor Soeprapto from 1983 to 1987.
Coldenhoff died at a Central Jakarta hospital on 7 February 2021, aged 85.
Elkhorn, Wisconsin

Elkhorn is a city in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located southwest of Milwaukee. 10,084 lived here during the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Walworth County.
Sandy, Bedfordshire

Sandy is a town and civil parish in Bedfordshire, England. It is between Cambridge and Bedford on the A1 road from London to Edinburgh. As of 2001, 10,887 people lived in Sandy.
Horta Museum

The Horta Museum is a museum dedicated to the life and work of the Belgian Art Nouveau architect Victor Horta and his time. The museum is in Horta's former house in the Brussels municipality of Saint-Gilles. There is a permanent display of furniture, utensils and art objects made by Horta and his contemporaries. There are also documents related to his life and time. The museum organises temporary exhibitions on topics related to Horta and his art. The building is on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Jun Mizukoshi

Jun Mizukoshi (born 15 January 1975) is a Japanese football player.
99 (song)

"99" is a 1979 song by American rock band Toto. It was taken from their second studio album Hydra and went to number 26 in the United States and number 17 in Canada.
WWF SmackDown!

WWF SmackDown! is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ. The game was known as Exciting Pro Wrestling in Japan. The Japanese version was published by Yuke's Future Media Creators.
It was released on March 2, 2000, in North America, April 2000 in Europe and on August 8, 2000, in Japan. The game was the first game in the WWF SmackDown! video game series. It was the first WWF game on the PlayStation to be published by THQ who took over from the previous publisher Acclaim Entertainment. It is was followed by WWF SmackDown! 2: Know Your Role.
Take a Hard Ride

Take a Hard Ride is a 1975 Italian American western movie. It was directed by Antonio Margheriti. Actors include Jim Brown, Lee Van Cleef, Fred Williamson, Jim Kelly, Dana Andrews, Barry Sullivan, Robert Donner, and Harry Carey, Jr. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Jennifer Warnes

Jennifer Warnes (born March 3, 1947) is an American singer. She first became famous during the late 1960s, and was a regular performer on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour. She performed alongside Leonard Cohen in his 1984 album Various Positions.
In the late 1970s, she had hit records including "Right Time of the Night" and "I Know a Heartache When I See One". In the 1980s, she sang duets with Joe Cocker ("Up Where We Belong") and Bill Medley ("(I've Had) The Time of My Life"), which were also hits. The singer was born March 3, 1947.
Tyndrum

Tyndrum (Taigh an Droma in Gaelic) is a small village in Scotland.
Nunchaku

Nunchaku is a weapon made up of two sticks connected by a short chain or rope. The two sections are mostly made out of wood and the middle part that links them is cord or metal chain. It is mostly used in martial arts. It is a traditional Japanese weapon originally developed in Okinawa. The Nunchaku consists of two sticks linked together by a short chain or rope. In more modern times, the nunchaku was popularized by the martial arts icon Bruce Lee. It is widely used in karate and the Okinawan kobudo martial arts. Nunchaku is considered a great training weapon that develops quicker movements and improves posture.
The term nunchaku is from the Japanese Ryukyuan languages. The word itself was derived from a short Southeast Asian agricultural tool used for threshing rice or soybeans.
Today, the usage of the Nunchaku as a weapon is utilized in many different styles of martial arts such as karate, taekwondo, aikido, and even Eskrima, a Filipino martial arts discipline.
Cercenasco

Cercenasco is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Righteous Kill

Righteous Kill is a 2008 crime thriller movie. Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, John Leguizamo and Donnie Wahlberg are in the movie. Curtis "50 Cent" Jackson also appears. The movie received mostly negative reviews from the critics.
Dale Kildee

Dale Edward Kildee (September 16, 1929 - October 13, 2021) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from Michigan, serving from 1977 until 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
His district included Flint, Saginaw and Bay City. In July 2011, Kildee announced he would retire after his current term was up in 2012.
In November, 2011, Patrick Kildee, a second cousin of the congressman, accused Kildee of sexually abusing him more than 50 years ago when he was 12 years old. In response Kildee called the allegation untrue.
Kildee died on October 13, 2021 in Flint, Michigan at the age of 92.
Bantam, Ohio

Bantam is an unincorporated community in Clermont County, Ohio, in the United States.
Inola, Oklahoma

Inola is a town of Rogers County in the state of Oklahoma, United States.
Frank Torre

Frank Joseph Torre (December 30, 1931 - September 13, 2014) was an American baseball player. He was first baseman in Major League Baseball. Torre who batted and threw left-handed. He played for the Milwaukee Braves (1956-60) and Philadelphia Phillies (1962-63). He was the older brother of Hall of Famer Joe Torre.
Torre died in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida from cardiac arrest, aged 82.
Freddie Wadling

Berndt Arvid Freddie Wadling (August 2, 1951 - June 2, 2016) was a Swedish singer, actor and opera writer. He was born in Gothenburg. His 30-year musical career extended from punk to classical ballads.
In the 1980s and 1990s, he was vocalist of the Swedish alternative pop/rock duo Blue for Two. The duo started in Gothenburg in 1984 with him on vocals.
After Two for Blue stopped performing by the end of the 1990s, Wadling developed a solo career. He released a great number of albums, and very notably the highly acclaimed En skiva till kaffet (1999) and Jag ar monstret (2005). He also recorded songs by John Dowland with the Forge Players in 1998.
Wadling died on June 2, 2016 in Vastra Frolunda, Sweden at the age of 64.
Aurora, Illinois

Aurora is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Portable Network Graphics

Portable Network Graphics (often shortened to PNG) is a bitmapped image format that uses lossless data compression.
Their most common use is within transparent images, as it does support an alpha channel along with a 16-bit color channel.
Queen's Hall

The Queen's Hall was a concert hall in Central London, England. It opened in 1893. It is best known for being where the Promenade Concerts were started by Robert Newman in 1895.
The Queen's Hall was built because London needed a new concert hall in the centre of the town. It stood in Langham Place, just next to where BBC Broadcasting House stands today. The Queen's Hall had seating for up to 3,000 people (including the orchestra). The arena (downstairs) had removable seating. The polished floor could be used for dancing. The acoustics of the hall were excellent. There was also a smaller hall, The Queen's Small Hall, which seated 500 people. This was used for chamber music. In later years it was used as a recording studio. The architect who designed the hall was Thomas Edward Knightley.
The first time The Queen's Hall was used was on 25 November 1893 when Newman gave a children's party in the afternoon. In the evening about 2000 ladies and gentlemen came to a concert given by the Band of the Coldstream Guards, which included vocal music, piano and organ solos. At 11.00pm the seats in the arena were removed and the dancing began. The official opening of the hall took place on 2 December. On 10 August 1895 the first Promenade concert was given with Henry Wood conducting.
On January 14, 1896, the first public movie show was given at the Queen's Hall to members and wives of the Royal Photographic Society.
The seats were uncomfortable because there was not enough leg room, so in 1913 and 1919 some changes were made, after which the hall could seat 2400 people.
From 1930 to 1941, the BBC Symphony Orchestra regularly gave broadcast concerts in the hall. Arturo Toscanini, who guest conducted the orchestra during the 1930s, made some famous recordings in the Queen's Hall in the late 1930s.
On 10 May 1941 (during the World War II) the Royal Choral Society gave a concert in the Queen's Hall with the London Symphony Orchestra. They performed Elgar's oratorio Dream of Gerontius under the conductor Sir Malcolm Sargent. It was the last concert ever given there because, later that night, the hall was completely destroyed by bombs.
After the destruction of Queen's Hall, the BBC Symphony Orchestra moved its broadcast concerts and recording sessions to Bedford School. Among the great recordings made at the school was Sir Adrian Boult's recording of Elgar's second symphony. The Proms continued in the Royal Albert Hall. They also took place in Bristol and Bedford, but after the war they settled in the Royal Albert Hall where they continue today.
Bob Falkenburg

Robert Falkenburg (January 29, 1926 - January 6, 2022) was an American amateur tennis player and businessman. He notably won the men's singles at the 1948 Wimbledon Championships. He also won the 1944 U.S. National Championships and 1947 Wimbledon doubles. He later helped bring soft ice cream and American fast food to Brazil in 1952. He founded the Brazilian fast food chain Bob's.
Falkenburg was born in Manhattan, New York City. He was married and had two children. He died on January 6, 2022, in Santa Ynez, California. He was 95.