kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Dogfight

A dogfight is a close air fight between fighter planes. It often involves turning, climbing, and swirling.
Dogfights started during World War I when the fighter planes did not have many weapons.
The first aerial dogfight occurred during the Battle of Cer (15-24 August 1914), when Serbian aviator Miodrag Tomic encountered an Austro-Hungarian plane while performing a reconnaissance mission over Austro-Hungarian positions. The Austro-Hungarian pilot initially waved, and Tomic waved back. The Austro-Hungarian pilot then fired at Tomic with his revolver. Tomic produced a pistol of his own and fired back. Tomic managed to escape, and within several weeks, all Serbian and Austro-Hungarian planes were fitted with machine-guns.
Modern weapons such as homing missiles did not exist in that time, and planes could only fight each other with machine guns. Since the machine guns were only useful at close range, the planes had to fly very close together to have combat. Pilots had to fly with many maneuvers to try to not be shot, and be able to shoot the enemy planes. This new type of flying was named dogfighting. Fighter planes made just for this type of flying were sometimes called dogfighters. During World War II many had autocannons firing small, explosive artillery shells. They kept farther apart so they would not be destroyed quickly.
In modern air combat, there are many long range weapons that can be used before dogfighting. Homing missiles can be fired much further away from the target than machine guns, and will automatically try to follow the target. These types of weapons make dogfighting less common, but modern planes still have Gatling guns, which are more advanced kinds of machine guns. This is because dogfighting still happens sometimes.
A & C Black

A & C Black is a British book publishing company.
The company was founded in 1807 by Adam and Charles Black in Edinburgh. It moved to the Soho district of London in 1889. In 1851, the company bought the copyright of Walter Scott's Waverley Novels for PS27,000. In 1902, it published P. G. Wodehouse's first book, The Pothunters.
People know the company best for being the publisher of the Who's Who, printed every year since 1897 and also, since 2002, the Whitaker's Almanack.
A & C Black bought both Christopher Helm Publishers and later the Pica Press, which are publishers of the Helm Identification Guides, written by Christopher Helm.
The company is now part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
Kowloon Walled City

Kowloon Walled City was a tiny Chinese enclave in Hong Kong.
It was a military fort for hundreds of years, but later became a very dense settlement. In 1980, the city had about 35,000 people on about 20,000 m2 of land, making it one of the most densely populated places on earth. It was torn down in 1993, and a park called Kowloon Walled City Park was built in 1994.
The area where Kowloon Walled City was located is now called Kowloon City. It is part of the Kowloon City District of Kowloon, Hong Kong. At the end of the whole destruction process of the Kowloon Walled City, 51% of people had to go to temporary housing just outside the walled city. When they destroyed the walled city it was hard to destroy all the walled city's machinery. The walled city was known for its brothels, dentists, and opium houses.
Giulia Rulli

Giulia Rulli is a basketball player from Italy. Rulli competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 3 June 1991.
Köpenick

Kopenick part of the German capital city of Berlin. It is at the meeting place of two rivers, the Dahme and Spree.
It is known for the famous imposter Wilhelm Voigt, the Captain of Kopenick.
Kopenick was an independent town until 1920. It then became a borough of Berlin, with an area of , making it Berlin's largest borough. In 2001, the borough of Kopenick was merged with that of Treptow to create the current borough of Treptow-Kopenick.
Geography
Overview
A lot of Kopenick's area is covered with forests and water, such as the Muggelsee lake.
The Spree connects Kopenick with the Muggelsee and the Berlin city centre. The Oder-Spree Canal links the Dahme, at nearby Schmockwitz, with the Oder river, at Eisenhuttenstadt, thus providing a navigable connection between Kopenick and the Oder.
There are so many forests and parks in Kopenick is sometimes called the "green lungs" of Berlin. The Muggelberge hills in the south-east of Kopenick reach , making them the highest natural point of Berlin.
Subdivision
Kopenick is divided into 8 zones:
Altstadt
Kietzer Vorstadt
Dammvorstadt
Kopenick-Nord
Siedlung Dammfeld
Elsengrund
Uhlenhorst
Wolfsgarten
Amtsfeld-Kammereiheide
Salvador-Allende-Viertel
Kollnische Vorstadt
Spindlersfeld
Wendenschloss
Siedlung Kietzer Feld
Panorama
History
For many years Kopenick was an independent town. Its was first mentioned as a stronghold in 1209. This means Kopenick is older than Berlin-Colln, which was first mentioned in a 1237 deed. For the most part of Kopenick's history, the town was known as Copenick.
In 1631, during the Thirty Years' War, the emissaries of George William, Elector of Brandenburg went to Kopenick to meet the approaching army of Gustav Adolph, King of Sweden, to try to stop the devastation of Brandenburg.
In 1906, a shoemaker called Wilhelm Voigt pretended to be a Prussian officer and took over the town hall of Kopenick. A play was made about the event, and later several films and television shows.
Sport
The Stadion An der Alten Forsterei is home of the 1. FC Union Berlin football club.
Natalie

Natalie [ nat-l-ee ] is a female given name derived from late Latin name Natalia which in turn means "Christmas Day". Natalie is found in many languages but is especially prevalent in French and English speaking countries. Natalie is a name that's been popular for centuries due to its beauty and widespread usage across various cultures and languages. This name has a rich history and significant meaning. It is derived from the Latin word "natalis," which means "birth" or "birthday." Natalie is often associated with Christmas, a holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. The name has been used in many cultures and languages, with different spellings in French, Spanish, Russian, and Italian. It's also been widely used in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom. This name was ranked #56 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
Hickman, Kentucky

Hickman is a city in Kentucky in the United States. It is in Fulton County. Hickman had a population of 2,560 at the 2000 census.
Consciousness

Consciousness means being awake, alert and responsive to the environment. The definition of consciousness may differ in psychology, neuroscience, philosophy and other related sciences. It is often disputed amongst academics and scientists.
Consciousness is a spectrum. There are several states between a fully conscious state and a fully unconscious state. In medicine, the degree of loss of consciousness is measured by using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS); a score between 3 and 15 is given to each person at any time, to show how conscious he or she is. Higher scores show more conscious states.
It seems that many decisions are made without us being aware of it. Some think that these decisions are made by what is called the unconscious mind. There are also many body functions which we do not notice until they go wrong. These activities are done by the autonomic nervous system. Breathing and the beat of one's heart can be noticed but are controlled by nervous system without thought.
It is not known what causes consciousness. So, it is difficult to know if another person or thing is indeed conscious. The best we can say is that some animals do seem to be conscious of the world around them. We ourselves assume that others have consciousness, but this is notoriously difficult to prove. This is known in philosophy as the problem of other minds.
Ghotki

Ghotki () Ghotki is a town of Northern Sindh, Pakistan. It was the site of the July 13, 2005 Ghotki rail crash.
Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani

Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (, born 1 January 1952) is the former Emir of the State of Qatar. He was the Emir from 1995 to 2013. Sheikh Hamad was the heir apparent of Qatar between 1977 and 1995. He was lso the Minister of Defense at that time. In the early 1980s, he led the Supreme Planning Council. It sets the economic and social policies for Qatar. In 1992, Hamad worked more on the day-to-day running of the country. This included the development of Qatar's oil and natural gas resources. On 27 June 1995, He took control of the country from his father in a palace coup. Sheikh Hamad was crowned on 20 June 2000. The Emir is famous for helping to create the first Arab international news network, Al Jazeera, when he gave a loan of QAR 500 million ($137 million) to keep Al Jazeera running for its first five years. In late 2012 and early 2013, it was said that the Emir gave money and items to terrorist groups such as Hamas, Ansar Dine, and the Al-Nusra Front.
New York's 14th congressional district

New York's 14th congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located in New York City, represented by Democrat Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.
The district includes the eastern part of The Bronx and part of north-central Queens. The Queens portion includes the neighborhoods of Astoria, College Point, Corona, East Elmhurst, Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, and Woodside.
Roughly half of the population of the district is of Hispanic or Latino heritage, making it one of the more Latino districts in New York.
Precinct

A precinct is a closed or clearly marked space which belongs to an organisation. Around some main buildings, such as a cathedral or college, is a space. This space may have other buildings in it, and usually has a wall round it. The whole area has one owner (such as the church). People may only come into the precinct if they are allowed: it is not a public space, even though members of the public may use it. For example, students and staff may enter a college, but visitors will have to give reasons at the entry.
The concept of a precinct is mediaeval. Towns, churches, palaces, colleges were places of limited access. They were surrounded by walls and guarded.
Jahangir

Nuruddin Muhammad Salim (known by his imperial name Jahangir) (31 August 1569 - 28 October 1627) was the fourth Mughal Emperor from 1605 to 1627.
Jahangir was the eldest son of Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great. He was married to Queen Nur Jahan ('Light of the World') and was much under her influence. she handled court matters and coins were issued in her name. He is especially well-known because of his memoirs, the Naam-i-Jahangiri (also called the Jahangir-name by some). His eldest son was Shah Jahan. Prince Khurram rebelled in the last years of his reign. The efforts of Nur Jahan, Jahangir's wife, to marginalize him were unsuccessful.
In 1622, Jahangir sent his son Prince Khurram against the combined forces of Ahmednagar, Bijapur and Golconda. After his son Khurram turned against his father and made a bid for power. As with the insurrection of his eldest son Khusrau Mirza, Jahangir was able to defeat the challenge from within his family and retain power. He conquered many new territories both in the north and in the south especially through his most decorated general, Muhammad Beg Zulfiqar Khan. He died at Mirpur on his way back from Kashmir to Lahore. After his death, Nur Jahan isolated herself and never talked to anyone.
He was buried at Lahore city, now in Pakistan. After his death, by his son and successor Shah Jahan came to power. Shah Jahan killed his father for his desire to be the ruler of the world but couldn't succeed, still military campaigns started by Akbar continued.
He also consumed excessive amounts of opium, at one point employing a special servant just to manage his supply of intoxicating drugs.
Wetback

Wetback is a derogatory term used in the United States to refer to foreign nationals residing in the U.S., most commonly Mexicans. The word mostly targets illegal immigrants in the United States.
Aino-Maija Tikkanen

Aino-Maija Tikkanen (2 November 1927 - 3 March 2014) was a Finnish actress. She appeared in 15 movies between 1954 and 2010. She was born in Turku.
Tikkanen died on 3 March 2014 in Helsinki. She was 86 years old.
Salar de Uyuni

Salar de Uyuni (or Salar de Tunupa) is the world's largest salt flat. It is over in area.
It is in Potosi in southwest Bolivia, near the crest of the Andes at an height of 3,656 metres (11,995 ft) above sea level.
The crust serves as a source of salt and covers a pool of brine, which is exceptionally rich in lithium. It contains 50% to 70% of the world's known lithium reserves. The large area, clear skies, and exceptional flatness of the surface make the Salar ideal for calibrating the altimeters of Earth observation satellites.
Unité de formation et de recherche médicale Paris Île-de-France Ouest

The Unite de formation et de recherche medicale Paris Ile-de-France Ouest (in English Paris Ile-de-France West Medical Research and Training Departement; also called PIFO or Paris Ouest) is a department of the Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines focus on research and training activities in medicine.
West Makira constituency

West Makira is a constituency of the Solomon Islands. It is in the Makira-Ulawa Province.
Jun Tsuji

Jun Tsuji was a Japanese writer who lived from 1884 to 1944. He wrote poems, essays, plays, and translations. He was also a musician, an actor, and a bohemian. He liked to explore different ideas and ways of living. He was interested in Dadaism, Nihilism, Epicureanism, and Anarchism. He translated a book by Max Stirner, who was a German philosopher. He also translated a book by Cesare Lombroso, who was an Italian scientist. He was married to Ito Noe, who was a feminist and an anarchist. He died of hunger during World War II.
Commonwealth of Independent States

The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is the confederation of countries that used to form the Soviet Union.
Establishment
On December 8, 1991, leaders of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine met at the nature reserve called Belovezhskaya Pushcha in Belarus. They discussed the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in place of the Soviet Union. They reached an agreement about many points and signed a document creating the CIS. One of these points stated that the alliance would be open to all the republics of the Soviet Union. Other nations with similar goals could also join the CIS.
Nations
The Soviet Union had 15 republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Georgia, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. On 6th September 1991, the Soviet Union had recognized the independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Out of the remaining 12 republics, all (except Georgia) joined the CIS. Before joining the CIS, on 21st December 1991, leaders of these 11 countries had met in Kazakhstan to accept the original CIS agreement of 8th December 1991. Because Ukraine did not ratify the CIS agreement in the national parliament, it never became an official member of the CIS, but nevertheless participated as a de facto member. In December 1993, Georgia also joined the CIS. On 26th August 2006 Turkmenistan left the permanent membership, and became an associate member. On 15th August 2008 Georgia left the CIS membership, and Georgia's CIS membership officially ended on 17th August 2009. On 19 May 2018, Ukraine, which stopped participating in CIS in 2014 because of its conflict with Russia over Crimea and the Donbas, formally ended all participation in CIS.
With the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Soviet Union ceased to exist. It was the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Many consider that with CIS, Russia continues to have some control over the former republics of the Soviet Union.
Headquarters
The CIS has its headquarters at Minsk, Belarus. An executive director heads the CIS. The CIS is not a successor country to the Soviet Union. The CIS is an organization or alliance of independent countries. It is more like the European Community. The member countries of the CIS had also signed many agreements for economic cooperation and defense cooperation. They have signed other agreements for cooperation in foreign policy and other matters.
Carsten Sieling

Carsten Gunter Erich Sieling (born January 13, 1959 in Nienburg) is a German politician of the SPD. He is the current mayor of the city of Bremen and also head of the state of Bremen.
Previously he was among others a member of the Bundestag from 2009 to 2015.
Since July 15, 2015 he has been the President of the Senate and Mayor of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (head of government of the city-state of Bremen).
Helen Freedhoff

Helen Sarah Freedhoff (January 9, 1940 - June 10, 2017) was a Canadian theoretical physicist who studied the interaction of light with atoms. She was born in Toronto, Ontario.
She gained her doctorate at the University of Toronto in 1965 and completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Imperial College in London. Freedhoff was the first woman appointed as a physics professor at York University in Toronto, and is believed to have been the only woman professor of theoretical physics in Canada at the time. She married Stephen Freedhoff while an undergraduate, and had two children, Michal Freedhoff and Yoni Freedhoff.
Freedhoff died suddenly of cardiac arrest on 10 June 2017 at the family's cottage in Muskoka, Ontario, aged 77.
Brunton Park

Brunton Park is a football (soccer) stadium. The team Carlisle United plays there.
Parts of the stadium burned down in 1953. The ground has flooded twice.
F (New York City Subway service)

The F Queens Boulevard Express/Sixth Avenue Local''' are two rapid transit services in the B division of the New York City Subway . Their route bullets are colored orange , since they use and are part of the IND Sixth Avenue Line in Manhattan.
Operations
The F operates at all times between 179 Street in Jamaica , Queens and Stillwell Avenue in Coney Island , Brooklyn , making all stops except for an express section in Queens between Forest Hills - 71st Avenue and 21st Street - Queensbridge . Some trains terminate at Church Avenue or Kings Highway. Two scheduled rush hour trips in the peak direction run express in Brooklyn between Jay Street - Metrotech and Church Avenue , making one stop in between at Seventh Avenue. This express service was introduced in September 2019. In Brooklyn , local service is denoted as (F) in a circle shaped bullet while express service is donated as <F> in a diamond-shaped bullet.
Equipments
The F trains equipment is the R160A-2 , R160B-1 as the R160B Alstom and R160B-2 as the R160B Siemens , the F train had R46s in the past but they got removed and the F train has R160s now .
Balli Durga Prasad Rao

Balli Durga Prasad Rao (15 June 1956 - 16 September 2020) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India in the 2019 Indian general election. He was a member of the YSR Congress Party. Rao was also a member of the Andhra Pradesh MLA from 1985 to 1989, 1994 to 1999, and 2009 to 2014.
Rao died at a medical center in New Delhi on 16 September 2020 from COVID-19, aged 64.
Kankō

was a after Choho and before Chowa. This period started in July 1004 and ended in December 1012. The reigning emperors were and .
Events of the Kanko Era
17 March 1008 (Kanko 5, 8th day of the 2nd month): The former-Emperor Kazan died at the age of 41.
16 July 1011 (Kanko 8, 13th day of the 6th month): In the 5th year of Emperor Ichijo's reign, he abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his cousin. Soon after, Emperor Sanjo's role as monarch was confirmed in ceremonies (sokui).
25 July 1011 (Kanko 8, 22nd day of the 6th month ): Former-Emperor Ichijo died at the age of 32.
21 November 1011 (Kanko 8, 24th day of the 10th month): Former-Emperor Reizei died at age 62.
Related pages
Heian period
Minneapolis, Kansas

Minneapolis is a city in Ottawa County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Ottawa County. In 2010, 2,032 people lived there.
History
Minneapolis was originally called Markley's Mills. It was renamed Minneapolis about 1871, after Minneapolis, Minnesota. A railroad was built through Minneapolis in 1878.
Minneapolis had its own minor league baseball team called the Minnies in 1905. They also had it from 1908-1909, and again in 1912, alternately as part of the Kansas State League or Central Kansas League.
Geography
Minneapolis is at (39.124719, -97.705209). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
Area attractions
Rock City park is southwest of Minneapolis.
People
Minneapolis is part of the Salina Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 2,032 people, 832 households, and 528 families living in Minneapolis.
Famous people
George Washington Carver, who lived in the vicinity for a brief period.
Body modification

Body modification (or body alteration) is when a person changes their body in a way that lasts forever or for a long time. There are many different kinds of body modification, like piercing, circumcision, or tattoos. Almost all cultures do some kind of body modification.
Arguments
People who do not like body modification sometimes call it "disfigurement" or "mutilation." They believe that if someone changes their body, it is wrong and they are doing something dangerous or unethical.
Why people do body modification
Body modification is done for different reasons. Religions might tell people that they should change their bodies to look a certain way. Other people with body modifications might just like the way the body modifications look, or how they feel good during sex.
Kinds of body modification
Common body modification
Body piercing is when a hole is made through the skin, and a piece of jewelry is put into the hole. Some piercings can be stretched so they fit larger, thicker kinds of jewelry.
Tattooing is when ink is put under the skin to make a picture. Whole body tatooing and tattooing of the lips and eyes would be thought extreme by some.
Scarification is when part of the skin is removed to create a scar.
Branding is when the skin is burned to create a scar.
"Extreme" body modification
Tongue splitting is when a person's tongue is split in two like a snake's.
Subdermal implant is when a small object is placed right underneath a person's skin.
Transdermal implant is when a small object is placed underneath a person's skin, but part of it pokes out of the skin and is visible.
Extra ocular implant (eye jewellery) is when a tiny chip of metal is placed in someone's eye.
Other body modification
Amputation is when a body part is cut off.
Sidewise Award for Alternate History

The Sidewise Awards for Alternate History were established in 1995. These awards are for the best alternate history stories and novels of the year.
The awards are named after the 1934 short story "Sidewise in Time" by Murray Leinster. In the story, a strange storm makes parts of the Earth exchange places with similar places from other timelines.
Steven H Silver, Evelyn C. Leeper, and Robert B. Schmunk created the award. The number of judges has changed in different years. There have been three to eight judges, including judges in the UK and South Africa.
There are two Sideways awards. The Short-Form award is for writing that is shorter than 60,000 words. The Long-Form award may be for writing that is longer than 60,000 words. This can include a novel or a complete series of novels. The judges may also give a Special Achievement Award, but this is not required every year. Special Achievement awards are for writing that was published befor1995. The awards are given each year, usually at Worldcon.
Joseph Parry (politician)

Joseph Walcott Parry is a Saint Kitts and Nevis politician. He was President of Nevis Cricket association and a representative on the Leeward Islands Cricket Association. He was the Premier of Nevis from 2006 until 2013.
Jules Wright (politician)

Jules Winslow Wright (August 21, 1933 - January 11, 2022) was an American businessman and politician. He was born in Nenana, Alaska. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives between 1967 until 1969. Wright was a member of the Republican Party.
Wright died on January 11, 2022 in Wasilla, Alaska at the age of 88.
Henri Teissier

Henri Antoine Marie Teissier (21 July 1929 - 1 December 2020) was a French-Algerian Catholic prelate. He was the Bishop of Algiers and Archbishop Emeritus of Algiers from 1998 to 2008. He was born in Lyon, France.
Teissier died on 1 December 2020 at a hospital in Lyon from problems caused by multiple strokes at the age of 91.
Macbeth (1908 movie)

Macbeth is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by James Stuart Blackton and stars William Ranous, Paul Panzer, and Charles Kent. The movie is based on the William Shakespeare play of the same name.
Anne of Cleves

Anne of Cleves (22 September 1515 - 16 July 1557) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII of England from January 1540 to July 1540.
Biography
She was the daughter of John III, Duke of Cleves and Maria of Julich Berg. She was born in Dusseldorf on 22 September 1515.
She was betrothed to Francis, the Duke of Lorraine, but she ended up marrying Henry VIII in January 1540. When the couple met for the first time, they did not like each other.
Henry VIII got married six times. Except for Anne of Cleves, Henry knew all of his wives for a long time before marrying them. Henry decided to marry Anne so England and the Protestant League would be allies. It was a political marriage. Henry also knew that having more than one son would be good, in case his and Jane Seymour's son, Edward, died. So he also married Anne so he could have more children.
Hans Holbein painted a beautiful picture of Anne of Cleves and showed it to Henry. One of the reasons Henry decided to marry Anne (instead of her sister Amelia) was because she looked so beautiful in her portrait. When Anne's ship landed in England, Henry decided to sneak out to meet her early. He brought a few of his friends and servants with him. Henry dressed in the exact same clothes as the servants, and they all came into the room where Anne was waiting with her women. Henry was acting out a story from the tradition of courtly love in which a man goes to see a woman while he is disguised as a servant, and she recognizes him because of the magic of true love. Almost everyone in the courts of England and France knew this story. But Anne grew up in a strict German court. She did not know that the man dressed as a servant was King Henry, playing a game. She spoke to him like a real servant. Henry was very embarrassed.
Henry started complaining that Anne was not pretty. He said that he could not have sexual intercourse with her because she had "bad breath" and smelled. Anne's previous engagement to the Duke of Lorraine was used as an excuse for a divorce, and Anne agreed to it. In July 1540 Henry divorced Anne and married Catherine Howard, who was younger and prettier.
After the divorce
After the divorce, Henry made Anne his "sister" and gave her money and land for the rest of her life. As part of her divorce agreement, Henry gave Anne Hever Castle to live in. Anne invited Henry's daughters Mary and Elizabeth to visit her at Hever Castle. King Henry visited her too. In 1541, there were rumors that King Henry had gotten his ex-wife Anne pregnant, but historians do not think this is true.
After Henry died, Anne did not have enough money. His son, Edward VI, did not give her the same generous sums.
Anne of Cleves died on July 16, 1557 when she was 41 years old. She was the last of Henry's six wives to die, as she outlived his sixth wife, Catherine Parr, by nearly nine years. Anne was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Hubert Maga

Coutoucou Hubert Maga (August 10, 1916 - May 8, 2000) was a Beninese politician. He was the 1st President of Benin from 1960 to 1963. He also was Prime Minister of Benin.
Benito Orgiana

Benito Orgiana (10 February 1938 - 2 April 2021) was an Italian politician. He was born in Orroli, Italy. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1992 until 1994. He was a member of the Italian Republican Party. He was a cofounder of the Fortza Paris party.
Orgiana died on 2 April 2021, aged 83.
Cheung Chau

Cheung Chau is an island of Hong Kong. It is a famous scenic spot of Hong Kong. Each year, the Cheung Chau Bun Festival is held there.
Cheung Chau is located between Lamma Island and Lantau Island.
Thrice

Thrice is an American experimental rock band formed in 1998. They are always changing their sound from different albums. The four members in Thrice are the same four people as when they started 10 years ago.
In 2004, the band released a DVD about the band. In the DVD, it talks about the members. They talk about experiences with touring and being in the band. They also talk about their ideas about the future direction of the music.
Dustin Kensrue, the lead singer for the band, released a solo album in 2007.
Most recently, Thrice have released a four disc album titled The Alchemy Index (volumes Earth, Fire, Water and Air). At the end of each disc, there is a song written in a similar poem style. The last line in that song is always sung in the same way.
Ravagers (movie)

Ravagers is a 1979 American science fiction action movie directed by Richard Compton and was based on the 1966 novel Path to Savagery by Robert Edmond Alter. It stars Richard Harris, Ernest Borgnine, Anthony James, Ann Turkel, Alana Stewart, Seymour Cassel and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Engelbert Humperdinck

Engelbert Humperdinck may refer to:
Engelbert Humperdinck (composer) (1854-1921), German composer
Engelbert Humperdinck (singer) (born 1936), English pop singer
Engelbert Humperdinck (album)
Homer Martin Adkins

Homer Martin Adkins (October 15, 1890 - February 26, 1964) was an American Democratic politician who was the Governor of Arkansas between 1941 and 1945.
Hatfield, Herefordshire

Hatfield is a small village near Leominster in Herefordshire. In the village is a caravan site called Fair View caravan site. It has a small church called Hatfield St. Leonard, built . It is of Norman design. It is built of local sandstone. Other nearby hamlets and towns include Bockleton, Bromyard and Leominister. The city of Hereford is south of Hatfield. The Herefordshire Trail (walking trail) runs through the village.
SMT

SMT may refer to:
Smt., abbreviation for seamount
Simultaneous multithreading
Surface-mount technology
San Miguel de Tucuman, city in Tucuman province, Argentina
Michael Jayston

Michael James (born 29 October 1935), known professionally as Michael Jayston, is an English actor. He played The Valeyard in the 1986 Doctor Who serial The Trial of a Time Lord. He also played in a radio version of the novel You Only Live Twice in 1990, performing James Bond. He also appeared in the BBC comedy series Only Fools and Horses in 1996, playing Raquel's father.
Astyanax

Astyanax is a person in Greek mythology. He is the son of Hector of Troy and Andromache. He is killed at the end of the Trojan War by Neoptolemus, so he could not be a new king of Troy, or want revenge.
Vadym Tyshchenko

Vadym Tyshchenko or Vadim Nikolayevich Tishchenko (24 March 1963 - 14 December 2015) was a Soviet and Ukrainian association football player and coach.
Tyshchenko made his debut for USSR on 29 August 1987 in a friendly game against Yugoslavia. He played in UEFA Euro 1988, but was not selected for the squad for that tournament or for the 1990 FIFA World Cup.
Tyshchenko died in Kiev, Ukraine from a heart attack at the age of 52.
Italian Plague of 1629-1631

The Italian Plague of 1629-1631 was a group times when many people in northern Italy caught bubonic plague from 1629 to 1631. This epidemic, often called the Great Plague of Milan, killed about 280,000 people. Very many people died in the cities in Lombardy. This was one of the last outbreaks of the pandemic of bubonic plague that began with the Black Death.
German and French soldiers carried the plague to the city of Mantua in 1629 because of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). Venetian troops, infected with the disease, retreated into northern and central Italy, spreading the disease to more people.
In October 1629, the plague reached Milan, Lombardy's commercial center. In the city Milan, it killed about 64,000 people, which was 25% of Milan's people. It killed between 12% and 60% of all the people in Italy. The papal city of Bologna lost an estimated 15,000 citizens to the plague, with neighboring smaller cities of Modena and Parma also being heavily affected. This outbreak of plague also spread north into Tyrol, an alpine region of western Austria and northern Italy.
Later outbreaks of bubonic plague in Italy include the city of Florence in 1630-1633 and the areas surrounding Naples, Rome and Genoa in 1656-1657.
Windows Media Center

Windows Media Center is a discontinued video recorder that was developed by the Microsoft Corporation and released for Windows XP Media Center Edition, also known as the Media Center Update. It can be used in Windows Vista in Home Premium and Ultimate edition and Windows 7 in Home Premium, Professional, Ultimate and Enterprise edition.
In 2012, Microsoft launched Windows Media Center for Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 from the Pro edition. After Microsoft's Windows 10 release on July 29, 2015, Microsoft discontinued Windows Media Center because Microsoft no longer installs Windows Media Center for Windows 10. Still, users can download a modified Windows Media Center application from an unofficial source for the Windows 10 operating system.
Operating systems
Windows XP Media Center Edition
Microsoft included Windows Media Center in Windows XP in Media Center Edition when it was announced on 2002. After releasing Windows XP Media Center Edition, the first software in Windows XP changed when it officially released. In Service Pack 1, new updates allowed users to use Windows Media Center to choose a CD-DVD Drive in Windows Media Player, instead of including a Windows DVD Player app.
Windows Vista
Microsoft launched Windows Vista with Windows Media Center in Home Premium and Ultimate edition. In 2006, Microsoft developed a Windows Media Center Update on Windows Vista RTM version. Windows Media Center Update allowed users to choose like Media Center 2002 and 2005 in Home Premium edition for Windows Vista, also like changed Windows Media Player and Windows DVD Maker.
Windows 7
Microsoft launched Windows Media Center for Windows 7 for all editions except Starter and Home Basic.
Windows 8 and Windows 8.1
In the Windows 8 and 8.1 operating system, Microsoft included Windows Media Center for the Professional edition with Media Center and Pro edition, but did not include Windows Live Essentials like Windows 7 and Windows Vista Media Center.
Windows 10
Microsoft has not launched Windows Media Center for the Windows 10 operating system because Microsoft no longer supports Windows Media Center.
Windows Media Center can be downloaded for all Microsoft Windows 10 editions. However, it is not officially supported or maintained by Microsoft.
Enrique Tábara

Luis Enrique Tabara (21 February 1930 - 25 January 2021) was an Ecuadorian painter and teacher. He was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador. He was inspired by the Constructivist Movement. He also painted many works with Joaquin Torres Garcia and Manuel Rendon.
Tabara died on 25 January 2021 in Guayaquil, aged 90.
Gleiritsch

Gleiritsch is a municipality in Schwandorf in Bavaria, Germany.
Newport County, Rhode Island

Newport County is one of five counties located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 85,643. It is also one of the seven regions of Rhode Island. The county was created in 1703.
Urhobo people

The Urhobo people are an ethnic group in southern Nigeria in Delta State. They are the major ethnic group in Delta State. The Urhobo people speak the Urhobo language.
Notable people
Peter Palmer Ekeh, Nigerian sociologist and university teacher
Peter Etebo, Nigerian football player
Kefee, gospel singer and composer
Tanure Ojaide, poet and writer
Bruce Onobrakpeya, visual artist, sculptor and painter
Tracy Chapele, Nigerian journalist
Location
Professor Peter Palmer Ekeh, Founder of Urhobo Historical Society wrote in his book: Studies in Urhobo Culture, that "Urhobo is [...] in the Atlantic forest belt that stretches from Senegal in West Africa to Angola in central Africa. Historically, this region was the most pristine in all of Africa. Until the Portuguese burst into its territories in the late fifteenth century, its forest peoples cultivated their own forms of civilization, untouched by outside influences. This forest belt of western Africa was reached neither by ancient Christian influences, which had a large foothold in North Africa, nor by Islamic forces that came as far south as Hausaland by the eleventh century. While East Africa and even Central Africa were touched by Asian and Arab influences from across the Indian Ocean, as the amalgam of Swahili bears out, no similar trans-Atlantic influences breached the forest belt until the Portuguese arrival in the late fifteenth century".
Marriage
Before marriage in Urhobo culture is said to properly contracted, prayers must be offered to the ancestors (Erivwin) and God (Oghene). The bride's father offers a prayer and blessing in the native dialect for the couple.
At this point, the bride sits on the husband's lap. The blessed drink is handed to the husband who drinks first; he then hands it to his wife to drink. The wife would drink and pass it back to her husband to finish, as a sign of respect. Then only are they declared husband and wife.
AirTag

AirTag is an accessory that helps you find objects. Preorders began on 23 Apr 2021. It was released on 30 Apr 2021, at the price of PS29 each or PS99 for 4 pack. It has an optional emoji in it. It is IP67 water- and dust-resistant, up to a depth of for up to 30 minutes. It comes with a CR2032 battery which last for 1 year. It has a diameter of and thickness of , and it weighs .
Requirements
Any iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch with iOS/iPadOS 14.5 or later.
Hubble Extreme Deep Field

The Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (XDF) is an image of a small part of space in the center of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. It is in the direction of the constellation Fornax. The image shows the deepest optical view into space.
The XDF image was released on September 25, 2012. The image combined 10 years of images. It shows galaxies that are over 13.2 billion years old. The exposure time was two million seconds, or about 23 days. The least bright galaxies are one ten-billionth the brightness of what the human eye can see. Many of the smaller galaxies are very young galaxies. Some of them became the major galaxies, like the Milky Way and other galaxies in our galactic neighborhood.
The Hubble eXtreme Deep Field adds another 5,500 galaxies to Hubble's 2003 and 2004 view into a very small part of the farthest universe.
Raymond Roseliep

Raymond Roseliep (August 11, 1917 - December 6, 1983) was a poet. He wrote haiku. He was a Catholic priest. He has been described as "the John Donne of Western haiku".
Polly Scattergood

Polly Scattergood (born 18 October 1986, Colchester, Essex, England), is a British singer-songwriter. She went to the BRIT School.
Career
Her first album, Polly Scattergood, was released by Mute Records in 2009. Her second album Arrows was released in October 2013. It took three and a half years to make. The first single from Arrows, "Wanderlust", was released in April 2013. On January 21 2014 the video for "Subsequently Lost" was posted on Vimeo. She has remixed "Reunion" by M83 and "You Will Find A Way" by Maps.
County Donegal

Donegal is a county in Ulster, Ireland. It is north of Leitrim and east of Northern Ireland.
Ali Habib Mahmud

Ali Habib Mahmud (; 1 January 1939 - 20 March 2020) was a Syrian military officer. He was Syria's Minister of Defense from June 2009 to August 2011. He was part of President Bashar al-Assad's inner circle. He was also Chief of Staff of the Syrian Army from 2004 to 2009.
In May 2011, the United States accused Habib of human rights abuses, and announced a travel ban and asset freeze.
Mahmud died on 20 March 2020 at the age of 81.
Christopher Koch

Christopher John Koch AO (16 July 1932 - 23 September 2013) was an Australian novelist. He is best known for his 1978 novel The Year of Living Dangerously, which was made into an award-winning movie.
He won the Miles Franklin Award twice; The Doubleman in 1985, and Highways to a War in 1996. In 1995 he was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for contribution to Australian literature.
Koch was born in Hobart, Tasmania in 16 July 1932. He was educated at Clemes College, St Virgil's College, Hobart High School and the University of Tasmania.
Koch died at his home in Hobart on 23 September 2013, aged 81. He had been diagnosed with prostate cancer twelve months earlier.
Meatball

A meatball is meat that is ground up (finely cut), mixed with other ingredients, then shaped like a ball. Most meatballs are made out of beef. Meatballs can also be made out of chicken, fish, or other kinds of meat. The other ingredients (parts) are usually bread, onion, and eggs. Meatballs can be cooked by frying, baking, or steaming them. Meatballs are sometimes served with pasta or in a sauce. Meatballs originated from Turkey. There are many types of meatball like foggots, polpette, albondigas etc.
Privacy by design

Privacy by design (PbD) is an idea in systems engineering and information technology.
In privacy by design, the engineers build the system so that it keeps information private starting at the beginning instead of building the system and then adding privacy protection later. In privacy by design, the designers treat privacy protection as just as important as other parts of the design.
History
Dr. Ann Cavoukian first said the term "Privacy by Design" when she was the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario, Canada. Dr. Cavoukian later wrote about the "7 foundational principles" of privacy by design in the 1990s.
The European GDPR regulation incorporates privacy by design which revolves around the following foundational principles:
Foundational principles
Privacy by Design is based on seven foundational principles
Privacy First
Privacy as the default setting
Privacy inside of design
Full functionality
End-to-end security
Keep it open
Keep user centered
The authors of more than five hundred other articles have talked about these principles by citing the white paper "Privacy by Design in Law, Policy and Practice" by Ann Cavoukian. Privacy by Design is accepted as the gold standard internationally.
London Midland

London Midland was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. It ran of track and served 146 stations. During 2007, it carried 591.5 million passengers. London Midland operated the West Midlands franchise between 2007 and 2017.
In August 2017 the franchise was awarded to a new train operating company, West Midlands Trains, who took over on 10 December 2017.
Jizz in My Pants

"Jizz in My Pants" (also known as "J*** in My Pants") is a comedy sketch that was performed on YouTube and the television show Saturday Night Live on 6 December 2008. The sketch was made into the music video for a song by The Lonely Island. It is from their debut album, Incredibad. The video stars band members Andy Samberg, Jorma Taccone and Akiva Schaffer. It also features Justin Timberlake, Molly Sims and Jamie-Lynn Sigler. "Jizz in My Pants" has been viewed over 117 million times on YouTube, .
Beek

Beek is a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. In 2019, 15,929 people lived there.
Eurico Miranda

Eurico Angelo de Oliveira Miranda (7 June 1944 - 12 March 2019) was a Brazilian politician and sports businessman. He was president of Vasco da Gama from 2014 until 17 January 2018. He was president of Vasco da Gama between 2001 and 2008. In politics, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1995 to 2002.
Miranda died on 12 March 2019 in Rio de Janeiro from brain cancer, aged 74.
Salleh Abas

Mohamed Salleh bin Abas (25 August 1929 - 16 January 2021) was a Malaysian politician and lawyer. He was Lord President of the Supreme Court of Malaysia from 1984 to 1988. From 1999 to 2004, he was a member of the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly. Abas was a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party.
Abas died on 16 January 2021 at a hospital in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia from COVID-19 at the age of 91.
Prescott, Arizona

Prescott ( ) is a city in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. According to the 2010 Census, the population of the city is 39,843. The city is the county seat of Yavapai County.
In 1864 Prescott was designated as the capital of the Arizona Territory. The Territorial Capital was moved to Tucson in 1867. Prescott again became the Territorial Capital in 1877, until Phoenix became the capital in 1889.
Mamlakat Yusupova

Mamlakat Saidakhmadovna Yusupova (nee - Aripbayeva; ; born October 31, 1948, Andijan, Andijan region, Uzbek SSR, USSR ) -- National Teacher of Uzbekistan (2009), Honored Worker of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan (2006), Excellence in Public Education of Uzbekistan (2009), holder of the Order "20 Years of Independence of Uzbekistan" . Head of the kindergarten No. 9 of the city of Andijan (1990--2017).
Biography
Mamlakat Yusupova was born on October 31, 1948 in Andijan. After leaving school in 1973, she entered the Andijan State University as a teacher. After training, she began teaching activities.
2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase

The 2017-18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase was a knockout stage which began on 13 February and ended on 16 May 2018 with the last game at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais in Decines-Charpieu, France, to decide the champions of the 2017-18 UEFA Europa League. A total of 32 teams compete in the knockout stage.
Round and draw dates
The schedule of the knockout phase was as follows (all draws were held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland).
Matches where also be played on Tuesdays or Wednesdays instead of the normal Thursdays due to scheduling conflicts.
Qualified teams
Europa League group stage winners and runners-up
Champions League group stage third-placed teams
Round of 32
The draw for the round of 32 was held on 11 December 2017, 13:00 CET.
Summary
The first legs were played on 13 and 15 February, and the second legs were played on 21 and 22 February 2018.
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Matches
Borussia Dortmund won 4-3 on aggregate.
Lokomotiv Moscow won 4-2 on aggregate.
Atletico Madrid won 5-1 on aggregate.
Athletic Bilbao won 4-3 on aggregate.
1-1 on aggregate. Dynamo Kyiv won on away goals.
Zenit Saint Petersburg won 3-1 on aggregate.
3-3 on aggregate. RB Leipzig won on away goals.
CSKA
CSKA Moscow won 1-0 on aggregate.
Lyon won 4-1 on aggregate.
Red Bull Salzburg won 4-3 on aggregate.
Viktoria Plzen won 3-1 on aggregate.
Lazio won 5-2 on aggregate.
Milan won 4-0 on aggregate.
Sporting CP won 6-4 on aggregate.
Arsenal won 4-2 on aggregate.
Marseille won 3-1 on aggregate.
Round of 16
The draw for the round of 16 was held on 23 February 2018, 13:00 CET.
Summary
The first legs were played on 8 March, and the second legs were played on 15 March 2018.
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Matches
Lazio won 4-2 on aggregate.
RB Leipzig won 3-2 on aggregate.
Atletico Madrid won 8-1 on aggregate.
3-3 on aggregate. CSKA Moscow won on away goals.
Marseille won 5-2 on aggregate.
Sporting CP won 3-2 on aggregate.
Red Bull Salzburg won 2-1 on aggregate.
Arsenal won 5-1 on aggregate.
Quarter-finals
The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 16 March 2018, 13:00 CET.
For the first time since the 2004-05 UEFA Cup, all the eight teams at this stage represented different national associations.
Summary
The first legs were played on 5 April, and the second legs were played on 12 April 2018.
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Matches
Marseille won 5-3 on aggregate.
Arsenal won 6-3 on aggregate.
Atletico Madrid won 2-1 on aggregate.
Red Bull Salzburg won 6-5 on aggregate.
Semi-finals
The draw for the semi-finals was held on 13 April 2018, 12:00 CEST.
Summary
The first legs were played on 26 April, and the second legs were played on 3 May 2018.
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Matches
Marseille won 3-2 on aggregate.
Atletico Madrid won 2-1 on aggregate.
Final
The final was played at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais in Decines-Charpieu on 16 May 2018. The "home" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw.