kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Jhelum

Jhelum (Urdu and ) is a city on the right bank of the Jhelum River, in the district of the same name in the north of Punjab province, Pakistan. Jhelum is known for providing a large number of soldiers to the British and later to the Pakistan armed forces due to which it is also known as city of soldiers or land of martyrs.
North Panjab, Greater Pothwar or Panjistan region
This area is sometimes called North Panjab, Upper Panjab, Greater Pothohar/Extended Pothwar (or occasionally Hazara region), and nowadays more specifically and correctly known as Panjistan Country and when it is combined with Mirpuri, Poonchi (in Kashmir) and (Southern) Hindko localities (mostly Hazara) is also known as Panjistani belt.
Modern Panjistani
The Panjistani language (as originally formulated by Mohammad Afzal UK (1987) and some others) was formerly called North Panjabi, Mirpuri, Poonchi, Pothwari, Chakwali, Hindko, Pahari, Upper Panjabi, Northern Lahnda, etc. In Jhelum it is spoken with the local accent or dialect known as Jhelumi.
Demand for Panjistan province recently
These political parties namely the Panjistan Freedom Party (PFP) Panjistan National Party (PNP) Panjistan Communist Party (PCP) Panjistan Republican Party (PRP) Panjistan Democratic Front (PDF) Panjistan Popular Front (PPF) Panjistan Socialist Party (PSP) Panjistan Unionist party (PUP) Panjistan National Unity Party (PNUP) Panjistan Democratic party (PDP) Panjistan workers party (PWP) Panjistan Social Democratic Party (PSDP) and these major socio-cultural groupings called Panjistani language movement (PLM) Panjistani language board (PLB) Panjistani Literary Forum (PLF) Panjistani language Society (PLS) and Just for Panjistani Commission (JPC) want the creation of North Panjab or Panjistan province and recently formed the Charter of Panjistani council (or CPC).
Ulrich Biesinger

Ulrich Biesinger (born 6 August 1933 -- 16 June 2011) was a German football player. He played for the West German national team that won the 1954 FIFA World Cup. He played seven matches for West Germany and scored two goals.
Arrondissement of Briançon

The arrondissement of Briancon is a French arrondissement in the Hautes-Alpes department, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Briancon.
History
When the Hautes-Alpes department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Briancon was part of that original department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Briancon is the most northern of the Hautes-Alpes department. It is bordered to the east by the Piedmont region (Italy), to the southeast by the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, to the south by the Gap arrondissement, to the west by the Drome department and to the north by the Savoie department.
The arrondissement of Briancon is the smallest of the two arrondissements of the department both in area, , and population (35,752 inhabitants).
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
Himalayan salt

Himalayan salt is rock salt (halite) mined from the Punjab region of the Indus Valley Plains of Pakistan. The salt, which often has a pinkish tint due to trace minerals. Himalayan salt is mined from the Salt Range mountains, It is naturally considered as the "National Mineral of Pakistan" respectively.
It is also used to make "salt lamps" that radiate a pinkish or orangish hue, manufactured by placing a light source within the hollowed-out interior of a block of Himalayan salt. Claims that their use results in the release of ions that benefit health are without foundation.
Fuji-Q Highland

Fuji-Q Highland is an amusement park the Japan close to the base of Mount Fuji. The park has two haunted house attractions, six roller coasters, a children's playground themed on the show Thomas the Tank Engine and others.
Columbian Exchange

The Columbian Exchange, sometimes called the Grand Exchange was the exchange of goods and ideas from Europe, Africa, and Asia and goods and ideas from the Americas. It also spread different diseases. It started in 1492 when Christopher Columbus arrived in the West Indies (North America).
This exchange of plants and animals changed European, American, African, and Asian ways of life. Foods that had never been seen before by people became a major part of what they ate. For example, before 1492, no potatoes were grown outside of South America. By the 1840s, Ireland was so dependent on the potato that a diseased crop led to the devastating Irish Potato Famine. The first European import to the Americas, the horse, changed the lives of many Native American tribes on the Great Plains, letting them to change to a nomadic lifestyle based on hunting bison on horseback. Italy became famous for its Tomato sauce, made from New World tomatoes, while coffee from Africa and sugarcane from Asia became the main crops of very large Latin American plantations. Also the chili and paprika from South America was introduced in India by the Portuguese and it is today an important part of Indian cuisine.
Before the Columbian Exchange, there were no oranges in Florida, no bananas in Ecuador, no paprika in Hungary, no zucchini in Italy, no pineapples in Hawaii, no rubber trees in Africa, no cattle in Texas, no chili peppers in Thailand and India, no cigarettes in France and no chocolate in Switzerland. Even the dandelion was brought to America by Europeans for use as an herb.
Before there was regular communication between the two hemispheres, the different types of domesticated animals and diseases were more numerous in the Old World than in the New. This partly led to the horrible effects of Old World diseases on Native American tribes. Smallpox probably caused in the highest death toll for Native Americans.
Barely any civilization on earth stayed the same by this global ecological exchange.
Wii Zapper

The Wii Zapper is a light gun add-on for the Wii Remote made for the Wii game console. It was first released in Japan on October 25, 2007 with Ghost Squad. It was later released in a package with Link's Crossbow Training, a shooter video game based on The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess. It was released in North America on November 19, 2007, in Europe on December 7, 2007, and in Australia on December 13, 2007. It allows players to aim at the screen and hit targets. To hit targets, players have to point the device at the television and pull the trigger. It is mainly used for shooter games, including first-person shooters and third-person shooters. The name is a reference to the NES Zapper, a light gun accessory released for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
Kusunoki Masashige

was a 14th century samurai from Kawachi Province. He fought for Emperor Go-Daigo. The warrior's conduct and death are recognized as examples of bushido.
Battle planner
Kusunoki was a brilliant tactician and strategist. He defended two key Loyalist fortresses at Akasaka and Chihaya. This helped Go-Daigo to briefly return to power. However, one of the loyalist generals, Ashikaga Takauji, betrayed Go-Daigo. Ashikaga led an army against Kusunoki and the remaining loyalists. Kusunoki suggested to the Emperor that they hide on sacred Mount Hiei and allow Takauji to take Kyoto. Later, they could move quickly down from the mountain to trap Ashikaga and destroy him.
Disaster
Go-Daigo would not leave the capital. He insisted that Kusunoki meet Ashikaga's larger army forces in the field in a direct battle. Kusunoki obediently accepted his Emperor's foolish command. This became a great example of loyalty. He left his death poem with his young son Masatsura and knowingly marched his army into almost certain death. The battle took place at Minatogawa in modern-day Chuo-ku, Kobe. It was a tactical disaster. Kusunoki had only 73 of the original 700 horsemen left and was surrounded. He committed suicide along with his brother Masasue, 11 close clan members, and 60 others. According to legend, his brother's last words were Shichisei Hokoku! (Qi Sheng Bao Guo ; "Would that I had seven lives to give for my country!") and Kusunoki Masashige agreed.
After his death
Kusunoki Masashige's son, Kusunoki Masatsura, served the next emperor, the 12-year old Go-Murukami. These two had a trusting relationship like their fathers. Masatsura died alongside his brother Masatoki and cousin Wada Takahide in battle. That was the end of the Kusunoki clan.
Kusunoki Masashige's successful defense of Chihaya castle is believed to have helped the emperor gain power against the Kamakura bakufu. Kusunoki held out so long in his castle, so Ashikaga Takauji changed sides and helped the emperor. The Kamakura bakufu ended. However, Ashikaga Takauji quickly learned that he did not like following the emperor's commands. He changed loyalty again and established his own Ashikaga bakufu. He was able to establish his own shogunate after defeating Kusunoki Masashige and the commander in chief Yoshisada in the final battle. Kusunoki Masashige tried to bring Ashikaga Takauji back to the emperor's side, but the emperor rejected this plan.
Legacy
Kusunoki's life and death are an important part of the historical narrative which is recorded in the Taiheiki.
Warren "Pete" Moore

Warren "Pete" Moore (November 19, 1939 - November 19, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and record producer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was known as the bass singer for Motown group The Miracles from 1955 onwards.
Moore was one of the group's original members. He was also a 2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee, and a BMI and ASCAP award-winning songwriter, and was the vocal arranger on all of the group's hits.
Moore died on his 78th birthday in Las Vegas, Nevada on November 19, 2017.
Electric utility

An electric utility is a company in the electric power industry (often a public utility). This kind of company does electricity generation and distribution of electricity for sale generally in a regulated market. The electrical utility industry is a major provider of energy in most countries.
Electric utilities are facing increasing demands including aging infrastructure, reliability, and regulation.
The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant

The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant () is a 1972 West German drama movie directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder and based on his own play. It stars Margit Carstensen, Irm Hermann, Hanna Schygulla, Eva Mattes, Gisela Fackeldey and was distributed by New Yorker Films.
Stephen G. Olmstead

Stephen Goodwin Olmstead (November 10, 1929 - July 20, 2022) was an American Marine Corps Lieutenant General. He was the was Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Drug Policy and Enforcement and the Director of the Department of Defense Task Force on Drug Enforcement. Olmstead was born in Albany, New York.
Olmstead died on July 20, 2022 at a hospital in Annandale, Virginia at the age of 92.
Hawk Junction

Hawk Junction is a community with a local services board in the Canadian province of Ontario, found just north of Highway 101, about east of Wawa.
The community was made by people of Italian, Scottish and French ancestry in 1909 when the Algoma Central Railway was made through the area. In 1923-1924 it was destroyed by fire. The community was rebuilt and is now a terminal for the Algoma Central Railway.
In September 2017, the last business, the Big Bear Hotel closed, leaving Hawk Junction without any services. Residents had needed to drive to the town of Wawa for any services. It is a popular starting point for wilderness hunting and fishing trips. During the winter Hawk Junction is a major snowmobile drop off point. The Big Bear has now recently reopened its doors under a new owner.
Geoff Makhubo

Moloantoa Geoffrey Makhubo (8 February 1968 - 9 July 2021) was a South African politician. He was the Mayor of Johannesburg from December 2019 until his death from COVID-19 in July 2021. He was a member of the African National Congress.
Makhubo died of COVID-19 on 9 July 2021 in Johannesburg, aged 53.
Japanese dragon

A Japanese dragon, also known as is a mythical animal from Japan.
Like other creatures called dragons, the Ryu is a big, fantastic animal that looks similar to a serpent, and is related to the Chinese long and the Korean yong. Like all these Asian dragons, it is shown without wings, has legs with claws, and usually lives in the ocean, the clouds, or heavens. Japanese dragons do not fly as often as the Chinese one, which is the reason why they usually appear much more like serpents. The ryu in art has only three toes, instead of the long's five or the yong's four.
Japanese dragons usually live in the sea. This is because Japan is an island, and the sea is present in most of its geography.
Ryu originated from China and is one of the four creatures from heavens of Japanese mythology (the other three are the phoenix, turtle and tiger). It has often been the symbol of the Emperor or of a hero.
Dragons in Japanese mythology
In Japanese mythology, one of the first dragons is the Yamata-no-Orochi, a very big serpent with eight heads and eight tails. The serpent ate girls, and it was killed by Susanoo after Susanoo tricked the creature into becoming drunk on sake.
Dragons in later Japanese folklore were often good, perhaps because of influence from Chinese culture. In Urashima Taro, the main character rescues a turtle which turns out to be the son of Ryujin, the dragon king of the ocean.
Edie Brickell

Edie Arlisa Brickell (born March 10 1966) is an American singer and recording artist. She performs pop-rock music. She was very popular in the late 1980s. Brickell was born in Dallas, Texas. She is married to singer and songwriter Paul Simon. In 2013 she recorded an album with comedian Steve Martin.
Naoko Nishigai

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Nishigai was born on January 22, 1969. She played for Nikko Securities Dream Ladies and OKI FC Winds. She was selected Best Eleven in 1998 season.
On May 2, 1999, when Nishigai was 30 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She was a member of Japan for 1999 World Cup. She played 2 games for Japan in 1999.
Rhacophorus modestus

Boulenger's flying frog (Rhacophorus modestus) is a frog. It lives in Sumatra in Indonesia.
Bronisław Dankowski

Bronislaw Dankowski (22 August 1944 - 2 December 2020) was a Polish politician. He was a member of the Sejm from 1997 to 2005. He was a member of the Democratic Left Alliance.
Dankowski died on 2 December 2020 at the age of 76.
Raees (2017 movie)

Raees ( Rich) is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language action film directed by Rahul Dholakia and produced by Gauri Khan, Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar under their banners Red Chillies Entertainment and Excel Entertainment. It stars Shah Rukh Khan, Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Mahira Khan.
The film was released on 25 January 2017 during India's Republic Day weekend. It received overall positive reviews from the critics and was a success at box office. It was also the highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2017. Raees was also the most popular Hindi film of 2017. The film's soundtrack was also popular with over 1.5 billion streams on YouTube. The film received five nominations at the 63rd Filmfare Awards, including Best Actor for Khan.
Final Solution

The Final Solution (German: Die Endlosung) was a plan made by the Nazi Germany to kill millions of Jews and Gypsies (Roma and Sinti people of Romania and many other European countries) during World War II. On July 31 1941, Nazi Luftwaffe leader Hermann Goering ordered the SS to make plans for a "complete solution of the Jewish question." At first people were simply shot dead, but in the autumn of 1941 the SS and police began using mobile killing vans. People were locked into the back of trucks which had been changed to allow the exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide to enter. The people sealed in the back of the truck were gassed which lead to them unfortunately dying a horrible death.
Heinrich Himmler brought in a plan known as Operation Reinhard, named after SS General Reinhard Heydrich, who had been killed by Czech soldiers. Three camps were set up in Poland for the purpose of killing people. These were at Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka. In 1942 more death camps were set up in Poland at Majdanek, Chelmno, and Auschwitz. By the end of World War II about six million people had been killed.
The Roop

The Roop is an lithuanian pop band. The four members are Vaidotas Valiukevicius, Robertas Baranauskas, and Mantas Banisauskas. The group will perform in Eurovision 2020.
Magic!

Magic! is a Canadian reggae fusion band. In 2014 the group released the song "Rude" off their album Don't Kill the Magic.
All members of the band are from the Toronto area. The group began during 2012.
Incapacity Benefit

Incapacity Benefit was a United Kingdom social security benefit that was paid to people who were sick for more than 28 weeks. It replaced Invalidity Benefit in 1995. The government began to stop Incapacity Benefit in 2008 by stopping new people claiming it. They moved people onto Employment and Support Allowance.
To get it people had to pass the All Work Test, to show that there was no work they could do.
Muhammad Hamza

Muhammad Hamza (20 March 1929 - 29 August 2021) was a Pakistani politician. He was a member of Senate of Pakistan from March 2012 to March 2018 and member of the National Assembly of Pakistan between 1985 and 1999. He had been a member of the West Pakistan Legislative Assembly from 1962 to 1969. Hamza was born in Ludhiana, British Raj.
Hamza died of COVID-19 on 29 August 2021 in Punjab, Pakistan at the age of 92.
1881

1881 was a common year.
Events
The Hamleys Toy Store opens on Regent's Street in London.
Celles-sur-Ource

Celles-sur-Ource is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Hayes, Louisiana

Hayes is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States.
The Roaring Road

The Roaring Road is a 1919 American action romance movie directed by James Cruze and was based on short stories by Byron Morgan. It stars Wallace Reid, Ann Little, Theodore Roberts, Guy Oliver, Clarence Geldart and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was followed up by Excuse My Dust in 1920.
Elephunk

Elephunk is the third studio album by American hip hop group the Black Eyed Peas. It was released on June 24, 2003, by the will.i.am Music Group and A&M Records. Although the album is the group's third album it is also the groups first in many ways; it was the first album to feature R&B singer Fergie and was the first album of the group to be billed as "the Black Eyed Peas".
Critical reception
Track listings
Personnel
The Black Eyed Peas
will.i.am - vocals on all tracks except 11; backing vocals on track 11; Moog synthesizers on tracks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 13; drum programming on tracks 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10; clavinet on tracks 12 and 13; drums and piano on track 2; Wurlitzer electric piano on track 4; synthesizer on track 10; executive production; production; engineering on tracks 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 12 and 14; mixing on tracks 10 and 14
apl.de.ap - vocals on tracks 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 11, 12 and 13; drum programming and production on track 11
Fergie - vocals on all tracks except 6, 7 and 12
Taboo - vocals on tracks 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 13; guitar
Main session musicians
George Pajon, Jr. - guitar on tracks 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13 and 15
J. Curtis - guitar on tracks 5, 7, 11 and 13
Mike Fratantuno - bass on tracks 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, 14 and 15; guitarron on track 7; double bass and acoustic guitar on track 13
Dante Santiago - backing vocals on tracks 1, 3, 4, 6 and 10; vocals on track 7
Other contributors
Printz Board - horns on track 2; trumpet on track 7; Moog synthesizer and clavinet on track 13
Tim Orindgreff - horns on track 2; saxophone and flute on track 7
Terence Yoshiaki - drums on tracks 3 and 7
Noelle Scaggs - backing vocals on tracks 3 and 6
Tippa Irie - vocals on track 4
Ray Brady - guitar on tracks 5 and 9
Terry Dexter - backing vocals on track 6
Travis Barker - drums on track 15
Davey Chegwidden - percussion on track 7
Chuck Prada - percussion on tracks 7 and 14
Debi Nova - vocals on track 7
Sergio Mendes - piano on track 8
John Legend - vocals on track 10
Jacoby Shaddix - vocals on track 12
Tobin Esperance - bass on track 12
Jerry Horton - guitar on track 12
David Buckner - drums on track 12
Justin Timberlake - vocals on track 13
Main production personnel
Ron Fair - executive production; production on track 13; additional vocal production on track 5; piano on track 7
Dylan Dresdow - engineering on tracks 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 and 15; additional vocal engineering on track 3
Christine Sirois - engineering assistance on tracks 1, 5, 6, 7 and 13
Tony Maserati - mixing on all tracks except 10 and 12
Brian "Big Bass" Gardner - mastering
Additional production personnel
Tal Herzberg - additional engineering on tracks 5 and 13
Jun Ishizeki - engineering on track 10
Jason Villaroman - engineering on track 11
Chris Lord-Alge - mixing on track 12
The album is considered a victim of the Loudness war, with the worst possible ranking in the Hall of CD Clipping Shame, as 1 minute 19 seconds of the CD's audio has been destroyed by clipping.
Ollolai

Ollolai (Ollolai) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,291 people lived there. Its area is 27.24 km2. It is 960 meters above sea level.
West Ham United F.C.

West Ham United Football Club is an English football club.
The club plays in the Premier League. It was started in 1895 and its home stadium is the London stadium East London. The club is also called "the Hammers" and "the Irons" because it was started in a London Ironworks. Their main rivals are Millwall and other rivals are Tottenham Hotspur, Chelsea and Arsenal
West Ham currently are managed by David Moyes, their former care-taker manager for the 2017/18 season in Premier League.
Joint chairman David Gold has died aged 87 on 4 January 2023.
Name
1895-1900 Thames Ironworks F.C.
1900-present West Ham United F.C.
League position
Former position
Notable players
Sir Bobby Moore, captain of England when they won the FIFA World Cup in 1966.
Sir Geoff Hurst, who scored three goals for England in the World Cup final.
Sir Trevor Brooking, a good player for England in the 1970/1980s.
Paulo Di Canio an entertaining player and hero for West Ham fans.
Carlos Tevez, Helped keep West Ham in the Premiership with a great run of form 2006/2007.
William Clay Ford Sr.

William Clay Ford, Sr. (March 14, 1925 - March 9, 2014) was an American businessman. He was the last surviving grandchild of Henry Ford. Ford owned and served as chairman of the Detroit Lions football team.
Ford was born on March 14, 1925 in Detroit, Michigan. He studied at Yale University. Ford died on March 9, 2014 in Grosse Pointe, Michigan from pneumonia, aged 88.
Eurythmics

Eurythmics were a pop music band from England. Its two members were Annie Lennox and Dave Stewart. Their most famous song is "Sweet Dreams". Some of their other songs are "Here Comes The Rain Again", "Love Is a Stranger" and "Missionary Man".
The Eurythmics formed in London in 1980 and broke up in 1990. They recorded eight albums during that time. Eurythmics got back together in 1999 and made a ninth album. Then they released a greatest hits album and split again in 2005.
Albums
These are the albums made by Eurythmics.
Amusement arcade

An amusement arcade (also called a video arcade or just arcade) is a place where people play arcade games such as video games, pinball machines, and slot machines.
The earliest amusement arcades were called "penny arcades." They were opened in the nineteenth century. Penny arcades had game machines called "bagatelles", which were like billiards and pinball. Penny arcades were popular at amusement parks and fairs until around the 1950s. Around this time, the penny arcades were often replaced by more modern games of chance and skill. An example of the new machines were shooting galleries.
Videos were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s. These were most popular during the early 1980s. Arcades became popular with young people. Many video arcades began closing in the late 1990s, as the technology of home video game consoles began to rival and eventually exceed that of arcade games. However, video arcades remained popular in Japan, where they are called game centers.
San Lorenzo de Almagro

Club Atletico San Lorenzo de Almagro is a football club that plays in Argentina. The team plays in the Primera Division, the top division of the Argentine football league system. San Lorenzo is also considered one of the "big five" ("Los 5 Grandes") of Argentine football by Argentinian press, with Independiente, River Plate, Boca Juniors, and Racing Club. Its historical rival is Huracan.
Tristan Garel-Jones

William Armand Thomas Tristan Garel-Jones, Baron Garel-Jones (28 February 1941 - 23 March 2020) was a British politician. He was a member of the Conservative Party. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Watford from 1979 to 1997. He was made a life peer in 1997. He also held office as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household (1986-1988), Comptroller of the Household (1988-1989), Treasurer of the Household (1989-1990) and Minister for Europe (1990-1993).
Garel-Jones was born in Gorseinon, Wales. In 1966, he married Catalina Garrigues Carnicer. The couple had five children. He died on 23 March 2020 at the age of 79.
Bobby Mitchell

Robert Cornelius Mitchell (June 6, 1935 - April 5, 2020) was an American professional football player. He played as a halfback and flanker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns (1958-1961) and the Washington Redskins (1962-1968). He was added into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1983. He also served as an executive for the Redskins from 1969 to 2002. He was born in Hot Springs, Arkansas.
Mitchell lived in Washington, D.C. during his later years. He died on April 5, 2020, at the age of 84.
Infrared telescope

An infrared telescope is a telescope that detects infrared radiation (heat energy). All objects in the universe that have a temperature above absolute zero give off some form of electromagnetic radiation. Infrared light is one of several types of radiation present in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Astronomers use several different types of telescopes to detect different types of emitted radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. Some of these are gamma ray, x-ray, ultra-violet, regular visible light (optical), as well as infrared telescopes.
Ground-based infrared telescopes are affected by Earth's atmosphere. They work best in the shorter part of the infrared, a micrometer or two. Putting an infrared telescope in outer space or above the clouds (water vapor) is big help, especially for longer wavelengths (several micrometers) which cooler objects emit. Examples would be asteroids and interstellar clouds.
Champdor-Corcelles

Champdor-Corcelles is a commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was established on 1 January 2016. It is made of the former communes of Champdor and Corcelles.
Aimee Garcia

Aimee Garcia (born November 28, 1978) is an American actress, known for her roles as Veronica Palmero on the sitcom George Lopez and Jamie Batista on the Showtime drama Dexter.
Inca road system

The Inca road system (El Camino Inca) of Peru was the most extensive among the many roads and trails that were constructed in pre-Columbian South America.
It went across the Andes mountains and reached heights of over 5,000 m (16,500 feet) above sea level. The Inca road system covered approximately 22,500 kilometres (14,000 mi) and provided access to over three million km2 of territory.
Because the Incas did not make use of the wheel for transportation, and did not have horses until the arrival of the Spanish in Peru in the 16th century, the trails were used almost exclusively by people walking, sometimes accompanied by pack animals, usually the llama.
The trails were used by the Inca people as a means of relaying messages, carried via knotted-cord quipu and by memory; and for transporting goods. Messages could be carried by runners covering as much as 240 km (150 mi) per day, working in relay fashion much like the Pony Express of the 1860s in North America.
There were approximately 2,000 inns, or tambos, placed at even intervals along the trails. The inns provided food, shelter and military supplies to the tens of thousands who traveled the roads.
Main routes
The most important Inca road was the Camino Real, as it is known in Spanish, with a length of 5,200 km (3,230 mi). It began in Quito, Ecuador, passed through Cusco, and ended in what is now Tucuman, Argentina. The Camino Real went across the mountain ranges of the Andes, with peak altitudes of more than 5,000 m. El Camino de la Costa, the coastal trail, with a length of 4,000 km (2,420 mi), ran parallel to the sea and was linked with the Camino Real by many smaller routes.
Inca trail to Machu Picchu
By far the most popular of the Inca trails for trekking is the Capaq Nan trail, which leads from the village of Ollantaytambo to Machu Picchu, the so-called "Lost City of the Incas". There are many well-preserved ruins along the way, and hundreds of thousands of tourists from around the world make the three- or four-day trek each year, accompanied by guides.
The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is actually three routes, which all meet up near Inti-Pata, the 'Sun Gate' and entrance to Machu Picchu. The three trails are known as the Mollepata, Classic and One Day trails, with Mollepata being the longest of the three. Passing through the Andes mountain range and sections of the Amazon rainforest, the Trail passes several well-preserved Inca ruins and settlements before ending at the Sun Gate on Machu Picchu mountain. The two longer routes require an ascent to beyond 12,000 ft (3,660 m) above sea level, which can result in altitude sickness.
Further reading
Inca: Lords of Gold and Glory. Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1992.
Andean World: Indigenous History: Culture and Consciousness by Kenneth Adrien.
Rod Laver

Rodney George "Rod" Laver MBE (born 9 August 1938, in Rockhampton, Australia) is a former tennis player from Australia and a former world #1 in ATP tennis rankings.
Erwin Helfer

Erwin Helfer (born January 21, 1936 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American boogie-woogie, blues and jazz pianist.
Life
Erwin Helfer was born in Chicago and grew up there. In his younger life he was more interested in classical music than in blues. But grewing up in the 50s he got contact to blues anyway. He studied music at Tulane University in New Orleans, completing college with a degree in music. In New Orleans he studied also the local music style of the city.
Ávila, Spain

Avila is a town in Castile and Leon. It is the capital of the Province of Avila. 58,245 live here as of 2010.
Kingdom of Breifne

The Kingdom of Breifne or Breifne was a medieval overkingdom in Gaelic Ireland. It comprised what is now County Leitrim, County Cavan and parts of neighbouring counties, and corresponds roughly to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kilmore.
Bad Häring

Bad Haring is a municipality of the district of Kufstein in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Morohashi Museum of Modern Art

is a art museum at Urabandai near Goshikinuma in Fukushima Prefecture.
The museum has modern art, including works by
Paul Cezanne
Salvador Dali
Henri Matisse
Pablo Picasso
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
History
The museum was created in 1999 from the collection of Teizo Morohashi (1932-2003), who was the founder of Xebio Co. Ltd.
Error (band)

Error (commonly stylised as ERROR) is a Hong Kong Cantopop boy band formed through ViuTV's reality talent show Good Night Show - King Maker in 2018. The group consists of 4 members: Leung Yip, Dee Ho, Denis Kwok, and Poki Ng. The group debuted on 2 December 2018 with the single "404".
Man in the Mirror

"Man in the Mirror" is a song by Michael Jackson. It was written by Siedah Garrett
and Glen Ballard. It was released as the fourth single from Jackson's seventh album, Bad. It was nominated for Record of the Year at the Grammy Awards. It reached number one in the Billboard Hot 100.
In 2009 Michael Jackson died and the song entered the charts again. It reached number two in the UK Singles Chart. This was much higher than when the song was first released in 1988.
Yossi Benayoun

Yossi Benayoun (; born 5 May 1980) is an Israeli football player. He currently plays for Chelsea in the Premier League. Benayoun plays as an attacking midfielder, and he is the captain of the Israeli national team.
Chadwick Boseman

Chadwick Aaron Boseman (November 29, 1976August 28, 2020) was an American actor, playwright, and film producer. He was known for his roles as Jackie Robinson in 42 (2013), James Brown in Get on Up (2014), Thurgood Marshall in Marshall (2017) and as Black Panther in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies, including Black Panther (2018). He also starred and produced the 2019 thriller movie 21 Bridges.
In 2021, Boseman posthumously won a Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for his role as Levee Green in Ma Rainey's Black Bottom. He is also nominated posthumously for an Academy Award for Best Actor.
Chadwick died at his home in Los Angeles from colon cancer on August 28, 2020 at the age of 43.He had been battling the disease since 2016, even though the film studios did not know.
Hummus

Hummus or houmous full Arabic name: hummus bi-t-tahina , meaning 'chickpeas with tahini' is a food dip or spread that is made from chickpeas, tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic. "Hummus" is Arabic for "chickpeas" that is said to be of Egyptian origin. The dish then spread across The Levant and North Africa. It is high in nutrients, for instance protein, iron, vitamin C and B6, and dietary fiber. Hummus is often eaten with pita. When hummus is served with bread the proteins of the hummus and of the bread go well together, creating a delicious taste. It has become popular in the Middle East and many other countries. It is considered a health food.
François Fillon

Francois Fillon, (born 4 March 1954) is a former Prime Minister of France. He was born in Le Mans. Nicolas Sarkozy gave him the job on 17 May 2007. He resigned on 15 May 2012, following the defeat of Sarkozy in the presidential elections.
In 2017, Fillon ran for President of France and at some point was seen as the front-runner. However, following an embezzlement investigation his popularity decreased and lost the first round to Emmanuel Macron and Marine Le Pen.
On February 24, 2020, Fillon became one of the few Prime Ministers to ever go on !trial. On June 29, 2020, he was convicted of fraud and sentenced to five years in prison.
Cytochrome

Cytochromes are haemoproteins (or proteins containing haem groups). They make ATP by electron transport.
They are found either as single (monomeric) proteins (e.g., cytochrome c) or as part of bigger enzyme complexes which catalyze redox reactions.
The haem group does the redox reactions. These include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed. In general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons.
History
Cytochromes were described in 1884 as respiratory pigments. They include (haemoglobin, myoglobin, haemocyanin, haemoerythrin and chlorocruorin. In the 1920s, Keilin rediscovered these respiratory pigments. He called them the cytochromes, or "cellular pigments", and classified them as haem proteins.
Types
Several kinds of cytochrome exist and can be distinguished by spectroscopy. Three types of cytochrome are distinguished by their prosthetic groups.
In mitochondria and chloroplasts, these cytochromes are often combined in electron transport and related metabolic pathways.
Ranoidea callista

Ranoidea callista is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it on Mount Trafalgar, about 220 meters above sea level.
The scientist who wrote the first formal paper about Ranoidea callista, Fred Kraus, said this frog is related to Litoria gracilenta but it has different colors on its skin, lays eggs in streams, and has a different call. Kraus says that the frog does not only live on Mt. Trafalgar but in many places in New Guinea.
Rosario Olivo

Rosario Olivo (born 18 April 1940) is an Italian politician. He was born in Catanzaro, Italy. He is a member of the Italian Socialist Party.
He was deputy from 1992 to 2001 and was the President of Calabria from 1987 to 1992. In 2006, he was elected mayor of Catanzaro.
Alton, Texas

Alton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Demeter Bitenc

Demeter Bitenc (21 July 1922 - 22 April 2018) was a Slovenian movie actor. He has appeared in 75 movies from his career's beginning in 1953 until his retirement in 2004. He was born in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Bitenc best known roles are in Island of the Amazons (1960), Apache Gold (1963), Target for Killing (1966), The Seventh Continent (1966), Poppea's Hot Nights (1969), The Ravine (1969), Private Vices, Public Pleasures (1976), Cross of Iron (1977), The Secret of Nikola Tesla (1980), War and Remembrance (1988), Outsider (1997) and in Long Dark Night (2004).
Bitenc died on 22 April 2018 in Ljubljana at the age of 95.
Fleurus

Fleurus is a municipality in the Belgian province of Hainaut.
In 2007, 22272 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 29 North, 04deg 33 East.
SummerSlam (2002)

SummerSlam (2002) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on August 25, 2002 at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York. It was the fifteenth SummerSlam event held by the WWE.
The main match for the SmackDown! brand saw Brock Lesnar defeat The Rock to win the WWE Undisputed Championship. Lesnar won the match by pinfall after he hit The Rock with the F-5. The main match for the Raw brand saw Shawn Michaels defeat Triple H in an Unsanctioned Street Fight. Michaels won the match by pinfall after he reversed Triple H's pedigree attempt into a jackknife roll-up. The main match which was featured from both brands was an interpromotional match between Rob Van Dam and Chris Benoit for the WWE Intercontinental Championship. RVD won the match by pinfall after he hit the Five-Star Frog Splash on Benoit. By winning, RVD was able to win the championship.
Gareth Barry

Gareth Robert Barry (born 23 February 1981) is an English former football player who plays as a midfielder.
Saint-Cierges

Saint-Cierges was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chaneaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire.
The Theory of Everything (2014 movie)

The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama movie directed by James Marsh. It is about the life of the theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking.
The movie was based on Jane Hawking's memoir Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen. The movie's score was composed by Johann Johannsson.
The movie stars Eddie Redmayne, Felicity Jones, Charlie Cox, Emily Watson, Simon McBurney, Christian McKay, Harry Lloyd, and David Thewlis. The movie was released on 7 September 2014 at the Toronto International Film Festival and released in the United Kingdom on 1 January 2015 to strong positive reviews.
2021 British Isles heat wave

The 2021 British Isles heat wave happened for 10 days between the 15 July 2021 and 25 July 2021. It was when the temperature was hotter than it usually was. This caused some new records in how hot the weather got in the British Isles.
The Met Office said that there might be a lot of heat in some places, and made a extreme heat warning for some places in the United Kingdom. Just before this, all nations in the British Isles said it was the hottest day of the year.
Soul Punk

Soul Punk is the first studio album by American musician Patrick Stump. The album was released on October 18, 2011. Stump's solo project was officially revealed in January 2010 and was later titled Soul Punk. It is the first major musical project undertaken by Stump since Fall Out Boy's hiatus. The album is scheduled for release on October 18, 2011 through Island, with Stump officially announcing the release on July 25 via Twitter and the internet. The track "Explode" from the album was leaked on May 6, 2011 for promotion purposes.
The album's first single "This City" was released on July 26, 2011. The music video for the single will be released on September 20, 2011. The track features rapper Lupe Fiasco.
Isoprene

Isoprene is a common organic compound produced by living things. Its full chemical name is 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and its formula is CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2. Isoprene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans). Its polymers are the main component of natural rubber.
Natural occurrences
Isoprene is produced and emitted by many species of trees (major producers are oaks, poplars, eucalyptus, and some legumes). Yearly production of isoprene emissions by vegetation is around 600 million metric tons, half from tropical broadleaf trees (that is, flowering plants) and the rest mainly from shrubs.
This is about the same as methane emissions. It accounts for about one-third of all hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere. In deciduous forests, isoprene makes up about 80% of hydrocarbon emissions. Microscopic and macroscopic algae also produce isoprene, but much less than trees.
Isoprene emission may help trees use to combat stress. In particular, isoprene does protect against moderate heat stress (around 40 degC). It may also protect plants against large fluctuations in leaf temperature. Isoprene is built into cell membranes and helps membranes keep stable.
Isoprene produces the blue haze which gives the Blue Ridge Mountains their name.
Hero/Heroine

"Hero / Heroine" is the 2nd single by rock and roll-Alternative pop band Boys Like Girls. It is off the album Boys Like Girls.
Music video
The music video for "Hero/Heroine" was released in September 2007.
Nectar

Nectar, in botany, is a liquid made by the flowers of plants. It is sweet because it has sugar in it. Plants make nectar to attract pollinating animals. It is made in glands called nectaries. The nectaries are usually at the bottom of the perianth of the flower. This means the animal trying to get the nectar has to touch the parts of the plant that are used for reproduction. By doing this, the animal getting the nectar helps the plants reproduce.
Some plants make nectar outside the flower. These plants do it to attract predatory insects. These insects will eat both the nectar and any plant-eating insects found near the plant.
Nectar is economically important because it is where the sugar for honey comes from. It is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adults of many predatory insects, as well as hummingbirds, eat nectar. Some plants give off very rich scents.
Extrafloral nectaries
Extrafloral nectaries (not in the flower) are specialised nectar-secreting plant glands. They develop outside flowers, and are not involved in pollination.
In contrast to floral nectaries, nectar produced outside the flower generally has a defensive function. The nectar attracts predatory insects which will eat both the nectar and any plant-eating insects around, they work as 'bodyguards'.
Extrafloral nectaries have been reported in over 3941 species of vascular plants belonging to 745 genera and 108 families, 99.7% of which belong to flowering plants (angiosperms). This is 1.0 to 1.8% of all known species. They are most common among eudicots, occurring in 3642 species (of 654 genera and 89 families). They often occur in rosids.
Blossoms in the Dust

Blossoms in the Dust is an 1941 drama movie that was produced by Irving Asher and Mervyn LeRoy and was directed by Mervyn LeRoy. Blossoms in the Dust was released on July 25, 1941 in North America. The movie won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction-Interior Decoration, Color and was also nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Best Cinematography, Color and Best Picture.
List of New Zealand Test cricketers

This is a list of cricketers who play Test cricket for New Zealand.
Statistics are correct as of New Zealand v England, 3rd Test, 2007-08 (26 March, 2008)
Note:
1Sammy Guillen also played Test cricket for the West Indies. Only his records for
New Zealand is shown above.
Tellurium(VI) fluoride

Tellurium(VI) fluoride, also known as tellurium hexafluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is TeF6. It contains tellurium in its +6 oxidation state. It also contains fluoride ions. It is the oldest known tellurium fluoride.
Properties
Tellurium(VI) fluoride is a colorless gas. It condenses to a white solid when made cold. It has a very bad smell. It is very toxic. It is similar to selenium hexafluoride, even though it is less volatile (not as easily evaporated). It reacts with water to make telluric acid and hydrofluoric acid. It reacts with tellurium under to make tellurium tetrafluoride.
Preparation
It is made by reacting hot fluorine with tellurium. Cold fluorine gas makes tellurium tetrafluoride. It can also be made by reacting fluorine with tellurium trioxide. Another way to make it is reacting selenium tetrafluoride and tellurium dioxide to make tellurium tetrafluoride, which is heated above to make tellurium hexafluoride and tellurium.
South by Southwest

South by Southwest (SXSW) is a set of festivals and conferences. They are about movies, interactive media, and music. It takes place every year in March in Austin, Texas, United States. It began in 1987. It has continued to grow in both scope and size every year.
South by Southwest is run by the company SXSW, Inc.
Overview
SXSW Music
SXSW Music is the largest music festival in the world. It had more than 2,000 performances in 2014.
In 1987, 700 people attended the music event. In 2009, there were over 32,000 registrants.
Bands must pay for their own travel and lodging at the event. All performers get a cash payment ($100 for solo musicians or $250 for bands) or a wristband that gives them access to all music events.
SXSW Film
Conference
SXSW Film Conference lasts for five days. There are speakers, workshops, mentor sessions and more, with expert filmmakers and industry leaders.
In 2015, there were over 250 sessions with 735 speakers. Important speakers in the past include Lena Dunham, Jon Favreau, Mark Duplass, Ava DuVernay, Ryan Gosling, Nicolas Cage, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Tilda Swinton, Amy Schumer, Sally Field, Joss Whedon, Christine Vachon, RZA, Matthew McConaughey, Danny Boyle, Seth MacFarlane, Catherine Hardwicke, Richard Linklater, David Gordon Green, Harmony Korine, Henry Rollins, Sarah Green and Robert Rodriguez.
Festival
The SXSW Film Festival runs nine days. The SXSW Film Awards is on the last day of the Film Conference.
In 2015, the SXSW Film Festival showed 150 feature movies and 106 short movies. They were selected from 7,361 submissions. Past movies that premiered at SXSW include Furious 7, Neighbors, Chef, 21 Jump Street, The Cabin in the Woods, Bridesmaids and Insidious, and the TV series Girls, Silicon Valley and Penny Dreadful.
Although the film festival often shows independently produced movies, studios have often shown their comedies there before they are released. They do this to get an idea of how popular the movie will be in theaters.
SXSW Interactive
SXSW Interactive is about new technology. The festival includes a trade show, speakers, parties, and a startup accelerator. According to a festival organizer Louis Black, SXSW Interactive "has probably been the biggest of its kind in the world" since 2007.
Lagrange, Maine

Lagrange is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
M. I. Shanavas

M. I. Shanavas (22 September 1951 - 21 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was the working president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee and a member of parliament of the 16th Lok Sabha of India from 2009 until his death in 2018. Shanavas was born in Kottayam, India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.
Shanavas died on 21 November 2018 in Chennai, India following complications from a liver transplant at the age of 67.
El Lago, Texas

El Lago is a city in Harris County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,706 at the 2010 census. El Lago is Spanish for The Lake.