kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Annonay

Annonay is a town and commune in the north part of the
Ardeche department of France. This commune has the most people living in it of the Ardeche departement, although it is not the prefecture, which is the smaller town of Privas.
Geography
Annonay is a few kilometers away from the Rhone River, 75 km south of Lyon and 40 from Saint-Etienne.
History
The town's name is possibly of Roman beginnings.
On June 4, 1783, Annonay was the place where the Montgolfier brothers made their first public unmanned hot air balloon flight.
Queue (unit)

The Queue was a unit of measurement, used for wines and spirits. It was equal to 3 feuilettes, or about 402 litres. Depending on the region, the definition varied a little, one queue was between 360 and 411 litres.
Tulancingo

Tulancingo, officially Tulancingo de Bravo, is a city in the state of Hidalgo in central Mexico. The city is in the Tulancingo Valley. It is from Mexico City and from Pachuca. It was founded by the Toltecs.
The Ghost That Never Returns

The Ghost That Never Returns () is a 1930 Soviet drama movie directed by Abram Room. It stars Boris Ferdinandov, A. Filippov, and Karl Gurnyak.
Niels Bohr

Niels Bohr (7 October 1885 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who helped discover quantum physics, the structure of the atom, and the atomic bomb. Bohr was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1922 for, in short, discovering the quantization of atomic energy levels. He worked also in a project of physicists known as Manhattan Project. He married Margrethe Norlund in 1912. One of his sons was Aage Bohr, who was also an important physicist. Aage won in 1975 his own Nobel prize. Niels Bohr worked also with Albert Einstein. He is also considered one of the most important physicists of the 20th century.
Biography
Niels Henrik David Bohr, or Niels Bohr was born in Copenhagen, Denmark,1885 as the son of Christian Bohr, who was also professor of physiology at the University of Copenhagen. Bohr's mother was Ellen Adler Bohr and was Jewish with a rich family of bankers and politicians. Niels was also the brother of Harald Bohr. Bohr was a mathematician, a physicist, and funnily enough, was a football player of the national team.
In 1903 Bohr began studies of philosophy and mathematics at the Copenhagen University.
In 1905 the Royal Danish Academy of Science organized a competition. Niels Bohr participated with some experiments in surface tension. He used the laboratory of his father in the university, because he knew it since he was a boy.
His work won the prize. For this reason, he decided to stop the studies of philosophy and mathematics and changed to physics.
He received his doctorate in 1911.
Bohr did experiments in the Trinity College in Cambridge under the direction of J.J. Thomson. After it, he went to the University of Manchester under the direction of Ernest Rutherford. On the basis of the theories of Rutherford, he published his theory of electrons. He introduces the theory of electrons traveling in orbits around the nucleus of the atom in 1913 and the chemical properties of the orbit.
He introduced the idea that an electron can drop from a higher energy orbit to a lower one. Then it can emit a photon of discrete energy. This is the basis of quantum theory.
Niels Bohr and his wife Margrethe Norlund Bohr had four sons. Their oldest died in a tragic boating accident and another died from childhood meningitis. The others went on to lead successful lives, including Aage Bohr, who became a very successful physicist and, like his father, won a Nobel Prize in physics, in 1975.
British actor Kenneth Branagh played Bohr in the 2023 Christopher Nolan movie Oppenheimer.
Francis Rossi

Sir Francis Dominic Nicholas Michael Rossi (born 29 May 1949) is an English singer, songwriter and musician. He is best known as the co-founder, lead singer and lead guitarist of the rock band Status Quo. His genres mix from early psychedelic rock, hard rock, pop rock, blues rock/rock n roll even country rock and heavy metal.
Rossi was born in Forest Hill, London. He is of Italian and Northern Irish ancestry. He is teetotal.
Crossover (music)

A crossover is a term in music. It is when a piece of music appears on music charts for different types of music. For example, a song might be on music charts for both pop music and country music.
Lamborghini Countach

The Lamborghini Countach is a sports car. Lamborghini built it from from 1974 to 1990. The Countach came after the Miura. Gruppo Bertone designed the Countach. The car used several different V12 engines by the time Lamborghini stopped making it in 1990.
History
Lamborghini first showed the Countach to the public at the 1971 Geneva Motor Show. The car was known as the Lamborghini LP500 back then. The Countach was put into production in 1974. The first Countach model was called the Countach LP400.
Production models
Lamborghini made several different Countach models between 1974 and 1990.
LP400
The first Countach model was the LP400. Lamborghini started making the LP400 in 1974. The car used a Lamborghini V12 engine. This engine was based on the one used in the Lamborghini Miura. In the LP400, it made . By the end of 1977, Lamborghini had made 158 Countach LP400s.
LP400 S
Lamborghini started making the Countach LP400 S in 1978. This model replaced the Countach LP400. The LP400 S's engine was a little less powerful than the LP400's. The LP400 S made . There were some changes made to the exterior. These included fender flares and a rear wing. These changes stayed until Lamborghini stopped making the Countach in 1990.
LP500 S and LP5000 QV
Lamborghini made the Countach LP500 S in 1982. The LP500 S had a larger () V12 engine than the Countach LP400 and LP400 S. Lamborghini built 321 Countach LP500 S cars.
Lamborghini made the Countach LP5000 QV in 1985. The engine was bigger in the 5000 QV. It had a size of . The Countach LP5000 QV had either a fuel injected engine, or an engine with a carburetor. The fuel injected version made . The carbureted version made at 7,000 rpm and of torque at 5,200 rpm. Lamborghini made 610 Countach LP5000 QVs. 66 of them had the fuel injection system.
U.S. version
Lamborghini made a version of the Countach for the United States. The US version of the Countach had larger impact bumpers than the European version. Many owners removed the bumpers. This was because many people said that the bumpers ruined the look of the Countach.
25th Anniversary model
Lamborghini made the Countach 25th Anniversary in 1988. The car got its name from the fact that Lamborghini was founded in 1963. Horacio Pagani designed the Countach 25th Anniversary. The car had a different style from the other Countach models (see picture). The Countach 25th Anniversary was made until 1990.
The Countach 25th Anniversary was the fastest version of the Countach. It was able to accelerate from in 4.7 seconds. The car could also reach a top speed of .
Engine and transmission
The table below shows what engines the different Countach models had. All Countach models had a five-speed manual transmission paired to the engine. The engine was mid-mounted in the Countach.
Performance
The table below shows the performance of the various Countach models.
Brüttelen

Bruttelen () is a municipality in the administrative district Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Karaganda Region

Karagandy Province or the Karagandy Region (kaz. Qaragandy oblysy/K'arag'andy oblysy; rus. Karagandinskaia oblast') is a region located on the Central part of Kazakhstan. Its capital city is Karaganda. It's the biggest region of all Kazakhstan.
Brent Carver

Brent Carver (November 17, 1951 - August 4, 2020) was a Canadian actor. He was best known for his roles on Broadway in Parade as Leo Frank and Kiss of the Spider Woman as Molina. He won the Tony Award for Best Leading Actor in a Musical in 1993.
Carver was born in Cranbrook, British Columbia. He died on August 4, 2020 at the age of 68 at home in Cranbrook.
José Antonio Alonso

Jose Antonio Alonso Suarez (28 March 1960 - 2 February 2017) was a Spanish politician and judge. He was a member of the Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). He was the Minister of the Interior from 2004 to 2006 and the Minister of Defence from 2006 to 2008. He was born in Leon, Leon.
Alonso died from lung cancer on 2 February 2017 in Madrid. He was 56.
It's a Long Way There (Greatest Hits)

It's a Long Way There (Greatest Hits) is a 1978 greatest hits album by Australian band Little River Band and was released in Australia and New Zealand. It went to number 4 in Australia and number 12 in New Zealand.
Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman

Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman (1889-1973) was an Pakistani Muslim politician. He was leader of the All India Muslim League in the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). A strong supporter of Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the Pakistan movement, Khaliquzzaman migrated to Pakistan in 1947.
Thanu Padmanabhan

Thanu Padmanabhan (10 March 1957 - 17 September 2021) was an Indian theoretical physicist and cosmologist. His works fouced on Gravitation, Structure formation in the universe and Quantum Gravity. He was a Distinguished Professor at the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics.
Padmanabhan died on 17 September 2021 at the age of 64 from a heart attack in Pune, India.
Jeffrey Titford

Jeffrey William Titford (born 24 October 1933, West Mersea, Essex) is a British politician. He served as leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) from 2000 until 2002. He served again as a temporary leader in September to November 2010. He was also a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the East of England from 1999 to 2009.
Before becoming a politician he was a businessman. He was president of the National Association of Funeral Directors.
2000 Pacific hurricane season

The 2000 Pacific hurricane season was an event in tropical cyclone meteorology. There were few notable storms this year. Tropical Storms Miriam, Norman, and Rosa all made landfall in Mexico with only small impacts. Hurricane Daniel for a short time, threatened the U.S. state of Hawaii while weakening. Hurricane Carlotta was the strongest storm of the year and the second strongest June hurricane in recorded history. It killed 18 people when it sank a ship.
Dii Consentes

The Dii Consentes (Latin: "[the] council of the divine") was the principal group of deities within Ancient Roman religion, equivalent to the Twelve Olympians. As listed by the poet Ennius in the late 3rd Century BC, they consisted of:
Jupiter, Juno, Vesta, Minerva, Ceres, Apollo, Diana, Venus, Mars, Vulcan, Mercury, and Neptune.
Rodrigo Mendes

Rodrigo Mendes (born 9 August 1975) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Novo Hamburgo.
Commonwealth Games

The Commonwealth Games is a multinational, multi-sport event. Held every four years, it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. Attendance at the Commonwealth Games is typically around 5,000 athletes.
The idea for a competition between members of the British Empire was first suggested by the Reverend Astley Cooper in 1891. The first such event, then known as the British Empire Games, was held in 1930. The name changed to British Empire and Commonwealth Games in 1954, to British Commonwealth Games in 1970 and assumed the current name of the Commonwealth Games in 1978.
Stegoceras

Stegoceras was a small, plant-eating dinosaur that had a large, thick-skulled head. This dinosaur may have butted heads with others of its kind in bone-shaking contests. Many Stegoceras and other pachycephalosaur fossils have been found in Alberta, Canada, and Montana, USA.
Description
Stegoceras was a herding dinosaur that lived in small groups in coastal and upland regions. Running was probably its first line of defense. Stegoceras lived during the late Cretaceous period, toward the end of the Mesozoic Era, the Age of Reptiles, about 76-65 million years ago. Stegoceras was first found in 1889.
Experiments on models
Images of the insides of Stegoceras''' fossilised skull showed two layers of dense bone that encase a spongy sinus held apart by tiny struts, has led some scientists to doubt this interpretation.
Computer tomographic (CT) scans on the skulls of Stegoceras'', along with a variety of modern animals were used to create 3D models of the animals' heads. The team was then able to exert virtual stresses to test how the different skulls held up.
Compared to some of today's big hitters, such as the Northern American bighorn sheep, Stegoceras' head was able to withstand the most stress.
Siem Reap province

Siem Reap is a province in Cambodia. Its capital and largest city is Siem Reap.
It is one of the nine provinces of the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve. It is the site of Angkor and the Angkor Wat temple ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Phnom Kulen National Park is also in the province.
Marconnelle

Marconnelle is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Warren Winslow

Warren Winslow (January 1, 1810 - August 16, 1862) was the 33rd Governor of North Carolina from 1854 to 1855.
Life
Winslow was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina on January 1, 1810. Winslow graduated from the University of North Carolina.
Winslow was elected to the North Carolina senate in 1854 as a Democrat. Winslow became Speaker of the North Carolina Senate in 1854. Governor David S. Reid resigned from being Governor on December 6, 1854, 1 month before his term of office was supposed to end, while Winslow was Speaker of the Senate. When a Governor resigns from the Senate, the Speaker of the Senate becomes the Governor. This meant that Warren Winslow was the new Governor. Winslow was the Governor for one month until Thomas Bragg was inaugurated on January 1, 1855. Winslow served in the United States House of Representatives from March 1855 to March 1861.
Winslow died on August 16, 1862, in Fayetteville, North Carolina.
The Lion King (2019 movie)

The Lion King is a 2019 American musical adventure comedy-drama movie written by Jeff Nathanson, and directed and produced by Jon Favreau. It is a remake of the 1994 animated movie of the same name and was produced by Walt Disney Pictures.
The movie stars the voices of Donald Glover, Beyonce, James Earl Jones, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Billy Eichner, Seth Rogen, John Kani, John Oliver, Eric Andre, Florence Kasumba, Amy Sedaris and Alfre Woodard with Keegan-Michael Key.
Hans Zimmer composed the movie score. There is an original song by Elton John.
Much of the main cast signed on in early-2017. Filming of the movie began that summer at a movie studio in Los Angeles. The movie was released on July 19, 2019, the 25th anniversary of the animated classic.
Albavilla

Albavilla is a comune in the Province of Como in the Lombardy region in Italy.
Karl Wilhelm Scheibler

Karl Wilhelm Scheibler (1 September 1820 - 13 April 1881) was a German - Polish industrialist.
Richton Park, Illinois

Richton Park is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Zombie Land Saga

is an anime television series. MAPPA, Avex Pictures and Cygames produced the anime. It aired in Japan between October 4 and December 20, 2018. It aired on AT-X, Tokyo MX, Sun TV, BS11, Saga TV, and TVQ. Munehisa Sakai is the director. Shigeru Murakoshi is the writer. MAPPA is the animator.
Plot
In 2008, high school student Sakura Minamoto plans to become an idol. However, a truck kills her on the morning she goes to submit her application. Ten years later, Sakura is one of seven "legendary" girls from many parts of Japanese history who return as zombies in an idol group known as . They are brought back to life by a man who plans to revive Saga Prefecture.
Characters
Franchouchou
Supporting characters
Production
Cygames announced the anime on July 5, 2018. On August 31, 2018, voice actor Mamoru Miyano announced the anime's cast members.
Crunchyroll streamed the Japanese version with English subtitles. Funimation simulcasted an English version of the anime.
A second season, titled Zombie Land Saga Revenge, was announced on July 27, 2019.
Music
The opening theme song is . The ending theme song is . Both songs are sung by Franchouchou (Kaede Hondo, Asami Tano, Risa Taneda, Maki Kawase, Rika Kinugawa, and Minami Tanaka).
Reception
The opening theme song, Adabana Necromancy, charted at #13 in the Oricon Singles Chart on December 10, 2018. It charted at #1 in the Billboard Japan Download Songs chart on the same day.
One of the anime's characters, Lily Hoshikawa, is transgender. Anime News Network named the revelation of Lily's gender identity as "the [eighth] episode's biggest talking point". The Daily Dot named Lily as "trans Twitter's latest role model".
Zombie Land Saga won the 2019 Tokyo Anime Awards Festival award for Animation of the Year.
Other media
A manga adaptation by Megumu Soramichi began on Cygames' Cycomi website on October 8, 2018. A stage adaptation, titled Zombie Land Saga Stage de Do-n!, was scheduled for March 11 to 14, 2020. However, it was delayed to September 5 and 6 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A special featuring Franchouchou and Dempagumi.inc, , aired on September 1, 2020.
A visual fan book, , was released on September 3, 2020. It has a collaboration song between the two idol groups, .
Schönbrunn Palace

Schonbrunn Palace is a former imperial 1,441-room Rococo summer residence in Vienna, Austria. It is one of the most important cultural monuments in the country. Since the 1960s it has been one of the major tourist attractions in Vienna. The palace and gardens show the tastes and interests of Habsburg monarchs.
Early history
In the year 1569, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II purchased a large floodplain of the Wien river. It was between Meidling and Hietzing. The emperor had the area to be fenced and put game there such as pheasants, ducks, deer and boar. This was the court's recreational hunting ground. In a small separate part of the area, "exotic" birds such as turkeys and peafowl were kept. Fishponds were built, too.
The name Schonbrunn (meaning "beautiful spring") is from an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court.
During the next century, the area was used as a hunting and recreation ground. Eleonora Gonzaga, who loved hunting, spent much time there. She was given the area as her widow's residence after the death of her husband, Ferdinand II. From 1638 to 1643, she added a palace to the Katterburg mansion. In 1642 it was called "Schonbrunn" for the first time. The start of the Schonbrunn orangery seem to go back to Eleonora Gonzaga as well.
Gardens
The sculpted garden space between the palace and the Sun Fountain is called the Great Parterre. The French garden, a big part of the area, was planned by Jean Trehet in 1695. It has a maze.
Western parts were turned into English garden style in 1828-1852. At the outmost western edge, a botanical garden was made in 1828.
Sculptures
Lining the Great Parterre are 32 sculptures, which represent deities and virtues.
Recent history
After the end of the monarchy in 1918, the new Austrian Republic became the owner of Schonbrunn Palace. They made it a museum.
Later it was used for important events such as the meeting between John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev in 1961.
UNESCO catalogued Schonbrunn Palace on the World Heritage List in 1996, together with its gardens, as a remarkable Baroque ensemble and example of synthesis of the arts.
Lauren MacMullan

Lauren MacMullan (born April 30, 1964) is an American animation director.
She works at Walt Disney Animation Studios.
Biography
As a child, Lauren MacMullan lived near Philadelphia.
She graduated from Swarthmore High School in 1982. Then she studied in Harvard University.
Her first primetime TV job was on The Critic, followed by directing for King of the Hill. She went on to become the supervising director and designer for Mission Hill. After the show was cancelled quickly, she got a job directing on The Simpsons, and stayed for three seasons. She also has directed some episodes of Avatar: The Last Airbender, and won an Annie award for storyboarding on that show.
MacMullan was a sequence director on The Simpsons Movie.
Christoph Metzelder

Christoph Metzelder (born 5 November 1980 in Haltern, Germany) is a German football player. He plays for Real Madrid In the Germany national team he has played in 47 matches and scored no goal.
Uskudar University

Uskudar University is a university in Istanbul, Turkey. It was founded by the Human Values and Mental Health Foundation. It is the first university of Turkey for the study of Behavioral Health and Sciences.
The university consist of four undergraduate faculties, one Vocational School Of Health Services, and one institute.
Michael Parkinson

Sir Michael Parkinson CBE (28 March 1935 - 16 August 2023) was an English broadcaster, journalist, and writer. He was best known for his chat show Parkinson which ran from 1971 to 1982 and again from 1998 to 2007. The show's most famous moment from 1976 was when Rod Hull and Emu appeared and Emu attacked Parkinson. He was born in Cudworth, a village in South Yorkshire. He went to Barnsley Grammar School. He started his journalism career writing for local newspapers. His book Parky: My Autobiography was published on 2 October 2008.
Parkinson died at home in Bray, Berkshire from prostate cancer on 16 August 2023, aged 88.
Myon, Doubs

Myon is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
Smoking room

A smoking room is a versatile structure used in many institutions ranging from campuses to hospitals as a considerate measure for smokers to prevent non-smokers and children from passive smoking.
Islamabad Capital Territory

For the capital city of Pakistan, see Islamabad.
For the third largest city of Indian-occupied Kashmir, see Islamabad Town
The Islamabad Capital Territory (, ICT for short) is one of the two federal territories of Pakistan. The territory includes Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan. It covers an area of 1165.5 sqkm; in terms of area the territory of Islamabad is greater in area than Faroe Islands but smaller than Mauritius. Of this area, Islamabad city covers an area of 906 sqkm.
Colin Healy

Colin Healy (born 14 March 1980) is an Irish football player. He plays for Falkirk.
Kent Harris

Kent Levaughn Harris (October 15, 1930 - April 9, 2019) was an American songwriter and record producer. He was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Harris was best known as the writer of novelty tunes such as "Shoppin' for Clothes" and "Cops and Robbers".
Harris died of cancer on April 9, 2019 in San Diego, California at the age of 88.
10th century

The 10th century was a century that lasted from 901 to 1000. It was the last century of the 1st millennium.
Decades and years
Note: years before or after the 10th century are in italics.
St. Charles, Virginia

St. Charles, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Fatma Boussaha

Fatma Boussaha () (born January 22 1942 in Zaghouan - died October 27 2015) was a Tunisian Mezwed singer. Fatma Boussaha performed several titles like Ya ami echiffour (Hey my uncle the driver) and Ya karhebt Kamel (Hey the car of Kamel). She was known for her song Achchibani wassa (Laisse passer le Vieuxard) in 1999. Her last title, Trabek ghali ya touness, (Your dust is precious, Tunis) dates from 2012. At one time, she was banned from broadcasting on Tunisian television as were other mezoued artists. Boussaha died on Tuesday October 27, 2015 at her home.
At the end of her life, touched by cancer, she found herself alone facing her fight, leading the Ministry of Culture to take charge of her care within the framework of her program of assistance to artists.
Andrew Rivkin

Andrew Rivkin (born May 31, 1969) is a Canadian entrepreneur. He co-founded Cryptologic Inc
, which was one of the first online gambling software companies. He also co-founded Fun Technologies which is one of the largest online skill gaming provider worldwide. Andrew is an avid polo player, member of the Toronto Polo Club. He is also listed as a donor to the Mount Sinai Hospital of Toronto.
SummerSlam (2000)

SummerSlam (2000) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on August 27, 2000 at Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena in Raleigh, North Carolina. It was the thirteenth SummerSlam event held by the WWF.
The main event saw The Rock defeat Triple H and Kurt Angle in a Triple threat match to retain his WWF Championship. The Rock won the match by pinfall after he hit Triple H with the People's Elbow. A featured match on the undercard saw Kane and The Undertaker fight to a no contest. the match ended in a no contest after Undertaker unmasked Kane. Another main match on the undercard was Edge and Christian (c), The Hardy Boyz (Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy) and The Dudley Boyz (Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley) in the first Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match for the WWF Tag Team Championship. Edge and Christian won the match after they climbed the ladder and grabbed the belts that were hanging above the ring.
Unidentified flying object

A UFO (Unidentified Flying Object) is any object flying in the sky which cannot be identified by the person who sees it. Sometimes the object is investigated. If people can still not figure out what the object is after an investigation, it is called a UFO. If they figure out what the object is, it can no longer be called a UFO because it has been identified.
Even though UFOs can be anything, people often use the word UFO when they are talking about alien spacecraft. Flying saucer is another word that is often used to describe an unidentified flying object.
Identified flying objects (IFOs)
Studies estimate that 50-90% of all reported UFO sightings are identified later. Usually 10-20% are never identified. Studies also show that very few UFO sightings are hoaxes (people trying to trick other people). Most UFOs are actually natural or man-made objects that looked strange.
Lefty Grove

Robert Moses "Lefty" Grove (March 6, 1900 - May 22, 1975) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball.
Governor of Maryland

The Governor of Maryland heads the executive branch of the government of Maryland, and is the commander-in-chief of the state's National Guard units. The Governor is the highest-ranking official in the state and has a broad range of appointive powers in both the State and local governments, as specified by the Maryland Constitution. Because of the extent of these constitutional powers, the Governor of Maryland has been ranked as being among the most powerful Governors in the United States.
Rückersdorf, Bavaria

Ruckersdorf is a municipality in Nurnberger Land in Bavaria in Germany.
Division of Wills

The Division of Wills is an Australian Electoral Division of Victoria.
The division includes the northern Melbourne suburbs of Brunswick, Coburg, Pascoe Vale, Fawkner, Glenroy, and Essendon Airport. It was named after William John Wills, of the Burke and Wills expedition.
Members
Wills has been one of the safest Labor seats in the country. It has been held by Labor except between the 1992 by-election and the 1996 federal election. During this time it was held by independent Phil Cleary. The seat was held by Prime Minister Bob Hawke.
The 1992 by-election is remarkable for a number of reasons. It was caused by Bob Hawke's retirement from parliament. A record 22 people stood for election. It was won by an independent, Phil Cleary. However he was on unpaid leave from the state education system and the Australian Constitution forbids people employed by the government from standing for election. No replacement by-election was held as the court decision which threw out the results was made shortly before a general election was due.
Melissa (song)

"Melissa" (sometimes called "Sweet Melissa") is a 1972 song by The Allman Brothers Band and is the second single from their fourth studio album Eat a Peach. It was written by Gregg Allman in 1967. It did not chart on any of the Billboard charts.
Great Seal of California

The Great Seal of California was adopted at the California state Constitutional Convention of 1849. It has had some minor changes since then. The last change was in 1937.
Some of the things seal shows are the Roman goddess Minerva, the word Eureka (which is the California state motto), the words "The Great Seal of the State of California", and a California grizzly bear.
Gamora

Gamora is a Marvel Comics character created by Jim Starlin and is Thanos' adoptive daughter. She is a member of the Guardians of the Galaxy.
Portrayals
Gamora has been played by Zoe Saldana in four movies and has been voiced by Vanessa Marshall and Nika Futterman in cartoons.
Lierna

Lierna is a comune in the province of Lecco in Lombardy, in north-west Italy. It lies on the eastern shore of Lake Como. It is about north of Milan and about north-west of Lecco. It has an area of 11.3 km2 and has twelve frazioni: Bancola, Casate, Castello, Cisarino, Genico, Giussana, Grumo, La Foppa, Mugiasco, Olcianico, Sornico and Villa. At the end of 2014 the population was 2176 people, in 983 families. Lierna is the most represented village on Lake Como over the centuries in works of art.
Lierna borders the comunes of Esino Lario, Mandello del Lario, Oliveto Lario and Varenna.
History
The first mention of Lierna dates to 854 AD, but Roman remains, including a mosaic floor now in the Palazzo Belgioioso of Lecco, attest to much earlier settlement. The name of the village may be of Roman or of Celtic origin. Between 1035 and 1202 it was a feud of the Monastery of San Dionigi in Milan. Lierna was contested between Milan and Como, and between the Della Torre and Visconti families. It passed into the hands of the Marchesino Stanga in 1499, and in 1533 to the Sfondrati family of Cremona, who held it until 1788. Lierna became a comune in 1743, when it was separated from that of Mandello.
In 1927 the Milanese sculptor Giannino Castiglioni opened a studio at his house in Lierna. He died in Lierna on 27 August 1971. He left some preparatory plaster casts to the comune; a museum to house them is under construction.
In 1933 an incomplete fossil of Lariosaurus balsami, a nothosaurid from the Middle Triassic (circa 240 million years ago) of which the first example was discovered at Perledo, some 10 km north of Lierna, was found in a quarry in the frazione of Grumo. It is now in the Museo di Storia Naturale in the Palazzo Belgioioso of Lecco.
National Day Parade

The Singapore National Day Parade (Abbreviation: NDP) is a national ceremony in Singapore. It includes a parade on Singapore's National Day on August 9 to celebrate Singapore's independence. It is usually held at the Padang (1966 - 1974), the National Stadium, or The Float@Marina Bay.
Singapore celebrated its first National Day in 1966. This was one year after Singapore's independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965.
Killing a Traitor

Killing a Traitor () is an Iranian movie Drama, written and directed by Masoud Kimiai.
This movie depicts the life of Mehdi Baligh, the most famous Iranian thief and swindler.
Also Killing a Traitor was make in February 2021 in the cinema town of Tehran.
Ken Clark

Ken Clark is a retired weightlifter from USA. Clark competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 10 November 1955.
Country code top-level domain

A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country (a sovereign state or a dependent territory).
Joe Szura

Joseph Boleslaw Szura (December 18, 1938 - October 13, 2006) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 90 games in the National Hockey League for the California Golden Seals and 115 games in the World Hockey Association for the Los Angeles Sharks and Houston Aeros. Szura was born in Fort William, Ontario.
Binge drinking

Binge drinking is an unhealthy way of drinking alcoholic beverages. When people binge drink, they usually drink a lot of alcohol in a short time, or drink with the goal of getting drunk.
Binge drinking is very common in the United States. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that in the U.S.:
More than half of the alcohol drunk by adults is drunk during binge drinking; and
About 90% of the alcohol drunk by youth under age 21 is drunk during binge drinking.
What exactly is binge drinking?
Different researchers and countries sometimes have different definitions of what exactly binge drinking is.
United States
In the United States, the most common definition of binge drinking was created by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in 2009. It says that binge drinking is a pattern of drinking alcohol that brings a person's blood alcohol content (BAC) to 0.08 or more. Blood alcohol content is the percentage of ethanol in the person's blood. (In the United States, a BAC of 0.08 means a person is legally drunk.) This means that a person would be binge drinking if:
A usual adult man had five or more drinks in about two hours
A usual adult woman had four or more drinks in about two hours.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the National Health Service says that binge drinking is having "eight or more units [of alcohol] in a single [drinking] session for men and six or more for women." (Units are used in the United Kingdom to measure alcohol.) This means a person would be binge drinking if:
A usual adult man drank four glasses of wine, or three and a half pints of beer, in a single drinking session
A usual adult woman drank three glasses of wine, or three pints of beer, in a single drinking session
European Union
A recent report paid for by the European Union suggested that binge drinking should be defined, across Europe, as drinking "60g alcohol (men) and 40g alcohol (women) in a period of about two hours."
Dangers of binge drinking
Binge drinking can be dangerous. It can cause alcohol poisoning. If a person drinks too much, they can stop breathing and die. Binge drinking can also damage the liver.
Also, it increases binge drinkers' risks of having other problems. Binge drinkers are more likely than people who do not binge drink to:
Hurt themselves accidentally (for example, by falling or drowning)
Physical aggression like hitting, kicking, or slapping
Psychological intimidation, belittling, or humiliation
Forced sexual intercourse or activities
Controlling behaviors like isolating the person from friends and family.
Breckenridge Hills, Missouri

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Lynlee Smith

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She was born in Auckland. She was educated at Westlake Girls High School. She played for Arizona State University's women's water polo team.
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Division
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Since 1668 the church has been part of the benefice of St Martin and St Paul Canterbury. Both St Martin's and nearby St Paul's churches are used for weekly services. The current rector of the parish is the Reverend Mark Richard Griffin.
Early history
St Martin's was the private chapel of Queen Bertha of Kent (died in or after 601). Queen Bertha was a Christian Frankish princess who arrived in England with her chaplain, Bishop Liudhard. Her pagan husband, King AEthelberht of Kent, let her to continue to practise her religion by renovating (ca. AD 580) an existing church. As Bede named it, this church was dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours. It is the city located near where Bertha grew up.
Upon Augustine's arrival, he used St Martin's as his mission headquarters. King AEthelberht was baptised here. When Canterbury Cathedral and St Augustine's Abbey were established, St Martin's lost its initial prestige. However, it still remains of historical importance.
Architecture
Local finds prove that Christianity did exist in this area of the city at the time. The church contains many reused Roman bricks or spolia. It also has complete sections of walls of Roman tiles. At the core of the church the brick remains of a Roman tomb were integrated into the structure. Several sections of walls are clearly very early. It is possible that a blocked square-headed doorway in the chancel was the entrance to Bertha's church. Meanwhile, other sections of wall come from the period after the Gregorian mission in the 7th or 8th centuries. The apse that was originally at the east end has been removed. The tower came much later, in Perpendicular style. The church is a Grade I listed building.
Graves
Many notable local families and well-known graves were buried in its churchyard. These people include:
Thomas Sidney Cooper
Mary Tourtel
Rupert Bear
Music
The church has a continuing musical tradition from the monks of St Augustine to the present day. The choral director for the parish is Dom del Nevo.
The tower has three bells set for swing-chiming using levers.
Conservation of energy

This article refers to the law of conservation of energy in physics. For energy resources sustainably, see: Energy conservation.
In physics, the conservation of energy is that energy can not be created or destroyed, it can only be changed from one form to another, such as when electrical energy is changed into heat energy. Formally, it says that the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant, although it may change forms, e.g. friction turns kinetic energy into thermal energy. In thermodynamics, the first law of thermodynamics is a statement of the conservation of energy for thermodynamic systems.
From a mathematical point of view, the energy conservation law is a consequence of the shift symmetry of time; energy conservation is a result of the empirical fact that the laws of physics do not change with time itself. Philosophically, this can be stated as "nothing depends on time per se (time itself)".
Historical information
Ancient philosophers as far back as Thales of Miletus had the idea that there is some underlying substance of which everything is made. But that is not the same as our concept of "mass-energy" today (for example, Thales thought the underlying substance was water).
In 1638, Galileo published his analysis of several situations. This included the famous "interrupted pendulum". This can be described (in modernized language) as conservatively converting potential energy to kinetic energy and back again. However, Galileo did not explain the process in modern terms and had not understood the modern concept either. The German Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz during 1676-1689 attempted a mathematical formulation of the kind of energy which is connected with motion (kinetic energy). Leibniz noticed that in many mechanical systems (of several masses, mi each with velocity vi ),
was conserved so long as the masses did not interact. He called this quantity the vis viva or living force of the system. The principle represents an accurate statement of the approximate conservation of kinetic energy in situations where there is no friction.
Meanwhile, in 1843 James Prescott Joule independently discovered the mechanical equivalent in a series of experiments. In the most famous, now called the "Joule apparatus", a descending weight attached to a string caused a paddle immersed in water to rotate. He showed that the gravitational potential energy lost by the weight in descending was approximately equal to the thermal energy (heat) gained by the water by friction with the paddle.
Over the period 1840-1843, similar work was carried out by engineer Ludwig A. Colding though it was little-known outside his native Denmark.
Proof
It is easy to see that
which is also
Assuming that and that , then
(Since )
Therefore, energy does not vary with time.
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Hybrid vehicle

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Jeschke was in Tetschen, Czechoslovakia (now Decin, Czech Republic). He grew up in Asperg near Ludwigsburg, Baden-Wurttemberg.
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