Overseas France

Overseas France () is the part of France that is outside of the European continent. It consists of all overseas departments, territories and collectivities. These territories have several different legal statuses and levels of autonomy. Overseas France includes island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, French Guiana in South America, and Adelie Land in Antarctica. Each inhabited territory is represented in both the French National Assembly and the French Senate (which together make up the Parliament of France).
2,685,705 people lived in the overseas departments and territories in January 2011.
Types of territories
Overseas departments and regions
Overseas departments and regions are completely part of France.
Guadeloupe (since 1946)
Martinique (since 1946)
French Guiana (since 1946)
Reunion (since 1946)
Mayotte (since 2011)
From 1976 to 2003, Mayotte was a unique overseas territory. Between 2003 and 2011, it was an overseas community. It became an overseas department on 31 March 2011, after its citizens voted to become a full part of France.
Overseas collectivities
The category of overseas collectivity was created by changes made to France's constitution in 28 March 2003. Each overseas collectivity has its own written laws.
French Polynesia (since 2003)
From 1946 to 2003, French Polynesia was an overseas territory. In 2004, it was given the designation of overseas country ().
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (since 2003)
From 1976 to 1985, Saint Pierre and Miquelon was an overseas department. Between 1985 and 2003, it was a unique overseas territory.
Wallis and Futuna (since 2003)
From 1961 to 2003, Wallis and Futuna was an overseas territory.
Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy (since 2007)
Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy both separated from Guadeloupe in 2003. They became separate overseas collectivities of their own on 22 February 2007.
Special collectivity
New Caledonia (since 1999)
New Caledonia was classified as an overseas territory from 1946. It gained a special status in 1999 as a result of the Noumea Accord. It has its own citizenship, and power is gradually being passed from the French state to New Caledonia itself. A referendum on independence is to be called any time between 2014 and 2019.
Overseas territories
French Southern and Antarctic Lands (since 1956)
Minor territories
Clipperton Island is held as private property under the direct authority of the French government. It has no permanent population.
Representation
The overseas departments and territories are represented by 27 deputes in the French National Assembly and 21 senators in the French Senate. This is 4.7% of the 577 deputes and 6% of the 343 senators.
Reunion: 7 deputes and 4 senators
Guadeloupe: 4 deputes and 3 senators
Martinique: 4 deputes and 2 senators
French Polynesia: 3 deputes and 2 senators
French Guiana: 2 deputes and 2 senators
Mayotte: 2 depute and 2 senators
New Caledonia: 2 deputes and 2 senators
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: 1 depute and 1 senator
Wallis and Futuna: 1 depute and 1 senator
Saint Barthelemy and Saint Martin: 1 depute and 2 senators
List of territories
Inhabited departments and collectivities
The 11 French Overseas Territories are :
Uninhabited lands
Lands generally uninhabited, except by researchers in scientific stations.