kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Declination

Declination (abbrev. dec or d) is a word used in astronomy to describe one of the two coordinates of the equatorial coordinate system, the other being either right ascension or hour angle. Dec is comparable to latitude, projected onto the celestial sphere, and is measured in degrees north and south of the celestial equator.
Essex, New York

Essex is a town in Essex County, New York, United States overlooking Lake Champlain. The population was 671 at the 2010 census. The town is named after locations in England.
2007 UEFA European Under-19 Championship squads

Players born on or after 1 January 1988 were available to participate in the tournament. Players' age as of 16 July 2007 - the tournament's starting day. Players in bold have later been capped at full international level.
Group A
Head coach: Hermann Stadler
Head coach: Nikos Nioplias
Head coach: Edgar Borges
Head coach: Juan Santisteban
Only 19 players in Spain squad.
Álvaro Valera Muñoz-Vargas

Alvaro Valera Munoz-Vargas (born October 16, 1982 in Seville) is a table tennis athlete from Spain. He has a physical disability: he is class 3 player and competes while using a wheelchair. In 2012, he lived in Madrid. He played table tennis at the 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2008 Summer Paralympics, 2012 Summer Paralympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics. In 2008, he finished third in the Class 3 singles table tennis game. In 2008, he finished third in the Class 7 men's singles. In 2012, he finished second in the Class 6 men's singles and in the Team Class 6-8 game.
Plasmodesma

Plasmodesma (plural is 'plasmodesmata') is a microscopic channel across the cell wall of a plant cell. It allows transport and communication between neighbouring cells. Plasmodesmata also evolved independently in some algae.
Unlike animal cells, every plant cell is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall. Neighbouring plant cells are therefore separated by a pair of cell walls. Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble molecules, plasmodesmata allow direct, regulated, intercellular transport of substances between cells.
Similar structures connect animal cells. Stromules form between plastids in plant cells.
Storvik

Storvik is a locality in Sandviken Municipality in Gavleborg County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,165 people lived there.
Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius

Dilan Yesilgoz-Zegerius (; born 18 June 1977) is a Dutch politician. She is the Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy since 2023. She has also been the Minister of Justice and Security since 10 January 2022. She is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). She was a member of the House of Representatives from 2017 to 2021.
On 12 July 2023, two days after Mark Rutte's resignation, Yesilgoz-Zegerius announced her candidacy to become the next Leader of the VVD. The next day, the party board formally nominated her for the position.
Yesilgoz-Zegerius was born in Ankara, Turkey. She emigrated to the Netherlands as a child. Her mother is from a Turkish origin and her father is Kurdish. Her parents sought asylum in the Netherlands in 1980, after the 1980 coup.
She is an atheist. She married Rene Zegerius, a Jewish Dutch man, in 2013.
Surface water

Surface water is water on the surface of the planet, above the ground. It is the water in rivers, lakes, wetlands and oceans. It is different to groundwater, which is in the soil, and atmospheric water, which is in the sky.
Fresh surface water is added to by precipitation and by taking ground-water from the ground. It is lost through evaporation, where it becomes atmospheric water, or through seepage into the ground, where it becomes ground water. It is also lost through use by plants for transpiration, animals for drinking, or by humans for agriculture, washing and other purposes. Fresh water is also discharged to the ocean, where it becomes salt water.
St. Cloud State University

The St. Cloud State University is a university in St. Cloud, Minnesota. It was established in 1869. It has over 15,000 students. It is the largest member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system.
St. Cloud State has teams in 20 NCAA sports, plus the non-NCAA sport of Nordic skiing, nicknamed Huskies. Of the NCAA teams, 18 play in the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference, a Division II conference. The men's and women's ice hockey teams compete in the top-level NCAA Division I, with the men playing in the National Collegiate Hockey Conference and the women in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.
Tanker

Tanker may be:
Transportation
Tanker (ship), a ship to carry bulk liquids
Chemical tanker, a type of tanker to transport chemicals in bulk
Oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker
LNG carrier, a ship for transporting liquefied natural gas
Tank car, a railroad freight car for carrying bulk liquids
Tank truck, a heavy road vehicle for carrying bulk liquids
Water tender, a firefighting vehicle used to carry large amounts of water to a fire
Tanker (aircraft), an aircraft for in-flight refuelling
Tanker 910, a specific aircraft used to drop water or retardant on fires in California
Other
Andre Tanker (1941-2003), Trinidadian musician and composer
Tanker (album), a 1988 album by Bailter Space
List of counties in Kansas

There are 105 counties in the U.S. state of Kansas.
Aldo Serena

Aldo Serena (born 25 June, 1960) is a former Italian football player. He has played for the Italian national team.
Hagen Reinhold

Hagen Reinhold (born 23 March 1978) is a German politician. He was born in Wismar. He is a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). Reinhold has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern since 2017.
On 12 March 2020, during the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic, it was made clear that Reinhold had tested positive for COVID-19.
Tassos Papadopoulos

Tassos (Efstathios) Nikolaou Papadopoulos (; 7 January 1934 - 12 December 2008) was a Cypriot politician. He served as the fifth President of the Republic of Cyprus from February 28, 2003 to February 28, 2008.
Papadopoulos died on 12 December 2008 from a type of lung cancer in Nicosia, Cyprus, aged 74.
Baraga, Michigan

Baraga ( ) is a village in Baraga County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,053 at the 2010 census.
Reykjanesbær

Reykjanesbaer is a municipality in south western Iceland. It is made up of the towns Keflavik, Njardvik, the village of Hafnir and Asbru. The municipality was created in 1995. Reykjanesbaer is the fifth largest municipality in Iceland. It has a population of 14,527 people.
Nick Cordero

Nicholas Eduardo Alberto Cordero (September 17, 1978 - July 5, 2020) was a Canadian actor. He appeared on Broadway in 2014 in the musical Bullets Over Broadway in the role of Cheech, for which he was nominated for the Tony Award and the Drama Desk Award. He also starred in the Off-Broadway production of The Toxic Avenger and as Dennis in Rock of Ages on Broadway in 2012 and on tour. In March 2016, he joined the Broadway production of Waitress, playing the role of Earl. On television, he played Victor Lugo in Blue Bloods.
In April 2020, Cordero was diagnosed with COVID-19. His right leg was amputated as a result of problems from his illness. On May 1, 2020, he had a lung damage and was given a tracheotomy.
Cordero died from problems caused by the infection on July 5, 2020 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, aged 41.
Creating Opportunities

Creating Opportunities (Spanish name Creando Oportunidades, CREO, the acronym also being the Spanish word for "I believe") is an Ecuadorian political movement founded in January 2012 and participated in the 2013 presidential elections with Guillermo Lasso as their candidate for president.
Louis III of France

Louis III of France (born 863-865, died 5 August 882), king of Western Francia, was the second son of King Louis the Stammerer and Ansgarde. He and his brother Carloman, both became king together and ruled together after his father's death in 879.
Louis won an important battle against the Viking pirates at the Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu, in 881. He died in August 882 at Saint Denis after falling from his horse. Because he had no children, his brother Carloman became the sole king.
Buick Enclave

The Buick Enclave is a full-sized luxury SUV that is built by General Motors's Buick brand. The Buick was first shown at the 2006 North American International Auto Show. The Buick won the Best New SUV / CUV (over C$60,000) award from the AJAC in 2008. The Enclave replaced the Terraza minivan, the Rainier SUV and the mid-sized Rendezvous CUV. The Enclave's styling is based off the Buick Centieme concept crossover.
Federal monarchy

A federal monarchy is a federation of states with a single monarch as overall head of the federation, but also having lesser monarchs, or a republican system of government, in the various states joined to the federation. An example is Malaysia.
Nonthaburi province

Nonthaburi is a province in Thailand. Its central town is Nonthaburi, about 25 km north-west of Bangkok. There are many government buildings in Nonthaburi.
Tourists and locals head to Wat Poramai-yikawat -- a mon styled temple, and Wat Sanam Nua temple for worship.
R142A (New York City Subway Car)

The R142A is a New York City Subway Car by Kawasaki. It was built and delivered from 1999 to 2003 , the R142A numbers are 7211 to 7810 and the R142 and R142A were the first series of New Technology Trains , it was built for operation on the NYC Subway A division (number services).
Darwin's Arch

Darwin's Arch was a natural rock arch on the southeast of Darwin Island on the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The arch sat on a rocky plateau, nicknamed "the theatre".
The arch collapsed because of natural erosion on May 17, 2021, leaving two freestanding pillars.
Glenn Beck

Glenn Edward Lee Beck (born February 10, 1964) is an American conservative radio and television show host. He was born in Everett, Washington. His television show, The Glenn Beck Program, has been played on Fox News Channel and on CNN's Headline News. However, in April 2011, the Fox News Channel said it would stop showing Beck's show later that year. The show was cancelled in June 2011 and was replaced by The Five. He now has an online site called TheBlaze (it was called GBTV) where he does shows that people can pay to see.
Popularity
Over 9 million people listen to his radio show every day. Usually, between 2 and 3 million people watch his television show every day. He has written nine books. Also, he sometimes tells his audience about books he thinks they should read. Several books that Beck recommended became the most popular book on Amazon.com.
Although Beck's show is very popular, not everybody agrees with his views. He has been criticized for calling Barack Obama a racist and for talking about conspiracy theories.
Personal life
Beck is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also known as the Mormon church).
Health
Beck has been addicted to drugs and alcohol. He has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. On November 10, 2014, Beck announced on TheBlaze that he had been suffering from a severe neurological disorder for at least the last five years.
Anton Mavretič

Anton Mavretic (11 December 1934 - 21 November 2019) was a Slovene electrical engineer. He worked in the United States. He died on 21 November 2019 at the age of 84. He was born in Metlika, Slovenia.
Mavretic was professor and research associate at the Center for Space Physics at Boston University. He was a corresponding member of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts from June 2007 until his death. In 1985 he founded his consulting firm SIAT of Boston LLC.
Mavretic worked for the MIT Center for Space Research under contract for NASA from 1972 to 1979. He worked for the development of plasma spectrometers for Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 projects.
Wolfratshausen

Wolfratshausen (German pronunciation: [volfRa:ts'haUzn]; West Central Bavarian: Woifradshausn) is a town in Bad Tolz-Wolfratshausen, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
Longuevillette

Longuevillette is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Doxing

Doxing is the process of finding or uncovering personal information about a person, group, organization or corporate entity. This information is collected for the purpose of publishing it online. The result of doxing is called a dox. Doxing is usually done with the intent to harm someone. Doxing can be used to help police or to assist criminals. Typically, a person is doxed for revenge-based reasons, motivating the person who is wronged or who has perceived a wrong to humiliate and expose their target. Doxing us illegal in many countries .
Zhangixalus arvalis

The farmland green tree frog (Zhangixalus arvalis) is a frog. It lives in Taiwan. People have seen it as high as 1000 meters above sea level.
International Shooting Sport Federation

The International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) is the governing body of the Olympic Shooting events in rifle, pistol and shotgun (clay target) disciplines, and of several non-Olympic Shooting sport events. ISSF's activities include regulation of the sport, Olympic qualifications and organization of international competitions such as the ISSF World Cup Series, the ISSF World Cup Finals, the ISSF Separate World Championship in Shotgun events and the ISSF World Championship in all events.
Founded in 1907 as the International Shooting Union (), and then changing its name in 1998, the ISSF affiliates nowadays over 150 National Shooting Federations from Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania. The ISSF Presidency is held by Mr. Vladimir Lisin, a Russian steel tycoon since the 30th of November 2018. Mr. Lisin was also President of the European Shooting Confederation until October 2021. The ISSF headquarters is in Munich, Germany.
Competitions and records
The ISSF recognizes the following competitions as ISSF Championships:
The Olympic Games every four years (Olympic events only)
The ISSF World Shooting Championships every four years, plus every other year for shotgun events
The ISSF World Cup four times a year plus a final (Olympic events only)
The ISSF Junior World Cup four times a year plus a final (Olympic events only)
Regional championships, such as the European Championships or the Pan-American Games, with regularity that is decided on the regional level
These are the only competitions that have direct supervision from ISSF committees, and the only competitions where world records can be set. This leads to many national records in fact being higher than the world records.
Australian National University

The Australian National University (ANU) in Canberra, Australia, is the only university set up by the Federal Government of Australia. The law to start the university was passed in 1946. It was set up to be a research university for subjects of national importance. These included physics, medicine, social sciences and Pacific studies. The university started undergraduate courses in 1960.
Nobel prizes
ANU has had five Nobel Prize winners:
Sir Howard Florey (1946) who was Chancellor of the University 1965--1968
Professor John Eccles (1963) - first Professor of Physiology at the John Curtin School of Medical Research
Professor John C. Harsanyi (1994) - economics teacher at ANU from 1958--1961
Professor Rolf Zinkernagel and Professor Peter Doherty (1996) - researchers at the John Curtin School of Medical Research.
Software suite

A software suite or application suite, is a collection of computer programs --usually application software or programming software-- of related functionality, often sharing a more-or-less common user interface and some ability to smoothly exchange data with each other. .
Sometimes software "suites" are at a lower price than buying each of "suite" programs.
Viv Richards

Viv Richards (born in 1952) is a former West Indian cricketer.
Richards is from Antigua. He played for Somerset and the West Indies.
Wisden elected him one of the five cricketers of the 20th century.
Eleni Kounalakis

Eleni Tsakopoulos Kounalakis (born 1966) is an American politician and businesswoman. She is the 50th Lieutenant Governor of California since January 2019. She is a member of the Democratic Party.
Before entering politics, she was the United States Ambassador to Hungary from 2010 to 2013 during the Barack Obama presidency. She was sworn into office on January 7, 2010.
On April 24, 2017, Kounalakis announced her bid for the office of Lieutenant Governor of California in the 2018 election and came in first place in the June 2018 primary election, followed closely by State Senator Ed Hernandez. Kounalakis was elected as Lieutenant Governor alongside Gavin Newsom as Governor on November 6, 2018.
News about Lieutenant Governor Eleni Kounalakis' bid for governor was broke by Politico on April 24, 2023.
God's eye view

God's eye view is a name for a point of view where the speaker or writer assumes he or she has knowledge only God would have. It appears several ways:
In religion, when an institution claims to speak for a divine being.
In writing, when an author leaves the point of view of the main actor to start writing about things they could not know if the story were in real life.
In science, when a scientist ignores the way a subject-object problem affects statistics or an observer effect affects experiment.
In medicine when a doctor makes a claim that The Gaze they use on a patient, actually sees the problem, rather than making a guess at a problem.
In ethics when a statement is made about who or what is right, without an honest attempt to make the process of deciding this consider all points of view.
A special case of the last is in a wiki with a GodKing. Often this person can get others to believe what they say about what is right, without making any special effort to be fair to other views.
Many people think Rene Descartes took a God's eye view when he said cogito ergo sum. George Berkeley argued that optics from Isaac Newton and Johannes Kepler also had this problem.
Lil' Kim

Kimberly Denise Jones, better known as Lil' Kim (born July 11, 1974), is an American rapper and actress. She released her first album, Hard Core, in 1996. It was very successful. In 2001 she released a single with Christina Aguilera, Mya, and Pink called "Lady Marmalade" for the Moulin Rouge! soundtrack which reached number 1 on the US Billboard Hot 100, making her the first female rapper to have a number 1 on the chart. It also reached number 1 in 13 other countries and won two MTV Video Music Awards and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. Kim also rapped on Aguilera's 2003 single "Can't Hold Us Down". It was nominated for the 2004 Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals.
Career
In 1994 Kim was a member of rap group Junior M.A.F.I.A.. The group released one album Conspiracy in 1995.
In 1999, Kim started her own record label, Queen Bee Entertainment. Kim left Junior M.A.F.I.A. in late 2001.
In 2003 Kim released a single called "Magic Stick". 50 Cent raps in the song. It reached number 2 in the Hot 100 and was also nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the Grammy Awards. In 2012 she did a tour of the United States, Return of the Queen Tour.
Kim released her first solo single in four years, "Looks Like Money" in 2013. On November, 29 (Black Friday), 2013 Kim is going to release a mixtape, Hard Core 2K13. She released the first song from it, "Dead Gal Walking" Halloween 2013.
Fights
Kim has been in a fight with Nicki Minaj since Pink Friday.
Detoxification

Detoxification is when any toxic thing is removed from the human body, for example alcohol, drugs or poison. Alternative medicine sometimes claims to remove "toxins" from the body
Qin dynasty

The Qin dynasty ruled in China from 221 BC to 206 BC (15 years). It was created by the warlord Qin Shi Huang during the Warring States Period and defeated several other states in the area to unite China. The Qin ruled China for only a very short time, during which they built both the Terracotta Army and parts of the Great Wall of China.
The second, and final emperor, Qin Er Shi, was overthrown by a popular rebellion after the first Qin emperor died. It was followed by the Han dynasty. The Han dynasty was founded by Liu Bang in 202 BC. The Qin Dynasty made its mark in China's history.
1967 Formula One season

The 1967 Formula One season crowned as champion Denny Hulme.
Mawtini

"Mawtini" (; "My Homeland") is the national anthem of Iraq.
Lyrics
Mühlheim am Main

Muhlheim am Main is a town in Offenbach in Hesse, Germany. About 28,500 people live there.
It is on the left bank of the river Main.
Mutagen

A mutagen is a substance or a process that changes the genetic material of an organism. Mutagens also increase the number of mutations that occur. Many mutagens also cause cancer, so they are also carcinogens. Examples of mutagens are ionizing radiation, many bromine compounds, benzene. A test to detect mutagens is the Ames test.
Hitoshi Sogahata

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sogahata was born in Kashima on August 2, 1979. He joined J1 League club Kashima Antlers based in his local from youth team in 1998. He debuted against Avispa Fukuoka on May 8, 1999 and played several matches until 2000. Although he could not play many matches behind Japan national team player Daijiro Takakuwa until 2000, Sogahata played in semifinals and final at 2000 J.League Cup and Antlers won the champions. He was also selected "New Hero Awards". In 2001, he became a regular goalkeeper instead Takakuwa and Sogahata played as regular goalkeeper for long time. Antlers won the champions in 2001 J1 League for 2 years in a row. In 2002 season, he was selected Best Eleven award. Antlers also won the champions in 2002 J.League Cup. In 2007, Antlers won the champions in J1 League for the first time in 6 years. Antlers also won the champions in 2007 Emperor's Cup. Antlers won the champions in J1 League for 3 years in a row (2007-2009). From 2010 season, Antlers won the champions 2010 Emperor's Cup, 2011 and 2012 J.League Cup. He also played all matches from 2008 season to 2014 season. He played for 244 consecutive matches until last match in 2014 season which is J1 League record. In 2015, although he could not play all matches in J1 League, Antlers won the champions in J.League Cup. In 2016, Antlers won the champions in J1 League and qualified for 2016 Club World Cup as host country champions. At Club World Cup, he played all 4 matches and won the 2nd place. In 2017, Antlers gained new goalkeeper Kwoun Sun-tae and Sogahata battles for the position with Kwoun Sun-tae. However Sogahata could not play many matches behind Kwoun Sun-tae from 2017. In 2018 AFC Champions League, he played 4 matches and Antlers won the champions first Asian title in the club history. He retired end of the 2020 season.
On November 7, 2001, Sogahata debuted for the Japan national team against Italy. However he could not play many matches behind Yoshikatsu Kawaguchi and Seigo Narazaki. Sogahata was a member of Japan for 2002 World Cup. He played 3 games for Japan until 2003. In August 2004, Sogahata was selected the Japan U-23 national team as over aged player for 2004 Summer Olympics. At this tournament, he played full time in all 3 matches.
McChicken

The McChicken is a kind of chicken sandwich from McDonald's restaurants. It is made with chicken breast meat in a fried coating made from bread crumbs. A man used a McChicken in a crime in Des Moines, Iowa. He threw the sandwich at his wife. The force of the hit broke her nose.
Zafarullah Khan Jamali

Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali (Urdu/Baloch: myr Zfrllh khn jmly) (January 1, 1944 - December 2, 2020) was a Pakistani politician and businessman. He was the 15th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2002 to 2004. He was the chairman of the Pakistan Hockey Federation. Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali was born in present-day Balochistan, Pakistan.
Jamali died of a heart attack on December 2, 2020 in Rawalpindi, Pakistan at the age of 76.
Friedrich Merz

Friedrich Merz (born 11 November 1955) is a German lawyer and politician. He is the Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2022. He was a Member of the European Parliament 1989 to 1994, a member of the Bundestag from 1994 to 2009, and as the chairman of CDU/CSU parliamentary group from 2000 to 2002.
In 2018 he announced his candidacy in the CDU leadership election in December 2018. He lost the election to Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer. In February 2020, he announced his second candidacy for the party's 2021 leadership election. He lost the race on 16 January 2021 after losing to Armin Laschet in the second round.
In March 2020, Merz was tested positive for COVID-19 during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
On 15 November 2021, Merz announced his candidacy in the second 2021 CDU leadership election to replace Armin Laschet. He ran against Norbert Rottgen and Helge Braun. On 17 December 2021, he was elected leader in a landslide victory.
Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib

Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib (; ; -570) was the father of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Academy Award for Best Original Song

The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given every year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to the songwriters who write the best original song specifically for a movie. Only songs that are "original and written specifically for the motion picture" can win.
The award category was first given at the 7th Academy Awards. That ceremony was for 1934 movies. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers. All Academy members vote for the winner.
Morges

Morges is a city in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is the capital of the district Morges.
1968 Democratic National Convention protests

Protest activity against the Vietnam War took place before and during the 1968 Democratic National Convention.
In 1967, counterculture and anti-Vietnam War protest groups had been promising to come to Chicago and ruin the convention, and the city promised to maintain law and order.
For eight days the protesters were met by the Chicago Police Department in the streets and parks of Chicago while the U.S. Democratic Party met at the convention in the International Amphitheater, with the protests became violent in what a major report later said was a "police riot" on the night of August 28, 1968.
Carnforth

Carnforth is a town near the M6 motorway in Lancashire, England. In 2001 there were 5,350 people living in Carnforth.
Ukrainian Canadians

Ukrainian Canadians (; ) are Canadian citizens of Ukrainian descent or Ukrainian-born people who immigrated to Canada. In 2016, there were an estimated 1,359,655 persons of full or partial Ukrainian origin living in Canada (most being Canadian-born citizens), making them Canada's eleventh largest ethnic group and giving Canada the world's third-largest Ukrainian population behind Ukraine itself and Russia.
The Walt Disney Company France

The Walt Disney Company France () is one of The Walt Disney Company's international divisions. It is headquartered in Paris, Ile-de-France For Disney Channel
The Walt Disney Company
Andance

Andance is a town and commune of the Ardeche departement, in the southern part of France.
Amor Prohibido (disambiguation)

Amor Prohibido () may be for:
Music
Amor Prohibido (album), an album by Daniela Romo
Amor Prohibido, an album by Selena
"Amor Prohibido" (song), a song by Selena
Amor Prohibido Tour, a 1994 tour by Selena
Movies
Amor prohibido (movie), a movie by Luis Cesar Amadori
MSN

MSN (formerly the Microsoft Network), is a web portal (a website used to enter the Internet).
Web portal
The web portal launched on August 24 1995 by Microsoft. The site was launched at around the same time as Windows 95. Through MSN, people can create an e-mail account using MSN Hotmail, a blog using MSN Spaces, a group using MSN Groups and plenty more. It is now the #2 visited site in the world behind Yahoo!. Many people have come across this site in one way or another because it is the default main page of Internet Explorer.
MSN Messenger
MSN is also the name for MSN Messenger (now called Windows Live Messenger). It is an instant messenger, which allows people to communicate through conversations over an internet connection. As well as conversations using text, this program also allows voice and video conversations. You can even use small emoticons to express what you are trying to say. Messages are sent and received very quickly from around the globe. Its current messenger client is Windows Live Messenger.
MSN Hotmail
Hotmail is a free email service from MSN. It started in 1995. It was bought by Microsoft in 1997. Microsoft Hotmail accounts are used to log in to MSN Messenger.
Aparna Brielle

Aparna Brielle (born Aparna Parthasarathy; February 5, 1994) is an American actress. She is known for playing Sarika Sarkar on the NBC television series A.P. Bio.
Feynman diagram

A Feynman diagram is a diagram that shows what happens when elementary particles collide.
Feynman diagrams are used in quantum mechanics. A Feynman diagram has lines in different shapes--straight, dotted, and squiggly--which meet up at points. The points in Feynman diagrams represent a meeting between three particles at the same point in space at the same time. The lines in a Feynman diagram represent the probability amplitude for a particle to go from one place to another.
In Feynman diagrams, the particles are allowed to go both forward and backward in time. When a particle is going backward in time, it is called an antiparticle. The meeting points for the lines can also be interpreted forward or backwards in time, so that if a particle disappears into a meeting point, that means that the particle was either created or destroyed, depending on the direction in time that the particle came in from.
All the lines and points have an amplitude. When you multiply the probability amplitude for the lines, the amplitude for the particles to go from wherever they start to wherever they meet, and to the next meeting point, and so on, and also multiply by the amplitude for each meeting point, you get a number that tells you the total amplitude for the particles to do what the diagram says they do. If you add up all these probability amplitudes over all the possible meeting points, and over all the starting and ending points with an appropriate weight, you get the total probability amplitude for a collision in a particle accelerator, which tells you the total probability of these particles to bounce off one another in any particular direction.
Feynman diagrams are named after Richard Feynman, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics. His diagrams are very simple in the case of quantum electrodynamics (QED), where there are only two kinds of particles: electrons (little particles inside atoms) and photons (particles of light). In QED, the only thing that can happen is that an electron (or its antiparticle) can emit (or absorb) a photon, so there is only one building block for any collision. The probability amplitude for the emission is very simple--it has no real part, and the imaginary part is the charge of the electron.
Byars, Oklahoma

Byars is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
How Do I Love Thee?

How Do I Love Thee? is a 1970 American comedy drama movie directed by Michael Gordon and is based on the 1965 novel Let Me Count the Ways by Peter De Vries. It stars Jackie Gleason, Maureen O'Hara and was distributed by Cinerama Releasing Corporation.
Edgar Reitz

Edgar Reitz (born 1 November 1932) is a German movie director, screenwriter and movie producer.
He is a Professor of Film at the Staatliche Hochschule fur Gestaltung (State University of Design) in Karlsruhe.
Citrix Systems

Citrix Systems, Inc. is an American multinational software company. Company provides server, application and desktop virtualization, networking, software as a service (SaaS), and cloud computing technologies.
Citrix products use by over 400,000 clients worldwide. Citrix has headquarters in Fort Lauderdale, Florida and Santa Clara, California. Also company has additional development centers in Canada, Denmark, Germany, India, and the United Kingdom.
History
Citrix was founded in Richardson, Texas in 1989. Founder -- former IBM developer Ed Iacobucci. He was the head of the company till 2000. The company's first employees were five other engineers from IBM that Iacobucci invited to join his team.
Citrix was originally named Citrus, but changed its name after an existing company claimed trademark rights. The Citrix name is a portmanteau of Citrus and UNIX.
It began by developing remote access products for Microsoft operating systems. Citrix was in partnership with the company throughout its history.
Citrix acquired Sequoia Software Corp. in 2001 and ExpertCity in 2003.
In 2007, the company opened a headquarters in Silicon Valley.
In August 2010, Citrix announced a partnership with Google to bring the company's products to Chrome OS devices.
In May 2012, Citrix acquired Virtual Computer, maker of intelligent desktop virtualization.
Also in 2017, Citrix expanded its partnership with Google.
In 2018, Citrix changed the names of some of its products to represent its shift to a cloud operating model.
Anthony Veasna So

Anthony Veasna So was an American writer. He wrote short stories.
National Public Radio (in USA) and Morgenbladet (in Norway), each had a book review about (his book), Afterparties. The publisher of the book, is Ecco.
He was born in 1992 and died in 2020.
Personal life
His parents were immigrants from Cambodia.
He died from a drug overdose; the death was an accident.
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina has a wide medium blue vertical band on the fly side with a yellow right triangle adjacent the band and the top of the flag. The remainder of the flag is medium blue with seven full five-pointed white stars and two half stars top and bottom along the hypotenuse of the triangle.
The three points of the triangle stand for the three constituent peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs.
Sastamala

Sastamala is a city in Pirkanmaa, Finland. As of January 2014, almost 25,500 people lived there. Nearby municipalities are Huittinen, Hameenkyro, Ikaalinen, Kankaanpaa, Kokemaki , Lavia, Nokia, Punkalaidun, Ulvila, Urjala and Vesilahti.
Some villages
Sileekallio, Hoipola, Jaara, Haijaa and Mustianoja
Culture
In July 2011 in Sastamala was opened Museum called Pukstaavi Suomalaisen kirjan museo, museum of Finish book. Museum is national and tells generally about culture history and social meaning of Finnish book.
Samuel Vimes

Samuel Vimes is a fictional character created by Terry Pratchett for the Discworld books and is the leader of the police in the city of Ankh-Morpork.
Guards!Guards!
In Guards! Guards!, Samuel Vimes is the captain of the Night Watch and is an alcoholic because he has a disease which makes him less drunk than people are supposed to be. And Captain Vimes has as his men, a corporal named Nobbs who is a kleptomaniac and a sergeant named Colon who is an idiot so Captain Vimes has given up because of all the crime and corruption in Ankh-Morpork. Then a person named Carrot Ironfounderson joins the police and actually believes in the law so Captain Vimes ends up helping to stop a dragon, save the city, rescue The Patrician and falling in love with a woman named Sibyl Ramkin who marries him.
Men at Arms
In Men at Arms, Captain Vimes has to train a dwarf, a female werewolf and a troll to become police and he trains Carrot Ironfounderson to take over as captain of the Night Watch when he retires and in the end Lord Havelock Vetinari is impressed enough that he decides to put Vimes in charge of all the police to fight against corruption and has Vimes start to call himself Commander Vimes.
Feet of Clay
In the book, Feet of Clay, Commander Vimes is hates by the aristocrats because his ancestor killed the last king. In the end, Commander Vimes saves the city from an evil plan involving a golem so Lord Vetinari gives Vimes a knighthood.
Jingo
In Jingo, Ankh-Morpork almost gets into a war with a country called Klatch and Commander Vimes is fired so he starts his own regiment and later goes to Klatch to find and stop the villains of the book and at one point arrests Lord Vetinari who later makes Commander Vimes a duke.
The Fifth Elephant
In The Fifth Elephant, Lord Vetinari makes Commander Vimes ambassador to a place called Uberwald where Vimes has to stop an evil racist werewolf baron by killing him.
Night Watch
In Night Watch, Commander Vimes accidentally time travels to the past while chasing a murderer who then kills Vimes's old friend John Keel before Keel actually died so Vimes pretends to be John Keel and teaches the young Samuel Vimes everything that Keel ever taught him. And after Vimes goes back to the present, his wife gives birth to a son.
Thud!
In Thud!, Commander Vimes tried to prevent a war between the dwarf king and the trolls and ends up being mind controlled by a demon called the Summoning Dark but Vimes escapes its control so that he can read a children's book to his son.
Snuff
In Snuff (Pratchett novel), Commander Vimes tried to stop a man named Stratford who is a murderer and drug dealer while Vimes's inner demon The Summoning Dark helps him.
Scott Westerfeld

Scott Westerfeld (born May 5, 1963) is an American author of science fiction and young adult literature. One of his most famous book series was Uglies.
Books
Adults
Polymorph (1997)
Fine Prey (1998)
Evolution's Darling (2000)
Succession series
The Risen Empire (2003)
The Killing of Worlds (2003)
The two books were re-published in 2005 in one volume, also titled The Risen Empire.
Physical unclonable function

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are hardware modules that can generate randomness. Their operation is based on "locked" randomness, stemming from tiny imperfections (mistakes) in the manufacturing process of hardware, which result in the production (output) of a bit-string which appears random and can be considered as unique per hardware instance (device).
Essentially, in each PUF circuit, electric current may move through this circuit in two distinct ways/paths, such as two wires. If it goes mostly through one of these ways/paths, a logical zero is produced, whereas if it goes through the other way/path, a logical one is produced. The prevalent path is chosen according to tiny details (characteristics) of the circuit, such as which wire is thicker or longer. However, the two wires have been designed to be exactly the same, and only differ because of imperfections of the manufacturing process, which cause random tiny mistakes (imperfections), such as one wire being 5 mm, and the other 5.00001 mm. Therefore, and as the choice of the prevalent path is dependent on a large number of tiny details (thickness, length, resistance of the wires, etc.), which are very difficult to determine beforehand, this choice appears as random, and can be considered as chaotic. The tiny production mistakes that affect the path choice cannot be predicted as they happen randomly in the manufacturing process. Nevertheless, after they happen, they stay like that, for example, the small difference in length between two wires will always exist after they have been manufactured, so the aforementioned path choice is "locked", although it is "random" (chaotic), and will always give the same result.
Since most contemporary hardware devices consist of millions of circuits, millions of individual choices can be made at the same time, resulting in a string (series) of bits (zeros and ones) of a very large length. Since each choice is independent and "random", the probability that two such strings will be the same becomes extremely small due to their very large length. Therefore, a PUF can be used to produce a large bit-string that will be unique per device and always the same, when measured under exactly the same conditions. Such a bit string can then be used in cryptography as an inherently occurring cryptographic token, such as a key for encryption. As external (environmental) conditions may affect the result of a PUF (its "random" unique bit-string output), error correction may be needed to force this result to be the same between different measurements.
Hardware, which by its nature allows for a choice of path for electricity, such as memory cells, can be easily employed in order to implement a PUF in a device, without the need of additional circuitry. Therefore, PUFs can be quite cost-efficient and lightweight.
Marathon, Greece

Marathon (Demotic Greek: Marathonas, Marathonas; Attic/Katharevousa: , Marathon) is a town in Greece and the site of the battle of Marathon in 490 BCE.
The name "Marathon" () comes from the herb fennel, called marathon () or marathos () in Ancient Greek. so Marathon literally means "a place full of fennels".
Vadencourt, Aisne

Vadencourt, Aisne is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in north France.
Heinkel He 112

The Heinkel He 112 is a German fighter aircraft designed for World War II.
There where 103 aircraft build, and used by the luftwaffe.
A few Heinkel He 112 where send to other countries like Hungary, Romania and Japan.
The engine is a German Junkers Jumo 210Da.
It has 2 MG 17 machine guns and 2 MG FF cannon.
Rosyth

Rosyth is a town in Fife, Scotland. It is between Inverkeithing and Dunfermline.
Naval Dockyard
Rosyth is most famous for its naval dockyard. Superfast Ferries services between Rosyth and Zeebrugge (Belgium) ended in September, 2008, however they will be operated by another operator, Norfolkline, with services starting around May 2009.
Saint-Vaast-sur-Seulles

Saint-Vaast-sur-Seulles is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Hellebore

Hellebores are a type of flowering plants in the Ranunculaceae family. Although some of these plants have names such as "winter rose",, "Christmas rose", and "Lenten rose", they are not related to roses. Some of these flowers can also be poisonous.
Kattarp

Kattarp is a locality in Helsingborg Municipality in Skane County in Sweden. In 2010, people lived there.
Lethal Weapon 2

Lethal Weapon 2 is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy movie directed by Richard Donner, and starring Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, Patsy Kensit, Derrick O'Connor and Joss Ackland. It is a sequel to the 1987 movie Lethal Weapon and the second movie in the Lethal Weapon series.
Four Rooms

Four Rooms is a 1995 American comedy movie set in a hotel on New Year's Eve.
It has four different stories:
Honeymoon Suite - "The Missing Ingredient"
Room 404 - "The Wrong Man"
Room 309 - "The Misbehavers"
Penthouse - "The Man from Hollywood"
The cast includes Tim Roth, Jennifer Beals, Madonna, Marisa Tomei, Antonio Banderas, Quentin Tarantino, and others.
Four Rooms got negative reviews from the critics. However, the movie earned back just beyond its actual budget.
The Devil Wears Prada (movie)

The Devil Wears Prada is a 2006 American comedy-drama movie directed by David Frankel and produced by Wendy Finerman. The screenplay, written by Aline Brosh McKenna, is based on Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name.
The movie stars Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly and Anne Hathaway as Andrea "Andy" Sachs. Emily Blunt and Stanley Tucci co-star as co-assistant Emily Charlton and art director Nigel Kipling, respectively. Adrian Grenier, Simon Baker, and Tracie Thoms play key supporting roles.
Wang Lili

Wang Lili is a basketball player from China. Lili competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 8 September 1992.
Chevillard, Ain

Chevillard is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
President of Lebanon

The president of the Lebanese Republic is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which is not renewable.
Resignation

A resignation is when someone quits or gives up the job they hold. Many times, especially in politics, a person who is resigning will give a resignation speech explaining why they resigned and what their plans are for the future.
A simular term for monarch, such as king or queen, is abdication.
Famous examples
Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990.
Charles de Gaulle, President of France from 1959 to 1970.
Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States.
Rangeland

A rangeland is like a pasture. A rangeland can be used for animals to graze on or for whatever the rancher wants.
Consummation of marriage

The first time married people have sexual intercourse with each other, after their marriage is called consummation. One of the reasons why people get married is to have children. Many countries (and jurisdictions) have laws so that people who do not have sex with each other can have their marriage annulled (undone).
Saint-Aubin, Landes

Saint-Aubin is a commune. It is in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the Landes department in southwest France.
Lymphogranuloma venereum

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a chronic (long-term) infection of the lymphatic system caused by three different types of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. The bacteria spread through sexual contact. The infection is not caused by the same bacteria that cause genital chlamydia.
LGV is more common in Central and South America than in North America. Every year, a few hundred cases of LGV are diagnosed in the United States. However, the actual number of infections is unknown.
LGV is more common in men than women. The main risk factor is being HIV-positive.
Symptoms of LGV can begin a few days to a month after coming in contact with the bacteria. Symptoms include:
Blood or pus from the rectum (blood in the stools)
Drainage through the skin from lymph nodes in the groin
Painful bowel movements (tenesmus)
Small painless sore on the male genitals or in the female genital tract
Swelling and redness of the skin in the groin area
Swelling of the labia
Swollen groin lymph nodes on one or both sides; it may also affect lymph nodes around the rectum in people who have anal intercourse
Diarrhea and lower abdominal pain.
Tap changer

A tap changer is a component of a transformer. It controls the transformer's output voltage by adjusting its winding ratio within some range of step levels. The tap changer can be done manually or automatically and either when the transformer is energized (On Load Tap Changer; OLTC) or when it is off (Off Circuit Tap Changer; OCTC).
1314

Deaths
John of Scotland - King of Scotland
Events
June 23 - June 24 - Battle of Bannockburn during the Wars of Scottish Independence.
Yes (band)

Yes are a progressive rock band that formed in London, England in 1968 that is among the most influential progressive bands of all time. The band has received wide critical praise for their work. Their best known songs include "Owner of a Lonely Heart", "Roundabout" and "I've Seen All Good People".