kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Bonnie Bartlett

Bonnie Bartlett (born June 20, 1929 in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin) is an American actress. She works mostly in television. She has been in some movies. She acted in Little House on the Prairie and St. Elsewhere. She received an Emmy Award for St. Elsewhere.
Bartlett is married to actor William Daniels.
Electoral district of Oxley

Oxley is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1920, abolished in 1988 and recreated in 1991.
It is a conservative electorate and with the exception of one independent, has only ever elected members of conservative parties when it has elected only one member. The current MP is Michael Kemp of the National Party.
Gabriel (footballer, born 1987)

Gabriel Donizete de Santana (born 8 September 1987) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Sanat Naft.
Principle of stationary action

Pierre Maupertuis stated in 1746 that many processes in nature are either optimal, or they take extreme values. This is known as the principle of stationary action and is a part of mechanics. It states that physical fields and particles will sometimes take extreme values (which are maximal or minimal). For this reason, it is often called principle of least action. Maupertuis gives a way to determine equations of motion when looking at the action of a mechanical system.
History
One of the first to formulate this was Pierre de Fermat. In the 1600s, he wrote: "light travels between two given points along the path of shortest time".
Norman Bates

Norman Bates is a fictional character. He first appeared in a 1960 movie called Psycho
Norman Bates as a young man killed people in the hotel called The Bates Motel. He killed his mother by poisoning her tea. After she was buried he dug her up and would talk to himself in her voice. He then was soon arrested.
Stanislaus County, California

Stanislaus County ( or ) is a county in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,878. The county seat is Modesto.
Stanislaus County was founded in 1854.
Roxanne

Roxanne [ rok-san ] is a female given name. The name is based on the Greek name Roxane. Roxane comes from the Persian word Roschana, which means "dawn of day". The name was ranked 389 in the 1990 U.S. Census. It fell out of the top 1000 girls names in the 21st century. The name has been popular in Australia and Canada, however. This name was used for a damaging hurricane in 1995. It was also the title of a single from music group The Police in the 1980s.
Shirley Ann Grau

Shirley Ann Grau (July 8, 1929 - August 3, 2020) was an American writer. She was born in New Orleans. Her work is set mainly in the Deep South and talks about issues of race and gender.
Her 1964 work The Keepers of the House was awarded the 1965 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
She was an important feminist writer who talked about abortion, death and misogyny.
Grau died on August 3, 2020 in Kenner, Louisiana from stroke-related problems at the age of 91.
Poiana Stampei

Poiana Stampei is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Boy from the Outskirts

Boy from the Outskirts () is a 1947 Soviet drama movie directed by Vasily Zhuravlyov. It stars Yevgeny Samoylov, Sergei Lukyanov, and Aleksandra Vasilyeva.
Killing of Nahel Merzouk

The Killing of Nahel Merzouk was the shooting by a policeman of a 17 year old youth in a Parisian outskirt that led to protest. When police wanted to check his car, he was shoot dead at close range on a public highway. The police lied and claimed self-defense.
What shocked the country was a video captured by a passer-by that was posted on social media after the big media houses reported only the first police version of the incident. The video showed the policemen had lied. Protests erupted across France. The President said the incident was inexcusable and unforgivable and the National Assembly observed a minute for silence of Nahel.
The protests lasted more than seven days. The incident caused discussions about racism and police violence.
Maurits Kjaergaard

Maurits Kjaergaard (born 26 June 2003) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Austrian Bundesliga club FC Red Bull Salzburg and for FC Liefering in the 2nd Austrian league.
Career
He started his career with Lyngby BK. 2019 he went on to FC Red Bull Salzburg. In the beginning he played for the feeder club FC Liefering. He made his debut for Liefering in August 2019 versus SV Horn when he came in for Jung-Min Kim in minute 64.
In February 2021 he made his debut for FC Red Bull Salzburg.
Nationalteam
Kjaergaard played for Denmarks U16, U17, U19 and U21.
Circle Jerks

The Circle Jerks are a legendary punk rock band from California. The band was formed in 1979 by Black Flag's original singer, Keith Morris, and future Bad Religion guitarist Greg Hetson. They were one of the preeminent hardcore punk bands of the L.A. scene in the early 1980s. As of April 2010, the Circle Jerks have released six full-length albums. Their latest one, Oddities, Abnormalities and Curiosities, came out in 1995.
Victory (1919 movie)

Victory is a 1919 American romantic action drama movie directed by Maurice Tourneur and was based on the 1915 novel of the same name by Joseph Conrad. It stars Jack Holt, Seena Owen, Lon Chaney, Wallace Beery, Ben Deeley and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Ab McDonald

Alvin Brian "Ab" McDonald (February 18, 1936 - September 4, 2018) was a Canadian ice hockey forward. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He played for the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks, Detroit Red Wings, Boston Bruins, Pittsburgh Penguins and St. Louis Blues.
McDonald died from cancer on September 4, 2018 in Winnipeg at the age of 82.
Ed Derwinski

Edward Joseph Derwinski (born September 15, 1926; died January 15, 2012) was an American politician. He was the first Cabinet-level United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs, serving under President George H. W. Bush from March 15, 1989, to September 26, 1992. Before that, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1959 to 1983, representing the south and southwest suburbs of Chicago.
Politics
Derwinski served in the United States Army in the Pacific Theater during World War II and in the postwar U.S. occupation of Japan. He graduated from Loyola University Chicago in 1951. He was a member of the Alpha Delta Gamma Fraternity. In 1957 he was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives, where he served one term before winning election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1958. He served 12 terms as a Republican representative from the 4th District of Illinois, a suburban region south and west of Chicago, eventually becoming the ranking member of the House Foreign Relations Committee. He was also a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1971-1972 and as chairman of the U.S. delegation to the Interparliamentary Union from 1970-1972 and 1978-1980.
A Democratic redistricting plan after the 1980 Census split up the 4th District, with only about 15% of its area remaining and added to various areas from other districts; Derwinski and Republican congressman George M. O'Brien were placed in the same district, and O'Brien won the 1982 primary on the strength of having more of his previous district included in the new change. After Derwinski's loss, President Ronald Reagan picked him to be Counselor to the State Department. In 1987, Reagan picked him to be Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology, where he served until the end of Reagan's term. Not long after that, he was picked by George H.W. Bush to head the VA.
Personal Life
Derwinski lived in Glen Ellyn, Illinois with his wife, the former Bonita Hickey. He had two adult children from his first marriage to Patricia Derwinski, Maureen and Michael.
Kings County, California

Kings County is a county in the U.S. state of California. The population was 152,486 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Hanford.
Middle class

The Middle class describes people who are not aristocrats/upper class nor working class or underclass but have a fair standard of living. Depending on class model used, the middle class may make up anywhere from 45% to 49% of households in the United States. They generally make up the largest group or the majority of the population in developed countries. In developing countries, the middle class, generally makes up a much smaller percentage of the population. There is a lower middle class and an upper middle class. In Marxism, middle class is the class below the upper class, who is the ruling class. The word bourgeoisie may also be used as a synonym of middle class.
It may be defined by the jobs people do, or by how much they earn. In the United Kingdom median disposable household income in 2022 was just under PS33,000. Many businesses target middle class people. The top 20% of UK householders are responsible for 40% of consumer spending.
Lope de Rueda

Lope de Rueda (1510?, Seville - 1565, Cordoba) was a Spanish dramatist and author. He was regarded by some as the best of his era. A very versatile writer, he also wrote comedies, farces, and pasos. He was the precursor to what is considered the golden age of Spanish literature.
Toru Chishima

Toru Chishima (born 11 May 1981) is a former Japanese football player.
Dicastillo

Dicastillo is a village in Navarre. There are 691 people in Dicastillo. Festivals are held on August. These festivals are celebrated on San Blas, 3rd of February, or on the Asparagu's day, which is in spring. There is a music band called Banda Bizkarra, formed by 30 musicians.
John Sackett

John Sackett (June 3, 1944 - March 4, 2021) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1967 to 1971 and in the Alaska Senate from 1973 to 1987. He was born in Huslia, Alaska.
Sackett died on March 4, 2021, at age 76.
Lozère

Lozere () is a department in the region of Occitanie in southern France near the Massif Central. It is named after Mont Lozere.
History
Lozere was created in 1790 during the French Revolution, when the whole of France was divided into departments, replacing the old provinces. Lozere was formed with part of the old province of Languedoc.
Les Sources and Hautes-Cevennes were two other names proposed for this department but they were not accepted.
Geography
Lozere has an area of . It is surrounded by 5 departments belonging to 2 regions:
Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region
Ardeche
Cantal
Haute-Loire
Occitanie region
Aveyron
Gard.
The Lozere is divided into four natural regions, covering four mountain ranges:
The Aubrac. It is a plateau in the northwest of the department that rises between and , with a cold humid climate. The highest point is Signal de Mailhebiau with .
The Margeride. Located in the northeast of the department, these mountains are of granite and well forested. The climate here is cold, but dryer than the climate in Aubrac. The highest point is Signal de Randon with .
The Causses. These are a series of very dry limestone plateaus in the south-west of the department.
The Cevennes, a southern part of the Massif Central and that is found in the south-east of the department. Here is the highest point in the department, Mont Lozere at .
Three important rivers start in the department:
The Tarn, with its source on the Mont Lozere.
The Lot, with its source also on the Mont Lozere.
The Allier, with its source is in the mountainous region of Margeride.
Administration
The departement is managed by the Departamental Council of Lozere in Mende. Lozere is part of the region of Occitanie.
Administrative divisions
There are 2 arrondissements (districts), 13 cantons and 176 communes (municipalities) in Lozere.
The following is a list of the 13 cantons of the Lozere department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Aumont-Aubrac (4801)
La Canourgue (4802)
Chirac (4803)
Le Collet-de-Deze (4804)
Florac (4805)
Grandrieu (4806)
Langogne (4807)
Marvejols (4808)
Mende-1 (4809)
Mende-2 (4810)
Saint-Alban-sur-Limagnole (4811)
Saint-Chely-d'Apcher (4812)
Saint-Etienne-du-Valdonnez (4813)
Demographics
The inhabitants of Lozere are known, in French, as Lozeriens (women: Lozeriennes).
Lozere is the least populated French department. It has a population, in 2014, of 76,360, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Mende, with 63,047 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other arrondissement, Florac, have 13,313 inhabitants.
The only important city is Mende with 11,542 people living there in 2014. The subprefecture, Florac Trois Rivieres, has 2,107 inhabitants.
Bhutan at the Olympics

Bhutan has been in the Summer Olympic Games since 1984. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games. Bhutan has only been in Archery, which is the national sport of Bhutan. They have never won an Olympic Medal.
The Bhutan Olympic Committee was formed in 1983 and recognized by the IOC the same year.
TIS-Grain

TIS-Grain (Ukrainian TIS-Zerno) is the largest grain terminal in Ukraine, a national leader in grain transshipment.
TIS-Grain is owned by TIS-Grain LLC, founded in 1999. Oleksiy Fedorychev is the founder and owner of 100% of the shares. Ihor Chobitko is the director of the terminal. The terminal is in the waters of the port "South", northeast of Odessa. Occupies a land plot of 14 hectares. The specialization of the terminal is transshipment of grain cargoes in the port "Southern"; storage of grain in warehouses.
Fred Ho

Fred Ho (; born Fred Wei-han Houn; August 10, 1957 - April 12, 2014) was an American jazz baritone saxophonist, composer, bandleader, playwright, writer, and social activist. He was known for his place in the African-American and Asian-American music movement. He was born in Palo Alto, California.
Ho died of colorectal cancer at his home in Brooklyn, New York City. He was 56.
Contraband

The word contraband (Old French contrebande "a smuggling") means any item which is illegal to be possessed or sold. The term is used for goods such as:
smuggled goods
stolen goods - knowingly dealing in stolen goods is an offense in itself, called fencing
the fruits of fraud, forgery etc.
Law of armed conflict
In international law, contraband means goods sent to territories under the control of the enemy that can be used in armed conflict. Traditionally, contraband is classified into two categories, absolute contraband and conditional contraband. Absolute contraband includes arms, munitions, and various materials. These can include chemicals and certain types of machinery that may be used to wage war.
Conditional contraband includes food and livestock feed. Cargo of this kind, while presumably innocent in character, can be seized if the supplies are destined for the armed forces of the enemy. Under conditions of modern warfare almost everything can be called absolute contraband.
American Civil War
During the American Civil War, slaves who sought refuge in Union army military camps or who lived in territories that fell under Union control were declared contraband. This policy was first used by General Benjamin F. Butler in 1861, in what came to be known as the "Fort Monroe Doctrine," established in Hampton, Virginia. By war's end, the Union had set up 100 contraband camps in the Southern United States. The Roanoke Island Freedmen's Colony (1863-1867) was developed to be a colony. Many adult former slaves worked for wages for the Army at such camps.
Aire-la-Ville

Aire-la-Ville is a municipality of the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.
Ségolène Royal

Marie-Segolene Royal (born September 22, 1953 in Dakar, French West Africa, now Senegal) is a French politician. She is the president of the Poitou-Charentes region, a member of the National Assembly and a prominent member of the Socialist Party in France. She was the Socialist Party's candidate for the 2007 French presidential election but lost to Nicolas Sarkozy. She was the partner of former President of France Francois Hollande from 1978 until 2007.
She is known for her admiration for some "Third Way" policies, for her controversial insistence on law and order issues and for her support of devolution and participatory democracy.
Bibliography
Royal is the author unless otherwise noted.
Le Printemps des grands-parents : la nouvelle alliance des ages (Paris : Cogite-R. Laffont, 1987) , (Paris : France Loisirs, 1988) , (Paris : Presses pocket, 1989) .
Le Ras-le-bol des bebes zappeurs (Paris : R. Laffont, 1989) , cover "Tele-massacre, l'overdose?", subjects: Television et enfants, Violence--A la television.
Pays, paysans, paysages (Paris : R. Laffont, 1993) , subject(s): Environnement--Protection--France ; Politique de l'environnement--France ; Developpement rural--France.
France. Ministere de l'environnement (1991-1997) Segolene Royal, une annee d'actions pour la planete : avril 1992 - mars 1993 (Paris : Ministere de l'environnement, ca 1993), subject(s): Politique de l'environnement--France.
France. Assemblee nationale (1958-) Commission des affaires etrangeres Rapport d'information sur les suites de la Conference de Rio / presente par M. Roland Nungesser et Mme Segolene Royal (Paris : Assemblee nationale, 1994) , subject(s): Developpement durable ; Conference des Nations unies sur l'environnement et le developpement.
La verite d'une femme (Paris : Stock, 1996) , subject(s): Pratiques politiques--France--1970-.
Laguerre, Christian Ecole, informatique et nouveaux comportements pref. de Segolene Royal (Paris ; Montreal (Quebec) : Ed. l'Harmattan, 1999) , subject(s): Informatique--Aspect social ; Education et informatique ; Ordinateurs et enfants.
Sassier, Monique Construire la mediation familiale : arguments et propositions preface by Segolene Royal (Paris : Dunod, 2001) .
Amar, Cecile and Hassoux, Didier Segolene et Francois ([Paris] : Prive, impr. 2005) , subject(s): Royal, Segolene (1953-) -- Biographies ; Hollande, Francois (1954-) -- Biographies.
Bernard, Daniel Madame Royal ([Paris] : Jacob-Duvernet, impr. 2005) , subject(s): Royal, Segolene (1953-) -- Biographies ; France--Politique et gouvernement--1958-.
Desir d'avenir ([Paris] : Flammarion, [forthcoming, March 2006]) .
Malouines-Me La Madone et le Culbuto - Ou l'Inlassable Ambition de Segolene Royal et Francois Hollande ([Paris] : Fayard, [forthcoming, April 5 2006]), series: LITT.GENE, .
44

44 is a year in the 1st century. It was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Crispus and Taurus.
Events
The emperor Claudius returns from his British campaign. The southeast part of Britannia is now held by the Roman Empire.
Ayşegül Coşkun

Aysegul Coskun (born 17 June 1985) is a Turkish singer and actress.
Wolfersdorf

Wolfersdorf is a municipality in the district of Freising in Bavaria in Germany.
Imamiya Ebisu Shrine

Shinto
Imamiya Ebisu Shrine, also known as Imamiya Ebisu jinja, is a Shinto shrine located in Naniwa-ku, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. According to legend, it was established during the reign of Empress Suiko in 600. The shrine's annual festival is held from January 9 to 11. The kami (deities) enshrined at Imamiya Ebisu Shrine include Amaterasu, Kotoshironushi (also known as Ebisu), Susanoo-no-Mikoto, Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto, and Wakahiru-me.
Paulo Peterle

Paulo Peterle is a volleyball player from Brazil. Paulo competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born on 21 February 1949.
Auto mechanic

An auto mechanic is a mechanic that works with cars, car parts, and special car changes that make the car work differently called modifications. Auto mechanics can either know all about all the different parts that let the car work, or they can specialize in one specific kind of part or car. People go to auto mechanics for many reasons: They might need to get a new car part, they might need to find out what is wrong with their car, or they might want to add something new to the car to make it better. Auto mechanics almost always work in places called garages, that are made for the work that auto mechanics do.
What diagnostic scanner do auto mechanic use?
CNN+

CNN+ (pronounced as "CNN Plus") is a subscription streaming service and online news channel owned by the CNN division of WarnerMedia News & Sports. Announced on July 19, 2021, CNN+ launched on March 29, 2022.
CNN+ is the shortest-lived service under the Warner Bros. Discovery/Turner Broadcasting umbrella. It broke the previous record set by the Cable Music Channel. The Cable Music Channel lasted 35 days between October 26 and November 30, 1984.
Marsh crake

The marsh crake or koitareke (Porzana pusilla affinis) is a bird in the family Gruiformes. It is a subspecies of Baillon's crake. It lives in New Zealand.
Appearance
The marsh crake is about half the size of a blackbird. It is about 15-18 cm long and it weighs 30 to 40 grams. It has a short tail and long legs. The feathers on its back are deep brown with black and white marks. The feathers on its belly are gray and white. Its eyes are bright red. Its beak and legs are green. The young birds have brown bellies instead of gray and white.
Habitat and food
Marsh crakes live in wetlands, for example marshes. They also live among the reed plants in places where rivers meet the ocean. They can live on wet pastures and willow tree forests too. There are more marsh crakes on New Zealand's South Island than on North Island.
Scientists do not know much about what the marsh crake does. They think it might migrate like other Baillon's crakes do, but they are not sure.
The marsh crake eats animals without bones but it also eats the seeds of water plants.
Breeding
Marsh crakes form one-on-one pairs to lay eggs. The males fly courtship flights to impress the females. They build nests out of dry plants and hide them in sedge. The female lays 5-7 eggs at a time. Both the male and female crake sit on the eggs. The eggs take 16-20 days to hatch. The chicks have black and brown feathers.
Threats
The marsh crake is declining, which means there are fewer of them than there were, and the numbers are still going down. This is because human beings drain their marshes to turn them into dry land.
Also, human beings brought cats, dogs, weasel-like animals, rats to New Zealand. All of these animals can kill the birds, their eggs, and their chicks.
Less often, a marsh crake will be hit by a car or fly into a power line. If human beings make too much noise near a nest, the parent birds will run away and the eggs will die.
Arecibo Telescope

The Arecibo Telescope is now destroyed by a collapse.
The radio telescope was a spherical reflector dish built into a natural sinkhole at the Arecibo Observatory which was completed in November 1963.
For more than 50 years, the Arecibo Telescope was the world's largest single-aperture telescope. In July 2016 the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) in China was put into service.
On 19 November 2020, the National Science Foundation announced that they would close and dismantle the telescope. On 1 December 2020, the telescope collapsed.
List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Opequon

The Battle of Opequon was more commonly known as the Third Battle of Winchester. It was fought in Winchester, Virginia on September 19, 1864. It happened during the Valley Campaigns of 1864 in the American Civil War. Fourteen Union Army enlisted men and one officer were presented the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the battle.
Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented posthumously.
Annonaceae

Annonaceae (custard-apple, or annona family) is the largest family of the magnolia order. It has 129 genera and 2,400 species.
Many species are valuable for their large pulpy fruits. Some are useful for their timber, while others are prized as ornamentals. The family consists of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers found mainly in the tropics, with a few species in temperate regions.
Their fruits defend themselves against some herbivores. Eating the neotropical plant Annona muricata (soursop, graviola, guanabana) is a causal agent in "atypical Parkinsonism". The causative agent, annonacin, is present in the seeds and leaves of many of the Annonaceae, though not in any significant quantity in the fruit flesh. It is thought to be responsible for up to 70% of Parkinsonian conditions in Guadeloupe. Exposure is typically through traditional food and natural medicines. It is hard to interpret this. Presumably some favoured herbivores can eat it without ill effects. In some plants, seeds contain irritants to encourage early defecation.
Arata Kodama

Arata Kodama (born 8 October 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shimizu S-Pulse.
Albert

The name Albert[al-bert] is a masculine given name. It comes from the Germanic words adal and beraht, meaning "bright" and "noble". The Spanish version of this name is Alberto. This name has been used for many famous people, including Albert Finney and scientist Albert Einstein.Albert has been a popular name for the past 100 years. This name was ranked #564 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
As Alberto, this name has been used for Atlantic cyclones every six years since 1982.
Danny Tidwell

Daniel Arnold Tidwell (August 1, 1984 - March 6, 2020) was an American dancer. He was best known for being the runner-up on Fox's third season of So You Think You Can Dance in 2007.
He also performed the works of renowned choreographers, including Debbie Allen, William Forsythe and Mia Michaels. He was Travis Wall's brother, a runner-up of the second season of "So You Think You Can Dance."
Tidwell was the Artistic Director of Movmnt Magazine and was a soloist dancer with Norwegian National Opera and Ballet in Oslo.
Tidwell married journalist David Benaym in May 2014.
Tidwell was killed on March 6, 2020 in a car crash, aged 35.
Spectrophotometer

A spectrophotometer measures either the amount of light reflected from a sample object or the amount of light that is absorbed by the sample object. Spectrophotometry is the quantity based study of electromagnetic spectra.
Design
In short, the sequence of events in a modern spectrophotometer is as follows:
The light source shines on the sample.
A fraction of the light is transmitted or reflected from the sample
The light from the sample is directed to the entrance slit of the monochromator
The monochromator separates the wavelengths of light and focuses each of them onto the photodetector sequentially.
There are two kinds of spectrophotometers: single beam and double beam. A double beam spectrophotometer compares the light intensity between two light paths. One path containing a reference sample, the other holding the test sample. A single beam spectrophotometer measures the relative light intensity of the beam before and after a test sample is inserted. A double beam machine makes comparison readings easier and more stable. But a single beam machine can have measure a wider range of light frequencies. Single beam machines have simple optical systems and are more compact. When the spectrophotometer is built into another device (like microscopes or telescopes) only single beam machines will work.
Many older spectrophotometers must be calibrated by a procedure known as "zeroing." The absorbancy of a reference substance is set as a baseline value, so the absorbancies of all other substances are recorded relative to the initial "zeroed" substance. The spectrophotometer then displays % absorbancy (the amount of light absorbed relative to the initial substance).
Spectrophotometers can also measure luminescence. For example, the machine can shine ultraviolet light of one frequency on the sample. This will excite the sample and make it glow. The detectors can then measure the light glowing from the sample at a different frequency.
Vanessa Silva

Ana Vanessa da Cruz Silva (born in Ajuda, Lisbon on October 5, 1981 ) is a Portuguese singer, songwriter and actress . She became popular when she participated in TVI 's Academia de Estrelas program, where she gained 3rd place.
She also used the name Ana Vanessa, Ana Silva and Vanessa Marques. In the art industry, she is known only by her first name, Vanessa .
Faisal of Saudi Arabia

Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( ; 14 April 1906 - 25 March 1975) was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. He was born on April 14, 1906. He was the third son of Ibn Saud. He became king when his brother Saud resigned.
On 25 March 1975, King Faisal was shot point-blank and killed by his half-brother's son, Faisal bin Musaid. Faisal was 68 years old.
Michael Obiku

Michael Obiku (born 24 September 1968) is a former Nigerian football player. He has played for Nigeria national team.
Patricia Blair

Patsy Lou Blake (also known as Patricia Blair; January 15, 1933 - September 9, 2013) was an American television and movie actress. She is best known for playing Rebecca Boone in all six seasons of NBC's Daniel Boone. She also played Lou Mallory in The Rifleman from 1962 to 1963. She was tall at 5 feet 9 inches. She could work with tall stars like Fess Parker (Daniel Boone) and Chuck Connors (The Rifleman).
Patricia Blair was born in Fort Worth, Texas. She died in North Wildwood, New Jersey at age eighty.
Yangpu District

Yangpu District (Chinese: Yang Pu Qu ), northeastern urban district of Shanghai with its center at Wujiaochang. Famous attractions include Fudan University, Tongji University and Fuxing Island.
Hiroshi Hirakawa

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Hirakawa was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on January 10, 1965. After graduating from Juntendo University, he joined Japan Soccer League club Nissan Motors (later Yokohama Marinos) in 1987. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for two years in a row. During the 1990s, the club won the 1990 JSL Cup, 1991 and 1992 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won the 1991-92 and 1992-93 Asian Cup Winners' Cups. Toward the end of his career, he played for Yokohama Flugels in 1995 and Consadole Sapporo in 1996. He retired in 1996.
In March 1985, Hirakawa was selected the Japan national team for 1986 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on March 21, he debuted against North Korea. After he joined Nissan Motors, he was selected Japan again in 1988 and 1989. In 1992, he also played 1 game for the first time in 3 years. He played 13 games for Japan until 1992.
Salyan District (Azerbaijan)

Salyan District () is a raion of Azerbaijan. Its capital is Salyan. It is next to the Kura River. Most of the Shirvan National Park is in the raion.
Jay Bruce

Jay Allen Bruce (born April 3, 1987) is an American professional baseball corner outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball (MLB). Before he played for the Phillies, he played for the Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, Cleveland Indians, and Seattle Mariners. The Reds chose Bruce in the first round, 12th overall pick, of the 2005 Major League Baseball draft (where teams chose their players). He started playing in MLB in 2008. Bruce has been named an All-Star three times during his career, and has won the Silver Slugger Award twice.
Troll (gay slang)

Troll and trolling are gay slang terms. Troll is used to characterize gay, bisexual and questioning or bi-curious men who cruise or "wander about looking" for sex or potential sex partners or experiences "in a notably wanton manner and with lessened standards of what one will accept in a partner."
The term can be used positively or negatively depending on the speaker, usage, and intent. The term can describe the person or the activity. Although often referring to "an unattractive older gay man" and although troll as a slur "is primarily a visual, not a behavioral" judgment, the terms can be used for anyone who is trolling regardless of the putative troll's age or perceived beauty.
Vince Callahan

Vincent Francis "Vince" Callahan Jr. (October 30, 1931 - September 20, 2014) was an American politician. He served for 40 years as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates.
From January 1968 to January 2008, he represented the 34th district in the Virginia House of Delegates. At the time of his retirement, he was the longest-serving Republican in the Virginia General Assembly.
On September 20, 2014, Callahan died of West Nile virus at the age of 82.
Mikhail Bakunin

Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin (; - 1 July 1876) was a Russian anarchist and revolutionary. He became an anarchist in the 1860s, and was one of the first people in the movement. Before that he was part of the left-wing of pan-Slavism. He is also known as the father of Russian nihilism.
History
Mikhail was born in the Russian Empire to a family of Russian nobles. As a young man he was a junior officer in the Russian army, but he quit his commission in 1835. He went to school in Moscow to study philosophy and began to attend radical groups where he was greatly influenced by Alexander Herzen. Bakunin left Russia in 1842 for Dresden, and eventually Paris where he met George Sand, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Karl Marx
He was eventually deported from France for speaking against Russia's oppression of Poland. In 1849 he was arrested in Dresden for being involved in the Czech rebellion of 1848. He was turned over to Russia where he was imprisoned in Peter-Paul Fortress in Saint Petersburg. He remained there until 1857, when he was sent to a work camp in Siberia. He escaped to Japan, the U.S. and finally ended up in London for a short time, then Switzerland and Italy.
In 1868, Bakunin joined the socialist International Working Men's Association, a group of trade unions and workers' organizations. A disagreement with Marx, an important person in this organization, ended with Bakunin kicked out for having a "secret organisation within the International".
The bigger Bakuninist organization lasted longer than its small Marxist rival, which was only in New York. Bakunin promoted the basic ideas of syndicalism and of anarchism. From 1870 to 1876, Bakunin wrote some of his longer writings, such as Statism and Anarchy and God and the State.
The Paris Commune fitted many elements of Bakunin's anarchist programme - self-management, mandated delegates, a militia system with elected officers, and decentralisation. Even though he was old and sick, Bakunin also tried to join anarchists in Bologna, Italy, but was forced to return to Switzerland in disguise, where he lived in Lugano. He stayed active in the worker's and peasant's movements of Europe and he also influenced movements in Egypt and Latin America.
Douglas Trumbull

Douglas Hunt Trumbull (; April 8, 1942 - February 7, 2022) was an American movie director, special effects supervisor, and inventor. He was known for his special photographic effects of 2001: A Space Odyssey, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Blade Runner and The Tree of Life. He directed the movies Silent Running and Brainstorm. Trumbull was born in Los Angeles, California. In 1979, he won a Saturn Award.
Trumbull died at a hospital in Albany, New York on February 7, 2022 from a stroke caused by brain cancer at the age of 79.
Gilbert S. Merritt Jr.

Gilbert Stroud Merritt Jr. (January 17, 1936 - January 17, 2022) was an American lawyer and jurist. He was a Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Merritt Jr. was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter. He was judge on the court from 1977 through 2001 and was Chief Judge from 1989 through 1996. Merritt Jr. was born in Nashville, Tennessee.
In 1993, when Byron White retired from the Supreme Court, he was seen as a possible replacement pick by President Bill Clinton. Ruth Bader Ginsburg was the final pick.
Merritt Jr. died on January 17, 2022 in Nashville on his 86th birthday.
Whatfield

Whatfield is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 318 people living in Whatfield.
Estrava Seraiva tree frog

The Estrada Saraiva tree frog (Dendropsophus nahdereri) is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it in one place, Serra do Mar in Santa Catarina.
191 North Wacker

191 North Wacker is a 516ft (157m) tall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois. The construction was from 2000 to 2002. It has 37 floors, 14 elevators, and 68,184 m2 of floor space. Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates designed the building. It is the 77th tallest in Chicago.
Related pages
List of tallest buildings in Chicago
Farmersburg, Iowa

Farmersburg is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Castelgaillard

Castelgaillard is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Haute-Garonne department in southwest France.
UEFA Euro 2000

The 2000 UEFA European Football Championship, or Euro 2000, was the 11th UEFA European Football Championship. The championship is held every four years and organized by UEFA. UEFA is association football's governing body in Europe.
The finals of Euro 2000 were co-hosted (the first time this happened) by Belgium and the Netherlands, between 10 June and 2 July 2000. Spain and Austria also bid to host the event. The final tournament had 16 nations. Except for Belgium and the Netherlands, the finalists had to go through a qualifying round to reach the final stage. France won the tournament. They defeated Italy 2-1 in the final, by a golden goal.
The finals were in the King Baudouin Stadium.
Qualified teams
The following 16 teams were in the tournament:
1 Bold indicates champion for that year
2 Italic indicates host for that year
3 as Czechoslovakia
4 as West Germany
5 Did not qualify but replaced Yugoslavia, who were under sanctions by the UN Security Council Resolution 757 and banned from appearing. Denmark were group 4 runners-up.
Final rankings
Rankings are based on performance, not team skill. Also, these rankings are unofficial and are not based on head-to-head record.
Goalscorers
5 goals
Patrick Kluivert
Savo Milosevic
4 goals
Nuno Gomes
3 goals
Thierry Henry
Sergio Conceicao
Zlatko Zahovic
2 goals
Vladimir Smicer
Alan Shearer
Youri Djorkaeff
David Trezeguet
Sylvain Wiltord
Zinedine Zidane
Filippo Inzaghi
Francesco Totti
Frank de Boer
Marc Overmars
Boudewijn Zenden
Gaizka Mendieta
Alfonso Perez
Hakan Sukur
1 goal
Bart Goor
Emile Mpenza
Karel Poborsky
Steve McManaman
Michael Owen
Paul Scholes
Laurent Blanc
Christophe Dugarry
Mehmet Scholl
Antonio Conte
Alessandro Del Piero
Marco Delvecchio
Luigi Di Biagio
Stefano Fiore
Ronald de Boer
Steffen Iversen
Costinha
Luis Figo
Joao Pinto
Cristian Chivu
Ionel Ganea
Viorel Moldovan
Dorinel Munteanu
Miran Pavlin
Joseba Etxeberria
Pedro Munitis
Raul
Henrik Larsson
Johan Mjallby
Okan Buruk
Ljubinko Drulovic
Dejan Govedarica
Slobodan Komljenovic
Own goal
Dejan Govedarica (playing against the Netherlands)
Awards
UEFA Team of the Tournament
Golden Boot
Patrick Kluivert
Savo Milosevic(5 goals)
UEFA Player of the Tournament
Zinedine Zidane
Mascot
The mascot for the tournament was Benelucky. The name is a pun on Benelux. He is a lion-devil with hair colour a combination of the flag colours of both host nations. The lion is the national football emblem of the Netherlands and a devil is for Belgium, the team being nicknamed "the Red Devils".
Robert Warren Miller

Robert Warren Miller (born May 23, 1933) is an American-born British billionaire and businessman. He is the co-founder of DFS (Duty Free Shops). He is the father of Crown Princess Marie-Chantal of Greece, Princess Alexandra von Furstenberg, and Pia Getty.
Épothémont

Epothemont is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Mil Mi-8

The Mil Mi-8 is one of the most famous helicopters built in USSR during the Cold War. It is used for transport and attack by more than 50 countries in the world. It's the basis of Mil Mi-14 and Mil Mi-17 helicopters.
Bibliography
Jackson, Robert, Helicopters: Military, Civilian, and Rescue Rotorcraft (The Aviation Factfile). London: Grange Books Ltd, 2005. .
Gaillard, Pierre, Avions et helicopteres militaires d'aujourd'hui Paris, France : Lariviere editions, 1999. .
Bathgate

Bathgate is a town in West Lothian, Scotland, 5 miles (8 km) west of Livingston and adjacent to the M8 motorway. Nearby towns are Armadale, Blackburn, Linlithgow, Livingston, West Calder and Whitburn. Situated 2 miles (3 km) south of the ancient Neolithic burial site at Cairnpapple Hill, Bathgate and the surrounding area show signs of habitation since about 3500 BC.
Elkton, Maryland

Elkton is a town in and the county seat of Cecil County, Maryland, United States. The population was 15,443 at the 2010 census. It was formerly called Head of Elk because it is near the Elk River, which flows into the nearby Chesapeake Bay.
João Pinto

Joao Manuel Vieira Pinto CvIH (; born 19 August 1971) is a Portuguese retired professional footballer. He played mostly as a forward.
Varusanadu

Varusanadu is a village panchayat (code: 232202) in Theni District of Tamil Nadu, which is located in the bank of Vaigai River. This village comes under Kadamalaigundu - Mayiladumparai Panchayat union and Andipatti Taluk.
The valley around this area is called Varusanadu Valley, which is a part of Cumbum Valley in Western Ghats and is connected to Meghamalai Mountains. Vaigai River is originating from this valley under Periyar Plateau of western ghats.
Mark Champion

Mark Champion (born August 8, 1950) is the radio voice of the Detroit Pistons. He also called games for the Detroit Fury, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Detroit Lions, and Michigan State Spartans. Champion also worked for CBS Radio and Westwood One. He was an anchor of Olympics on CBS Radio as well as calling golf tournaments for CBS Radio. Champion was the play-by-play announcer for College Basketball on Westwood One as well as NFL on Westwood One as an announcer for Thanksgiving Classic and a substitute for Sunday doubleheader for Harry Kalas when Kalas was still calling games for the Philadelphia Phillies.
The Perfumed Garden

The Perfumed Garden of Sensual Delight ( ) is an Islamic sex manual, similar to the Hindu Kama Sutra, written in the 15th century by Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Nefzawi, also known simply as "Nefzawi". It is written in Arabic. The Perfumed Garden is an example of erotic literature and contains sex among humans (heterosexual and homosexual) and animals.
The book was first translated into English by Richard Francis Burton in 1886. He translated it through a French translation. He could not complete his translation because the book was not widely acceptable because of its content. After him a new French translation by Rene R. Khawam was published in 1976. In 1923, the English composer Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji wrote Le jardin parfume: Poem for Piano Solo.
Cold Spring, New York

Cold Spring is a village in the town of Philipstown in Putnam County, New York, United States. 1,986 people lived there at the 2020 census.
Huntersville, North Carolina

Huntersville is a town in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 46,773 people live in Huntersville.
Algebraic fraction

An algebraic fraction is a fraction where the top and the bottom are algebraic expressions. Two examples of algebraic fractions are and .
A rational fraction is an algebraic fraction where the top and the bottom are polynomials. is a rational fraction, but is not. This is because the top has a square root function.
Operations
Multiplication
Division
Turn the equation into multiplication by flipping one of the fractions. After that, do what is shown above.
Amorites

The Amorites were an ancient people from Syria who used to speak Semitic languages. They also occupied large parts of southern Mesopotamia from the 21st century BC to the end of the 17th century BC. They established several famous city states like Babylon. Babylon was raised from a small town to an independent state and a major city. The term Amurru in Akkadian and Sumerian texts refers to both them and to their main god. They are also mentioned in Bible as resident of Canaan.
Thiamine

Thiamine (or thiamin) is vitamin B1. It is a water-soluble vitamin of the B complex. Its phosphate derivatives take part in many cellular processes. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme in the catabolism of sugars and amino acids.
also it can be found in Food and Manufactured Dietary supplements also in Medications Foods that provide Thiamine include whole grains, Legume
Lack of thiamine causes beriberi.
Dipole antenna

The dipole antenna is one of the most important and commonly used type of radio antenna. It is widely used on its own. It is also used in many other radio antenna designs where it forms the radiating or driven element for the antenna.
Basic facts dipole antenna
The dipole antenna is made of two poles into which radio frequency current flows. This current and the voltage causes an electromagnetic or radio signal to be radiated. Being more specific, a dipole is usually an antenna that uses a resonant length of conductor. This conductor is cut so it can be connected to the what is sending the signal. For resonance, the length of the conductor is an odd number of half wavelengths long. In most cases a single half-wavelength is used.
Length of a dipole antenna
The length of a dipole is very important for selecting the frequency that the antenna will work at. The antenna is an electrical half wavelength, or multiple of half wavelengths. This is not the same length as the wavelength for a signal travelling through air. There are a number of reasons for this. This means that an antenna will be a small amount shorter than the length calculated for a wave moving in air.
For a half wave dipole, the length for a wave moving in air is calculated. This number is multiplied by a factor "A". A is normally between 0.96 and 0.98. It is affected by the ratio of the length of the antenna to the thickness of the wire or tube used poles.
Uses of dipole antennas
Dipole antennas are used for many different things. These include television antennas (commonly referred to as "rabbit ears"), shortwave radio antennas and whip antennas.
Glenda Jackson

Glenda May Jackson CBE (9 May 1936 - 15 June 2023) was an English actress turned politician. She is best known for her portrayal of Queen Elizabeth I in the BBC series Elizabeth R in 1971. She won the Triple Crown of Acting, meaning she was the winner of an Oscar, Emmy and Tony Awards.
Life and career
Glenda Jackson studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She began her acting career in 1957. She joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, where she remained for four years.
After a few bit parts in movies, she got her first major role in Marat/Sade in 1966. In 1969, she appeared in Ken Russell's movie version of D.H. Lawrence's novel Women in Love. For this part, she won the Academy Award for best actress. The next year, she appeared in another Ken Russell's movie The Music Lovers.
Other notable movies have included; Sunday Bloody Sunday (1971), Mary, Queen of Scots (1971), The Triple Echo (1972), A Touch of Class (1973), which won her a second Academy Award for best actress, The Romantic Englishwoman (1975), Hedda (1975), The Incredible Sarah (1976), Stevie (1978), Hopscotch (1980) etc.
She also appeared to great acclaim on BBC television in Elizabeth R, a six parts series on the life of Queen Elizabeth I of England, which is thought by many as the most scholarly version.
Jackson retired from acting in 1992 and turned to politics. She entered the House of Commons as a Labour member of Parliament. She was married to Roy Hodges from 1958 to 1976, with whom she had a son, Daniel (born in 1969).
In August 2017, Burberry, a London-based luxury fashion house recruited Glenda Jackson to model the iconic trench and revealed the inspiration for its next London Fashion Week show.
On 15 June 2023, Jackson died at her home in Blackheath, London at the age of 87.