kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Pinyin for other languages

Chinese Pinyin is used for other languages besides Standard Mandarin and other Varieties of Chinese. In China different pinyin systems are used for Mongolian, Uyghur, Manchu, and Tibetan.
The former State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, Geographical Names Committee and former Script Reform Committee created these pinyin methods.
These have been used since 1978.
Australidelphia

The Australidelphia is a superorder of Australasian marsupial mammals.
It consists in five extant (living) orders, which contain most of the world's marsupials.
Robert A. Taft

Robert Alphonso Taft (September 8, 1889 - July 31, 1953) was an American politician for the Republican Party. He was the son of President William Howard Taft. He served as the Senator of Ohio from January 3, 1939 until his death in July 31, 1953. Taft was also the Senate Majority Leader from January 3, 1953 until his death on July 31, 1953. He is thought to be one of the greatest Senators in American history. He ran for President four times from 1940, 1944, 1948, and in 1952.
Taft was born on September 8, 1889 in Cincinnati, Ohio. He studied at Taft School, at Yale University and at the Harvard Law School. Taft was married to Martha Wheaton Bowers from 1914 until his death in 1953. They had four sons. Taft died on July 31, 1953 in a hospital in New York City, New York from a cerebral hemorrhage, aged 63.
List of settlements in Iceland

This is a list of cities and towns in Iceland.
Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development

The Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) is a ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. The ministry's headquarters are in what used to be the Bundeskanzleramt (the Federal Chancellor's Office building) in Bonn, with a second office in the Europahaus, in Berlin.
History
The BMZ was founded 1961, as the Ministry for Economic Cooperation. Lots of different ministries had a little to do with helping the economies of foreign countries. These jobs were all taken away and given to the new ministry. It became the "Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development" on 23 January 1993. The change was to show that Germany was not just interested in working with Less Developed Countries, but in helping those countries as well.
Ministers
Job
The BMZ main job is help to other countries to develop and become richer. It does this by giving money and other aid.
The BMZ also oversees giving money to international organisations and private charities which can help the BMZ's main job.
The money that Germany gives to the European Development Fund, the World Bank and regional development banks is paid by the BMZ.
The BMZ also makes sure that countries which get money are democratic and have a good human rights record.
Germany thinks that giving this help is so important that the BMZ is a member of the Federal Security Council, which helps to make sure that Germany is safe and at peace.
Meridian, Sutter County, California

Meridian is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sutter County, California. The 2020 United States Census reported Meridian's population was 304.
Natsagiin Bagabandi

Natsagiin Bagabandi (; born April 22, 1950) is a Mongolian politician. He is the Director of Oyu Tolgoi LLC. He was the 2nd President of Mongolia from 1997 to 2005. He is a member of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party.
Come Tomorrow, Please...

Come Tomorrow, Please... () is a 1963 Soviet comedy movie directed by Yevgeny Tashkov. It stars Ekaterina Savinova, Anatoli Papanov, and Yuri Gorobets.
Steelyard

The Steelyard was a place in London for trading. It was commonly used by the Hanseatic League in the Middle Ages. Many of the buildings were damaged during the Great Fire of London in 1666.
It is on the North bank of the River Thames and is now used as a railway station.
Subiaco, Western Australia

Subiaco is an inner-western suburb of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. It is about west of Perth.
Renée Simonot

Renee Simonot (born Jeanne Renee Deneuve; 10 September 1911 - 11 July 2021) was a French actress. She was known for being one of the first French actresses to dub an English movie. She mostly dubbed Olivia de Havilland and Sylvia Sidney. A stage actress, she appeared in many productions of Les Miserables.
Simonot died on 11 July 2021 in Paris, just two months before her 110th birthday.
LaMia Airlines Flight 2933

LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 was a flight operated by LaMia that crashed near the city of Medellin in Colombia. The airplane was carrying players from the Chapecoense football team. The airplane had an aircraft registration of . The airplane crashed on 28 November 2016, at around 22:00 local time. The crash killed 71 people. Seven people originally survived the crash. However, one of the survivors, a goalkeeper known as Danilo, died a few hours after the plane crashed. The three Chapecoense players that survived were Alan Ruschel, Jakson Follmann, and Neto.
It crashed on November 28, 2016 at approximately 21:58 (UTC-5: 00). Among the passengers were players from the Brazilian soccer team Chapecoense, who were on their way to play the 2016 Copa Sudamericana final against Atletico Nacional. Six people survived the accident. The Colombian Civil Aeronautics Special Administrative Unit investigated the accident with the support of the British Air Accidents Investigation Branch.
The preliminary Colombian report indicated that the plane was traveling overweight and with fuel at the limit, and that the pilots mistakenly decided not to make stopovers to refuel at the Alfredo Vasquez Cobo de Leticia or El Dorado of Bogota airports. In addition, they did not inform air control of the fuel shortage until the last moment. They did not comply with the flight plan, which should not have been approved by the airport authorities.
The final report of Aeronautica Civil de Colombia, released on April 27, 2018, highlights that the LaMia company "did not comply with the minimum quantity of fuel requirements demanded in international standards, since it did not take into account the fuel required for fly to an alternate airport, the contingency airport, the reserve airport, or the minimum landing fuel"
Aircraft
The aircraft was an Avro RJ85, registration CP-2933, which made its first flight on March 26, 1999. After being in service with other airlines and going through a storage period between 2010 and 2013, it was acquired by LaMia. The company had a fleet of three RJ85s, but at the time of the accident, the CP-2933 was the only aircraft of the company that could fly.
In popular culture
The United States cable TV network ESPN produced an hour long story about the crash for its E:60 news magazine TV show. It focused on how one of the pilots was also a co-owner of the airline company and the effects on the survivors and on family members of the people killed in the accident.
The crash of LaMia Flight 2933 was covered in "Football Tragedy", a Season 19 (2019) episode of the internationally syndicated Canadian TV documentary series Air Crash Investigation. The show premiered in the United States on the Smithsonian Channel's Air Disasters as "Soccer Tragedy" in November 2019.
Lepospondyl

The Lepospondyli are a large group of batrachomorph tetrapods from the Palaeozoic era. They are sometimes included in the Labyrinthodonts.
They lived during the Carboniferous to the early Permian. There are six different groups. The Acherontiscidae, Adelospondyli, Aistopoda, Lysorophia, Microsauria and Nectridea. The included species which looked somewhat like newts, eels, snakes and lizards. Some of them were aquatic, semi-aquatic, and terrestrial animals. None of them were big animals.
Neman

Neman or Niemen or Nemunas is a major Eastern European river. It starts in Belarus and flows through Lithuania before draining into the Curonian Lagoon and then into the Baltic Sea at Klaipeda. It is the northern border between Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast in its lower reaches. It also very briefly forms part of the border between Lithuania and Belarus. It is the largest river in Lithuania and the 3rd largest in Belarus. People are able to travel on it for most of its 900-kilometer length. Its depth varies from one meter to five meters.
The Neman tributaries
The Neman tributaries are:
the rivers Neris (Viliya), the Shchara, and the Sesupe, Svisloch, Nevezis River, Dubysa, Jura, Minija, Western Berezina, Zelvyanka, Molchad, Ros, Servech, Losha, Gorodnichanka and others.
Biological communities
The following fish have been found in the Neman: perch, pike, zander, roach, tench, bream, rudd, ruffe, and bleak. Its tributaries also contain stone loach, the three-spined stickleback, minnows, trout, sculpins, gudgeon, dace and chub.
Atlantic salmon used to migrate upstream to spawn. The dams on the river made there be less. The dam at Kaunas does not provide fish ladders.
John A. Stormer

John A. Stormer (February 9, 1928 - July 10, 2018) was an American Protestant anti-communist author. He was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Stormer was best known for his 1964 book None Dare Call it Treason. His books sold millions, warning America about the communist in the American society, politics and culture. Richard Hofstadter in The Paranoid Style in American Politics called it a "masterful piece of folkish propaganda."
Stormer died on July 10, 2018 in Troy, Missouri at the age of 90.
Xylophanes amadis

Xylophanes amadis is large moth of the Family Sphingidae. It is found in Surinam, and westward through Guyana, Venezuela and Bolivia.
Lorüns

Loruns is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
Evaporator

An evaporator is a device used to turn a liquid into a gas through evaporation.
Air conditioning and refrigeration
Air conditioners and refrigerators use a compressed liquid with a low boiling point that vaporizes inside the system and cools it, while releasing the thermal energy into its surroundings. The cooling liquid, or refrigerant is pumped into the cooled compartment (the evaporator coil) inside an air handler. Low pressure then causes the refrigerant to evaporate taking the heat with it. After this, it will continue back to the compressor.
Egnach

Egnach is a municipality of the district of Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
It is on Lake Constance.
Sidensjö IK

Sidensjo IK is a sports club in Sidensjo in Sweden. The club was established in 1921. It runs soccer, track and field athletics, gymnastics, orienteering and skiing.
The women's soccer team played five seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978-1986.
Life (disambiguation)

Life is a quality of something that has biological processes, for example an animal or plant. It might also refer to:
Life (BBC TV series)
"Life" (Our Lady Peace song)
Life (magazine), a defunct American magazine
Levallois-Perret

Levallois-Perret is a commune that is found in the Hauts-de-Seine department in France. In 2017, 64,379 people lived there.
Bismarck (footballer)

Bismarck Barreto Faria (born 17 September 1969) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Urs Widmer

Urs Widmer (21 May 1938 - 2 April 2014) was a Swiss novelist, playwright, essayist and short story writer. He wrote for several different newspapers and other publications. He was best known for his 2000 book Der Geliebte der Mutter (The Mother's Lover). In 2013, he won the Friedrich Holderlin Prize. He was born in Basel.
Widmer died after a long illness on 2 April 2014 in Zurich. He was 75 years old.
Saint-Loup-de-Fribois

Saint-Loup-de-Fribois is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Belle Vie en Auge.
Villeneuve, Puy-de-Dôme

Villeneuve is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Puy-de-Dome department in central France.
Frank Lui

Frank Fakaotimanava Lui, (19 November 1935 - 9 July 2021) was a Niuean politician. He was the Premier of the Pacific Island state of Niue from 12 March 1993 through 26 March 1999. Lui was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 1999 Queen's Birthday Honours.
Lui died on 9 July 2021 in Alofi at the age of 85.
Karkkila

Karkkila is a city in Finland. About 9,111 people lived there as of 31 May 2013. Nearby municipalities include Lohja, Loppi, Tammela and Vihti.
Some villages
Ahmoo, Alimmainen, Haavisto (Karkkila), Jarvenpaa (Karkkila), Karkkila, Nyhkalala, Siikala, Tuorila, Vaskijarvi (village), Vattola and Vuotinainen.
Good Hair Day

Good Hair Day (also called ghd) is an English hair styling company. It is the UK's leading maker of hair irons and hair products.
Ownership
Good Hair Day is owned by Jemella Group. The company was started in 2001 by Martin Penny, Gary Douglas and Robert Powls. In 2007, after being sold to Lloyds Development Capital, Jemella was re-sold 11 months later to Montagu Private Equity group for L160 million.
Popularity
The brand has received endorsements from celebrities, such as Madonna, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Victoria Beckham. Because of this, Martin Penny won the North Region Consumer Products Entrepreneur of the Year in 2005 for the product, and Consumer Products Entrepreneur Of The Year. The product has been involved with many fashion shows, such as New York Fashion Week, Alice McCall, and Willow Lingerie, and also sponsored the 2004 season of reality TV program The Salon.
Halloween (2018 movie)

Halloween is a 2018 American slasher horror movie directed by David Gordon Green and written by Green, Jeff Fradley, and Danny McBride. It is the eleventh installment in the Halloween franchise. It is a direct sequel to the 1978 movie of the same name.
Jamie Lee Curtis and Nick Castle star as their roles as Laurie Strode and Michael Myers, respectively. The movie also stars Judy Greer, Andi Matichak, Will Patton, Haluk Bilginer, Toby Huss and Virginia Gardner.
It was released on October 19, 2018, a week before the 40th anniversary of John Carpenter's original Halloween. The movie received strong positive reviews from critics and fans. A sequel, Halloween Kills, was released on October 15, 2021.
Eduardo Fajardo

Eduardo Martinez Fajardo (14 August 1924 - 4 July 2019) was a Spanish actor. He was born in Meis (Pontevedra), Spain. He appeared in more than 160 movies between 1947 and 2002. He was known for his roles in 7th Cavalry and Django.
Fajardo died on 4 July 2019 while on a trip in Mexico City at the age of 94.
I'm Alive

I'm Alive is the tenth studio album by Jackson Browne. The album was released on October 11, 1993. It did not have any major hits but the album managed a gold record.
Geronimo (alpaca)

Geronimo (6 February 2013 - 31 August 2021) was a stud alpaca. He lived at Shepherds Close Farm in Wickwar, Gloucestershire, England. After Geronimo tested positive for bovine tuberculosis (bTB), a controversy came about the fate and the British government's policy of euthanising any animal that tested positive for bTB. After a number of court battles, Geronimo was euthanised.
American Diabetes Association

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) are a United States nonprofit organization. ADA seek to educate the public on diabetes and anyone affected by it. That includes type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes and other forms of the disease.
The ADA were founded in 1940.
Baldwin I, Count of Flanders

Baldwin I (+ 879), also known as Baldwin Iron Arm (), was a French nobleman and became the first count of Flanders.
Career
Baldwin's father was named Audacer but little else is known of him. His family was related to the counts of Laon. Before holding Flanders Baldwin was already a count, probably at Ghent. Baldwin was in Senlis in 862. Somehow he decided to take Judith, the daughter of Charles the Bald, the king, for his wife. Judith, had been the wife of two English kings, Athelwulf (+ 858) and Athelbald (+ 860). On her return and still in her teens she was being held at the castle of Senlis by her father. Baldwin took Judith, the twice widowed daughter of Charles the Bald,
and the couple fled to the court of Lothair II, king of Lorraine. He was Judith's cousin. Once they were safely out of her father's reach Baldwin married her. This was about 863. King Charles had his bishops excommunicate the couple. He also demanded that his nephew return Baldwin and his daughter Judith to him. At this point Baldwin and Judith fled to Rome. They asked Pope Nicholas I to intercede and legitimize their marriage. Baldwin made known his intent to join the Vikings if his marriage was not allowed. Vikings were a constant threat in northern France and Baldwin was needed to help fight them. The pope decided their marriage was valid and had the bishops withdraw their excommunication. Charles the Bald was forced to accept Baldwin as his son-in-law. The couple was married a second time, in public. Her father did not attend but sent officials to witness the marriage. He gave Baldwin the honors the pope recommended.
Baldwin was given rule over Flanders with the title of margrave (count of a borderland) of Flanders. He protected Flanders for the next fifteen years from Vikings. He became known for his harsh treatment of anyone attacking Flanders. This later gave him the name "Baldwin Iron Arm". In 867 Baldwin built a castle at Ghent to protect from Viking raids. The city built up around the castle. Ghent became the seat of his countship. Baldwin also built a castle at Bruges, the port city on the North Sea. It too was for the purpose of stopping Viking plundering. When Charles the Bald died in 877, Baldwin faithfully supported his son, Louis the Stammerer, helping him become king of the Franks. Baldwin died in 879.
Family
Baldwin married Judith (-after 870), daughter of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor. Together they had:
Baldwin II (-918), he succeeded his father as count.
Raoul (Rodulf) (+ 896), Count of Cambrai.
Guinidilda, she married Wifredo I, Count of Barcelona.
Charley Varrick

Charley Varrick is a 1973 American crime action thriller movie. It was directed by Don Siegel. Actors include: Walter Matthau, Andrew Robinson, Joe Don Baker, John Vernon, Felicia Farr. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. The movie is based on the novel The Looters by John H. Reese.
Matthau won the 1974 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards for Best Actor in Charley Varrick. In addition, Frank Morriss was nominated for the 1974 BAFTA Award for Best Editing.
Südheide (municipality)

Sudheide is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It takes its name from the heathland Sudheide. It was formed on 1 January 2015 by the merger of the previous municipalities Hermannsburg and Unterluss.
The villages of Sudheide are: Baven, Beckedorf, Bonstorf, Hermannsburg, Lutterloh, Oldendorf, Unterluss, Weesen.
Pieve di Teco

Pieve di Teco () is a comune in the Province of Imperia, in the Liguria region in Italy.
Maurice Gibb

Maurice Ernest Gibb, CBE (; 22 December 1949 - 12 January 2003) was a British singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. He was married to Scottish singer, Lulu, in 1969 but they split four years later.
Career
Gibb was a member of the British-Australian pop group The Bee Gees. Although his brothers Barry and Robin Gibb were the group's main lead singers, most of their albums included at least one or two compositions by Maurice, including "Lay It on Me", "Country Woman" and "On Time". The Bee Gees were one of the most successful rock-pop groups ever.
Death
Gibb died of complications from a twisted intestine on 12 January 2003 in Miami Beach, Florida at the age of 53.
Chagos Archipelago

The Chagos Archipelago ( or ) or Chagos Islands (formerly the Bassas de Chagas, and later the Oil Islands) is a group of seven atolls in the Indian Ocean. The atolls are made up of more than 60 individual islands. The islands are located about south of Maldives.
As of 2018, Mauritius has taken the matter to the International Court of Justice for an advisory opinion, against British objections.
The islands make up the British Indian Ocean Territory.
On 25 February 2019, in an advisory opinion, the International Court of Justice found that the United Kingdom "illegally" separated the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius after its independence in 1968.
The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution on May 22, 2019, commanding Great Britain to return the Chagos Archipelago to the Republic of Mauritius within six months, which would allow Chagossians to recover their land.
Pedro León Zapata

Pedro Leon Zapata (February 27, 1929 - February 6, 2015) was a prominent Venezuelan artist, humorist and cartoonist. He was born in La Grita, Tachira.
Zapata died in Caracas, Venezuela at the age of 85.
Portlethen

Portlethen is a town 7 mi south of Aberdeen, Scotland along the A90. It has expanded rapidly over the last 30 years. Portlethen has a population of about 7000, and more than 800 houses are, as of 2007, were being built on nearby farmland. To the east of Portlethen lie three fishing villages: Findon, Downies and Old Portlethen (now often referred to as Portlethen Village). Although Portlethen is a town in terms of population (and it has been granted official town status), it resembles a residential suburb without a clear 'town centre' or focal point.
Ioannis

Ioannis or Ioannes (), shortened to Giannis or Yannis (Giannes) is a Greek name. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).
Clos du Doubs

Clos du Doubs is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Epauvillers, Epiquerez, Montenol, Montmelon, Ocourt, Saint-Ursanne and Seleute merged into the new municipality of Clos du Doubs.
Clos du Doubs is about west of Delemont.
Tournières

Tournieres is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Unfinished building

An unfinished building is a building that was being built, but was either abandoned or is on hold. There are many different reasons why buildings have not been completed. One of the biggest reasons for unfinished buildings, is when the money runs out. The National Monument in Scotland was planned to be a War Memorial for soldiers killed in the Napoleonic Wars. Building started in 1826, but the money ran out in 1829. The Sagrada Familia, a church in Barcelona, Spain, was started in 1882 and is still not finished. It is not finished because when the architect, Antoni Gaudi, died in 1926 after he was hit by a tram, and he did not leave many plans for the building. What was left was destroyed during the Spanish Civil War. The war also meant that there was not enough money to complete the project.
Cestas

Cestas is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
White Butte

White Butte is the highest point in North Dakota. It has an elevation of . It is a butte in Slope County, in the Badlands.
Charmont-sous-Barbuise

Charmont-sous-Barbuise is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Villers-Saint-Martin

Villers-Saint-Martin is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region in eastern France.
Citrus County, Florida

Citrus County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, 153,843 people lived there. Citrus County was formed in 1887. Its county seat is Inverness.
Steve Israel

Steven J. Israel (born May 30, 1958) is an American politician. He was the United States Representative for from 2001 to 2017. He is a member of the Democratic Party and was head of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee until November 2014.
In 2017, he joined CNN as a political commentator.
Alemão (footballer, born 2002)

Matheus Diogo Desevinka de Oliveira (born 10 June 2002), also known as Alemao, is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Operario Ferroviario.
Chiojdu

Chiojdu () is a commune of Buzau County in Romania.
Jeepers Creepers (2001 movie)

Jeepers Creepers is a horror movie which also had sequels.
It was directed by Victor Salva with Gina Phillips and Justin Long. It made 59 plus million at box office. Jonathan Breck played the creeper.
Vera Miles

Vera Miles (born August 23, 1929) is an American actress. She worked closely with Alfred Hitchcock. She is known for her role as Lila Crane in the classic masterpiece Psycho, and in the sequel Psycho II. Her other popular movie include The Wrong Man, The Searchers, Follow Me Boys! and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance.
British Rail Class EF1

The British Rail Class EF1 (Electric Freight 1) was a class of electrically powered locomotives used by British Rail in England. They were used during the pre-TOPS period. They were also classified as British Rail Class EB1 for a short period of time, although only a single locomotive was completely modified to EB1 condition.
Wiener schnitzel

Wiener Schnitzel (Viennese Schnitzel in German, where Schnitzel means a without bones) is a traditional Austrian dish and is a popular part of Viennese and Austrian cuisine, consisting of a thin slice of veal coated in breadcrumbs and fried.
In Austria the dish is traditionally served with a lemon slice, lingonberry jam and either potato salad or potatoes with parsley and butter. While the traditional Wiener Schnitzel is made of veal, it is now sometimes made of pork, though in that case it is often called Schnitzel Wiener Art (Germany) (Viennese style schnitzel) or Wiener Schnitzel vom Schwein (Austria) (Viennese schnitzel from the pig) to differentiate it from the original. In Austria, the term Wiener Schnitzel is protected by law, and any schnitzel called by that name has to be made from veal.
The dish may have originated in Milan, northern Italy, as cotoletta alla milanese, and may have appeared in Vienna during the 15th or 16th century. According to another theory, it was introduced in 1857 by Field Marshal Radetzky, who spent much of his life in Milan. The term Wiener Schnitzel itself dates to at least 1862.
Schnitzel Around the World
Schnitzel is often mistaken for sausage in the modern American society. What many Americans do not realize about schnitzel is that its part of the melting pot of American cultures. For example, German immigrants to Texas in the 1800s combined schnitzel recipes to make chicken fried steak -- popular in the southwest U.S.A.. Chicken tenders are similar to Schnitzel as well.
Even Israel has its own type of schnitzel. Areas with large German populations like Argentina also carry schnitzel.
Even though schnitzel is often served as a platter, it comes in sandwiches as well. If it's a platter, it usually comes with "Spatzle" -- German egg noodles.
L'Écouvotte

L'Ecouvotte is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
Columba Domínguez

Columba Dominguez Adalid (March 4, 1929 - August 13, 2014) was a Mexican movie actress. She was married to Mexican director Emilio Fernandez. Dominguez was known for her role in Pueblerina (1949).
Dominguez died from respiratory failure in Mexico City, aged 85.
Eastern hemisphere

The Eastern hemisphere is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of the 180th Meridian. It is the opposite of the Western hemisphere. It can be also used to describe Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa and Oceania.
Hixton (town), Wisconsin

Hixton is a town in Jackson County, Wisconsin, USA. As of the 2010 census the population was 652.
Röttenbach, Roth

Rottenbach is a municipality in Roth, in Bavaria, Germany.
Rajasthan Royals

Rajasthan Royals (often abbreviated as RR) are a franchise cricket team based in Jaipur, Rajasthan. It plays in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2008 as one of the initial eight IPL franchises, the team is based at the Sawai Mansingh Stadium in Jaipur. The Royals are known to unearth obscure, high potential talent, as well as for their involvement in a number of controversies and scandals.
History
The team won the inaugural edition of the IPL under the captaincy of Shane Warne, despite being written off as a title contender by the media and fans. The Royals were also the runners-up of the 2013 Champions League Twenty20 under Rahul Dravid's captaincy.
On 14 July 2015, the verdict reached by a panel appointed by the Supreme Court of India suspended Rajasthan Royals and Chennai Super Kings for two years over a 2013 betting scandal. This means they could not participate in both the 2016 and 2017 IPL tournaments. They returned to the competition for the 2018 season.
Records
The team's record run-scorer is Ajinkya Rahane with 3098 runs, while the leading wicket-taker is Shane Watson, with 67.
Electoral division of Johnston

Johnston is an electoral division of the Northern Territory. It was created in 2001.
Johnston is in Darwin.
Election results
Note that the swings above are calculated from the 2020 Johnston by-election.
Aldo Giordano

Aldo Giordano (20 August 1954 - 2 December 2021) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He was Apostolic Nuncio to the European Union in 2021. He was Apostolic Nuncio to Venezuela from 2013 to 2021. He was the Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg from 2008 to 2013. Giordano was born in Cuneo, Italy.
Giordano died on 2 December 2021 from problems caused by COVID-19 at a hospital in Louvain, Belgium at the age of 67.
Air Jamaica

Air Jamaica was the national airline of Jamaica from Kingston, Jamaica. It flies regular services from Kingston and Montego Bay to 23 airports in the Caribbean, the USA, Canada and United Kingdom. The airline's main bases are Norman Manley International Airport (KIN), Kingston and Sangster International Airport (MBJ), Montego Bay.
Ministry of Economics and Finance (France)

The Ministry of the Economy and Finance (, pronounced ), informally referred to as Bercy, is one of the most important ministries in the Government of France.
Le Chaudron infernal

Le Chaudron infernal is a French silent trick movie made in 1903. It was directed by Georges Melies. In Britain it was released as The Infernal Cauldron and in the United States as The Infernal Caldron and the Phantasmal Vapors. It was released by Melies's Star Film Company and is numbered 499-500 in its catalogues.
Plot
In a Renaissance chamber decorated with devilish faces and a warped coat of arms, a gleeful Satan throws three human victims into a cauldron, which spews out flames. The victims rise from the cauldron as nebulous ghosts, and then turn into fireballs. The fireballs multiply and pursue Satan around the chamber. Finally Satan himself leaps into the infernal cauldron, which gives off a final burst of flame.
Versions
The movies Melies did before 1903 were often pirated by American producers. This is especially true for his popular movie A Trip to the Moon. To fight against this product piracy, Melies opened an American branch of his Star Film Company. He began producing two negatives of each movie he made: one for home markets, and one for foreign release. To produce the two separate negatives, Melies built a special camera that used two lenses and two reels of film.
In the 2000s, researchers at the French film company Lobster Films noticed that Melies's two-lens system was a fully functional, stereo film camera. 3D versions of Melie' movies could e made by combining the domestic and foreign prints of the film. Serge Bromberg, the founder of Lobster Films, presented 3D versions of The Infernal Cauldron and another 1903 Melies film, The Oracle of Delphi, at a January 2010 presentation at the Cinematheque Francaise. According to the film critic Kristin Thompson, "the effect of 3D was delightful ... the films as synchronized by Lobster looked exactly as if Melies had designed them for 3D." Bromberg screened both films again--as well as the 1906 Melies film The Mysterious Retort, similarly prepared for 3D--at a September 2011 presentation at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Valerie Mahaffey

Valerie Mahaffey (June 16, 1953) is an American actress who acts mostly for television programs. She acted in the sitcom Desperate Housewives. She has had some movies during her career. She was raised near Austin, Texas.
Sidensjö

Sidensjo is a locality in Ornskoldsvik Municipality in Vasternorrland County in Sweden. In 2010, 399 people lived there.
John Kennedy Sr. (footballer)

John Kennedy Sr. (29 December 1928 - 25 June 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for the Hawthorn Football Club, and coached Hawthorn and the North Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Camberwell, Victoria.
Kennedy Sr. died on 25 June 2020 at the age of 91.
Space-time tradeoff

In computer science, a space-time or time-memory tradeoff is a way of solving a problem or calculation in less time by using more storage space (or memory), or by solving a problem in very little space by spending a long time. Most computers have a large amount of space, but not infinite space. Also, most people are willing to wait a little while for a big calculation, but not forever. So if your problem is taking a long time but not much memory, a space-time tradeoff would let you use more memory and solve the problem more quickly. Or, if it could be solved very quickly but requires more memory than you have, you can try to spend more time solving the problem in the limited memory.
The most common condition is an algorithm using a lookup table. This means that the answers for some question for every possible value can be written down. One way of solving this problem is to write down the entire lookup table, which will let you find answers very quickly, but will use a lot of space. Another way is to calculate the answers without writing down anything, which uses very little space, but might take a long time.
A space-time tradeoff can be used with the problem of data storage. If data is stored uncompressed, it takes more space but less time than if the data were stored compressed (since compressing the data decreases the amount of space it takes, but it takes time to run the compression algorithm).
Larger code size can be used to increase program speed when using loop unwinding. This technique makes the program code longer for each iteration of a loop, but saves the computation time needed for jumping back to the beginning of the loop at the end of each iteration.
In the field of cryptography, using space-time tradeoff, the attacker is decreasing the exponential time required for a brute force attack. Rainbow tables use partially precomputed values in the hash space of a cryptographic hash function to crack passwords in minutes instead of weeks. Decreasing the size of the rainbow table increases the time required to iterate over the hash space. The meet-in-the-middle attack attack uses a space-time tradeoff to find the cryptographic key in only encryptions (and space) compared to the expected encryptions (but only space) of the normal attack.
Dynamic programming is another example where the time of solving problems can be decreased by using more memory.
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile

The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile is a Catholic university based in the city of Santiago de Chile. It was founded in 1888 through a decree issued by the Santiago Archbishop. This university was one of the first Chilean universities teaching strong entrepreneurship starting with two subjects: law and mathematics.
Franklin County, Missouri

Franklin County is a county in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 104,682. The county seat is Union. The county was founded in 1818 and is named after Founding Father Benjamin Franklin.
Niévroz

Nievroz is a commune. It is found in the Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region in the Ain department in the east of France.
Lewis, Vermont

Lewis is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk

Johann Ludwig "Lutz" Graf Schwerin von Krosigk (22 August 1887 - 4 March 1977) was a German politician.
Early life
Johann Ludwig von Krosigk was born in Rathmannsdorf, in the Kingdom of Saxony. His father was from a noble family in Anhalt, his mother was a daughter of one of the Counts ("Graf") von Schwerin. He studied law and politics in Halle, in Lausanne and, as a Rhodes Scholar, at the University of Oxford.
He became a Lieutenant in the German Army during World War I, and he won the Iron Cross. In 1918, Krosigk married Baroness Ehrengard von Plettenberg. They had four sons and five daughters.
Nazi years
Pre-World War II
Schwerin von Krosigkut was a conservative, but not a member of any political party when was appointed Minister of Finance by Franz von Papen in 1932. President Paul von Hindenburg asked him to stay in office under Kurt von Schleicher. Hitler kept him as finance minister throughout the period of Nazi Party rule, even though several members of his family took part in attempts to kill Hitler.
World War II
On 1 May 1945, Schwerin von Krosigk was asked to be the Chancellor (Reichskanzler) of the Acting Government by new President (Reichsprasident) Karl Donitz.
On 7 May 1945, Donitz allowed the German Army to surrender at Rheims before General Eisenhower.
Winston Churchill recognised the Flensburg Government de facto because he said the surrender was allowed by "Grand Admiral Donitz the designated Head of State". The government was dissolved when its members were captured by British forces on 23 May 1945, at Flensburg.
Schwerin von Krosigk was tried at Ministries Trial at Nuremberg along with other leading members of the Nazi Government. Schwerin von Krosigk was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment but was released during an amnesty in 1951.
After World War II
In later years Schwerin von Krosigk wrote several books about economics policy and two versions of his memoirs.
He was one of the first to talk about an "Iron Curtain" coming down across Europe, in a broadcast to the German people on 2 May 1945, a phrase which he had picked up from an article by Joseph Goebbels, and later used by Winston Churchill in a speech that made the phrase famous.
Schwerin von Krosigk died in 1977 in the town of Essen, Germany, aged 89.
Mario (disambiguation)

Mario is a Nintendo video game character. Mario or Mario Son may also mean:
People
Mario, a male given name
Mario Gomez
Mario R. Capecchi
Mario Jeckle
Video Games
Mario (series), the video games with Mario in them
Pentti Siimes

Pentti Kalevi Siimes (10 September 1929 - 27 October 2016) was a Finnish actor. He appeared in 86 movies and television shows between 1946 and 2008. He was born in Helsinki, Finland.
Siimes starred in the movie Miriam, which was entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival. He was known for his role as PFC. Maatta in the 1955 movie The Unknown Soldier.
Siimes died on 27 October 2016 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 87.
Häggeby och Vreta

Haggeby och Vreta is a locality in Habo Municipality in Uppsala County in Sweden. In 2010, 224 people lived there.
Kubja Vishnuvardhana

Kubja Vishnuvardhana was the brother of Chalukya king Pulikeshin II. Vishnuvardhana ruled the Vengi territories in the eastern Andhra Pradesh as the viceroy under Pulakeshin II. Later he declared it as an independent country. Thus started the Eastern Chalukya dynasty (c. 624).The Eastern Chalukyas ruled the Vengi kingdom for nearly five centuries.
Reign
Vishnuvardhana ruled over a kingdom extending from Nellore to Visakhapatnam. He got the title of Vishamasiddhi (conqueror of difficulties). Vishnuvardhana participated in the wars between his brother Pulikesin II and the Pallava Narasimhavarma I. He possibly lost his life in thebattle in 641.His son Jayasimha I succeeded him as the king.
Intellectual dark web

The Intellectual Dark Web is a nickname for a group of people on the Internet.
They use YouTube and podcasts to criticize political correctness and what they call "the regressive left" meaning extremes in left-wing politics. Critics of the Intellectual Dark Web say it just supports right-wing politics and think it encourages extremism about right-wing politics. The Intellectual Dark Web says that this is wrong. Sam Harris used to say he was in the Intellectual Dark Web but then said he no longer supported it because it supports Donald Trump. BreadTube is very critical of the Intellectual Dark Web.
Capsid

A capsid is the protein shell of a virus. It is made of several protein subunits. The observable 3-dimensional subunits are called 'capsomeres'. The capsid encloses the nucleic acid of the virus.
Capsids are broadly classified according to their structure. Some viruses, such as bacteriophages, have developed more complicated structures. The icosahedral shape, which has 20 equilateral triangular faces, approximates a sphere, while the helical shape is cylindrical. The capsid faces may consist of one or more proteins. For example, the foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid has faces consisting of three proteins called VP1-3.
Viral envelopes
Most viruses (e.g. influenza and many animal viruses) have viral envelopes covering their protein capsids. This means the capsid is coated with a lipid membrane.
The envelope is got by the capsid from an intracellular membrane in the virus' host; such as the inner nuclear membrane, the golgi membrane, or the cell's outer membrane.
The envelope may help viruses avoid the host immune system. Glycoproteins on the surface of the envelope bind to receptor sites on the host's membrane. The viral envelope then fuses with the host's membrane This allows the capsid and viral genome to enter and infect the host.
Hayabusa2

is an asteroid sample-return mission owned by the Japanese state space agency JAXA. It replaced the Hayabusa mission, which returned asteroid samples for the first time in June 2010.
Hayabusa2 was launched on 3 December 2014 and rendezvoused in space with near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu on 27 June 2018. It surveyed the asteroid for a year and a half and took samples. It left the asteroid in November 2019 and returned the samples to Earth on 5 December 2020.
Charrat

Charrat is a municipality in the district Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Interstate 39

Interstate 39 is an Interstate Highway in the United States. It goes from Normal, Illinois north to Rothschild, Wisconsin. The route is long.
The Idol (2015 movie)

The Idol is a 2015 Palestinian British Qatari Dutch Egyptian United Arab Emirates drama movie directed by Hany Abu-Assad and starring Tawfeek Barhom, Nadine Labaki, Ashraf Barhom, Saber Shreim.
Apollo 13

Apollo 13 was the seventh mission of NASA's Project Apollo. It was the third lunar-lander mission with a crew. Jim Lovell commanded Apollo 13. The other astronauts were Jack Swigert and Fred Haise.
The craft launched successfully toward the Moon, but two days after launch a faulty oxygen tank exploded. It damaged the Service Module. It lost oxygen and electrical power. There was a very large chance that the astronauts would die before they could return to Earth. They were very short on oxygen. Oxygen is not just used to breathe; on the Apollo spacecraft it was used in a device called a Fuel cell to generate electricity. So they saved their remaining air by turning off almost all their electrical equipment, for example heaters. It became very cold in the spacecraft.
The astronauts also had to move into the Apollo Lunar Module to survive and use it as lifeboat.
When they approached the Earth they were not sure that their parachutes, needed to slow the Command Module down, would work. The parachutes were thrown out by small explosive charges that were fired by batteries. The cold could have made the batteries fail, so the parachutes would not work and the Command Module would hit the ocean so fast that all aboard would be killed.
The flight
Apollo launched on April 11, 1970 at 19:13 UTC from Cape Canaveral and went into temporary low Earth orbit. Two hours later they fired the rocket motor again to go towards the Moon. They wanted to land at Fra Mauro. Despite the hardships, the crew made it back to Earth. Though the crew did not land on the Moon, the flight became very well known.
Some people thought it was a failure because they did not land on the Moon. However, others thought it was possibly the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations' (NASA's) greatest accomplishment in returning three men in a very damaged spacecraft back to Earth safely.
Coming up to re-entry, it was thought that the electrical equipment would short circuit because the water in the astronauts' breath had turned back into a liquid all over the computers. However, the electronics were fine.
Books were written about the event, for example one by Jim Lovell, the commander of the mission. A movie was also made about it, directed by Ron Howard and starring Tom Hanks.
Ricardo Rocha (footballer, born 1962)

Ricardo Roberto Barreto da Rocha (born 11 September 1962) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Derby North (UK Parliament constituency)

Derby North () is a constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom made up of a part of Derby. It has been represented in the House of Commons by Conservative politician Amanda Solloway since 2019. It was first created in 1950. It has been called a marginal seat since 2001.
Tieton, Washington

Tieton () is a city in Yakima County, Washington, United States. The population was 1,191 at the 2010 census.
Lugano

Lugano (Latin language: Luganum) is a city of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
Since 2004 the former municipalities of Breganzona, Cureggia, Davesco-Soragno, Gandria, Pambio-Noranco, Pazzallo, Pregassona and Viganello were incorporated into the city. In 2008, they were followed by Barbengo, Carabbia and Villa Luganese. In 2013 the former municipalities of Bogno, Cadro, Carona, Certara, Cimadera, Sonvico and Valcolla were incorporated into the city.
Olivier de Termes

Olivier de Termes was a famous knight from Termes, Aude, France. He was born in 1200 and died on August, 12, 1274.
Terry Gerin

Terrance "Terry" Gerin (born October 7, 1975) is an American professional wrestler and actor. He is best known for working with World Wrestling Federation, Extreme Championship Wrestling, and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring names Rhino and Rhyno. He currently works for Ring of Honor. His finishing move is called the Gore (spear).
Mörrum

Morrum is a locality in Karlshamn Municipality in Blekinge County in Sweden. In 2010, 3,695 people lived there.
2010 Dutch general election

The 2010 Dutch general election to elect the members of the House of Representatives was held on 9 June 2010.
The conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy won the most seats. Mark Rutte became the prime minister shortly after the election. The Christian Democratic Appeal lost the most seats in this election, while the Party for Freedom won the most.
Burleson County, Texas

Burleson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 17,642 people lived there. The county seat is Caldwell. The county is named for Edward Burleson, a general of the Texas Revolution.
Ilmarinen

Ilmarinen is an important person in Finnish mythology. He is a very good smith who made the sky. He also made the Sampo, a magical machine that makes salt, gold and food. He tried to create a new moon and a sun, but failed. Ilmarinen married one of Louhi's daughters.