Charente

Charente (Saintongeais: Cherente, ) is a department in southwestern France, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
It is named after the Charente river, the most important river in the department. The two largest towns of the department, Angouleme and Cognac, are along this river.
History
Charente is one of the 83 French departments made during the French revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created from the old province of Angoumois with lands around Angouleme.
The new department had six districts: Ruffec, Confolens, La Rochefoucauld, Angouleme, Barbezieux and Cognac. The capital (now prefecture) was Angouleme.
In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the six districts were changed into five arrondissements: Angouleme, Barbezieux, Cognac, Confolens and Ruffec.
On 10 September 1926, the arrondissements of Barbezieux and Ruffec were eliminated.
Geography
Charente is part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has an area of .
The highest point of the department is Rocher aux Oiseaux, high, in the commune of Montrollet; the lowest point is in the valley of the Charente river, commune of Merpins, and is high.
The department is bordered by the departments: Deux-Sevres, Vienne, Haute-Vienne, Dordogne and Charente-Maritime.
The main river in the department is the Charente that gives its name to the department. Other rivers are the Dronne and the Vienne.
Climate
The climate of Cognac is an oceanic climate with template summers, Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate) in the Koppen climate classification.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Cognac is . The month with the most precipitation on average is November with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Cognac is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration
The department is managed by the Departmental Council of the Charente in Angouleme. Charente is part of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
Administrative divisions
There are 3 arrondissements (districts), 19 cantons and 383 communes (municipalities) in Charente.
The following is a list of the 19 cantons of the Charente department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Angouleme-1 (1601)
Angouleme-2 (1602)
Angouleme-3 (1603)
Boeme-Echelle (1604)
Boixe-et-Manslois (1605)
Charente-Bonnieure (1606)
Charente-Champagne (1607)
Charente-Nord (1608)
Charente-Sud (1609)
Charente-Vienne (1610)
Cognac-1 (1611)
Cognac-2 (1612)
La Couronne (1613)
Gond-Pontouvre (1614)
Jarnac (1615)
Touvre-et-Braconne (1616)
Tude-et-Lavalette (1617)
Val de Nouere (1618)
Val de Tardoire (1619)
Demographics
The inhabitants of Charente are known, in French, as Charentais (women: Charentaises).
Charente has a population, in 2014, of 353,853, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Angouleme, with 197,377 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other two, Cognac and Confolens, have respectively 92,224 and 64,252 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Charente-Maritime
The 10 main cities in the department are:
Economy
The cognac is an alcoholic drink, a kind of brandy. It is made from grapes. It is made mainly around the city of Cognac.