kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Aristarchus of Samos

Aristarchus (310 BC - about 230 BC), was an ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician. His is the first known model that put the Sun at the center of the known universe with the Earth revolving around it (see Solar system).
Aristarchus was influenced by Philolaus of Croton, but he identified the "central fire" with the Sun, and put the other planets in their correct order of distance around the Sun. His astronomical ideas were often rejected in favour of the geocentric theories of Aristotle and Ptolemy.
Personal information
His name is Aristarkhos in Greek letters, which transliterates to Aristarchos. He was born on the island of Samos, in the eastern Aegean Sea.
Heliocentrism
Heliocentrism is the idea of the Sun at the centre. Though the original text has been lost, a reference in Archimedes' book The Sand Reckoner describes another work by Aristarchus in which he advanced the heliocentric model as an alternative hypothesis. Archimedes wrote:
So Aristarchus believed the stars were very far away, which is an important step. Therefore, there was no observable parallax, that is, a movement of the stars relative to each other while the Earth moves around the Sun. The stars are much farther away than was generally assumed in ancient times; and the tiny amount of stellar parallax is only detectable with telescopes.
The old geocentric model explained planetary parallax, and was assumed to be the reason why no stellar parallax was observed. Rejection of the heliocentric view was common, as the following passage from Plutarch suggests (On the apparent face in the orb of the Moon):
The only other astronomer of antiquity who is known by name and who is known to have supported Aristarchus' heliocentric model was Seleucus, a Hellenistic astronomer who lived a century after Aristarchus.
The heliocentric theory was successfully revived nearly 1800 years later by Copernicus, after which Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton gave the theoretical explanation based on laws of physics, namely Kepler's laws for the motion of planets and Newton's laws on gravitational attraction and dynamics.
Precession
The Vatican library has preserved two ancient manuscripts with estimates of the length of the year. The only ancient scientist listed for two different values is Aristarchus. Both are close to the values later used by Hipparchus and Ptolemy, and the precession indicated is almost precisely 1 degree per century, a value which is too low. 1 degree per century precession was used by all later astronomers until the Arabs. The correct value in Aristarchus's time was about 1.38 degrees per century.
Electoral district of Coffs Harbour

Coffs Harbour is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1981.
It is a conservative electorate and has only ever been held by the National Party. The current MP is Gurmesh Singh.
Nive

The Nive (, ) is a river in France. It flows through the Pyrenees-Atlantiques department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. The river starts in the Pyrenees. It is a left tributary of the Adour river.
Geography
The Nive river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .
Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Cambo-les-Bains in the Pyrenees-Atlantiques department.
Course
The Nive proper is formed from three small rivers in Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port:
The Nive de Beherobie (main stream)
The Laurhibar -
The Nive d'Arneguy -
The Nive passes through the towns of Esterencuby (Nive de Beherobie), Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, Bidarray, Cambo-les-Bains, Ustaritz, Villefranque and Bayonne, where it flows into the Adour.
It joins the Adour in the city of Bayonne, on its left bank, at an altitude of and at about from the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean).
1240

1240 was a leap year.
Events
Batu Khan and the Golden Horde sack the Ruthenian city of Kiev.
Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita defeats Sosso king Soumaoro Kante at the Battle of Kirina, beginning the Mali Empire.
July 15 - Russian prince Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva, saving Russia from a full-scale enemy invasion from the North.
End of the civil war era in Norway.
Saint Maurice is started to be portrayed as Moor.
Ippesheim

Ippesheim is a municipality in Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany.
Cro-Magnon

The earliest known Cro-Magnon remains are between 35,000 and 45,000 years old, based on radiometric dating. The oldest remains, from 43,000 45,000 years ago, were found in Italy and Britain. Other remains also show that Cro-Magnons reached the Russian Arctic about 40,000 years ago.
Cro-Magnons had powerful bodies, which were usually heavy and solid with strong muscles. Unlike Neanderthals, which had slanted foreheads, the Cro-Magnons had straight foreheads, like modern humans. Their faces were short and wide with a large chin. Their brains were slightly larger than the average human's is today.
Naming
The name "Cro-Magnon" was created by Louis Lartet, who discovered the first Cro-Magnon skull in southwestern France in 1868. He called the place where he found the skull Abri de Cro-Magnon. Abri means "rock shelter" in French; cro means "hole" in the Occitan language; and "Magnon" was the name of the person who owned the land where Lartet found the skull. Basically, Cro-Magnon means "hole on Magnon's land."
This is why scientists now use the term "European early modern humans" instead of "Cro-Magnons." In taxonomy, the term "Cro-Magnon" means nothing.
Cro-Magnon life
Used bones, shells, and teeth to make jewelry
Spun, dyed, and tied knots in flax, to make cords for their tools, make baskets, or sew clothing
Like most early humans, the Cro-Magnons mostly hunted large animals. For example, they killed mammoths, cave bears, horses, and reindeer for food. They hunted with spears, javelins, and spear-throwers. They also ate fruits from plants.
The Cro-Magnons were nomadic or semi-nomadic. This means that instead of living in just one place, they followed the migration of the animals they wanted to hunt. They may have built hunting camps from mammoth bones; some of these camps were found in a village in Ukraine. They also made shelters from rocks, clay, tree branches, and animal skin (leather).
Paul Gambaccini

Paul Matthew Gambaccini (born April 2, 1949) is an American-British radio and television presenter and author. He is known as "The Great Gambo" and "The Professor of Pop". Gambaccini was a BBC Radio 1 presenter for 16 years. He presented Kaleidoscope.
He was the host of the 12-part Classic FM series Paul Gambaccini's Hall of Heroes, and chairs the Radio 4 music quiz Counterpoint. He has been the presenter of Pick of the Pops on BBC Radio 2.
On 1 November 2013, it was reported that Gambaccini had been arrested on possible sexual offences as part of an investigation by Operation Yewtree in the United Kingdom. He was released on bail and his spokesman said that he denied the allegations. It was announced on 10 October 2014 that no charges would be brought. Gambaccini said he believed he was used as "bait" to have people make false accusations about him. He was cleared of all charges and eventually successfully sued police officials.
Gambaccini is openly gay.
PFA Players' Player of the Year

The PFA Players' Player of the Year is an annual award that is decided by the votes of the other players.
The award was first given out in 1974, to Norman Hunter of Leeds. The most recent winner is Kevin De Bruyne of Manchester City.
General store

A general store, (also called a general merchandise store, general dealer or village shop) is a rural or small town store that carries a very general selection of merchandise. The store is often a small space. It is where people from the town and surrounding rural areas come to purchase staple food items such as milk and bread. Also the various other goods, dry goods and hardware homes and farms might need. It sometimes served as a village or town meeting place where neighbors exchanged news and gossip. The concept of the general store is very old, and although some still exist, there are far fewer than there once were, due to urbanization, urban sprawl, and the relatively recent phenomenon of big-box stores.
Han Grijzenhout

Han Grijzenhout (22 December 1932 - 18 December 2020) was a Dutch football manager. He was born in Amsterdam. He managed Cercle Brugge K.S.V. from 1972 to 1977, 1982 to 1983 and 1988 to 1991. He also managed K.A.A. Gent from 1980 to 1981 and from 1984 to 1987.
Grijzenhout died on 18 December 2020 in Ghent, Belgium, aged 87.
The Black Unicorn

The Black Unicorn is a fantasy book written by Terry Brooks. It is the second book in the Magic Kingdom of Landover series. The book continues the stories of Ben Holiday, Willow, and Questor Thews. Each of them had a dream about something important to them. They each left Sterling Silver (the castle they live in) to look for what they dreamed about. The dreams led Ben Holiday to Chicago, Questor Thews to find the books of magic, and Willow to hunt for the black unicorn.
Raffles Place MRT station

Raffles Place MRT station (EW14/NS26) is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) interchange station on the North South Line and the East West Line in Downtown Core, Singapore. It is directly underneath the centre of the financial area of Raffles Place, located in the Downtown Core area, south of the Singapore River. It is one of the more prominent and busier stations within Singapore's transport system during peak hours, especially being an interchange station located within the Central Area. The station has many entrances/exits, the two main ones facing the Raffles Gardens, with the building being a miniature facade of the historic John Little building, just before the Telok Ayer and Downtown MRT Station came on board.
This station used to be the largest and deepest MRT station in Singapore, but the record was broken by Dhoby Ghaut in 2003 and then by Bras Basah in 2010, then by Promenade in 2013 which is 43 metres below ground. It is also one of the four MRT stations to appear in "Uniquely Singapore Edition" of the board game Monopoly.
The station is the only MRT station to ever participate in three terrorist exercises, which are Exercise Northstar IV on January 11, 2004, Exercise Northstar V, when it was one of four stations which participated in the exercise on January 8, 2006, as well as Exercise Northstar VII on July 7, 2009 together with Sentosa and VivoCity. At Raffles Place, most southbound trains will then terminate at Marina Bay while few others at Marina South Pier.
Chouain

Chouain is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Damon Wayans

Damon Wayans, Sr. (born September 4, 1960) is an American actor and stand-up comedian. He acts in both movies and television. He played Jimmy Dix in The Last Boy Scout. He also played Lewis Scott in Celtic Pride.
He was born in New York City.
Pragmatism

It is a type of philosophy. It says that whatever works for you is true.
The linking of practice and theory.
German Wikipedia

The German Wikipedia () is the German language edition of Wikipedia. Founded 16 March 2001, it is the second-oldest and the first non-English-language Wikipedia.
By count of articles, it is the third largest Wikipedia, after the English Wikipedia and the Swedish Wikipedia. As of , it has about articles.
Rot-Weiß Oberhausen

The SC Rot-Weiss Oberhausen is a football club which plays in Germany.
Fenugreek

Fenugreek is a plant in the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek is often used as a herb (the leaves) and spice (the seeds, also called methi).
Medicinal uses
Fenugreek said to stop the uncomfortable feeling of arthritis.
Hua Guofeng

Hua Guofeng (16 February 1921 - 20 August 2008) was a Chinese communist politician who serve as Chairman of the Communist Party of China from 7 October 1976 to 28 June 1981. He was chosen to lead by Mao Zedong.
Hua was born 16 February 1921 in Jiaocheng County, Shanxi, China. He was named Su Zhu. He died 20 August 2008 in Beijing, China.
On 6 October 1976, Hua ended the Cultural Revolution. He also had the Gang of Four arrested. In 1979 he visited leaders in Europe. He was the first Chinese leader to visit since 1949.
Windberg

Windberg is a municipality in Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria, Germany.
Chang Myun

Chang Myun(, August 28, 1899 - June 4, 1966) was 2nd, 7th Prime Minister of South Korea, 4th Vice President of South Korea. His nickname was Unsuk (, hanja:Yun Shi ).
He was a special ambassador to the Vatican 1948. In 1949, United States Ambassador to South Korea, May 1950 2nd Prime Minister of South Korea. 1956 to 1960 4th Vice President of South Korea. Seventh Prime Minister in August 1960. On 16 May 1961, he was kicked out, By Park Chung hee's coup d'etat.
Life
Chang Myon was born in Incheon in 1899. He was born to a Catholic family. After graduating high school, he was Studied depart in the United States. After returning, he worked as an educator. Dongseong High School teachers, Principal. Geseong Elementary School Principal.
August 15, 1945 Independence, he moved into politics. October 1948 was sent to UN, to represent of South Korea, after, December 1948 Special Ambassador to the Vatican, Ambassador to the United States. Prime Minister of South Korea November 23, 1950 to April 23, 1952.
Republic of Karelia

The Republic of Karelia, or Karelia, is a republic of Russia in Northern Europe. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and with area of , bordering Finland. Republic of Karelia have around 650 thousand residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.
Kinorhyncha

Kinorhyncha is a phylum of small (1 mm or less) marine invertebrates. They are widespread in mud or sand at all depths of the sea. They are sometimes called mud dragons. About 222 species are known. Kinorhynchs eat either diatoms or organic material found in the mud, depending on species.
Anatomy
Kinorhynchans are segmented, limbless animals. Their body has a head, neck, and a trunk. The trunk has eleven segments. They do not have external cilia, but have a number of spines along the body, and up to seven circles of spines around the head. These spines are used for movement. They can pull back the head and push forward; then they can grip the substrate with the spines, and draw up the body.
The body wall is a thin layer with a tough cuticle. It is moulted several times during growth. This layer is a syncytium, with nuclei, but no cell membranes.
The spines are hollow and covered by cuticle. The head is completely retractable, when is covered by a set of neck plates.
The nervous system is a ventral nerve cord, with one ganglion in each segment, and an anterior nerve ring surrounding the pharynx. This is the common arrangement for invertebrates. Some species have simple ocelli (eye-spots) on the head, and all species have tiny bristles on the body as touch receptors.
Reproduction
There are two sexes that look alike. A pair of gonads are in the mid-region of the trunk, and open to pores in the final segment. In most species, the sperm duct has two or three spiny structures that presumably help in copulation. The larvae are free-living.
Classification
Their closest relatives may be the phyla Loricifera and Priapulida. Together they are the Scalidophora.
Canby, Oregon

Canby is a city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 15,829 at the 2010 census.
Lance Ito

Lance Allan Ito (born August 2, 1950) is a retired American judge. He is best known for presiding over the criminal trial for the O. J. Simpson murder case, held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in 1995. He was born in Los Angeles.
Jan de Laval

Jan Patrik de Laval (28 March 1948 -- 19 December 2019) was a Swedish actor. He was born in Vastrum, Sweden. He was known for his roles in Skilda varldar and Rederiet.
Laval died on 19 December 2019 in Stockholm at the age of 71.
AC adapter

An AC adapter (hereafter called adapter) is a type of external power supply. It is often in a small case similar to the end of an electrical extension cord that plugs into an electrical wall outlet. Charger and power adapter are more common names.
Adapters are used with electrical devices that need the voltage and power changed from the power available at the wall outlet. They are used to power electronic devices with or without batteries. By 2022, they frequently could both power a device and charge its battery at the same time through the same connection point. Some adapters with a limited voltage and cycle range can only be used in one country, but many newer ones can be used in most countries. Using devices that require adapters increases safety since the wall outlet power is transformed to a lower safer voltage. Many adapters connect to the device by a small electrical cord with a USB-C connector at the adapter end and a connector that matches the device at the other.
Richard LeParmentier

Richard LeParmentier (July 16, 1946 - April 15, 2013) was an American-British actor and scriptwriter who is best known for his role as Admiral Motti in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) and as police officer Lt. Santino in Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988).
LeParmentier was born on July 16, 1946 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to British-Irish parents. He studied at Wayne University.
LeParmentier was married to Sarah Douglas from 1981 until they divorced in 1984. LeParmentier died on April 15, 2013 from a heart attack in Austin, Texas, aged 66.
Tuscarawas County, Ohio

Tuscarawas County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 92,582. The county seat is New Philadelphia.
Bixby, Oklahoma

Bixby is a city in Tulsa and Wagoner counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and is a suburb of Tulsa.
Kanazawa

is a Japanese city in Ishikawa Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of the prefecture.
It has been recognized as a core city since 1996.
History
During the Edo period, Kanazawa was the center of the Maeda clan.
Kanazawa has a big Japanese garden called Kenroku-en. Kenroku-en was made as a garden of the Kanazawa castle at the Edo period. It is regarded as one of the most famous gardens in Japan.
Geography
Kanazawa is on the western coast of Honshu. It faces the Sea of Japan.
Legnago

Legnago is an Italian city in Veneto. About 25,000 people lived there and is on the Adige river.
Lou Adler

Lou Adler (born December 13, 1933) is a Grammy Award-winning American record producer, music executive, talent manager, songwriter, movie director, and movie producer. He produced the works of Carole King, The Mamas & the Papas and The Grass Roots. Adler was an executive producer of The Rocky Horror Picture Show, the longest-running theatrical movie in history. He also discovered and produced comedy albums and movies for Cheech Marin and Tommy Chong.
Dickie Moore (actor)

John Richard "Dickie" Moore, Jr. (September 12, 1925 - September 10, 2015) was a former American child actor. He was known for his roles in Oliver Twist, Blonde Venus, and in Miss Annie Rooney.
Moore was born on September 12, 1925 in Los Angeles, California.
Rick Renteria

Richard Avina Renteria (born December 25, 1961) is an American former Major League Baseball infielder. He is the manager of the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). He was born in Harbor City, California.
Renteria played in parts of five seasons between 1986 and 1994 with the Pittsburgh Pirates, Seattle Mariners, and Florida Marlins. He then coached and managed in the Marlins organization until 2001, and in the San Diego Padres organization until 2013.
Renteria was the manager of the Chicago Cubs in 2014. Renteria was also the bench coach for the Chicago White Sox in 2016.
Brumadinho dam disaster

The Brumadinho dam disaster occurred on 25 January 2019 when a tailings dam at an iron ore mine in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil suffered a collapsed and exploded.
The dam was owned by Vale, the same company which was involved in the 2015 Bento Rodrigues dam disaster.
The dam released a mudflow that advanced over houses in a rural area near the city. At least 110 people died as a result of the collapse.
President Jair Bolsonaro, sent three ministers to follow the rescue efforts.
Death by burning

Death by burning (also known as immolation) is an execution method involving combustion or touching to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of capital punishment, and many societies have used it as punishment for crimes such as treason, heresy and witchcraft. The best known execution of this type is burning at the stake where the condemned is tied to a big wooden stake and a fire lit under them.
Mary Kay Place

Mary Kay Place (born September 23, 1947) is an American actress, director, and screenwriter. She acted in the sitcom Grey's Anatomy. She also acted in The West Wing.
Place was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Zatanna

Zatanna Zatara is a superheroine. She appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson. She first appeared in Hawkman #4 (November 1964).
InStyle

InStyle is a monthly women's magazine, published by Time Inc., which is about the private side of celebrities. It started in 1995. It has a circulation of about 1.7 million.
Wängi

Wangi is a municipality of the district of Munchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Harnizo

Harnizo (har-NEE-so) is a Spanish term for a person who is around 2/3 Caucasian and 1/3 Indigenous ancestry.
Harnizos are mostly found in Northern and Western Mexico, Costa Rica, Chile, Brazil as well as Mexican American population in the Southwestern United States.
Harnizos usually have more Caucasian traits, but with obvious Native American traits, Harnizos usually have a mixed pigmentation, much like Mestizos, but with more Caucasian traits, Harnizos can be confused for Mestizos sometimes.
Famous Harnizos include Jay Hernandez, Felipe Calderon, and Hugo Sanchez, it's unknown whether they are genetically Harnizo, but based on their phenotype, they appear to be.
Rodelinghem

Rodelinghem is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
White's illusion

White's illusion is a brightness illusion. Here, some stripes of a black and white grating are replaced by gray rectangles (see Fig). All gray bars usually have same color and opacity. The brightness of the gray pieces appear to shift toward the brightness of the top and bottom bordering stripes, that is, the gray bars with horizontal black regions on their top and bottom appear darker and those with white regions on their top and bottom appear lighter. But this does not match with what lateral inhibition predicts. This illusion is mostly described for grayscale. A similar illusion occurs for colored patches. This is known as Munker-White's illusion or Munker's illusion.
Lateral inhibition result for White's effect
The amount of each bipolar cell response depends on the amount of the stimulation it receives from the receptor. Neighboring cells decrease this response. This is called lateral inhibition.
Lateral inhibition cannot explain White's illusion. In Figure 2.1 lateral inhibition sent by black cells A and C should make cell O lighter; in Figure 2.2 lateral inhibition sent by white cells A and C should make cell O darker.
Rules suggested to describe optical illusions such as simultaneous brightness contrast illusion, such as Wallach's ratio rule cannot explain White's illusion. These rules suggest that cell O in figure 2.1 receives less inhibition that cell O in figure 2.2. So, the cell O in figure 2.1 should be lighter than cell O in the other figure. However, the opposite case happens.
White and White (1985) concluded that at a higher spatial frequency the grating of White's illusion could be described by brightness assimilation. They also concluded that at lower spatial frequencies White's illusion is still present.
Belongingness
The belongingness theory has been given as an explanation of White's illusion. Belongingness means that we perceive things depending on its surroundings. According to belongingness theory, the lightness of rectangle A is influenced by the white bars that surround it. Similarly, the rectangle B on the right side is surrounded by the dark bars. So, the lightness of rectangle B is affected by the dark background. As a result, area A which rests on the white background appears darker than area B which rests on the dark background.
Not all scientists accept the belongingness theory. They say that when talking about the background, it is the same as lateral inhibition.
1919 Netherlands women's fencing championship

The 1919 Netherlands women's fencing championship was the first official women's foil fencing championship in the Netherlands. It was organized by the Dutch fencing federation. It was held at Salle Van Humbeek in Amsterdam on 25 March 2019. Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo became the first official champion without losing a match. C. Crena de Jongh finished second and Ina Santhagens-Waller finished third.
Background
The championship was one of the earliest women's official national sport championship in the Netherlands. For instance, the first Netherlands women's athletics championships were held in 1921.
In 1911 women fencers of Salle De Vos competed internationally at the 1911 England-Holland women's fencing competitions. A first Dutch national competition was held between fencers of Breda against The Hague at the 1913 Breda-The Hague women's fencing competition. Before the excistance of the national fencing federation the organization of fencing competitions by the fencing houses. Salle Giandomenici organised even an international fencing competition in 1914. Untill 1919 unofficial national championships were held, but which were more like mutual competitions. In 1919, the Dutch fencing federation had taken the lead to organize an annual official women's national fancing championship.
Entrants
Of the entrants, ten participated at this championship. The number of participants was low compared to the previous unofficial national championships when there were nineteen participants. The participants were from Salle De Vos from The Hague and Salle Giandomenici from Amsterdam. The only entrant from Salle Humbeek, M. J. J. van Heukelom, withdrawn.
Many of the participants were known fencer of that era like: Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo, Ina Santhagens-Waller and Julia Beelaerts van Blokland. A newcomer was a very young fencer, the 16 years old A. C. Fruin from Rotterdam.
The name in italic entered for the competition, but didn't compete.
Results
The fencers competed in one group in the competition format, meaning each fencer competed once against every other fencer. So each fencer competed against each of the other nine fencers.
Several women with fencing experience disappointed. Julia Beelaerts van Blokland is mentioned in particular who disappointed. While already fenced for years, no progress was visible according to De Telegraaf. She lost against the Fruin with 3-1. Despite the young age of Fruin, it was described she fenced very "creditably". The match with the best fencing quality was the match of Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo against Ina Santhagens-Waller. Bekkers won the match in a "beautiful" way with 3-0.
Like the year before, Bekkers won the championship. She won all her nine matches. C. Crena de Jongh finished second. Santhagens-Waller, who finished second the previous year, had after all matches the same score as Fruin. A decisive match took place. It was won by Santhagens-Waller with 3-1 and so finished third with Fruin ending in fourth place.
Thai National Anthem

The national anthem of Thailand (, ) is a national song representing Thailand, created in 1932. Composed in the same year by Phra Chenduriyang, it originally had no lyrics (words). Later that year, words by Khun Wichitmatra were adopted; two years later, the lyrics were changed by Chan Khamvilai. Then in 1939, when the country's name was changed from "Siam" to "Thailand", the lyrics written by Luang Saranupraphan were made official after winning a competition, and this has since remained the national anthem today.
Thailand also has a royal anthem called Sansoen Phra Barami (srresriyphrabaarmii).
Lyrics
1934-39
1932-34
Trivia
Endorsed by law, people are expected to stand up to show their respect whenever the national anthem is played in public.
Meral Kureyshi

Meral Kureyshi (born 26 March 1983 in Prizren) is a Swiss writer.
Life
Meral Kureyshi was born in Prizren, Yugoslavia in 1983. Her family came from the Turkish-speaking minority in Kosovo. She has lived in Bern since 1992. She studied at the Swiss Literature Institute in Biel.
In 2015, her first novel, Elephants in the Garden, was published. She was shortlisted for the Swiss Book Prize. She won the 2016 Literature Prize of the Canton of Bern. She read at the 2020 Bachmann Prize, at the invitation of Martin Wiederstein.
Lisburn

Lisburn (; ) is a city in Northern Ireland. It is southwest of Belfast city centre. It had a population of 45,370 people in the 2011 Census.
Leominster, Massachusetts

Leominster is a city in Worcester County, Massachusetts in the United States. It is the second-largest city in Worcester County.
Vita Liberte

Vita Liberte is a Latvian lawyer and co-owner of BDO Latvia.
Career
In 2020, she started the "BDO Young Artists Award" to recognize talented young artists in Latvia.
With over 20 years of experience, Vita has advised Latvian businesses on various complex issues in different industries such as manufacturing, distribution, technology, finance, healthcare, and real estate.
She often speaks at local and international conferences, sharing insights on current legislative matters. Vita is also the founder of the Latvian Public and Private Partnership Association (PPPA).
In her free time, she supports the arts and cultural initiatives, and she is known for her leadership roles in community, charity, and professional organizations. Vita's contributions have made her a well-regarded figure in Latvia.
Howard Donald

Howard Donald (born 28 April 1968) is an English singer and songwriter. He is a member of the Manchester-based pop band Take That.
Bill Lee

Bill Lee (born October 9, 1959) is an American businessman and politician. He is the 50th and current Governor of Tennessee.
He was the Republican nominee for Governor of Tennessee in the 2018 election.
Lee was the 7th Congressional District's representative to the Tennessee Higher Education Commission. Lee had no active political positions while running for governor and was a cattle rancher.
Floyd County, Georgia

Floyd County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 98,584 people lived there. The county seat is Rome.
Tongatapu 8

Tongatapu 8 is a constituency of Tonga. It is in the island of Tongatapu. It was created in 2010.
House of Representatives of the Philippines

The House of Representatives of the Philippines (), is the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines. It is often commonly referred to as Congress. Members of the House are officially styled as representative (Kinatawan) and sometimes informally called Congressmen/Congresswomen (mga kongresista) and are elected to a three-year term. They can be re-elected, but cannot serve more than three consecutive terms.
Around eighty percent of congressmen are district representatives, representing a particular geographical area. There are 234 legislative districts in the country.
The House of Representatives is headed by the Speaker, currently Alan Peter Cayetano.
Peter Rabbit

Peter Rabbit is a fictional animal character in many children's stories by Beatrix Potter. Peter was different from the traditional hero of that time. He is small, emotional, easily scared, and a not very wise animal. He first came out in The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902. After that, he came out in five more books between 1904 and 1912. Potter made a soft doll shaped like Peter Rabbit, and soon dishes and wallpaper showed pictures of him. He appears as a character in the 1971 ballet movie, The Tales of Beatrix Potter and in the BBC series The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends. He was inspired by Potter's pet rabbit, Peter Piper. In stories, he wears human clothes and walks standing up. His mother is Mrs. Josephine Rabbit, and he has three sisters, Flopsy, Mopsy, and Cotton-tail. His popularity made Potter say in 1917, "All rabbits are called Peter now" - but she added "either Peter or Brer Rabbit."
In 2018, a live-action animated movie was released with James Corden voicing Peter Rabbit.
Radio edit

A clean version (also called "radio edit") is a song that has its profanity taken away so it can be played on radio stations. Some songs that do not have profanity but are called "radio edit" can mean that their length have been shorten or have some of its lyrical content removed for legal purposes.
G (musical note)

G, So or Sol is a musical note which is the first note of the G major scale.
Merrionette Park, Illinois

Merrionette Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,900 as of the 2010 census.
Merrionette Park is located at (41.684, -87.701).
Jun Kazama

Jun Kazama is a video game fictional character made for the Tekken series.
About
Jun Kazama enters the tournament in order to save Kazuya Mishima and stop his crimes. However, she became pregnant by him and had a son, Jin Kazama.
She also appears in the Tekken movie (2009).. Where she was portrayed by Tamlyn Tomita.
Life
Tekken 2
Jun is an officer of the WWWC, a wildlife protection organization. She is called "The Chosen One" by her family. She is psychic and feels a weird power in Kazuya Mishima, which is the Devil Gene turning him into a devil version of himself. At the WWWC's orders, she goes out to put Kazuya into jail, who kills peaceful animals.
When the King of Iron Fist Tournament 2 was about to end, Jun feels an even more powerful Devil Gene inside Kazuya.
Tekken 3
During the King of Iron Fist Tournament 2, Jun became pregnant by Kazuya. Devil (the devil version of Kazuya/the Devil Gene inside Kazuya) goes into Jin (Jun's unborn baby). One night, Jun gets attacked by Ogre and now is either missing or possibly dead.
Tekken Tag Tournament
Jun is a playable character in Tekken Tag Tournament.
Tekken Tag Tournament has nothing to do with the Tekken storyline.
Tekken 4
In Tekken 4, her figure appeared in the ending of Jin to prevent him from killing his grandfather, Heihachi. Whether it was her soul or Jin's vision is still questionable, since her status is labeled as missing.
Tekken 5
In the optional Devil Within minigame, Jin finds clues that lead him to believe that Jun is alive, but it turns out to be Ogre, the alien opponent that is responsible for Jun's disappearance.
Hop Exchange

The Hop Exchange is a Grade II listed building at No. 24 Southwark Street, London SE1. It is in the Bankside area of the London Borough of Southwark. It opened in 1867 and was designed by R.H. Moore. It served as the centre for hop trading for the brewing industry.
Phil Ochs

Philip David Ochs (; December 19, 1940 - April 9, 1976) was an American songwriter and protest singer. He wrote songs during the Free Speech movement in Berkeley, California and during many political events during the 1960s counterculture era such as the Civil rights movement and protests against the Vietnam War.
Ochs hung himself at an apartment building on April 9, 1976 in New York City, aged 35.
Pińczów

Pinczow is a town in Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship in Poland. In 2013, 11,303 people lived there.
Vandervoort, Arkansas

Vandervoort is a town of Polk County in the state of Arkansas in the United States.
Chito Soganub

Fr. Teresito "Chito" Suganob (1960/1961 - July 22, 2020) was a Filipino Roman Catholic priest.
He became well known after he was taken hostage by ISIL-linked Maute group militants during the earlier period of the Battle of Marawi in May 2017. Suganob along with a Dansalan College teacher who was also taken hostage escaped early morning of September 17, 2017 from their captors and were found by the military who rescued them near the Bato Ali mosque.
Suganob was from Lambunao, Iloilo.
Suganob died from cardiac arrest on July 22, 2020 at the age of 59.
Abacab

Abacab is the eleventh studio album by Genesis. The album was released on September 24, 1981 through Atlantic Records.
Track listing
All music written by Tony Banks, Phil Collins, and Mike Rutherford, except where noted. All songs arranged and performed by Genesis. Lyricists specified below.
December 2010 North American blizzard

The December 2010 North American blizzard was a historic blizzard that hit the northeaster part of North America in late December 2010. The blizzard produced heavy snow and strong winds. Over of snow on parts of New York City. An area south of Elizabeth City, New Jersey had the most snow fall. It had of snow. Elizabeth City itself got of snow.
History
The storm that caused the snowfall started as drizzle in California. It grew into a rainstorm. As it moved northeast, it turned into a blizzard. On 26 December 2010, the blizzard reached New York City. The blizzard caused a large amount of snow and strong winds. It also caused thundersnow, where thunder and lightning happen while snow is falling. It moved away from the city on December 27th. On December 28th, the blizzard moved out over the Atlantic Ocean.
Impacts
New Jersey
New Jersey got a large amount of snow. There was also rain in the area of Cape May. Elizabeth City got of snow. An area south of Elizabeth City had the most snow fall. It had of snow. The blizzard produced heavy snow and strong winds there. That was a historic blizzard for the area.
New York
New York City received a large amount of snow and had high winds. About of snow fell on the city. Places east of the city, for example eastern Long Island, saw some rain from the storm. The blizzard did not affect far north of New York City. Albany got less than of snow from the blizzard.
Connecticut
Connecticut did have snowfall, but it was not an unusual amount for that state. Between from of snow fell in Connecticut. Hartford had only of snow. New Haven, the closest area in Connecticut to New York City, saw about of snow.
Massachusetts
Massachusetts saw between of snow. This is not an unusual amount for the area.
First It Giveth

"First It Giveth" is a song by Queens of the Stone Age. Queens of the Stone Age is an American rock band. The song was on the band's third studio album, Songs for the Deaf. The song was released as a single on August 18, 2003. It went to number 33 on the UK Singles Chart.
The song is about how drugs affect making music. In an interview, Josh Homme said that drugs can help inspire music, but can also make you stop having any ideas. "The Lord giveth, and the Lord taketh away" is a quote from the Bible. This quote inspired the name of the song.
The music video for "First It Giveth" shows the band playing music at a concert in 2002. It also shows Nick Oliveri playing the bass guitar while naked.
Track listing
The song was released as a single in the United Kingdom.
Rick Perry 2016 presidential campaign

The 2016 presidential campaign of Rick Perry, the 47th Governor of Texas, was officially launched on June 4, 2015. This campaign constitutes Perry's second consecutive bid for the Republican nomination for President of the United States. Perry announced on September 11, 2015 that he had suspended his campaign.
Muhammad Hassan

Mark Copani (born November 7, 1981 in Syracuse, New York) is a retired American professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under the ring name, Muhammad Hassan.
His gimmick was about a Middle Eastern-American wrestler that wanted acceptance from the stereotypes created by the 9/11 attacks. His gimmick got attention from the New York Post, TV Guide, Variety and other news sources because he was supposed to face The Undertaker in a match The Great American Bash and Teddy Long put Hassan's manager, Daivari in a match with The Undertaker on the earlier version of SmackDown.
After Daivari was defeated, Hassan began to pray on the entrance ramp and five masked men came out that were dressed in black shirts, ski-masks, and camo pants. They were armed with clubs and a piano wire and they beat and choked the Undertaker out, and Hassan put him in the Camel Clutch.
Three days later before the episode aired, the London bombings took place and UPN didn't have enough time to edit the segment out of the episode and they showed the unedited version in the United States and Canada but was removed from airing in Australia and Europe.
UPN urged the WWE to remove Hassan's character from television which they succeeded in when Copani was released from his WWE contract on September 21, 2005.
Schindler Group

The Schindler Group is a Swiss company that makes escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide. It was founded in Switzerland in 1874.
The company is seen in more than 140 countries and hires more than 58,000 persons worldwide.
The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States.
Opposing Viewpoints series

Opposing Viewpoints is a series of books on current events. It tries to explore the many different opinions of each event in the style of a debate. The series tries to encourage critical thinking and public awareness by providing opposing views on issues that have been debated.
Eloisa Cianni

Eloisa Cianni, born Eloisa Aloisa Stukin Cianni (Rome, 21 June 1932), is a former Italian actress elected Miss Italy 1952 and Miss Europa 1953.
Biography
After being elected Miss Italy in 1952 in Merano, and Miss Europe in 1953 in Istanbul, she got a part in the film "Villa Borghese" directed by Gianni Franciolini, imposing herself for her beauty.
Linked by friendship with the stylist Vincenzo Ferdinandi, she posed for him on the catwalk and in photo shoots.
In the next ten years she continued to work in the cinema and as model until she gave up his film career when she was not yet thirty.
Adolfo Samuel Acosta Rodríguez

Adolfo Samuel Acosta Rodriguez (born May 19, 1981 in Las Palmas, Canary Islands) is a 5-per-team football player from Spain. He has a disability: he is blind and is a B1 type sportperson. He played 5-per-team football at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. His team finished third after they played Greece and, won 2-0. He played 5-per-team football at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. His team finished third after they played Argentina and, won 1-0.
He was a member of the national team in 2013 and competed in the European Championships.
Electron affinity

Electron affinity is a phrase used in chemistry. When an atom that is neutral gets an electron, the energy that is changed in the atom is the electron affinity. Across a period, the electron affinity increases.
Positronium

Positronium is an onium, a type of exotic atom that is made of a particle and its antiparticle. In Positronium, one positron and one electron are bonded together. The positron replaces a proton that would normally be present in a Hydrogen atom. They both stay in the same orbital. The atom is unstable, and a few nanoseconds after it is created, the positron and the electron collide, destroying the Positronium and forming two gamma rays.
Positronium molecules
Positronium can form molecules, like normal atoms. It can bond with both other exotic atoms and normal atoms.
Di-positronium
Di-positronium is a simple molecule made from two positronium atoms bonded together. It was predicted in 1946 by John Archibald Wheeler, but was discovered in 2007 by David Cassidy and Allen Mills, when they fired positrons at molecules of silicon dioxide.
Positronium hydride
Positronium hydride, also called hydrogen positride, is an exotic molecule made of an atom of hydrogen bonded to a positronium atom. It was predicted in 1951 by A Ore, but was not discovered until 1990 by R. Pareja and R. Gonzalez, who discovered it when they trapped positronium in hydrogen-magnesia crystals.
Batangas City

, officially the (), is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people.
Armageddon (1999)

Armageddon (1999) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation. It was held on December 12, 1999 at National Car Rental Center in Sunrise, Florida. It was the first Armageddon event held by the WWF.
The main event saw Triple H defeat Vince McMahon in a No Holds Barred match. Triple H won the match by pinning Vince after he hit McMahon with a sledgehammer, when Vince's daughter and Triple H's (kayfabe, at that time) wife Stephanie McMahon had turned on Vince by giving the sledgehammer to Triple H.
Don't Tell Me No

"Don't Tell Me No" is a song by the American new wave band The Cars. The song, written by Ric Ocasek, appeared on the band's third studio album, Panorama.
Release and reception
"Don't Tell Me No" was first released on the Panorama album in August 1980, but in November of that same year, the song was released as the follow-up single to "Touch and Go" which had a marginal success in America. Unlike its predecessor, however, it did not chart at all. The single was not released in any other countries besides the United States.
AllMusic reviewer Greg Prato noted the track as a highlight from the Panorama album and went on to call it "strong, just not as well known as some of the other material[.]"
B-side
The B-side of the song "Don't Go To Pieces" features Benjamin Orr on lead vocals. "Don't Go To Pieces" later saw release as the B-side to "Gimme Some Slack," the follow-up single to "Don't Tell Me No."
Legal gender

Legal gender is a word that is used to regard someone as male or female under the law. They consider sex and gender to determine legal gender of someone. If someone's legal gender is different from their feeling, they face problems in their life. Some countries allow their people to say that they are neither male, nor female.
John Schroeder (golfer)

John Lawrence Schroeder (born November 12, 1945) is an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour and Champions Tour.
Schroeder was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, the son of tennis great Ted Schroeder. He studied at the University of Michigan and was a member of the golf team, an All-American in 1968. He turned pro in 1969.
Melbourne Cricket Ground

The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) is a cricket and Australian Rules Football stadium in Melbourne, Australia. It has a capacity of 100,000. It was used as the main stadium for the 1956 Summer Olympics.
The Melbourne Cricket Club started to use the area for cricket in 1853. Their old ground, now Southbank, was often flooded by the Yarra River, and was also in the way of a new railway line. In 1859, the first game of Australian Rules Football was played at the ground.
The MCG is run by a trust. The first chairman of the trust was the first Premier of Victoria, William Haines.
Balliol College, Oxford

Balliol College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It was founded in 1263 by John Balliol, father of King John Balliol of Scotland.
Usually, the undergraduate students are among the most politically active students in the university. The college's alumni include Boris Johnson, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and several former prime ministers. Adam Smith, a graduate student of the college, is one of its best known students. In 2006, 45.1% of finalists got First Class Honours degrees. This is a higher percentage than any other Oxford college has ever had. The college was placed second in the Norrington Table.
Wells Gray-Clearwater Volcanic Field

The Wells Gray-Clearwater Volcanic Field is a volcanic field in east-central British Columbia, Canada.
1900 United States presidential election

The 1900 United States presidential election was the 29th election in the history of the United States. It happened on November 6, 1900. William McKinley, the incumbent president, won reelection.
This election was a rematch of 1896 being held between incumbent President William McKinley of Ohio and former Congressman William Jennings Bryan of Nebraska. McKinley won the election with 292 electoral votes, while Bryan got only 155 electoral votes.
John Pierik

Johannes Gerhardus Maria "John" Pierik (9 August 1950 - 14 January 2018) was a Dutch shooter. He competed in the mixed skeet event at the 1980 and 1984 Olympics and finished in eleventh and fourth place, respectively.
Pierik died on 14 January 2018 at the age of 68.
Méréaucourt

Mereaucourt is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.