kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Dandy

A dandy (also known as a beau or gallant) is a man who dresses elegantly and fashionably, but that was not necessarily of aristocratic origin. He exaggerates his manners, including the way he stands and moves, and the way he speaks. He promotes himself. This is called dandyism. The word 'Dandy' was originally a version of 'Andrew'. The female equivalent is a dandizette.
The word dandy first came out in the Scottish verse of about 1780:
I've heard my granny crack
O' sixty twa years back
When there were sic a stock of Dandies O.
Dandies in the 18th and 19th centuries in the United States and Great Britain were often men from middle-class backgrounds who were trying to become people from high society.
The model, or archetype, of a dandy was Beau Brummell from the Regency period of George IVth. He was a friend of the then Prince of Wales. Lord Byron is also an example. The writer Oscar Wilde is another, later example. Less extreme versions were the American artist who lived in London, James McNeill Whistler, and the French composer Maurice Ravel. The Scarlet Pimpernel is a famous example from literature.
Today, in the 21st century, the word dandy is often used as a joke word to mean "fine" or "great".
List of constituencies of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands

There are 50 constituencies of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands. They each elect one member each.
Win–loss record (pitching)

In baseball, a win-loss record shows the number of games that a pitcher has won and the number of games he has lost. In each game, one pitcher on the winning team is awarded a win (the "winning pitcher") and one pitcher on the losing team is given a loss (the "losing pitcher"). These pitchers are known as the pitchers of record. The awarding of a win or a loss for a pitcher is known as a decision, and only one pitcher for each team receives a decision in each game. A starting pitcher who does not receive credit for a win or loss is said to have no decision. In certain situations, another pitcher on the winning team who pitched in relief of the winning pitcher can be credited with a save, and holds can be awarded to relief pitchers on both sides, but these are never awarded to the same pitcher who is awarded the win.
Not in Front of the Children (TV series)

Not in Front of the Children is a British comedy series starring Wendy Craig. It was first aired on British TV in August, 1967. The last of the 39 episodes produced was transmitted on the 9th January, 1970. The programme was broadcast over four series or seasons. Wendy Craig went on to reprise her role as a middle class, scatty housewife in ...And Mother Makes Three and its follow up series ...And Mother Makes Five.
Story
Craig plays a scatter-brain housewife, Jennifer Corner. She is married to Henry who is a school art teacher. They have three children, a boy in his early teens, played by Hugo Keith Johnston, and two girls who are younger than the boy, played by Roberta Tovey later replaced by Verina Greenlaw and Jill Roddick. Henry was initially played by Paul Daneman (in the Comedy Playhouse pilot and the first series or season). He was replaced in subsequent episodes by Ronald Hines. Jennifer's best friend, Mary, is played by Charlotte Mitchell.
Only eight episodes survive.
Colle di Val d'Elsa

Colle di Val d'Elsa or Colle Val d'Elsa is a town and comune in Tuscany, Italy, in the province of Siena. It has a population of c. 20,000 inhabitants (2005). Its name in Italian means "Hill of Elsa Valley", where "Elsa" is the name of the river which crosses it. Today, Colle di Val d'Elsa is internationally renowned for the production of crystal glassware and art, largely produced in the industrial lower town.
History
The area was settled by man from at least the 4th millennium BC,. In 1269 it was the seat of a famous battle during the wars of Guelphs and Ghibellines and in 1479 it was attacked by Neapolitan soldiers. From the 14th century it was under the control of the city of Florence and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany until the unification of Italy in 1860. In the 20th century it became an important industrial town. During World War II it was bombed by Allied aircraft. The oldest part of the town is the "colle alta", the higher part, with a well preserved medieval center. The city is also famous as the birthplace of sculptor and architect Arnolfo di Cambio.
Cody Eakin

Cody Eakin (born May 24, 1991) is a Canadian ice hockey centre. He plays in the National Hockey League (NHL). He has played for the Buffalo Sabres, Winnipeg Jets, Washington Capitals, Dallas Stars, and Vegas Golden Knights.
Career
Before playing in the NHL, Eakin played parts of 4 seasons with the Swift Current Broncos of the Western Hockey League (WHL).
He was drafted 85th overall by the Washington Capitals in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft. He signed a three-year entry level contract with the Capitals on October 20, 2009.
On November 1, 2011, Eakin was called up from the Hershey Bears. The same day, Eakin made his NHL debut in a 5-4 overtime win against the Anaheim Ducks. On November 4, 2011, Eakin scored his first NHL goal against Cam Ward of the Carolina Hurricanes.
On June 22, 2012, the Capitals traded Eakin along with a second round pick to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Mike Ribeiro.
The Girls (1961 movie)

The Girls () is a 1961 Soviet comedy-drama movie directed by Yuri Chulyukin. It stars Nadezhda Rumyantseva, Nikolai Rybnikov, and Lyusyena Ovchinnikova.
Fred Hale

Frederick "Fred" Harold Hale (December 1, 1890 - November 19, 2004) was an American supercentenarian, beekeeper and railway post officer, and at the time of his death the oldest living man.
Biography
Both of his parents lived to age 91 and his youngest son, Fred Hale Sr, to age 97. He married Flora Mooers, who died in 1979, in 1910, and had two daughters, Muriel (1910-1970) and Carrie (1913-1992) and three sons, Robert (1916-1918) who died in the Spanish flu, Norman (born 1920) and Fred (born 1921). At the time of his death, Hale also had nine grandchildren, nine great-grandchildren and eleven great-great-grandchildren.
At age 95, Hale surfed for the first time in his life in Hawaii during a stop there on the journey back from Japan where he visited his grandson.
At age 100, he traveled to Europe along with his son Norman and his daughter-in-law, to visit Norman's location of military service during World War II.
At age 108, Hale was recognized by Guinness World Records as the oldest person ever with a driving license, and he believed "bee pollen and honey every day, along with the occasional nip of whiskey" as the secret to a long life.
He became the oldest living American man and the third oldest living man in the world (behind Japaneseman Yukichi Chuganji and Joan Riudavets) on February 24, 2003 when 113-year-old John McMorran died of heart failure and over a year later, on March 5, 2004, after 114-year-old Spaniard Joan Riudavets' death, also the oldest man in the world as well as the last living man born before the tenth and last decade of the 19th century (1891-1900).
Hale died of pneumonia on November 19, 2004, just twelve days before his 114th birthday and before his son Norman (who died at age 84 on December 30, 2004).
Nikolaus Harnoncourt

Nikolaus Harnoncourt (born Berlin, 6 December 1929, died St. Georgen im Attergau, 5 March 2016) was an Austrian conductor. He was famous for his conducting music from many years ago using orchestras with period instruments.
Life
Harnoncourt was born in Berlin into a noble family who were related to the Holy Roman Emperors and other European royalties. His full name was Johann Nicolaus Graf de la Fontaine und d'Harnoncourt-Unverzag. He was brought up in Graz, Austria and studied music in Vienna.
From 1952 to 1969 he was a cellist with the Vienna Symphony Orchestra. He soon became interested in performing old music with period instruments. He started a group called Concentus Musicus Wien. They tried to make the music of composers from the Baroque period sound like it had done when it was written. Harnoncourt played the viola da gamba as well as the cello. In 1970 he conducted Monteverdi's opera Ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria at La Scala, Milan.
In 1971, Harnoncourt started to work with the conductor Gustav Leonhardt. They recorded all of J.S. Bach's cantatas. This project took until 1990 to finish. He also recorded Bach's St. Matthew Passion. He performed with many other orchestras, including the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra. Often they were orchestras who used modern instruments, but he tried to make them play with an understanding of a historical style (bowing, phrasing etc). Like other musicians working with historical instruments, he gradually realized that music from later periods such as the Classical music period and even the Romantic period used to sound different from what we usually hear today. He recorded the symphonies and concertos of Beethoven. He received many awards for these recordings.
Harnoncourt was married to Alice until his death. The couple had a daughter, Elisabeth von Magnus, and three sons: Philipp, Franz and Eberhard (who died in 1990). Harnoncourt retired in December 2015 because of an illness. Harnoncourt died on 5 March 2016 from the illness. He was aged 86.
Recordings
Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Frans Bruggen, Leopold Stastny, Herbert Tachezi. Johann Sebastian Bach: Gamba Sonatas -- Trio Sonata in G major. Viola da gamba: Jacobus Stainer; Cello: Andrea Castagneri; Flute: A.Grenser; Harpsichord: a copy after Italian builders by Martin Skowroneck. Label: Telefunken.
Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Gustav Leonhardt, Leonhardt-Consort (Orchestra), Concentus musicus Wien (Orchestra), Alan Curtis, Anneke Ulttenbosch, Herbert Tachezi. Johann Sebastian Bach: Harpsichord Concertos BWV 1052, 1057, 1064. Violin, continuo, harpsichord. Label: Teldec
Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Chamber Orchestra of Europe. Franz Schubert. Symphonies. Label: Ica Classics.
Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Rudolf Buchbinder (fortepiano). Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Piano concertos No. 23&25. Played on a Walter fortepiano replica by Paul McNulty. Label: Sony.
Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Chamber Orchestra of Europe, Pierre-Laurent Aimard (piano). Ludwig van Beethoven. Piano Concertos Nos. 1-5. Played on a modern piano. Label: Teldec Classics.
Yomiuri Shimbun

is a major newspaper in Japan.
1870s establishments in Japan
1874 establishments
Newspapers in Asia
Waterland

Waterland is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 17,315 people lived there.
National monument

A national monument is a monument constructed in order to commemorate something of importance to national heritage. The term may also refer to a specific monument status, such as a national heritage site, by reason of their cultural importance rather than age respectively.
National monument status is usually granted to colossal symbols of national identity.
Pat Quinn (politician)

Patrick Joseph "Pat" Quinn III (born December 16, 1948), is an American politician. He was the Governor of Illinois from 2009 to 2015. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was Lieutenant Governor of Illinois from 2003 to 2009. He lost re-election in 2014 to Bruce Rauner.
Early life
Quinn was born on December 16, 1948 in Hinsdale, Illinois. He is of Irish descent. He studied at Georgetown University and at Northwestern University.
Career
He became Governor on January 29, 2009 when Rod Blagojevich, the state's earlier Governor, was impeached and thrown out of office. He praised the Illinois General Assembly for Blagojevich's impeachment.
He was elected into office during the 2010 gubernatorial election. He defeated Republican Bill Brady.
As governor he faced severe short-term budget shortfalls and a long-term state debt, all in the context of the worst national economic slump since the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Quinn has pushed for spending cuts and tax increases, while trying to raise ethical standards, protect public-sector labor unions, and maintain environmental standards.
In November 2014, Quinn lost his re-election campaign to Republican Bruce Rauner.
On October 27, 2017, Quinn announced his candidacy for Attorney General of Illinois.
Personal life
Quinn is divorced and has two sons, Patrick IV and David, born on April 12, 1983, and December 16, 1984, respectively. Quinn was briefly a practicing tax attorney before his career in public office.
LOT Polish Airlines

LOT Polish Airlines is the national airline of Poland. It began in 1928 after the merger of all Polish airlines. The airline's main hub is at Warsaw Chopin Airport. LOT is a member of the Star Alliance.
The Grass Roots

The Grass Roots are an American rock music group. Their peak in popularity was in the 1960s and 1970s. They formed in Los Angeles, California in 1966. Their biggest hit was the song "Midnight Confessions" which charted in the US at #5 in 1968. Their 1969 song "I'd Wait a Million Years" was #15 in the U.S..
Happy Camp, California

Happy Camp (Karuk: athithuf-vuunupma) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Siskiyou County, California in the United States. In 2020 census, 905 people lived there. It is along California State Route 96.
Robert C. Baker

Robert C. Baker (December 29, 1921 - March 13, 2006), was the inventor of the chicken nugget, and a member of the American Poultry Hall of Fame.
Education
Baker got a bachelor's degree from Cornell University in 1943. His majored in pomology at the university's College of Agriculture.
Career
Robert Baker traveled the world innovating how people eat and view chicken. Accredited to him are more than 40 poultry, turkey and cold cut innovations, making him the "Thomas Edison of poultry". In particular he found a revolutionary way to bind breading to chicken, and he co-invented the machine responsible for deboning chicken.
He spent his entire academic life at Cornell University (1957-1989), and published some 290 research papers. In 1970 he founded the university's Institute of Food Science and Marketing.
Baker was elected a fellow of the Institute of Food Technologists in 1997.
Trivia
When Baker invented the chicken hot dog, naming was difficult. Men preferred the name bird dogs and women preferred chicken franks.
McDonald's is often falsely credited with the invention of the chicken nugget. In fact Baker published his chicken nugget recipe in the 1950s as unpatented academic work, while McDonald's patented its recipe for Chicken McNuggets in 1979 and started selling the product in 1983.
Dr. Baker's innovations made it possible to form chicken nuggets in any shape.
Prime Minister of New Zealand

The prime minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government. This job is given to the leader of the party or coalition with the most support in the Parliament of New Zealand. Since 2023, the prime minister has been Chris Hipkins of the Labour Party.
Responsibilities and powers
The power of the presidency has grown substantially since the office's establishment in 1789. While presidential power has ebbed and flowed over time, the presidency has played an increasingly strong role in American political life since the beginning of the 20th century, with a notable expansion during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. In contemporary times, the president is also looked upon as one of the world's most powerful political figures as the leader of the only remaining global superpower. As the leader of the nation with the largest economy by nominal GDP, the president possesses significant domestic and international hard and soft power.
The prime minister holds the most senior post in the New Zealand Parliament. The prime minister is not able to give direct orders to other people in their party.
The prime minister can call for an election by asking the Governor-General to close Parliament
List of New Zealand prime ministers
Living former prime ministers
As of , there are seven living former New Zealand prime ministers, as seen below.
The most recent prime minister to die was Mike Moore (served 1990), on 2 February 2020, aged 71.
Tellurite

Tellurite is an ion. Its chemical formula is TeO32-. They are some of the more stable tellurium compounds. They are weak oxidizing agents. In slightly acidic conditions, it makes hydrogen tellurite, HTeO3-. When it is very acidic, it makes tellurous acid. They are normally made by reacting tellurium dioxide with a metal oxide.
Tellurite is also a rare mineral. This mineral consists of tellurium dioxide. It is a yellow to white mineral. It is in areas that tend to oxidize minerals (oxidation zone). Otherwise telluride or native tellurium would be there.
Gorboduc

The Tragedy of Gorboduc is the earliest English tragedy in blank verse. It was written by Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton. The writers took the story of the play from Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain (1138). The play premiered before Queen Elizabeth I on 18 January 1561. It was first printed in 1565. It was printed again in 1570 as The Tragedy of Ferrex and Porrex.
The play is about a good king named Gorboduc. He gives his kingdom away during his lifetime to his sons. The sons quarrel over the throne. Porrex, the younger son, kills his brother, Ferrex. Their mother, Queen Videna, avenges the death of her older son by murdering Porrex. Gorboduc and Videna are then killed by their horrified former subjects.
Norton wrote the first three acts; Sackville wrote the last two. The playwrights took the tragedies of the Latin writer Seneca as their model, but ignored the classical unities of time and place. They used Classical elements such as the Chorus and the Messenger, but added non-Classical elements such as dumb shows (pantomimes) before each act.
Pittsburgh Pirates (NHL)

The Pittsburgh Pirates were an American professional ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL), based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from 1925-26 to 1929-30. The nickname comes from the baseball team also based in the city. For the 1930-31 season the team moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and played one season as the Philadelphia Quakers.
Mas-Saintes-Puelles

Mas-Saintes-Puelles is a commune of 922 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Portuguese Restoration War

The Portuguese Restoration War () was the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668, bringing a formal end to the Iberian Union. The period from 1640 to 1668 was marked by periodic skirmishes between Portugal and Spain, as well as short episodes of more serious warfare, much of it occasioned by Spanish and Portuguese entanglements with non-Iberian powers. Spain was involved in the Thirty Years' War until 1648 and the Franco-Spanish War until 1659, while Portugal was involved in the Dutch-Portuguese War until 1663.
In the seventeenth century and afterwards, this period of sporadic conflict was simply known, in Portugal and elsewhere, as the Acclamation War. The war established the House of Braganza as Portugal's new ruling dynasty, replacing the House of Habsburg who had been united with the Portuguese crown since the 1581 succession crisis.
Gwen Stacy

Gwendolyne Maxine Stacy is a Marvel Comics character created by Stan Lee and Steve Dikto. She is Peter Parker's first love interest in the comics.
Portrayal
Bryce Dallas Howard played Stacy in Spider-Man 3, with Emma Stone playing her in both The Amazing Spider-Man and The Amazing Spider-Man 2. Hailee Steinfeld would later voice her in Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse.
Roma people in South Africa

A small number of Kalderash gypsies live in South Africa.
Fier

Fieri is a city in southwest Albania. It is the capital of the district and county of the same name. About 82,297 people live in Fier. Fier is from the ruins of the ancient Greek city of Apollonia.
Allophone

An allophone is another way of saying a sound, usually influenced by nearby sounds or place in a word. For example, in English [l] is an allophone of /l/ that appears in codas.
You Are the Woman

You Are the Woman is a 1976 song by country rock band Firefall and taken from their self-titled album. It went to the top 10 in the United States and top 20 in Canada and New Zealand.
Arena

An arena is a circular or oval shaped public space. It is similar to a theater, a concert or sporting events. It is made up of a large open space surrounded on all sides by seats or benches for people to sit. The main feature of an arena is that the event space is the lowest point. This allows everyone to see what's going on. Sometimes, an arena is created to have a very large number of people, such as New York City's Madison Square Garden or Pasadena's Rose Bowl. In the United States, the term 'arena', sometimes means an indoor stadium.
Belves

Belves is a former commune in the Dordogne Department in the south-west of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Pays-de-Belves.
Willie Francis

Willie Francis (January 12, 1929 - May 9, 1947) is best known for surviving a failed execution by electrocution in the United States. He was a juvenile offender sentenced to death at age 16 by the state of Louisiana in 1945. He was found guilty for the murder of Andrew Thomas, a Cajun pharmacy owner in St. Martinville who had once employed Francis. Francis was 17 when he survived the first attempt to execute him because the chair did not work correctly. He tried to appeal his case to the US Supreme Court, but the Supreme Court rejected it. He was executed in 1947 at age 18.
Arrest and trial
In 1944, Andrew Thomas, a pharmacist in St. Martinville, Louisiana, was shot and killed. His murder was unsolved for nine months. However, in August 1945, Willie Francis was arrested in Texas because he was a suspect for an unrelated crime. Police said that he was carrying Thomas' wallet in his pocket, but no evidence of this was given during the trial.
Even though he wrote two confessions, Francis said he was not guilty. During his trial, the court-chosen defense attorneys had no objections, called no witnesses, and put up no defense. Francis' confessions were not questioned by the defense, although he had no counsel at the time. Two days after the trial began, Francis was quickly convicted of murder. He was sentenced to death by twelve jurors and the judge, even though Francis was 15 years old at the time of the crime.
Execution attempt, appeal, and second execution
On May 3, 1946, Francis survived an attempt at execution by the electric chair. Witnesses said they heard Francis scream from behind the leather hood, "Take it off! Take it off! Let me breathe goddammit!" as the electricity was being used. The electric chair, known as "Gruesome Gertie," was found to have been set up incorrectly by a drunk prison guard and inmate from the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola. The sheriff, E.L. Resweber, later said, "This boy really got a shock when they turned that machine on."
After the failed execution, a young lawyer named Bertrand DeBlanc, decided to take Francis' case. He believed it was cruel and unusual punishment, as prohibited in the Constitution, to have him be executed again. DeBlanc took Francis' case to the Supreme Court in Francis v. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459 (1947). He cited many violations of his Fifth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendment rights. These included violations of equal protection, double jeopardy, and cruel and unusual punishment.
The US Supreme Court rejected the appeal. Willie Francis was returned to the electric chair on May 9, 1947. He was pronounced dead in the chair at 12:10 p.m. (CST).
Choucroute garnie

Choucroute garnie is a dish that can be found in the eastern parts of France, in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. In essence, it consists of Sauerkraut, with different types of sausages, and other cooked meat is added. Very often, potatoes are added too. There are many regional variations, and there's no set recipe. Most often, the sauerkraut is served with three or four different kinds of sausage, potatoes and other cooked meat. The types of sausages which are used are Morteau sausage, Saucisson vaudois, and Frankfurter. Other cooked, usually salty meat is commonly added, as are potatoes.
In other regions of France, there are also recipes with fish, shellfish and mussels.
Riesling, or another kind of white wine is used to prepare it. The version that uses Champagne instead is often called Choucroute royale.
At the base, choucrote garnie is a dish of the common people, that is cheap to prepare. There are higher-priced versions that use foie gras, or deer. Many grands chefs also prepare their version.
Eutropius

Eutropius was a polytheist historian for Julian the Apostate in the late 4th century.
Writings
Eutropius wrote a ten-book summary of Roman history called Historiae romanae breviarium between the years of 350 and 370. This is his only known writing.
Giorgi Margvelashvili

Giorgi Margvelashvili (; born 4 September 1969) is a Georgian educator and politician. He served as President of Georgia from 17 November 2013 to 16 December 2018.
Daniel Edward Pilarczyk

Daniel Edward Pilarczyk (August 12, 1934 - March 22, 2020) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Cincinnati, Ohio from 1982 to 2009. Pilarczyk was born in Dayton, Ohio. From 1989 to 1992, he was President of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Pilarczyk died on March 22, 2020 in Cincinnati at the age of 85.
John Efford

Ruben John Efford, (January 6, 1944 - January 2, 2022) was a Canadian Liberal politician and lawyer. He was born in Port de Grave, Newfoundland. He was a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly between 1985 until 2001. Efford was a member of the House of Commons between 2002 until 2006.
Efford died on January 2, 2022 at the age of 77.
Lake Bluff, Illinois

Lake Bluff is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States. It is located on the North Shire of Lake Michigan. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area. As of 2015, the population was 7,469.
1982 FIFA World Cup

The 1982 FIFA World Cup was a football (soccer) sporting event that was held in Spain in 1982. Italy won the trophy after beating Germany in the final.
Participants
Africa
Algeria (ALG) * Squad
Cameroon (CMR) * Squad
Asia
Kuwait (KUW) * Squad
Europe
Austria (AUT) * Squad
Belgium (BEL) * Squad
Czechoslovakia (TCH) * Squad
England (ENG) * Squad
France (FRA) * Squad
West Germany (FRG) * Squad
Hungary (HUN) * Squad
Italy (ITA) * Squad
Northern Ireland (NIR) * Squad
Poland (POL) * Squad
Scotland (SCO) * Squad
Soviet Union (URS) * Squad
Spain (ESP) * Squad
Yugoslavia (YUG) * Squad
North and Central America
El Salvador (SLV) * Squad
Honduras (HON) * Squad
Oceania
New Zealand (NZL) * Squad
South America
Argentina (ARG) * Squad
Brazil (BRA) * Squad
Chile (CHI) * Squad
Peru (PER) * Squad
Results
Group stage
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Group 6
Second round
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Knockout stage
Semifinals
Italy 2-0 Poland
West Germany 3-3 (PK 5-4) France
Third place match
Poland 3-2 France
Final
Italy 3-1 West Germany
Italy won the championship.
Alfred G. Knudson

Alfred George Knudson, Jr. M.D., Ph.D. (August 9, 1922 - July 10, 2016) was an American geneticist. He worked in cancer genetics. He was known for the formulation of the Knudson hypothesis in 1971. It explains the effects of mutation on carcinogenesis (the development of cancer).
Knudson died on July 10, 2016 at his home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from a long-illness at the age of 93.
Helmuth Hubener

Helmuth Hubener (January 8, 1925-October 27, 1942) was a German youth who was executed for his opposition to the Nazi Regime. Beheaded at age 17, he was the youngest person to be executed by the Nazis for resistance work.
Life
Helmuth was born on January 8, 1925, the youngest of three children. He belonged to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Since early childhood, Hubener had been a member of the Boy Scouts, an organization strongly supported by the LDS Church, but in 1935 the Nazis banned scouting from Germany. He then joined the Hitler Youth, as required by the government, but quit after the Kristallnacht in 1938, when the Nazis, including the Hitler Youth, destroyed Jewish businesses and homes.
Resistance Work
After Hubener finished middle school in 1941, he began an apprenticeship in administration at the Hamburg Social Authority (Sozialbehorde). He met other apprentices there, one of whom, Gerhard Duwer, he would later recruit into his resistance movement. At a bathhouse, he met new friends, one of whom had a communist family background and, as a result, he began listening to enemy radio broadcasts. Listening to foreign media was at the time strictly forbidden in Nazi Germany, being considered a form of treason.
After finding out that his brother Gerhard had a shortwave radio, Helmuth began listening on his own. Using what he learned on the BBC channel, Helmuth began composing leaflets with the intent of sharing the truth about the Nazis and the war.
At first the leaflets were only written and distributed by himself. Soon however, Rudi Wobbe, Karl-Heinz Schnibbe, and Gerhard Duwer began listening to the BBC broadcasts and helping him distribute his leaflets around Hamburg, leaving them on billboards, stuffing them into coat pockets, and leaving them in post boxes.
Capture and Execution
On February 5, 1942, Helmuth was captured while attempting to get one of his friends to translate the leaflets into French so they could be handed out to prisoners of war.
At his trial on August 11, 1942, he was tried as an adult by the People's Court (Volksgerichtshof) in Berlin, which had jurisdiction over matters of treason. Hubener was sentenced to death. After the sentence was read, Hubener faced the judges and said: "Now I must die, even though I have committed no crime. So now it's my turn, but your turn will come." His civil rights were also stripped from him, which gave the guard's the ability to torture and abuse him without fear of retribution.
Petitions for clemency were denied. On October 27 Helmuth was told he would be executed later that day. He was told this at 1:05 pm. The execution was carried out by guillotine at 8:13 pm.
70 (number)

70 (also written as seventy or seven ten) is the number that is after sixty-nine and before seventy-one.
The prime factors of seventy are 2, 5, and 7. (2 * 5 * 7 = 70)
Integers
Meadowview Estates, Kentucky

Meadowview Estates is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
North Sioux City, South Dakota

North Sioux City is a city in the far southeastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Union County, near the junction of the Missouri River and the Big Sioux River. North Sioux City is near the borders of Iowa and Nebraska, and it is a suburb of Sioux City, Iowa. It became a city in 1951, and 2,530 people lived there at the 2010 census.
Era (musical project)

Era (stylized as eRa) is a French New Age music project. The project was started by French composer Eric Levi and has 12 members including himself. The project has sold over 12 million albums. The lyrics for their songs are written in Pseudo-Latin and English. They play in the Ambient, Chillout and New Age genres. Their song "Enae Volare Mezzo" was the theme song of mixed martial artist, Fedor Emelianenko as well as his brother Aleksander Emelianenko. Their song "Ameno" was also used as the entrance theme song by the Mexican wrestler Mistico.
Armageddon (2005)

Armageddon was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on December 18, 2005 at the Dunkin' Donuts Center in Providence, Rhode Island, It was a Smackdown-only PPV. There were eight matches on for the event's card.
Buzuluk (inhabited locality)

Buzuluk () is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
Ensar Baykan

Ensar Baykan (born 22 January 1992) is a Turkish footballer who currently plays for Fethiyespor.
Career
On 6 July 2013, he joined Dardanelspor.
Portland Winterhawks

The Portland Winterhawks are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 1976. They currently play in the Western Hockey League. They play their home games in Portland, Oregon at both the Memorial Coliseum and Rose Garden arenas. They have won 2 Memorial Cups in 1982 and 1997. They have also won 2 President's Cups in 1981 and 1997. They were originally known as the Portland Winter Hawks until May 2009 when they took out the space.
Nordausques

Nordausques is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Franz Waxman

Franz Waxman (ne Washsmann; December 24, 1906 - February 24, 1967) is a German-born composer and conductor of Jewish descent, known primarily for his work in the film music genre.
Michael Yeung

Michael Yeung Ming-cheung (, 1 December 1945 - 3 January 2019) was a Chinese Roman Catholic official. He was the 9th Bishop of Hong Kong from 2017 until his death in 2019. He was born in Shanghai, China. On 11 July 2014, Pope Francis appointed him Titular Bishop of Mons in Numidia and named him one of three Auxiliary Bishops of Hong Kong.
Yeung died of liver failure caused by cirrhosis in Hong Kong on 3 January 2019 at the age of 73.
Toyota Yaris

The Toyota Yaris is a small automobile made and sold by Toyota since 1999. It is sold as the Toyota Belta, Toyota Vios, and Toyota Vitz. The Yaris is sold as a 3-door and 5-door hatchback and 4-door sedan. It is currently in its third generation. The first generation Yaris was known as the Toyota Echo in some markets. A distinctive feature of the first generation in many markets was a digital instrument display which glows out of a black hole in the centre of the dashboard. The second generation model arrived in 2005 and the current third generation has been on sale since 2011.
The Yaris IV is presented in October 2019 before the opening of the 2019 Tokyo Motor Show for commercialization in early 2020.
Amorbach

Amorbach is a town in the Miltenberg district in the Lower Franconia region in Bavaria, Germany. About 4,000 people live there. It is on the small river Mud, in the northeastern part of the Odenwald.
Dental floss

Dental floss is a special type of thread. It is used for cleaning spaces between teeth which cannot be reached by toothbrushes. It is important to floss before brushing teeth and to floss at least once a day. Tooth brushing will not clean food that is packed between teeth. This 'food packing' can lead to unhealthy teeth and gums. Bacteria grow in this 'packed food' between teeth. These bacteria cause the surface of teeth (enamel) to break down. Then the teeth and gums and sometimes even the jaw can become seriously diseased.
These bacteria that come from the food on the teeth and between the teeth are called "plaque" or "bacterial plaque" and also can cause the gums to become less healthy. "Gingivitis" which means gum disease is one type of disease that flossing helps to prevent. Very serious diseases can start on the teeth and move to the bone of the jaw, damaging the jaw badly. Flossing your teeth reduces the danger of these serious diseases of the jaw bone. These hard-to-cure jaw bone diseases are called "periodontal disease".
Food that is trapped between the teeth can be uncomfortable and even cause pain. Some food is hard, for example meat, apple. Ground meat is soft and so is apple sauce. Chicken and turkey meat are hard and full of fibres and very often get trapped between the teeth. When hard food is trapped between the teeth it can cause discomfort and sometimes pain. When hard food is pressed by the teeth against the gum it can cause pain. Some people use toothpicks to try to remove trapped food from between the teeth and other people use dental floss to do this.
Dental floss can do most things that a toothpick can do but dental floss is much thinner than a toothpick and can thus get to places that most toothpicks cannot reach. So floss presumably does a better job at getting bits of food out from between the teeth, relieving discomfort and pain quicker.
When a person first starts flossing, bleeding can happen. This is normal and happens because teeth and gums that are not flossed are less healthy. It will stop as the teeth and gums get healthier with flossing.
Sarojini Naidu

Sarojini Naidu ( Chattopadhyay; 13 February 1879 - 2 March 1949) was an Indian political activist and poet. A proponent of civil rights, women's leader, and anti-imperialistic ideas, she was an important figure in India's struggle for independence from colonial rule She is often called the 'Nightingale of India'. She worked closely with Mahatma Gandhi. She is considered and dubbed as the "Mother of the Nation" of India. She was the former governor of Uttar Pradesh.
Tristan Stubbs

Tristan Stubbs is a cricketer from South Africa. Tristan plays for the national cricket team. He was born on August 14, 2000.
Japan national under-17 football team

The Japan national under-17 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association.
Monroe County, Missouri

Monroe County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Paris. In 2020, 8,666 people lived there.
Stan (song)

"Stan" is the third single from The Marshall Mathers LP, Eminem's third album. It was No. 1 in the UK and Australia. It is about an Eminem fan who kills himself and his pregnant partner after Eminem does not respond to his letters. Devon Sawa plays the fan in the music video. Eminem performed the song at the 2001 Grammy Awards. Elton John played the piano at the performance. The album version of the song is 6 minutes and 39 seconds long. The video is 8 minutes and 15 seconds. On The Marshall Mathers LP 2, the song "Bad Guy" is a sequel to "Stan"; it is about Stan's brother, Matthew, taking revenge on Eminem.
The song inspired the slang word Stan, which refers to an obsessed fan. The word was put into the Oxford English Dictionary in 2017.
Stuttgarter Zeitung

The Stuttgarter Zeitung is a German-language daily newspaper (except Sundays). It is edited in Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. It sells about 200,000 copies daily.
Xerxes of Sophene

Xerxes (died c. 212 BC) was the King of Sophene and son of Arsames II. During his domination, Antiochus III the Great invaded his capital Arsamosata. Xerxes recognized Antiochus as his sovereign and received his sister Antiochia as his bride, who later killed him.
Cecil Parkinson

Cecil Edward Parkinson, Baron Parkinson, PC (1 September 1931 - 22 January 2016) was a British Conservative politician and cabinet minister.
Early life
Parkinson was born in Carnforth, Lancashire on 1 September 1931. He studied at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Parkinson married Anne Jarvis in 1957. It would last until his death in 2016.
Career
He entered Parliament in 1970 and was appointed a minister in 1979. In 1983, he became Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, but was forced to resign after revelations that his former secretary, Sara Keays, was pregnant with his child, which she later bore and named Flora Keays.
Parkinson later served as Secretary of State for Energy, and later Transport. He resigned that office in 1990, on the same day that Margaret Thatcher resigned. He was created Baron Parkinson in 1992 and served in the House of Lords until his retirement in September 2015.
Death
Parkinson died of cancer on 22 January 2016 at the age of 84. He was survived by his wife and four children.
Nax

Nax was a municipality of the district of Herens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Nax, Mase and Vernamiege merged into the new municipality of Mont-Noble.
Gert-Jan Segers

Gert-Jan Maarten Segers (born 9 July 1969 in Lisse) is a Dutch writer and politician of the ChristianUnion (CU). He was political leader from 2015 to 2023.
He was a member of the Second Chamber from 2012 to 2023 and a parliamentary leader since 2015.
Segers studied political science at Leiden University. He worked as an assistant to the RPF parliamentary group and briefly as a radio journalist at the Dutch Evangelical Broadcasting (EO). Successively he was a missionary in Egypt for seven years, whereafter he obtained a masters in Western-Islam relations and the Middle East at the Johns Hopkins University. Afterwards he headed the scientific institute of the ChristianUnion.
Segers has written several novels and non-fiction books, and is also a columnist of the Dutch Protestant newspaper Nederlands Dagblad.
He is a Reformed Christian.
Table (furniture)

A table is a piece of furniture with a flat top supported by one or more legs. We put things on a table, often for a short time, for example food and knives and forks, etc. at a meal, cups for drinks, a book, a map, writing paper when writing, and things for hobbies.
We also put things on tables for a longer time, for example a TV, computer or decorations (pretty things). Often we put a cloth on the table, flat on the top. There are traditional ways of putting the cloth, knives and forks and food on the table for meals.
We can make some tables bigger, for example by pulling the top out. We can also fold some tables to transport them better, for example for camping. There are also small tables in trains and planes which we can fold or open. Some round tables come with a Lazy Susan. This is a rotating piece of wood in the center of the table. A table for use outdoors is called a picnic table.
Traditionally, tables in Japan, chabudai, are low, sometimes round tables, for tea and food.
The name of the international organization Mensa is from the Latin word for table.
Stitch (Lilo & Stitch)

Stitch is the main character of the Disney Lilo & Stitch franchise. He is voiced by creator Chris Sanders and is an alien that poses as a dog.
Biography
Stitch was created as Jumba Jookiba's 626th experiment. He left the galactic prison and landed on Hawaii, where he met Lilo Pelekai.
Muotathal

Muotathal is a village and a municipality in Schwyz District in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. The eponymous valley, the Muotatal, is formed by the Muota, which joins Lake Lucerne at Brunnen.
Geography
The village is in the valley of the river Muota, the Muotatal, with which it shares the name. The municipality is in a series of valleys on the eastern edge of the canton, on the borders with the cantons of Uri and Glarus. It is the 10th largest municipality by area in Switzerland.
The municipality includes the entry site of the Holloch, which at over 200 km is the longest cave in Switzerland, and the second-longest in Europe.
Fontaine-Mâcon

Fontaine-Macon is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
The Mississippi Bar

The Mississippi Bar is the required group that attorneys in the U.S. state of Mississippi must join.
History
The Mississippi Bar was first a voluntary membership organization formed in 1821. However, this association ended four years later. It was restarted in 1886 but ended six years after that. In 1905 it was started again. During the Great Depression, membership declined because the public did not thing that the lawyers were ethical. So, the main lawyers in Mississippi got the state to pass its Unified Bar Act in 1932, which led to the current required Bar assocation.
Tab (GUI)

On computers using graphics for an interface, a tab is a way to switch between different controls (such as in a configuration screen), or documents (such as in a web browser or word processor). Only one tab can be active at a time.
Use in browsers
More recently tabs have become a popular feature of most web browsers. This allows you to have more than one website open in the same window.
Lagarde-Paréol

Lagarde-Pareol is a commune of 297 people (1999). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Black tea

Black tea is a kind of tea made from leaves of Camellia sinensis. Often, it is stronger in taste than other varieties of tea, like green tea or oolong. It also has more caffeine. In some parts of the world, like China, it is called red tea, a description of the colour of the liquid. The Western term "black tea" comes from the color of the tea leaf. It has been traded a lot because it could be kept longer. It is generally the preferred form of tea in the West. All People Consumed tea in a daily life routine. Tea is the most-consumed thing in the world after water. One of the best tea is Black tea and Its benefits is very effective.
Producing area and varieties
Unblended black teas are named after the region in which they are produced.
India
One of the most famous countries producing black tea, exporting more than 12% of the world's tea. Darjeeling, Assam, and Nilgiri are known as representative producing areas.
Darjeeling
Darjeeling is grown in Darjeeling district on the foothills of the Himalayas in West Bengal, India. The fragrance is outstandingly good and is compared to the incense of flower or the fruit such as muscatel. It is regarded as the "Champagne of Teas".
Assam
Assam district is major producing area in the northeast of India. It has a sweet fragrance and full-bodied taste and suits milk or sugar. The colour of liquid is dark red.
Nilgiri
The Nilgiri region is hilly area in southern India. The liquid is clear red. It is suitable for tea with milk and particularly spice. Nilgiri has fresh and clear fragrance and clean but solid flavor.
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is next to India in the total production of black tea. The generic name for black tea which grown in Sri Lanka is Ceylon tea.
Uva
Kandy
Dimbula
Nuwara Eliya
Ruhuna
China
Tea produced in China has characteristic that the taste is not so bitter. Straight tea is more popular than tea with milk or sugar in China.
Keemun
Blends
Black tea is often blended with other black tea or various other plants.
English Breakfast
One of the most popular blended tea for breakfast. It is blended to go well with milk or sugar.
Earl Grey
The blended tea sprayed bergamot oil which gives it the smell of a citrus fruit.
Health
Black tea without milk or sugar contains no calories. Black tea also contains tannin and the caffeine. There is a connection between blood-cholesterol-lowering (BCL) and drinking black tea. According to a 2001 Boston University study, there is a relationship between a more drinking black tea and a decrease in a kind of cardiovascular disease.
Abstract algebra

Abstract algebra is a part of math which studies algebraic structures. These include:
groups
rings
fields
matrices
vector spaces
algebras
Boolean algebra
It is normal to build a theory on one kind of structure, like group theory or category theory.
The purpose of the theory of each concept is to organize the precise definition of the concept, examples of it, its substructures, the ways to relate different examples of the concept algebraically (these are called morphisms in some cases), and the concept's applications, both inside its own theory and outside in other areas of mathematics.
During history, different fields of mathematics have used algebras. Algebras are about finding or specifying rules on how to calculate with certain mathematical formulas and expressions. Another algebra (which is not abstract) is elementary algebra, for example.
Examples
Solving equations with many variables. This leads to matrices, determinants and linear algebra.
Finding formulas for polynomial equations. This led to the discovery of groups, as an expression of symmetry.
Quadratic and higher-degree equations and Diophantine equations - especially when Fermat's last theorem was proved led to the definition of rings, and ideals.
Scots-Irish

Scotch-Irish or Scots-Irish may refer to;
Ulster Scots people, an ethnic group in the Ulster province of Ireland which can trace its roots back to settlers from Scotland and northern England
Ulster Scots language a protected language under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
Scots-Irish American, descendents of the Ulster Scots people who first migrated to North America in large numbers beginning in the early 18th century
Arzano, Finistère

Arzano () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Prix, Allier

Saint-Prix is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
Rio (song)

"Rio" is the seventh single by English new wave band Duran Duran and is the title track to their second album. It went to number 3 in Canada, number 9 in Ireland and the United Kingdom and number 14 in the United States. It was first released in Australia in August 1982.