kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Mswati II

Mswati II (d. 1868), also known as Mswati and Mavuso II, was the king of Eswatini between 1840 and 1868. He was also the eponym of Eswatini. Scholars say Mswati was the best of Eswatini's fighting kings. He made Eswatini much larger.
Mswati was the son of Sobhuza I and Tsandzile Ndwandwe (known as 'LaZidze) who after ruling as Queen Mother became Queen Regent after the death of her son. When Sobhuza died, Mswati inherited the kingdom. At that time, it was from present day Barberton in the north and included the Nomahasha district in Mozambique. Mswati's became a strong military power after Mswati and his brothers Fokoti, Somcuba and Malambule stopped fighting each other.
When Mswati's armies attacked other Bantu armies or nations, they stole cattle and captured people instead of trying to make the other people's territory part of their kingdom. Around this time, the Trekboers became the first Europeans to meet any Swazis.
Mswati made Swazi territory much larger than it is today. There were military outposts and royal village outposts such as Mbhuleni, on the upper Komati River at the foot of the Mkongomo Mountains, south of Badplaas, Mekemeke which is east of the Mbayiyane Mountains, situated east of Mantibovu (Low's Creek). The death of Mswati II in July 1868 ended the era of Swazi conquest, territorial expansion and resulted in unification of various people into one nation.
Daisy

Daisy may refer to:
Names
Daisy (given name), a feminine given name, commonly thought to be derived from the name of the flower
Plants
Asteraceae or Compositae, known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family
'Common Daisy'
Bellis perennis or
Leucanthemum vulgare white petals and a green stalk
Places
Daisy, Arkansas
Daisy, Georgia
Daisy, Oklahoma
Daisy Geyser, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Animals
Daisy (dog) (1993-2006), a dog belonging to Rudolph Moshammer
Daisy, a meerkat in the series Meerkat Manor
Daisy, an orangutan in the series Orangutan Island
Fictional characters
Daisy (Keeping Up Appearances), from the British comedy television series, portrayed by actress Judy Cornwell
Daisy (Thomas the Tank Engine), railway engine in the television series
Daisy the Diesel Rail-Car, diesel railcar, painted green with yellow lining from The Railway Series
Daisy, Lily, and Violet, Kanto Gym Leaders in Pokemon
Princess Daisy, a character in the Mario series
Daisy Duck, one of Walt Disney's cartoon and comic book characters, first appearing in 1940
Daisy, a sleepy troll in Trolls: The Beat Goes On! and Trolls: TrollsTopia
Daisy, young boy, main character of Baby with the Bathwater
Daisy, a character from Toy Story 3
Daisy, Bumstead family's dog in the comic strip Blondie
Daisy, Charlie's porn star client in Californication
Daisy, local stable owner in Look to the Lady
Daisy, animated tall orange/yellow/green daisy in Oswald
Daizy, a character in Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!
Scott Barr

Harvey Scott Barr, Jr. (August 21, 1916 - October 26, 2015) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Washington. Barr was born in Spokane. He served the 7th district in the Washington House of Representatives from 1977 to 1983, and the same district from 1983 to 1993 in the Washington State Senate. His term ended with his resignation in December 1993. He was a Republican.
Barr died in Colville, Washington on October 26, 2015 from natural causes, aged 99.
Senate of Fiji

The Senate of Fiji was the upper chamber of Parliament. It was abolished by the 2013 Constitution of Fiji, after a series of military coups.
The Senate had 32 members. They were appointed by the President for five-year terms at the same time as the term of the House of Representatives.
Foucault

Foucault can mean more than one thing:
Michel Foucault (philosopher)
Leon Foucault (physicist)
Foucault pendulum
Foucault's Pendulum (book), a 1988 book by Umberto Eco
Uriah Heep

Uriah Heep are an English hard rock band. They formed in December 1969.
Bathory (album)

Bathory is the first studio album by the Swedish extreme metal band Bathory. It was released in October 1984, through Tyfon Grammofon. Many people say that this album is the very first black metal album.
Background
The band Bathory was formed one year earlier. Quorthon was working part-time at the small record label Tyfon. In late 1983 and early 1984, the label was putting together a lot of songs by Scandinavian metal bands. At the last minute, one of the bands backed out. Tyfon agreed to let Bathory appear on the record as a replacement, and the band recorded two songs for the compilation--"Sacrifice" and "The Return of the Darkness and Evil"--in January. The album, Scandinavian Metal Attack, was released in March 1984 and was Bathory's first appearance on record. Much of the fan-mail was directed towards Bathory, and Tyfon asked them to record a full-album.
On 22 May 1984, Bathory had their first and only rehearsal together before recording the album. On 14 June the band entered Heavenshore Studio in Stockholm--a garage--to record the album. The recording and mixing were done in somewhere between 32 and 56 hours.
Makoons Play School

Makoons Play School is a group of private educational institutions in India, operating a chain of pre-schools. Established in 2016, it has grown to become a prominent player in the early childhood education industry. Makoons Play School is operated by KRS Educreation Pvt. Ltd., with its headquarters in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. The founder and CEO of the company is Vijay Kumar Agarwal.
Overview
Makoons Play School operates over 100 pre-schools across 35 cities in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, providing education to approximately 10,000 students. It is recognized for its commitment to delivering high-quality pre-primary education. The preschool chain has gained recognition and trust among parents and educators due to its innovative approach and focus on curriculum enhancement.
Expansion and Franchise Model
In 2017, Makoons Play School embarked on an expansion strategy, introducing franchise models beyond its initial city limits. Over the years, the number of preschool units under the Makoons umbrella has experienced significant growth. Presently, Makoons Play School has a presence in 35 cities spanning 14 states in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh.
Awards and Recognitions
Knowledge Review Award 2018.
Global Service Excellence Awards 2018.
Excellence in Indian Education Awards 2019.
National Business Leadership & Service Excellence Awards 2020.
International Education Service Excellence Awards 2022.
India's Most Prominent Education Award 2021.
The 10 Most Promising Preschool and Daycare in India 2018.
Best Preschool Chain in North India 2022.
Most Innovative Preschool 2022.
Most Trusted Preschool in Delhi-NCR 2019.
Best Franchisor in Early Child Education - 2019.
Fastest Growing Preschool Network 2019.
Most Valued Preschool Chain of the Year 2019.
Top 100 Preschools of India 2018-19.
Most Promising Preschool in Delhi/NCR 2020.
Most Promising Preschool & Daycare in India 2020.
Best Preschool Chain in Delhi-NCR 2020.
Starr report

The Starr Report was a document which urged the impeachment of United States President Bill Clinton by Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr and released on September 11, 1998.
Pak Hon-yong

Pak Hon-yong or Park Heon-young (Hangul: bagheonyeong, Hanja:Po Xian Yong , 28 May 1900 - 18 December 1955) was a Korean independence activist, politician, thinker, Communist, and leader of the Korean Chosen Communist Party. His other names are 'Kim Seongsam' (gimseongsam) and "Ijeong", () which is his pen name. He served in North Korea as the Foreign Minister and Vice Prime Minister, August 1948 to 1953.
He was executed by the North Korean regime on the accusation of being an American spy.
Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk () is a city in Russia. It is the capital and largest city of Arkhangelsk Oblast in European Russia. As of 2012, the city has 350,258 people.
History
Arkhangelsk was founded in 1584 as the fortified monastery of Micheal, a Russian archangel, it was the first port of the Russian Empire to trade with England and later with other countries. The port of Arkhangelsk reached the height of its prosperity in the 17th century but subsequently declined with the foundation of Saint Petersburg in 1703 and the high customs dues introduced by Peter I the Great to trade to Arkhangelsk. Arkhangelsk later revived with the building of a railway from Moscow in 1898. At that time, Arkhangelsk is now the largest timber-exporting port of Russia. It has big timber-processing industries, including sawmilling, pulp making and papermaking. Shipbuilding and repair are important in Arkhangelsk. Arkhangelsk is home for a fishing fleet and the western terminus of the Russian Northern Sea Route. There are thousands of medicines, planting, managing, caring for forests, taigas, and a teachers college.
Geography
Arkhangelsk is located in the northern part of Arkhangelsk Oblast. It is also the capital and largest city of the Arkhangelsk Oblast. It borders the Arctic Ocean on the north. It is 1,242 kilometers north of Moscow, 1,109 kilometers northeast of Saint Petersburg, and 1,271 kilometers north of Nizhny Novgorod.
Economy
Important industries (or parts of the economy) are timber trade, paper industry, ship building, machinery, and industry related to microbiology. Arkhangelsk has a large commercial and fishing port.
Population
As of 2012, Arkhangelsk's population reached 350,258 people. At 2006, the city has 349,772 people.
Stargate (production team)

Stargate (sometimes written StarGate) is a Norwegian record producer and songwriter team. The team came from Trondheim, Norway. The team was formed in 1997. It is comprised of Tor Erik Hermansen and Mikkel S. Eriksen (often credited as Mikkel SE). The duo work in the genres of pop, R&B and hip hop, based in New York City.
Their breakthrough single in the United States was the Billboard Hot 100 No.1 "So Sick" by Ne-Yo. They produced and co-wrote it with Ne-Yo. The follow-up was "Sexy Love". That was also a US Top 10 single. Stargate worked with Ne-Yo. They wrote and produced Rihanna's "Unfaithful". That song reached number 6 on the Hot 100, number 1 in Europe, and top 5 in 22 countries. They also produced and co-wrote the U.S. number-one single "Irreplaceable" by Beyonce. "Irreplaceable" topped the Hot 100 for ten consecutive weeks. It became the biggest song of 2007 on the Hot 100 Billboard Year End Chart 2007.
In May 2008 Rihanna's "Take A Bow" became the producer team's third U.S. number one. It also became their fifth UK number-one.
Stargate was particularly successful on the UK market with many top 10 hits in the UK for artists like Blue, Mis-Teeq and Atomic Kitten.
In 2005, Mikkel S. Eriksen and Tor Erik Hermansen moved to New York. They also rapidly established themselves as associates of the biggest hip hop/R&B acts on the US market. The third original member, Hallgeir Rustan, remains a producer in Norway.
Chocolate Bayou, Texas

Chocolate Bayou is an unincorporated area of Brazoria County in the state of Texas, United States.
Yu Hyeong-won

Yu Hyeong-won (yuhyeongweon Liu Xin Yuan , 1622-1673) was a Korean politicians, writer, and scholar in the Joseon Dynasty. He is best known as a Neo-Confucian scholar and as an early Silhak scholar.
Pitjantjatjara language

Pitjantjatjara ( or ) is one of the Western Desert languages of Australia. It is often considered a dialect. It is spoken by the Pitjantjatjara people of central Australia. It is mutually intelligible with other languages of the Western Desert and is very closely related to the Yankunytjatjara language.
The name of the people comes from their word for coming/going: .
Llullaillaco

Llullaillaco is a stratovolcano in the Andes range, in Argentina and Chile. It is the 7th highest mountain in the Andes.
It lies in the Puna de Atacama, a region of very high volcanic peaks on a high plateau within the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places in the world.
History
The first recorded ascent was on 1 December 1952, by Bion Gonzalez and Juan Harseim, from Chile. They found archaeological evidence that people were at the top of Llullaillaco in the pre-Columbian period.
During 1983-1985, American archaeologist Johan Reinhard directed three surveys of archaeological sites on the summit and slopes of the mountain.
The summit is the highest archaeological site in the world. The mummies of three Inca children were found on it in 1999. These were found by Johan Reinhard and Constanza Ceruti and their expedition. Other artifacts were also found along with the mummies. It is believed that the children were part of a human sacrifice.
Geography
The volcano is in the Chile-Argentina boder and is part, on the Chilean part, of the Llullaillaco National Park ().
The Llullaillaco is a stratovolcano. There were eruptions in 1854, 1866 and 1877. Since then, no volcanic activity has been recorded. It is the world's second highest active volcano, second to Ojos del Salado.
It is an ultra-prominent peak, or Ultra for short, because it has as a summit with a topographic prominence of or more.
Lola Smallwood-Cuevas

Lola Smallwood-Cuevas is an American politician. She became a senator in the California Senate in 2022. Smallwood-Cuevas represents District 28. The district is for South Los Angeles and Culver City, CA. She started the Black Worker Center at University of California, Los Angeles. President Barak Obama liked the work Smallwood-Cuevas did for workers.
Family and Early Life
Smallwood-Cuevas was raised in a single parent household. She movedto California, with her mother, when she was young. Her mother wanted better jobs and schools. Her mother is a nurse. Smallwood-Cuevas graduated from California State University at Hayward. She is married. She has one daughter and one son.
Career
Smallwood-Cuevas was a journalist. She wrote for the Chicago Tribune, the Long Beach Press Telegram and the Oakland Tribune. She reported on the lives of working families. She then worked as a researcher for United Service Workers West. Smallwood-Cuevas co-founded the LA Black Worker Center. She also works with the Center for the Advancement of Racial Equity at Work at UCLA.
California State Senate
Smallwood Cuevas became a California State Senator on December 5, 2022. She is part of the Democratic Party. She represents district 28 in Los Angeles California. She got 99,479 votes out of 140,996 total votes. She had 59.9% of the votes.
Philipp Degen

Philipp Degen (born 15 February 1983) is a Swiss football player. He plays for FC Basel and Switzerland national team.
Arcadia, Wisconsin

Arcadia is a city of Trempealeau County in the state of Wisconsin, United States. Arcadia is found along the Trempealeau River.
People
About 2,400 people were living in Arcadia as of 2000.
Ninan Koshy

Ninan Koshy (; 1 February 1934 - 4 March 2015) was an Indian political thinker, foreign affairs expert, Christian theologian and social analyst. He was born in 1934 in Thiruvalla. He was a former director of the WCC's Commission of the Churches on International Affairs.
Koshy died in Thiruvananthapuram on 4 March 2015, aged 81.
Stratum (linguistics)

In linguistics, a stratum, or strate, is a language that changes another language or is changed by another language.
A substratum is the language which is changed, and a superstratum is the language that changes it. An adstratum is two languages changing each other at the same time.
The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension

The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension is a 1984 American science fiction romantic comedy movie directed by W. D. Richter and starring Peter Weller, Ellen Barkin, John Lithgow, Jeff Goldblum, Christopher Lloyd, Vincent Schiavelli, Rosalind Cash, Clancy Brown, Robert Ito, Ronald Lacey, Billy Vera and Laura Harrington. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and became a cult classic.
Production
Tom Hanks stated that he based his character on Elia Kazan, Jacques Cousteau, Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci and Sting.
Chuck Hagel

Chuck Hagel ( ; born October 4, 1946) was the 24th Secretary of Defense and the former U.S. Senator from Nebraska. He is a member of the United States Republican Party. He has criticized the Bush Administration on many things, such as the Iraq War.
In October 2014, speaking at a meeting of defense ministers in Peru, Hagel highlighted a report's findings of the global security threats of climate change and global warming; stating "The loss of glaciers will strain water supplies in several areas of our hemisphere," and "Destruction and devastation from hurricanes can sow the seeds for instability. Droughts and crop failures can leave millions of people without any lifeline, and trigger waves of mass migration."
He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 26, 2012 to become Secretary of Defense during Barack Obama's second term replacing Leon Panetta.
On November 24, 2014, it was announced that Hagel would resign the position of Secretary of Defense due to job stress and decisions on ISIS/ISIL.
Kukka

Kukka is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Leo Borchard

Leo Borchard (born Moscow, 31 March 1899; died 23 August 1945) was a Russian conductor who became a naturalized German.
Borchard was born in Moscow. His parents were German. He spent his childhood in Saint Petersburg where he had music lessons. In 1920, after the Russian Revolution, he emigrated to Germany. Otto Klemperer made him his assistant at the Kroll Opera in Berlin.
He conducted the Berlin Philharmonic for the first time in January 1933. In 1935, he was banned by the Nazis for political reasons. He was not allowed to conduct, so he had to earn some money by teaching.
During World War II he was an activist who was working against the Nazis. After the war had ended he conducted the world famous Berlin Philharmonic in a concert which was very successful. One week later he was given the job of conductor of the orchestra instead of Wilhelm Furtwangler who was in exile in Switzerland. The part of Germany he was in was run by the Russians at this time. Because he had been anti-Nazi, and because he spoke Russian, he was favoured by the political leaders. In less than four months he gave 22 concerts with the BPO. In Berlin, as he was being driven home after a concert, he was shot dead by an American officer due to a misunderstanding at a military checkpoint.
The War Wagon

The War Wagon is a 1967 American western movie directed by Burt Kennedy and based on the novel of the same name by Clair Huffaker. It stars John Wayne, Kirk Douglas, Howard Keel, Keenan Wynn, Bruce Dern, Bruce Cabot, Hal Needham and distributed by Universal Pictures.
Émile Mpenza

Emile Mpenza (born 4 July 1978) is a Belgian football player. He plays for Sion and Belgium national team.
Meitingen

Meitingen (Swabian: Meidinga) is a market town in the district of Augsburg, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the left bank of the Lech, south of Donauworth, and north of Augsburg.
Achslach

Achslach () is a municipality in Regen in Bavaria in Germany.
Bassemberg

Bassemberg is a French commune. It is in the Bas-Rhin department.
Núria Gispert i Feliu

Nuria Gispert y Feliu (6 June 1936 - 16 September 2020) was a Spanish politician, Catholic activist and social worker. She was born in Barcelona. She was a member of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia. Between 1979 to 1995, she was a member of the City Council of Barcelona.
Feliu died on 16 September 2020 in Barcelona of colon cancer at the age of 84.
Jama Masjid

The Jama Masjid, also known as the Masjid-i Jahan-Numa (, which translates as the 'World-reflecting Mosque') is the principal mosque of Old Delhi in India. It was built in 1656 by the Mughals under Emperor Shah Jahan.
Kavar

Kavar (, also Romanized as Kavar; also known as Kaval) is a city and capital of Kavar County, Fars Province, Iran.
Jens Johansson

Jens Johansson (born November 2, 1963 in Stockholm) is a Swedish power metal keyboardist and pianist. He is noted as one of the first and most influential "shred" keyboardists, for his high-speed neoclassical and fusion style.
Lindsay Hoyle

Sir Lindsay Harvey Hoyle (born 10 June 1957) is a British politician. He has been the Speaker of the House of Commons since 2019. He has been a Member of Parliament (MP) for Chorley since 1997. He was a Labour Party MP. However, he was elected as speaker so he has been independent from 2019.
As a Labour MP, Hoyle was Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Speaker to John Bercow from 2010 to 2019, before being elected as Speaker on 4 November 2019.
Grandee of Spain

The Grandes de Espana are the highest ranking members of the Spanish nobility. Their ranks are made up of those nobles holding the most important historical landed titles in Spain. In the modern day, many of these titles overlap or are held by the same person. Strategic marriages have collected titles under certain noble houses over time.
In the modern day, all Grandees have the status 'of the first class'. It implies neither privilege nor power.
An individual is a grandee if he or she holds a Grandeza de Espana, regardless of possession of a title of nobility. Normally, each grandeza is granted with a title, but this was not always the case. Also, a Grandeza de Espana is normally awarded along with every ducal title. Several members of both Spanish and French nobility were made Grandees also.
Address
Grandees and their consorts are entitled to the style of The Most Excellent (, male, or , female; abbreviated as Excmo. Sr. or Excma. Sra.). In written form, their names are followed by the abbreviation G de E.
Barisal Zilla School

Barisal Zilla School is a boys school located in Barisal, Bangladesh. It is one of the oldest and top ranked high schools in the country and the first high school in Barisal Division.
It was founded by an Englishman, N. W. Garret, on 23 December 1829 with only 8 students. Now it has more than two thousand students.
Stratovarius

Stratovarius is a Finnish power metal band that formed in 1983. Their material contains elements of symphonic metal, progressive metal and NWOBHM.
And a Little Child Shall Lead Them

And a Little Child Shall Lead Them is a 1909 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Marion Leonard, Arthur V. Johnson, and Adele DeGarde.
Vaná

Vanailson Luciano de Souza Alves (born in April 25, 1991), commonly known as Vana, is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Coritiba.
Cloak

A cloak is a type of loose garment. It is worn over indoor clothing. It protects a person, for example from cold or rain. It may be part of an outfit or uniform. Cloaks have been used by many historical societies. Their designs, over time, have been changed to match fashion and available textiles.
Cloaks generally fasten at the neck or over the shoulder. They can be different lengths, from hip all the way down the ankle. They may have an attached hood. They may fasten down the front. Cloaks are almost always sleeveless.
Puce

Puce is a medium grayish red-violet colour.
Puce colours may be pale grayish red-violet, grayish red or brownish-purple colours.
Basically, puce colours are reddish purple colours mixed with gray or brown. A wide range of tones of puce are shown below.
Chinese dried plums, a favorite snack among Chinese people worldwide, can be said to be puce coloured.
Where the name came from
The name is from the French word puce which means "flea". Some people say that the colour name comes from the colour of a squashed flea or the colour of a flea full of blood. Other people say that colour name comes from the flea's droppings of digested blood, which spread out in deep red stain when water contacts them. Still others say that the colour name means the colour of the belly of a flea.
On the other hand, the colour name may refer to blue-lavender of the Pennyroyal flower, also named puce in French. The name may come from the use of strong-smelling Pennyroyal to ward off fleas.
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) dates the use of "puce" (in couleur puce)in English from 1787. The first recorded use of puce as a color name was in the 14th century, in the French language.
Meaning of puce
The colour puce and/or its various tones are used to signify something that is odd, unusual, or bizarre.
Puce and its tones are favourite colours among those of the Goth subculture.
E. L. James

Erika Mitchell (born 7 March 1963), known by her pen name as E. L. James is an English author. James was born in London. She was raised in Buckinghamshire. She studied History at the University of Kent. James wrote: Fifty Shades of Grey, Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian, Fifty Shades Freed, and Fifty Shades Darker.
Swinging London

Swinging London is a catch-all term applied to the fashion and cultural scene which flourished in London, in the 1960s.
It was a phenomenon which emphasized the young, the new and the modern. It was a period of optimism and hedonism, and a cultural revolution. One catalyst was the recovery of the British economy after post-World War II hard times had lasted through much of the 1950s. Journalist Christopher Booker, a founder of the satirical magazine Private Eye, recalled the "bewitching" character of the swinging sixties: "There seemed to be no one standing outside the bubble, and observing just how odd and shallow and egocentric and even rather horrible it was".
"Swinging London" was defined by Time magazine in its issue of 15 April 1966, and celebrated in the name of the pirate radio station, Swinging Radio England, that began shortly afterward. However, "swinging" in the sense of hip or fashionable, had been used since the early 1960s. In 1965, Diana Vreeland, editor of Vogue magazine, said "London is the most swinging city in the world at the moment".
Although The Beatles came from Liverpool, The Rolling Stones, and the rest of the new culture was London-based. Most of the new fashion designers, models and photographers were young, and packed into a small area in Soho around Carnaby Street, W1., and another area round the King's Road, Chelsea.
Fashion & symbols
During the time of Swinging London, fashion and photography were featured in Queen magazine, which drew attention to fashion designer Mary Quant.
The model Jean Shrimpton was another icon and one of the world's first supermodels. She was the world's highest paid and most photographed model of the time. Shrimpton was called "The face of the '60s", in which she has been considered by many as "the symbol of Swinging London", and the "embodiment of the 1960s". Other popular models of the era included Veruschka, and Twiggy. Twiggy was called "the Queen of Mod", a label she shared with others, such as Cathy McGowan, who hosted the television rock show, Ready Steady Go! from 1964 to 1966.
Mod-related fashions such as the miniskirt stimulated fashionable shopping areas such as Carnaby Street and the Kings Road, Chelsea. The fashion was a symbol of youth culture.
The British flag, the Union Flag, became a symbol, assisted by events such as England's home victory in the 1966 World Cup. The Mini car (launched in 1959) was used by a fleet of mini-cab taxis highlighted by advertising which covered their paintwork.
Machinist

A machinist is a person who uses tools to make modify parts and objects, such as parts for firearms, vehicles such as airplanes, cars, and boats, and plastic injection molds. A machinist can cut metal, plastic, wood, or other materials, such as ice. Machinists may operate manual machines or Numerical control (CNC) machines.
Machinists follow a print that tells them what kind of metal to use, where to cut, how deep to cut, what angles to cut at, and many other specified instructions to meet a person's standards.
Machines
These tools include, but are not limited to, the:
Lathe, a machine tool that grips a piece of "stock" (metal cut into a smaller size for machining) and spins it against cutting point. A lathe may be CNC or manual.
Milling machine, a machine tool that grips a cutter and spins it, and allows the stock to be pushed into, away from, or against the cutter. A milling machine may be CNC or manual.
Tools
Machinists will make use of calipers, gages, micrometers, paints, and other items for the use of checking to see if parts are machined correctly or planning out cuts.
Layout paint may come in red or blue. It is used to coat the side of a part for scribing a path or shape of a cut.
Bar stock
Bar stock is metal that has not yet been machined. It may be referred to as slugs, blanks, or billets. It may be made of different kinds of steel or aluminum.
Metals higher in Carbon are harder to cut, while metals lower in carbon are easier to cut.
Fayetteville, Pennsylvania

Fayetteville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,128 at the 2010 census, up from 2,774 at the 2000 census.
Aashiqui 2

Aashiqui 2 () is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language romantic musical drama movie directed by Mohit Suri and produced by Mukesh Bhatt, Bhushan Kumar and Krishan Kumar under the Vishesh Films and T-Series Films, with Mahesh Bhatt serving as presenter. This is a sequel to the 1990 musical movie Aashiqui and the movie stars Aditya Roy Kapur and Shraddha Kapoor in the lead roles, with Shaad Randhawa and Mahesh Thakur in supporting roles.
The movie released on 26 April 2013 and opened to positive reviews and the movie became a commercial success at the box-office although there were newcomers, and was one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of 2013. This movie was a turning point in both Aditya Roy Kapur and Shraddha Kapoor's movie careers.
Early 1990s recession in the United States

The United States entered recession in 1990. It lasted eight months until March 1991. The recession was mild compared to other recessions post-World War II. However, it was marked by a substandard recovery, also called a jobless recovery. Unemployment continued to rise until June 1992 even though a positive economic growth had returned the year before.
July 1990 was the end of what was then the longest peacetime expansion in United States history. The United States had major job growth and declining unemployment before the 1990s recession. The hardest hit regions were New England and the West Coast of the United States. The Midwest was less affected.
Job losses and unemployment kept rising and hit 7.8% in June 1992.
Other factors led to a slow economy. The factors included a dip in office construction due to too much building in the 1980s. Local markets in New England, Texas and Southern California went through the effects of too much commercial building.
George Murdock

George Murdock (June 25, 1930 - April 30, 2012) was an American television and movie actor.
Among his most famous characters for movies and TV were Lt. Scanlon, the oily Internal Affairs officer in Barney Miller, Dr. Salik in Battlestar Galactica TV series and his appearance in Star Trek V: The Final Frontier, directed by William Shatner, who called him "a wonderful actor". Murdock career would begin in 1961 until his death in 2012.
Murdock was born on June 25, 1930 in Salina, Kansas. Murdock was never married and had no children. Murdock died on April 30, 2012 in a hospital in Burbank, California from complications from cancer, he was 81 years old.
Atsushi Nagai

Atsushi Nagai (born 23 December 1974) is a retired Japanese football player.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a biopolymer that is made by bacteria. It can break down naturally (it is biodegradable). PHA has the same qualities of plastic, but it uses renewable raw material such as sugar from crop, instead of finite natural resources such as crude oil, natural gas and coal. Some PHAs share properties with polypropylene, a plastic used to make ropes and packaging. Others are similar to rubber.
Ruhstorf an der Rott

Ruhstorf is a municipality in Passau in Bavaria in Germany.
Ken Rice (American football)

Kenneth Earl Rice (September 14, 1939 - October 14, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was an offensive tackle in the American Football League (AFL) for the Buffalo Bills, Oakland Raiders, and the Miami Dolphins.
Rice played college football for the Auburn Tigers, where he was named a two-time All-American. He was born in Attapulgus, Georgia.
Rice died on October 14, 2020 in Canton, Georgia at the age of 81.
1198

{{Year in other calendars10021
(MCXCVIII''') was .
Events
End of the reign of Emperor Go-Toba, emperor of Japan
Emperor Tsuchimikado ascends to the throne of Japan
January 8 - Pope Innocent III ascends Papal Throne
Frederick II, infant son of German King Henry VI, crowned King of Sicily
Births
August 24 -- King Alexander II of Scotland (d. 1249)
Ertugrul, Turkish leader, father of Osman I (d. 1281)
Ferdinand III of Castile (d. 1252)
Sybilla of Lusignan, wife of Leo II of Armenia (d. c. 1230)
Deaths
January 8 -- Pope Celestine III (b. c. 1106)
March 11 -- Marie de Champagne, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1145)
April 16 -- Duke Frederick I of Austria (b. c. 1175)
September 1 -- Dulce Berenguer, Queen of Portugal, spouse of King Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1160)
November 27 -- Queen Constance of Sicily, wife of Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1154)
December 10 -- Averroes, Arab philosopher and physician (b. 1126)
Ruaidri mac Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, High King of Ireland
Alix of France, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1150)
William III of Sicily (b. 1190)
June 2 -- Lord Ygo III of Galama, Frisian knight and nobleman (b. 1139)
William of Newburgh, English historian (b. 1135)
Iris M. Zavala

Iris M. Zavala (27 December 1936 - 10 April 2020) was a Puerto Rican author, scholar, and poet. She had written over 50 works. Her best known work was "Nocturna, mas no funesta", built on and express this belief.
Early life and education
She was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico. In Spain she was a UNESCO fellow at the University Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, and a Ramon LLul fellow at the University of Mallorca. She also taught at the University of Minnesota.
Zavala died from COVID-19 in Madrid during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, at the age of 83.
Bagalkot

Bagalkot is a city in India. It is in the state of Karnataka.
Joseph Zangerle

Joseph Zangerle (6 November 1949 - 12 January 2022) was a Luxembourgish footballer. He played as a forward for R.W.D. Molenbeek and Union Luxembourg throughout the 1970s. His career began in 1968 and he retired in 1979. He made 11 appearances for the Luxembourg national football team.
Zangerle died on 12 January 2022, at the age of 72.
Tinus Linee

Marthinus "Tinus" Linee (23 August 1969 - 3 November 2014) was a South African rugby player. Linee played as a centre. He played all of his rugby for Western Province. Linee was born in Paarl, Western Cape.
He represented Western Province and the Stormers in Super Rugby. He played nine tour games for the Springboks between 1993 and 1994, but never played in a test for South Africa.
Tinus died in Paarl, Western Cape from complications following motor neurone disease, aged 45.
Afrikaner nationalism

Afrikaner nationalism is a political ideology which was created in the 19th century in South Africa. There is an ethnic group called Afrikaner in South Africa. Afrikaner nationalism is the idea that the Afrikaner are "chosen people". It says that Afrikaners who speak their language should unite to fight off foreign influences that come from English-speaking settlers of South Africa, black people or Jews.
The historian T. Dunbar Moodie describes Afrikaner nationalism as a kind of civil religion that combined the history of the Afrikaners, their language and the Afrikaner Calvinism as key symbols. A major proponent of the ideology was the secret Broederbond organization and the National Party that ruled the country from 1948 to 1994. Other organisations aligned with the Afrikaner nationalistic ideology were the Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Organisations (Federasie van Afrikaanse Kultuurvereniginge , FAK), the Institute for Christian National Education and the White Workers' Protection Association.
Sonbhadra district

Sonbhadra () is a district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
Thutmose III

Thutmose III (Thutmose means "Thoth is born") was the sixth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Thutmose III was pharaoh in name for almost 54 years (24 April 1479 BC to 11 March 1425 BC) from the age of two and until his death at age fifty-six.
For the first 22 years of his reign, he was coregent with his stepmother and aunt, Hatshepsut. She was also pharaoh, and probably the actual ruler for the first part of his reign. During the final two years of his reign, he appointed his son and successor, Amenhotep II, as his junior co-regent. His firstborn son and heir to the throne, Amenemhat, died before Thutmose III.
As the sole ruler of the kingdom after the deaths of Thutmose II and Hatshepsut, he created the largest empire Egypt ever had. 17 campaigns were conducted. He conquered lands from the Niya Kingdom in northern Syria to the Fourth Cataract of the Nile in Nubia.
Whether the Egyptian empire covered even more areas is less specific. Earlier Egyptologists, most recently Ed. Meyer believed that Thutmose had also subjugated the islands of the Aegean Sea. This can no longer be upheld today. Conquest of Mesopotamia is unthinkable; whether tribute sent from Alashia Cyprus was more than occasional gifts
When Thutmose III died, he was buried in the Valley of the Kings. Other kings from this period in Egypt were also buried there.
Sakhalin constituency

Sakhalin (; No. 167) is a constituency of Russia. It includes all of Sakhalin Oblast. It is the only Russian constituency that is entirely made up of islands.
Jõgeva County

Jogeva County is a county in Estonia. The capital city is also named Jogeva.
Autonomous Left

The Autonomous Left was a Chilean political movement. It was a founding member of the Broad Front on 21 January 2017. One year later, the movement became part of the party Commons.
Benigno Fitial

Benigno Repeki Fitial (born November 27, 1945) is a Northern Mariana politician. He was the governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) from 2006 until 2013.
He was impeached by the CNMI House of Representatives on February 11, 2013 and was scheduled to face trial before the CNMI Senate to determine if he should be removed from office. He resigned on February 20, 2013 after 7 years, 1 month, and 11 days in office.
Dejan Miladinović

Dejan Miladinovic, (; 2 December 1948 - 3 August 2017) was a Serbian opera director. He was born in Belgrade, former Yugoslavia. Miladinovic has served as Principal Stage Director and two times as Artistic Director of the National Opera of Novi Sad. He has also served as Director and Artistic Councilor for "Grand Opera Projects" with Convention Centre "Sava" in Belgrade.
Miladinovic died in Belgrade on 3 August 2017 at the age of 68.
Cheese analogue

Cheese analogues are substitutes of cheese that are made to imitate the taste and the look of real cheese. Such substitutes replace the dairy milk by other plant-based ingredients. The fat in the milk is replaced by other kinds of fat of animal or plant origin. Sometimes the proteins found in milk are also replaced by proteins from other sources. Cheese analogues are usually used because of health reasons, for example lactose intolerance. They are also used as a personal choice (e.g. veganism, or for religious reasons). In most cases, Cheese analogue is kosher.
Cheese analogue cost less to make than real cheese. By carefully choosing the ingredients in the analogue, other characteristics such as the melting temperature and the taste can be changed. Flavour enhancers can be added to make the product taste similar to Parmesan, feta or Camembert cheese, for example. Food coloring is used to match the color of a cheese product. Real cheese undergoes a ripening process, cheese analogues do not have this: Usually, vegetable oil is heated, and mixed with a premade powder and water. Flavour enhancers are added. After cooling, the product is ready for packaging.
In Europe, cheese analogue is used for gastronomy and in bakeries; In the United States, it is marketed as a replacement for real cheese. The arguments used cater to people who do not want to use real cheese for personal reasons, or that cannot use it for health reasons.
Pilot (disambiguation)

A pilot is a person who drives a vehicle.
Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden

Ramsau (Bavarian: Ramsau bei Berchtesgoan) is a municipality in the Bavarian Alps. It is located on the Konigssee in Berchtesgadener Land, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria. It is close to the border with Austria, south of Salzburg and south-east of Munich. It is situated north of the Berchtesgaden National Park.
Owosso Township, Michigan

Owosso Township, formally named Owosso Charter Township, is a charter township of Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,821 at the 2010 census. The township borders the city of Owosso.
Emil Wojtaszek

Emil Wojtaszek (27 August 1927 - 17 June 2017) was a Polish politician. He served as the minister of foreign affairs of the People's Republic of Poland from 1976 to 1980. He was a member of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was born in Krakow, Poland.
Wojtaszek died on 17 June 2017 in Warsaw, aged 89.
Mike Evans (actor)

Mike Evans (November 3, 1949 - December 14, 2006) was an American actor who is known for playing Lionel Jefferson on All in the Family and The Jeffersons. Mike Evans stopped playing Lionel Jefferson after the first season of The Jeffersons but came back to play Lionel for seasons six, seven, and eight. Evans helped write the sitcom Good Times. Evans died of throat cancer in 2006 at age 57.
Federico Barocci

Federico Barocci, born Federico Fiori (born 1535 or 1536 in Urbino, died 1612) was an important Italian painter. He is also known as Fiori da Urbino. His real name was Federico Fiori. His style is between that of Mannerism and Baroque.
Frank Popper

Frank Popper (April 17, 1918 - July 12, 2020) was a French historian of art and technology. He was Professor Emeritus of Aesthetics and the Science of Art at the University of Paris VIII. He was author of the books: Origins and Development of Kinetic Art, Art, Action, and Participation, Art of the Electronic Age and From Technological to Virtual Art.
He turned 100 in April 2018. Popper died on July 12, 2020 in Lugano, Switzerland at the age of 102.
Michael Clarke Duncan

Michael Clarke Duncan (December 10, 1957 - September 3, 2012) was an American actor who starred in movies and was a guest on television shows including: Two and a Half Men, The Suite Life of Zack and Cody, CSI: NY and Chuck.
Before movies
Before he became an actor, Duncan was a bodyguard for celebrities including: LL Cool J, Jamie Foxx, Martin Lawrence, Will Smith and The Notorious B.I.G.. He quit because when his friend covered for him while watching Notorious B.I.G., Biggie died that night.
Movies
Duncan became friends with Bruce Willis while he was acting with him in the movie Armageddon, This helped him get the role of "John Coffey" in The Green Mile. After getting that role he became a breakout star. He played the Kingpin in the movie Daredevil.
Health problems and death
Duncan had a heart attack on July 13, 2012 and was rushed to the hospital. On September 3, 2012, his publicist quoted Duncan's former fiancee, Omarosa Manigault Newman as saying that Duncan had died that morning at the age of 54.
Premier League

The Premier League, commonly known as the English Premier League, or the EPL (formerly called the Barclays Premier League due to sponsorship reasons and before 2007 the Premiership) is the top tier of English football. 20 teams compete in the Premier League each season, which is usually played between August and May. Each season, 38 games are played (playing all 19 other teams home and away). For historic reasons, a few clubs from Wales also compete in the English football system.
The competition started in 1992, after 22 clubs from the Football League First Division decided to break away from The Football League (now the EFL). The Premier League has since become the world's most watched sporting league. It is the world's most lucrative football league, with combined club revenues of PS1.93 billion ($3.15bn) in 2007-08. It is also ranked second by UEFA's Association Ranking, behind La Liga.
2022-23 season
Twenty clubs competed in the 2022-23 Premier League, with three promoted from the Championship:
Burnley, Watford, and Norwich City were relegated to the EFL Championship for the 2022-23 season, while Fulham, Bournemouth and Nottingham Forest, as winners, runners-up and play-off final winners, respectively, were promoted from the 2021-22 season.
Only two clubs have remained in the Premier League since their first promotion: Brentford and Brighton & Hove Albion, who have been in 2 and 6 seasons (out of 31), respectively.
Sankt Veit in Defereggen

Sankt Veit in Defereggen is a municipality of the district of Lienz in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Alvin Ailey

Alvin Ailey (January 5, 1931 - December 1, 1989) was an American ballet dancer and choreographer. He was born in Rogers, Texas.
Mick Staton

David Michael Staton (February 11, 1940 - April 14, 2014), better known as Mick Staton, was an American politician for the Republican Party. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives serving West Virginia's 3rd District from 1981 until 1983. He was born in Parkersburg, West Virginia.
Staton died on April 14, 2014 in Winchester, Virginia, aged 74. He was outlived by his wife and two adult children.
La Plaine-sur-Mer

La Plaine-sur-Mer is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Phobos

Phobos (Greek for "fear", is the root word of phobia) is one of the sons of Ares and Aphrodite in Greek mythology and the twin brother of Deimos. He is known as the god of fear, panic, flight and battlefield rout. He went with his father into battle, driving his chariot and spreading fear in his path. As a son of Aphrodite, goddess of love, each twin also represented the fear of loss.
The larger and innermost of Mars' two moons was named after him, and the other was named after Deimos.
Ernesto Canto

Ernesto Canto Gudino (18 October 1959 - 20 November 2020) was a Mexican race walker. He mainly competed in the 20 kilometer walk. Canto was born in Mexico City. He competed for Mexico at the 1984 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, United States where he won the gold medal in the men's 20 kilometer walk event.
Canto died on 20 November 2020 at the age of 61 from pancreatic and liver cancer in Mexico City, aged 61.
Ohio Players

The Ohio Players were a funk and R&B band from the United States. The group formed in 1959. They were best known for the songs "Fire", "Funky Worm" and "Love Rollercoaster". This group was most popular in the 1970s. They were from Dayton, Ohio.
The group's first big song was "Funky Worm". The song hit the Top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100. It also hit #1 on the Billboard R&B chart.
They had seven Top 40 songs between 1973 and 1976. The songs included "Fire" in 1975 and "Love Rollercoaster" in 1976.
Natural person

In jurisprudence, a natural person is a real human being in contrast to an artificial person, meaning an organization that the law treats for some purposes as if it were a person distinct from its members or owner.
For example, the right to vote is given to natural persons only. That is the case for most of the human rights. Therefore, obviously a corporation cannot hold public office, but it can file a lawsuit.
Although science fiction has long fantasized about the possibility of sentient robots (e.g. androids) living among humans (such as Robin Williams Bicentennial Man), no court has yet dealt with the question of whether such a being would be considered a natural person.