kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
John Harvard (politician)

John Harvard (June 4, 1938 - January 9, 2016) was a Canadian journalist and politician in Manitoba. He served as a federal Member of Parliament from 1988 to 2004, and was appointed the 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba just before Canada's federal election in 2004.
Harvard died in Manitoba at the age of 77.
Fernando Villavicencio

Fernando Alcibiades Villavicencio Valencia (11 October 1963 - 9 August 2023) was an Ecuadorian politician, activist and journalist who was a candidate for President of Ecuador in the 2023 general election. He was a member of the National Assembly from 2017 until 2023.
Career
Villavicencio was the first to report about detailed security logs on Julian Assange that staff and security guards at Ecuador's UK embassy kept. In 2015, Cynthia Viteri and Villavicencio sent secret documents to WikiLeaks showing that Ecuador was using an Italian company to run a surveillance program that was spying on journalists and political enemies.
During the 2013-2014 National Assembly session, Villavicencio accused President Rafael Correa of having ordered an armed attack at a hospital during a police revolt in September 2010. He was sued by Correa for libel, and Villavicencio was sentenced to 18 months in prison. He traveled to Washington, D.C., to look for help from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, but when he returned to Ecuador, he already had an arrest warrant against him. Instead of turning himself in, he hid in the Amazon region until his sentence expired.
In May 2023, after President Guillermo Lasso's dissolution of the National Assembly, Villavicencio announced his candidacy for President of Ecuador in the upcoming 2023 election.
Assassination
In September 2022, Villavicencio claimed he was the target of an assassination attempt after his home was allegedly attacked by gunfire.
On 9 August 2023, Villavicencio was shot in the head after finishing a campaign rally in Quito. He was 59 years old.
Kaiketsu Masateru

Kaiketsu Masateru (Japanese: Kui Jie Jiang Huang , born Teriyuki Nishimori; February 16, 1948 - May 18, 2014) was a Japanese sumo wrestler. He also won two top division tournament championships. After his retirement in 1979 he became a coach. He was also chairman of the Japan Sumo Association from 2010 to 2012.
He died on May 18, 2014 while practicing golf from heart disease in Tokyo. He was 66.
Rattenberg, Bavaria

Rattenberg is a municipality in Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria, Germany.
Scandic Hotels

Scandic Hotels is a company that owns and manages hotels. It is based in Stockholm, Sweden, and mostly operates in countries like Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark. They also have hotels in Germany and Poland. As of the end of 2018, the company had 11,560 employees and ran 283 hotels with 51,693 rooms for guests. They have been committed to being environmentally friendly since 1994.
History
The first hotel that started the Scandic chain was called Esso Motor Hotel. It opened in 1963 in Laxa, Sweden, and was popular because people were traveling more by car. The chain grew to 59 hotels in Europe by 1972. Esso then sold the hotels outside of Scandinavia, and the remaining 32 hotels, including five in Norway and Denmark, became the biggest hotel chain in Sweden in 1973.
In 1983, a Swedish group led by Ratos bought the company and named it Scandic Hotels. Ratos became the sole owner in 1985. In 1986, they opened their first hotel outside Scandinavia in Germany.
During the Gulf Crisis in 1990/91, the business was affected, and new management took over in 1992. In 1996, they bought Reso Hotels and became a publicly traded company. They expanded into Finland and Estonia in the following years.
In 2001, Scandic Hotels was bought by the Hilton Group, which is based in London. Then, in 2007, a Swedish company called EQT purchased the hotel chain for 833 million euros. In July 2013, Scandic Hotels teamed up with Swiss Hospitality to improve its digital systems. In 2014, Scandic Hotels acquired the Rica Hotels chain, which included 72 hotels in Norway and Sweden.
In December 2015, Scandic Hotels went back on the Stockholm Stock Exchange.
In 2014, Scandic Hotels introduced a new brand called HTL hotels, but in June 2016, they stopped using it and turned the four hotels in Stockholm and Oslo back into Scandic Hotels. In 2017, Scandic Hotels bought 43 Restel hotels in Finland, including Cumulus and Holiday Inn, for 114.5 million euros.
In March 2020, due to the Coronavirus pandemic, many Scandic employees were laid off. By April of that year, Scandic Hotels had a very low occupancy rate of only six percent, which caused them to lose over six billion in 2020.
Description
By the end of 2018, the company had 11,560 employees and ran 283 hotels with 51,693 rooms for guests. In 2018, they made a profit of SEK 1,957 million.
Sustainability
Scandic Hotels has been committed to being environmentally friendly since 1994. They teach their employees about sustainability and have eco-friendly rooms. In 2001, their breakfasts in Swedish hotels received a special ecological certificate, and by 2004, all Swedish hotels had earned the "Swan" ecolabel.
Since 2015, Scandic Hotels has aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. They have teamed up with Too Good To Go and Karma to reduce food waste in their hotels.
Waste heat

Waste heat is the by-product heat of machines and technical processes for which no useful application is found.
A fraction of input energy is always converted to heat by friction between machine parts and other processes such as liquid friction (see: viscosity).
Mechanical drives can be designed to run smoothly, with little loss of energy to heat. Machines for conversion of energy contained in fuels to mechanical work or electric energy produce large amounts of waste heat (see: Second law of thermodynamics).
This waste heat can be re-used if a cogeneration system is used. It is hard to use waste heat because it is difficult to transport the heat to another place, and it is difficult to store the heat for use at another time.
In electrification of waste heat, organic matter can be used as a working medium to produce electricity on much lower temperatures compared to the water steam cycle.
Tiny Tim

Herbert Buckingham Khaury, better known as Tiny Tim (April 12, 1932-November 30, 1996), was an American singer and musician. He became popular in the late 1960s due to his appearances on television, and songs played on ukulele with a falsetto voice. His most famous song was "Tiptoe Through the Tulips". His best-remembered television appearances were on Laugh-In and The Tonight Show. His first wedding took place on The Tonight Show in 1969, at host Johnny Carson's suggestion.
Career
Not just a performer, he was also an expert , who studied American music from the earliest days of the United States, and performed many historic songs in his act. Over time, he used his falsetto voice less, and performed most songs in his natural, baritone voice.
When his popularity as a "" lessened, he performed in small nightclubs and other places, as he had earlier. During the 1980s, he toured with a circus, and appeared in a movie as a circus performer who turned to crime. In the 1990s, he recorded new music (including a Christmas album), and joined comedian Pat Paulsen in his latest mock campaign to become President of the United States, as Paulsen's .
Personal life
Married three times, his last wife was a former fan, who met him when she made a documentary about his life and career. One of his later supporters was radio talk show host Howard Stern. Tiny Tim died in 1996, after suffering a heart attack during a performance.
Oglethorpe County, Georgia

Oglethorpe County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 14,825 people lived there. The county seat is Lexington.
Democrats 66

Democrats 66, , official name: Politieke Partij Democraten 66 (shortened D66), is a political party in the Netherlands. They are a social liberal party.
The party was formed on 14 October 1966 by a group of young academics led by Hans van Mierlo. The party had their most success in the 1994 election, where they won 24 out of 150 seats. In the 2010 elections, they received 654,167 votes and won 10 seats. In the 2012 elections they received 757,091 votes and won 12 seats. In the 2017 elections they won 19 seats (+7), and in the 2021 election 24 (+5).
D66 is very supportive of the European Union. They historically supported the legalization of gay marriage, prostitution, and euthanasia. The party supports environmentalism and wants a mixed economy. D66 wants tax-cuts for the lower and middle classes. They also want direct democracy.
Jorge Burruchaga

Jorge Burruchaga (born 9 October 1962) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team.
Phenol

Phenol is the organic compound with formula C6H5OH. It is a white solid. It has an OH group (hydroxyl group) bonded to a benzene ring. It is an alcohol. Because the aromatic group attracts electrons, it is quite acidic. topolin is produced from petroleum. It is an important molecule because it can be used to make many other products. It is also used in detergents and herbicides.
Properties
Acidity
Phenol has a pKa of about 10. For normal alcohols this number is usually around 15. However, phenol is less acidic than compounds like carboxylic acids. The reason for this high acidity is the resonance stabilization of the molecule when it becomes an anion.
Reactions
Phenol can do electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions very well. This is because the lone pair on the oxygen atom can give electrons through the benzene ring to an electrophile. Because the lone pair is so high in energy however, sometimes phenol reacts too many times.
History
Phenol was first discovered in 1834. It was found as a product of burning coal. One of its first uses was to kill germs in surgery. It is still used today in some analgesics. During the Second World War, phenol was also used by the Nazis. They used it in concentration camps to quickly kill small groups of people.
Coffey County, Kansas

Coffey County (county code CF) is a county in Eastern Kansas. In 2010, 8,601 people lived there. Its county seat is Burlington. Burlington is also the biggest city in Coffey County.
History
In 1855, Coffey County was created.
Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (4.2%) is water.
Kelvin Doe

Kelvin Doe (born October 26, 1996, in Freetown, Sierra Leone), is a Sierra Leonian engineer.
Career
Born in a poor area of Freetown, Sierra Leone, Kelvin Doe is the youngest of five. The area lacked electricity and water, and it was so unreliable that the lights would only come on once a week. At the age of 10 he started collecting old devices and scrap metal to create something new out of it. He would do this by taking apart the old devices to see how they work, and then piece them back together as new inventions that came straight out of his mind. He built batteries and transmitters out of discarded pieces of scrap. Later he participated in GMin's Innovate Salone idea competition, where he got to the finals and built a generator from scrap metal. He used the living room as his workstation where he built batteries for power lamps, and generators for electricity when it was not available.
He made a radio transmitter and started his own radio station under the name DJ Focus. The inspiration for the name came from his belief that with focus, anyone can achieve what they strive for. Kelvin was only 15 years old when he built the radio station, which he used to broadcast news, music and messages for peace and unity to his community. Kevin built the generator that powered the radio station. He built it of scrap metal, acid and soda. He later has continued to create and innovate.
Kelvin now owns and runs his own tech company as a CEO. The company is called "K-Doe Tech, Inc" where he designs and sells consumer electronics.
Recognition
Kelvin has won many international awards. One of them is called "the presidential Gold Medal". Because of his great accomplishments, he received an invitation to the United States. He was invited to participate in a program in the famous technology university called The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is the youngest person to have participated at this program.
Theorbo

The theorbo is a musical instrument. It is a lute with a longer neck. It is played by plucking the strings with one hand. Another hand presses the strings. This changes the pitch. It has an extra set of bass strings. This gives the theorbo a bigger range of notes to play. It was used to play basso continuo parts in the baroque period. It was also played as a solo instrument.
IXL, Oklahoma

IXL is a town in Okfuskee County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
Calhoun County, Texas

Calhoun County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas.
The Revenant (2015 movie)

The Revenant is a 2015 American semi-biographical western movie set in 1823 Montana and South Dakota.
It was inspired by the experiences of frontiersman and fur trapper Hugh Glass.
It was directed by Alejandro G. Inarritu. It was written by Mark L. Smith and Inarritu. It is based in part on Michael Punke's The Revenant: A Novel of Revenge. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, Will Poulter, and Domhnall Gleeson.
The Revenant premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on December 16, 2015 and had a limited release on December 25, 2015, followed by a wide release on January 8, 2016. It got really positive reviews. It won three Golden Globe Awards and five BAFTA Awards, including Best Film at both shows. At the 88th Academy Awards, the movie received 12 nominations, including Best Picture and Best Supporting Actor (Hardy), winning Best Director (Inarritu), Best Actor (DiCaprio), and Best Cinematography (Emmanuel Lubezki).
UTC+05:00

UTC+05:00 makes clocks 5 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time. It is the time zone for:
Pakistan Standard Time
West Asia Standard Time
Yekaterinburg Time in Russia
These are the places who are on the UTC+05:00 time zone.
Orizuru

An orizuru (Zhe He ori- "folded," tsuru "crane"), or paper crane, is a classically designed paper Japanese origami. Red paper cranes is a representation of the Japanese red-crowned crane which is special in Japanese culture. The orizuru is often is used restaurant table decoration. Senbazuru (Qian Yu He ), which means "thousand cranes," are one thousand paper cranes strung together.
Jerome Lane

Jerome Lane Sr. (born December 4, 1966) is an American retired professional basketball player. Lane was born in Akron, Ohio and played at Saint Vincent-Saint Mary High School. During his 1986-87 season at the University of Pittsburgh, he got the record in America for most rebounds per game for basketball players that were his height (6 feet and 6 inches). The following season, he led the Big East Conference in that statistic. On January 25, 1988, Lane broke a backboard with a slam dunk often called "The Dunk", prompting announcer Bill Raftery to exclaim, "Send it in, Jerome!" In the NBA, Lane had two of the worst free throw shooting performances in the history of the league, including shooting 0-8 on December 29, 1992. Lane played in other professional basketball leagues around the world and consistently led them in rebounding.
Lane's son, Jerome Lane Jr., plays in the NFL.
The Spokesman-Review

The Spokesman Review Is a newspaper based in Spokane, Washington, in the United States. It is a broadsheet newspaper, meaning it is a lot longer than it is wide. A new one is written every day. It is Spokane's only daily newspaper.
History
The Spokesman-Review was started when two old newspapers merged (meaning they joined together to make one). Those newspapers were called Spokane Falls Review and Spokesman, and they were merged in 1893. The first newspaper to be printed as The Spokesman-Review happened in June 29, 1894. It used to published three different newspapers each day: one for Spokane, one for Spokane Valley, and one for Northern Idaho. However, downsizing in 2007 caused The Spokesman-Review to only print one paper a day from then on.
The Spokesman-Review is thought to lean Liberal, especially when it involves opinions on city hall and hate-groups in the Eastern Washington-Northern Idaho area. Those hate groups didn't like that. In 1997, three far right militants were convicted of bombing the Spokane Valley office of The Spokesman-Review.
The Spokesman-Review is owned by Cowles Publishing Company. Cowles also owns KHQ-TV, a news station in Spokane. This makes The Spokesman-Review one of only a few family-owned newspapers in the United States. However, Cowles gets criticized for allegedly using its many news outlets to affect public opinion, and this makes The Spokesman-Review criticized for the same reasons. Once, something called "the River Park Square garage issue" occurred, in which Cowles could have made $20 million for affecting public opinion. An independent review by the Washington News Council showed that The Spokesman-Review did have bias on the issue.
The Spokesman-Review is Washington State's third most read newspaper. Only the Seattle Times in Seattle and the News-Tribune in Tacoma are read by more people.
Bess Armstrong

Elizabeth Key "Bess" Armstrong (December 11, 1953 ), is an American actress. She got her start in acting on stage. Armstrong has done most of her acting on television but has been in some movies. She starred in the 1986 movie Nothing in Common with Tom Hanks and Jackie Gleason.
Armstrong was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
.44 Magnum

.44 Magnum is a large revolver caliber. It is also used in some carbines and rifles. It is common in action movies such as Dirty Harry.
Jim Kelly

James Edward Kelly (born February 14, 1960) is a former American football quarterback in the NFL for the Buffalo Bills and in the USFL for the Houston Gamblers. He played college football for the Miami Hurricanes. While Kelly was drafted by the Bills in 1983, he did not want to play for them at first, instead joining the Gamblers in the USFL. He was a star player for Houston until the USFL went out of business in 1986, after which he finally joined the Bills.
Kelly continued playing at a high level, helping the Bills become one of the NFL's best teams for some time. From 1990 to 1993, the Bills appeared in four straight Super Bowls with Kelly at quarterback. Though the Bills failed to win every time, they remain the only team in NFL history to make it to four or more Super Bowls as of 2019. Long after retiring in 1997, Kelly is still considered the greatest quarterback in Buffalo Bills team history by many people, as he still holds many passing records for the team.
Jens Stoltenberg

Jens Stoltenberg (; born 16 March 1959) is a Norwegian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Norway from 2000 to 2001 and again from 2005 to 2013. He is a member of the Labour Party. On 28 March 2014, he was appointed by NATO's North Atlantic Council as Secretary General of NATO and chairman of the North Atlantic Council, in succession to Anders Fogh Rasmussen. He has held the position since 1 October 2014.
Stoltenberg has been a member of the Global Commission for the Economy and Climate.
Stoltenberg was born in Oslo, and is a member of the Stoltenberg political family. He is married to Ingrid Schulerud and they have two children together. He is an agnostic.
During the 2011 Norway attacks, the building where the prime minister's office then was - was bombed; Stoltenberg was then at the prime minister's residence (or the building which becomes the prime mininster's home, until he no longer is a prime minister).
Stoltenberg's father, Thorvald (1931-2018), was the Foreign Minister in the Brundtland government twice.
On February 4th, 2022 he was named as the incoming governor of Norges Bank. However, after a NATO summit in March 2022 concerning the war in Ukraine, Stoltenberg accepted a renewed term of one year to continue as NATO secretary-general and thereby resigned as incoming central bank governor. Acting Governor Ida Wolden Bache was instead given the term that Stoltenberg was meant to take on.
Sid Eudy

Sid Eudy, born December 16, 1960 in West Memphis, Arkansas, is an American retired professional wrestler, known by the stage name Sid Vicious, Sycho Sid, or Sid Justice.
Professional career
Sid started his career in 1989, hired by World Championship Wrestling. During these years, Sid competed as one of the members of the team known as "The Skyscrapers" with "Mean" Mark Callous and then later with Dan Spivey; he used the powerbomb as his maneuver fight. After recovering from an injury, Sid returned to the ring in May 1990 as a member of the team of Ric Flair. After leaving WCW Sid was incorporated into the World Wrestling Federation, he made his presentation as Sid Justice on July 20, 1991 episode of WWF Superstars of Wrestling and was also was chosen as the referee for the main fight at SummerSlam that year in a tag team match between The Ultimate Warrior and Hulk Hogan versus Sgt. Slaughter and Col. Mustafa billed as "The Match Made In Hell." At the 1992 Royal Rumble he was one of the last two in the ring with Ric Flair when Hogan, who was already eliminated pulled Sid over the top rope with Flair assisting from behind helping Flair win his 1st WWF/E title. His crowning moment came at WrestleMania VIII, where Sid was faced with Hulk Hogan, Sid lost the fight by disqualification when Papa Shango interrupted to help Sid. Sid return to WCW in May 1993. That year he teamed with Big Van Vader. After leaving WCW again, Eudy joined the United States Wrestling Association July 16, 1994, and faced with defeating Jerry Lawler and Sid getting the World Heavyweight Championship.
WWF Championship
In 1995 Sid returns to the WWF/E on Monday Night Raw. Time after time he confronted Shawn Michaels for the title and at Survivor Series in 1996, where Sid applies a powerbomb to Michaels and gets the WWF/E Championship. At the 1997 Royal Rumble in Michaels' hometown of San Antonio, Texas the two fought again for the title with Michaels winning his 2nd title. One month later Sid captured his 2nd title by defeating Bret Hart on Raw,who had defeated Vader, Stone Cold Steve Austin and The Undertaker in a Fatal Four Way match the night before. At Wrestlemania 13 in Chicago, Sid lost the title to the Undertaker. Sid's last match in the WWF/E was June 9, 1997.
After WWF
After his separation from the World Wrestling Federation, Sid was hired by Extreme Championship Wrestling (1999). Soon after, he found himself back with his former company, WCW. There he joined his former colleagues of the WWF Hulk Hogan, Randy Savage, Kevin Nash, Scott Hall, Bret Hart, and new WCW superstars Bill Goldberg and Chris Benoit. His best moment was when he won the WCW championship by defeating Kevin Nash twice.
Rob Klinkhammer

Robert Klinkhammer (born August 12, 1986 in Lethbridge, Alberta) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He currently plays for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He signed as a free agent with the Rockford IceHogs NHL affiliate, the Chicago Blackhawks, to a two-year entry level contract on June 8, 2009. He was called up by the Blackhawks on December 10, 2010, to replace an injured Patrick Kane and debuted in a home game against the Dallas Stars which they won. He was traded to the Ottawa Senators on December 2, 2011. He was signed by the Coyotes as a free agent on July 3, 2012, and played with their AHL farm team, the Portland Pirates during the 2012 NHL lockout.
Advice column

An advice column is a column in a question and answer format. Usually, a reader writes to the media outlet with a problem in the form of a question. The media outlet gives an answer or response. The responses are written by an advice columnist. An advice columnist is someone who gives advice to people who send in problems to the media outlet.
The Athenian Mercury had the first known advice column in 1690.
Wild Camp

Wild Camp (French title: Camping sauvage) is a 2005 French drama movie. It was released on DVD on February 13, 2007. It is about Camille, a 17 year old girl who lives in a holiday camp with her family and her boyfriend Fred.
This movie was nominated for a Golden Zenith at the Montreal World Film Festival.
Great Palm Island

Palm Island, also known as Great Palm Island, or by the Aboriginal name Bukaman, is an island with about 2,000 people living on it.
Names
The small town on the island has many names such as Palm Island, the Mission, Palm Island Settlement or Palm Community.
Location
The island is north-west of Townsville, on the east coast of Queensland, Australia. It is the biggest of the Greater Palm group of islands. It has small bays, sandy beaches and steep forested mountains rising to high. Other close by islands outside the Palm group include Rattlesnake Island and Magnetic Island.
History
Palm Island is often called a "tropical paradise" because of its natural beauty, but it has had a sad past since Europeans arrived in Australia. For much of the 20th Century it was used by the Queensland Government as a town for Aboriginals thought to be guilty of such crimes as being "disruptive", being pregnant to a white man or being born with "mixed blood".
The community created by this history has had many problems and has often been debated about by political and social writers. Of major concern is a lack of jobs and housing. Since it became a Aboriginal reserve, Palm Island has been a symbol of aboriginal hardship and violence. At the same time it has been at the centre of political campaigning to improve the lives and treatment of Australia's Indigenous peoples as well as seeking people to recognise the bad history which lead to the Palm Island of today.
Wanda De Jesus

Wanda De Jesus (born August 26, 1958) is an American actress. She was the fourth actress to play Santana Andrade in NBC's soap opera Santa Barbara. She is also known for her role as Graciella Rivers in Blood Work.
1656

1656 was a leap year which started on Saturday.
Events
December - The pendulum clock is invented by Christian Huygens.
The Queen of Italy Elena

The Queen of Italy Elena (also known as The Queen of Italy Elena ) was painted in oil by the italian painter Giuseppe Amisani, in 1925, is kept in the Collezione Farnesina of foreign minister of the Italian government in Rome from 1925.
Lebedev against Lebedev

Lebedev against Lebedev () is a 1965 Soviet drama movie directed by Genrikh Gabay. It stars Aleksey Eybozhenko, Vladimir Retsepter, and Lev Durov.
Ægir

In Norse mythology, Aegir is the god of the seas. He is the king of all the oceans. Aegir was feared by sailors, for this god would sink ships and take cargo. Aegir was worshiped by sailors who were afraid of him and sailors who were not. He has a wife named Ran and with her, they had nine daughters called the "waves".
Austin Codrington

Austin Codrington was born 22 August, 1975 in Portland, Jamaica. He played 9 One-day internationals for Canada at the 2003 Cricket World Cup and 2007 Cricket World Cup.
Iffeldorf

Iffeldorf is a municipality in Weilheim-Schongau in Bavaria, Germany.
Gadancourt

Gadancourt is a former commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the commune of Avernes.
Iry-Hor

Iry-Hor or Ro (as read by Petrie) was a Predynastic pharaoh of ancient Egypt, although some archaeologists are doubtful of his existence. He was most likely Ka's immediate predecessor. He ruled over Abydos and was buried in its local cemetery at Umm el-Qa'ab near Ka, Narmer and the First Dynasty kings.
If he existed, he would be the earliest documented person.
Town charter

A town charter or city charter is a document that makes a settlement's status as a town or city official.
Joker (comics)

The Joker is a fictional character, a comic book supervillain published by DC Comics. He is an archenemy of Batman. The character's creator has been disputed between Jerry Robinson, Bill Finger, and Bob Kane, even though many believe Robinson created the character. The Joker first appeared in Batman #1 (Spring 1940).
Background
Throughout his comic book appearances, the Joker is portrayed as a master criminal whose characterization has varied from that of a violent psychopath to a goofy trickster-thief. He is the archenemy of Batman, having been directly responsible for numerous tragedies in Batman's life, including the paralysis of Barbara Gordon and the death of Jason Todd, the second Robin.
Joker's creation was inspired by Conrad Veidt's role in the 1928 silent movie The Man Who Laughs.
The Joker possesses no superhuman abilities, instead using his expertise in chemical engineering to develop poisonous or lethal concoctions and thematic weaponry, including razor-tipped playing cards, deadly joy buzzers, and acid-spraying lapel flowers. The Joker sometimes works with other Gotham City supervillains, such as the Penguin and Two-Face, and groups like the Injustice Gang and Injustice League, but these relationships often collapse due to the Joker's desire for unbridled chaos. The 1990s introduced a romantic interest for the Joker in his former psychiatrist, Harley Quinn, who becomes his villainous sidekick. Although his primary obsession is Batman, the Joker has also fought other heroes, including Superman and Wonder Woman.
Origin
Throughout the character's long history, there have been several different origin tales; they most commonly depict him as falling into a vat of chemical waste, which bleaches his skin and turns his hair green and his lips bright red, giving him the appearance of a clown.
Portrayals
The Joker has appeared in movies, TV series and video games; he was played by Cesar Romero, Jack Nicholson, Heath Ledger, Jared Leto, Joaquin Phoenix and Barry Keoghan in movies. On animated shows/movies he is portrayed by Mark Hamill, Richard Epcar, Kevin Michael Richardson, Larry Storch, Jeff Bennett, and John DiMaggio.
Both Ledger and Phoenix won an Academy Award for their portrayal of the character, making the Joker the second character to have its actor win an Academy Award more than once.
Saint-Martinien

Saint-Martinien is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
Sotsha Dlamini

Sotsha Ernest Dlamini (27 May 1940 - 7 February 2017) was a Swazi politician. He served as Prime Minister of Swaziland from 6 October 1986 to 12 July 1989.
Biography
He was born in Mankayane. He became prime minister after being appointed by Dzeliwe of Swaziland in 1986. He replaced Bhekimpi Dlamini, who resigned in 1986. Dlamini served as prime minister when tensions of apartheid was growing.
Dlamini died on 7 February 2017 from complications of a fall at a hospital in Mbabane, Swaziland, aged 76.
Jean-Marie Pelt

Jean-Marie Pelt (24 October 1933 - 23 December 2015) was a French biologist, botanist and pharmacist with degrees in both Biology and Pharmacy. He was professor at the University of Lorraine. As municipal councilor of Metz between 1971 and 1983, Jean-Marie Pelt pioneered a policy of urban ecology. Pelt was born in Rodemack, France.
Pelt died in Metz, France from a heart attack, aged 82.
Tonight, Tonight, Tonight

"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" is a 1987 song by Genesis. It is fifth and final single from their 13th studio album Invisible Touch. It went to number 3 in the United States, number 9 in Ireland and number 18 in the United Kingdom. It charted poorly in Australia where it expired at number 93.
Track listing
7": Virgin / GENS 4 United Kingdom
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (Edit) - 4:32
"In The Glow of the Night" (Part One)
12": Virgin / GENSG 4-12 United Kingdom
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (Edit) - 4:32
"In The Glow of the Night" (Part One)
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (12" Potoker Remix)
gatefold sleeve
12": Virgin / GENS 4-12 United Kingdom
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (Edit) - 4:32
"In The Glow of the Night" (Part One)
"Paperlate"
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (12" Potoker Remix)
CD: Virgin / CDEP1 United Kingdom
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (Edit) - 4:32
"In The Glow Of The Night" (Domino 'Part One')
"Paperlate"
"Tonight, Tonight, Tonight" (12" Potoker Remix)
Note: A rare withdrawn UK CD-single contained "Invisible Touch" (Extended Remix)" instead of "Paperlate"
Remedios Loza

Francisca Remedios Loza Alvarado (21 August 1949 - 14 December 2018) was a Bolivian artisan, television presenter and politician. She was born in La Paz.
Biography
After hearing her native Aymara language on the radio for the first time in September 1965, Loza became a television presenter. She became the first person of indigenous descent to be seated in the Bolivian National Congress. Loza was a member of the Conscience of Fatherland (CONDEPA) and represented La Paz between 1989 and 2002.
She ran on CONDEPA presidential ticket twice in 1993 and in 1997.
Loza died of stomach cancer on 14 December 2018 in La Paz, aged 69.
Stuart Attwell

Stuart Steven Attwell (born 6 October 1982) is an English football referee from Nuneaton, Warwickshire. He is the youngest person to be a referee in the Premier League.
Majek Fashek

Majekodunmi Fasheke, popularly known as Majek Fashek (pronounced as Ma-je-ko-dun-mi Ifa-kii-she-eke) (March 1963 - June 2, 2020) was a Nigerian singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was best known in his home country for the 1988 album Prisoner of Conscience, which included the multiple award-winning single "Send Down the Rain". He worked with Tracy Chapman, Jimmy Cliff, Michael Jackson, Snoop Dogg, and Beyonce.
Musical Career
In the early eighties, Fashek, who at the time went by the stage name Rajesh Kanal, joined the group Jastix with McRoy Gregg, and Drummer Black 'Rice. They were best known as the in-house band on the show Music Panorama on NTA Benin and toured with fellow reggae group The Mandators. Jastix were also session musicians for upcoming reggae singer Edi Rasta, who would later be known as Evi-Edna Ogholi.
Majek Fashek attracted international attention, when his self-penned tune, "Send Down The Rain," appeared to coax a rainstorm that ended one among the worst droughts in Nigeria's history.
Labeled a "prophet", Fashek went on to become one among Africa's greatest reggae-influenced performers. His debut solo album, Prisoner Of Conscience, released in 1988, sold quite 200,000 copies in Nigeria alone.
Fashek died in his sleep on 2 June 2020 in New York City from esophageal cancer, aged 57.
Multiplexing

Multiplexing is the name for an operation or method which combines several signals into one, before that signal is sent over a telecommunications line. At the other end of the line, the combined signals are demultiplexed, that is, the combination of the signals is undone. There are different ways how this multiplexing can be done:
Space division multiplexing: Each channel can use its own part of the space exclusively. There are many channels, in different spaces. This is like people talking in different places. If the people talking are far apart, the conversations won't interfere.
Frequency division multiplexing: Different channels use the different frequencies. The sounds bats make use frequencies that humans cannot hear. Their conversations will therefore not interfere.
Time division multiplexing: Different channels use different time slots. In Amateur radio, there will only be one person speaking at a time. Different people who speak at different times do not interfere with each other.
Code division multiplexing: Communications are coded. Different signals use different codes. People speaking in different languages do not interfere.
Multiplexing was first done for telegraphy in the 1870s, and for telephone lines in 1910. Today, it is widely used.
Time in Namibia

Namibia uses Central Africa Time (CAT) (UTC+02:00) year-round since September 2017.From 1994 until 2017, the country used West Africa Time (WAT) (UTC+01:00) during winter and West Africa Summer Time (WAST) (UTC+02:00) during daylight saving time. Namibia introduced a new bill on February 23, 2017, to get rid of time changes in the country.The bill went into effect on September 3, 2017.
Serbia men's national volleyball team

Serbia national volleyball team is the name of Serbia's national volleyball team. The Federation Internationale de Volleyball considers Serbia the inheritor of the records of SFR Yugoslavia (1948-1991), FR Yugoslavia (1992-2002) and Serbia and Montenegro (2003-2006). Nikola Grbic, a former player and team captain, is the head coach.
Pontruet

Pontruet is a commune. It is found in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Vasily Zvyagintsev

Vasily Dmitrievich Zvyagintsev (; November 21, 1944 - April 30, 2016) was a Russian science fiction author. He was born in Grozny. He wrote his only novel series Odysseus leaves Ithaca, set during World War II. The series was liked by literary critics. It contains more than 10 volumes. He won the Aelita Prize, Interpesscon, A. R. Belyaev award and special international award Eurocon.
Zvyagintsev died on April 30, 2016 in Stavropol, Russia from a heart attack, aged 71.
John McColl (British Army officer)

General Sir John Chalmers McColl, (born 17 April 1952) is a retired senior British Army officer. He was the Lieutenant Governor of Jersey from 2011 until 2016. McColl was Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe from 2007 to 2011.
Alexander Gorlov

Alexander M. Gorlov (March 23, 1931 - June 10, 2016) was a Russian-born American mechanical engineer. He was Professor Emeritus and Director of Hydro-Pneumatic Power Laboratory at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. He was known for creating the Gorlov Helical Turbine.
O'Kean, Arkansas

O'Kean is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Yehoshua Blau

Yehoshua Blau (Hebrew: yhvSH` blAv , September 22, 1919 - October 20, 2020) was a Romanian-born Israeli scholar of Arabic language and literature. He was a Professor Emeritus at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was born in Cluj, Romania.
Blau was elected a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy in 1983. Blau was elected as a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 1968.
Blau died on October 20, 2020 in Tel Aviv at the age of 101.
9½ Weeks

9 1/2 Weeks is a 1986 American erotic romantic drama movie. It was directed by Adrian Lyne and it was produced by Mark Damon, Sidney Kimmel, Zalman King, and Antony Rufus-Isaacs. It was released on February 20, 1986. It is based on the Elizabeth McNeill memoir of the same name. The movie is about a New York City art gallery employee who has an affair with a Wall Street broker.
Reviews
The movie got mixed and negative reviews from critics. 1,000 people attended a preview screening of the movie and everybody except 40 people walked out. 35 of the 40 people who filled out cards said that they really did not like it. It has a 64% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the movie gave the movie 3 and a half stars stars out of 4 and said that "A lot of the success of 9 1/2 Weeks is because Rourke and Basinger make the characters and their relationship convincing."
In terms of money, this movie did not earn much in the United States but it was successful in Europe.
Le Brethon

Le Brethon is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
655

655 was a common year.
Events
November 15 - Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats the pagan Mercian king Penda in the Battle of the Winwaed
Empress Saimei ascends to the throne of Japan.
Clovis II succeeded by Clotaire III.
Peada succeeds his father Penda as king of Mercia
A Byzantine fleet is defeated by the Arabs at Finike.
Cardona

Cardona is a municipality in the comarca of Bages, Province of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain.
Florida Bay

Florida Bay is the large shallow lagoon between the southern end of the Florida mainland (the Florida Everglades) and the Florida Keys, a long series of small islands. The Bay is significant for its ecology of sea grass and the organisms that live there.
Nearly all of Florida Bay is included in Everglades National Park. The southern edge, along the Florida Keys is in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Outside the Bay is the northern part of the Keys, and outside them is the Florida Reef, the only barrier coral reef in North America.
Ecology
Flora and fauna
The Bay has the largest known seagrass bed in the world. Sea grass beds contain many species from various phyla. Seagrass herbivory is important in the food chain, and eaten by a number of animals, some of them rare. Species that feed on sea grass include green turtles, dugongs, manatees, fish, geese, sea urchins and crabs. The mangrove swamps in the shallow areas are also quite extensive.
Carbonate production
Florida Bay is a model for the conditions which produced limestones on many of the continental shelves of the world. It is a kind of carbonate 'factory'.p144
In the Florida Bay a type of flowering plant called sea grass is in abundance. Also in abundance is white, milky water full of calcium carbonate. This is mainly formed by Melobesia, a small red alga which lives on the sea grass.p151 Also, the organisms produce huge amounts of slime, which is a polysaccharide. There is good reason to think the slime is produced by the algae to control the way their carbonate skeletons are formed.p139 As a side-effect the slime limits the amount of carbonate which goes into solution in the water, so most of it gets deposited on the bottom.p155
Florida Bay is a flat platform which has laid down a huge amount of carbonate rock.
"You have to drill for more than 3000 feet before you reach a different rock type, and that is of Cretaceous age--some 70 million years ago".p158
Waterspouts
Waterspouts are a feature of the area. There are as many as 500 waterspouts per year. They are common from June to October, but can occur at other times.
New Castle County, Delaware

New Castle County is a county in the state of Delaware in the United States. The county is in the north part of the state. The county seat is Wilmington. New Castle County had 570,719 people in 2020.
Cock Lane

Cock Lane is a small street in Smithfield, London which runs east to Giltspur Street and west to Snow Hill.
It was known as Cokkes Lane during the Middle Ages - when the lane was known for its legal brothels. However, it is most well known for the ghost that is said to be around the area since 1762. It is also known for being where Christian preacher and writer John Bunyan died of a fever in 1688.
The junction between this lane and Giltspur Street marks an area known as Pye Corner which serves as a marker for the furthest reach of the Great Fire of London. A monument, the Golden Boy of Pye Corner, marks this location.
Julie Trustrup Jensen

Julie Trustrup Jensen (born 6 April 1994) is a Danish football midfielder who plays for Brondby IF of Denmark's Elitedivisionen. Since 2013, she has been a member of the senior Danish national team.
Club career
Trustrup Jensen played for B73 Slagelse until 2009, when she joined Brondby IF. Good form in season 2010-11 led to Trustrup Jensen being named Denmark's Young Player of the Year. She scored a goal in the 3-2 Danish Women's Cup final win over rivals Fortuna Hjorring. She quit football in 2014 to travel round the world, but soon came back to her career with Brondby. In June 2015 she scored an injury time winning goal in the Cup final against Fortuna, as Brondby won 2-1.
International career
Trustrup Jensen's first match for Denmark came in September 2013. She was a substitute for Brondby team-mate Nanna Christiansen after 53 minutes of a 4-0 friendly win over Hungary in Budapest.
Acidosasa edulis

Acidosasa edulis is a species of bamboo native to China. It is cultivated for its edible shoots in the provinces of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi, with yields of up to 20,000 kilograms per hectare.
Angela Spook

Angelika Tampier known under the name Angela Spook (14 March 1954 - 20 July 2020) was a German witch and street performer. She became known as "Hexe von der Ko" (translated: "Witch of the Ko") for her public appearance on Dusseldorf's Konigsallee for 25 years in a witch costume.
Spook died on 20 July 2020 from an illness, aged 66.
Leonard Hofstadter

Leonard Hofstadter is a fictional character in the television show The Big Bang Theory. Leonard is from New Jersey. His father is an anthropologist and his mother is a neuroscientist. Leonard's parents made him learn to play the cello and become a scientist even though he wanted to be a rapper "like Snoop Dogg but with a little more healthy respect for the police". Leonard was on the debate team in school and says that if he had not had glasses, he would have been "the coolest kid on the debate team to get constantly shoved into his locker." Leonard also mentions that he once had a bully who gave him such a terrible wedgie that it temporarily moved one of his testicles. He also says that he hated high school because he was never popular and that his mother never let him celebrate his birthday because "that was her accomplishment, not mine" and that his parents never paid attention to his achievements. Leonard got his Phd at Princeton and got a job working at Caltech. He became a roommate of Sheldon Cooper because he couldn't afford an apartment with only his own money. He almost accidentally gave American nuclear secrets to his girlfriend Joyce Kim not realizing that she was a North Korean spy but Sheldon Cooper annoyed her so much that she left before he could give her anything. When a beautiful girl named Penny moves in across the hall from Leonard and Sheldon, Leonard falls in love with her. Leonard tried to get her to like him but thanks to Sheldon she finds out that Leonard has Luke Skywalker shampoo and Darth Vader conditioner uses the periodic table as a shower curtain and plays boggle in Klingon with his friends including Sheldon, Rajesh Koothrapalli and Howard Wolowitz leading her to think that he is a nerd. For most of the show Leonard is trying to start a relationship with Penny and they eventually date and get married.
Rational number

In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be written as a fraction. The set of rational number is often represented by the symbol , standing for "quotient" in English.
Rational numbers are all real numbers, and can be positive or negative. A number that is not rational is called irrational.
Most of the numbers that people use in everyday life are rational. These include fractions, integers and numbers with finite decimal digits. In general, a number that can be written as a fraction while it is in its own form is rational.
Writing rational numbers
Fraction form
All rational numbers can be written as a fraction. Take 1.5 as an example, this can be written as , , or .
More examples of fractions that are rational numbers include , , and .
Terminating decimals
A terminating decimal is a decimal with a certain number of digits to the right of the decimal point. Examples include 3.2, 4.075, and -300.12002. All of these are rational. Another good example would be 0.9582938472938498234.
Repeating decimals
A repeating decimal is a decimal where there are infinitely many digits to the right of the decimal point, but which follow a repeating pattern.
An example of this is . As a decimal, it is written as 0.3333333333... The dots indicate that the digit 3 repeats forever.
Sometimes, a group of digits repeats. An example is . As a decimal, it is written as 0.09090909... In this example, the group of digits 09 repeats.
Also, sometimes the digits repeat after another group of digits. An example is . It is written as 0.16666666... In this example, the digit 6 repeats, following the digit 1.
If you try this on your calculator, sometimes it may make a rounding error at the end. For instance, your calculator may say that , even though there is no 7. It rounds the 6 at the end up to 7.
Irrational numbers
The digits after the decimal point in an irrational number do not repeat in an infinite pattern. For instance, the first several digits of p (Pi) are 3.1415926535... A few of the digits repeat, but they never start repeating in an infinite pattern, no matter how far you go to the right of the decimal point.
Arithmetic
Whenever you add or subtract two rational numbers, you always get another rational number.
Whenever you multiply two rational numbers, you always get another rational number.
Whenever you divide two rational numbers, you always get another rational number (as long as you do not divide by zero).
Two rational numbers and are equal if .
Goiânia

Goiania is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Goias. It has about 1.2 million inhabitants and an area of .