kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Jorge Paulo Lemann

Jorge Paulo Lemann (born August 26, 1939) is a Brazilian billionaire investment banker, and businessman.
In 1971, Lemann, Carlos Alberto Sicupira and Marcel Herrmann Telles founded the Brazilian investment banking firm Banco Garantia.
In 1994, he suffered a heart attack at age 54.
From 1990 to 2001, he was a member of the board of directors of Companhia Cervejaria Brahma.
As of October 2019, Lemann was ranked 37th richest in the world by Forbes, with a net worth of .
Middle Township, New Jersey

Middle Township is a township in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Ocean City Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 18,911.
Chapaev (movie)

Chapaev () is a 1934 Soviet war movie directed by Vasilyev brothers. It stars Boris Babochkin, Boris Blinov, and Varvara Myasnikova.
Obie Trice

Obie Trice III (born 14 November 1977) is an American rapper and songwriter. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He started to rhyme when he was 11 years old. In 2000 he was signed to Shady Records.
His first album Cheers was released in 2003 with its first single being "Got Some Teeth" The album consists of 17 tracks. The album was very successful and sold almost three million copies as of July 2018 and peaking at third on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums In 2008. Obie started his own record label called Black Market Entertainment.
Per Carlsen (diplomat)

Per Carlsen (1948 - December 2020) was a Danish politician. He was the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of Denmark to Latvia from 2010 through 2015. Before 2010 he was the Danish ambassador to the Russian Federation.
Carlsen died in December 2020 in Copenhagen at the age of 72.
Wanquetin

Wanquetin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
491

491 was a common year.
Deaths
March 17 - Saint Patrick, patron saint of Ireland (possibly died this year, could also have died in the year 493)
Bob Holness

Robert Wentworth John Holness (November 12, 1928 - January 6, 2012) was a British radio and television presenter who is mostly known for hosting Take a Letter, Blockbusters, Raise the Roof, and in Call My Bluff. Holness has also guest-starred in Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway. He also played James Bond in a radio program called Moonraker.
Holness was born in Vryheid, Natal, South Africa on November 12, 1928 to British parents and was raised in Ashford, Kent. He was educated at Ashford Grammar School and at Maidstone College of Art.
Holness was married to Mary Holness until his death in 2012, they had 3 children. Holness lived in Pinner, London, England and would die there on January 6, 2012 from dementia, he was 83 years old.
Flawil

Flawil is a municipality of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. About 10,000 people live there.
It is the regional centre of Untertoggenburg, but is part of the Wil electoral district.
Municipalities of the canton of Bern

There are 400 municipalities in the canton of Bern (including mergers), Switzerland. It is the largest canton in Switzerland and has the most communes.
Paulo Jamelli

Paulo Roberto Jamelli Junior (born 22 July 1974) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Bionic Tower

The Bionic Tower was a visionary vertical city, a very large building designed for human home by Spanish architects Eloy Celaya, Maria Rosa Cervera and Javier Gomez. It would have a main tower high, with 300 stories housing about 100,000 people. The point of the Bionic Tower is to use bionics to solve the world's rising population problems in an eco-friendly way, a very incredibly hard feat to complete.
The Bionic Tower would be exactly 400 meters taller than the now tallest building, Burj Khalifa.
Complexes
The Bionic Tower is composed of two complexes put together. The first complex, Bionic Tower, is made up of twelve vertical neighborhoods, each eighty meters high. The neighborhoods are separated by safety areas to make for easier construction and evacuation in case of an emergency. Each neighborhood has two groups of buildings, one on the interior of the building and one on the exterior. Both groups of buildings are located around large gardens and pools. The second complex, also called the Base Island, is 1,000 meters in diameter, and is made up of many buildings, gardens, pools, and communication equipment. Predicted uses of these complexes include hotels, offices, residential, commerce, cultural, sports and relaxation.
Bionic Vertical Space
In 1997, work on the early model Bionic Vertical Space started. This was created by the architects Eloy Celaya, Maria Rosa Cervera and Javier Gomez through the beginning of 2001. However, Eloy Celaya, who studied at Columbia University, is creating an another project almost the same to the Bionic Tower project.
While in office, then-Shanghai mayor Xu Kuangdi expressed an interest in the idea for his city. Hong Kong also reportedly expressed interest in the project.
Gainan Saidkhuzhin

Gainan Rakhmatovich Saidkhuzhin (; 30 June 1937 - 13 May 2015) was a Soviet cyclist. He was a ten-time cycling champion of the Soviet Union. He competed in the road race at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics and finished in 34th and 41st places, respectively. He was born in Novosibirsk to a Tatar family.
Saidkhuzhin died from a heart attack on 13 May 2015 in Miami, Florida, United States. He was 77.
Lalli Partinen

Lalli Simo Samuli Partinen (20 August 1941 - 4 May 2022) was a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He played for HIFK and SaiPa. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Winter Olympics. He was honored into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1987. He was born in Kannonkoski, Finland.
Partinen died of COVID-19 at hospital in Lappeenranta, Finland on 4 May 2022, at the age of 80.
Christian Democratic Party (Norway)

The Christian Democratic Party is a Christian-democratic political party in Norway. It was founded in 1933. The party is an observer member of the European People's Party (EPP).
Craig Mack

Craig Mack (May 10, 1971 - March 12, 2018) was an American rapper and record producer. He was signed to Bad Boy Records. Mack was best known for his 1994 hit single "Flava in Ya Ear", which reached the Top Ten of the Billboard Hot 100. The song won "Single of the Year" at the 1995 Source Awards. On March 12, 2018, Mack died from heart failure at a nearby hospital in Walterboro, South Carolina at age 46.
Waterloo Road (TV series)

Waterloo Road is a British television drama series set in a comprehensive school of the same name, broadcast on BBC One and later on BBC Three. The show is set in the Northern English town of Rochdale, Greater Manchester from series one until the end of series seven, and the Scottish town of Greenock from the beginning of series eight until the end of the show in series ten. The first episode was broadcast on BBC One on 9 March 2006 and the final episode on BBC Three on 9 March 2015.
Waterloo Road ran for 200 episodes and exactly nine years. In September 2019, the series was made available on BBC iPlayer. In September 2021, the BBC recommissioned the show for an eleventh series, with production returning to the Greater Manchester area.
The revival series started airing on 3 January 2023.
Synopsis
Set in a failing comprehensive school in Rochdale, the series focuses on the life's of the teachers and pupils who are at the school.
Autotroph

An autotroph (from Greek autos = self and trophe = nutrition) is an organism that makes organic compounds from simple molecules.
Uses
Autotrophs are needed in every food chain in all ecosystems. They take energy from the environment (sun light or inorganic sources) and use it to make other organic molecules that are used to carry out various biological functions such as cell growth or repairing broken tissue.
Types
Plants and other organisms that carry out photosynthesis are phototrophs (or photoautotrophs). Bacteria that use inorganic compounds like hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus or iron are called chemoautotrophs. Other organisms, called heterotrophs, eat autotrophs.
There are some species that need organic compounds as a source of food, but are able to use light as a source of energy. These are not autotrophic, but heterotrophic. A mixotroph is a (micro)organism that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon.
Litchville, North Dakota

Litchville is a city in Barnes County, North Dakota, United States.
Thanjavur district

Thanjavur district is one of the district is known as the "Granary of South India" and "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". This is one of the important district for the Tamil Nadu agriculture and economy.
Population
The Thanjavur district's total population is 2,405,890 according to Census of 2011. Literacy rate is 74.44%. The sex ratio is 1035 per 1000 males.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes consist of 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively.
Agriculture and Tourism
The Thanjavur district is famously known as the "Granary of South India", since the rule of Chola dynasty.This district lies at the Kaveri delta region, the most fertile region in the Tamil Nadu state. The district is the main rice producing region in the state and therefore known as "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu". Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district. Farmers also grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu.
2024 Copa América

The 2024 Copa America will be the 48th edition of the Copa America, the quadrennial international men's football championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL.
Host country
The 2024 Copa America is expected to be hosted by Ecuador due to CONMEBOL's host rotation order. to run in parallel with Euros from 2020 However, CONMEBOL president Alejandro Dominguez said that Ecuador has been nominated but not yet chosen to organize the cup. Peru has also expressed its intention to organize the tournament. The 2024 Copa America was originally scheduled for 2023, but was moved to 2024 in order to coincide with UEFA Euro 2024.
Teams
All ten CONMEBOL national teams are eligible to enter.
It is expected that a 14-team or 18-team tournament will be held, with two or six teams from outside CONMEBOL being invite
Venues
Ecuador has already started studies to modernize stadiums for the tournament.
Glockenspiel

The glockenspiel is a percussion instrument. It originated in Germany. It is in the same category as the xylophone and timpani. It usually has a range of 2 and a half octaves. It is set up in a keyboard instrument format. It is played by hitting it with mallets that have a plastic or felt tip. It has a soft sound, but very high pitch. If it is hit too hard, it makes a very bad sound. Its sound is often used to represent things such as fairies, birds, and butterflies.
Fossès-et-Baleyssac

Fosses-et-Baleyssac is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Bob Marley

Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley (February 6, 1945 May 11, 1981) was an important Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician in the 1970s and 1980s. He made the style of reggae music very popular all over the world. His music told stories of his home and the Rastafarian religion that he followed. Some songs were about religion and some songs were about politics like Get Up Stand Up.
Bob Marley was born on February 6, 1945 in Nine Mile, Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica to a black teenager, Cedella Booker, and a white man named Norvall Marley. When he was young, his friends gave him the nickname, "Tuff Gong". He started his music career in the 1960s with his group the Wailing Wailers (or simply the Wailers), that he formed with two friends, Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer. In 1962, Bob Marley and the Wailing Wailers recorded their first two songs called "Judge Not" and "One Cup of Coffee".
Bob married Rita Anderson in 1966 and she joined the group as a back-up singer. They had five children together. One is Ziggy Marley, who is also a well-known reggae performer.
In 1974, the Wailers broke up because three of the band members wanted to pursue solo careers. Marley continued calling his band Bob Marley and the Wailers and joined together with new members to continue playing music. In 1975, Bob Marley had his first international hit called "No Woman No Cry". In Jamaica, he is considered a folk hero. Some other hits of his include "Three Little Birds", "Africa Unite", "Buffalo Soldier", and "One Love". His most popular studio album was called Legend, which includes his greatest hits.
Aalborg Airport

Aalborg Airport () is a dual-use (civilian/military) airport in Norresundby, Aalborg Municipality, Denmark, which is northwest of Aalborg.
Airlines and destinations
The following airlines operate regular flights at the airport.
Transport
Bus
City buses go from the airport.
Spin-off

A spin-off is something new that comes from something already present. If military technology finds civilian use, for example, that is one kind of spin-off. It is often used for video games, movies, and television programmes, but it can also be used when talking about companies or organisations. A spin-off may have the same people, places, themes or ideas as the original.
Ontario Highway 89

Ontario Highway 89 is a provincial highway in Ontario, Canada. It is 107 kilometers (66 miles) long. It starts at the junction of Highway 9 and Highway 23 in Harriston. It then runs eastward and ends at Highway 400 near Innisfil. The highway runs through the settlements of Alliston, Shelburne, and Mount Forest, forming the main streets of these towns.
Edgewood, Washington

Edgewood is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
Andre Dickens

Andre Dickens (born June 20, 1974) is an American politician and nonprofit executive. He is the 61st Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia since 2022. He was a member of the Atlanta City Council from 2014 until 2022.
B Flow

Brian Mumba Kasoka Bwembya (born November 12) better known by his stage name B Flow (also written as B'Flow or B-Flow), is a Zambian Dancehall and Hip Hop artist, media entrepreneur, non-political social commentator, social justice advocate, part-time radio presenter, peer educator and founder of Music For Change Initiative. He is also the current chairperson of the HIV/AIDS and Social Commentary (HASC) committee of the Zambia Association of Musicians (ZAM). He is also a global ambassador in the fight against with the AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF). B Flow also took a new direction with his music, changing his genre to what is now known as "KaliDanceHall" (A mix of traditional Zambian Kalindula music and Dance Hall). In November 2016, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) named B Flow as one of the 16 voices of activism against gender-based violence around the world.
Biography
Early life
B Flow was born in Kabwe on 12 November. He was raised by his grandmother Matilda Chiti-Byrne and his mother Mirriam Mulenga Mumba Byrne, a policewoman. B Flow cames from a family of Zambian musicians which include Chris Mbewe of The Great Witch Band, Anna Mwale of The Mwale Sisters and Ras Willie.
The Beginning
At the age of 8, he and his friends played a small band by turning pots and buckets into drums and making banjos (non-electric guitars) using tins, planks and strings. Among that band B Flow was the only one who is now a professional musician.
B Flow's first album Mpu mpu mpu (meaning heartbeat) was released in 2009. The album earned B Flow recognition at the 2009 Zambia Ngoma Awards and his second solo album called 'No More Kawilo' was released in 2011 (meaning no more loneliness). His third album 'Voiceless Woman' was released in 2013. His fifth album Dear Mama a dedication to his mother was released in 2016.
Chūichi Date

is a Japanese retired politician of the Liberal Democratic Party. He was a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature). He was a former President of the House of Councillors.
Medieval Warm Period

The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) or Medieval Climate Optimum was a time of unusually warm climate in the North Atlantic region. It was not a planet-wide phenomena. It lasted from about the tenth century to about the fourteenth century. In discussions of global warming this period is often mentioned.
Some refer to the event as the Medieval Climatic Anomaly because this term emphasizes that effects other than temperature were important.
Penitas, Texas

Penitas is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas.
Arman Kirakossian

Arman Kirakossian (; 10 September 1956 - 6 July 2019) was an Armenian diplomat and historian. At the time of his death in July 2019, he was Ambassador of Armenia to the United Kingdom since November 2018. He was also Ambassador of Armenia to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), as well as Greece (1994-1999), the United States (1999-2005) and Austria (2011-2018). He was acting Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1993.
Kirakossian was born in Yerevan. He died on 6 July 2019 in London, at the age of 62.
Stubbs, Kansas

Stubbs is an unincorporated community in Barber County, Kansas, United States. Stubbs is west of Kiowa. It is very close to Oklahoma.
Flughafen-Express

The Flughafen-Express (abbreviated: FEX) is a category of trains in Germany and currently only operates from Berlin Brandenburg Airport to Berlin Central Station.
NGC 743

NGC 743 is an open cluster in the Cassiopeia constellation, discovered by John Herschel in 1829.
Ferrière-la-Grande

Ferriere-la-Grande is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 5,273 people lived there.
Hichilema Cabinet

The Hichilema Cabinet is the 15th cabinet of Zambia and the cabinet of Hakainde Hichilema from 2021 until 2026. The previous cabinet is Second Lungu Cabinet from 2016 to 2021.
Doug Holden

Albert Douglas Holden (28 September 1930 - 7 April 2021) was an English professional footballer who played as a winger. Holden was born in Manchester, Lancashire. He made five appearances for the England national football team in 1959.
Holden died on 7 April 2021, aged 90.
Prémesques

Premesques is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,123 people lived there.
Dark energy

Dark energy is the name given to the force that is believed to accelerate the expansion of the universe. Distant galaxies appear to be moving away from us at high speed: the idea is that the universe is getting bigger and has been since the Big Bang. Measurements are now accurate enough to allow astronomers to tell that these galaxies seem to be accelerating away from us. The universe is expanding at an increasing rate.
Understanding
This faster and faster expansion is not understood by scientists. There are many ideas for what might be causing the rapid expansion. However, at the moment, cosmologists who study it do not have an answer. It is as if there was something there in empty space providing a repulsive force (Anti-gravity) that makes the universe expand. This has been named dark energy.
A 2011 research article sets out the problem for theoretical physics.
Atef Sedky

Atef Mohamed Naguib Sedky (29 August 1930 - 25 February 2005) (), was an Egyptian prime minister, born in Qalyubia Governorate. He served as prime minister from 1986 to 1996.
A group of Islamic Jiha tried to assassinate attempt, but he survived. Among that group was Amin Al-Maslihi, who was tried and executed with the rest of the group.
Sedky died on 25 February 2005.
Tobadill

Tobadill is a municipality of the district of Landeck in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Coprophagia

Coprophagia is the eating of faeces. Many animals eat faeces, either their own or that of other animal groups. It is particularly common in dogs and puppies of about six months old, but little is known why; lack of stimulus and variety in the lifestyle or diet have been cited as potential reasons.
Adding pineapple to their food is a well recognized solution for many dogs. Humans do it only on rare occasions and it is looked down upon in society. Eating one's feces can also spread disease.
Big Time Rush (group)

Big Time Rush is an American pop music boy band. They were formed in 2009. The group is made up of Kendall Schmidt, James Maslow, Logan Henderson, and Carlos PenaVega. The group starred in Nickelodeon's television series of the same name, Big Time Rush.
The band went on a hiatus in 2014 that lasted until 2021 when the group resumed live performances and released the single "Call It Like I See It" in New York City and Chicago.
Martin Hámor

Martin Hamor is an archer from Czechoslovakia. He was born on 9 March 1943. Hamor competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Repentless

Repentless is the twelfth studio album by the American thrash metal band Slayer. It was released on September 11, 2015, and is the band's first album to be released on Nuclear Blast. It is also the first Slayer album to feature guitarist Gary Holt of Exodus and the first to feature drummer Paul Bostaph since 2001's God Hates Us All.
The album made it to #4 on the Billboard 200, which was the highest charting album from the band in the United States. It also topped the chart in Germany and was featured in the top ten of almost twenty charts around the world. It got mixed to positive reviews from critics.
Background
Slayer where asked in 2011 if they were going to make another album, which then-Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo replied that although nothing had been written yet, there were "definitely plans". In early 2011, guitarist Jeff Hanneman became ill with necrotizing fasciitis. Some said that he got the illness from a spider bite he claimed to have received while in a friend's hot tub. When asked about a new record, bassist Tom Araya stated that any work would have to wait until Hanneman had recovered.
On February 20, 2013, it was announced that Lombardo would not take part in Slayer's Australia tour because of contractual disputes, and he would be replaced by former drummer Jon Dette. Lombardo's permanent replacement was later announced to be Paul Bostaph, who was previously the band's drummer from 1992-2001, appearing on several albums.
On May 2, 2013, Jeff Hanneman died of liver failure in a Los Angeles hospital. A week later, it was announced that he died from an alcohol-related cirrhosis. Hanneman and his family had did not know how bad his condition was until shortly before his death. Kerry King later said that he wants the band to continue, but Araya was unsure. He said that, "After 30 years, it would literally be like starting over," and told about his doubts that Slayer's fanbase would approve of such a change. In March 2015, Araya revealed that the band had recorded one song before Hanneman died, and that the song will appear on the album.
Songs
Personnel
Credits came from the album's notes.
Wailuku, Hawaii

Wailuku is a census-designated place (CDP) in and county seat of Maui County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 17,697 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Maui County.
Gannay-sur-Loire

Gannay-sur-Loire is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
Jay Treaty

The Jay Treaty was a treaty between the United States and Britain in the years following the American Revolution. The main American involved in the treaty was John Jay, who was also Chief Justice of the United States. It was passed by the United States Congress in 1795. It allowed for increased trade with Britain in exchange for the British giving up their forts on the Great Lakes. The Democratic-Republican Party thought that the Jay Treaty was good for the British and bad for the Americans, which led to them burning effigies of Jay.
Marc Roca (footballer)

Marc Roca Junque (born 26 November 1996) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for FC Bayern Munich as a central midfielder.
Henderson waves

Henderson Waves () is a pedestrian bridge in Singapore. The bridge is in the shape of a wave.
Nanto, Toyama

is a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan.
Geography
Surrounding municipalities
Toyama Prefecture
Oyabe
Tonami
Toyama
Ishikawa Prefecture
Hakusan
Kanazawa
Gifu Prefecture
Hida
Shirakawa
Population
From Japanese census data,
Le Ponthou

Le Ponthou () is a former commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Plouigneau.
English

Were you looking for the English Wikipedia, the full English Wikipedia version of Simple?
The word English can mean:
From or about the country England
English people
English language
The Amish word for somebody who is not in their group
Avoirdupois, a system of measurement sometimes called "English".
José Vasconcelos

Jose Vasconcelos Calderon (January 28, 1882 - June 30, 1959), known as the "Cultural Caudillo" of the Mexican Revolution, was a Mexican writer, philosopher and politician and is one of the most influential and controversial personalities of Modern Mexico.
Atomic Games

Atomic Games, Inc. was an American video game developer based in Austin, Texas. The company specialized in wargames.
The company was founded by Keith Zabalaoui in 1989. It is best known for developing the Close Combat series of real-time wargames, as well as the V for Victory series.
Because of cancellation of a project titled Hammer's Slammers, in December 2000, Atomic Games gor fired its entire staff, only keeping three executives.
Destineer bought Atomic Games on May 6, 2005, while collaborating on Close Combat: Red Phoenix and Close Combat: First to Fight.
Atomic Games was developing a third-person shooter, Six Days in Fallujah, in cooperation with Konami, until the latter decided to leave from the project in August 2009. The company went on to finish the game, but never released it.
Atomic Games released the game called Breach. Destineer also owned Bold Games, and MacSoft.
With Avalon Hill
Atomic Games was signed to Avalon Hill in 1993 by the company's Jim Rose, and began developing Beyond Squad Leader and the World at War series for its new publisher.
The main task for Rose, hired to lead Avalon Hill's computer game division in December 1992 was to renew this section of the business because of big revenues. The two companies' first collaboration, Operation Crusader, reused the engine of the V for Victory series. PC Gamer US wargame columnist William R. Trotter named it one of the top-five wargames of 1994.
Júnior Fernándes

Antenor Junior Fernandes da Silva Vitoria (born 4 October 1988 in Tocopilla) is a Chilean footballer of Brazilian descent who currently plays for Fussball-Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen as a striker.
International career
He has been summoned to Chile national football team to face friendly matches during the second half of 2011 by team manager Claudio Borghi. He debuted in the national team on 11 September 2012, on a qualifying match for the 2014 FIFA World Cup against Colombia.
Delfzijl

Delfzijl is a small city and former municipality in the very north of the Netherlands, in the province of Groningen. It has around 25,000 inhabitants. It has the fifth most important seaport in the country. Since 2021, it has been part of the new municipality of Eemsdelta.
Whopper Whopper

Whopper Whopper is a song that was made by Burger King in 2022, debuting as a commercial that year, it became a single in 2023, it then became a popular sensation that same year due to it being a very catchy song. often driving fans mad of specifically NFL mad due to the big amount of time it was played
Reception
The song became a popular sensation in 2023, after it's catchy tune has been both loved and hated. It was played many many times during the NFL Playoffs of 2023. The song has become an internet meme.
Battagram

Batagram () is a city in Pakistan. It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Batagram District.
1757

Events
January 2 - The United Kingdom captures Calcutta, India.
March 14 - On board the HMS Monarch, Royal Navy Admiral John Byng is executed by firing squad for breach of the Articles of War.
May 6 - Battle of Prague - Frederick the Great defeats an Austrian army and begins to besiege the city.
June 18 - Battle of Kolin - Frederick is defeated by an Austrian army under Marshal Daun, forcing him to evacuate Bohemia.
June 23 - Battle of Plassey - 3000 British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under Siraj-ud-Dawlah at Plassey.
July 26 - Battle of Hastenbeck - An Anglo-Hanoverian army under the Duke of Cumberland is defeated by the French under Louis d'Estrees and forced out of Hanover.
July 30 - Battle of Gross-Jagersdorf - A Prussian army under Hans von Lehwald is defeated by the Russian army of Marshal Stepan Apraksin.
October 16 - Austrian raiders plunder Berlin.
October 30 - Osman III dies and is succeeded as Ottoman Sultan by Mustafa III.
November 5 - Battle of Rossbach. Frederick defeats the French-Imperial army under the Duc de Soubise and Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, forcing the French to withdraw from Saxony.
November 22 - Battle of Breslau - An Austrian army under Prince Charles of Lorraine defeats the Prussian army of Wilhelm of Brunswick-Bevern and forces the Austrians behind the Oder.
December 6 - Battle of Leuthen - Frederick defeats Prince Charles's Austrian army.
Stickney, Illinois

Stickney is a village of Illinois in the United States.
The Littlest Hobo

The Littlest Hobo was a Canadian children's show directed by Charles R. Rondeau. It was based on a movie and is about a German Shepherd that wanders from town to town, helping people in need. The TV series ran from 1963-1965 and was later revived by CTV from 1979-1985.
Schlans

Schlans is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
The former municipality of Schlans merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Trun.
V437 Scuti

V437 Scuti is a red supergiant star in the constellation of Scutum. If you placed it in the Solar System, It would munch up Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and dwarf planet Ceres. This makes it comparable to the size of Betelgeuse, Antares, and V382 Carinae. It is not likely that it has planets, but there is a small chance that it may be a binary star.
Susan Brownmiller

Susan Brownmiller (born February 15, 1935) is an American radical feminist, journalist and activist. She is best known for her pioneering work on the politics of rape in Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape (1975). Brownmiller says that rape has been defined by men rather than women until now. Men use rape as a means of continuing male dominance by keeping all women in a state of fear. All men benefit from this. Brownmiller also participated in civil rights activism. She joined CORE during the sit-in movement and volunteered for Freedom Summer in 1964. She first became involved in the Women's Liberation Movement in New York City in 1968. There she joined a consciousness-raising group in the newly formed New York Radical Women organization. Brownmiller went on to co-ordinate a sit-in against Ladies' Home Journal in 1970, began work on Against Our Will after a New York Radical Feminists speak-out on rape in 1971, and co-founded Women Against Pornography in 1979. She continues to write and speak on feminist issues, including a recent memoir and history of Second Wave radical feminism, In Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution (1999).
Bellingwedde

Bellingwedde is a former municipality in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands.
History
Bellingwedde was created on 1 September 1968 from the former municipalities of Bellingwolde and Wedde. Since 2018, it has been part of the new municipality of Westerwolde.
Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar

Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar OBE FAcSS (; 21 May 1944 - 12 May 2022) was a British professor and a life peer in the House of Lords. She was a prominent Muslim feminist, and characterises herself as a Socialist and a Shi'a Muslim. Her background is in equal opportunities in Britain, and before that, land reform and development in Iran, where she grew up, and journalism in both countries.
Afshar died on 12 May 2022 at the age of 77.
Gardnerville, Nevada

Gardnerville is an unincorporated town in Douglas County, Nevada, United States. It is near the county seat of Minden. The population was 6,211 at the 2020 census.
Stratford International station

Stratford International is a railway station, located in Stratford, London, in the United Kingdom. It was originally planned and built for trains running through the Channel tunnel, but these trains currently do not stop there. It should not be confused with Stratford station, about away. The Docklands Light Railway, and various regional trains also stop at Stratford International.
LaGrange, Indiana

LaGrange is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. It is the county seat of LaGrange County.
Brainerd, Minnesota

Brainerd is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. Its population was 14,395 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Crow Wing County, and is one of northern Minnesota's largest cities. The city is famous for the 1996 movie Fargo being partly set there.
Garrick Utley

Clifton Garrick Utley (November 19, 1939 - February 20, 2014), better known as Garrick Utley, was an American television journalist. He reported about the Vietnam War and was one of the first full-time television correspondent covering the war from Vietnam.
He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Westtown School in 1957 and from Carleton College in 1961.
Utley died of prostate cancer on February 20, 2014 in New York City, New York. He was aged 74. He was outlived by his wife Gertje Utley (nee Rommeswinkel).
Siân Phillips

Dame Sian Phillips DBE (; born Jane Elizabeth Ailwen Phillips, 14 May 1933) is a Welsh actress. She was married to actor Peter O'Toole. She is also known for her roles in Becket and in Goodbye, Mr. Chips.
Adrianne Palicki

Adrianne Palicki (born May 6, 1983) is an American actress. She was born in Toledo, Ohio.
Palicki has acted in both television series and movies. She was in the television series Friday Night Lights (2006-2011) and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2014-2016). She acted in Legion (2010), Red Dawn (2012), G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013), and John Wick (2014).
Saint-Hilaire-de-Chaléons

Saint-Hilaire-de-Chaleons is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Rian Johnson

Rian Craig Johnson (born December 17, 1973) is an American movie director, screenwriter, editor and actor. He is best known for directing the movies Brick (2005), The Brothers Bloom (2008), Looper (2012), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) and Knives Out (2019). He has directed three episodes of the AMC series Breaking Bad. He has also had small roles in Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (2016) and BoJack Horseman.
Johnson was born in Silver Spring, Maryland. He has been dating movie writer Karina Longworth since 2011.
Joshua, Texas

Joshua is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Karl Mannheim

Karl Mannheim (27 March 1893 - 9 January 1947), or Karoly Mannheim in original writing of his name, was a Hungarian-German sociologist and social scientist. He was influential in the first half of the 20th century. He is one of the founding fathers of classicial sociology as well as a founder of the sociology of knowledge.
Life
Mannheim was born in Budapest. He studied there as well as in Berlin, Paris and Heidelberg. In Budapest, at the University of Budapest, he earned a doctorate in philosophy. In 1914 he attended lectures by Georg Simmel. During the brief period of the Hungarian Soviet in 1919 he taught in a teacher-training school thanks to the patronage and his friend and mentor Gyorgy Lukacs.
Legacy
Mannheim's book Ideologie und Utopie (1929) was the most widely debated book by a living sociologist in Germany during the Weimar Republic; the English version Ideology and Utopia (1936) has been a standard in American-style international academic sociology, carried by the interest it aroused in the U.S.A. The German and English versions of the book are quite different. This has led to reappraisals of Mannheim started by new texual discoveries and republications. Mannheim's sociological theorizing has been the subject of many book-length studies, evidence of an international interest in his principal themes. Mannheim was not an author of any work he himself considered a finished book, but rather of some fifty major essays and treatises. Most of these were later published in book form.
Jeroen Brouwers

Jeroen Godfried Marie Brouwers (30 April 1940 - 11 May 2022) was a Dutch writer. From 1964 to 1976 Brouwers worked as an editor at Manteau publishers in Brussels. In 1964, he wrote his first book. He won the Ferdinand Bordewijk Prijs in 1989 for De zondvloed, the Constantijn Huygens Prize in 1993 for his collected works, and in 1995 the Prix Femina for International works for his book Bezonken rood (Sunken Red).
Brouwers won the Libris Prize for Client E. Busken in 2021.
Brouwers was born in Batavia, Dutch East Indies and died in Maastricht. He died from a short-illness, aged 82.
Richland Parish, Louisiana

Richland Parish is a parish located in the North Louisiana Delta Country in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat and largest community is Rayville. The parish was officially created on September 29, 1868.
Bhim Singh Thapa

Bhim Singh Thapa known popularly as Bagh Buda (Translation: Tiger oldie) was a Nepalese military officer. He commanded the battle of Palanchowk in 1959 AD. He died in the battle. After his death, his 11-year-old son Amar Singh Thapa was installed in the army under Marwat policy. He was known for his fighting prowess. He was awarded the personal title of Bagh, which literally means tiger.
Family
He was born to Ranajay (Ranjai) Thapa, a resident of Sirhanchowk, Gorkha. He was born in the warrior clan of Bagale Thapa. His son was the famous Nepalese military commander Badakaji Amar Singh Thapa.
Alan Hamel

Alan Hamel (born June 30, 1936) is a Canadian producer, writer, actor and television host. He was born in Toronto.
Hamel co-hosted the Canadian children's television series Razzle Dazzle (1961-64). In the late 1960s he hosted two game shows which aired on all the ABC owned and operated TV stations as well as others: Wedding Party (1968) and Anniversary Game (1969).
In the late 1970s, he hosted The Alan Hamel Show, a popular daytime talk show on CTV.
In 1977, Hamel married actress Suzanne Somers.
Martyn Roper

Martyn Keith Roper (born 8 June 1965) is a British politician. He has been Governor of the Cayman Islands since 29 October 2018.
Hans Lippershey

Hans Lippershey (1570 - buried 29 September 1619), was a German-Dutch spectacle-maker. He is known as the first person to build a telescope, although this is not clear who built the telescope.
Dmitry Shirkov

Dmitry Vasil'evich Shirkov (; 3 March 1928 - 23 January 2016) was a Russian theoretical physicist. He was known for his works to quantum field theory and to the development of the renormalization group method. He used to work at Lund University in Sweden. He was born in Moscow, Russia.
Shirkov died at his home in Dubna, Russia from a heart attack on 23 January 2016 at the age of 87.
Frontal lobe

The frontal lobe is an area in the brain of humans and other mammals, at the front of each cerebral hemisphere. It is in front of the parietal lobe and above and in front of the temporal lobes.
The frontal lobes takes action based on sensory information (sight, sound, touch) from the three rear areas of the cerebrum. The action is moderated by the influence of the pre-frontal cortex. The system is a delicate balance between the need to satisfy urges from the most ancient parts of the brain, such as hunger, self-defence and sex, with the need to act in a way which is socially acceptable.
The precentral gyrus, forming the back of the frontal lobe, contains the primary motor cortex. This controls voluntary movements of specific body parts.
Evolution
For many years, many scientists thought that the frontal lobe was comparatively larger in humans than in other primates. They thought that this was an important feature of human evolution and was the main reason why human cognition is different from that of the other primates.
However, this view has been challenged by later research. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to find the volume of the frontal cortex in humans, all living ape species and several monkey species. The human frontal cortex is not relatively larger than the cortex in the other great apes, but it is relatively larger than the frontal cortex in the lesser apes and the monkeys.
L.A. State of Mind

L.A. State of Mind is the second studio album by English singer and songwriter Melanie Brown. It was released on 27 June 2005 by Amber Cafe. Brown recorded most of the album in her kitchen with her friends from London and did not want to release it via a record label. Like Hot (2000), L.A. State of Mind received negative reviews from critics.
Critical reception
L.A. State of Mind received generally mixed to negative reviews upon its release from music critics.
Track listing
Credits adapted from the liner notes of L.A. State of Mind.
Jean Raspail

Jean Raspail (July 5, 1925 - June 13, 2020) was a French author, traveler and explorer. He was born in Chemille-sur-Deme, Indre-et-Loire.
Many of his books are written about historical figures. He won the Grand Prix du Roman and Grand Prix de litterature by the Academie francaise. He is best known for his controversial 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints.
Raspail died on June 13, 2020 in Paris at the age of 94 years old.
Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament

The men's football tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held in Japan from 22 July to 7 August 2021. It was postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Only players born after 1 January 1997 could play in this tournament, but each team was allowed 3 older players.
Interim

An interim is a period of temporary pause or change in a sequence of events, or a temporary state, and is often applied to transitional political entities.
Hadizatou Mani

Hadizatou Mani (born 1984) is a human rights activist from Niger. In 2009, Mani received an International Women of Courage Award.
Life
In 1996, Mani was sold as a slave for $500. She was 12 years old.
In 2003, slavery became illegal in Niger. Mani's master did not tell her. Later, he said Mani was his wife, not his slave.
Mani received her "certificate of liberation" in 2005, and she got married. Her old master took her to court for bigamy. She got a prison sentence of six months.
Mani took the case to court. She worked with Timidria, a local NGO, and Anti-Slavery International, a British NGO. he brought the case to the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). In 2008, ECOWAS said that Niger did not protect her rights. They said Niger had to pay her a fine of 10 million CFA francs.
Awards
In 2009 Mani was named one of the Time 100 people.
In 2009 Mani received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. State Department.
Valhalla Entertainment

Valhalla Entertainment Productions, Inc. is an American movie and television production studio. Their productions include among others AMC's The Walking Dead television series, its companion series, Fear the Walking Dead, and the spin-off, The Walking Dead: World Beyond.
History
Formerly Pacific Western Productions, the studio was established by producer Gale Anne Hurd in 1982 and it was folded into Valhalla Motion Pictures in 2000.
In 1988, Gale Anne Hurd established a label No Frills Film, devoted to producing low-budget and independent movies, usually with the nature of B-movie. In 1993, No Frills Film was merged into Pacific Western Productions.
Five years later, Gale Anne Hurd established another production label, Valhalla Motion Pictures, which was ultimately merged with Pacific Western Productions in 2000. The same year it signed a first-look contract with Kinowelt USA, which was acquired by StudioCanal after Kinowelt was forced into bankruptcy.
In 2001, Valhalla Motion Pictures established a television division that its main focus was on producing television series and movies for networks and syndication.
Valhalla had an overall contract with Universal Cable Productions to creating new television and web series, which was renewed in 2015. Valhalla produced USA Network's drama series, Falling Water, and Amazon's original series, Lore.
In the comic book industry, Valhalla has created a six-issue miniseries comic book, The Scourge, for Aspen Comics, and a four-issue comic book miniseries, ANTI, for 12 Gauge Comics. Dead Man's Run, which was created for Aspen Comics by Greg Pak.
On February 7, 2017, Valhalla Motion Pictures merged into Valhalla Entertainment, which was originally established in 1996.
Logo
On March 24, 2016, the United States Patent and Trademark Office denied a trademark registration by Valhalla Game Studios on the grounds there was likelihood of confusion between Valhalla Motion Pictures and Valhalla Games Studios' mark.
Ionic compound

In chemistry, an ionic compound is a compound made of ions. They have strong ionic bonds between particles. Lots of energy (heat) is required to break the bond apart, resulting in high melting and boiling points. The ions join because they have different charges. Compounds of metals and non-metals are usually ionic. They are made when two or more atoms come close together and an electron goes from one atom to the other atom. The electron does this because both atoms want a full outer shell, similar to those of the noble gases.
Note 1: carbon and silicon in Group 4 usually form covalent bonds by sharing electrons.
Chitral (princely state)

Chitral (or Chitral); was a former princely state of Pakistan and British India which ceased to exist in 1969. The area of the state now forms the Chitral District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Shahzada Ghaziuddin (Prince of Nagar) was a graduate from Aligarh university India. he was the son of Shuja ul mulk (Mehtar of Chitral) He was highly intelligent man and due to his intelligence, bravery, kind, loving nature was highly recognised. He was given the jagir of Nagar, Ursoon, patai, sweer, arandu, ziarat etc. Nagar fort was the winter resort of H.H Sir Shuja Ul Mulk.
Adventures in a City that does not Exist

Adventures in a City that does not Exist () is a 1974 Soviet fantasy movie directed by Leonid Nechayev. It stars Evgeny Goryachev, Igor Anisimov, and Vyacheslav Baranov.
Rocky Hollow

Rocky Hollow was a 1983 stop motion animation children's television series made in Wales and produced by Rockscene Ltd. The show was narrated by Peter Sallis. This was the first children's television show to be produced by Bumper Films for S4C. These were in production with S4C, Mike Young Productions and Prism Art and Design Ltd.
Hedgehog

For the fictional character, see Sonic the Hedgehog
A hedgehog, also called a hedgepig or furze-pig, is a small mammal. It has between 5000 and 7000 spines on its back. There are hedgehogs in Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand. When attacked or threatened, it curls up. Hedgehogs eat insects, snails, frogs and toads, snakes, bird eggs, carrion, mushrooms, berries and melons. Sometimes, hedgehogs will search for earthworms after rainstorms.
Hedgehogs are nocturnal animals and they hibernate between November and March.
Description
Hedgehogs have long spines, or quills, made of keratin. They do not come off easily, unlike porcupines, but in baby hedgehogs, the baby quills drop off and are replaced with adult quills. This is called "quilling". When they are very stressed or sick, their quills can fall off, too. Their quills are not poisonous: they are safe for humans to feel and touch, as they are not very sharp, or harmful.
Pets
Some people keep hedgehogs as pets. African pygmy hedgehogs are the most common type that are kept as pets. They live 2-4 years in captivity. Hedgehogs are exotic pets, which means they may not be legal to keep as pets in some places.
Heiko Maas

Heiko Josef Maas (born 19 September 1966) is a German politician. He is the current Minister of Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Angela Merkel, and took office on 14 March 2018.
He served as Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection from 17 December 2013 to 14 March 2018. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.