Seoul

Seoul () is the biggest city of the Republic of Korea (South Korea), and its capital. Its official name is Seoul Special City ( Seoul Teukbyeolsi). It has a population of 10 million which is about 1/5 of the Korean population and 1/7 of Korea peninsula, and covers an area of 610 km2 that is only 0.6% of South Korea. It is the 6th most populated city in the world, and 7th most crowded. Seoul is the center of politics, economy, culture, transportation, and education for South Korea.
Seoul is in the middle of the Korean Peninsula. Han River (hangang Han-gang) is a major river in South Korea and the fourth longest river on the Korean peninsula. This river goes across Central Seoul.
Seoul hosted the 1986 Asian Games and the 1988 Olympic Games.
History
Seoul is thought to be the capital of Baekje Kingdom (baegje) from 18 BC. At that time, the name of the city was Wiryeseong (). Wiryeseong is thought to be Songpa-gu, Seoul. During the Silla Period (sinrasidae), Hanju (hanju) was name of Seoul. During Goryeo Period (goryeosidae), the name of Seoul was Namgyeong (namgyeong) which means "the south capital". There was a palace of Goryeo Dynasty. Hanyang was name of Seoul in late Goryeo Period. After establishment of Joseon Dynasty, the name of Seoul was Hanseong (hanseong) and Hanseong became the capital of Joseon Kingdom. From 1910 to 1945 when Korea was under Japanese rule, the name of Seoul was Gyeongseong (gyeongseong). Since South Korea was started in 1948, it has been the capital, except for a short time during the Korean War. Seoul became a special city in 1949. The April 19th Revolution (4.19hyeogmyeong) and June Democratic Struggle (6weol minjuhangjaeng) happened in Seoul.
Sports
The most famous soccer team in Seoul is FC Seoul. Their stadium is Sang-am World cup Stadium. It can seat 66,806 people.
Seoul has three famous baseball teams that all play as part of the Korea Baseball Organization. One is The Doosan Bears and they have many famous players. The LG Twins won the Korean Series in 1990 and 1994. Both of these teams play at Jamsil Stadium. Lastly The Nexen heroes who use Mokdong stadium .
Seoul has many stadiums such as Olympic stadium, Jamsil Stadium, Sang-am World Cup Stadium, and Mokdong Stadium. Olympic Stadium was built in 1988 for the Olympics. It was used for the opening and closing ceremonies. World Cup stadium was used for several games in the 2002 FIFA World Cup.
Etymology
Seoul has been known in past by the names Wirye-seong (wiryeseong), Hanju (hanju), Namgyeong (namyeong), Hanseong (hanseong), Hanyang (hanyang), Gyeongseong (gyeongseong). It's current name comes from the Korean word meaning "capital city." The name Seoul is thought to come from the Seorabeol (seorabeol) which is Gyeongju's old name. Gyeongju was the kingdom Silla's capital city.
Education
There are many universities in Seoul. Seoul National University, Yonsei University, Korea University, Sungkyunkwan University, Chungang University are in Seoul too. Seoul National University is Korea's first national university. Yonsei University is widely acknowledged as one of the country's oldest, largest and top-ranked universities in Korea.
Transportation
Seoul's transportation dates back to the Korean empire, when the first streetcar lines were laid and a railroad between Seoul and Incheon was completed. Today, because of the effectiveness of Seoul's transportation network it has become a great transportation center for Asia.
Seoul is connected to every big Korean city by the Korea Train eXpress high speed train, which goes more than 300km/h(186mph).
Seoul has a big subway that connects every part of the city and many other close cities.
Seoul bus system is operated by the Seoul metropolitan government, with four bus areas servicing most of the city.
There are two airports close to Seoul. One is Gimpo International Airport, the other is Incheon International Airport .
Culture
Museums, Art Galleries, and Libraries
Museums and Art Galleries - See List of Museums in Seoul
National Library of Korea
National Assembly Library of Korea
Historic Sights
Changgyeong Palace
Changdeok Palace
Deoksu Palace
Gyeongbok Palace
Gyeonghui Palace
Donggwanwang Shrine
Hwangudan
Nakseongdae
Sajikdan
Seodaemun Prison
Royal Shrine of Joseon Dynasty
Pungnap Earthen Wall
Tourist Attractions
COEX
Insa-dong
Itaewon
Lotte World
Myeong-dong
Namdaemun Market
Namsangol Hanok Village--Hanok is a traditional Korean house.
N Seoul Tower
Samcheong-dong
University Road
63 Building
Parks & Stadiums
Boramae Park
Children's Grand Park
Han River Citizens' Park
Mount Bukhan National Park
Seoul Forest
Seoul Olympic Park
World Cup Park
Yangjae Citizens' Forest
Yeoui Island Park
Seoul Olympic Stadium
Seoul World Cup Stadium
Performing Centers
Chongdong Theater
National Center for Korean Traditional Performing Arts
National Theater of Korea
Sejong Center for the Performing Arts
Seoul Arts Center
Broadcasing Stations
Korean Broadcasting System(KBS)
Educational Broadcasting System(EBS)
Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation(MBC)
Seoul Broadcasting System(SBS)
Architecture
63 building
63 building is 249m high. It has cinema (63 IMAX), observatory - 60th floor (63 Sky Art), aquarium (63 Seaworld), and lots of amenity. The 63 building has 60 stories high and 3 stories below so it became 63 building. The elevator's speed is 540m/min. Before Daehan Life Insurance's building but it's now Hanwha's building.
N Seoul tower (Namsan Tower)
N Seoul tower is 236.7m high. It has restaurant and observatory. In the first floor, you can see Seoul only. But you can see Incheon in the fifth floor. YTN take over the building and it became YTN Seoul building (N Seoul building for short).
Gyeongbokgung
Gyeongbokgung is Joseon's castle. It has Gangnyeongjeon, Geunjeongjeon, Gwanghwamun, Gyeonghoeru, Gyotaejeon, Hyangwonjeong, Jagyeongjeon, Jibokjae, Sajeongjeon, Sujeongjeon, Taewonjeon, Donggung, and Geoncheonggung.
Sungnyemun
Sungnyemun is Joseon's south big door. It is national treasure number 1 in Korea. But, it had a fire in 2008. So it was fixed. And on May 4th 2013, it was done.