kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Napoleon (Animal Farm)

Napoleon is a character in the book Animal Farm. Together with Snowball, he is a boar that Mr. Jones is breeding for sale at the market. Napoleon is the only Berkshire boar on Manor Farm. He is fierce-looking, large, and very stubborn, wanting things to be done his own way. Napoleon is very selfish and only cares about his own good.
Symbolism
Napoleon is based on Stalin of the Russian revolution, who harshly ruled the entire Russia. Napoleon's name is derived from the French conqueror with the same name.
Hagi, Yamaguchi

Hagi is a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. There are 50,089 people living there. Twin towns are Ulsan, Jeollanam-do Yeongam-gun in Korea, and Uhlingen-Birkendolf in Germany. Hagi holds a camellia festival from the middle of February to the end of March. It has a Hagi-ware festival in the beginning of March.
History
In the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, Yoshida Shoin built the Shoka son school, where he taught many famous people. For example, Kido Takayoshi, Takasugi Shinsaku and Ito Hirobumi. They became the Meiji Restoration leaders.
Igawa

Igawa (Japanese: Jing Chuan ) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with this name include:
Togo Igawa - actor
Sportspeople
Kei Igawa - former Baseball player
Yusuke Igawa - footballer
Japanese-language surnames
Greater Napanee

Greater Napanee is a town in southeastern Ontario, Canada. It is west of Kingston and the county seat of Lennox and Addington County.
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is a novel written by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, first published in November 1962 in the Soviet literary magazine Novy Mir (New World). Set in a Soviet labour camp in the 1950s, and describes a single day of an ordinary prisoner, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov.
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (I Denisovich himself) had first-hand experience in the Soviet labor camps called the Gulag, having been imprisoned from 1945 to 1953 for writing a derogatory comment in a letter to a fellow officer about the conduct of the war by Stalin.
Fuchū, Tokyo

is a city in western Tokyo Metropolis, Japan.
Cities in Japan
British Indian Ocean Territory

The British Indian Ocean Territory is a dependency of the United Kingdom. It includes many small islands in the Indian Ocean. The territory is the seven atolls of the Chagos Archipelago with over 1,000 individual islandsmany very small. There is a total land area of . The largest island is Diego Garcia.
Both India and Mauritius claim the territories, and do not recognise the United Kingdom's authority over the Chagos Archipelago. India does not recognise Anglo sovereignty over these "Cultural Indo-Indian/Indies islands" and has disputed their status since 1947.
The natives of these islands were deported (made to leave their homes) by the British government. They were sent to Mauritius and the Seychelles. This happened in 1968 to 1973, to allow the United States to build a joint UK/US military base. In 2000, the High Court of the UK first ruled that the natives had the right to return home, but the government have been fighting hard against this court decision, and many of the natives are still said to be trying to move back to the islands.
Hillerstorp

Hillerstorp is a locality in Gnosjo Municipality in Jonkoping County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,766 people lived there.
Takagi

Takagi (Japanese: Gao Mu ) is a Japanese surname. It means "high/tall tree". Notable people with this name are listed below.
Lake Bell

Lake Siegel Bell (born March 24, 1979) is an American actress, director, and screenwriter. She has starred in various television series, including Boston Legal, Surface, How to Make It in America and Childrens Hospital, and in films, including Over Her Dead Body, What Happens in Vegas, and It's Complicated.
Bell was born in New York.
Wahagnies

Wahagnies () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,621 people lived there.
Canteleu

Canteleu is a commune. It is in Normandy in the Seine-Maritime department in northwest France.
Adapter

An adapter or adaptor can be used to convert for example US power plugs to EU or UK power plugs. It is very useful when travelling overseas.
Cassano Magnago

Cassano Magnago is a town and comune in the province of Varese, Lombardy, Italy.
Gunnar Möller

Gunnar Moller (1 July 1928 - 16 May 2017) was a German television and movie actor. He was known for his role as Andreas in I Often Think of Piroschka (1955). His career began in the 1940 movie Our Miss Doctor. He retired in 2005 with the movie Oktoberfest.
Moller was born in Berlin. He was married to the actress Brigitte Rau until her death in 1979. Moller died on 16 May 2017 at his Frankfurt, Germany home from dementia-related complications at the age of 88.
Epsilon Pegasi

Epsilon Pegasi, also called Enif, is a red supergiant star forming part of the Pegasus constellation.
Sunanda Patnaik

Sunanda Patnaik (7 November 1934 - 19 January 2020) was an Indian classical singer of Gwalior gharana. She was thought to be one of the great singers of Hindustani music.
Charles Ebbets

Charles Clyde Ebbets was an American photographer who is credited with having taken the iconic photograph Lunch atop a Skyscraper. He was born on August 18, 1905 in Alabama. He got his first camera, a Kodak Brownie when he was 8 years old. The family was struggling so he left school in 10th grade to work for the newspaper in the city. It was then he decided to work toward the idea of making a living from taking pictures.
Infimum and supremum

In mathematics, the infimum or greatest lower bound of a set A, written as , is the greatest element among all lower bounds of A. Similarly, the supremum or least upper bound of A, written as , is the smallest element among all upper bounds of A.
For example, if A is the set , then and . Infimum and supremum are unique, if they exist. Infimum and supremum are key concepts in the field of mathematical analysis.
Pedro Bordaberry

Juan Pedro Bordaberry Herran (born 28 April 1960) is a Uruguayan political figure from the Colorado Party. He was Minister of Industry, Energy and Mining from 2002 to 2003, Minister of Tourism and Sports from 2003 to 2005, and senator from 2010 to 2020.
He unsuccessfully ran for President of Uruguay in 2014.
COPS (animated TV series)

COPS was an animated television program that aired Saturday mornings. The show was about cyber police. It was from Hasbro.
The show ran during 1988-1989. The name was changed to CyberCOPS because of the show of the same name on Fox networks.
GM Lambda platform

GM Lambda platform is a car platform designed and used by General Motors. It is a full-size crossover platform. Lambda is based on the earlier GM Epsilon platform. The Lambda platform replaces GM's U minivan platform and the GMT360 SUV platform. This is used for the Chevrolet Malibu sedan and other similar models. The Lambda architecture is used by the Chevrolet Traverse, Buick Enclave, Saturn Outlook and GMC Acadia.
The Buick Enclave concept car was previewed at the 2006 North American International Auto Show. The Saturn Outlook was shown at the 2006 New York Auto Show. The 2007 Outlook and GMC Acadia went into production in late 2006. This was followed by the 2008 Enclave in mid-2007, and the 2009 Chevrolet Traverse in mid-2008.
Lambda vehicles feature easily accessible three-row seating. They were supplied with the LY7 3.6-liter V6. Starting with the 2009 model year all Lambda vehicles have GM LLT 3.6-liter gasoline direct injection engine for improved fuel efficiency, horsepower and torque. It is unlikely GM will offer a V8 engine for Lambda. The platform has been designed for front and all-wheel drive applications. Lambda is expected to be replaced by the new GM C1XX platform.
Corralito

In Argentina, the restriction of withdrawing cash from banks to $250 USD per week (at that time 1 USD = 1 ARS) was called a Corralito. The measure was imposed by the government of Fernando de la Rua on December 1, 2001, in the face of a bank run. Subsequently, and due to the popularity that the term acquired, it began to be used in all Spanish-speaking countries to refer to the immobilization of deposits carried out by the government of any country.
The objective pursued with these restrictions was to prevent money from leaving the banking system, thus trying to avoid a wave of banking panic and the collapse of the system. According to Domingo Cavallo, in charge of the Ministry of Economy, when he announced the measure, he clarified that it did not prevent the use of electronic means of payment or bank transfers. The idea was that it be a temporary measure for 90 days while the debt was renegotiated.
Origin of the term
The word corralito, shortened to the word corral, is used in Argentina to call what in other countries is known as a baby park. In 2001 the economic journalist Antonio Laje, in his economic column of the program After Hours by Daniel Hadad, used the term to refer to the government measure. The journalist sought to highlight through an analogy the way in which the Government restricted one of the essential freedoms of the users of any banking system: that of being able to withdraw their funds at any moment.
Betül Kaçar

Betul Kacar (born 1983) is a Turkish-American astrobiologist. She is an Assistant Professor at the University of Wisconsin. She directs a NASA Astrobiology Research Center. She is known for her works about the origins of life.
Kacar was born in Istanbul. She was the first woman in her family to receive formal education.
Cuxac-Cabardès

Cuxac-Cabardes is a commune of 911 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Papua New Guinea on 20 March 2020. On 4 May, all known cases recovered.
On 20 March, the first case in Papua New Guinea was confirmed.
On 7 April, Papua New Guinea confirmed its second case of COVID-19.
On 4 May, acting Health Secretary Dr Paison Dakulala reported that all known cases had recovered, but stressed that they didn't know what they are fighting. 2,400 tests had been carried out with the bulk in Port Moresby.
On 5 May, the schools reopened, however some schools required face mask and others sent their students back home again.
On 7 August, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville.
Listicle

When talking about journalism, a listicle in an article that is published as a list. The titles of such articles will usually contain a number, and often a superlative: "The 10 most important things...", "The 30 best places..." are examples of such titles. The article will then give this numbered list, and often also an explanation, for each item. Many of these listicles are presented in a count-down order, so that the best item is at the end. This also implies a ranking. Other listicles give no ranking directly, and simply discuss the items, perhaps gropuing them by theme: "20 things to do in ..".The word is a portmanteau derived from list and article. The word is similar to "popsicle". This stresses the fun but "not too nutritious" nature of the listicle.
Listicles also have the benefit that they can be produced more rapidly than in-depth articles or essays, which may require a lot of research.
Media
While conventional reportage and essay-writing often require the careful crafting of narrative flow, the building-block nature of the listicle lends itself to more rapid production. It can also be a means of "recycling" information, as often it is the context, not the content, that is original. For example, one can construct a listicle by adding captions to YouTube clips. For these reasons, the form has come under criticism as a "kind of cheap content-creation".
It's so easy you wonder why everyone doesn't do it until you realize that now it's all they do: Come up with an idea ("Top 10 Worst [X]") on the L train ride to the office that morning, [and] slap together 10 (or 25, or 100) cultural artifacts ripe for the kind of snarky working over that won't actually tax you at all as a writer/thinker.
The blogger and technologist Anil Dash has disparaged the proliferation of listicles, particularly within the blogosphere, characterizing them in 2006 as the "geek equivalents of Cosmo coverlines".
Nevertheless, the form remains a mainstay of the newsstand and of the web. The covers of magazines such as Cosmopolitan and Men's Journal regularly sport at least one, if not several listicles. Some websites, such as BuzzFeed, generate hundreds of listicles daily.
History
Alex Johnson, writing for The Independent, suggested that an 1886 speech by Sir John Lubbock which gave a list of around 100 books "which on the whole are perhaps best worth reading" was an early form of listicle, and that Lubbock should be considered the 'godfather' of the format.
Steven Poole suggested that listicles have literary precursors like Jorge Luis Borges's "The Analytical Language of John Wilkins". He also compares it to more high-art versions like Umberto Eco's The Infinity of Lists, a book composed entirely of lists.
In 2009, posts in the format "25 Random Things About Me" became an Internet meme, starting on Facebook but spreading to the broader web, and attracting considerable media coverage in the process.
Strawberry Shortcake (2003 TV series)

Strawberry Shortcake is an direct-to-video animated television series. It was made by Nelvana. The series is based on the franchise of the same name. It was first broadcast in March 2003. The series has 45 episodes. There is also one short and one movie. Parts of the series havee been broadcast by Nickelodeon, and Nicktoons. The series has also been broadcast in syndication.
Release information
Home Video
Nickelodeon began releasing the series direct-to-video in the United States in March 2003. The first few episodes were released on both TV DVD and VHS. Some of these were also bundled with toys. Later episodes are DVD-only. They are also available on VideoCD in South-East Asia and in some other places. The first four episodes have only one story. They were twice the length of other episodes.
From Season 2 onwards, the DVDs and VHS's are "compilations". In them, Strawberry tells the story of her adventures using her "remembering book". In Season 4, the stories were shown as simple flashbacks.
Vertical bar

A vertical bar is the glyph "|". It has several other names besides vertical bar, such as "pipe", "vertical slash", and "bar". In mathematics, it may be put on both sides of a real or complex number to mean its absolute value. When applied on both sides of a matrix, it means its determinant. When placed in between two numbers, it means the divisibility relation (for example. means "a divides b").
In mathematics, double vertical bars are also used to refer to various mathematical concepts. These include the parallel relation (as in ) and the norm of a vector (as in ).
Yakuza

, known also as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates in Japan.
Yakuza call themselves ninkyo dantai (chivalrous organizations) which the Japanese media and police call them boryokudan (violence group). They are the world's largest criminal organization and have about 103,000 members. The three biggest Yakuza families are Yamaguchi-gumi, Sumiyoshi-kai, and Inagawa-kai. During the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, they opened their offices to help refugees and sent dozens of trucks with supplies to affected areas.
Yvette Chauviré

Yvette Chauvire (22 April 1917 - 19 October 2016) was a French prima ballerina and actress. She was born in Paris. Her dancing career was from 1937 to 1972. She was the etoile of the Paris Opera Ballet, and later its director. She was the holder of the Legion d'Honneur.
She died at her home in Paris on 19 October 2016, aged 99.
Consumer

In economics, a consumer is a person or organization that uses services, goods, or commodities.
Economics and marketing
A consumer is a person that buys a good for consumption. They don't buy goods to sell them again. The consumer is a person who pays money needed to buy goods and services produced. Consumers are important in the economic system of a country. Without consumer demand, producers don't have a reason to produce. A producer's main reason to produce is to sell things to consumers. The consumer is also part of the chain of distribution.
Bootylicious

Bootylicious is a song sung by R&B girl group Destiny's Child. It is on their third album Survivor 2001 and was the second single from the album. It was their fourth U.S. number-one single and reached the top-five in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. The music video was directed by Matthew Rolston.
The word "bootylicious" is a combination of "booty" (buttocks) and "delicious".
The Creation of Adam

The Creation of Adam is part of a painting by Michelangelo which can be seen on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican City. It is of Adam and God touching hands so that God can give the spark of life to Adam.
Brackish water

Brackish water (less commonly brack water) is salt water and fresh water mixed together. It is saltier than fresh water, but not as salty as seawater. It may result from mixing of seawater with fresh water, as in estuaries, or it may occur in brackish fossil aquifers.
Some human activities can produce brackish water, mostly certain civil engineering projects such as dikes and the flooding of coastal marshland to produce brackish pools for freshwater prawns.
Technically, brackish water contains between 0.5 and 30 grams of salt per litre--more often expressed as 0.5 to 30 parts per thousand (ppt or %0). Thus, brackish covers a range of salinity regimes and is not considered a precisely defined condition. It is characteristic of many brackish surface waters that their salinity can vary considerably over space and/or time.
Etymology
The term brackish water comes from the Low German word Brack, which is a small lake made when a storm tide breaks a dike and floods land behind the dike.
Brackish water habitats
Estuaries
The most important brackish water habitats are estuaries, where a river meets the sea, mixing salt and fresh water. The River Thames flowing through London is one of the most familiar of river estuaries.
Mangroves
Another important brackish water habitat is the mangrove swamp or mangal.
Brackish seas and lakes
Some seas and lakes are brackish. The Baltic Sea is a brackish sea adjoining the North Sea.
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake and contains brackish water with a salinity about one-third that of normal seawater. The Caspian is famous for its peculiar animal fauna, including one of the few non-marine seals (the Caspian seal) and the great sturgeons, the source of caviar.
Paxton, Massachusetts

Paxton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
Constitutional Act 1791

The Contitution Act of 1791 is a law issued by the British Parliament under King George III in response to the demands of the United Empire Loyalists asking for elected representation. It split a British colony called the Province of Quebec into two separate provinces. The province of Upper Canada since renamed Ontario and the province of Lower Canada since renamed Quebec. Each was given elected representatives to let the government know what they wanted but who didn't have any actual power.
Shojiro Sugimura

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. He is sometimes known as Shojiro Nomura (Ye Cun Zheng Er Lang ).
Biography
Sugimura was born in Osaka on April 4, 1905. He played for Waseda WMW which was consisted of his alma mater Waseda University players and graduates. At the club, he played with many Japan national team players Shigeyoshi Suzuki, Haruo Arima, Misao Tamai, Tamotsu Asakura, Shigeru Takahashi, Nagayasu Honda, Ko Takamoro and Michiyo Taki.
In August 1927, when Sugimura was a Waseda University student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Shanghai. At this competition, on August 27, he debuted against Republic of China.
After retirement, Sugimura joined Japan Football Association and served as a director. He also worked Ministry of Education, Science and Culture and taught as professor at Sophia University.
On January 15, 1975, Sugimura died of myocardial infarction in Bunkyo, Tokyo at the age of 69.
Detlev Dammeier

Detlev Dammeier (born 18 October 1968) is a German football coach and a former player who was the last athletic director of Arminia Bielefeld.
Career
Dammeier was born in Stadthagen. In 1986, he signed his first professional contract with Hannover 96. From 1989 to 1992 he played for the Hamburger SV and moved to VfL Wolfsburg in the 2. Bundesliga. In 1997, Wolfsburg was promoted to the Bundesliga. In 2000, Dammeier moved to Arminia Bielefeld in the 2. Bundesliga. With this club he was promoted both in 2002 and 2004 to the Bundesliga. He finally finished his playing career at the end of the 2005-06 season.
Sound card

A sound card (or audio card) is the part of the computer hardware that controls the input and output of the sound signals. A sound card is what is known as an expansion card. This means that the card can be added to the motherboard.
Nowadays, most of the audio cards are integrated with the motherboard. That means they are built into a mainboard and can not be removed. In other words, it is not an expansion card anymore. They only offer line-in, speaker, and microphone connections. For most users this is enough. When thinking of computer architecture, the integrated circuit sound cards occupy less space and thus became very popular and practical, especially for laptop computers. For more features like MIDI ports for connection of musical instruments and low latency requirements (so that the sound does not come distorted under heavy system usage) sound cards as expansion cards can be used. Modern expansion sound cards use the PCI computer bus standard. Earlier sound cards used the ISA computer bus, which was half-duplex, so the sound cards could not record and play simultaneously.
Input and output signals
What we hear in speakers is an analog (current, voltage or electric charge) output of the signal. For example, stored on a hard disk digital code is transferred under a control of some application (for example Winamp) to the sound card. Up in there, a special chip, called digital-to-analog converter, changes the binary code into the analog sound. Afterwards, signal is sent to a jack (in modern audio cards it has the green color) where the speakers are connected. The result is a nice waveform of our favorite digital medium, e.g. an mp3.
A typical sound input device is a microphone, connected to the red/pink jack socket. The sound wave is digitized and then it may be stored as a file using data compression algorithms which make the file smaller. Of course all of this is done under the control of some software.
Dunlop Tyres

Dunlop Tyres, or simply Dunlop, is one of the biggest manufacturers of tyres for cars and motorcycles. From 1999 to 2015, it was a joint-venture of Sumitomo Rubber Industries and Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. Since 2015, the two companies have split up the market. John Boyd Dunlop founded the company in 1888, when he got a patent for the first pneumatic rubber tyre.
Solemont

Solemont is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
Silver Apples

Silver Apples were an American electronic rock group from New York between 1967 and 1970.
Background
It was made-up of Simeon (born Simeon Oliver Coxe III; June 4, 1938 - September 8, 2020), who performed on a synthesizer, drummer Danny Taylor.
The duo were among the first to use electronic music techniques outside of academia.
Qianlong Emperor

The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 1711 - 7 February 1799) was the fifth Emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 to 1796.
Born Hongli, the fourth son of the Yongzheng Emperor, he reigned officially from 11 October 1735 to 8 February 1796. In 1796, he abdicated in favour of his son, the Jiaqing Emperor, out of filial piety towards his grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor, who ruled for 61 years, so that he would remain the longest-reigning emperor.
Lost!

Lost is a series of songs/singles recorded especially by Coldplay. The songs are a part of the full extended version of Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends called Prospect's March Edition.
Marshall County, Mississippi

Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 37,144 people lived there. Its county seat is Holly Springs. The county is named for Chief Justice of the United States John Marshall.
Tom Conti

Thomas Antonio "Tom" Conti (born November 22, 1941) is an Scottish writer, movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles in; Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence, Shirley Valentine, Rueben, Rueben, The Tempest, Saving Grace, The Dark Knight Rises, Paddington 2 and Oppenheimer. Conti has won a Tony Award in 1979.
Conti was born on 22 November 1941 in Paisley, Scotland to a Scottish mother and Italian father. He studied at Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama. Conti has been married to Kara Drummond Wilson since 1967. They have a daughter, comedienne Nina Conti.
Udayarpalayam taluk

Udayarpalayam taluk is a taluk of Ariyalur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Jayankondam.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Udayarpalayam had a population of 384,800 with 190,974 males and 193,826 females. There were 1015 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 65.6. Child population in the age group below 6 was 20,417 males and 17,971 females.
Viber

Viber is an application for iOS, Windows Phone and Android OS. It lets users make free phone calls and send free text messages to anyone who has the application installed. Viber works on both 3G and Wi-Fi networks. A version for BlackBerry devices is in the works, according to Viber.
As of March 2017, this application is said to have 800 million registered users worldwide. In 2017, the app introduced a new feature "secret chats" wherein, the users are given an option to start conversations that self-destruct after a certain time limit.
Hemphill, Texas

Hemphill is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Sabine County.
Saint-Martin-de-Connée

Saint-Martin-de-Connee is a former commune of 420 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2021, it was merged into the new commune of Vimartin-sur-Orthe.
Yucca moth

Yucca moths are a family of moths (Lepidopera). There are about 80 species, in two subfamilies. Many of them are specific to one or a few species of agave-like plants. The moths live inside the plants. They are an example of co-evolution: many moths evolved with the specific host plant. The host plants sometimes adapted that they need specific moths for pollination.
Torcy, Pas-de-Calais

Torcy, Pas-de-Calais is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Piverone

Piverone is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
FanMail

FanMail is the third studio album by American girl group TLC. It was released on February 23, 1999. It was released by LaFace Records. It features a more electronic and hip hop influence to the album, along with the group's signature R&B sound.
Release and reception
On the first day of release, the album sold 318,000 copies in the United States. It debuted at number one on the US Bollboard 200 and the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It also reached the top ten in Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. The album was given eight Grammy Awards nominations. It won the Grammy Award for "Album of the Year". According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album sold 4,700,000 copies in the United States. It was certified 6x Platinum (6,000,000 copies shipped) by the RIAA.
Gamera (character)

Gamera () is a giant turtle monster from the movie series of the same name. may of the Gamera series after 12 movies himself in 1966-2008. Gamera depicted as a prehistoric giant turtle over the height from 60 meters to 80 meters high than the incarnations.
Emory Tate

Emory Andrew Tate II (December 27, 1958 - October 17, 2015) was an American chess player. His son is Emory Andrew Tate III.
Biography
Tate II was born in Chicago to Emory Andrew Tate I, an attorney and soldier of the United States army.
Legacy
The American black grandmaster Maurice Ashley termed Tate "a trailblazer for African-American chess".
Community service

Community service is work done by individuals or groups of people, to the benefit of their community. Community service is usually done at little or no pay. It is different from volunteering, as there are situations where it isn't done voluntarily
Some people who have been convicted of a crime may be required to perform community service as part of their conviction.
Some countries require part or all of their citizens to do military service. For those people who refuse to carry arms or to serve in the military, there usually is an option to replace the military service with some form of community service.
Hurstbourne Acres, Kentucky

Hurstbourne Acres is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
1303

1303 (MCCCIII) was .
Events
24 February: Battle of Roslin
20 April: Pope Boniface VIII starts the University of Rome La Sapienza
October 22 - Pope Benedict XI replaces Pope Boniface VIII as the 194th pope.
Edward I of England fights for and wins back Scotland (see also: William Wallace, Wars of Scottish Independence)
The Khilji Dynasty under Alauddin Khilji beats Chittorgarh in northern India.
Births
Saint Birgitta, Swedish saint (died 1373)
Gegeen Khan, Mongol emperor of China (died 1323)
Deaths
October 11 - Pope Boniface VIII
Daniel of Russia, he was the first prince of Moscow
Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria, emperor of Bulgaria
Beatrix of Castile, wife of King Afonso III of Portugal (born 1242)
Other
Avoirdupois system of weights and measures comes to England and Wales.
Ammakandakara

Ammakandakara is a village in Adoor Municipality in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala, India.
The Chennampallil Sree Dharma Shasta and Devi temple are situating at the centre of the village.
David Garcia

David Garcia is an American politician and educator. He was the Democratic Party's nominee in the 2018 Arizona gubernatorial election. He lost to Doug Ducey.
Garcia is an associate professor at Arizona State University's Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College.
Embu (footballer)

Sergio Henrique Savoia Bernardes (born May 18, 1973) is a former Brazilian football player.
Grigny, Pas-de-Calais

Grigny, Pas-de-Calais is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Re-boot (Golden Child album)

Re-boot is the first studio album by South Korean band, Golden Child. The album was released on 18 November 2019 by recording label, Woollim Entertainment. Consists of 12 songs, the track "WANNABE" was chosen as the title track for the album.
Citipati

Citipati (pronounced in Hindi, meaning 'funeral pyre lord') is a genus of oviraptorid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now Mongolia.
Wong Tai Sin Temple (Guangzhou)

Wong Tai Sin Temple () is a Taoist temple in Huadi County, Fangcun District, Guangzhou. It is dedicated to the Chinese deity Wong Tai Sin. It is a major tourist attraction. This temple is very famous in the Pearl River Delta.
Bergues-sur-Sambre

Bergues-sur-Sambre is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Amendeuix-Oneix

Amendeuix-Oneix is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Horseland (TV series)

Horseland is a Canadian-American animated television series. It was made by DIC Entertainment and Cookie Jar Group. The program is a comic mischief program that shows the events in the lives of a group of children riding at Horseland, Horseland is an equestrian school and stables. The adventures include riding the horses and entering in competitions to test their skill. The series had two different stories in each episode. It was cancelled after three season. A total of thirty-nine episodes were made. The series was first broadcast on September 16, 2006 on Discovery Channel's Discovery Kids block in the United States.
Bill Lienhard

William Barner Lienhard (January 14, 1930 - February 8, 2022) was an American basketball player. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal. Lienhard was born in Slaton, Texas.
Lienhard died on February 8, 2022, at the age of 92.
Joe Principe

Joe Principe (born November 14, 1974) is the bass guitarist, co-composer and co-founder of the punk rock band Rise Against. He is known for his complex bass patterns in their songs. He is also a strict vegetarian, an animal rights advocate and actively promotes PETA with his band.
Biography
Joe started his musical career at age 15, learning to play by ear and influenced during his formative years by Bad Religion, Minor Threat, Bad Brains, the Descendents and other similar bands. Starting out in Chicago punk band 88 Fingers Louie. After 6 years of touring and releasing records with the band, Joe made Rise Against with singer/guitarist Tim McIlrath, former 88 Fingers Louie guitarist Mr. Precision, and drummer Brandon Barnes. In 2002, Mr. Precison left and was replaced by Todd Mohney, who was replaced by Chris Chasse in 2004, who was later replaced by guitarist Zach Blair in 2007. Rise Against released their first two records (The Unraveling, and Revolutions Per Minute) on Fat Wreck Chords, and their next two (Siren Song of the Counter Culture, and The Sufferer & the Witness) on Geffen.
Arif Dirlik

Arif Dirlik (1940 - December 1, 2017) was a Turkish-American historian. He has published many works on historiography and political ideology in modern China, as well as issues in modernity, globalization, and post-colonial criticism. Dirlik received a BSc in Electrical Engineering at Robert College, Istanbul in 1964 and a PhD in History at the University of Rochester in 1973.
Dirlik died in Eugene, Oregon on December 1, 2017 at the age of 77.
Keshav Sthapit

Keshav Sthapit (b. 1956) is a Nepali politician. He is a former mayor of the Kathmandu metropolitan area. He was a former member of the provincial Assembly and a minister in Bagmati Pradesh. In 1997, Keshav Sthapit won the election for mayor of Kathmandu. He was chosen by the King to serve as Mayor of Kathmandu after the royal takeover in 2005. He joined the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) once democracy was restored and was appointed as a Commissioner of the Kathmandu Valley Development Authority, but he was fired from his position after just nine months.
Actress (1943 movie)

Actress () is a 1943 Soviet comedy movie directed by Leonid Trauberg. It stars Galina Sergeyeva, Boris Babochkin, and Zinaida Morskaya.
Transcription factor

Transcription factors help to regulate genes. Each transcription factor binds to a specific DNA sequence. That is how they control the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.
A transcription factor is sometimes called a 'sequence-specific DNA-binding factor'. Alone or with other proteins, they promote or block RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is the enzyme that copies genetic information from DNA to RNA for specific genes.
Transcription factors have one or more DNA-binding domains (DBDs). These attach to sequences of DNA next to the genes they regulate. Other proteins (such as coactivators, chromatin remodellers, histone acetylases or deacetylases, kinases, and methylases) also play crucial roles in gene regulation. Because they lack DNA-binding domains, they are not called transcription factors.
Renswoude

Renswoude is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 5,259 people lived there.
Brian Aherne

William Brian de Lacy Aherne (2 May 190210 February 1986) was an English actor.
His first Broadway appearance in The Barretts of Wimpole Street in 1931 teamed him with Katherine Cornell.
He starred with Madeleine Carroll, Bette Davis, Marlene Dietrich, Rita Hayworth and Carole Lombard in many movies. He was an Oscar-nominated for his role as Emperor Maxmilian in Juarez (1939).
On TV he appeared in Wagon Train and Rawhide.
Kris Versteeg

Kristopher Royce Versteeg (born May 13, 1986) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He played for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Toronto Maple Leafs, Philadelphia Flyers, Calgary Flames, Los Angeles Kings and Florida Panthers.
Career
Before playing in the NHL, Versteeg played 5 seasons in the Western Hockey League (WHL). 3 seasons with the Lethbridge Hurricanes, 1 seasons with the Kamloops Blazers and 1 season with the Red Deer Rebels.
He was drafted with the 134th overall pick by the Boston Bruins in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. He played 2 seasons with their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, Providence Bruins and was traded along with a conditional draft pick to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Brandon Bochenski.
He played 3 seasons with the Blackhawks and won the Stanley Cup with them during the 2009-10 NHL season. His name was originally misspelled "Kris Vertseeg" when it was engraved on the Stanley Cup but it was quickly corrected afterwards. Versteeg was traded to the Toronto Maple Leafs along with the rights to prospect Bill Sweatt for Viktor Stalberg, Chris DiDomenico, and Philippe Paradis because of salary cap restraints.
He played 1 season with the Maple Leafs and was traded to the Philadelphia Flyers for first-round and third-round draft picks. He only played 20 games for the Flyers and was again traded, this time to the Florida Panthers for a second-round and a third-round pick.
Versteeg would play 1 season and 28 games with the Panthers before being traded back to the Chicago Blackhawks on November 14, 2013 in exchange for Jimmy Hayes and Dylan Olsen. On June 15, 2015, he won his second Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Tampa Bay Lightning in six games.
On September 11, 2015, Versteeg was traded along with Joakim Nordstrom to the Carolina Hurricanes in exchange for a 3rd round draft pick in the 2017 NHL Entry Draft. Versteeg and Nordstrom were traded because the Blackhawks had to make cap space for Marcus Kruger.
Jonathan Edwards (theologian)

Jonathan Edwards (October 5, 1703 - March 22, 1758) was a colonial American preacher, theologian, and missionary to Native Americans. He was one of the most important people in the Great Awakening, a religious movement in the United States. He preached a sermon called "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God".
St. Nicholas Church, Leipzig

The St. Nicholas Church () is a church in Leipzig. It was built in 1165. The church became a Gothic church in the 16th century. Baroque towers were added in the 18th century. Johann Sebastian Bach was the music director of the church from 1723 to 1750. People held peaceful demonstrations against the communist government of East Germany on the church from 1989 to 1991.
The Grand Inquisitor

"The Grand Inquisitor" is a parable told by Ivan to Alyosha in Fyodor Dostoevsky's novel The Brothers Karamazov (1879-1880). Ivan and Alyosha are brothers; Ivan questions the possibility of a kind, caring God. If there is a kind God, Ivan argues, why do people suffer, especially children?
"The Grand Inquisitor" is an important part of the novel and one of the most famous parts of it because of its ideas about humans and Gods, and because of its mysteriousness.
Dostoevsky's notebooks show that he had the idea of "The Grand Inquisitor" after he saw it in a play by Friedrich Schiller, Don Carlos (1785-1787).
Capcom

is a Japanese video game company. They are most known for the Mega Man series, Resident Evil series, Steel battalion and Street fighther.
They were founded on May 30, 1979.
Commoners

The terms commoners, common people or the masses refers to ordinary people who are members of neither the nobility nor the priesthood. In a system of social classes, they are those without title or rank. Since the 20th century, the term common people has been used in its place. It refers to typical members of society in contrast to those who are highly privileged (in either wealth or influence).
History
In Europe, a concept of common people started in the classical antiquity of ancient Rome around the 6th century BC. The Roman social division was into patricians (nobles) and plebeians (commoners). The division may have been instituted by King Servius Tullius as an alternative to the previous three noble tribes or clans, whose divisions had caused conflict.
The ancient Greeks generally had no concept of class and their leading social divisions were simply non-Greeks, free-Greeks and slaves. With the growth of Christianity in the 4th century AD, a new world view arose in European thinking about social division, which continued until at least early modern times.
Saint Augustine stated that social division was a result of the Fall of Man. The three leading divisions were considered to be the priesthood (clergy), the nobility, and the common people. That would sometimes be expressed as "those who prayed", "those who fought" and "those who worked". The Latin terms for the three classes (oratores, bellatores and laboratores) are often found even in modern textbooks, and have been used in sources since the 9th century.
Spaghetti (disambiguation)

Spaghetti is a long thin form of pasta.
Spaghetti or spaghetto may also refer to:
Spaghetti
Spaghetti (movie), a 1916 movie starring Oliver Hardy
Spaghetti squash, a fruit
Spaghetti code, in software
Spaghetti plot, a method of showing possible flows through systems
Spaghetti Western, a genre of films produced by Italian production companies in the 1960s
Spaghetti Records, a record label
Spaghetti sort, a sorting algorithm.
Angry Birds Go!

Angry Birds Go! is a racing game developed by Rovio Entertainment. It is the first 3D video game by the company. It is also the first racing game in the Angry Birds series.
Camden, Maine

Camden is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States.
Göttingen

Gottingen is a city in Germany.
It is in the state of Lower Saxony.
Gottingen is known worldwide for its university.
Location
Gottingen is on the Leine river.
The city is in the valley of the Leine river.
There are mountains to the west and east of Gottingen.
Gottingen is near a center of Germany.
There are many methods to calculate the center of a country.
Gottingen is about west-south-west of the center of Germany.
This center's location is calculated by the 3D-model of Germany.
People
There live about 130,000 people in Gottingen.
There are about 30,000 university students.
The university and its hospital are a big employer.
Because of this, almost one third of people in Gottingen are there because of the university.
In Germany people must be allowed to stay.
In 2020, 29.2% of the people allowed to live in Gottingen had a migration background.
Buildings
Sights
The most known sight is a water spring.
The spring has a bronze statue.
The statue is a girl.
She carries three geese.
The sight is called .
It is located on a square.
The square is in front of the old city hall.
Places of worship
There are many places of worship.
There are many churches.
There are also synagogues.
Traffic
Gottingen is next to the autobahn number 7.
Gottingen has a train station.
Many high-speed trains stop at the train station.
Today, there is no airport.
During Nazi Germany there was an airport.
The airport was for small planes.
Many people use a bicycle.
There are many bicycle paths.
On some streets bicycles have priority.
Sverigetopplistan

Sverigetopplistan, also known as Topplistan and Hitlistan, is since October 2007 the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from Swedish Recording Industry Association. Since late 2006 the chart has included legal downloads.
Stockholm Cathedral

The Stockholm Cathedral () is a cathedral in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It belongs to the Stockholm Cathedral Parish of the Church of Sweden. The church building serves the Diocese of Stockholm. It has been around since the 12th century.
Russellville, Alabama

Russellville is a city in Franklin County in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 8,971. The city is the county seat of Franklin County.
Elektra (character)

Elektra Natchios is a fictional character. She appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Cast
Jennifer Garner portrayed Elektra in the films Daredevil (2003) and Elektra (2005). Elodie Yung portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Daredevil and The Defenders.
Minnesota Twins

The Minnesota Twins are a Major League Baseball team in Minneapolis, Minnesota. They began in 1901 as the Washington Senators, based in Washington, D.C. They moved to the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area in 1961. That area is often called the "Twin Cities", so the team was renamed the "Twins". They have often worn a "TC" emblem on their uniforms and caps.
As the Senators, they were not very successful overall. They had some strong teams in the 1920s and 1930s, but most years they played poorly. As the Twins, they have had much better success, with two World Series championships, in 1987 and 1991, and many other post-season games.
They first played at Metropolitan Stadium in the suburb of Bloomington, Minnesota. They moved to the Metrodome in 1982, and then to Target Field in 2010.
Robin Hood (roller coaster)

Robin Hood is a wooden roller coaster at Walibi Holland in the Netherlands.
Information
Robin Hood was designed by Stand Company and built by Vekoma in 2000. It has a capacity of 815 people per hour. The coaster has 2 trains, both having 4 cars with 6 seats (per train 24 people). A ride takes about 2.5 minutes and the coaster is about 1 kilometer long. The ride will close in 2018 for an RMC make-over.