kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Everglades

The Everglades is a flat tropical river and mangrove swamp. It is in the southern part of Florida near the city of Miami. The Everglades usually has tropical river delta which runs slowly through a low-lying basin near sea level. There are many plants and many animals that live here. It is the only place in the world where crocodiles and alligators live together. It is a National Park and part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
National park
Being a national park in the U.S. state of Florida, it helps protect around 25 percent of the original Everglades. It is the largest subtropical forest in the United States. On average, around one million people visit it each year.
It is the third-largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone. It is an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance. It is one of only three parks in the world to be on all three lists.
Unlike most national parks in the US, Everglades National Park was started to protect a weak ecosystem and its unique geographic feature. The Everglades are wetlands. It is created by a slow-moving river coming from Lake Okeechobee. It flows through the Kissimmee River to the southwest at about per day, to Florida Bay.
The park protects a connected network of marshland and forest ecosystems. They are maintained by natural forces. There are thirty-six species of endangered and threatened living in the park. Some of them are: Florida panther, the American crocodile, and the West Indian manatee.
The park protects the largest U.S. wilderness area east of the Mississippi River. It is the most significant breeding place for tropical wading birds in North America. It also has the largest mangrove ecosystem in the Western hemisphere.
It is also home to more than 350 species of birds, 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish, 40 species of mammals, and 50 species of reptiles live within Everglades National Park.
Diversion and quality of water
All of South Florida's fresh water are kept in the Biscayne Aquifer. They are also recharged in the park. Only less than 50 percent of the Everglades water remain today.
Between the 1940s and 2000s, the number of wading birds has become smaller. It has reached around 90 percent decrease from their original numbers .
The diversion of water to South Florida's still-growing metropolitan areas is the number one threat for the park's inhabitants.
In the 1950s and 1960s, of canals and levees, 150 gates and spillways, and 16 pumping stations were built to lead water towards the cities and away from the Everglades. Low levels of water leave many fishes vulnerable to reptiles and birds. As sawgrass dry, it can burn or die off.
As a result, many apple snails and other animals that wading birds feed upon, are killed. Populations of birds have been dropping.
In 2009, the South Florida Water Management District claimed that the number of wading birds across South Florida have increased by 335%. However, despite three years of reported higher numbers, The Miami Herald discovered the same year that populations of waders in the park decreased by 29%.
Set partitioning in hierarchical trees

SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) is a compression algorithm intended for compression of wavelet transform coefficients. It was introduced by Amir Said and William A. Pearlman in 1996. Its predecessor was EZW coding algorithm.
More practically, SPIHT progressively transforms these coefficients into a bit stream. This stream can be anywhere cut off. During decoding coefficients are increasingly refined.
Raila Odinga

Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) also popularly known to his supporters as Agwambo, is a Kenyan politician. He was the last Prime Minister of Kenya. He was elected in 2008. He was leading to a coalition government from 2008 to 2013. He was the last prime minister of Kenya until the position was abolished in 2013.
Raila Odinga was born at Maseno Church Missionary Society Hospital, in Maseno, Kisumu District, Nyanza Province on 7 January 1945.
Odinga has unsuccessfully ran for President of Kenya five times, most recently in the 2022 election.
Mehdi Mahdavikia

Mehdi Mahdavikia (born 24 July 1977) is an Iranian football player. He plays for Steel Azin and Iran national team.
While You See a Chance

"While You See a Chance" is a 1980 song by English singer Steve Winwood and taken from his second studio album Arc of a Diver. It went to number 3 in Canada, number 7 in the United States, number 10 in the Netherlands and number 16 in Australia.
1980 songs
Steve Winwood songs
Joe Cocker songs
Kiawentiio Tarbell

Kiawenti:io Tarbell (born 28 April 2006), also mononymously known as Kiawentiio, is a Canadian Mohawk actress, singer-songwriter, and visual artist. She is known for playing Ka'kwet in the third season of the CBC series Anne with an E (2017). She is set to play Katara in the upcoming Netflix live-action remake of Avatar: The Last Airbender. She will voice a character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe animated series What If...? (2021).
European Rugby Champions Cup

The European Rugby Champions Cup is a major European rugby competition involving the leading clubs from England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, France and Italy. It began in the 1995-96 season as the Heineken Cup, with sponsorship from major brewery Heineken, and kept that name through the 2013-14 season. Disagreements between the leagues that sent teams to the competition led to the end of the Heineken Cup, with the Champions Cup taking its place starting in 2014-15.
Toulouse have won the competition a record four times, Leinster and Toulon three times, while Munster, Leicester Tigers and Wasps have won it twice each. Toulon are the only team to have won three times in a row, winning the last two Heineken Cups in 2013 and 2014 and the first Champions Cup in 2015. The current champions are Saracens.
Reagill

Reagill is a hamlet in Crosby Ravensworth, Eden, Cumbria, England. It has four listed buildings, including Garden Structure 50 Metres South of Yew Tree Farmhouse, Garden Structure South East of Yew Tree Farmhouse, Reagill Grange and Village Hall.
Little grass frog

The little grass frog, tree frog, least tree frog, black-spotted tree frog, or little chorus frog (Pseudacris ocularis) is a frog. It lives in the southeastern United States. It lives as far north as Virginia and far south as Florida.
The adult frog is long from nose to rear end. It is very small. There is some webbed skin on each foot. The toes have disks on them for climbing. This frog has a stripe on each side of its body, going over each eye.
Bruce McCandless II

Bruce McCandless II (June 8, 1937 - December 21, 2017), (Capt, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. During the first of his two Space Shuttle missions he made the first ever untethered free flight using the Manned Maneuvering Unit in 1984. This action was settled amicably on January 14, 2011.
He logged more than 5,200 hours flying time, including 5,000 hours in jet aircraft.
On December 21, 2017, McCandless died in Denver, Colorado at age 80.
All Hope Is Gone

All Hope Is Gone is the fourth studio album by American metal band Slipknot. All Hope Is Gone was released on August 20, 2008. The album was released through Roadrunner Records. The album featured the singles "Psychosocial" and "All Hope Is Gone".
Sans serif

In typography, a sans serif typeface is one that does not have the tiny feet called "serifs" at the end of strokes.
The term comes from the French word sans, meaning "without" and "serif" from the Dutch word schreef meaning "line".
Sans serif typefaces have been used since the 18th century, but became most used in the twentieth century as the modern art movement developed. Most designers of typefaces were artists. Some were outstanding in other artistic fields, and were part of the wider artistic culture of their times.
The apostle of sans serif was Jan Tschichold (2 April 1902 Leipzig, Germany - 11 August 1974 Locarno, Switzerland), a German-Swiss graphic designer.
Tschichold not only designed typefaces, he showed how they could be used in the design of book printing. He was a chief designer for Penguin Books after the Second World War.
Sans serif faces are most used for display signs, advertising and for headings in books. Although they seem to work well for the text in books, they are much less used for that purpose.
Michael

Michael [ mahy-kuhl ] is a male Hebrew name, popular in English. It is from the angel Michael in the Bible. (See for example Book of Revelation 12:7) The moniker Michael has been a beloved choice for boys for centuries, boasting a rich history and profound significance that appeals to parents seeking a powerful and meaningful name for their offspring. Originating from the Hebrew name Mikha'el, the name Michael translates to "who is like God?" and holds deep biblical roots. It is closely linked to the archangel Michael, recognized as one of the most potent angels in both Christian and Jewish teachings. Michael is also popular in English speaking countries, and in modified forms, many other countries. This name was ranked #17 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
The Changeling (movie)

The Changeling is a 1980 Canadian horror movie directed by Peter Medak and starring George C. Scott, Trish Van Devere, Melvyn Douglas, John Colicos, Jean Marsh, Roberta Maxwell. It was distributed by ITC Entertainment.
Rock Band 2

Rock Band 2 is an interactive music game by Harmonix. It is a sequel to the game Rock Band. To play the game, players use a microphone to sing or a controller to hit notes on the screen. Players get points by hitting the right notes at the right time. Earning points can help a player earn stars, which show how well a player performed the song. If a player misses too many notes or hits too many of the wrong notes, they fail out of the song. It has a quickplay mode and a world tour mode.
In quickplay mode, players choose songs from a list to play. In world tour mode, players can play songs in venues (public places) in cities around the world. Rock Band 2 also has a practice mode, where players can play a song without failing out of it. Players can choose one of four skill levels to play. The skill levels are Easy, Medium, Hard, and Expert.The songs in Rock Band 2 are sorted by how hard they are to play. Zero dots means the song is one of the easiest to play, and five red dots means that the song is one of the hardest. Players can play solo (by themselves) or with other people.
Jean-Luc Picard

Jean-Luc Picard is a Star Trek: The Next Generation character. Patrick Stewart played him. He was the captain of the USS Enterprise-D, and later of the USS Enterprise-E. He was born in la Barre, France, on Earth. He had a brother, named Robert Picard. Jean-Luc was proud of being French.
As a character, Picard is very similar to James T. Kirk, albeit slightly older. While Picard is understood to be French, Kirk is of Irish heritage.
Both require equal discipline of their crews, but are also fair toward them. Both are ready to sacrifice themselves for their crews when need be. Their encounter in the movie Star Trek - Generations gave the surviving Picard a great deal of newfound strength to carry on his demanding mission.
Picard was also known as Locutus of the Borg in the episodes "Best of Both Worlds" 1 and 2.
List of municipalities in New Jersey

This is a list of the 564 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state:
boroughs (250)
cities (52)
towns (15)
townships (245)
villages (3)
New Jersey covers . That makes the average land size of a municipality in the state about . However, but note in the map at right that the sizes are very different.
Ellis Clarke

Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke, TC, GCMG (28 December 191730 December 2010) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second and last Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago and the first President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was one of the people who created Trinidad and Tobago's 1962 Independence constitution.
Karl Offmann

Karl Auguste Offmann, GCSK (25 November 1940 - 12 March 2022) was a Mauritian politician. He became President of Mauritius on 25 February 2002. He was president until Paul Berenger became his prime minister and nominated a new president on 1 October 2003.
Offmann died on 12 March 2022, aged 82.
Caps lock

Caps lock is the name of a key on a computer keyboard. When you press this key, letters that you type will be capital letters (like this, "ABC"), instead of lowercase ("abc"). The caps lock key is usually above the Shift key and below the Tab key on the left side of the keyboard. However, some people prefer it to be in other locations.
The way the caps lock key works is that once you press it, a light may come on, or you may get a message on the screen. This lets you know that text that you type will be in uppercase letters. When you press the key again, the light turns off, or another message may appear, saying that caps lock has been turned off and text you type will be back to lowercase letters.
Some keyboards and typewriters have a key called shift lock. It is a lot like the caps lock key in that letters you type will be in uppercase instead of lowercase. But shift lock also does something else: when it is on, keys which have two symbols on them, such as the number keys in the top row, will print the symbol on top, instead of the symbol on the bottom. For example, pressing the key with the number 1 on it will print the exclamation mark ("!") instead of the number 1. The caps lock key does not do this; it only affects the letter keys.
People who type a lot, such as those who use typewriters, use the shift key instead of the caps lock or shift lock keys unless they have to type many capital letters in a row. But there is also a neat trick you can do with the caps lock and shift keys: when caps lock is on, you can hold the shift key while typing and what you type will be in lowercase letters instead of capitals. This can be done on some computers, such as those running Microsoft Windows computers.
Not all computers have a caps lock key. Some of those that don't have been made for the One Laptop Per Child program.
Stinging nettle

Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) are a type of plant which have stinging defensive hairs on the leaves and stems. Stinging nettles can be found in America, Europe and Asia.
Sting mechanism
The hairs inject histamine and other chemicals that produce a stinging sensation when contacted by humans and other animals. Soaking stinging nettles in water or cooking removes the stinging chemicals from the plant, which allows them to be handled and eaten without injury.
Usage
The plant has been used as medicine, food, tea and fibre. Nettles are sometimes used in cheesemaking, as nettle soup or as substitute for spinach. Its stems contain a bast fibre that is used for the same purposes as linen. Nettles have been used to make clothing for 2,000 years.
Ecology
Stinging nettles are important food plants for several butterflies, like the peacock butterfly and the small tortoiseshell. Also some deers and other animals eat the plant, preferred the leaf shot.
Great Australian Bight

The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay. It is off the central and western parts of the southern coastline of mainland Australia.
The Bight's boundaries are from Cape Pasley, Western Australia, to Cape Carnot, South Australia. This is a distance of 1,160 km or 720 miles.
The much more accepted name in Australia for the connected waterbody is the Southern Ocean rather than the Indian Ocean.
The settlements along the coastline with access to the Bight and facilities are Ceduna and Eucla. Some other locations on the Eyre Highway or on the Nullarbor do not have facilities or easy access.
Natural history
The coast line of the Great Australian Bight has cliff faces (up to 60 m high), surfing beaches and rock platforms, ideal for whale-watching. The Great Australian Bight receives very little of the runoff that fertilises most continental shelves. It is essentially a marine desert. It is probably best noted for the large number of sharks that frequent its coastal waters, as well as the increasing numbers of Southern Right Whales that migrate in the region.
One location on the bight that is for the understanding of the natural history on its coastline is the Eyre Bird Observatory.
Tatjana Schoenmaker

Tatjana Schoenmaker is a swimmer from South Africa. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 9 July 1997.
Chris Messina

Christopher Messina (born August 11, 1974) is an American actor and movie director. He is known for his roles in Vicky Cristina Barcelona, Argo, Julie & Julia, Ruby Sparks, Celeste and Jesse Forever, You've Got Mail and Birds of Prey. He starred in the movie The Giant Mechanical Man.
On television, he appeared in roles as Chris Sanchez in Damages, Reese Lansing in The Newsroom and as Danny Castellano in The Mindy Project.
Lucid Dreams (song)

"Lucid Dreams" (also known as "Lucid Dreams (Forget Me)") is the second single off of American rapper Juice Wrld's debut studio album Goodbye & Good Riddance. It also appears on the 2017 EP JuiceWrld 9 9 9. The song was released on May 4, 2018. The song was able to make it to #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is certified 11x Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Juice Wrld made the song about his pain and feelings after going through a breakup. The song interpolates the 1993 Sting song Shape of my Heart. Sting gave Juice Wrld his blessing to use the song and said "'Lucid Dreams' was my favorite of all the many interpolations of 'Shape of my Heart,' it will resonate for many years to come,"
On May 11, 2018, a music video for the song was released. It was directed by Cole Bennett. In the video, Juice is seen rapping with his head poking up through the floor. Through the video there are scenes of him smoking a joint in a dimly-lit stairwell and exchanging glances with a woman applying heavy makeup in a mirror.
Uwu

uwu, also used as UwU, is an emoticon showing cuteness. The u letters represent eyes, while the w represents a mouth.
Usage
uwu is used to show cuteness, happiness, or kindness. Overuse of the emoticon can also have a effect of annoying its receiver. The emoticon has been popular in the furry fandom.
There's a more surprised variant, OwO (also connected with the furry fandom and the response, "what's this?") that may mean cuteness, as well as curiosity and confusion.
History
uwu is known to exist back as far back as 2005, in an anime fan fiction. The origin of the word is not known, with many people believing it to originate in Internet chat rooms. By 2014, the emoticon had spread across the Internet into Tumblr, becoming an Internet subculture.
The word uwu is included in the Royal Spanish Academy's word observatory, defined as an "emoticon used to show happiness or tenderness".
Notable uses
In 2018, the official Twitter account tweeted "uwu" in response to a tweet by an artist on October 22, 2018.
In 2020, the U.S. Army Esports Twitter account tweeted "uwu" in reply to a tweet by Discord's Twitter account, which was met by lots of backlash from Twitter users. This event ended in a trend of attempting to get banned from the U.S. Army Esports Discord server as fast as possible, with a common technique being to link to the Wikipedia article, United States war crimes.
Nature reserve

A nature reserve (preserve or (national/nature) conserve) is a protected area. It protects wildlife, flora (plants) and fauna (animals). Reserves may also protect geological features or other special interests. A nature reserve is land that is kept for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.
Nature reserves can be created by government institutions. They can also be created by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions, regardless of nationality. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization that helps countries and others with conservation programs and management.
Floyd Patterson

Floyd Patterson (January 4, 1935 - May 11, 2006) was an American heavyweight boxing champion and Olympic gold medalist. Patterson won the gold medal for boxing in the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki, Finland. He was the heavyweight champion of the world from 1956 to 1959 and from 1960 to 1962. Patterson is remembered as the first heavyweight champion to lose the title and get it back within a year.
Career
Patterson's amateur record was 44-4 with 37 knockouts. He began fighting as a middleweight and moved to the light heavyweight division. Patterson's first professional loss was to Joey Maxim in 1954. In January 1956, Patterson married Sandra Hicks. She was his wife until 1969. Their marriage ended because Patterson did not want to quit boxing.
After Rocky Marciano retired, Floyd began aiming at a shot for the vacant heavyweight title. On November 30 1956, Patterson had two very good things happen in his life. His wife gave birth to his first child, and he beat Archie Moore to become the youngest heavyweight champion of the world. That record holds true to this day. He lost the title in 1959 to Ingemar Johanson but he regained it in 1960. In 1962, he lost it again to Sonny Liston. Patterson tried to regain the title two more times from Muhammad Ali in 1965 and 1972. In 1965, he fought for 12 rounds, but on both tries, he failed to win title.
Patterson is also remembered as the first man to win back boxing heavyweight championship. All other champions before him failed.
Savenay

Savenay is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Jordan University of Science and Technology

The Jordan University of Science and Technology ( Jami'at Al-Ulum wa Al-Tiknolojia Al-Urdunia), often abbreviated JUST, is a Jordanian public university. The university is located in the south of Ramtha District, within the boundaries of the city of Ramtha, located in the Irbid Governorate in northern Jordan.
Started in 1986, its first president was the Kamel al-Ajlouni. The number of schools in it has increased, since then, from six to twelve.
Punk in Drublic

Punk in Drublic is the fourth studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. Punk in Drublic was released on July 19, 1994. The producers of the album were Ryan Greene and Fat Mike. It is NOFX's most successful album and peaked at #12 on Billboard's Heatseekers chart.
Victoria Rowell

Victoria Rowell (born May 10, 1960 inPortland, Maine) is an American actress and writer. She stars mostly on television programs. She played the character Drucilla in the CBS soap series The Young and the Restless. She also did other television programs.
Åsen

Asen is a locality in Alvdalen Municipality in Dalarna County in Sweden. In 2010, 246 people lived there.
Sergey Ling

Sergey Stepanovich Ling (; ; born 7 May 1937) is a Belarusian politician and agronomist. He was Prime Minister of Belarus from 1996 to 2000 and Permanent Representative of Belarus to the United Nations from 2000 to 2002.
Sarayu

Sarayu is a river which flows in Uttar Pradesh of India. Sarayu river originates in Himalaya. It flows across 350 km and merges into the Ganga river. Sarayu river is mentioned in Ramayana. Ramayana mention that city of Ayodhya was on the bank of Sarayu river.
Ahom Kingdom

The Ahom kingdom (/'a:ho:m/, 1228-1826) was a late medieval kingdom in the Brahmaputra Valley in Assam. It maintained its sovereignty for nearly 600 years having successfully resisted Mughal expansion in Northeast India. Established by Sukaphaa, a Tai prince from Mong Mao (present-day Yunnan Province, China), it began as a mong in the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra based on wet rice agriculture. It expanded suddenly under Suhungmung in the 16th century and became multi-ethnic in character, casting a profound effect on the political and social life of the entire Brahmaputra valley. The kingdom became weaker with the rise of the Moamoria rebellion, and subsequently fell to repeated Burmese invasions of Assam. With the defeat of the Burmese after the First Anglo-Burmese War and the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826, control of the kingdom passed into East India Company hands.
Chalon-sur-Saône

Chalon-sur-Saone is a city and a commune in the Saone-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region of France. It is the largest city of the department; however, the department capital is the smaller city of Macon.
History
Though the place where is Chalon-sur-Saone now was an important town of the Aedui (Celtic people that lived between the Saone and Loire rivers) and objects of La Tene culture have been found here, the first mention of the town, as Cavillonum or Cabillonum, is found in Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars (VII, chs. 42 and 90).
Geography
Chalon-sur-Saone is on the sides of the Saone river, in the south of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region. The city is at to the southeast of Paris and at to the north of Lyon.
It has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The Saone river flows through the eastern part of the city and the small river Thalie flows through the western part of the commune.
Chalon-sur-Saone is surrounded by the communes Fragnes, Crissey, Chatenoy-en-Bresse, Saint-Marcel, Lux, Saint-Remy, Chatenoy-le-Royal and Champforgeuil.
Climate
The climate of Chalon-sur-Saone, in the Koppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Population
The inhabitants of Chalon-sur-Saone are known, in French, as Chalonnais (women: Chalonnaises).
With a population of 44,985, Chalon-sur-Saone has a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Chalon-sur-Saone
Chalon-sur-Saone forms, with other 9 communes, the urban area of Chalon-sur-Saone, with a population of 74.357 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Chalon-sur-Saone, formed by 90 communes with a population of 134,568 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Administration
Chalon-sur-Saone is a subprefecture of the Saone-et-Loire department since 1800. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saone and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
Chalon-sur-Saone-1 formed by 5 communes and part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 19,093 inhabitants (2014).
Chalon-sur-Saone-2 formed by part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 20,983 inhabitants (2014).
Chalon-sur-Saone-3 formed by the commune Chatenoy-le-Royal and part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 19,559 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Le Grand Chalon ().
Twin cities
Chalon-sur-Saone is a twin town of:
St. Helens, United Kingdom
Solingen, Germany
Novara, Italy
Naestved, Denmark
Places of interest
Some interesting places in Chalon-sur-Saone are:
St. Vincent's Cathedral on the Saint-Vincent Square, which has some elements from the eighth century.
Musee Nicephore-Niepce, a museum on photography.
Musee Vivant-Denon, an art museum.
Gallery
People from Chalon-sur-Saone
Nicephore Niepce (1765-1833), pioneer of photography.
Galtellì

Galtelli (Garteddi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,434 people lived there. Its area is 56.53 km2. It is 35 meters above sea level.
Fatimid Caliphate

The Fatimid Caliphate was ruled by the al-Fatimiyyun () dynasty from 5 January 909 to 1171. It was an Arab Shi'a dynasty It ruled the fourth and final Arab caliphate. In different times different areas of the Maghreb, Egypt, and the Levant belonged to the caliphate.
Egyptian city of Cairo was made the capital. The term Fatimite is sometimes used to refer to the citizens of this caliphate as well. The ruling elite belonged to the Ismaili branch of Shi'ism. The leaders were also Shia Ismaili Imams. They had a religious significance to Ismaili Muslims. They are also part of the chain of holders of the office of Caliph, as recognized by most Muslims, the only period in which the Shia Imamate and the Caliphate were united to any degree. There was only one other exception: the Caliphate of Ali himself.
The Fatimids were famous for religious tolerance towards non-Ismaili sects of Islam as well as towards Jews, Maltese Christians and Coptic Christians, but there were some exceptions nevertheless.
Rise of the Fatimids
The Fatimids came from Ifriqiya, modern-day Tunisia and eastern Algeria. The dynasty was founded in 909 by , who legitimised his claim through descent from Muhammad by way of his daughter Fatima as-Zahra and her husband , the first Imam, hence the name al-Fatimiyyun "Fatimid".
Abdullah al-Mahdi's control soon extended over all of central Maghreb, an area consisting of the modern countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, which he ruled from Mahdia, his newly-built capital in Tunisia.
Decay and fall
In the 1040s, the Zirids (governors of North Africa under the Fatimids) declared their independence from the Fatimids and their conversion to Sunni Islam, which led to the devastating Banu Hilal invasions. After about 1070, the Fatimid hold on the Levant coast and parts of Syria was challenged first by Turkic (Seljuk) invasions, then the Crusades, so that Fatimid territory shrank until it consisted only of Egypt.
After the decay of the Fatimid political system in the 1160s, the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din had his general, Shirkuh, seize Egypt from the vizier Shawar in 1169. Shirkuh died two months after taking power, and the rule went to his nephew, Saladin. This began the Kurdish Ayyubid Dynasty.
Sedative

A sedative is a depressant that lowers excitement and irritability. Doctors use sedatives to prevent nervous patients from accidentally hurting themselves or the doctor. They are also used in tranquilizer guns.
There are different kinds of sedatives:
Drugs that make people fall asleep.
Drugs that help people keep sleeping (not to wake up during the night).
Drugs that calm people down, without making them sleep.
Most sedatives act very slowly, usually in 10-15 minutes. Doctors must know a patient's weight and medical history in order give them the sedatives which are best for them.
People who have been given sedatives may seem dull, and sleepy. Since sedatives act on their ability to react, those who have been given such drugs should not do the following:
Operate any machines
Drive a car
Take other drugs (including alcohol; these may make the effect of the pill bigger and can lead to overdose)
The drugs are given in clinical settings to facilitate medical procedures that would require physical restraint in a conscious patient or otherwise be unfeasible. They are also used to tranquilize dangerous animals. If the animal is in a position where it can't hurt anyone, a slow-acting sedative will be used. If the animal is out-of-control, a fast-acting sedative will be used. Fast-acting sedatives usually take between 3-5 minutes to take effect. Tranquilizer darts are rarely used on humans because there is no way to know which sedative to use and how much to use without performing a pre-anesthetic exam on the patient beforehand. There are only two known cases of a person being intentionally tranquilized, and in both cases the person doing the tranquilizing knew their target's weight and medical history.
Problems
Sedatives usually should not be taken for a longer period of time, as there are problems:
Many sedatives cause addiction. Trying to stop taking the drug may cause withdrawal symptoms
If they are taken together with other drugs, this may change their effect.
Wilhelmsthal

Wilhelmsthal is a municipality in Kronach in Bavaria, Germany.
Pavel Cherenkov

Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (July 28, 1904 - January 6, 1990) was a Soviet physicist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1958 with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm for the discovery of Cherenkov radiation, made in 1934.
Cherenkov died on January 6, 1990 at a hospital in Moscow, Russia at the age of 85.
Auterrive

Auterrive is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Hymn for the Weekend

"Hymn for the Weekend" is a 2016 song by British alternative rock band Coldplay featuring uncredited vocals from American singer Beyonce and is taken from their seventh studio album A Head Full of Dreams (2015). The song peaked at number six in the United Kingdom and number 25 on the US Billboard Hot 100. It went to top 10 single charts in many countries around the world. The music video was shot in India.
Peter Isaacson

Peter Stuart Isaacson, AM, DFC, AFC, DFM (31 July 1920 - 7 April 2017) was an Australian publisher and decorated military pilot.
Isaacson was owner of Peter Isaacson Publications, the publisher of various trade publications and suburban newspapers including the Southern Cross and the Sunday Observer in Melbourne.
During World War II, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) as a pilot with RAF Bomber Command and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Force Cross and the Distinguished Flying Medal.
Issaacson died on 7 April 2017 at the age of 96, following a short illness in Melbourne, Australia. He was survived by his sons; Anne had died the year before.
Óðr

In Norse mythology, Odr (sometimes written in English as Odr or Od) is a man associated with the goddess Freyja. The Prose Edda and Heimskringla, both by Snorri Sturluson, describe Odr as Freyja's husband. They also describe him as the father of Freyja's daughter Hnoss. Heimskringla adds that the couple had another daughter together, Gersemi.
Not much else is written about Odr, except that he often went away on long journeys. Freyja wept when she missed him. Several scholars have suggested that Odr may just have been another name for the god Odin.When Freyja wept, she wept tears of red gold, which was very valuable and precious, and this is what she used to give to heroes to do jobs for her so that they had something to bargain with.
Budhial

Budhial is a village and Union Council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Budhial village is about 25 kilometres from Talagang at 32deg59'0''N 72deg11'0''E.
William John Swainson

William John Swainson, Fellow of the Linnean Society and Fellow of the Royal Society (8 October 1789 - 6 December 1855), was an English ornithologist, malacologist, entomologist and artist.
Life
Swainson was born in Dover Place, St. Mary Newington, London. He was the eldest son of John Timothy Swainson, who was also of the Linnean Society. William worked at the Liverpool Customs when he was 14. He studied the ichthyology of western Sicily. In 1815, he returned to England because he became ill.
In 1816 he went with the explorer Henry Koster to Brazil. They did not spend a long time on shore because of a revolution. However, Swainson brought to England over 20,000 insects, 1,200 species of plants, drawings of 120 species of fish, and about 760 bird skins.
As with many Victorian scientists, Swainson was also a member of many societies. He was elected as a fellow to the Royal Society after his return from Brazil on 14 December 1820. In 1823, he married his first wife Mary Parkes, and had four sons and a daughter. His wife died in 1835.
Swainson re-married in 1840 to Ann Grasby, and emigrated to New Zealand in 1841. He died at Fern Grove, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, on 7 December 1855.
Species named after William Swainson
Many birds were named after William Swainson.
María Duval

Maria Dussauge Ortiz (born 2 August 1937), commonly known as Maria Duval, is a Mexican actress and singer. She was of the stars from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema. Duval was born in Queretaro, Mexico. Her career lasted from 1955 until 1995.
Warlincourt-lès-Pas

Warlincourt-les-Pas is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda (May 16, 1905 - August 12, 1982) was an American actor. He was the head of a family of actors: son Peter, daughter Jane, granddaughter Bridget and grandson Troy Garity. He has won an Academy Award.
Fonda starred in movies including The Grapes of Wrath (1940), 12 Angry Men (1957), Once Upon a Time in the West (1968) and Yours, Mine and Ours (1968). His last performance was in 1981's On Golden Pond.
Fonda was born on May 16, 1905 in Grand Island, Nebraska. He studied at the University of Minnesota.
He was married to Margaret Sullavan from 1931 until they divorced in 1932. Then he was married to Frances Ford Seymour from 1936 until her death in 1950. Then he was married to Susan Blanchard from 1950 until they divorced in 1956. Then he was married to Afdera Franchetti from 1957 until they divorced in 1961. Then he was last married to Shirlee Mae Adams from 1965 until his death in 1982.
Fonda died on August 12, 1982 from heart disease in Los Angeles, California. He was 77.
Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene is a pleasant-smelling colourless liquid that is used for dry-cleaning. It is also known as perchloroethylene and perc for short. It has the chemical formula and it is composed of carbon and twice the chlorine. It was first made in 1839 in France.
Properties
Perchloroethylene is a colourless liquid at room temperature. It has a mild, sweet odour that most people can smell even in small amounts. It is much heavier than water and it does not mix with water, because Perc is nonpolar while water is polar. It can mix with many other solvents. Perc boils at 121 degrees Celsius and freezes at -22 degrees Celsius.
Its molecule is very similar to ethylene but with chlorines instead of hydrogens in ethylene.
Uses
Perc has been used in dry cleaning since the 1930s. It was introduced as a safe alternative to carbon tetrachloride (extremely poisonous to the liver) and flammable solvents like gasoline.
Years ago, dry cleaners used to throw away dirty perc after a few uses. The modern dry cleaning machines have mechanism to distill (boiling and condensing again) the perc for re-use.
Perchloroethylene was previously used as a parasite medication for animals.
Dangers
Perc has low toxicity but people who inhale it for a long time can become unconscious. Perc's ability to remove oils is very strong and can hurt the skin. It is not inflammable or explosive.
Ouham

Ouham is one of the 16 prefectures of the Central African Republic. Its capital is Bossangoa.
Demmus Hentze

Demmus Hentze (4 December 1923 - 3 January 2016) was a Faroese politician and lawyer. He was a member of the People's Party. He served as Finance Minister from 1975 to 1981. He was born in Sandur, Sandoy. He graduated from the University of Copenhagen.
Hentze died on 3 January 2016 in Torshavn, aged 92.
Steven Price (composer)

Steven Price (born April 22, 1977) is a British movie composer.
Influences
Price stated composers like Peter Bernstein, Joel Goldsmith, Andrea Morricone, Alan Silvestri, Kevin Kiner, Lalo Schifrin, Jean-Michel Jarre, Gustavo Santaolalla, Joseph Williams, James Horner, Alexandre Desplat, John Barry, Bernard Herrmann, Michael Giacchino, John Debney, Patrick Doyle, Michael Kamen, Danny Elfman and Harry Gregson-Williams as influences.
Corazón guerrero

Corazon guerrero (by its English title: Daring Heart) is a Mexican telenovela premiered on March 28, 2022, starring Alejandra Espinoza and Gonzalo Garcia Vivanco.
It premiered on Las Estrellas, a television network of media conglomerate TelevisaUnivision, and is based on the Argentine telenovela Valientes.
Carrboro, North Carolina

Carrboro is a town in Orange County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 19,582 people live in Carrboro.
Nulvi

Nulvi (Nujvi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,741 people lived there. Its area is 67.38 km2. It is 478 meters above sea level.
Bullet in a Bible

Bullet in a Bible is a live CD, DVD and UMD release by Green Day. It was issued on November 15, 2005.
José Manuel Pinto

Jose Manuel Pinto Colorado (born 8 November 1975) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
Joe Duttine

Joe Duttine sometimes credited as Jo Duttine (born 30 June 1970), is an English film, theatre and television actor. He is known for playing Tim Metcalfe in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street from 2013 onwards. He is also known for his role as Cameron Donnelly in the Channel 4 comedy-drama Shameless.
He was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, West Riding of Yorkshire in the United Kingdom.
Gloria Reuben

Gloria Elizabeth Reuben (born June 9, 1964) is a Canadian actress and singer. She acts in both television series and movies. Reuben played Elizabeth Keckley in the 2012 movie Lincoln. She played Jeanie Boulet in the medical drama ER. Reuben was born in Toronto, Ontario.
Mike Tilleman

Michael John Tilleman (March 30, 1944 - September 18, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons (1966-76). He played college football for the Montana Grizzlies. He was born in Chinook, Montana.
He played for the Minnesota Vikings, New Orleans Saints, Houston Oilers and the Atlanta Falcons.
Tilleman died on September 18, 2020 in Havre, Montana from heart disease-related problems, aged 76.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Samuel Taylor Coleridge (21 October 1772 - 25 July 1834) was an English poet. Together with his friend William Wordsworth, Coleridge is often said to have started the Romantic movement in English literature. He was also a literary critic, philosopher and theologian.
Coleridge was born in Ottery St Mary, Devon. He was the son of a minister, and the youngest of ten children. He attended the University of Cambridge, Jesus College, though he never earned his degree. He met Wordsworth, another young poet, in 1795. They became close friends, and in 1798 they published their poems in a book called Lyrical Ballads, which many critics consider a key event in English Romanticism. Most of the poems in the book were written by Wordsworth, though it also contained Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, which many people call his masterpiece and one of the great poems in English. (In it, Coleridge used old-fashioned spellings, like "rime" for "rhyme," to give the poem an antique feeling.)
In 1796, Coleridge wrote his poem Kubla Khan -- along with the Ancient Mariner, it is his best-known work. At about the same time, in the later 1790s, Coleridge became addicted to opium. At that time the drug was legal, and was widely used as a painkiller. Coleridge's addiction to opium marked the rest of his life. His health suffered, and he had trouble supporting his wife and children. He also had a hard time finishing the writing projects he started.
Coleridge had a reputation as a great talker, and people often invited him to their dinner parties to hear him speak. He was a successful lecturer at times in his later life. He gained a reputation as a thinker and philosopher as well as a poet. He died in Highgate, Middlesex.
Scholars and critics of English literature have regarded Coleridge as a major figure. In his 1927 book The Road to Xanadu, John Livingston Lowes used Coleridge's poetry, especially Kubla Khan, to study the working of the human imagination. Critics have argued about the role that opium addiction played in the poet's life and work. In his 1971 book Coleridge, the Damaged Archangel, Norman Furman showed that Coleridge was guilty of plagiarism in many of his later works. His opium addiction may have left Coleridge unable to tell when he was repeating the work of other writers that he had read.
Nintoku Seamount

is an underwater volcano (seamount) of the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain in the Pacific Ocean. Nintoku is an extinct volcano.
The seamount is also known as the "Nintoku Guyot" because it has a flat top. This undersea geologic feature is also called a "guyot" or "tablemount".
This seabed mountain is named after Emperor Nintoku of Japan.
The last eruption from Nintoku seamount was 65 million years ago.
Henri Cornet

Henri Cornet (born Henri Jardry 4 August 1884 - 18 March 1941) was a French cyclist who won the second Tour de France in 1904.
Born in Desvres, Pas-de-Calais, France, he was 18 years old when he raced in the Tour de France. The race was spoiled by many problems including irate spectators throwing nails on the road in the final stage that forced Henri Cornet to ride the last 40 kilometres with two flat tyres. There were a lot of complaints about cheating, the top four finishers were disqualified by a special committee of the French cycling union. Although his overall time was three hours behind the first place rider, race officials declared Henri Cornet the winner in November 1903, when he was 19 years and 3 months old. He is the youngest ever winner.
Such was the commotion over the 1904 race that Tour founder Henri Desgrange said it was probably the last time the race would ever be run. The race winner Maurice Garin was suspended from competition for two years (he retired), and the second place finisher was banned for life. In all
nine cyclists were excluded because of illegal use of cars or trains and all of the stage winners were disqualified because of illegal agreements about allowing people to win.
After 1904 Cornet never again had any great success in any race. He abandoned the 1905 Tour de France in the 4th stage. He won the 1906 Paris-Roubaix race, but could not start the 1906 Tour de France, and had to abandon it again in 1907, but did manage 8th place finish in 1908. Extremely fast in what today are called time trials, he won the final leg of the 1908 race. A special timed lap run at a velodrome racetrack in Paris, the event was not counted as an official stage or towards the overall classification. Cornet competed in his last Tour de France in 1912, finishing 28th.
He died in 1941 at the age of 56 in Prunay-le-Gillon, Eure-et-Loir.
Amber Preston

Amber Preston is an American stand-up comedian.
In 2011, comic Marc Maron named her one of his five top comedians to watch. In 2018, entertainment website Thrillist named her one of the best undiscovered comedians in America.
Her debut album, Sparkly Parts, was released April 17, 2020, debuting at No. 1 on both the Amazon and iTunes comedy charts.
1306

1306 (MCCCVI) was .
Events
March 25 - Robert the Bruce becomes King of Scotland.
May - Hugh the younger Despenser, favourite of King Edward II of England, is married to heiress Eleanor de Clare.
Amancio Escapa Aparicio

Amancio Escapa Aparicio (30 March 1938 - 5 May 2017) was an Roman Catholic bishop. He was born in Leon, Spain. Escapa Aparici was ordained to the priesthood in 1962. He served as titular bishop of Cenae and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santo Domingo from 1996 until 2016.
Aparicio died on 5 May 2017 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic at the age of 79.
Oppenweiler

Oppenweiler is a municipality of the district Rems-Murr in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg in Germany.
Sports car

A sports car is a small, fast, quick-turning automobile. Most of them only have two seats or very small seats in the back.
Name
A sports car is different from an automobile for racing. The sports car is allowed to drive on a normal road, whereas race cars cannot.
History
Since the invention of automobiles, people have tried to make them faster. The first sports cars were made to be raced by rich people.
Layout
There are different versions of sports cars. There are automobiles with the motor in the front and those with rear-wheel drive. Examples are the Chevrolet Corvette or the Honda S2000. There are also cars with the motor behind the passengers, in the middle of the car. One of the first cars like this was the Lamborghini Miura. Porsche uses a different layout. The motor in a Porsche 911 is in the back, behind the rear wheels. Since the 1980s, a lot of sports cars have four-wheel drive. The motor in the front and front-wheel drive is only used in a few sports cars.
Seats
Most sports cars only have two seats. There are some sports cars that also have small seats in the back. For example, the Porsche 911. The McLaren F1 has three seats, with driver sitting in the middle.
Records
Sports cars are often fast and expensive cars.
The fastest sportscar is the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport. The maximum speed is .
Oussou Konan Anicet

Oussou Konan Anicet Harian Maxmalon (23 January 1989 - 3 January 2022) was an Ivorian professional footballer. He played as a forward. Anicet began his career in homeland club Africa Sports. He later played with Esperance Sportive de Tunis.
Anicet died from a sudden illness on 3 January 2022, at the age of 32.