kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda

Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda ( - 3 November 1977) (, FPAS, SI), was a Bangladeshi organic chemist, educationist and writer. He founded the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. From 1969 till 1972, Khuda served as the president of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences.
He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1976 by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in education of the country and Independence Day Award in 1986 (posthumous) by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in science and technology.
Early life
Khuda was born in Margram village, Birbhum District, Bengal Presidency, British India (now India). He passed Matriculation examination from Calcutta Madrasa in 1918 with First Division. In 1924, he received his MSc degree in Chemistry from Presidency College, Kolkata. Later, he studied in London University. In 1929, he received D. Sc. in physics from this institute.
Works
Khuda was specialized in the field of organic chemistry. He conducted research on herbals, jute, salt, charcoal, soil and minerals. He extracted biochemical elements from local trees and plants that can be used for medical purposes. Khuda and his associates had patent of 18 scientific inventions. One of his most significant inventions was manufacturing of Partex from jute-stick. Other significant scientific innovations by Khuda were manufacturing malt vinegar from the juice of sugarcane and molasses, rayon from jute and jute-sticks, and paper from jute.
Elephanta Caves

The Elephanta Caves are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a collection of cave temples predominantly dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. They are on Elephanta Island, or Gharapuri (literally "the city of caves"). Parts of the film was portrayed as in depicting in the The Golden Voyage of Sinbad.
Lens, Pas-de-Calais

Lens is a city in the Pas-de-Calais department of France. Today, about 36.000 people live there. The city has an important history of mining. There is also the Racing Club de Lens, a well-known French soccer team. Paris is 200 km to the south, Lille is 40 km to the north, Douai is 15 km to the east, and Arras is 20 km to the south.
The city is very old, though no one knows exactly how old. Ruins of Ancient Roman settlements have been found.
Electronic gear shifting

Electronic gear shifting is a way of shifting gears on a bicycle. It lets bicycle riders use a switch to shift gears, instead of a lever. Electronic gear shifting can be faster than shifting gears with a lever.
How it works
The standard system for gearing up and down works with bowdens. A bowden is special kind of wound steel cable, which connects levers to the shifter, derailleur or brakes. As the rider pulls or taps a lever, the bowden reacts at the same time. That causes the bicycle to change gear.
Electronic works without bowdens. The system is digital. There is no wound steel cable. Instead, there are multiple combinations of 0 and 1. A battery placed under the frame powers the system. Each battery should last for 1000 km depending on the manufacturer. Then it needs to be recharged. Wires for data and power are hidden inside the frame. Parts of the shifting systems are connected to each other. Servomotors do the shifting. The shifter and derailleur have a pair of servomotors built into them. There is a self-adjustable microchip in the derailleur. The system has its own logic, which keeps the chain from dropping. There is no need for maintenance because the derailleur adjusts itself using the microchip.
Las Vegas algorithm

A Las Vegas algorithm is an algorithm that uses randomness which has the consequence that the algorithm terminates with probability $p<1$. If the algorithm does terminate then it does so with a correct result (unlike a Monte Carlo algorithm which definitely terminates but with a result that is only correct with probability $p<1$). The algorithm gambles with the resources used. It may take a very long times to give back a result, or it may not give back a result at all.
A simple example would be a version of the Quicksort. Quicksort is used to quickly sort things (mostly numbers). For this, each element is compared to a central element (called pivot). Depending on how this element is selected the sorting can take more time or less.
Most often, a Las Vegas algorithm is used to pick the pivot randomly.
Philippe Moureaux

Philippe Moureaux (12 April 1939 - 15 December 2018) was a Belgian politician. He was born in Etterbeek, Belgium. He was a professor at Universite libre de Bruxelles. He was the first and third Minister-President of the French Community from 1981 to 1985 and again in 1988. He was a member of the Parti socialiste. He was also mayor of Sint-Jans-Molenbeek.
Moureaux died on 15 December 2018 in Brussels, Belgium from cancer, aged 79.
1989 Pacific hurricane season

The 1989 Pacific hurricane season officially started May 15, 1989 in the Eastern Pacific, and June 1, 1989 in the Central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1989. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
Notable storms include Hurricanes Cosme, Kiko, and Raymond. Cosme crossed over Mexico and contributed to the formation of Tropical Storm Allison in the Atlantic. Hurricane Kiko made landfall on the Gulf of California side of the Baja California peninsula. Hurricane Raymond was the strongest storm of the season, but weakened significantly before landfall.
Tschugg

Tschugg is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
Muyinga

Muyinga is a city in northern Burundi. It is the capital of the Muyinga Province. It is at an elevation of 1731 m and 100,715 people lived there. The city is about 117 km northeast of Bujumbura, the nation's capital.
Goldikova

Goldikova (foaled 15 March 2005 - 5 January 2021) was a champion Thoroughbred racemare. She has also raced in the United States and England. She has won 14 Group One races, with nine victories over colts and geldings. Goldikova was the only horse to win three (2008, 2009, 2010) Breeders' Cup Mile races. She was ridden by Olivier Peslier. She retired in 2011.
Goldikova died on 6 January 2021, aged 15.
Strategy video game

A strategy video game is a type of video game that focuses on skillful thinking and planning to achieve victory. They are usually categorized into four types: if the game is turn-based or real-time, and whether the game focuses on strategy or tactics. One example is Age of Empires III.
Brown falcon

The brown falcon (Falco berigora) is a large falcon. It is native to Australia and New Guinea.
Dakota City, Nebraska

Dakota City is a city in Dakota County, Nebraska, United States. As of the 2020 census, 2,081 people lived there. It is the county seat of Dakota County.
History
Dakota City was platted in 1856. It was named for the Dakota people. Dakota City was incorporated as a city in 1858.
Geography
Dakota City is at (42.415294, -96.417808).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.
Demographics
Dakota City is part of the Sioux City, IA-NE-SD Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 1,919 people, 637 households, and 464 families living in Dakota City.
Litchfield, New Hampshire

Litchfield is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States.
Sayed Moawad

Sayed Moawad (; born 25 May 1979 in Faiyum) is a retired Egyptian footballer. He was a defender and he played as a left back for Al-Ahly. He also played for Egypt national football team.
Batticaloa

Batticaloa (Tamil: mttttkkllppu, Mattakkalappu; Sinhala: mddklpuv, Madakalapuwa) is a city of the Eastern province of Sri Lanka. It is the administrative capital of the Batticaloa District. The Eastern University of Sri Lanka is in Batticaloa and it is a major commercial centre. It is on the east coast, 111 kilometres (69 miles) south of Trincomalee. It is on an island. Pasikudah is a popular tourist destination in Batticaloa. It is 35 km (22 miles) northwest with beaches and lagoons.
Origin of the name 'Batticaloa' (Etymology)
'Batticaloa' is a name that comes from the portuguese language. Batticaloa has a nickname - "Land of the singing fish" (Tamil: miinnn paattum teennn naattu) due to musical sounds that related to fish or aquatic creatures in the Batticaloa Lagoon near the Kallady Bridge. BBC Radio 4 was able to record the mysterious sound in Batticaloa Lagoon. The sound was broadcast by Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation in 1960s with the help of Rev. Fr. Lang, a Catholic priest.
Geography
Batticaloa is in the eastern coast of Sri Lanka. It occupies the central part of eastern Sri Lanka. Its average elevation (height from sea level) is around 5 meters. Batticaloa district has three main lagoons - Batticaloa Lagoon, Valaichchenai Lagoon, and Vakari (Panichchankerni) Lagoon. Among these lagoons, Batticaloa Lagoon is the largest lagoon. It is 56 km long and has an area of 162 square kilometres, extending from Pankudaweli in North and Kalmunai in South.
There are several islands within the Batticaloa Lagoon such as Puliayantheevu, Buffaloa Island and Bone Island. Many bridges are built across the lagoon which connect the mainland and the islands. Puliayantheevu is the metropolitan place of the city. The biggest bridge of all is the Lady Manning bridge at Kallady. This bridge is the main access path to the city from the southern places of the district. This bridge is also famous for Singing fishes which were considered as musical sounds heard in the Kallady lagoon on a full moon day. A priest named Father Lang recorded this musical charm and broadcast it in the 1960s over the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Cooperation.
Batticaloa beaches are sandy. Some beaches in Batticaloa are Kallady beach, Pasikudah, and Kalkudah. Pasikudah is a bay protected from the ocean, with a flat and sandy bed extending 150 to 200 meters from the shore.
Climate
Batticaloa has a tropical wet and dry climate under the Koppen climate classification, also known as 'dry-monsoonal climate'. Batticaloa's climate is temperate throughout the year. From March to May, the warmest time of the year, the maximum temperature is around 32 degrees Celsius (88 degrees Fahrenheit). During the monsoon season from November to February, heavy rains are recorded, with average temperature of 25 degC. Average annual rainfall in Batticaloa is 1,650.9 mm (65.00 in).
Château-Thierry

Chateau-Thierry is a commune in the Picardy region in the Aisne department in the north of France. It is on the Marne River.
Theoretical particle

Theoretical particles are particles that have been assumed or predicted to exist by scientists, but have not been proven in any experiment. Some, like the tachyon, probably don't exist, since they violate several laws of physics. However, many are still believed to exist. All supersymmetric particles (such as a sfermion) are theoretical. Supersymmetrical particles are often abbreviated with an "s" in front of the particle name, like a sfermion. Particles found in antimatter are not theoretical particles because they have been found in numerous experiments.
Granollers

Granollers is a municipality of 62,419 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.
Database administrator

A Database Administrator is someone who is a admin or know's about the database. Databases being MySQL, phpMyAdmin and etc. They have the most access if you use a database because well... then are a admin.
Tuttle, Oklahoma

Tuttle is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. There were 6019 people living in the city in 2010. Tuttle is 27 miles southwest of Oklahoma City. Settled in 1901, Tuttle is named after James H. Tuttle, a rancher who married a Choctaw woman.
William Proxmire

Edward William Proxmire (November 11, 1915 - December 15, 2005) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a United States Senator from Wisconsin from 1957 to 1989, the longest term served by a Wisconsin senator.
Proxmire was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1998. He died on December 15, 2005 in a nursing home in Sykesville, Maryland at the age of 90.
Davis County

Davis County is the name of two counties in the United States:
Davis County, Iowa
Davis County, Utah
Claflin, Kansas

Claflin is a city in Barton County, Kansas, United States.
Freystadt

"Freystadt" is also the German names for Kisielice and Kozuchow, Poland.
Freystadt is a town in Neumarkt in Bavaria. It is near the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal, 14 km southwest of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, and 33 km southeast of Nuremberg.
Coriolanus

The Tragedy of Coriolanus is a play by William Shakespeare. It is a tragedy. Shakespeare's source was Plutarch's Life of Caius Martius Coriolanus. It was probably was first acted between 1607 and 1608. It was probably first printed in 1623 in the First Folio.
Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon

Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon is a 1970 American comedy-drama movie directed by Otto Preminger and was based on the 1968 novel of the same name by Marjorie Kellogg. It stars Liza Minnelli, Ken Howard, Robert Moore, James Coco, Kay Thompson, Fred Williamson, Ben Piazza, Leonard Frey, Anne Revere, Clarice Taylor, Angelique Pettyjohn and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Jerzy Leśniak

Jerzy Lesniak (August 14, 1957 - August 20, 2017) was a Polish journalist and historian. He was born in Nowy Sacz, Poland.
His best-known book, Encyklopedia Sadecka (published in 2000, co-authored with Augustyn Lesniak and Karol Lesniak), has been so far the most comprehensive source and compendium of the region's history, as well as personal biographies and rare illustrations. He was also an editor-in-chief of a weekly regional magazine "Echo" and a quarterly "Nowy Sacz". During the years 2003-2006 he was a spokesman of the president of the city of Nowy Sacz.
Lesniak died in Warsaw, Poland on August 20, 2017 of a heart attack at the age of 60.
Impulse (physics)

In classical mechanics, an impulse is defined as the integral of a force with respect to time:
where
I is impulse (sometimes marked J),
F is the force, and
dt shows it is with respect to time.
Impulse is also described as the change in momentum. If the force and the mass of the object do not change, impulse can be simply expressed as:
where
F is the constant total net force applied,
Dt is the time over which the force is applied,
m is the constant mass of the object,
Dv is the change in velocity produced by the force in the time that passed, and
Dp is the change in linear momentum.
Kazuki Teshima

Kazuki Teshima (born 7 June 1979) is a former Japanese football player.
Kasper Schmeichel

Kasper Schmeichel (born 5 November 1986) is a Danish professional association football player.
Disappointment

Disappointment is an emotion that a person feels when something has gone wrong. It is usually related to failure. Failures tend to cause disappointment.
Ivanhoe, Minnesota

Ivanhoe is a city in Lincoln County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 559 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Lincoln County.
WWE Fastlane

WWE Fastlane is a professional wrestling event produced annually by WWE. It is broadcast live and is also available through pay-per-view (PPV) and WWE Network. The event started in 2015 to replace Elimination Chamber in the February time slot of WWE's pay-per-view calendar. The name of the event is a reference to its position on the "Road to WrestleMania".
Elinor Donahue

Mary Eleanor Donahue (born April 19, 1937), best known as Elinor Donahue, is an American actress. She was known for her role in the 1950s sitcom, Father Knows Best. She was born in Tacoma, Washington
Donahue was married for nearly 30 years to producer Harry Ackerman. They met each other on the set of Father Knows Best. She and Ackerman had three children together: Peter, James, and Christopher Ackerman.
Resonance

In physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to vibrate with increasing amplitudes at some frequencies of excitation. These are known as the system's resonant frequencies (or resonance frequencies). The resonator may have a fundamental frequency, and any number of harmonics.
An example of useful effect of resonant frequency is a guitar string which makes a characteristic noise when it is touched. The noise depends on how thick or slack the string is.
Another example can be seen in a playground swing. There is one specific rate at which you must push away a person on a swing to cause the swing to go high. This rate is the resonant frequency.
In earthquake engineering, on contrary, any possibility of a resonance is detrimental for the building structure.
The Kirkwood gap and other connections among orbits are caused by orbital resonance.
House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is made up of Members of Parliament elected by the people. Sometimes it is called the 'lower house'. (The 'upper house' is called the House of Lords.) Other countries also have a bicameral parliament with a House of Commons working in the same way.
In the British parliament, there are 650 Members of Parliament or MPs. Each MP represents a constituency, which covers an area of the country. The people of each constituency vote at a general election or a by-election to choose one person to represent them in the House of Commons. Usually, the people choose someone who belongs to a political party. When all the parties get together, the party or coalition with the most members is the government and runs the country. The leader of that party is called the Prime Minister.
The House of Commons hold their meetings in the Palace of Westminster. Their chief officer is the Speaker of the House, who is elected by MPs. The current Speaker is Lindsay Hoyle, who was elected in 2019. The Clerk of the House of Commons is the Principal Adviser to the Speaker. The Serjeant-at-Arms is in charge of the security.
Eleanor Clist

Eleanor Brockwell Clist sometimes written as Eleonor Clist (19 January 1893 - December 1967) was a British swimmer in the early 20th century from London. She was one of the earliest British female international swimmers. Clist was a member of the Battersea Swimming Club and was trained by professor Barrows.
Swimming
Clist was London school champion and champion of Surrey. She won many local swimming competitions. In 1911 she competed at the 1911 international Ondine de Paris swimming competitions. She finished third in the international 100 metre event. She also competed in the international 120 metre event with handicap.
Personal life
Clist was born on 19 January 1893 in London in Battersea. Her parents were Emma Brockwell and Alfred Clist. Her sister Emma Clist was also an international swimmer. She died in December 1967 in Kingston upon Thames.
Luciano Ravaglia

Luciano Ravaglia (Forlimpopoli; 13 December 1923 - Dovadola; 26 January 2017) was an Italian engineer. He was born in Forlimpopoli, Italy.
Career
He was a member of the Rotary Club of Forli. He was known for his cutting-edge city-planning and building solutions. When Sergio Mulitsch di Palmenberg was appointed as chairman of the national PolioPlus committee of the Italian Rotary Club, Ravaglia became his deputy. Over the next few years, Ravaglia worked with dedication and enthusiasm to gain recognition from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for polio vaccination.
Death
Ravaglia died on 26 January 2017 in Dovadola, Italy, aged 93.
More reading
Baroukh M. Assael, "Il favoloso innesto. Storia sociale della vaccinazione", Editori Laterza, Bari, 1995.
Franco Pellaschiar, "Corrispondenza, atti, attestati e stralci di documenti sull'impegno di Sergio Mulitsch per l'Operazione PolioPlus", In "Realta Nuova", anno LXVII, n.3, Milano, 2003.
Luciano Ravaglia, "L'eredita di Sergio Mulitsh: Nuovi spazi al servire, l'Istituto Ong fra rotariani italiani" In "Realta Nuova", anno LXVII, n.3, Milano, 2003.
Proctor, Minnesota

Proctor is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
1977 European Cup Winners' Cup Final

The 1977 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was a football match. It was contested between Hamburger SV of West Germany and the defending champions, Anderlecht of Belgium.
It was the final match of the 1976-77 European Cup Winners' Cup tournament and the 17th European Cup Winners' Cup final.
Venue
The final was held at Olympisch Stadion in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The venue was decided in Bern by the UEFA Executive Committee on 17 September 1976. Hamburg won the match 2-0 thanks to goals by Georg Volkert and Felix Magath.
Postal Index Number

Postal Index Number is also called as Pincode. It is used in India For Post office Numbering or post office system. It is also used for couriering in India. It is used by
India Post and many courier Companies. It is six digit long code to identify the city or area
Namie, Fukushima

is a Japanese town in Fukushima Prefecture on the island of Honshu.
History
Namie was damaged in the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami.
In April 2011, the Japanese government made people leave here because of radiation from the Fukushima I nuclear accidents.
Before people left, stone from a quarry in Namie was sent to make concrete for about 60 buildings. The stone and the concrete is radioactive.
The people who used to live in Namie are called "nuclear refugees".
List of rivers of the Czech Republic

These are the rivers of the Czech Republic.
St Peter's College, Auckland

St Peter's College, Auckland is a Catholic secondary school for boys in central Auckland, New Zealand. The school is the largest Catholic secondary school in New Zealand. It was established in 1939 by the Christian Brothers, but from 2008 is entirely lay-staffed. The school has a multi-ethnic roll of 1200 (for example, 50% are pakeha (i.e. New Zealand-born non-Maori); 20% are Asian; and 20% Polynesian). Academically, the school offers for senior years (i.e. years 11 to 13) the National Certificate of Educational Achievement assessment system (NCEA) and the Cambridge International Examinations (CIE). The school enrols approximately 70 international students. Prominent graduates include: Sir Michael Gerard Fay (b. 1949), merchant banker, chair of the campaigns for three New Zealand challenges for the America's Cup in 1987, 1988 and 1992; and Sam Hunt (b. 1946), who is a well-known poet.
Saipa F.C.

Saipa Karaj Football Club is a football team based in Karaj, Iran. The team is owned by SAIPA, an Iranian automobile manufacturer.
Season-by-season
The table below chronicles the achievements of Saipa in various competitions since 1993.
Villeneuve-sur-Verberie

Villeneuve-sur-Verberie is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Oise department in north France.
Vito Fassano

Vito Fassano is a retired footballer from Venezuela. He was born on 11 February 1940. Fassano played in for the Venezuela national football team.
John G. Thompson

John Griggs Thompson (born October 13, 1932) is an American mathematician. He works at the University of Florida. He is known for his work in the field of finite groups. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1970, the Wolf Prize in 1992 and the 2008 Abel Prize.
Mariestad Municipality

Mariestad Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Mariestad.
Lieke Martens

Lieke Martens (born on 16 December 1992 in Nieuw-Bergen, Netherlands) is a Dutch association football player who currently plays for Barcelona and the Netherlands women's national football team. She has also played for the clubs SC Heerenveen, VVV-Venlo, Standard Liege and FCR 2001 Duisburg. She is part of the Netherland's 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup squad.
Villain (1971 movie)

Villain is a 1971 British crime drama movie. It was directed by Michael Tuchner The movie is based on the 1968 novel The Burden of Proof by James Barlow. Actors include Richard Burton, Ian McShane, Nigel Davenport, Joss Ackland, Donald Sinden, Fiona Lewis, Tony Selby, and John Hallam. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Ol Chiki Teach

The Ol Chiki Teach' ( ) script, also known as Ol Chemet' (Santali: ol 'writing', chemet 'learning'), Ol Ciki, Ol, and sometimes as the Santali alphabet invented by Pandit Raghunath Murmu in the year 1925, is the official writing system for Santali, an Austroasiatic language recognized as an official regional language in India. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic.
Stimulant

A stimulant is any of a group of drugs that can increase alertness and awareness, usually for a short time only. Most stimulants have more side-effects than other drugs. Some are classified as illegal drugs, most can cause addiction. For this reason, most legal stimulants are only available on prescription. Stimulants act on the nerves: Stimulants cause more neurotransmitters to the synapse (this is the gap between different nerves)
Most stimulants fall into one of the following groups:
Amphetamine and its derivates: Methylphenidate, Methamphetamine, Pseudoephedrine Ephedrine, Ecstasy
Xanthines: Caffeine, Theophylline, Theobromine
Piperazine and its derivates: Benzylpiperazine, Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
Various others: Cocaine, Nicotine, Modafinil
Some of the substances mentioned above can be used to treat certain diseases. Some are mostly used as illegal drugs.
Naftali Blumenthal

Naftali Blumenthal (; 1 March 1922 - 1 May 2022) was an Israeli politician. He was a member of the Knesset for the Alignment from 1981 until 1984. He was born in Stanislawow, Poland.
Blumenthal died on 1 May 2022 at the age of 100.
Ulan-Ude

Ulan-Ude (Russian:Ulan-Ude; Buryat: Ulaan-Ude), formerly Verkhneudinsk (), the capital city of the Buryat Republic, Russia. The city is located about 100 km south-east of Lake Baikal. It sits at the foot of the Khamar-Daban and Khrebet Ulan-Burgasy mountain ranges, next to the confluence of the Selenga River and its tributary, the Uda. The city is divided into two parts by the Uda. Population 359,391 (2002 Census); 352,530 (1989 Census). It is the third largest city in East Siberia. It is served by Ulan-Ude Airport (Mukhino) as well as the smaller Ulan-Ude Vostochny Airport.
Ulan-Ude was founded in 1666 by the Russian Cossacks. Due to its geographical position, the city grew rapidly and became a large trade centre which connected Russia with China and Mongolia. There are old merchants' mansions richly decorated with wood and stone carving in the historical center of Ulan-Ude, along the river banks. They represent beautiful examples of Russian classicism. There is also a large and highly unusual head of Lenin in the central square.
Digital Object Identifier

A Digital Object Identifier (or DOI) is a permanent way to identify an online document. This identification is not related to its current location.
A typical use of a DOI is to give a scientific paper or article a unique number that can be used by anyone find the location of the paper. It may also make it possible to find an electronic copy, for example, on the Internet. The DOI system has a DOI resolution system which is used to locate where the document is. When the document is moved, the DOI resolution system is updated with the new location of the document.
For example, doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.03.001 links to "Web 2.0 authorship: Issues of Referencing and citation for academic integrity" by Kathleen Gray et al. The work was published in The Internet and Higher Education, Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2008.
Audio engineer

An audio engineer (or simply engineer for short) is a person who operates, and usually chooses and sets up recording equipment. The term applies mainly to a person who works in a recording studio but can also apply to people who do the same kind of work, in other places. An engineer may work with multitrack recordings or stereophonic remixes.
Audio engineering deals with the recording and reproduction of sound through mechanical and electronic means and is a part of audio science. The field draws on many disciplines, including electrical engineering, acoustics, and music. An audio engineer is closer to the creative and technical aspects of audio than an acoustical engineer.
Some amateur (and a few professional) engineers are self-taught, and learn mostly by doing, or with the help of an instruction manual. Many engineers started in other studio jobs (such as running errands), and learned about recording as they became familiar with the studio where they worked. An engineer learns about the use and placement of microphones, how to operate and maintain an audio mixer, recording deck, sound effects, and other machines, and how to switch between live and recorded sounds, to make the best, and often the most unique, recording possible. A good engineer will strive to make recordings that are both of high technical quality, and also pleasing to hear.
Starting wages may be small in recording studios, and many beginners work as unpaid volunteers. Experienced engineers, especially those who have worked on a hit record, may command a large wage. Some engineers are paid a salary, while others may earn hourly pay (sometimes based on the studio's rates), or be paid per session. Many go on to start their own recording studios, or maintain a private studio or mobile recording service. A few work only for a single recording artist, band, or producer.
Several colleges and universities in the United States and other countries offer classes in recording, which may cover its history, its uses, and of course technique and technical knowledge. Some schools offer degree or diploma programs in Recording. Graduating such a program does not guarantee a person a studio job, but increases one's chances, and can provide better preparation for such a career.
Besides studio work, some engineers have one or more specialties, such as making new digital versions of old recordings, as consultants to places that give concerts and live performances, and sometimes as expert witnesses in court trials, when sounds or a recording may be important to the outcome of a case.
Parintins

Parintins is a Brazilian city of the state of Amazonas. It has 107,250 inhabitants and an area of 5.952 km2. It was founded in 1852 and it is one of the most important cities in state of Amazonas.
Born in Parintins
Below is a list of famous people born in Parintins.
Radish

A radish is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family. People eat radishes all over the world. It was first grown in Europe in pre-Roman Empire|Roman times. Radishes are usually eaten as a crunchy salad vegetable. There are many varieties of radishes. Some radishes are different in size, flavor, color and the length of time they take to grow.
It has a somewhat hot taste, rather peppery. This keeps some herbivores away, or limits the amount they eat. It acts as a defence against herbivory.
Garden City

Garden City can refer to:
Places
Africa and the Middle East
Garden City (Cairo), Egypt, a district
Asia
Singapore
Europe
United Kingdom
Hampstead Garden Suburb, London, England
Humberstone Garden Suburb, Leicester, England
Letchworth Garden City, Hertfordshire, England, designed by Ebenezer Howard, originator of the Garden City movement
Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, England, designed by Ebenezer Howard
North America
United States
Garden City, Alabama
Garden City, Colorado
Garden City, Georgia
Garden City, Idaho
Garden City, Iowa
Garden City, Kansas
Garden City, Michigan
Garden City, Minnesota
Garden City, Missouri
Garden City, New York
Garden City, Pennsylvania
Garden City, South Carolina
Garden City, South Dakota
Garden City, Texas
Garden City, Utah
Missoula, Montana, nicknamed "The Garden City"
Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi

Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi is a public university in Corpus Christi, Texas, United States. It has about 7,000 students enrolled and it was founded in 1947.
Three Mile Island accident

The Three Mile Island accident occurred on March 28th, 1979 at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in Pennsylvania. It was "the single most important event in the fifty-year history of nuclear power regulation in the United States". Many people have seen the event as a turning point for the nuclear power industry in the United States.
The Three Mile Island power station is near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The accident resulted in a partial core meltdown in Unit 2 of the nuclear power plant. Unit 2's pressurized water reactor was of 900 MWe capacity.
The chain of events that led to the crisis at the TMI plant included several minor equipment failures that operator errors drastically compounded, resulting in a major accident. The Three Mile Island accident is largely seen as a failure of crisis management. According to one reviewer of the book:
Reactor operators were not trained to deal with accident conditions, and the NRC had not established effective communication with utilities. Moreover, once the accident occurred, the lines of authority proved to be ill defined. The public received conflicting reports that caused needless panic and evacuations. It was these systemic weaknesses in the regulatory system that allowed gifted people to make the mistakes they did.
Large portions of the TMI-2 reactor core melted, though the fact that a partial meltdown had occurred did not become clear until 1985. The greatest source of concern during the TMI crisis was a hydrogen bubble that formed in the top of the pressure vessel which held the core:
Although opinions differed, some reactor experts feared that over time the hydrogen bubble might become flammable or, less likely, explosive by combining with free oxygen in the vessel. If the bubble burned or exploded, it could rupture the pressure vessel and force the damaged reactor core into the containment building. The loss of the vessel would not make a breach of containment inevitable, but it would increase the risk of a disastrous release of radiation.
In the end, the Three Mile Island accident, though it "caused a grave crisis, did not produce a public health disaster". In the face of a core meltdown, the pressure vessel held and there was no breach of the plant's containment structure. Only "tiny amounts of the most dangerous forms of volatile radiation escaped to the atmosphere". The TMI-2 cleanup took 11 years and cost about US$1 billion.
J. Samuel Walker suggests that the TMI accident incited widespread criticism of nuclear power technology, the nuclear industry, and the NRC. Critics faulted the industry and the NRC for their poor performance both before and after the accident. The international attention garnered by the crisis redoubled the determination of, and enhanced the credibility of, the anti-nuclear movement. Arguably, the United States nuclear industry has never recovered.
Walker reports that studies looking for long-term radiation effects resulting from the accident have reached conflicting conclusions, but it seems that any increase in cancers is slight enough to have occurred by chance.
La Motte-Tilly

La Motte-Tilly is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
James Allen's Girls' School

James Allen's Girls' School, (JAGS), is an independent day school in Dulwich, South London. It is the oldest girls' independent school in Greater London.
The school is a registered charity. It was originally part of Edward Alleyn's College of God's Gift charitable foundation. This also included Alleyn's School and Dulwich College.
It has a senior school for 11 to 18-year-old girls, a prep school for 7 to 11-year-old girls (James Allen's Preparatory School), and a pre-preparatory school for 4- to 7-year-old girls. It is the sister school of Dulwich College and Alleyn's.
SouthWest Cyclops

The SouthWest Cyclops is a professional indoor lacrosse team that plays in Hagersville, Ontario. It is part of the Canadian Lacrosse League. It plays its home games in the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena.
The team was started in 2011 in Bampton as the Inferno. In 2014, it moved to Hagersville and renamed itself the Southwest Cyclops.
Saori Ariyoshi

is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Ariyoshi was born in Saga on November 1, 1987. In 2008, when she was at Nippon Sport Science University, she debuted in the Nadeshiko League for TEPCO Mareeze. After graduating, she joined Nippon TV Beleza (later Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza) in 2010. She played 175 matches for the club. She was selected for the Best Eleven four years in a row, from 2013 to 2016). In 2021, she moved to Omiya Ardija Ventus with teammate Mizuho Sakaguchi.
In February 2012, Ariyoshi was selected the Japan national team for 2012 Algarve Cup. At this competition, on February 29, she debuted against Norway. In 2014, she played at 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. In 2015, played at 2015 World Cup and Japan won the 2nd place. She played 6 matches and scored a goal. She was named candidates for the Golden Ball at the tournament. She was also a member for 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won their second consecutive title. She played 65 games and scored 1 goals for Japan until 2019.
Michael MacKellar

Michael John Randal MacKellar (27 October 1938 - 9 May 2015) was an Australian politician and agricultural scientist. He was the Liberal Member for Warringah from 25 October 1969 until 18 February 1994.
MacKellar was born in Moree, New South Wales. He had a partner and had three children. He died at the age of 76.
Chronicles of a Dive Bomber

Chronicles of a Dive Bomber () is a 1967 Soviet war movie directed by Naum Birman. It stars Lev Vainshtein, Aleksandr Grave, and Oleg Dahl.
Helen of Troy (album)

Helen of Troy is the sixth studio album by multi-instrumentalist John Cale. It was released in November 1975. It was his third and last full-length album on Island Records label.
Track listing
All songs composed by John Cale, except where noted.
"My Maria"
"Helen of Troy"
"China Sea"
"Engine"
"Save Us"
"Cable Hogue"
"I Keep A Close Watch"
"Pablo Picasso" (Jonathan Richman)
"Leaving It Up to You"
"Baby What You Want Me to Do?" (Jimmy Reed)
"Sudden Death"
Personnel
Adapted from the Helen of Troy liner notes.
College Hockey America

College Hockey America (CHA) is a group of American colleges and universities who play NCAA Division I women's ice hockey against one another every season. It was founded in 1999 as a men's hockey conference, with women's teams joining in 2002. The men's side of CHA folded after the 2009-10 season. As of the current 2013-14 season, CHA has six members, which is the minimum needed to earn an automatic place in the NCAA women's tournament. However, because three of these schools only joined in July 2012, CHA will not get an automatic tournament place until at least the 2014-15 season.
CHA has close ties with Atlantic Hockey, a men's hockey-only conference. Although the conferences do not share offices, they have the same commissioner, and three current CHA members are also in Atlantic Hockey.
Current members
Lindenwood University
Mercyhurst University
Pennsylvania State University ("Penn State")
Rochester Institute of Technology ("RIT")
Robert Morris University
Syracuse University
Of the current members, Mercyhurst, RIT, and Robert Morris have varsity men's teams in Atlantic Hockey. Penn State has a men's varsity team that plays in the school's all-sports conference, the Big Ten. Syracuse has a men's team, but it plays at club level, outside the NCAA structure.
Ramón Conde

Ramon Luis Conde Roman (December 29, 1934 - February 23, 2020) was an American professional baseball player from Puerto Rico. He played as a third baseman. He played 14 games in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago White Sox in 1962. He had a much larger minor league baseball career.
Conde was born in Juana Diaz. He died of a heart attack on February 23, 2020 in West Palm Beach, Florida. He was 85.
Masaru Matsuhashi

Masaru Matsuhashi (born 22 March 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Ventforet Kofu.
Proclamation of Singapore

The Proclamation of Singapore is part of an agreement about the separation of Singapore from Malaysia as an independent and sovereign country dated on 7 August 1965 between the Governments of Malaysia and Singapore, and an act to change the Constitution of Malaysia and the Malaysia Act on 9 August 1965 signed by the leaders of both countries.
Cadmium nitrate

Cadmium nitrate is an inorganic compound. The general formula of the compound is Cd(NO3)2.
Uses
Cadmium nitrate is used for colouring glass and porcelain. It is also used as flash powder in photography.
Ligné, Charente

Ligne is a commune. It is found in the Charente department in the south of France.
Frances Haugen

Frances Haugen is an American electrical engineer, data scientist, product manager, and whistleblower. In 2021, she disclosed [or showed] tens of thousands of Facebook's internal documents to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Wall Street Journal. She also filed (or made) a whistleblower complaint to the SEC; In the complaint she has said that Facebook has misled (or gave wrong information to) investors [to give priority, or] "to prioritize growth over safety"; She says that was done by ignoring research showing that it (or Facebook) amplifies "angry, polarizing, [and] divisive content", and that can put public safety at risk.
She gave testimony in front of one of the committees of the United States Senate, on October 5.
Later in October, Facebook's Oversight Board said that it will [meet or] speak with Haugen about her knowledge of the business (of Facebook) and its practices.
She was born and raised in Iowa City, Iowa.
Robert Califf

Robert Califf (born 1951) is an American cardiologist and politician. He is the Commissioner of Food and Drugs since 2022 during the Joe Biden administration. He held the same job from September 2015 to January 2017 during the Barack Obama presidency.
President Joe Biden renominated Califf to head the Food and Drug Administration on November 12, 2021. On February 15, 2022, the United States Senate confirmed his nomination by a 50-46 vote.
SEAT Arosa

SEAT Arosa was a car produced by SEAT from 1997 through 2014 with a facelift in 2001. It is a badge-engineered version of the Volkswagen Lupo and Skoda Lupo. Its successor appeared in 2012 as the Seat Mii.Skoda Lupo
Engines
Petrol
1.0 37 kW (50 hp)
1.4 44 kW (60 hp)
1.4 16V 74 kW (101 hp)
1.9 L F9Q1 TDI I4
Diesel
1.4 TDI 55 kW (75 hp)
1.7 SDI 44 kW (60 hp)
1.9 L F9Q'' DI-D I4
Kia
Arosa
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Mukund Lath

Mukund Lath (9 October 1937 - 6 August 2020) was an Indian scholar and cultural historian. He was known for his writings on music, dance, aesthetics and culture of India. He was honored by the Government of India, in 2010, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri. Lath was born in Kolkata.
Lath died on 6 August 2020 in Jaipur at the age of 82.
Haplodiploidy

Haplodiploidy is a sex determination system in which males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid, and females develop from fertilized eggs and are diploid.
Haplodiploidy determines the sex in all members of the insect order Hymenoptera (bees, ants, and wasps), and the Thysanoptera ('thrips').p408 The system also occurs sporadically in some spider mites, coleopterans (bark beetles) and rotifers.
In this system, sex is determined by the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives. An offspring formed from the union of a sperm and an egg develops as a female, and an unfertilized egg develops as a male. This means that the males have half the number of chromosomes that a female has, and are haploid.
The haplodiploid sex-determination system has a number of peculiarities. Most importantly, the relatedness between the sisterhood of worker bees in a hive or nest is 0.75. This means the workers are significantly more closely related than siblings in other sex determination systems. It is this point which drives the kin selection theory of how eusociality evolved.p465 Whether haplodiploidy did in fact pave the way for the evolution of eusociality is still a matter of debate.
The thing to remember is that in normal sexual reproduction, the father has two sets of chromosomes, and crossing over takes place between the chromatids of each pair during the meiosis which produces the sperm. Therefore, the sperms are not identical, because in each chromosome of a pair there will be different alleles at many of the loci. But when the father is haploid all the sperm will be identical (except for a small number where gene mutations have taken place in the germline). So, as long as all the female queen mates only with one male, all the female offspring will inherit the male's chromosome 100% intact. In fact in Hymenoptera, the males almost all produce enough sperm to last the female for a whole lifetime.
Another feature of the haplodiploidy system is that lethal and deleterious alleles will be removed from the population rapidly because they will automatically be expressed in the males.
Remy Zero

Remy Zero was a alternative rock band. The band made the theme song for the television series Smallville. The band broke up in 2003.
Belleherbe

Belleherbe is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
Hurricane David

Hurricane David was the strongest and deadliest hurricane of the 1979 Atlantic hurricane season, but not the costliest. This hurricane caused a lot of damage as it slammed into Dominican Republic as a category 5 hurricane and was it struck Florida as a category 2 hurricane. Hurricane David killed 2,068 and caused over $1.5 billion in damage.
Retirement
Because it killed so many people in Dominican Republic, the name David was retired. This was the first male name retired in the Atlantic Ocean. Meaning, David will never be used as a name of a storm in the Atlantic Ocean. The name Danny replaced it in 1985, 1991, 1997, 2003, and 2009. The name Danny is also on the list in 2015. Hurricane David was a very strong hurricane killing many.
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario

The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario is the representative of King Charles III in Ontario. He or she carries out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties, such as approving laws. On 23 September 2014, Elizabeth Dowdeswell became Lieutenant Governor.
The lieutenant governors are appointed by the Governor General of Canada, based on the advise of the Prime Minister of Canada.
Leymah Gbowee

Leymah Roberta Gbowee (died 1 February 1972) is a Liberian peace activist. In 2011 she won the Nobel Peace Prize with Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf and Tawakel Karman. This made Gbowee the second African woman to win the prize. Her book Might Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer, and Sex Changed a Nation at War was published in 2011. She also doesn't realize she needs to go to the gym, SHE FAT.
Early life
Gbowee was born in central Liberia. She was living with her parents and sisters in Monrovia when the First Liberian Civil War started in 1989. Gbowee was 17 and planning to study medicine. The war made things unsafe for Gbowee and her family. Gbowee moved to Ghana and lived as a refugee there. She later fled back to Liberia.
Personal life
Gbowee has eight children.
Rafael, Prince of Grão-Pará

Rafael of Orleans-Braganza (born 24 April 1986, Petropolis, Brazil) is a member of the Imperial House of Brazil and Prince of Grao-Para according to the disputed claims of the Imperial Family's Vassouras branch, being the third in the line line of succession to the Brazilian throne as heir to his father Antonio, Prince Imperial of Brazil. He was born in Petropolis, son of a widely considered [but yet disputed] non-morganatic marriage between the then Prince Antonio of Brazil and the Belgian Princess Christine of Ligne. An entrepeneur, Prince Rafael currently lives in London where he co-owns a consulting firm. Active in promoting the legacy and restoration of the Brazilian monarchy, he participates in monarchist events and represent the Brazilian Imperial Family in Europe.
Chuignes

Chuignes is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
History
On August 23, 1918 a German marine canon weighing 600 tonnes, measuring 21 m and with a range of about 40 km was captured by Australian major general John Monash's troops during World War I: the Chuignes Big Bertha.