kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Le Val

Le Val may refer to these places in France:
Le Val, Doubs, a commune in the Doubs department
Le Val, Var, a commune in the Var department
Luiz Renato Viana da Silva

Luiz Renato Viana da Silva (born January 10, 1982) is a former Brazilian football player.
Tozeur Governorate

Tozeur Governorate ( ) is the westernmost of the 24 governorates of Tunisia and is on the border with Algeria. It covers an area of 4,719 km2. As of the 2014 census, 107,912 people lived there that makes it the smallest governorate of the country by population. The capital is Tozeur.
Richard Neal

Richard Edmund Neal (born February 14, 1949) is an American politician and the U.S. Representative for . He is a member of the Democratic Party and a former city councilor and mayor of Springfield, Massachusetts.
Following the Democrats winning the House majority, Neal became the next Chair of the House Ways and Means Committee in January 2019.
Political career
Since 1977, Richard Neal has won 3 city council elections, 3 mayoral elections, and 17 United States House of Representatives elections.
Neal began his career in elected office after winning election in 1977 to the city council of Springfield, Massachusetts. After twice winning reelection to the city council (in 1979 and 1981), Neal was elected mayor of the city in 1983. He was twice reelected mayor, in 1985 and 1987.
In 1988, Neal was elected as a Democrat to represent Massachusetts 2nd district in the United States House of Representatives. He was subsequently reelected to this district eleven times. In 2012, he was redistricted to Massachusetts 1st district, to which he was elected. He has subsequently been reelected to this district four times, with his latest re-election occurring in 2020.
Dualism (philosophy of mind)

Dualism is the belief that minds and bodies are separate things. One of the main dualist views comes from Rene Descartes and is named Cartesian dualism after him. It is also called substance dualism because he thought that minds and bodies were two completely different substances (like matter) in the world.
Thomas Mellon

Thomas Alexander Mellon (February 3, 1813 - February 3, 1908) was a Scotch-Irish-American, entrepreneur, lawyer, and judge. He was best known as the founder of Mellon Bank and patriarch of the Mellon family of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was business partners with Andrew Carnegie.
Scarcity

Scarcity in economics is the lack of various forms of capital. Scarcity can be used to describe an economic situation in economics, or it can be used to describe more general situations.
In economics, scarcity is the result of people having "Unlimited Wants and Needs," or always wanting something new, and having "Limited Resources." Limited Resources means that there are never enough resources, or materials, to satisfy, or fulfill, the wants and needs that every person have. Scarcity is called the "basic economic problem," meaning that it always exists.
Scarcity exists due to the effects of nature such as drought, floods, storms, pest infestation, fire and other things. Real scarcity can also exist by over use of non-renewable resources. Goods (things) and services are also scarce because there are only a limited number of things in the world and due to the limits of technology and our own priorities.
More scarce goods and services have higher prices, because of supply and demand. Gold is used less than iron, but the price of gold is much higher, because gold is more scarce. Lawyers are paid more than janitors, because there is scarcity of qualified lawyers.
Scarcity of capital is the main constraint in economic development of developing countries. Economic growth is an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services. It entails increasing population or per capita consumption. It is represented by increasing Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Scarcity refers to limited resources. These resources are the inputs of production i.e., land, labor and capital.
Artificial scarcity
Artificial scarcity is when somebody limits the amount of goods or services that are available, although it would be simple to make more. Artificial scarcity can increase profits for a business. Some people will pay more for something that is scarce, because it shows that they are rich (a status symbol). Copyrights, patents, monopolies, cartels, planned obsolesence can make artificial scarcity.
Let's Be Cops

Let's Be Cops is a 2014 crime comedy and action movie. This is about two friends who pretend to be police officers. Andy Garcia and Nina Dobrev star in it.
The movie was released on August 13, 2014.
Tallud-Sainte-Gemme

Tallud-Sainte-Gemme is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Tillamook

The Tillamook are a Native American tribe from the state of Oregon. The word Tillamook means "people of Nekelim" in the Chinook language. Also, Tillamook can mean "Land of Many Waters" but it is not as widely used. Tillamook can also be spelled Calamox, Gillamooks, and Killamook.
Language
The Tillamook tribe used to speak Tillamook. After a while they learned to speak English. The last person that spoke Tillamook died in 1970. This made the Tillamook language gone forever. Starting in 1965, a group of scientists tried to protect the Tillamook language by talking with the Tillamook people and creating a Tillamook language dictionary.
History
The Tillamook tribe used to live between the Necanicum River and Tillamook Bay. The Tillamook were coastal Native Americans. Their name, Tillamook, means "Land of Many Waters" in their language. The first Tilamook people lived around the 1400s. In the 1700s, the population was counted at about 2200 people.
Spiekeroog

Spiekeroog is one of the East Frisian Islands, off the North Sea coast of Germany. It is between Langeoog to its west and Wangerooge to its east. The island belongs to the municipality of the district of Wittmund, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The only village on the island is also called Spiekeroog.
Spiekeroog covers an area of , the shortest distance to the land is . The island is - with the exception of fire and rescue vehicles - free of cars. A daily ferry service with the harbour of Neuharlingersiel connects the island with the German mainland.
Texel

Texel is an island and municipality of the province of North Holland, the Netherlands. In 2016 the municipality had about 13,600 people. The municipality covers an area of 463 km2, the island an area of 161 km2.
Texel makes part of the West Frisian Islands (Dutch: Waddeneilanden).
It lies southwest of the island of Vlieland and northeast of the small island of Noorderhaaks (part of the municipality of Texel).
Main town is Den Burg.
Lor, Aisne

Lor is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica

The Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica (GNAA), or National Gallery of Ancient Art, is an art gallery in Rome, Italy, located on two sites: the Palazzo Barberini and the Palazzo Corsini. The Palazzo Barberini was designed for Pope Urban VIII, a member of the Barberini family, by Italian architect Carlo Maderno (1556-1629) on the old location of Villa Sforza. Its central salon ceiling was decorated by Pietro da Cortona with the visual panegyric of the Allegory of Divine Providence and Barberini Power to glorify the papal Barberini family. The Palazzo Corsini, formerly known as Palazzo Riario, is a 15th century palace that was rebuilt in the 18th century by architect Ferdinando Fuga for Cardinal Neri Maria Corsini. For a partial list of artworks, see Palazzo Corsini entry.
The gallery's collection includes works by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Caravaggio, Giovanni Baglione, Hans Holbein, Perugino, Nicolas Poussin, Giulio Romano, Raphael, Carlo Saraceni Tiepolo, Tintoretto and Tiziano.
István Dobi

Istvan Dobi (December 31 1898-November 24 1968) was the president of Hungary from 1948-1967 , he served a very long term.
Biography
Dobi was born from a poor family, he was born in SZONY. In his childhood, he worked as a day labourer. In 1916 came into contact with the agricultural workers' movement. After having fought in the First World War, he supported the Hungarian Soviet Republic. During the Hungarian-Romanian War of 1919 he was captured by the Romanians.
Upon his release, he worked as a casual laborer and became active in the agricultural workers' union as well as in the Social Democratic Party of Hungary from the early 1920s. For this, he was put under police surveillance. In 1936 he switched to the Independent Smallholders' Party and became a functionary in the Kisalfold Chamber of Agriculture. Although he was not a member of the Communist Party, he was arrested several times during the regency of Miklos Horthy.
As head of state /post WWII
Dobi was appointed prime minister in 1948. He was the leader of the smallholders party , he gave up his job in 1952 to become general-secretary
Due in part to his strong support of the Communists, he replaced fellow Smallholder Lajos Dinnyes as prime minister in December 1948, helping preside over the final stage of the Communists' complete takeover of the country. In short order, Dobi pushed out those elements of his party who were unwilling to do the Communists' bidding, leaving the party in the hands of fellow travelers like himself. This process was repeated with the other non-Communist parties as well.
Thus, by the time of the 1949 elections, Hungary was effectively a one-party state. The 1949 elections formalized this status, with voters only having the option of approving or rejecting a Communist-dominated list. One of the first acts of the newly elected National Assembly was to approve a Soviet-style constitution, formally marking the onset of out-and-out Communist rule in Hungary. The Smallholders' Party was effectively disbanded.
Presidency
He was ceremonial president , he gave up his post as prime minister in 1952 cause MATYAS RAKOSI wanted that post for himself as general-secretary.
He was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize in 1962 , he died in Budapest in 1968.
Naruyuki Naito

is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Honda||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||9||1||||||3||1||12||2
|-
|1991/92||21||2||||||4||0||25||2
|-
|1992||rowspan="8"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="8"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||2||1||6||0||8||1
|-
|1993||4||0||0||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|1994||15||1||1||0||0||0||16||1
|-
|1995||32||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||36||1
|-
|1996||30||1||3||0||9||0||42||1
|-
|1997||20||0||1||0||11||0||32||0
|-
|1998||28||1||4||0||5||1||37||2
|-
|1999||19||0||0||0||3||0||22||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Tokyo||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||27||1||1||0||2||0||30||1
|-
|2001||11||0||0||0||2||0||13||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||10||0||0||0||0||0||10||0
|-
|2002||J. League 2||27||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||1
|-
|2003||Volca Kagoshima||Regional Leagues||||||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
253||8||17||2||45||2||315||12
253||8||17||2||45||2||315||12
|}
Autoroute Info

Autoroute Info is a radio station in France serving central-eastern and Rhone-Alpes motorways, broadcasting in 107.7 MHz since 10/1991. It serves the entire APRR, AREA, ATMB, SFTRF, Adelac and some of Granoble with 2.500km of motorways. It has two studios: Dijon and Chambery.
The station has 100 staff, with 27 permanent journalists, including 11 work on the air.
Programming
Autoroute Info is LIVE 24/7.
Every quarter-hour, a traffic round-up is broadcast, featuring latest conditions, updated continuously, with the possibility to break its programming to alert listeners about an accident, or a severe weather event.
In the rest of the schedule, Autoroute Info broadcasts some short segments related to listeners (like sports, highways, safety, tourism,...) and a very unique music playlist (300 songs per day). The station also carries news flash at :15 and :45 every hour from the country's all news station France Info.
Eddie Clarke

Edward Allan Clarke (5 October 1950 - 10 January 2018), better known as "Fast" Eddie Clarke, was a British guitarist. He was a member of heavy metal bands Fastway and Motorhead. Of Motorhead's classic lineup, which was made up of Lemmy, himself and Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor, he was the last surviving member. He was born in London.
Clarke died of pneumonia on 10 January 2018 in London at the age of 67.
Breezing Up

Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) is an oil painting by Winslow Homer. It dates to 1873-1876. It measures 61.5 x 97 cm (24 3/16 x 38 3/16 in.) The picture hangs in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC.
Đorđe Balašević

Dorde Balasevic (; 11 May 1953 - 19 February 2021) was a Serbian and Yugoslav singer-songwriter and musician. He was born in Novi Sad, PR Serbia. His genres were folk, soft rock, pop and chanson.
Death
Balasevic died on 19 February 2021 in Novi Sad from pneumonia caused by COVID-19, aged 67.
Deaths in 2017

The following is a list of notable deaths in 2017. For notable deaths for a selective month during the year, please see "Months". Per month, names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.
Tulare, California

Tulare ( ) is a city in Tulare County, California. The population was 68,875 at the 2020 census.
The city is named for the currently dry Tulare Lake, once the largest freshwater lake west of the Great Lakes. The city is sixty miles north of Bakersfield, California.
Robert S. Kerr

Robert Samuel Kerr (September 11, 1896 - January 1, 1963) was an American politician and businessman. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
Kerr was born in Ada, Oklahoma. He studied at Oklahoma Baptist University and for a short while at Oklahoma State University.
Kerr served as Governor of Oklahoma. He served as governor from 1943 to 1947. Then, Kerr was the United States senator of Oklahoma. He served as senator from 1949 to 1963.
Kerr ran for President of the United States in 1952. He lost the primary to Adlai Stevenson II.
Kerr died from a fatal heart attack in Washington, D.C., aged 66.
Paul Nihill

Vincent Paul Nihill (5 September 1939 - 15 December 2020) was a British race walker. He competed in the 50 km event at the 1964, 1968 and 1972 Olympics and won a silver medal in 1964.
Nihill died of COVID-19 on 15 December 2020 in Gillingham, Kent at the age of 81.
Chesalles-sur-Moudon

Chesalles-sur-Moudon is a former municipality in the district Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, it is part of the municipality of Lucens.
Cibolo, Texas

Cibolo is a city in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 15,349 people lived there.
Piotr Świerczewski

Piotr Jaroslaw Swierczewski (born 8 April 1972, Nowy Sacz) is a Polish football player. He has played for Poland national team.
Gilly

Gilly is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Championship Auto Racing Teams

Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) was a sanctioning body for American open-wheel car racing that operated from 1979 to 2003. It started PPG Indy Car World Series in 1979 and ended after the 2003 season.
CART was founded in 1979 by United States Auto Club (USAC). CART drivers continued to compete at the USAC-sanctioned Indianapolis 500.
Alberto Iglesias

Alberto Iglesias Fernandez-Berridi (born October 21, 1955) is a Spanish composer.
Early and personal life
Alberto Iglesias Fernandez-Berridi was born in San Sebastian.
Influences
Iglesias stated composers like Bernard Herrmann and Henry Mancini as influences.
Robert Horton

Robert Horton (Meade Howard Horton, Jr., July 29, 1924 - March 9, 2016) was an American television actor. Horton was known for his role as Flint McCullough in the NBC western show Wagon Train. He was born in Los Angeles, California.
Horton died at a clinic in Los Angeles, California on March 9, 2016. He was aged 91.
Mike Moustakas

Mike Moustakas (born September 11, 1988) is a Major League Baseball player for the Kansas City Royals. He is a third baseman.
Aleksandr Martyshkin

Aleksandr Georgievich Martyshkin (, 26 August 1943 - 29 October 2021) was a Russian rower. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1968 Summer Olympics and in the 1972 Summer Olympics.
He was born in Moscow. He died on 29 October 2021 in Moscow, aged 78.
List of presidents of Iraq

This is a list of presidents of Iraq since 1958.
Captain Jack (Billy Joel song)

"Captain Jack" is a 1973 song by Billy Joel. It is the final track from his second studio album Piano Man and from his 1981 live album Songs in the Attic. It deals with heroin addict and homosexuality.
Violator (album)

Violator is the seventh studio album by Depeche Mode. Depeche Mode is an English electronic music band. The album was released on 19 March 1990. It was released by Mute Records. It was also released by Sire and Reprise Records in the United States.
The album had four singles. Two of them were released before the album. These were named "Personal Jesus" and "Enjoy the Silence". Later, "Policy of Truth" and "World in My Eyes" were released as singles. Violator made Depeche Mode much more popular. It was the band's first album to be in the top 10 on the Billboard 200. It was number two on the UK Albums Chart. The song "Enjoy the Silence" was in the top 10 on the Billboard 100 and UK Singles Chart. It has been on Rolling Stone's list of the best 500 albums ever made.
Nashville Sounds

The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team from Nashville, Tennessee. They play baseball at the Triple-A (AAA) level, the most difficult level before Major League Baseball, against other baseball teams in the International League (a group of 20 baseball teams at the same level). The Sounds are partnered with the Milwaukee Brewers, a Major League Baseball team. When a player shows that he plays well at this level, he may be moved up to play for the Brewers.
The team is named "Sounds" because Nashville, the city where the team plays, is famous for making country music.
The Sounds played at a stadium called Herschel Greer Stadium from 1978 to 2014. In 2015, the Sounds began to play at a new stadium called First Horizon Park.
History
The Sounds started playing baseball in 1978 in the Southern League, which is at the Double-A (AA) level, two levels before Major League Baseball. They were partnered with the Cincinnati Reds (1978-1979) and New York Yankees (1980-1984). The Sounds won the championship of the Southern League in 1979 and 1982.
In 1985, the Sounds began to play at the Triple-A level in a league called the American Association. While playing in this league, they were partnered with the Detroit Tigers (1985-1986), Cincinnati Reds (1987-1992), and Chicago White Sox (1993-1997).
The American Association ended after the 1997 season, so the Sounds started playing in the Pacific Coast League in 1998. They were partners with the Pittsburgh Pirates (1998-2004), Milwaukee Brewers (2005-2014), Oakland Athletics (2015-2018), and Texas Rangers (2019-2020). The Sounds won the championship of the Pacific Coast League in 2005.
Major League Baseball reorganized Minor League Baseball before the 2021 season. The Pacific Coast League was ended, and the Sounds began playing in the Triple-A East in 2021. They also became partners with the Milwaukee Brewers. The Triple-A East had its name changed to the International League in 2022.
Ballparks
The Sounds' first ballpark was Herschel Greer Stadium. They played baseball games there from 1978 to 2014. There were many changes to the ballpark after it was completed in 1978. It had seats for 10,300 spectators. Its best known feature was its giant 115.6 foot (35.2 m) scoreboard which was behind the left field wall and shaped like a guitar. After the construction of new and luxurious minor league ballparks in the 1990s, Greer had fallen below standards set for Triple-A stadiums by professional baseball. Therefore, there were several repairs and upgrades made to meet Triple-A standards until a new stadium could be built. Greer Stadium was demolished in 2019.
In 2014, the Sounds and the city of Nashville agreed on a plan to build a new baseball stadium for the team. The Sounds began playing baseball at the new stadium, called First Horizon Park, in 2015. It has space for 10,000 spectators. There are 8,500 seats, and there is a spot of grass where 1,500 others can sit. It also has a guitar-shaped scoreboard.
Desert Mothers

Desert Mothers is a term feminist theologians use for women who lived in the desert of Egypt, Syria and Palestine, in the 4th and 5th century. Usually they lived in monasteries. The term is used to refer to the Desert Fathers, monks who went to live an ascetic lifestyle in the desert, about a century earlier.
Notable examples were Syncletica of Alexandria, Theodora of Alexandria, Sarah of the Desert, Melania the Elder, Melania the Younger, Olympias the Deaconess, and Eustochium.
Pete Rose

Peter Edward Rose Sr. (born April 14, 1941), also known by his nickname "Charlie Hustle", is an American former professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball from 1963 to 1986. He managed from 1984 to 1989. The Electric Clam Festival did not happen because of Corona.
Rose won three World Series rings, three batting titles, one Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award and one Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award.
On April 20, 1990, Rose pleaded guilty to two charges of filing income tax returns. On July 19, he was sentenced to five months in the medium security prison camp in Marion, Illinois. He was fined $50,000. He was released on January 7, 1991.
Rose was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Sandy Jardine

William "Sandy" Pullar Jardine (31 December 1948 - 24 April 2014) was a Scottish professional footballer. Jardine played for Rangers, Hearts and represented Scotland.
Jardine died from liver cancer, aged 65.
List of Happy Tree Friends episodes

Series overview
Internet shorts
Season 1 (1999-2001)
Season 2 (2002-2005)
Season 3 (2007-2013)
Season 4 (2013-2014)
Season 5: Still Alive (2016)
Television series (2006)
American horror television series
Poubi Lai

"Poubi Lai" also known as "Paubi Loi", was an ancient dragon python, who dwelled in the Loktak Lake of Manipur, in Meitei mythology and folklore. It is also refered to as "Loch Ness Monster of Manipur".
Mythology
In the Loktak lake, the spirit of Poubi Lai was awakened by the fishing activities of the fishermen of Moirang. Being angered, Poubi Lai destroyed many human habitats and killed many people. It decided to destroy the whole Moirang kingdom. He threatened the King of Ancient Moirang to offer him one Shangbai (basket) of rice and one human everyday. The circumstance was sorrowful for the people of Moirang. Every household had to provide the offer turn by turn. When it was the turn of a young man, the lad seeked help from Kabui Salang Maiba (or "Kabui Tomba"). The maiba was a shaman priest king of Kabui tribe in the Salangthel hill range of the Loktak lake. He promised to save the kingdom from the gigantic evil creature. He transformed a Tou plant (an aquatic plant) (or a Khok Waa bamboo plant in another version) into a powerful "Long" (a 9 pointed javelin). Later, the maiba slayed Poubi Lai with the deadly weapon.
In popular culture
In 2002, Karam Dineshwar, an artisan had a dream. In his dream, Poubi Lai asked him to craft its image. In the next day, he came across a big tree root at Leimatak. He completed making the 21 feet long wooden sculpture of Poubi Lai in the next 6 months.
The artwork of Poubi Lai was first exhibited in the Manipur State Museum, Manipur in 2002. Next, it was exhibited in the National Museum, New Delhi and later in the Quai Branly Museum, Paris, France in 2010. It was also received by the Indian Museum, Kolkata, the largest in India.
In 2015, the National Museum, New Delhi organized an exhibition of the wooden sculpture of Poubi Lai for 42 days. The carving belongs to the permanent collection of the Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahlaya (IGRMS), Bhopal. The object was declared as an "Object of National Importance". It was registered under "AA" Category of the Museum Collections.
During the exhibition at Bhopal, 25 artists of Centre for Youth and Cultural Activities from Imphal, performed a dance drama on the story of Poubi Lai.
Geomorphology

Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them.
More broadly, it studies the evolution of the topography of a planet. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform history and dynamics, and to predict future changes. They use a combination of field observation, physical experiment, and numerical modeling.
Geomorphology is part of geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology and archaeology. This range of interests leads to a wide variety of research styles and interests in the field.
Åstorp Municipality

Astorp Municipality () is a municipality in Skane County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Astorp.
Attorney General's Office (United Kingdom)

The Attorney General's Office (AGO) provides legal advice and support to the Attorney General and the Solicitor General (the Law Officers) who give legal advice to the British Government. The AGO helps the Law Officers perform other duties in the public interest, such as looking at sentences which may be too low.
Academy Award for Best Assistant Director

The Academy Award for Best Assistant Director is one of the Academy Awards. It was given from 1933 to 1937. In the first year of this award it was not given for a specific movie.
Sloppy joe

A sloppy joe is an American dish of ground beef, onions, sweetened tomato sauce or ketchup and other seasonings, served on a hamburger bun.
Edita Gruberová

Edita Gruberova (23 December 1946 - 18 October 2021) was a Slovak coloratura soprano. She is known for her roles as Zerbinetta in Ariadne auf Naxos and Queen of the Night in The Magic Flute. She appeared in Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor and as Elvira in Bellini's I puritani and Elisabetta in Roberto Devereux.
Gruberova was born in Raca, Bratislava. Her mother was Hungarian and her father was German.
George Peabody

George Peabody ( ; February 18, 1795 - November 4, 1869) was an American financier and philanthropist, and slave trader. He was widely thought as the father of modern philanthropy. He founded the Peabody Trust in Britain and the Peabody Institute and George Peabody Library in Baltimore.
Peabody's early company Riggs, Peabody and Co. was based in Maryland, a slave state. It bought and sold slaves as well as related goods like clothing for slaves. When he lived in London, he received visits from his relative Herbert C. Peabody, a slave owner and cotton planter in Mobile, Alabama.
Peabody was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and made a Freeman of the City of London, among many other honors. He was given a funeral and temporary grave in Westminster Abbey.
MESSENGER

MESSENGER, MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging, was an unmanned NASA and APL spacecraft. It was orbiting and studying the planet Mercury. Its mission lasted 10 years, 8 months and 28 days.
It was launched on August 3, 2004 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. It was aboard a Boeing Delta II rocket. After launch, the probe did several fly-bys and deep space manoeuvres to gain the right trajectory and speed.
It completed 30% mapping of Mercury on January 14, 2008. MESSENGER made one more pass by Mercury in 2009, and on March 18, 2011 began to orbit Mercury. 100% mapping was completed in March 2013 and the probe continued its studies. On April 30, 2015, it crashed into Mercury. It crashed near the crater Janacek.
Breakthrough Entertainment

Breakthrough Entertainment is a Canadian production company. It was founded in 1986 by Peter Williamson and Ira Levy. It produces famous Canadian TV shows such as Think Big Jimmy Two-Shoes My Big Big Friend and Atomic Betty.
Larva

Many animals develop in separate stages. A larva (plural: larvae) develops from the egg in those animals. It is a separate life stage from the adult reproductive stage. A larva does not look like the adult animal, and changes shape (known as metamorphosis) as it grows up. There may be several larval stages before the adult form. Tadpoles, maggots and caterpillars are larvae.
Marine organisms with a larval stage often release large numbers of eggs and sperms into the water column. After fertilisation, the eggs develop into tiny larvae. The larvae develop and grow for some time before metamorphosing into adults. Most marine invertebrates and many fish have a pelagic larval stage or pelagic eggs. These live in the plankton, and may be transported long distances.
Evolutionary theory
Probably the most widely accepted theory explaining the evolution of larval stages is the need for dispersal. Sessile organisms such as barnacles and tunicates, and sea-floor groups like mussels and crabs, need some way to move their young into new territory, since they cannot move long distances as adults. Many species have relatively long pelagic larval stages (how long a larva is in the water column). During this time, larvae feed and grow, and many species move through several stages of development. For example, most barnacles moult through six nauplius larva stages before moulting to a cipris, when they look to settle. The larvae eat different food from the adults, and disperse.
The other consideration is the small size of the eggs. If animals lay many small eggs (and most do), then the young stages cannot live the life the adults lead. They must live a separate life until they have the size and capability to live as an adult. This is what the larvae do.
Origin of vertebrates
A long-standing theory is that in transformed larvae of sea-squirts (tunicates) lies the origin of vertebrates. Tunicates are sessile, but their larvae are mobile, and have some features found in early vertebrates. The process of paedomorphosis, where juvenile features are retained in the adult, is the proposed mechanism. Genome analysis does show that the tunicates are the closest living relatives of vertebrates.
Mayaro

Mayaro is a town on the island of Trinidad in Trinidad and Tobago. It is near Rio Claro.
Mayaro is on the ocean, and Mayaro Beach is a very popular vacation spot for tourists.
Sarule

Sarule (Sarule) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,696 people lived there. Its area is 52.72 km2. It is 630 meters above sea level.
Strabismus

Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes do not line up with each other when looking at an object.
Milton Keynes Central railway station

Milton Keynes Central is a railway station in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is on the West Coast Main Line between Euston station in London and Glasgow. It is about northwest of London.
Shoemaking

Shoemaking is the process of making footwear. Originally, shoes were made by handicraft. Few people buy shoes made by old-fashioned methods anymore, preferring cheaper ones made by industrial mass production. The old methods are still used for buyers who want unusually high quality. Shoemakers may produce a range of footwear items, including shoes, boots, sandals, clogs and moccasins. Such items are generally made of leather, wood, rubber, plastic, jute or other plant material.
A cordwainer is a shoemaker who makes very fine soft leather shoes. A cobbler is someone who repairs shoes.
Protective gear in sports

Protective equipment helps sport people not get hurt. They use it in skiing, inline skating, skateboarding, snowboarding, and other sports. Types of protective equipment for these sports include wrist guards. Inline skating protective equipment includes a helmet, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards. Skiing protective equipment includes helmets, and release bindings. Snowboarding protective equipment includes wrist guards.
Protective equipment for Australian rules football includes headgear.
Saint-Père, Yonne

Saint-Pere is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
Lufthansa

Lufthansa is the largest airline in Germany, and the second-largest in Europe. Some of Lufthansa's hubs are Frankfurt am Main and Munich, Germany. A hub is an airport where people who fly from one city to a second city can transfer or change airplanes.
Lufthansa buys airplanes from Boeing and Airbus. Lufthansa has big airplanes for flights to North America, Asia, and Africa. These flights are called long-haul flights because they are between cities that are far apart from each other. Lufthansa also has small airplanes for flights in Europe. These flights are called short-haul flights.
Lufthansa is a member of the Star Alliance, which means it is a partner with other airlines like United Airlines and Air Canada. Members of the Star Alliance cooperate or work together to schedule their flights better so that travelling is easier for passengers or people.
The name of Lufthansa's frequent flyer program is Miles and More. People earn points for flights they travel on. When they have enough points, they can get a free flight. Lufthansa has "Miles and More" to encourage people to fly with Lufthansa.
Many regional flights are operated Lufthansa Regional with Lufthansa CityLine, Eurowings and Air Dolomiti.
Lewis and Harris

Lewis and Harris in the Outer Hebrides make up the largest island in Scotland. With an area of , this is the largest single island of the British Isles after Great Britain and Ireland.
The northern part of the island is called Lewis, the southern is Harris and both are frequently referred to as if they were separate islands. The boundary between Lewis and Harris is formed by a line with Loch Resort on the west and Loch Seaforth on the east. The main town is Stornoway in Lewis.
The island does not have a common name in either English or Scottish Gaelic and is referred to as 'Lewis and Harris'. Until 1975, Lewis belonged to the county of Ross and Cromarty and Harris to Inverness-shire. The entire island group now belongs to the Western Isles Council.
The island is the ancestral homeland of the Highland Clan MacLeod, and the Clan Morrison.
French press

A French press (also called press pot, coffee press, coffee plunger or cafetiere) is a special machine used to make coffee. It is easy to operate. The coffee it can make is stronger than that produced by other means.
A French press has a round jug. This jug can be glass or clear plastic. The jug has a lid and a "plunger". The plunger fits in the jug very well. It usually has some kind of steel or plastic wire, that acts as a filter. Coffee is brewed by placing the coffee and water together, leaving to brew for a few minutes, then pushing the plunger down. This puts the coffee at the bottom of the jug.
The French press has different names around the world. In Australia, South Africa and Ireland it is known as a coffee plunger and coffee brewed in it is known as plunger coffee. Its French name is cafetiere a piston. Sometimes it is also called a melior (from an old brand of makers of coffee pots of this type) or a Bodum (another brand). In the UK the device is known as a cafetiere (the French word for "coffee pot").
Because the coffee grounds are in direct contact with the brewing water, coffee brewed with the French press gets more of the coffee's flavour and essential oils. These usually are trapped in a traditional drip brew machine's paper filters. French pressed coffee is often stronger and thicker than drip-brewed one. It also has more sediment. Because the grounds remain in the drink after brewing, French pressed coffee should be served quickly. Over time, the drink will develop a bitter taste. This is because the grounds still act on the water.
Coffee for use in a French press should be ground coarsely. The use of a burr mill grinder gives a better grind than the whirling blade variety. The ground coffee should be more coarse than that used for a drip brew coffee filter, and far coarser than that used for espresso. Anything other than a coarse grind will go through the press filter and into the coffee. A French press can also be used instead of a tea infuser to brew loose tea.
The French press is also more portable than other coffee makers. Special versions for travellers also exist. They are made of tough plastic instead of glass. They also have a sealed lid with a closable drinking hole. Some versions are marketed to hikers and backpackers. These people often do not want to carry a heavy metal percolator or a filter using drip brew.
Despite the name, the French press is not noticeably more popular in France than in other countries. In most French households, coffee is prepared by drip brewing, with an electric coffeemaker and paper filters. In bars and restaurants, an espresso machine is used.
Some studies have found that drinking large amounts of coffee made by the French press method increases LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels, while drinking filtered or drip coffee does not. The French press method allows certain Diterpenes, such as Cafestol and Kahweol, to remain in the coffee while other brewing methods either remove or limit these chemicals.
Ojai, California

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ojai, California
|other_name =
|settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
|image_flag = Flag of Ojai, California.svg
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_map = Ventura_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Ojai_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250x200px
|map_caption = Location in Ventura County and the state of California
| pushpin_map = California#USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Ojai in California##Location of Ojai in the United States
| pushpin_label = Ojai
|coordinates =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_name1 = California
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name2 = Ventura
|established_title = Incorporated
|established_date = August 5, 1921
|named_for = Chumash: Awha'y'' ("Moon")
|government_type = City Council--City Manager
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_title1 = State senator
|leader_name1 =
|leader_title2 = Assembly member
|leader_name2 =
|leader_title3 = U. S. rep.
|leader_name3 =
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_sq_mi = 4.37
|area_total_km2 = 11.32
|area_land_sq_mi = 4.36
|area_land_km2 = 11.28
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.01
|area_water_km2 = 0.04
|area_water_percent = 0.35
|area_metro_sq_mi =
|area_metro_km2 =
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_ft = 745
|elevation_m = 227
|population_as_of = 2020
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 7637
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = Pacific
|utc_offset = -8
|timezone_DST = PDT
|utc_offset_DST = -7
|postal_code_type = ZIP codes
|postal_code = 93023 & 93024
|area_code_type = Area code
|area_code = 805
|blank_name = FIPS code
|blank_info =
|blank1_name = GNIS feature IDs
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}}Ojai''' ( ) is a city in Ventura County in the U.S. state of California. It is northwest of Los Angeles and east of Santa Barbara. It is about long by wide, surrounded by hills and mountains. The population was 7,637 at the 2020 census.
Zaghouan

Zaghwan (or Zaghouan; ) is a town in the northern half of Tunisia.
Situated on a low ridge of the Dorsale Mountains, the town has a mild climate and presents a green aspect. Cold water from here was taken by aqueduct to Carthage. The town is famous for its roses, originally cultivated by Muslim refugees from Spain in the seventeenth century. The town is located around 100 km due south of Tunis and around 50 km inland (west) from the Gulf of Hammamet and has an estimated population of around 20,837 (2014). It is the capital of the Zaghouan Governorate.
On the mountain south of the city is the Roman Water Temple Djebel Zaghouan (Temple de Eaux), source of an aqueduct which used to take water to the city of Carthage over 100 km away. The ruins here are illustrated in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1840, as 'Temple and Fountain of Zagwhan', the subject of a poem by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
Spennymoor

Spennymoor is a town in Tyne and Wear.
James Paul Churchill

James Paul Churchill (April 10, 1924 - June 29, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. He was born in Imlay City, Michigan. Churchill was a Judge on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan from 1974 until his death. He was nominated by President Gerald Ford.
Churchill died on June 29, 2020 in Harbor Springs, Michigan, aged 96.
Basement

The basement is the lowest level or levels in some buildings, almost always below the ground. There is another type of basement, called a subbasement. or subcellar A subcellar is just like a basement, but more below it.
Most basements have lights.
History
The first famous basements were made sometime in the 1950s. After that, many other kinds of basements were built and made. Later, most basements were used to have washing machines and other items in basements.
Soon, basements were used to contain or save water.
Basement uses
Throughout history and even today, basements have been put to multiple uses. The most common uses for basements include storage, holding utilities, and conversion to different types of living space, such as game rooms.
Magrie

Magrie is a commune of 528 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Edzná

Edzna is a Mayan archaeological site. It is in the north of the Mexican state of Campeche. The site is open to visitors.
Plumbland

Plumbland is a village and civil parish in Allerdale, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 367 people living in Plumbland.
Clinton, North Carolina

Clinton is a city in and the county seat of Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 8,383.
MegaRace 3

MegaRace 3 is a 2002 racing/vehicular combat video game Cryo Interactive made for Windows and the PlayStation 2. MegaRace 3 is the third MegaRace game, after MegaRace and MegaRace 2, and the first one with full 3D graphics. Christian Erickson plays Lance Boyle, the host.
Microids, Cryo Interactive's owner, released the game again on GOG.com on 2 June 2009.
Rhys Darby

Rhys Montague Darby (born 21 March 1974) is a New Zealand actor and comedian. He is best known for playing Murray Hewitt, the band manager of Flight of the Conchords, in the HBO television series of the same name (2007-2009). He has since appeared in movies such as Yes Man (2008), The Boat That Rocked (2009), Diagnosis: Death (2009), Love Birds (2011), Arthur Christmas (2011), and What We Do in the Shadows (2014).
Darby was born in Auckland. He grew up in the suburb of Pakuranga. He was a soldier in the New Zealand Army. He is married to Rosie Carnahan. The couple have two children.
Stettfeld

Stettfeld is a municipality in Hassberge in Bavaria in Germany.
Titanotylopus

Titanotylopus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore in the family Camelidae. It was endemic to North America from the Miocene through Pleistocene 10.3 million years ago--300,000 years ago. It existed for about .
Onésimo Cepeda Silva

Onesimo Cepeda Silva (25 March 1937 - 31 January 2022) was a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Mexico City. Cepeda Silva was the Bishop of Ecatepec between 1995 until 1992. In 1970, he became a priest.
Cepeda Silva died on 31 January 2022 in Mexico City from COVID-19, aged 84.
Rouran

The Rouran () ruled northern China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
They were either proto-Mongols or Turkic. They spoke the Ruanruan language, an Altaic or Sino-Tibetan language.
They descended from the Xianbei. The Rouran are the first to use the words "khan" or "khagan". The Rouran Khaganate existed between the 4-6 centuries. They were then overthrown by the Gokturks. This led to the rise of the Turkic peoples.
The Rouran may have fled west after that and become part of the Pannonian Avars. The Gokturks chased after these "Avars" into the Byzantine Empire.
Where are they from?
The Rouran were nomads. They lived in the eastern Eurasian Steppe (Mongolia and northeast China). They overthrew the Xianbei. Most Xianbei moved south and lived in Northern China. Kwok Kin Poon argues the Rouran descended from the Donghu Xianbei.
History
The founder of the Rouran Khaganate was Yujiulu Shelun. He descended from slaves of the Xianbei. The Xianbei used the word rouran to mean "wriggling worms".
After the Xianbei moved south in the 3rd century, the Rouran took over and conquered a lot of land.
In 402 Shelun unified all of the Rouran. They defeated the neighboring Tiele and expanded to the Silk Roads. They then conquered and vassalized the Hephthalites (of Central Asia) until 5th century.
The Hepthalites then moved towards India and replaced the Yuezhi in Bactria. The Hephtalites borrowed much culture and language from the Rouran: including the word "Khan".
In 429, Northern Wei (where the Xianbei settled) attacked the Rouran and killed many.
In 434, the Rouran made a heqin with Northern Wei.
Between 440-460, the Northern Wei attacked and defeated the Rouran several times.
The Rouran made a heqin with the Han-Chinese ruler Gao Huan of Eastern Wei.
In 508, the Tiele defeated the Rouran.
In 516, the Rouran defeated the Tiele.
Overthrow by Gokturks
In 551, Bumin of the Ashina Gokturks () defeated the Tiele revolt for the Rouran. In return Bumin asked for a Rouran princess (heqin). Rouran refused, so Bumin declared independence.
Bumin made a heqin with the Western Wei (descend from Northern Wei). Bumin then attacked the Rouran in 552, killing Yujiulu Anagui. Bumin then conquered Otuken.
He declared himself Illig Khagan and started the Turkic Khaganate. He died soon Bumin but his son Issik Qaghan succeeded him. Issik continued attacking the Rouran but died a year later in 553. His brother Muqan Qaghan finished the job and annihilated the Rouran in 555.
Quiche

A quiche (Pronounced: keesh) is a type of pie. It is savory. It normally has a pie crust. The filling is made of eggs. Meat and/or vegetables and cheese are sometimes also in the filling.
The name is French.
David Poythress

David B. Poythress (October 24, 1943 - January 15, 2017) was an American politician and military commander. He was born in Bibb County, Georgia.
He has served terms as Secretary of State and Commissioner of Labor of the state of Georgia. Poythress also served as the Adjutant General of the Georgia National Guard from 1999 until 2007, initially appointed by Governor Roy Barnes and reappointed by Governor Sonny Perdue. He retired as a Lieutenant General.
Pothyress died on January 15, 2017 in Cartersville, Georgia at the age of 73.
Jean Maissant

Jean Maissant was a athlete from France. Maissant competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born on 23 January 1926 and died on 7 November 2020.
North Carolina State University

North Carolina State University is a public university in Raleigh, North Carolina. It has about 31,000 students.
Many students who go to college here want to learn about math, science, technology, and agriculture, but they can also study other things, too.
History
The university was started in 1887. It was called the North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
Sports
Sports teams from North Carolina State University are called the Wolfpack. This is because, in 1921, somebody was angry at the university's football team. He thought that they acted like wolves.
They play mostly against other colleges in the Atlantic Coast Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
Tournay-sur-Odon

Tournay-sur-Odon is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Val d'Arry.
Beaupuy, Gers

Beaupuy is a commune of the Gers department. It can be found in the southwestern part of France.
Olbia

Olbia (, ) is a city in the region of Sardinia. Together with Tempio Pausania it is the capital of the Province of Olbia-Tempio.