kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Collectivism

Collectivism is a kind of ethics based on people being a group. Its opposite is individualism which is based on people being individuals. Collectivists focus on what's good for a whole group. Individualists focus on what's good for each person. Collectivism and individualism are and are also part of politics.
The word "individualism" was originally used by socialists to attack their enemies. They said that individualists were selfish for not supporting socialism. Instead, individualists support people being independent and chasing their own goals. They also believe in having lots of freedoms.
Collectivists believe that one person is not as important as a group of many people. They often believe people should compromise to make things better for each other instead of just themselves. They also think that letting someone do whatever they want is not good if it hurts lots of other people. Collectivism has many different types. It can mean serving your community, your government, your social class, your race, or some other group.
Research
In 1930, Max Weber compared collectivism and individualism in religion. He thought that Protestants were more individualistic and independent, but Catholics were more focused on hierarchy and community.
The German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies described an early model of collectivism and individualism using the terms Gemeinschaft (community) and Gesellschaft (society). Gemeinschaft relationships, in which communalism is prioritized, were thought to be characteristic of small, rural village communities. An anthropologist, Redfield (1941) echoed this notion in work contrasting folk society with urban society.
Hofstede (1980) was highly influential in ushering in an era of cross-cultural research making comparisons along the dimension of collectivism versus individualism. Hofstede conceptualized collectivism and individualism as part of a single continuum, with each cultural construct representing an opposite pole. The author characterized individuals that endorsed a high degree of collectivism as being embedded in their social contexts and prioritizing communal goals over individual goals.
Diamond and Silk

Ineitha Lynnette Hardaway and Herneitha Rochelle Hardaway Richardson, known as Diamond and Silk were American far-right conservative political commentators and vloggers. They are known for their support of former President Donald Trump. Both were commentators for the conservative news channel Newsmax.
They became popular during the 2016 presidential campaign of Trump and again in April 2018 when Facebook said that their posts were "unsafe to the community". In April 2020, the two were fired from Fox News for questioning COVID-19 data.
On January 8, 2023, Diamond died at her home in North Carolina at the age of 51. She died of heart disease.
Marc D'Amelio

Marc D'Amelio (born in November 1, 1968) is an American politician and Internet personality. He is the father of Charli D'Amelio and Dixie D'Amelio.
Biography
Marc was born on November 1, 1968. D'Amelio received a bachelor's degree in political science and government from the University of Connecticut at Storrs in 1991.
Career
D'Amelio has worked for various organizations within the apparel industry. He founded the Madsoul Clothing Company in 2000 and the Level 4 Collective Showroom in 2007. He has held leadership positions in the Norwalk High School Parent Teacher Organization and Parent Club. He was also elected to the Norwalk High School Governing Council for the 2016-2017 school year.
He also posts videos on the TikTok platform where he has over 10 million followers, his daughter Charli D'Amelio having the second most followed account after Khaby Lame.
Personal life
He married Heidi D'Amelio in 2000 and had two daughters with her: Charli and Dixie.
Blindheim

Blindheim (); ; traditionally known in English as Blenheim ( ), is a municipality in the Bavarian district of Dillingen in southern Germany, containing of several villages. It is north of Augsburg, on the left bank of the Danube River. Its population is about 1,700.
For administrative purposes, it is affiliated with the municipal association of Hochstadt an der Donau.
Toulis-et-Attencourt

Toulis-et-Attencourt is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
IS-IS

Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) is a routing protocol used in larger office networks and parts of the Internet. It quickly decides how data gets from one place to another on a network or the Internet.
Jackson, North Carolina

Jackson is a town in Northampton County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 513 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Northampton County.
Jackson is part of the Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Crazylegs Crane

Crazylegs Crane is a 16-episode 6 minute television program from The All New Pink Panther Show. All episodes were released in 1978.
Revolver (magazine)

Revolver is a monthly hard rock and heavy metal magazine published by Future US. It started as a magazine that was about more popular styles of music, but then changed to what it is now. The magazine is put together a lot like Spin, and also writes about the heavy metal and punk subcultures. It has cover stories (usually centering on a band's new album, song, or upcoming tour), album reviews, instrument reviews, and a section for readers to get advice from a celebrity.
Another notable feature of the magazine is its coverage of underground and up-and-coming bands from all over the world. Instead of focusing only on the most popular bands, Revolver introduces a lot that are not played on the radio or on MTV.
Kuch Toh Log Kahenge

Kuch Toh Log Kahenge is an Indian soap opera television program. It airs on Sony TV. It first appeared on TV on October 3, 2011. It is a remake of the Pakistani classical TV drama Dhoop Kinare. Kuch Toh Log Kahenge is a love story between two people who have a substantial age gap. It last appeared on TV on March 28, 2013.
At first, actors Kritika Kamra and Mohnish Behl played the two main characters. Sharad Kelcar was later replaced by :en:Sharad Kelkar.
Plot
Kuch Toh Log Kahenge takes places in a hospital in Lucknow.
Kuch Toh Log Kahenge is a love story between people from two different generations: a young, spirited Dr. Nidhi Verma (age 24) and a brooding and handsome Dr. Ashutosh (age 42). These two people do not know that they have a connection from their past.
Awards
KTLK's entire cast and crew won an award at the 18th Lion Gold Awards.
Johana Moore

Johana Moore (born 10 March 1978) is a Puerto Rican female volleyball player. She was part of the Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team at the 2002 Central American Caribbean Games, 2006 FIVB Women's World Championship, 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games, and 2009 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship.
She played for Desamparados.
Hofstetten, Bavaria

Hofstetten is a municipality in Landsberg in Bavaria in Germany. It has 1759 residents.
Daniel Wu

Daniel Wu Neh-Tsu (, born September 30, 1974) is an American actor, director, screenwriter and producer. He has been in over 60 movies. He starred in the AMC martial arts drama series Into the Badlands. Wu was born in Berkeley, California. He is known for his role as Joe Kwan in New Police Story.
Grossology (TV series)

Grossology is a Canadian animated comedy series.
Trial

A trial is where two people or two groups of people argue in a court.
Civil trial
In a civil trial, there is a plaintiff and a defendant. The plaintiff tries to prove that he or she has a reason why the defendant needs to give him or her money.
Criminal trial
In a criminal trial, there is a prosecutor and a defendant. The prosecutor works for the government and tries to prove that the defendant committed a crime. It often takes a long time to get a trial scheduled as the courts can be very busy. In the United States, Federal court can take up to 10 months to get a court date.
Judge
The judge controls the courtroom. He or she decides who speaks when, and they decide what evidence and arguments can be used. Sometimes, a jury is brought in to determine whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty. If there is no jury, the judge or judges decide whether the defendant is proven guilty or not. If the defendant is proven guilty of the crime, the judge will decide the punishment, which is also called the "sentence". If the crime is serious, the defendant may go to prison or, in some countries, be executed. For smaller crimes, there is often a fine--money that must be paid, in addition to having a criminal record.
Differences in each country
Trials are different in places where the laws are different. Different countries, cities and states all have different laws that change how trials happen. Trials in some places are very short. In some places, however, important trials can take as long as a few years while the two sides gather information and put together their arguments.
Goldendoodle

A Goldendoodle is a type of dog that is mixed breed from a poodle and a golden retriever.
Appearance
A Golden doodle is a mixed breed between a poodle and a golden retriever, so the appearances may vary. An average Golden doodle is 23 to 29 inches in height. Golden doodles come out with long muzzles, and dark, oval shaped eyes which mostly come out brown, but can rarely be blue or green. Golden doodles have a curly coat. The coat can be golden, cream, white, or even red! A Golden doodle's coat often lightens with age.
Care and Maintenance
Golden doodles are a high-maintenance breed. They will need to be professionally groomed every 8 to 12 weeks. A Golden doodle needs at least 15 to 30 minutes of exercise three times a day. When a puppy, they tend to want to play interactive games like fetch, but as they grow older, they enjoy a gentle stroll. Haircuts are necessary for Golden doodles every six weeks. This will keep the fur from tangles or matting. Make sure to take your Golden doodle out every 45-60 minutes.
Feeding
Golden doodle puppies need to be fed 4 small meals a day. When your puppy grows up to 6 months old, you can feed the golden doodle larger meals twice a day.
Training
Golden doodles are an energetic breed, so training will be much harder. To sit: Hold a treat up in the air over the Golden's head until it sits. Reward the dog with the treat. To lay down: While the dog is sitting, hold a treat in your hand and wave your free hand up and down while beckoning the dog to lay down. Reward the Golden with the treat when it lays down.
Finances
Golden doodles usually cost around $500 to $4000 depending on where you pick up the pup. Basic dry kibble costs $100-$250 per year. Premium dog kibble will cost around $200-$400 per year. For maintenance, smaller golden doodles cost less than bigger golden doodles. For grooming, you will pay around $50 to $80 every 8 weeks.
Breed
Golden doodles live around 10-15 years. This life span is inherited from the poodle and golden retriever parents. Many Golden doodles die from a heart disease called sub valvular aortic stenosis, which can be avoided by working out your dog with cardiac exercises. Golden doodles were first bred in the United States. Golden doodles were at first meant to be guide dogs, but they gained popularity and became pets.
Cesare Bovo

Cesare Bovo (born 14 January 1983) is an Italian football player. He plays for Citta di Palermo.
Lewiston (town), New York

Lewiston is a town in Niagara County, New York United States. The population was 16,262 at the 2010 census.
The Town of Lewiston is on the western border of the county. The Village of Lewiston is within the town.
North American video game crash of 1983

The North American video game crash of 1983 was a major event in the history of video games where the North American video game industry had crashed. Many makers of home computers and video game consoles went bankrupt. Many business analysts thought that the video game industry would not last, and the crash lasted for several years. However, the Japanese company Nintendo introduced the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1985, which became very popular in 1987 and ended the crash.
There were several reasons for the crash, but the main reason was that companies were making many consoles and hundreds of games, most which were low quality. The video game version of ET: The Extra Terrestrial is often blamed for the crash.
Rocky River, Ohio

Rocky River is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States.
Anatolian languages

The Anatolian languages were a branch of Indo-European languages. They are now extinct. They were spoken in Asia Minor (ancient Anatolia) in modern-day Turkey. There are three, or maybe four, known branches.
Ellendale (township), North Dakota

Ellendale Township, North Dakota is a township in Dickey County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 73 at the 2010 census.
Lianhu District

Lianhu District (, pinyin: Lianhu Qu, meaning Lotus lake District) is a district of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It is in the center, a little northwest of Xi'an. Its name is from Lianhu park. The Xi'an government is also here. The district covers . As of November 2010, 698,513 people live there.
Yamna Lobos Astorga

Yamna Carolina Lobos Astorga (born August 26, 1983 in Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean dancer and television presenter.
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 4

Britain's Next top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth season of Britain's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 14 contestants. The winner was 18-year old Alex Evans.
Edith Claire Bryce

Edith Claire Bryce (May 6, 1880 - February 28, 1960) was an American peace activist. She founded the Peace House.
Biography
Bryce was born on May 6, 1880. Her father was General Lloyd Stephens Bryce, the United States Ambassador to the Netherlands. Her mother was Edith Cooper Bryce, a Millionairess who died in 1916 leaving $ 3,000,000 to her family in her will. She married John Sergeant Cram. She founded Peace House, dedicated to the advancement of peace. She died on February 28, 1960. She was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery.
Taron Egerton

Taron David Egerton (born 10 November 1989) is a Welsh actor. His movie credits include Kingsman: The Secret Service (2014), Testament of Youth (2014), Legend (2015), Eddie the Eagle (2016), Kingsman: The Golden Circle (2017) and Rocketman (2019). For his role as Elton John in Rocketman, he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. He has also appeared in the miniseries Watership Down (2018) and in the Apple TV+ film Tetris (2023).
Egerton was born in Birkenhead, Merseyside. At a young age, he moved to Llanfairpwllgwyngyll on the Welsh island of Anglesey. He later lived in Aberystwyth from the age of 12.
25 (number)

Twenty-five is a number. It comes between twenty-four and twenty-six, and is an odd number. It is also the 5th square number, after 1, 4, 9, and 16.
Espins

Espins is a commune. It is in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Cookie cutter

A cookie cutter is a piece of equipment to cut dough from cookie dough to cut the dough into pieces to make cookies.
Shapes
Many cookie cutters have a shape. Most of them are shaped like a square, star, or a triangle. Also, cookie cutters may come in a circle shape.
Foods
Cookie cutters can also be used to make foods other than cookies.They can be used to make small sandwiches, square crackers, and others.
Sizes
Most cookie cutters are small. There are some that may be big. On November 8, 2019, it was announced Target had started selling big cookie cutters. Cookie cutters in bigger sizes can cut more things like cookie dough. Small cookie cutters are often 2 inches long. Medium-sized cookie cutters are often 3 inches long. Big-sized cookie cutters are often 4 inches long. Walmart also sells big cookie cutters. Smaller cookie cutters cost less, while bigger cookie cutters cost more.
Horten

Horten is a city on the coast of Norway. About 25,011 lived there in 2007.
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)

"Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" is a song credited to Lennon/McCartney, and released in 1967, on The Beatles' album of the same name. The song appears twice on the album: as the first song (transitioning into "With a Little Help from My Friends"), and as "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Reprise)", (which transitions into "A Day in the Life"). As the title track, the lyrics introduce the fictional band that performs in the album.
Since its original album release, the song has also been released on singles, on compilation albums, and has been performed by several other artists including Jimi Hendrix (such as at the Isle of Wight Festival 1970), U2, and a comic interpretation by Bill Cosby.
Song structure
On the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album, the song opens to the sound of a loud audience, and an orchestra tuning up, which was taken from the February 10 orchestra session for "A Day in the Life". The crowd sounds edited into the song were recorded in the early '60s by Martin, during a live recording of the stage show Beyond the Fringe. When the song itself begins, the band introduces its members. The song is in G major, with a 4/4 meter. A horn quartet was used to fill out the instrumental sections.
Reprise
"Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Reprise)" is a repeat of the song at a faster tempo with heavier instruments. While the first track stays largely in the key of G major (except for transient modulation to F and perhaps C in the bridges), the reprise starts in F and modulates back to G. The track opens with a distorted guitar strumming a "Hendrix chord" (dominant 7th sharp 9). McCartney counts 1-2-3-4, and between 2 and 3, Lennon says "bye!".
The idea for a reprise was Aspinall's, who thought that as there was a "welcome song", there should be a "goodbye song". The song contains the same melody as the opening version, but with different lyrics. At 1:18, it is one of the Beatles' shorter songs (the shortest is "Her Majesty" at 0:23). The reprise was recorded on 1 April 1967, two months after the version that opens the album. At the end of the track, Martin's pre-recorded applause sample segues into the real final track of the album, "A Day in the Life".
Bitritto

Bitritto is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Bari in the Apulia region in southern Italy.
Thelma & Louise

Thelma & Louise is a 1991 American adventure crime road movie starring Geena Davis as Thelma and Susan Sarandon as Louise. Also starring in the movie are Michael Madsen, Harvey Keitel and Brad Pitt. It was among the highest-grossing movies of 1991.
Coal River (Canterbury)

Coal River is a river in Mackenzie District, Canterbury, New Zealand. The river flows to the west from the Two Thumb Range into the northern end of Lake Tekapo.
Ashurst

Ashurst may refer to:
Places
United Kingdom
Ashurst, Hampshire
Served by Ashurst New Forest railway station
Ashurst, Kent
Served by Ashurst (Kent) railway station
Ashurst, Lancashire
Ashurst, West Sussex
Ashurst Wood, West Sussex
Other places
Ashurst, Arizona, United States
Ashhurst, a town in New Zealand
People
Henry F. Ashurst (1874-1962), U.S. Senator from Arizona (1912-1941)
Len Ashurst (born 1939), English footballer and manager
Mark Ashurst-McGee (born 1969), Mormon historian
William Ashurst (footballer) (1894-1947), English footballer
William Ashurst (Lord Mayor of London) (1647-1720), English banker, Sheriff of London, Lord Mayor of London and Member of Parliament
Bill Ashurst (born 1948), English rugby league footballer
William Henry Ashurst (judge) (1725-1807), English judge
William Henry Ashurst (solicitor) (1792-1855), English solicitor
William Ashhurst (1647-1720), English politician and banker
Other uses
Ashurst baronets, an English baronetcy
Ashurst LLP, an international law firm headquartered in London
What Am I Living For

"What Am I Living For" is a 1958 song by Chuck Willis and went to number 9 in the United States and number 1 on the R&B charts. It has been covered by numerous artists since its release.
Joakim Soria

Joakim Soria (born May 18, 1984 in Monclova, Mexico) is a Major League Baseball (MLB) relief pitcher for the Detroit Tigers. He was with the Kansas City Royals from 2007 to 2012, and was an All-Star twice for the Royals. He was nicknamed "The Mexicutioner", but in February 2011, he said that he does not want to be called that anymore because of violence in Mexico.
Major League Baseball career
Soria played in his Major League Baseball game in 2007 for the Royals. In 2008, he was selected to the MLB All Star Game for the first time. Soria earned 42 saves in the 2008 season, which was the second highest number of saves among American League pitchers.
José Luis Cuerda

Jose Luis Cuerda Martinez (18 February 1947 - 4 February 2020) was a Spanish movie director, screenwriter and producer. He was born in Albacete, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. His best known works were Butterfly's Tongue, Amanece, que no es poco and The Blind Sunflowers. He won a Goya Award in 1988.
Cuerda died at his home in Madrid on 4 February 2020 at the age of 72.
What Happened to Santiago

Lo que le Paso a Santiago (; English: "What Happened to Santiago") is a 1989 Puerto Rican drama movie directed by Jacobo Morales (who also stars) and also starring Tommy Muniz, Gladys Rodriguez, Rene Monclova, Johanna Rosaly, Roberto Vigoreaux. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1990.
Terramesnil

Terramesnil is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France. In 2018, 313 people lived there.
Iraqi dinar

The Iraqi dinar is the currency of Iraq. One dinar equals 1000 fils (fls).
China at the Olympics

The People's Republic of China (PRC) was first at the 1952 Summer Olympics. That year, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) let both the PRC and the Republic of China (which recently moved to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War) compete. The Republic of China withdrew in protest. Because of the political status of China, the PRC was not in the Olympics again until 1980.
The Chinese Olympic Committee was formed in 1910 and recognized in 1979. Before the Chinese Civil War, athletes competed as the Republic of China (ROC) at the Olympics. In 1979, the International Olympic Committee passed a resolution for the ROC team to be called Chinese Taipei, and this opened the door for the PRC to finally join the Olympic movement.
Hong Kong has had a distinct National Olympic Committee since 1950 and has been at the Games since 1952. After the territory returned to the PRC this has continued, with Hong Kong separate from the rest of the nation under the name Hong Kong, China.
The People's Republic of China hosted the Games one time: the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.
Milestones
Summer Games
As of 2012, China has a total of 473 medals in the Summer Games.
First medal : Xu Haifeng, 1984
First gold medal : Xu Haifeng, 1984
Most medals :
Li Ning, 1984 (6)
Guo Jingjing, 2000-2008 (6)
Most gold medals :
Guo Jingjing, 2004-2008 (4)
Fu Mingxia, 1992-2000 (4)
Wang Nan, 2000-2008 (4)
Li Xiaopeng, 2000-2008 (4)
Deng Yaping, 1992-1996 (4)
Zhang Yining, 2004-2008 (4)
Winter Games
As of 2012, China has a total of 44 medals in the Winter Games.
Gregory Itzin

Gregory Martin Itzin (April 20, 1948 - July 8, 2022) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Charles Logan in the action thriller series 24. He also played John Archibald Campbell in Lincoln.
Itzin died on July 8, 2022 at a hospital in London, England from problems caused by surgery at the age of 74.
Petershagen

Petershagen is a town in Minden-Lubbecke in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 25,000 people live there.
Ouillon

Ouillon is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Valery Belousov

Valery Konstantinovich Belousov (; 17 December 1948 - 16 April 2015) was a Russian professional ice hockey coach and player. He played for four teams between 1964 and 1987. At the time of his death, he was the head coach of the KHL's Traktor Chelyabinsk.
Belousov was born in Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk Oblast. He died on 16 April 2015, aged 66.
Water for Elephants (movie)

Water for Elephants is a 2011 American romantic drama movie directed by Francis Lawrence. Richard LaGravenese wrote the screenplay, which was based on Sara Gruen's 2006 novel of the same name. It stars Reese Witherspoon, Robert Pattinson, Hal Holbrook, and Christoph Waltz.
Licy-Clignon

Licy-Clignon is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Sırrı Gültekin

Sirri Gultekin (born 27 July 1924, Bakirkoy, Istanbul - died 7 February 2008, Istanbul), Turkish actor, film director, screenwriter, film producer.
Biography
Sirri Gultekin, who started his art life in Bakirkoy People's House in 1939, later entered the cadre of City Theater. After his acting career, he stepped into the cinema with the assistance of Sami Ayanoglu in 1949. Lutfi Akad, the artist was brought up by the influence, he played in a few films. Since 1954 he has been directing his own films, writing a script after 1957, and after 1963 he started producing. Up to 150 filings have been signed. Gultekin, who is a member of the Film Directors Association and presided over the Foundation of the Filmsan Foundation, has also directed series for TV.
Chart

A chart or graph is an image which summarizes data and presents it in an easy to understand way. Charts are often used to make it easier to understand the relationships of different aspects of the data. It is easier to read a chart than the raw data.
Types of charts
A bar chart uses bars to show values for different categories.
A pie chart shows percentage values as a slice of a pie.
A flow chart shows the separate steps of a process.
Bus lane

A bus lane or bus-only lane is a lane limited to buses, and are used to speed up public transport that otherwise would be held up by traffic congestion.
Some bus lanes can be used by Taxis, Motorcyclists and Cyclists at any time and some bus lanes can only be used before and after a certain time.
Crunk

Crunk is a sub-genre of hip hop music that started in the clubs of Memphis, Tennessee in the mid-1990s. The word 'crunk' is the past tense version of the word 'crank' as in "crank the music up". It can also be used as an adjective. It is a mixture of Miami bass, Southern rap, and electronica with a lot of yelling and chanting. Lil Jon is the most popular crunk artist. His song 'Get Low' with the Ying Yang Twins is the song that made crunk music mainstream. After this song came out, crunk became a really popular style of music and it saw it's heyday in the mid-2000s. It was replaced with trap music in the 2010s.
Josip Pirmajer

Josip Pirmajer (14 February 1944 - 24 June 2018) was a Slovenian footballer. He played for Yugoslavia and later became a manager. He was born in Trifail, Nazi Germany. He played for Novi Sad, Partizan and Vojvodina.
Pirmajer died on 24 June 2018 in Srbobran, Serbia from a heart attack at the age of 74.
Joint

A joint is the place where two or more bones make contact. They allow movement (except for skull bones) and give mechanical support.
Joints have cartilage in between them, which help to make the movement flexible. Joints are described structurally and functionally. Structural classification is how the bones connect to each other; function is the degree of movement between the articulating bones.
Synovial bursa
A synovial bursa is a small fluid-filled sac lined by a synovial membrane. It has an inner capillary layer of viscous synovial fluid (bit like raw egg white). The bursa is a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement.
Aílton (footballer, born 1973)

Ailton Goncalves da Silva (born 19 July 1973) is a Brazilian football player. In 2004, he was named the German Footballer of the Year.
Isabel Díaz Ayuso

Isabel Diaz Ayuso (; born 17 October 1978) is a Spanish politician. She is the President of the Community of Madrid. She is a member of the People's Party (PP).
In March 2020, Diaz Ayuso was diagnosed with COVID-19 and diarrhea during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
Anadama bread

Anadama bread is a yeast bread found in the New England region of the United States. It is made with wheat flour, cornmeal, molasses and sometimes rye.
It was created before 1850 in Rockport, Massachusetts.
Dialysis

Dialysis is where a machine is used to replace a kidney after kidney failure. The word dialysis comes from the Greek word dialusis, dia meaning through, and lusis meaning loosening.
Dialysis can be used for people who have become sick and have lost the use of their kidneys for a short time, or for people who no longer have working kidneys. The purpose of the kidney is to keep a balance of water and minerals in the body. These minerals include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and sulfate. The kidneys also take out hydrogen ions from the blood. Dialysis is able to remove these wastes from the body and help keep the minerals in balance.
However the kidneys are also part of the endocrine system and make erythropoietin and calcitriol. Dialysis machines are not able to replace this part of the kidney's function.
How dialysis works
Dialysis machines work by using diffusion and ultrafiltration. A very fine material, called a membrane, allows blood and fluid to flow through it. In the machine, the blood flows in one direction, and on the other side of the membrane, a special fluid, dialysate flows in the opposite direction, this process is known as osmosis. Dialysate is a fluid that has different chemicals in it, such as potassium and calcium. A doctor would decide what mixture of chemicals would be needed for each patient. The dialysate has bicarbonate in it to lower the higher acid levels that these patients often have. The blood and dialysate mix together. The waste products are removed from the blood and caught up in the fine membrane.
Dialysis was originally done in hospitals, and then in many countries moved to local clinics, as the number of patients increased. In 2023 more patients have a portable machine at home and have to manage the process themselves.
Dialyser
A dialyser is part of a dialysis machine. The dialyser filters blood like a kidney. It is made of a clear hollow cylinder with two inlets and two outlets. One inlet and outlet is at the upper side and downside which are for blood entrance and exit before and after purification. The other inlet and outlet are beside through which a supporter liquid goes into the dialyser.
A dialyser has very thin fibres of cellulose. The fibres work as a semi-permeable membrane (SPM). There are about 10,000 of them. Impurities such as urea keratin leave through the SPM. Blood cells cannot go through because the blood cells are bigger than the impurities. The whole process of purification is supported by a liquid called dialysate. Dialysate is sent into the dialyser by the pump in the dialysis machine. The pure liquid goes in and the impure dialysate comes out. Dialysers are also called artificial kidneys.
Anzonico

Anzonico is a former municipality of the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 1 April 2012 the former municipalities of Anzonico, Calpiogna, Campello, Cavagnago, Chironico, Mairengo and Osco merged to form the municipality of Faido.
Albireo

Albireo, also called Beta Cygni, is a binary star found in the Cygnus constellation. It consists of two stars, a red giant called Albireo Aa and a blue main sequence star named Albireo Ac. Another blue star named Albireo B could be part of the system.
Mike Espy

Alphonso Michael Espy (born November 30, 1953) is an American politician. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
From 1987 to 1993, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Mississippi. From 1993 to 1994 he was nominated to be the United States Secretary of Agriculture by President Bill Clinton. He was both the first African American and first person from the Deep South in that position.
Espy was indicted in 1997 for receiving improper gifts, but acquitted of all 30 charges in 1998.
On March 5, 2018, Epsy announced his candidacy for Thad Cochran's U.S. Senate seat in the wake of Cochran's retirement. On November 6, 2018, Espy and Republican Cindy Hyde-Smith advanced to a run-off election where he lost to Hyde-Smith.
On November 30, 2018, Epsy filed to run again Hyde-Smith again for the 2020 election. He won the Democratic nomination again in March 2020. He lost the election again to Hyde-Smith in November 2020.
Japan Academy Prize

The is a group of awards that are given every year to Japanese movies. They are also called the Japan Academy Awards and the Japanese Academy Awards. The awards are given out by the Nippon Academy sho Association. The categories of the awards are very similar to the Academy Awards. The awards have been given every year since 1978.
Lesley-Anne Down

Lesley-Anne Down (born 17 March 1954) is a British actress, former model and singer. She played Georgina Worsley in the ITV drama series Upstairs, Downstairs, Stephanie Rogers in the CBS drama series Dallas, Olivia Richards in the NBC series Sunset Beach and Jackie Marone in the CBS soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful.
Shinya Yoshihara

Shinya Yoshihara (born 19 April 1978) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.
Dangerous Lies (2020 movie)

Dangerous Lies is a 2020 American thriller movie, directed by Michael Scott from a screenplay by David Golden. It stars Camila Mendes, Jessie T. Usher, Jamie Chung, Cam Gigandet, Sasha Alexander, Elliott Gould and Radhesh Aria. It was released on April 30, 2020, by Netflix. It had negative reviews. It is set in Chicago, Illinois however it was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia.
46

46 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Asiaticus and Silanus.
Events
Dobruja is added into Roman Moesia
A census shows more than 6,000,000 Roman citizens
After the death of its king, Thracia becomes a Roman province
A drought and locusts cause a famine and a revolt at Xiongnu
Births
Plutarch, Greek historian (approximate date)
Deaths
Roimitalkes III of the Thracian Kingdom of Sapes
40s
Frank-Walter Steinmeier

Frank-Walter Steinmeier (born 5 January 1956) is a German politician. He was Foreign Secretary, Vice Chancellor of Germany and is currently the twelfth President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Steinmeier was born in Detmold in 1956. After his abitur (secondary school exam) and his military service, he studied law in Giessen. In 1982, he passed his first exam. His second exam was completed and passed in 1986. Between 1986 and 1991, he worked as assistant to the Doctor of Public Law and Political Science at the Giessen University. He obtained his Doctorate of Law in 1991.
After 1991, he worked in the State Chancellory of Lower Saxony for the Minister-President, Gerhard Schroder. From 1998, he was Undersecretary of State in Gerhard Schroder's Chancellor Office after Schroder became Chancellor of Germany. In 1999 he became Secretary of State.
In 2005, he became the new Foreign Minister of Germany in the coalition cabinet of Angela Merkel. He became Vice Chancellor of Germany in 2007. In 2008 he was elected to be the chancellor candidate of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) for the election in 2009. The SPD got their worst result ever in a German federal election (23.0%), and Steinmeier became leader of the SPD parliamentary group in the Bundestag.
From 2013 to 2017 he was again Foreign Minister.
Since 19 March 2017 he has been President of Germany, succeeding Joachim Gauck. He was re-elected in 2022 in a landslide victory.
Nelson Muntz

Nelson Mandela Muntz is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. Nelson is a school bully. Nelson always laughs at other people. He first appeared in the episode, Bart the General, in which Bart Simpson convinces everyone to fight back against Nelson. Nelson repeatedly throws Bart into a trash can. He also is seen pushing people into lockers and torments other characters especially Milhouse Van Houten and more often minor character Martin Prince by giving them wedgies. In the episode Revenge is a Dish Best Served Three Times Over, in a story called The Revenge of the Geeks, Milhouse gets revenge against all the bullies using a weapon that causes them to experience everything they did to the nerds. Lisa Simpson convinces Milhouse to put down his weapon and Nelson shows up saying "you forgot about me because I had the mumps" and then uses Milhouse's weapon against Milhouse. In the episode Dial N for Nerder, Martin Prince is seemingly killed by Bart Simpson and Lisa Simpson who then cover up what happened and Nelson tries to get to the bottom of it. It is revealed in the show that when he was a young child Nelson's father left to get a pack of cigarettes and never came back. Nelson is poor. At one point Nelson dates Lisa Simpson.
North Melbourne railway station

North Melbourne Railway Station is the gateway for all west and northwest bound train lines in Melbourne, Australia. North Melbourne Railway Station is mainly used as an interchange point. The station was converted to a premium station in 1996, and has a small kiosk and a staffed ticket office. The station is actually in West Melbourne, the station's main entrance, at its east, is at intersection of Ireland Street and Railway Place. The station also has a western exit however this leads only to the rail yards.
The number 216 and 219 buses stop nearby the station.
Redevelopment
On May 15, 2006, it was announced that the station is to be redeveloped. As part of the project, a new main entrance was created at the southern end of the station with new escalators, stairs and lifts installed for quicker access to other platforms and to help disabled passengers.
Colfax, California

Colfax (formerly, Alden Grove, Alder Grove, Illinoistown, and Upper Corral) is a city in Placer County, California. The population was 1,995 at the 2020 census.
Iron(III) nitrate

Iron(III) nitrate, also known as ferric nitrate, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Fe(NO3)3. It contains iron in its +3 oxidation state. It also contains nitrate ions.
Properties
Iron(III) nitrate is a light purple solid. It dissolves easily in water. It is an oxidizing agent. It is acidic. It absorbs water easily to make a hydrate (chemical with water molecules attached to it).
Preparation
It is made by reacting iron or iron(III) oxide with nitric acid. The reaction of iron with nitric acid makes nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide is a brown and toxic gas.
Uses
It is used to etch silver alloys. It is also used to make sodium amide. It acts as a catalyst in this reaction.
It can be mixed with clay to make an oxidant clay. This oxidant clay can be used to make organic molecules.
Safety
Iron(III) nitrate is oxidizing, so it can catch things on fire. It is also corrosive to metal and can burn skin.
Magma chamber

A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock under the surface of the Earth.
The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding rock. This produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards.
If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result may be a volcanic eruption. Many volcanoes sit over magma chambers.
These chambers are hard to detect if they are deep within the Earth. Most of those known are close to the surface.
Schopfheim

Schopfheim is a town in Lorrach in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. It is on the river Wiese, north of Rheinfelden, and east of Lorrach.
Rod Richards

Roderick Richards (12 March 1947 - 13 July 2019) was a British politician. He was a Conservative before joining UK Independence Party in 2013. He was the Conservative Member of Parliament for Clwyd North West, in Wales, from 1992 to 1997.
Richards was also the Conservative leader in the National Assembly for Wales in 1999, after being elected as an Assembly Member for North Wales. He was born in Llanelli, Wales.
Richards died on 13 July 2019 in Penarth, Wales of cancer, aged 72.
Paul Knox

Thomas Paul Patrick Knox (November 23, 1933 - August 24, 2022) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He played in one National Hockey League game for the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1954 to 1955. He won the bronze medal for Canada at the 1956 Winter Olympics.
Knox died on August 24, 2022 in Southampton, Canada at the age of 88.
Provincetown, Massachusetts

Provincetown is a New England town located on the tip of Cape Cod in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, in the United States. It is a small coastal resort town with a year-round population of just under 3,000, Provincetown has a summer population of as high as 60,000.
Alaska Natives

Alaska Natives are the indigenous peoples of Alaska. They include Inupiat, Yupik, Aleut, Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian, Eyak, and some Northern Athabaskan cultures.
Cultures
Below is a full list of the different Alaska Native cultures. Within each culture are many different tribes.
CBC News

CBC News is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation that is in charge for the news gathering and production of news programs on the corporation's English-language operations. It was founded in 1941. CBC News is the largest news broadcaster in Canada and has local, regional and national broadcasts and stations.
Liopleurodon

Liopleurodon was a large species of Pliosaur. It was an apex predator in the Upper Jurassic seas, around 160-155 million years ago. It grew up to long. It was a relative of Pliosaurus and Kronosaurus. It preyed on other marine animals such as Ophthalmosaurus.
Some fossil remains excavated from the Kimmeridge Clay formation in England indicate a much larger animal, perhaps up to long. However, these have not been put in the genus Liopleurodon.
Liopleurodon'''s nose allowed it to smell underwater. It could smell prey from some distance away. Despite needing to breath air, Liopleurodon spent its entire life at sea and was unable to leave the water. Consequently, it would have given birth to its young alive and may have visited shallower water to breed.
Oinam family

"Oinam" () () is a family name belonging to a branch of the Khuman dynasty of the Meitei ethnicity (Manipuri ethnicity). "Oinam Apokpa" ("Oinam Pokpa") is a clan ancestral deity worshipped by the people (members) of the family, following Meitei religion (Sanamahism).
Notable persons
Binoranjan Oinam: Lyrist and music composer.
Ethoi Oinam: Actress and model.
James Oinam: Indian author.
John Oinam: Indian singer.
Laibi Oinam: First woman auto driver of Manipur.
Oinam Bembem: Indian footballer.
Oinam Doren: Indian film maker and director.
Oinam Gautam: Film maker and director.
Oinam Lukhoi: Politician.
Oinam Nabakishore: Indian civil service officer and politician.
Secret Honor

Secret Honor is a 1984 American drama movie directed by Robert Altman and based on the play by Donald Freed and Arnold M. Stone. It stars Philip Baker Hall and was distributed by Cinecom Pictures.
Banská Bystrica

Banska Bystrica (German: Neusohl, Hungarian: Besztercebanya, Latin: Villa Nova), is a large town in central Slovakia, on the Hron river.
History
It was first mentioned in 1255 as a royal free mining town. The town had rich ore deposits, mainly copper, and to a lesser extent silver, gold and iron. As the deposits were depleted, the town has reoriented to the industry. During the World War II, the Slovak National Uprising broke out in the town.
Willy Van Den Bossche

Willy Van Den Bossche is an archer from Belgium. Bossche competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 22 January 1949.
Midori Honda

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Honda was born in Shizuoka on November 16, 1964. She played for her local club Shimizudaihachi SC. She won Empress's Cup for 4 years in a row (1980-1983). In 1985, she moved to Yomiuri Nippon SC Ladies Beleza. The club won Nadeshiko League for 3 years in a row (1990-1992). She was selected Best Eleven in 1990 season.
In June 1981, when Honda was 16 years old, she was selected the Japan national team for 1981 AFC Championship. At this competition, on 7 June, she debuted against Chinese Taipei. This match is Japan team first match in "International A Match". She also played at 1986, 1989, 1991 AFC Championship and 1990 Asian Games. She was also a member of Japan national team for 1991 World Cup. This competition was her last game for Japan. She played 43 games for Japan until 1991.
Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty

Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty (also known as the Pratihara Empire) was a powerful dynasty in the Late Classical Period on the Indian subcontinent. This dynasty ruled most of the Northern states of India. This dynasty ruled India for a huge period from the 7th century to the 11th century. They had Ujjain as the capital and later shifted to Kannauj.
Rulers
Nagabhata I (730-760)
Kakustha and Devaraja (760-780)
Vatsaraja (780-800)
Nagabhata II (800-833)
Ramabhadra (833-836)
Mihira Bhoja or Bhoja I (836-885)
Mahendrapala I (885-910)
Bhoja II (910-913)
Mahipala I (913-944)
Mahendrapala II (944-948)
Devapala (948-954)
Vinayakapala (954-955)
Mahipala II (955-956)
Vijayapala II (956-960)
Rajahpala (960-1018)
Trilochanapala (1018-1027)
Yasahpala (1024-1036)
History
Nagabhata I (730-756) was the first ruler of the dynasty. He extended his control east and south from Mandor. He conquered Malwa as far as Gwalior and the port of Bharuch in Gujarat.He established his capital at Avanti in Malwa. Nagabhata I was famously known for defeating the Arab army of the Ummayyad Caliphates under Junaid and Tamin. Kakushta and Devaraja are two weak rulers who succeeded Nagabhata I. Vatsaraja (775-805) was the next powerful ruler of the dynasty.
Conquest of Kannauj
Kannauj kingdom was ruled by a weak ruler, after the death of Harshavardhana. The Pratiharas, The Palas and The Rashtrakutas fought to get control over Kannauj. But Vatsaraja of Pratihara defeated the Palas and the Rashtrakutas. Around 786, Rashtrakuta ruler Dhruva (780-793) crossed the Narmada River into Malwa. From there he tried to capture Kannauj and defeated Vatsaraja.
Vatsaraja was succeeded by Nagabhata II (805-833). Nagabhata II was initially defeated by the Rashtrakuta ruler Govinda III (793-814). But later recovered Malwa from the Rashtrakutas. He conquered Kannauj and the Indo-Gangetic Plain as far as Bihar from the Palas. He rebuilt the great Shiva temple at Somnath in Gujarat. Kannauj became the center of the Gurjara-Pratihara state. At this time, the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty covered much of northern India.
Rambhadra (833-c. 836) for a short time, succeeded Nagabhata II. Mihira Bhoja (c. 836-886) expanded the Pratihara dynasty west to the border of Sindh, east to Bengal, and south to the Narmada. His son, Mahendrapala I (890-910), expanded further eastwards in Magadha, Bengal, and Assam.
Decline
Bhoja II (910-912) was the successor of Mahendrapala I . He was overthrown by Mahipala I (912-944). Many kingdoms emerged independent using the weakness of Pratiharas. The south Indian Emperor Indra III (c. 914-928) of the Rashtrakuta dynasty for a short time captured Kannauj in 916. Later again Pratihara ruler gained control over Kannauj. But the dynasty was still weakening due to the attacks of the Turks, Rashtrakutas and several other dynasties. Mahmud of Ghazni captured Kannauj in 1018, and the Pratihara ruler Rajapala fled (escaped). Somehow Rajapala was captured and killed by a Chandela Ruler named Vidhyadhara.The Chandela ruler then placed Rajapala's son Trilochanpala on the throne. Jasapala, the last Gurjara-Pratihara ruler died in 1036.
Julianne Smith

Julianne "Julie" Smith is an American foreign policy advisor and politician. She is the United States Ambassador to NATO since December 6, 2021.
Smith has written op-ed columns for The New York Times, Lawfare, Washington Monthly, Foreign Affairs, and The National Interest.
From 2009 to 2012, she was the director of European and NATO policy at the United States Department of Defense. From April 2012 to June 2013, she served as deputy national security advisor to then-Vice President Joe Biden.
In June 2021, President Biden nominated Smith to serve as the United States Ambassador to NATO. Her nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 18, 2021.
Sandusky County, Ohio

Sandusky County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2010, 58,896 people lived there. The county seat is Fremont.