kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Mary Hopkin

Mary Hopkin (born 3 May 1950) is a Welsh folk singer. She was born in Pontardawe. She was most famous in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Her first and biggest hit was "Those Were The Days" in 1968.
When The Beatles started their own record label called Apple Records, they were looking for new artists to sign up. Model Twiggy, a friend of the band, recommended her. After Hopkin signed with Apple, Beatle Paul McCartney produced many of the songs for her first album, called Post Card. Singer-songwriters Donovan and Harry Nilsson, and record producer George Martin, also gave her songs to record.
"Those Were The Days" was McCartney's choice for Hopkin's first single. He chose well, and the song became a hit worldwide. Hopkin recorded other singles, including "Goodbye", "Temma Harbour", "Knock, Knock, Who's There", and a remake of Doris Day's "Que Sera, Sera", but they were not as successful as her first record. McCartney moved on to a solo career after the Beatles disbanded, and no longer worked with her. Hopkin's second album, Earth Song/Ocean Song, was largely self-produced.
Hopkin disliked the way Apple Records had promoted her, as a kind of "squeaky-clean" schoolgirl. She left the label after two albums and a best-ofs compilation, also titled Those Were the Days. She retired from music after marrying producer Tony Visconti, but she did appear as a background singer on a few of his productions.
During the 1990s, Apple Records reissued many of their old records, including Hopkin's two original albums. She oversaw a new version of Those Were the Days, with bonus tracks and a detailed booklet.
2022 Peshawar mosque attack

On 4 March 2022, the Islamic State - Khorasan Province attacked a Shiite mosque in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The attack killed at least 63 people and injured over 190 others.
Background
During the late 20th and early 21st centuries in Pakistan, Islamist and sectarian attacks have been very common. Thousands of people have been killed. In 2004, their attacks became an insurgency. Three attacks in Peshawar have had triple-digit death tolls. They were a market bombing in 2009, a church bombing in 2013 and a school massacre in 2014. Many attacks have had double-digit death tolls, including those at Shia mosques in 2013 and 2015.
Attack
On 4 March 2022, a suicide bomber exploded at the Shiite Kucha Risaldar mosque in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The attack killed at least 61 people, including the prayer leader, and injured another 196. The next day, the Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack.
2010 US Open – Wheelchair Quad Singles

Peter Norfolk is the defending champion, but he lost in the final 6-0, 2-6, 6-3, against David Wagner.
Draw
Final
Round Robin
Standings are determined by:
Number of wins
Number of matches
Head-to-head records
Percentage of sets won, or of games won
Steering Committee decision.
Alive II

Alive II is the second live album and eighth album overall by the American hard rock/heavy metal band Kiss. It was released on November 28, 1977. The last five songs are exclusive to (only on) this album.
Greerton

Greerton is a major suburb of Tauranga. Its neighbouring suburbs are Pyes Pa to the south and Gate Pa to the north. It is named after Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Harpur Greer, commander of the British forces during the Battle of Gate Pa in 1864. There are two primary schools in the suburb.
Nonlinear system

In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system, where the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. In nature, most systems are non-linear.
Nonlinear problems are interesting to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many other scientists. In nature, most systems are nonlinear. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describe changes in variables over time. Such systems may appear chaotic, unpredictable, or counterintuitive. Linear systems are much simpler.
A nonlinear system of equations is used to mathematically describe a nonlinear system. This is set of equations in which the unknowns (or the unknown functions in the case of differential equations) appear as variables of a polynomial of degree higher than one or in the argument of a function which is not a polynomial of degree one. In other words, in a nonlinear system of equations, the equation(s) to be solved cannot be written as a linear combination of the unknown variables or functions that appear in them. Systems can be defined as nonlinear, regardless of whether known linear functions appear in the equations. In particular, a differential equation is linear if it is linear in terms of the unknown function and its derivatives, even if nonlinear in terms of the other variables appearing in it.
Nonlinear dynamical equations are difficult to solve. For this reason, they are commonly approximated using linear equations. If only limited accuracy or a range of the input values is required, this works well. The problem is that it hides interesting phenomena such as solitons, chaos, and singularities.
Although such chaotic behavior may appear random, it is in fact not random. For example, some aspects of the weather are seen to be chaotic, where simple changes in one part of the system produce complex effects throughout. This nonlinearity is one of the reasons why accurate long-term forecasts are impossible with current technology.
Charlie Hebdo shooting

On 7 January 2015, at approximately 11:30 CET (10:30 UTC), three masked gunmen armed with Kalashnikov rifles, a shotgun, and a rocket-propelled grenade launcher stormed the headquarters of the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris. They shot and killed 12 people, including Charlie Hebdo staff and two French National police officers, and wounded 11 others. In Niger churches and cars were burned in protest of Muhammed on the cover of Charlie Hebdo.
The gunmen entered the building and began shooting with automatic weapons, while shouting "Allahu Akbar". Up to 50 shots were fired during the attack. Following a massive manhunt, the French police believe they have located the attackers and are mounting an operation against them. On Twitter people used the hashtag #JeSuisCharlie to show support for freedom of speech after the shooting. It is similiar to Monkseaton Shooting.
Background
Charlie Hebdo is an antireligious left-wing newspaper. In 2011 the newspaper's office was firebombed because the cover of an issue of the newspaper called "Charia Hebdo" had a cartoon of Prophet Muhammad on it. The newspaper's editor-in-chief Stephane "Charb" Charbonnier was added to Al-Qaeda's most wanted list in 2013.
Victims
Killed
Cabu, 76, cartoonist
Elsa Cayat, 54, psychoanalyst and columnist
Charb, 47, caricaturist and journalist
Philippe Honore, 73, cartoonist
Bernard Maris, 68, economist and journalist
Tignous, 57, cartoonist
Georges Wolinski, 80, cartoonist
Suspects
Said Kouachi and Cherif Kouachi were identified by French police as the main suspects in the shooting. The two Franco-Algerian brothers, both from Gennevilliers, are aged 34 and 32, respectively. In 2008, Cherif Kouachi was convicted of terrorism charges and sentenced to three years in prison, along with 18 months of suspension, for having assisted in sending fighters to Iraq's insurgency.
Hamyd Mourad, an 18-year-old homeless man of unknown nationality, was identified by the police as a third suspect in the shooting.
Hido

was a Japanese professional wrestler, better known under the ring name or simply . He was best known for his career with Big Japan Pro Wrestling (BJW), Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South (IWA-MS), Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) and Wrestling International New Generations (W*ING).
Hido died on October 17, 2021 at the age of 51.
Randy Schekman

Randy Wayne Schekman (born December 30, 1948) is an American cell biologist. He works at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the editor-in-chief of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology.
He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1992. He won the 2013 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with James Rothman and Thomas C. Sudhof for their work on cell membrane vesicle trafficking.
Gower

Gower is a peninsula in Wales. It is near Swansea. It has many scenic sights like caves.
Christian theology

Christian theology is the study of Christian belief. Christian theologians use analysis and argument to understand, explain, test, critique, defend, or promote Christianity.
Christian theology starts with the New Testament. Saint Paul, in his letters, and his speeches (Acts of the Apostles), draws upon his training as a rabbi and on his experience of Christ. He started outside Damascus to explain to Jews and Gentiles the meaning of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. In the History of Christianity, later writers such as Luther and John Calvin have stressed the Bible as the basis of theology. The bible as a source is not without controversy. Catholic and Orthodox theologians have also stressed the importance of Church tradition for the faith. Thomas Aquinas and Saint Augustine are among the most important writers within the Roman Catholic Church.
Differences in theology have led to the many denominations within Christianity. This started with the separation of Jesus' followers from Judaism. Later came the Great Schism and the Reformation. After Luther's quarrel with the Pope, Reformed churches like the Lutherans and Baptists are established. Calvinism is very important within Protestantism, although the followers of Jacob Arminius do not accept it. Attempts at compromise in England between the Catholics and Puritans lead to the establishment of the Church of England.
Later movements include Methodism, Liberal Christianity, Pentecostalism, and Liberation theology.
Christian creeds
Many important ideas in Christian theology are summarized in statements called creeds. These were usually written by councils of Christians as a statement of their most central beliefs. Most major Christian churches agree with the Nicene Creed.
The question of evidence
Most scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed. There is no indication that writers in antiquity who opposed Christianity questioned the existence of Jesus.
However, there is no physical or archeological evidence for Jesus, and all the sources we have are documentary. The sources for the historical Jesus are mainly Christian writings, such as the gospels and the letters of the apostles. All sources that mention Jesus were written after his death. The New Testament represents sources from the wide variety of writings in the first centuries AD that are related to Jesus. The authenticity and reliability of these sources have been questioned by many scholars, and few events mentioned in the gospels are universally accepted.
Strauss' Life of Jesus was the book which raised all these issues to the surface. In its 451 pages Strauss argued that:
The Old Testament was Jewish mythology, for which there was no adequate evidence at all.
Miracles in the New Testament were mythical additions, not factual.
None of the New Testament was written at the time of the events.
The Church as it was in the 19th century had little connection with Jesus.
Stanton, Texas

Stanton is a city in and the county seat of Martin County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,492 at the 2010 census.
Spirochaete

Spirochaetes (or Spirochetes) are the phylum Spirochaetae. These are double-membrane bacteria with long, helically coiled (spiral-shaped) cells.
Spirochaetes are bacteria. They have flagella, which run lengthwise between the cell wall and outer membrane. The flagella cause a twisting motion which moves the spirochaete about.
Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are many parasitic species.
Classification
The spirochaetes are divided into three families (Brachyspiraceae, Leptospiraceae, and Spirochaetaceae). They are all put in a single order, the Spirochaetales. Disease-causing members of this phylum include:
Leptospira species, some of which which cause leptospirosis
Borrelia species, some of which cause Lyme disease
Borrelia recurrentis, which causes relapsing fever.
Treponema pallidum subspecies which cause syphilis and yaws.
Brachyspira species, which cause intestinal spirochaetosis.
Zarina (artist)

Zarina Hashmi (16 July 1937 - 25 April 2020), known professionally as Zarina, was an Indian-American artist and printmaker. She worked in New York City. Her work focused in drawing, printmaking, and sculpture. Her works were involved with the Minimalist movement. She was born in Aligarh, United Provinces, British Raj. Zarina was a board member of the New York Feminist Art Institute.
Zarina died in London from problems of Alzheimer's disease on 25 April 2020, aged 83.
Acquiesce

"Acquiesce" is a song that appeared on the B-side to Oasis' first UK #1 single, "Some Might Say". The song was released on 24 April 1995.
The song was included on the B-sides compilation album The Masterplan which was released in 1998, after it was voted for inclusion by fans of the band on their official website. The song was also released as one of the lead tracks to Oasis' Stop the Clocks EP, in promotion of their compilation album, Stop the Clocks.
The verses to "Acquiesce" are sung by Liam Gallagher and the chorus is sung by Noel (because, he claimed that Liam could not reach the high notes), making it the first song to ever feature both Gallagher brothers on lead vocals. The only other Oasis songs to feature both of them on lead vocals are "Put Yer Money Where Yer Mouth Is", from their 2000 album Standing on the Shoulder of Giants, "Born on a Different Cloud", from their 2002 album Heathen Chemistry, and "Let There Be Love", from their 2005 album Don't Believe the Truth.
Yemen at the Olympics

Yemen has been in every Summer Olympic Games since 1984. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games. Before 1990, North Yemen and South Yemen competed separately. North Yemen was in the 1984 and 1988 Summer Games. South Yemen was at the 1988 Summer Games only. Yemen has never won an Olympic medal.
The Yemen Olympic Committee was formed in 1971 and recognized by the IOC in 1981.
Jill Johnson

Jill Johnson (born 24 May 1973, Angelholm, Sweden) is a country singer from Sweden. She participated for Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1998 with the song "Karleken ar", finishing 10th. She had a major hit in Sweden in 2003 with the Melodifestivalen song "Crazy in Love".
Several of her albums have chartered at Sverigetopplistan.
Condenser (apparatus)

A condenser is a device used in the laboratory to cool hot gases into liquids. It is usually a long, circular glass tube. Inside the tube there is another, smaller tube. The hot gas goes through the smaller, inside tube, while in the outside one cold water goes around. Water can be put in from the tap, and goes from the bottom to exit at the top. This makes sure the tube is always full of water, so that cooling is quick.
A condenser is used for example in distillation, where the hot vapour needs to be cooled down back to liquid to be collected. It is also used in reflux where it makes sure that the solvent used does not boil and go away.
Santa Fe de Antioquia

Santa Fe de Antioquia is a municipality in the Antioquia Department of Colombia. The city is located about 50 miles north of Medellin, the department capital. It has a population of about 23,000 residents.
History
It was founded by the name Villa de Santafe in 1541 by Jorge Robledo on the western bank of the Cauca River. It received the coat of arms and the title of City of Antioquia from King Philip II of Spain in 1545. It was promoted to the status of parish in 1547 by the bishop of Popayan. It changed its name in 1584 when it became the capital of Antioquia. It was a mining town from its beginnings and the gold mining operation has been the base of its economy.
Its cathedral was constructed in 1799 and elevated to Diocese of Antioquia in 1804 by Pope Pius VII. In 1813 Antioquia was declared a sovereign and independent state with Santa Fe as its capital, a status it maintained until 1826, when Medellin was chosen as the new departmental seat. Due to the state of conservation of its colonial architecture, it was declared a national monument in 1960.
Geography
The municipal area has a mountainous territory within the Central Cordillera of the Andes and watered by the rivers Cauca and Tonusco. Its area is 493 km2.
Economy
The economy of Santa Fe de Antioquia is based on agriculture. The main products made are coffee, maize and beans.
Tourism
Tourism was, and continues to be one of the more important economic enterprises for the municipality. The opening of the Tunnel of the West (which shortens the time and the distance between the locality and Medellin) in 2006 has allowed hundreds of tourists to come each weekend, stimulating the vocation of the vicinity as a summer vacation site.
Sites of Interest
All of the town is a historical site; the architecture that has survived through the years gives Santa Fe de Antioquia the aspect of a city "suspended" in the colonial era, which is the reason the city was declared a National monument.
Deptford Bridge DLR station

Deptford Bridge is a light metro station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) Bank-Lewisham Line. It is in Deptford, south-east London. The station is elevated above both local roads and Deptford Creek. It is next to Lewisham College and Deptford market. The station is between Greenwich and Elverson Road stations. It is on the boundary of Travelcard Zone 2 and 3.
Bizen Province

was an old province of Japan in the area of Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu. Along with Bitchu and Bingo Provinces, it was sometimes called .
The province had borders with Mimasaka, Harima, and Bitchu Provinces.
The ancient capital city of the province was near Okayama.
History
In 713 (Wado era 6, 3rd month), the land of Bizen-no kuni was separated from Mimasaka Province (Mei Zuo Guo ).
In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Bizen Province were reformed in the 1870s.
Shrines and Temples
Kitbitsuhiko jinja was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Bizen.
Kira Kazantsev

Kira Kazantsev (b. July 20, 1991) is an American beauty pageant winner. She was crowned Miss America on September 14, 2014. Before that, she was Miss New York 2014. She works against domestic violence and abuse. "She's trilingual! Kazantsev -- a daughter of Russian immigrants -- speaks Russian and Spanish in addition to English."
Kazantsev was born in San Francisco, California.
Monsieur Beaucaire (1946 movie)

Monsieur Beaucaire is a 1946 American comedy movie directed by George Marshall and is the second version of the 1900 novel of the same name by Booth Tarkington. It stars Bob Hope, Joan Caulfield, Patric Knowles, Marjorie Reynolds, Cecil Kellaway, Reginald Owen, Hillary Brooke, Constance Collier and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Ronald Evans

Ronald or Ron Evans may mean:
Ronald Evans (astronaut) (1933-1990), American naval officer and astronaut
Ronald Evans (rugby league) (1933-2010), English rugby league footballer
Ronald M. Evans (born 1949), American professor and biologist
Ron Evans (1939-2007), Australian rules footballer and executive
Ron J. Evans (1926-2004), Australian rules footballer
Ron Evans (politician) (born 1957), clergyman and politician in Manitoba, Canada
Ron Evans (cricketer) (1922-1993), English cricketer
Tiruvannamalai district

Tiruvannamalai district is one of the 32 districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The town of Tiruvannamalai is the headquarters of the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,464,875 with 994 females for every 1,000 males.
History
Tiruvannamalai district is one of the sacred area in Tamil Nadu. The name of the district comes from its headquarters. The word "annamalai" in Tiruvannamalai means "the inaccessible mountain" and "Tiru" is a respectful title given. The temple town of Tiruvannamalai is one of the most ancient heritage sites of India and is a centre of the Saiva religion. The Deepam festival celebrated here attracts devotees from far and wide throughout South India. After independence Tiruvannamalai was under North Arcot District. The civil district of North Arcot was divided into Vellore District and Tiruvannamalai District in October 1989.
Cowpox

Cowpox is a disease. This disease affects the skin. It is caused by a virus (Cowpox virus) that is related to the Vaccinia virus. People (or animals) who have the disease have red blisters. The disease can be spread by touch from cows to humans. The virus that causes cowpox was used to perform the first successful vaccination against another disease. The disease vaccinated against was the deadly smallpox. Smallpox is caused by the related variola virus. Therefore, the word "vaccination" has the Latin root vaca meaning cow.
In 1798, the English physician Edward Jenner made a curious observation. Jenner lived in the countryside, not in the city.
Some of his patients had gotten cowpox, and recovered from it. He observed that those patients did not get the disease again, they seemed to be immune against it. What was more, they also seemed to be immune against smallpox. Smallpox was a deadly disease then, that killed most of the people it infected. So he used the fluid he got from cowpox lesions, and scratched it into healthy people. That way, he could make those people immune against smallpox.
The Cowpox (Catpox) virus is found in Europe and mainly in the UK. Human cases are very rare and most often contracted from domestic cats. The virus is not commonly found in cows; the reservoir hosts for the virus are woodland rodents particularly voles. It is from these rodents that domestic cats get the virus. Symptoms in cats include lesions on the face, neck, forelimbs, and paws, and less commonly upper respiratory tract infection. Symptoms of infection with cowpox virus in humans are localized, pustular lesions generally found on the hands and limited to the site of introduction. The incubation period (the time between an infection and the first signs of the disease) is 9-10 days. The virus can be found mostly in late summer and autumn.
Historical use
Cowpox was the original vaccine of sorts for smallpox. After infection with the disease, the body (usually) gains the ability recognise the similar smallpox virus from its antigens and so is able to fight the smallpox disease much more efficiently.
Later, and still today, another vaccine was used: vaccinia. Vaccinia is similar to cowpox, but not the same.
Burgkirchen an der Alz

Burgkirchen an der Alz (Bavarian: Buagkiacha a da Oiz) is a municipality in Altotting, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
Henryk Vogelfanger

Henryk Vogelfanger (4 October 1904 - 6 October 1990), was a Polish actor. He worked and lived in Lviv until World War Two when he joined Polish underground army, Armia Krajowa. Together with the legendary actor, radio personality Kazimierz Wajda, he was a star of the radio and theater comedy show Szczepko and Tonko. This was widely popular in Poland and other countries with over six million regular listeners, 1932-1939. The show ended when World War Two started. The team made three family movies, adventures of Szczepko & Tomko.
Gers

Gers (Gascon: Gers) is a department in the Occitanie region in the southwest of France named after the Gers river.
History
Gers is one of the 83 French departments made during the French revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the old provinces of Guyenne and Gascony.
The new department had six districts: Auch, Lectoure, Condom, Nogaro, L'Isle-Jourdain and Mirande. The capital (now prefecture) was Auch.
in 1808, part of the Gers department was transferred to the new Tarn-et-Garonne department'.
Geography
Gers is known for its hilly landscape and bastide villages. The Pyrenees are visible to the south.
Gers is part of the Occitanie region, and is the 34th French department in area with .
The department is surrounded by six departments in two regions:
Nouvelle-Aquitaine region
Lot-et-Garonne (north)
Pyrenees-Atlantiques (southwest)
Landes (west)
Occitanie region
Tarn-et-Garonne (northeast)
Haute-Garonne (east)
Hautes-Pyrenees (south)
The main rivers of the department are the Garonne and the Gers, a left tributary of the Garonne. Other rivers are Save, Gimone, Arrats, Baise and Osse.
The highest point in the department is Mont de Chapelle Saint Roch (), in west central Pyrenees near the border with the Hautes-Pyrenees department, with an altitude of .
Climate
The climate of Gers is an oceanic climate with template summers, Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate) in the Koppen climate classification.
The annual rainfall in the department varies from over in the southwest of the department, to less than in the northeast (Auch, Condom and Lectoure).
Summers are very hot and dry, the temperatures often exceed . Winters vary, often with frost, but the climate remains mild and dry.
Administration
The department is managed by the Departamental Council of the Gers in Auch. Gers is part of the region of Occitanie.
Administrative divisions
There are 3 arrondissements (districts), 17 cantons and 462 communes (municipalities) in Gers.
The following is a list of the 17 cantons of the Gers department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Adour-Gersoise (3201)
Armagnac-Tenareze (3202)
Astarac-Gimone (3203)
Auch-1 (3204)
Auch-2 (3205)
Auch-3 (3206)
Baise-Armagnac (3207)
Fezensac (3208)
Fleurance-Lomagne (3209)
Gascogne-Auscitaine (3210)
Gimone-Arrats (3211)
Grand-Bas-Armagnac (3212)
L'Isle-Jourdain (3213)
Lectoure-Lomagne (3214)
Mirande-Astarac (3215)
Pardiac-Riviere-Basse (3216)
Val de Save (3217)
Demographics
The inhabitants of Gers are known, in French, as Gersois (women: Gersoises).
Gers has a population, in 2014, of 190,625, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Auch, with 87,118 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other two, Condom and Mirande, have respectively 65,562 and 37,945 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Gers
The 10 most important cities in the department are:
Economy
The economy in Gers revolves primarily around agriculture and culinary tourism. The department is a producer of maize, wheat, rapeseed, sunflower.
Annoying Orange

Annoying Orange is a live action/animated comedy web series created by Dane Boedigheimer. The main character is an orange who annoys other fruits. The episodes are uploaded to the YouTube channel realannoyingorange weekly. As of 2022 there were over 700 videos. The channel had over 11 million subscribers.
Television series
In 2012, Cartoon Network made a 2012-2014 television series, The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange, based on the YouTube series.
Students for a Free Tibet

Students For a Free Tibet (SFT) is an American non-profit international group of students and activists working with the Tibetan people for human rights and freedom. It was started in 1994. The group educates people and uses non-violent methods of action for making Tibet independent. SFT tries to influence public policy decisions within government institutions. It recommends self-determination for Tibet because of Tibet's historical status. It opposes the Chinese government's violation of the Tibetan people's human rights, cultural heritage, environment, language and religion.
Ocean pollution

Ocean pollution is pollution in the sea. It is a form of water pollution. "Ocean pollution" and "marine pollution" mean the same thing.
Sources of ocean pollution
Marine pollution occurs when harmful effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.
Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains.
When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.
Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.
Every time we wash a car or use fertilizer on our lawns we are polluting the ocean. People often think that water pollution comes from big factories, but most of the pollution comes from everyday people doing everyday things. This kind of pollution is called nonpoint-source pollution because we cannot point out where it came from directly. All waste water, in time, enters a body of water (usually a stream). Every stream leads to a river, and every river leads to an ocean.
Oil spills
Because so many people use oil, large ships must take billions of barrels of it across the oceans. If it is not handled carefully, these trips can be very bad. In 1989, the United States experienced a large oil spill in Prince William Sound, a waterway on the Alaskan coast. The Exxon Valdez, a very big ship, hit a reef and spilled more than 260,000 barrels of oil. The results were very bad. A great number of animals were covered in oil and began dying immediately. Animals that ate these oil-filled animals also died. Many Alaskans who lived by fishing these animals lost their businesses. Even though many animals were saved, and the Exxon Oil Company spent 2.5 billion dollars trying to clean up the oil, Alaska's wildlife still suffers.
Druten

Druten is a municipality found in the Dutch province of Gelderland. In 2019, 18,797 people lived there.
Tasmanian oak

Tasmanian oak (or Australian oak) is hardwood timber made from some types of Eucalyptus trees in Tasmania. The trees for making Tasmanian oak are Eucalyptus regnans, Eucalyptus obliqua or Eucalyptus delegatensis. It is a light-coloured type of wood. It is used for building, furniture and paper.
Wood from the same species of trees in Victoria is called Victorian ash.
Mazatlán

Mazatlan () is a city in the Mexican state of Sinaloa; the surrounding municipio (municipality) for which the city serves as the municipal capital is also called Mazatlan. It is located at on the Pacific coast, just across from the southernmost tip of the Baja California peninsula.
Mazatlan is a Nahuatl word meaning "place of the deer." The city was started in 1531. By the mid-1800s a large group of immigrants had arrived from Germany. These new citizens made Mazatlan into a successful commercial seaport, importing equipment for the nearby gold and silver mines. It served as the capital of Sinaloa from 1859 to 1873. They also influenced the music, banda, which is an form of Bavarian folk music, and also started the Pacifico Brewery on March 14, 1900.
Mazatlan, with a population of 352,471 (city) and 403,888 (municipality) as of the 2005 census, is the second-largest city in the state (after Culiacan) and Mexico's largest commercial port. It is also a popular tourist destination, with its beaches lined with resort hotels. A car ferry across the Gulf of California from Mazatlan to La Paz, Baja California Sur exists. The municipality has a land area of 3,068.48 km2 (1,184.75 sq mi) and includes smaller communities such as Villa Union, La Noria, El Quelite, El Habal and many other small villages.
Mazatlan is served by Gral. Rafael Buelna International Airport.
Douglas A-4 Skyhawk

The Douglas A-4 Skyhawk is an American military jet aircraft. Its first flight was in 1954. It was first used by the US Navy in 1956. The Skyhawk was one of the main attack aircraft of the Vietnam War.
Many foreign countries used it, such as Argentina, Israel, Kuwait, and Singapore. The Argentina Air Force used theirs in the Falklands War for attacks against British forces.
Elisa Mainardi

Elisa Mainardi (27 July 1930 - 8 May 2016) was an Italian stage, movie and television actress. She was born in Rome. She was known for her roles in Fellini Satyricon, Roma, and And the Ship Sails On. Mainardi was also known for being in movies directed by Federico Fellini.
Mainardi died in Rome, Italy on 8 May 2016, aged 85.
Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine is a chemical in human nerves that carries information from the sense of touch, sense of smell, etc. This chemical is produced inside the brain in the pituitary gland.
Bridgwater

Bridgwater is a town in the county of Somerset. It is in the District of Sedgemoor.
Zinc sulfide

Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnS. It contains zinc and sulfide ions.
Properties
Zinc sulfide is white when pure. It does not dissolve in water. It can burn at a high temperature to make sulfur dioxide and zinc oxide. It reacts with strong acids to make hydrogen sulfide.
Preparation
Zinc sulfide can be made by igniting a mixture of powdered zinc and sulfur. Another way of making it is to react hydrogen sulfide with a zinc compound.
Uses
Zinc sulfide is used to convert ultraviolet light to visible light. It can be doped with copper to make it glow in the dark.
Wealth inequality in the United States

Wealth inequality in the United States, also known as the wealth gap, refers to the unequal distribution of assets among residents of the United States. Wealth inequality in the U.S. is worse than in most developed countries other than Switzerland and Denmark.
Opfenbach

Opfenbach is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany.
ABC Signature

Bold textFor other uses of the name "ABC Studios", see ABC Studios
ABC Studios is an American television production studio under the Disney Television Studios unit of Walt Disney Television that was named in 2020 (both ultimately owned by The Walt Disney Company). The studio is the production arm of the ABC television network, and originally started in 1950 as the television unit of Walt Disney Productions, later Walt Disney Television in 1985, and launched a subsidiary, the first incarnation of Touchstone Television, established in 1985 (later to be merged into ABC in 1999, and merged Walt Disney Network Television into Touchstone Television) and renamed ABC Studios in 2007. it has a Signature unit, ABC Signature Studios, which was formed in 2013. it is not to be confused with the unit of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation with the same name.
Chicane (musician)

Chicane is the stage name of English musician and record producer Nick Bracegirdle. He was born on 28 February, 1971, in Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire.
Chicane is known for the singles "Offshore", an Ibiza dance anthem included in thousands of compilations in both chill-out and dance versions; "Saltwater", which featured vocals by Clannad member Maire Brennan and is one of the most well-known and popular singles of the trance genre; and the UK number-one hit "Don't Give Up", featuring vocals by Bryan Adams, and also a top ten hit on singles charts across Europe.
Adolfo Lugo Verduzco

Adolfo Lugo Verduzco (24 March 1933 - 21 January 2022) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Lugo Verduzco was born in Hidalgo, Mexico. He was a Senator for Hidalgo between 1982 until 1987. He was also Governor of Hidalgo between 1987 until 1993.
Lugo Verduzco died on 21 January 2022 in Pachuca, Mexico at the age of 88.
Somerville, Texas

Somerville is a city in Burleson County, Texas, United States.
Nonantola

Nonantola is an Italian city in Emilia-Romagna. About 15,000 people live there.
Nonantola Abbey a Benedictine monastery, was founded in 752 by the Lombard duke of Friuli, St. Anselm.
Álvaro Teherán

Alvaro Teheran (January 6, 1966 - May 4, 2020) was a Colombian basketball player. He was born in the town of Maria La Baja, Colombia. He was selected as the 44th overall pick in the 1991 NBA Draft by the Philadelphia 76ers. Teheran played college basketball at Houston Baptist from 1987 to 1989 and Houston from 1989 to 1991.
In December 2019, Teheran was hospitalized for renal failure in Cartagena, Colombia. He died on May 4, 2020 at the age of 54.
Christmas cake

A Christmas cake is a heavy cake containing much dried fruit and usually having a covering of icing. It is made to be eaten at Christmas. It can also be called a fruitcake.
A common favorite of many is the traditional Scottish Christmas cake, the "Whisky Dundee." It was named this because the cake came from Dundee and is made with Scotch whisky. It is a light and crumbly cake, and light on fruit and candied peel--only currants, raisins, sultanas and cherries. This Christmas cake is mostly good for people who do not like very sweet and moist cakes. As with all fruitcakes, almonds (or other nuts) can be removed by people who do not like them or those with bad nut allergies.
At the other end of the Christmas cake tradition, the apple cream Christmas cake is a sweet mix of sliced apples, raisins and other fruit, with eggs, cream cheese, and heavy whipping cream.
In the middle of the other two listed above is the mincemeat Christmas cake. It is simply any traditional or vegetarian mincemeat mixed with flour, eggs, and other pastry ingredients, to transform it into a cake batter; or it can also be steamed as a Christmas pudding.
A premade fruitcake mix can be bought at a grocery store.
Maharishi Vedic City, Iowa

Maharishi Vedic City (MVC) is a city in the state of Iowa, United States.
Catherine Spence

Catherine Helen Spence (31 October 1825 - 3 April 1910) was a Scottish-Australian journalist and author in Australia. She fought for the rights of poor people, orphans, criminals, women, and children. She devoted most of her life to making change in South Australia. She strongly believed that women should be allowed to vote. Spence believed that everyone should get a good education. She was the first Australian woman to try to join the government.
She was lovingly called "the Grand Old Woman of Australia". In Scotland a plaque was made at her birthplace in 1999 (89 years after she died). She died in Adelaide, South Australia.
Early life
Catherine Helen Spence was born in 1825 in Melrose, Scotland. She moved to South Australia with her family in 1839. She went to a small private school and got a good education. Spence started working as a private teacher when she was 17 years old. She became good at giving public speeches and preaching.
Activism
Catherine Helen Spence was an activist for many humans' rights. She made many public speeches on the subjects she thought were important. She wrote several books. She did not sign with her own name on the first few books she wrote. Her first book was about Australia. It was the first book about Australia created by a woman. She created a program that helped the poor and children without families. Spence was important to an organization that supported women's right to vote. South Australia (the place she lived) became the first place to let women vote.
Spence wrote about wanting equality in the government and fairness towards women. She wanted women to be paid as much as men. She also wanted the environments that women worked in to be safe and healthy. Most people were not ready to accept her ideas in South Australia.
Gbangbatoke

Gbangbatoke is a small town in southern Sierra Leone. It is in the Moyamba District. The people of Gbangbatoke are mainly from the Mende ethnic group. The Mende language is the main language.
Two of Sierra Leone's important politicians, Sir Milton Margai and Sir Albert Margai were born in Gbangbatoke.
Mount Monadnock

Mount Monadnock, or Grand Monadnock, is a mountain in the New England state of New Hampshire. Authors such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau wrote about the mountain, so it is well-known. It is the highest mountain between the White Mountains of New Hampshire and the Massachusetts Berkshires. It is the highest point in Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Monadnock is one of the most popular mountains to climb in the world.
At , Mount Monadnock is nearly 1,000 feet (300 m) higher than any mountain within . It is 2,000 feet (600 m) above the nearby land. Mount Monadnock is in the towns of Jaffrey and Dublin, New Hampshire.
The term "monadnock" is used by American geologists to describe any single mountain formed when erosion removes softer rock and leaves harder rock behind. This is called an inselberg in other parts of the world.
Monadnock's bare, isolated, and rocky summit gives people wide, clear views. The mountain is clear mostly because of fires set by early settlers. The first major fire in 1800 cleared trees the lower parts of the mountain to make pasture for animals. More fires and hurricane damaged the forest more. Between 1810 and 1820, local farmers thought that wolves were living in the forest and set the mountain on fire again. The fire burned hot and powerfully for weeks. It destroyed the topsoil and removed trees and plants mountain above .
Name
The word "monadnock" comes from the Abenaki language. It means something like "mountain that stands alone."
Trails
Mount Monadnock has many miles of clearly marked hiking trails. Two trails are most popular. The White Dot Trail, is the shortest but steepest way to the top. It starts from the Monadnock State Park headquarters and campground on the southeast side of the mountain. The White Arrow Trail, is the easier way to the top. There are also several other trails. The Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests prints a complete guidebook with maps, trail descriptions, history, geology, ecology, and other information about the mountain.
Hiking the mountain
125,000 hikers climb Monadnock each year. The four hour round trip to the top and back on one of the shorter trails may be challenging for the average hiker. Special skills or equipment are not needed from late spring to early fall. Climbing during winter and early spring requires special equipment, clothing, and preparation. Weather on the top of the mountain is often colder and wind is often much stronger than below. Climbers should be careful climbing at any time of year, but it can be especially dangerous from late fall to early spring.
Conservation
Most of the mountain is protected and new buildings or roads are not allowed. The Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests owns most of the mountain area. Its Monadnock Reservation is over . The state and the town of Jaffrey also own portions of the mountain.
Hillsboro, Iowa

Hillsboro is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Daisuke Tanaka

Daisuke Tanaka (born 6 January 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for MIO Biwako Kusatsu.
Solomonia Saburova

Saint Solomonia Yuryevna Saburova (c. 1490 - 18 December 1542) was the first wife of Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy. She was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Sofia of Suzdal.
Hulk (movie)

Hulk is a 2003 American superhero movie directed by Ang Lee. It was based on the Marvel character Hulk by Stan Lee. Hulk's main actors are Eric Bana, Jennifer Connelly, Sam Elliott, and Nick Nolte.
Plot
In the 1960s, David Banner wanted to create super soldiers but General Ross denied him permission. David decided to test on himself. He later had a son named Bruce.
White Christmas (song)

"White Christmas" is a popular song about an old-fashioned Christmas setting. It mixes sadness and comforts of home. The version sung by Bing Crosby is said to be the world's best-selling single.
The song has been covered and performed by artists including Jo Stafford, Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald and Bette Midler. It has sold over 150 million copies.
The original version was released in 1942.
Irving Berlin's opening verse is often dropped in many recordings. However, the opening verse is included on Barbra Streisand, Darlene Love and The Carpenters' Christmas studio albums.
McCone County, Montana

McCone County is a county found in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 1,734 people. Its county seat is Circle. The county was created in 1919 and named for State Senator George McCone.
Francières, Somme

Francieres is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
FC Utrecht

FC Utrecht is a football club which plays in the Netherlands.
It was a merger of three clubs from the city of Utrecht: Door Oefening Sterk, USV Elinkwijk and Velox in 1970.
Treasure Coast

Treasure Coast is a region in the US state of Florida. It is found on the state's Atlantic coast. The name "Treasure Coast" refers to the Spanish Treasure Fleet lost in a 1715 hurricane.
Heinz Zemanek

Heinz Zemanek (January 1, 1920 - July 16, 2014) was an Austrian computer scientist. Zemanek developed the first complete transistorised computer in Europe.
Basin tree frog

The basin tree frog or rocket tree frog (Boana lanciformis) is a frog that lives in the Amazon Basin. Scientists have seen it in Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, and Colombia.
Leonel Mário d'Alva

Leonel Mario d'Alva (born 1935) is a Sao Tomean politician. He was Prime Minister of Sao Tome and Principe from 21 December 1974 until 12 July 1975, when the country gained independence from Portugal.
María Eugenia Vidal

Maria Eugenia Vidal (Born, September 8, 1973) is an Argentine politician and political scientist. She belongs to the Republican Proposal (PRO) party. She held the position of Deputy Head of Government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires during the second term of Mauricio Macri. Between December 10, 2015 and December 10, 2019, she was governor of the Buenos Aires Province being the first woman in the office.
The Spanish newspaper El Pais named her "the Argentine Thatcher" after Vidal's intense confrontations with Peronist unionists during her mandate.
Early life
Vidal was born in Buenos Aires. She was raised in the Flores ward. She was enrolled in the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina. She earned a degree in political science from there.
Family
She met Ramiro Tagliaferro, a classmate at the university, and they married in 1998; the couple has a son and two daughters.
Works
In 2002 he met Mauricio Macri and Grupo Sophia. Then she began to work together with them. The next year she became director of the Commission for Women, Children, Adolescents and Youth of the Legislature of the City of Buenos Aires.
She also coordinated investigations and fieldwork and carried out the monitoring and evaluation of the City's social programs. In 2005 she ranked fifth on the Republican Proposal (PRO) list for the Chamber of Deputies of the province of Buenos Aires, but was not chosen.
Carpool

Carpooling is sharing a car with other passengers to help share the cost of operating the car. Besides being cheaper than driving many cars at the same time, it also reduces traffic congestion. There are many companies that provide carpooling services such as Ola, MyCotra, Quickride, and Uber.
Mordechai Bibi

Mordechai Bibi (, 1 July 1922 - 5 February 2023) was an Israeli politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Knesset for Ahdut HaAvoda between 1959 and 1974. He was born in Baghdad, Iraq.
14th century

The 14th century was the century from 1301 to 1400.
Decades and years
Note: years before or after the 14th century are in italics.
Pissy

Pissy is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.