kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Heydar Aliyev Foundation

The Heydar Aliyev Foundation () is a non-profit organization headed by Azerbaijan's First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva. The foundation is named in honor of Azerbaijan's former leader, President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev (1923-2003), who was the father of Aliyeva's husband, the current President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev. The headquarters of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation is located in the Azerbaijani capital city Baku.
History and aim
The foundation was created in 2004, to protect the president's legacy and support a number of educational and charitable projects. The foundation's aim is to develop education, health care, arts, culture, promote Azerbaijan abroad, protect Azerbaijani cultural heritage and improve the welfare of the people.
Willits, California

Willits (formerly Little Lake and Willitsville) is a city in Mendocino County, California, United States. Willits is north-northwest of Ukiah, at an elevation of . The population was 4,988 at the 2020 census.
Absinthe spoon

An absinthe spoon is simply a special spoon, placed over a glass of absinthe. There are holes in the spoon, over which a sugar cube is placed. Then, cold water is poured over the sugar to dilute and sweeten the absinthe.
List of heads of state of Albania

This is a list of heads of state of Albania. The head of state is named President.
WikiLeaks

WikiLeaks is a non-profit organization which uses its website to publish governmental, private data, corporate or religious documents that had previously been secret. The website was started in 2006 by Julian Assange. It had over 1.2 million documents in its database by the time one year had passed. Usually, it does not give out the names and addresses of people who post documents. The site is based in Sweden. Though its name is similar to Wikipedia, it is not related to Wikipedia or the Wikimedia Foundation. The name was chosen because WikiLeaks used a wiki model at first, where people could edit the site, but it has since changed and is no longer open for editing.
History
In July 2010, WikiLeaks was in the news for publishing over 76,900 documents related to the War in Afghanistan. In October that same year, WikiLeaks posted almost 400,000 documents that were about the War in Iraq.
This was the largest ever leak of documents about the US Army. It reported mainly on deaths of civilians, soldiers, and sightings of homemade bombs or armed civilians.
On 28 November 2010, WikiLeaks and five major newspapers - from Spain (El Pais), France (Le Monde), Germany (Der Spiegel), the United Kingdom (The Guardian), and the United States (The New York Times) - all began to publish the first 291 of 251,287 confidential diplomatic cables from 274 embassies dated from 1966-2010. WikiLeaks plans to release all of the cables in phases over several months.
This leak was widely covered by the international media, as many of the leaks contained information that affected countries other than the United States. Some leaks were published by other news organizations like Fairfax Media. White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs said that an "open and transparent government is something that the President believes is truly important. But the stealing of classified information and its dissemination is a crime".
In August 2016, WikiLeaks posted more than 20,000 emails from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) that showed they tried to undermine Bernie Sanders.
Oscar Malbernat

Oscar Miguel Cacho Malbernat Candela (2 February 1944 - 9 August 2019) was an Argentine footballer and manager. He was the captain of Estudiantes de La Plata between 1967 and 1972. He played for Boca Juniors in 1972 and Racing Club de Avellaneda in 1973. From 1966 to 1970, Malbernat played for the national team. Malbernat was born in La Plata, Argentina.
Malbernat died of kidney failure in La Plata on 9 August 2019 at the age of 75.
Jean Piaget

Jean Piaget (9 August 1896 - 16 September 1980) was a Swiss developmental psychologist. He is famous for his work with children and how they learn. He started a type of study called "genetic epistemology", which is about where knowledge comes from.
Stages of cognitive development
At first, Piaget was a biologist. He was especially interested in mollusks. He became more interested in psychology while listening to children talk. He wondered how they learned, and came up with a theory that they go through stages where they become ready for certain kinds of learning. These stages are called "stages of cognitive development". For example, the first stage he came up with is called the "sensorimotor stage". He believed that, from birth to two years old, children would learn that they are different from objects, and that even if the child left a room, things that were in the room would still be there. (This is called "object permanence").
Scots pine

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is a species of pine native to Europe and Asia. It ranges from Scotland, Ireland and Portugal in the west, east to eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains, and as far north as well inside the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia.
In the north of its range, it occurs from sea level to 1,000 m, while in the south of its range it is a high altitude mountain tree, growing at 1,200-2,600 m altitude.
It has fairly short, blue-green leaves and orange-red bark.
Helensburgh F.C.

Helensburgh F.C. is a football club which plays in Scotland.
Celestus microblepharis

Celestus microblepharis are a kind of lizard of the Anguidae family. It can only be found in Jamaica.
Davidson County, North Carolina

Davidson County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, 168,930 people lived there. Its county seat is Lexington, and its largest city is Thomasville.
La Valette-du-Var

La Valette-du-Var is a commune of 23,795 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Linda Manz

Linda Manz (August 20, 1961 - August 14, 2020) was an American actress. She was active from 1978 to 1997. She was best known for her roles in Days of Heaven (1978), Out of the Blue (1980), and Gummo (1997). Manz was born in New York City.
Manz died on August 14, 2020 from pneumonia caused by lung cancer in New York City at the age of 58.
Le Bellay-en-Vexin

Le Bellay-en-Vexin is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Saint-Jeure-d'Ay

Saint-Jeure-d'Ay is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Rakaia

Rakaia is a town located on State Highway 1 and is close to Rakaia River. It is located 57 kilometers southwest of Christchurch and 28 north of Ashburton. It has a primary school in the town. In 1899 there was a train accident that killed four people. It has a large fibreglass salmon which is the feature of the town.
Chari-Baguirmi (prefecture)

Chari-Baguirmi was one of fourteen prefectures of Chad. The capital of was Ndjamena. Since 2002, Chad is divided into regions.
Meherrin, Virginia

Meherrin is a small unincorporated community in Lunenburg and Prince Edward counties in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is about 18.6 miles by road south of Farmville. In 2000, the population was 1,838.
Footlight Serenade

Footlight Serenade is a 1942 American musical comedy movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and stars Betty Grable, John Payne, Victor Mature. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Antecedent

In grammar, an antecedent is a word or phrase that is repeated by another word or phrase. An antecedent is most often used with relative pronouns, words like "what", "that", and "who". The pronoun usually begins the relative clause and the antecedent is in the main clause.
Examples
I want a book that I can read.
In the above example, the relative pronoun 'that' refers back to the antecedent, the word 'book'. Therefore, the main clause is "I want a book" and the relative clause is "that I can read".
Some more examples:
Willy said he likes chocolate. - Noun as antecedent
My eccentric uncle likes chocolate. He tells everyone to buy him chocolate. - Noun phrase as antecedent
Larry was helpful, and so was Kim. - Adjective as antecedent
He arrived in the afternoon, when nobody was home. - Prepositional phrase as antecedent
The relative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, that.
Bulk modulus

The bulk modulus (letter K) is a measure of the resistance of a substance to compression on all sides. Gases are easily compressed, while solids and liquid are only compressed with difficulty. It is measured by a measuring instrument when another object is placed under pressure. Its unit is psi.
Alice Reynolds

Alice Louise Reynolds (April 1, 1873 - December 5, 1938) was the first woman professor at Brigham Young University (BYU). BYU magazine put her in a list of the 10 best BYU professors of the 20th century. She was the second woman in Utah to be a full professor.
Childhood and education
Alice was born in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory, United States. Her father was George Reynolds and her mother was Mary Ann Tuddenham. Her father was a general authority of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and worked as secretary to the First Presidency of the church for many years. When Alice was six years old, her father went to jail because he had more than one wife (plural marriage).
Her father's sister, her aunt Julia Reynolds, helped raise Alice. Alice liked reading and being around grownups. When she was 12, her mother died while giving birth to one of her siblings. Alice's father sent her and her younger sister Florence to the Brigham Young Academy (BYA) for their high school education. Alice was inspired by one of her teachers, Academy Principal Karl G. Maeser. She graduated from BYA in 1890.
Alice had taught for two years when the president of BYA, Benjamin Cluff, asked her to start a literature department at BYA. Reynolds went to the University of Michigan to study literature from 1892 to 1894. When she came back she became a full-time teacher at BYA.
Later in her life Reynolds received more education in Chicago, Cornell, Berkeley and Columbia. She also traveled to Europe four different times.
Career
Teaching
Reynolds was a Professor of English for 44 years. She became the first female to be a full professor at BYU. She taught approximately 5,000 students in 20 different English courses. Reynolds's absent-mindedness was famous at BYU. According to her students, she once walked through a herd of cows while reading a book and brought a teakettle to work instead of her purse.
Reynolds was an editor for the Relief Society Magazine from 1923 to 1930 and a writer for other LDS magazines. She also served in the General Board of the Relief Society of LDS Church for seven years.
Contributions to library
While working at BYA, Reynolds became the chairperson of the committee to establish the library. She was the chairperson of the committee for 19 years. She held a large fundraiser to obtain 1,200 books to add to the school's library. Over the course of her life, she organized several other campaigns to help the library grow to 100,000 volumes. Through the efforts of the club, over 10,000 volumes were donated to the BYU library.
Junaid Babunagari

Muhammad Junaid (popularly known as Junaid Babungari, , 8 October 1953 - 19 August 2021) was a Bangladeshi Deobandi Islamic scholar, educator, writer, researcher, Islamic speaker and spiritual figure. He was the Amir of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh from 2020 until his death.
His followers called him 'Majlum Janneta', 'Qaed-e Millat' and the 'Uncompromising Sipahsalar'. He went to jail for leading the Hefazat movement in 2013. Babunagari was born in Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Junaid died on 19 August 2021 in Chittagong from a stroke caused by diabetes at the age of 67.
The Chiffons

The Chiffons was an all-woman singing group. They started in New York City in 1960.
Hisashi Tsuchida

is a former Japanese football player.
Biography
Tsuchida was born in Okayama on February 1, 1967. After graduating from Osaka University of Economics, he joined Japan Soccer League club Mitsubishi Motors (later Urawa Reds) in 1989. He played many matches as goalkeeper from 1991. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. He battles with Yuki Takita for the position for a long time. He played as regular goalkeeper in 1994 and 1995. However he lost regular position for injury in 1996, and his opportunity to play decreased from 1997. He could not play at all in the matches from 1999. He retired with rival Takita end of 2000 season.
In 1988, when Tsuchida was an Osaka University of Economics student, he was selected Japan national "B team" for 1988 Asian Cup. At this competition, he played one game. However, Japan Football Association don't count as Japan national team match because this Japan team was "B team" not "top team".
Arleux-en-Gohelle

Arleux-en-Gohelle is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Lac de Moiry

Lac de Moiry is a lake in the municipality of Anniviers (former Grimentz), Switzerland. The lake has a surface area of 1.40 km2 and an elevation of 2,249 m. The maximum depth is 120 m.
The dam is 148 m high and was completed in 1958.
Casino Royale

Casino Royale is the twenty first James Bond movie. It is the first to star Daniel Craig as the secret agent James Bond. It was released on November 17, 2006.
Wang Dingguo

Wang Dingguo (; 4 February 1912 - 9 June 2020) was a Chinese Red Army veteran and politician. She was the wife of Xie Juezai, president of the Supreme People's Court. She was a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference from 1978 to 1993. She was a member of the Communist Party of China. Wang was born in Yingshan County, Sichuan.
Wang died on 9 June 2020 in Beijing from an illness, aged 108.
Longhouse

A longhouse or long house is a type of building in several cultures. It is usually for many people living together. Many buildings were made out of wood. Some used wood and stone. They were for long-term usage and not for people who moved around a lot. The longhouse was in Asia, Europe and North America. Native Americans built longhouses.
Europe
In Europe, they were in countries or regions like England, Germany and Scandinavia in the Middle Ages. The Dartmoor longhouse is an example from England. Old Frisian longhouse was form the Netherlands. Longhouses were common in northern regions of Germany. Vikings lived in longhouses. Longhouses were important during the Neolithic period and Bronze Age in Central Europe.
Americas
The Iroquois tribes are known for living in large longhouses. Another name for Iroquois, Haudenosaunee means "People of the Longhouses". They lived in the Northeastern Woodlands. Bark was woven around poles. Wood was bent to make round-shaped roofs. There was usually a fireplace in the center and holes to let smoke out. Doors were covered with animal skin to keep people warm. Up to 20 families lived in these longhouses.
The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) was made of the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida and Mohawk tribes. Lenni Lenape and Powhatan tribes also built and lived in longhouses. Indigenous People of the Pacific Northwest of North America also built some form of longhouses. They used logs to built the longhouses. They often used cedar. There were booths with multiple fires. There was a hallway along the middle of the longhouse. The front of the longhouse had decoration with faces and animals. There was also a usually a Totem poll.
Tribes in the Pacific Northwest included Haida, Tsimshian, Tlingit, Makah, Clatsop, Coast Salish and Multnomah.
There were also longhouses in South America in Colombia and parts of Brazil.
Asia
There were longhouses in Korea during the Mumun pottery period from 1100-850 BC. Longhouses were also built in Borneo, Indonesia. Siberut, part of the Mentawai Islands, Vietnam and Nepal.
Girl with a Pearl Earring

The Girl with a Pearl Earring () is an oil painting by Dutch Golden Age painter Johannes Vermeer, dated 1665. It shows a girl wearing a turban and a pearl earing.
Sho Sasaki

is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sasaki was born in Zama on October 2, 1989. After graduating from Kanagawa University, he joined J2 League club Ventforet Kofu in 2012. He played many matches as left side back from first season. Ventforet also was promoted to J1 League end of the 2012 season. In 2015, he moved to Sanfrecce Hiroshima. He played many matches and Sanfrecce won the J1 champions in 2015. Although he could hardly play in the match for injury in 2016 and 2017, He became a regular player from 2018.
On September 11, 2018, Sasaki debuted for the Japan national team against Costa Rica. In 2019, he played at 2019 Asian Cup and Japan won the 2nd place. He played 9 games for Japan until 2019.
Basílio (footballer)

Valdeci Basilio da Silva (born 14 July 1972), also known as Basilio, was a Brazilian football player. He played for several teams.
Laura Bailey

Laura Bailey (born May 28, 1981) is a American voice actress. Some of the characters she voiced are Lucina in the Fire Emblem franchise, Blaze the Cat in Sonic the Hedgehog, and Chun-Li from Street Fighter. She won the BAFTA for Best Performer in a Leading Role and Best Performance at The Game Awards for her role as Abby in The Last of Us Part II.
Arirang (2011 movie)

Arirang is a 2011 South Korean movie. It is about the revolutionist Kim San. It is also about the sadness and pain of the Korean people under the rule of the Japanese.
In the story, a female reporter Nim Wales meets Kim San in Yanan City in China. She listens to Kim San about his thoughts of revolution and freedom of his home country Korea. The Japanese rule at that time was very strict and violent. The people wanted independence of Korea from Japan. Many Koreans, like Kim, were forced to leave their own country. When Kim met Nim Wales in Yanan, he joined the revolution in China against Japan's aggressive war.
In this movie, the main theme is revolution and Independence of Korea. It is also about Kim San's mind to his mother country and his own life.
Jean-François Voguet

Jean-Francois Voguet (8 August 1949 - 2 February 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France, representing the Val-de-Marne department. He was a member of the Communist, Republican, and Citizen Group.
Voguet died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in France on 2 February 2021, aged 71.
Carlos Campos

Carlos Hector Campos Silva (February 14, 1937 - November 11, 2020) was a Chilean footballer.
Career
Campos played for Universidad de Chile. He scored 184 goals for the club, and 18 times for the Chilean national team.
Campos died on November 11, 2020 in Ovalle at the age of 83.
Forstern

Forstern is a municipality in the district of Erding in Bavaria in Germany.
Don Pasquale

Don Pasquale is an Italian comic opera in three acts. Gaetano Donizetti wrote the music. Giovanni Ruffini wrote the libretto (story and words).
Don Pasquale was the 64th of the 66 operas Donizetti wrote. It is about an old bachelor who wants to marry. The opera was first performed on January 3, 1843 at the Comedie-Italienne in Paris, France.
It was first performed in Italy at La Scala in Milan on April 17, 1843. In London, England, it was first performed on June 29, 1843, and in the United States on January 7, 1845 in New Orleans.
Steve Prestwich

Steven William Prestwich (5 March 1954 - 16 January 2011) was an English born musician who became famous as the drummer in two Australian rock bands, the Little River Band and Cold Chisel Born in Liverpool, his family moved to Adelaide, Australia, in 1971. He formed a band called "Orange" with Jimmy Barnes. This band then became Cold Chisel. Prestwich wrote, and helped write several of the bands biggest hits including "Forever Now", "When The War Is Over", "Nothin' But You", "Monica", "Best Kept Lies", and "Flame Trees".
When Cold Chisel broke up in 1983, Prestwich joined the Little River Band. He recorded two albums with them. They recorded his song "When The War Is Over" with John Farnham. He played with Cold Chisel again when they reformed for two tours in 1998 and 2003. They had planned to record a new album in 2011. Prestwich recorded two solo albums, Since You've Been Gone in 2000 and Every Highway in 2009.
Prestwich died after surgery to treat a brain tumor in 2011.
Fool's Overture

"Fool's Overture" is a 1977 song by English rock band Supertramp and is the closing track from their fifth studio album Even in the Quietest Moments.... It clocks in at nearly eleven minutes long. It talks about the Second World War and the famous Winston Churchill speech.
Paralympic Games

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The Paralympic Games or Paralympics, are a major international sports event. People with physical disabilities compete in these games. They are called Paralympians. They include people with disabilities that affect movement, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy.
There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games. They are held just after the Olympic Games. All Paralympic Games are governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).
History
The Paralympics started as a small gathering of British World War II veterans in 1948. They became one of the largest international sport events by the early 21st century.
Paralympians
Paralympians have many different kinds of disabilities, so there are several categories in which they compete. The disabilities are in six broad categories: amputee, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, wheelchair, visually impaired, and Les Autres'' (This means "the others" in French.) These categories are further broken down which vary from sport to sport.
Paralympians work for equal treatment with able-bodied Olympians. Olympians receive much more money than Paralympians. Some Paralympians have also participated in the Olympic Games.
Mississippian (geology)

The Mississippian is the first geological epoch in the Carboniferous geological period. It began about 359 million years ago and ended 323.
The names Mississippian and Pennsylvanian are used in North America, because they match the strata there. Geologists from elsewhere mostly use just 'Carboniferous', or they use the official terms for stages, as defined by the International Commission for Stratigraphy.
During the Mississippian the sea level was high, and much of North America was covered by a shallow sea. The strata are mostly layers of marine limestones.
Kyle MacLachlan

Kyle Merritt MacLachlan (born February 22 1959) is an American actor. He is known for the role of Agent Dale Cooper in the television series Twin Peaks. He has appeared in movies by David Lynch, including Blue Velvet and Dune. MacLachlan won the 1991 Golden Globe Award for "Best Performance by an Actor in a TV-Series - Drama" for his work on Twin Peaks. He was also nominated twice for the Emmy Award for his acting on that series.
MacLachlan was also in the 1995 movie Showgirls and the television series Desperate Housewives.
The Open Door

The Open Door is the second studio album by Evanescence. The album was released on October 3, 2006.
Holmes Beach, Florida

Holmes Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.
History
Holmes Beach was created in 1950.
Supreme Court of Indonesia

The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia () is the independent judicial branch of the country. It keeps a system of courts and sits above the other courts and is the final court of appeal. It can also re-examine cases if new evidence emerges.
The Supreme Court is independent as of the third amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia. The Supreme Court is in charge over the high courts (Pengadilan Tinggi) and district courts (Pengadilan Negeri). There are about 68 high courts: 31 General Courts, 29 Religious Courts, 4 Administrative Courts and 4 Military Courts.
Hans-Dietrich Genscher

Hans-Dietrich Genscher (21 March 1927 - 31 March 2016) was a German politician.
Early life
Genscher was born at Reideburg, near Halle. Genscher served in World War II from 1943 to 1945. He joined the Nazi Party at the age of 18. After the war, he studied economics and law in Halle and Leipzig. He joined the East German Liberal Democratic Party (LDPD) in 1946.
In 1952, Genscher fled to West Germany. There he joined the Free Democratic Party (FDP). He passed his second state examination in law in Hamburg in 1954. After that, he became a solicitor in Bremen.
Career
In 1965, Genscher was elected to the Bundestag, the West German parliament for the first time. From 1969 to 1974, he was Federal Minister of the Interior under Chancellor Willy Brandt.
Genscher was Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor of Germany from 1974 to 1982 under Helmut Schmidt. Two weeks later, he began to serve in the same positions under Helmut Kohl. He served the second time from 1982 to 1992. He was Germany's longest serving Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor.
Death
Genscher died at his home in Wachtberg, Germany from heart failure on 31 March 2016, aged 89.
Towa Carson

Towa Carson (actual name Birgit Rose-Marie Anlert, nee Carlsson), born on 31 March 1936 in Eskilstuna, Sweden, is a Swedish schlager singer. She debuted in 1954, and scored most successes during the 1950s and 60s. She recorded many vocal duets with Lasse Lonndahl. She has also participated in Swedish Eurovision Song Contest) preselection Melodifestivalen.
Anne Sullivan

Anne Sullivan (April 14, 1866 - October 20, 1936) was a teacher best known as the tutor of Helen Keller. Anne Sullivan married John Macy in 1905. Her health started getting worse in 1914, and she died on October 20, 1936 holding hands with Helen Keller.
Anne Sullivan was born in Feeding Hills, Hampden County, Massachusetts. Her parents, Thomas Sullivan and Alice Clohessy, were poor Irish farmers who left Ireland in 1847 because of the Irish Potato Famine. Sullivan taught Helen Keller sign language. Anne and Helen lived together in Forest Hills, Queens, New York and Anne died there on October 20, 1936. Anne was Helen's favorite teacher. Helen wrote the book 'Teacher' about Anne.
Alberto Gilardino

Alberto Gilardino (born 5 July 1982) is an Italian football player. He plays for Fiorentina and Italy national team.
Caerleon

Caerleon (; ) is a town and community on the River Usk. It is situated northeast of the city of Newport, Wales and southeast of Cwmbran. Caerleon is of archaeological importance, as it is the site of a notable Roman legionary fortress, Isca Augusta, and an Iron Age hillfort.
Transport
Road
Caerleon is from Newport city centre and from Cwmbran. Caerleon is north of the M4 motorway. The B4596 (Caerleon Road) links Newport city centre to Caerleon via M4 Junction 25, crossing Caerleon Bridge into Caerleon High Street. The B4236 (Ponthir Road) links Caerleon to Cwmbran. The Usk Road links Caerleon to Usk.
A regular bus service links Caerleon to Newport city centre and Cwmbran. There is a City Sightseeing open-top bus service in summer months. A cycle and pedestrian walkway alongside the River Usk links Caerleon to Malpas and Newport city centre at Crindau, route 88 of the National Cycle Network.
Rail
Trains pass through Caerleon on the Welsh Marches Line, but do not stop at the closed Caerleon railway station. The nearest passenger stations are Newport railway station, and Cwmbran railway station.
Transport for Wales have announced that Caerleon could have a station as part of the South Wales Metro project.
Germering

Germering is a town of about 40,500 within Furstenfeldbruck, in Bavaria, Germany. It is directly near to the city of Munich and borders it to the west.
Circus (Britney Spears song)

"Circus" is a pop single from Britney Spears. It is about putting on shows and being an entertainer. The song was released from her album of the same name. It was released on December 2, 2008.
The song reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on American pop radio and is her second best-selling digital song in the United States, having sold over 3.2 million downloads as of July 2016. On a global scale, "Circus" was one of the top 10 best selling songs of 2009 with 5.5 million digital copies sold that year across the world, according to the IFPI.
Scholarship

A scholarship is financial help (money) given to someone who wants to study. Scholarships can be given by schools or by universities or colleges or any other institution where people can study or where research needs to be done. It is similar to a bursary.
There are very many kinds of scholarships. Some scholarships will cover all the tuition fees (money that the student needs to pay to study), others may just help towards the tuition fees. Some scholarships may include money for other things such as food and accommodation.
Sometimes the students are expected to do something in return for having a scholarship. They may, for example, be expected to do some particular work after they finish their studies, or they may need to help the institution in some way. Quite often the amount of money a student gets will depend on how much money the family has.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women says that scholarship must be equally given for girls without discrimination.
Sérigné

Serigne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
National symbols

National symbols are patriotic symbols representing nations and countries. Sometimes, symbols are used for cultural or ethnic groups that do not have their own country yet.
National symbols try to unite people or send a message by representing the national people, values, goals, or history. People often honor their nation, country, or group by celebrating their national symbol.
Common official national symbols
The flag of a nation
The coat of arms, seal (device) and stamp of the land and/or ruling dynasty
The national colours
Animals and plants/flowers, whether real or not
Crosses or other symbols of religion
National anthems, royal and imperial hymns
The office of the Head of State
The regalia of a monarchy, such as crown jewels
The Father of the Nation and other founding fathers
The Mother of the Nation and other honourable female leaders and politicians.
Watch the Ride

Watch the Ride is a compilation album made by Zinc and released by Harmless in 2007.
Saint Clair, Missouri

Saint Clair is a city in Franklin County, Missouri, United States.
Bernie Parent

Bernard Marcel Parent (born April 3, 1945 in Montreal, Quebec), better known as Bernie Parent, is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender.
List of Royal Societies

List of Royal Societies includes organizations with a royal charter and permission to use the term "Royal" in the official name. These include
List
Royal Academy (RA), 1768
Royal Asiatic Society (RAS), 1824,
Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1830
Royal Medical Society (RMS), 1773
Royal Microscopical Society (RMS), 1839
Royal Society, 1660
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), 1824
Royal Society of Arts (RSA), 1754
Tahar Chaïbi

Tahar Chaibi (17 February 1946 - 29 April 2014) was a Tunisian footballer. He played as a midfielder for Club Africain and the national team. He was born in Tunis, Tunisia.
Chaibi died from complications from a stroke, aged 68.
Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics or computational biology is the study of large amounts of biological information or genome. It focuses on molecules like DNA. It is done often with the help of computers.
Foundation
As species of living things change over time, the DNA contained in their cells change, because of evolution. If we can extract the information from living things today, and compare them to each other, we can see which living things are most closely related, the most similar can be thought to be the most closely related in time. Biologists can then construct family trees, or phylogenies. By combining each tree, a grand tree connecting all living things can be made, this is called the "Tree of Life". Bioinformatics uses integration of mathematical, statistical and computational method to analyze biological, biochemical and biophysical data.
The process
All of the information needed by a cell is provided in its DNA. When a cell wants to build a protein, it finds the appropriate piece of DNA, makes a copy of it (called RNA), and uses the instructions in the copy to make the protein.
Proteins can perform many functions like transportation, structural support, movement and metabolism. Proteins are made from amino acids. There are twenty different amino acids that are used to build millions of different protein molecules.
These molecules can be studied using computers to analyze the DNA, RNA, and amino acid sequences from which they are created. Because there are so many different molecules, the best way we have of understanding how the entire system works is to use bioinformatics.
Computers in bioinformatics
Chemists have developed ways to understand the shape and behavior of small molecules, using mathematical analysis. They might use computers to study these molecules. The DNA contained in just one cell of an organism is far too large to be read by any person, and to compare the DNA between two (or more) organisms, be they in the brother and sister, or of a completely different species, requires comparing large amounts of information to find differences. Computers are better suited to such comparisons, and computer programmers have worked with biologists to create very very large databases to store all the DNA information that has ever been learned.
Saint-Martin-des-Champs, Yonne

Saint-Martin-des-Champs is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
Sonvico

Sonvico was a municipality of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 14 April 2013, the former municipalities of Bogno, Cadro, Carona, Certara, Cimadera, Valcolla and Sonvico merged into the city of Lugano.
SomosTV

SOMOSTV LLC, is an American Pay TV entertainment company engaged in the production, distribution, and marketing of Pay TV channels in the U.S. Hispanic market, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Panama, Central America, and the Caribbean. Headquartered in Miami, Florida, the company owns and operates two networks: ViendoMovies and Semillitas. SOMOSTV is headed by Luis Villanueva, an executive in the Hispanic media and entertainment industry, President and CEO of SOMOS Group.
Bob Kane

Bob Kane (October 24, 1915 - November 3, 1998) was an American cartoonist. He is best known for creating the superhero Batman with Bill Finger.
Penny Marshall

Carole Penny Marshall (October 15, 1943 - December 17, 2018) was an American actress, producer and director. She starred as Laverne in the sitcom Laverne & Shirley from 1976 to 1983. Marshall directed many movies, including Awakenings, A League of Their Own, and Big.
From 1971 to 1981, she was married to actor and director Rob Reiner. Her brother was director Garry Marshall. She was born in The Bronx, New York City.
Marshall died on December 17, 2018 in Los Angeles, California from heart failure complicated from diabetes and heart disease, aged 75.
Division of Casey

The Division of Casey is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was set up in 1969 and is named for Richard Casey, who was Governor-General of Australia 1965-69. It covers an area of 2337 km2 in the outer eastern suburbs of Melbourne including Croydon, Montrose and Olinda.
Provinces of the Philippines

The Provinces of the Philippines are the main political and administrative divisions of the Philippines. There are 82 provinces at present. The provinces are divided into cities and municipalities. The National Capital Region, as well as independent cities, are separate from any provincial government. Each province has a governor.
The provinces are grouped into seventeen regions based on geographical, cultural, and ethnological characteristics. Fourteen of these regions are designated with numbers corresponding to their geographic location in order from north to south. The National Capital Region, Cordillera Administrative Region, and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao do not have numerical designations.
Each province is member to the League of Provinces of the Philippines, an organization which aims to address issues affecting provincial and metropolitan government administrations.
List of provinces
NOTES:
All population and land area figures include cities independent from provinces. In this table, they are counted as part of the province to which they are often grouped for statistical purposes, but in actuality they are first-level entities on their own right.
Metro Manila is included for comparison although it is not a province but an administrative region.
Land area figures taken from 2009 IRA computation factors .
Eustace IV , Count of Boulogne

Eustace IV (c. 1130 - August 1153) was the son of Stephen of England, He was Count of Boulogne from 1150 until his death in 1153.
Birth
He was believed to have been born around 1130 however his exact year of birth is disputed to be around c. 1128 - 1131.
Death
He was killed possibly by being struck from the force of God whilst plundering church property. However he most likely died of a broken heart.
Communes of the Moselle department

The following is a list of the 730 communes of the Moselle departement, in France.
Pennsylvania Turnpike

The Pennsylvania Turnpike is a toll road (a road cars have to pay to drive on) operated by the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States. It costs more than $7 for a car to enter it from Ohio. The turnpike is a limited-access highway, which means cars must use ramps to get onto the highway. It runs across the state. The turnpike begins at the Ohio border in Lawrence County, where it goes into that state as the Ohio Turnpike. The designation ends at the New Jersey border at the Delaware River - Turnpike Toll Bridge over the Delaware River in Bucks County, where it goes into that state as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Extension of the New Jersey Turnpike. The roadway goes east-west path through the state, going through the Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, and Philadelphia areas. As it goes across the Appalachian Mountains in the middle of the state, the turnpike goes through four tunnels. It is part of the Interstate Highway System and is signed as part of Interstate 76 (I-76) between the Ohio border and Valley Forge, I-70 and I-76 between New Stanton and Breezewood, I-276 between Valley Forge and Bristol Township, and I-95 between Bristol Township and the New Jersey border. The road uses a ticket system of tolling, where cars get a ticket listing fares when they head onto the road and pay when they leave the road, between the Warrendale and Neshaminy Falls toll plazas. There is also an eastbound toll plaza at Gateway near the Ohio border and a westbound toll plaza at the Delaware River Bridge that uses cameras to take a picture of the car's license plate and send a bill in the mail. E-ZPass, a form of electronic toll collection, is also used at all toll plazas.
The Pennsylvania Turnpike was planned in the 1930s to make traveling by car better across the mountains of Pennsylvania. It went through seven tunnels that were created for the abandoned South Pennsylvania Railroad in the 1880s. The road opened on October 1, 1940 between Irwin and Carlisle as the first long-distance limited-access highway in the United States that led to the building of other limited-access toll roads and the Interstate Highway System. Following World War II, the turnpike was built east to Valley Forge in 1950 and west to the Ohio border in 1951. In 1954, the road was built east to the Delaware River. The mainline turnpike was done in 1956 when the Delaware River bridge was built. In the 1960s, another tube was bored at four of the two-lane tunnels while the other three tunnels were closed when a new road was built around them. This made all of the highway four lanes wide. Work continues to be done to make the road better, such as rebuilding the original section to today's standards, widening parts of the turnpike to six lanes, and adding new interchanges.
Make America Psycho Again

Make America Psycho Again is the first remix album by Fall Out Boy, released on October 30, 2015.
Subroutine

In computer programming, a subroutine is a code that is comprised of more codes -- just like everything in programming -- its purpose is the same: execute an instruction/command. Because subroutines are shorter, they can be typed faster and therefore be used more by programmers, hence saving time by being able to code faster.
Subroutines are commonly paired with parameter, a type of variable.
National Lampoon's Class Reunion

National Lampoon's Class Reunion is a 1982 American horror comedy movie directed by Michael Miller and starring Gerrit Graham, Michael Lerner, Misty Rowe, Blackie Dammett, Fred McCarren, Miriam Flynn, Stephen Furst, Mews Small, Randy Powell, Zane Buzby. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Romanichthyini

Romanichthyini is a tribe of freshwater ray-finned fish which is one of two tribes in the subfamily Luciopercinae, which in turn is classified under the family Percidae.
Mantua, Virginia

Mantua is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 7,135 at the 2010 census.
Éponine

Eponine Thenardier (; ) is a character in the novel Les Miserables (1862) by Victor Hugo. She is also referred to as the "Jondrette girl".
The character is introduced as a spoiled and pampered child. Later in the book, she appears as a ragged teenager who has become very mature for her age. She speaks in the style of language of the streets of Paris. She has kept her former charm and innocence.
A Spectre Haunts Europe

A Spectre Haunts Europe () is a 1923 Soviet silent movie directed by Vladimir Gardin. It stars Zoya Barantsevich, Oleg Frelikh, and Yevgeny Gryaznov.
Sleeping Dogs

Sleeping Dogs is an action-adventure video game. It was developed by United Front Games and published by Square Enix. It was released on 14 August 2012. The game is set in Hong Kong and focuses on an undercover operation to infiltrate the Triads (an underground society). The main character in the game (who the player controls) is Wei Shen. He was sent away to the United States to become a police officer and then decided to come back to Hong Kong to stop the Sun On Yee shipping company who do many illegal things. This game consist of three major parts: cops, traids, and face.
Lövgrens

Lovgrens is a dansband from Billesholm in Sweden. The band was established in 1994. In the early 2010s, the band has scored album chart successes in Sweden. The band was called Claes Lovgrens until July 2017. It was named after singer Claes Lovgren. The band's drummer Johan Fredriksson was awarded the "drummer of the year" in 2007.
Bronbeek

Bronbeek is a former Royal palace in Arnhem, the Netherlands. It is now a museum and a home for elderly soldiers.
Bronbeek was built early 19th century. In 1845 the Dutch King William III bought Bronbeek. He donated it to the Dutch state in 1859. William wanted it to be a home for disabled KNIL soldiers. The inhabitants took their collections of 'souvenirs' with them. This turned into a museum about the Dutch East Indies.
In 2004 50 former soldiers have their home in Bronbeek.
Paradise Road

Paradise Road may refer to:
Paradise Road (1936 movie), a movie directed by Martin Fric
Paradise Road (1997 movie), a movie directed by Bruce Beresford
Paradise Road (Las Vegas), a road in Las Vegas
"Paradise Road" (song), a 1980 song by South African group Joy
Courtoin

Courtoin is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
W. R. Mitchell

William Reginald "Bill" Mitchell (15 January 1928 - 7 October 2015) was a British writer. He was the editor of Dalesman magazine for twenty years. Over a sixty year period, Mitchell wrote over 200 books. He was born in Skipton, North Riding of Yorkshire.
Mitchell died from a short-illness in Skipton, North Yorkshire at the age of 87.
Jess Phillips

Jessica Rose Phillips (; born 9 October 1981) is a British Labour Party politician. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Yardley since the 2015 general election.
In January 2020, Phillips briefly ran for Leader of the Labour Party in the 2020 leadership election.
666 (number)

666 is a natural number after 665 and before 667. It is a number with many properties.
One of these properties is that it is the sum of the first 36 natural numbers. That makes 666 a triangular number.
666 is the sum of the first 144 decimals (digits after the decimal point) of pi. The number is also used in the 666 dating rule or rule of sixes which judges the attractiveness of men.
In religion
The Bible says in the Book of Revelation that the number 666 is often associated with an Antichrist. It is believed that the number is the "Number of the Beast". Some interpreters say that a future world leader will force people to accept this number as a mark or else be forbidden to buy or sell.
However, many people who do accept this mark will be rejected by God. However, those who believe in numerology or superstitions believe it is an angel number associated with the spiritual imbalance and do not necessarily represent evil or bad luck.
Another interpretation notes that in the Aramaic alphabet each letter has a numeric value, the letters in each name or title can be added to produce a total.
Some think the name of the Emperor Nero was secretly referred to by this number, since Nero did much to harm Christians. The name of Nero Caesar in Aramaic adds up to 666.
Pat Maginnis

Patricia Theresa "Pat" Maginnis (June 9, 1928 - August 30, 2021) was one of the earliest American abortion rights activists. Before Roe v. Wade, Maginnis worked towards eliminating rules and regulations governing abortion providers. In addition, she focused on women's rights to control their own body. She shed light on the importance of providing women access to safe and legal abortion services. Maginnis worked to decriminalize terminating pregnancies, speaking out about her personal abortions. She was one of the first people to publicly argue that medical control over women's reproductive rights was destructive and unjust.
Pat founded the Citizens Committee for Humane Abortion Laws promoting safe and legal abortions in San Francisco around 1962. Later renamed the Society for Humane Abortion (SHA), the committee worked to educate medical and legal personal while running a free post-abortion clinic. Additionally, the SHA ran an underground network helping women access abortions. Obtaining abortions was extremely hard to do as it was rare doctors granted exceptions for "therapeutic abortions." Maginnis and other activists would encourage and teach women seeking abortions how to fake these conditions (psychosis, excess vomiting, etc). She handed out leaflets on how a woman could terminate a pregnancy and taught ways to induce abortion at home. Pat was arrested several times as she often went against anti-abortion laws.
Once the Supreme Court ruled that women had the constitutional right to abortions, Maginnis worked on other issues such as gay rights and animal welfare. She regularly protested the Catholic church and it's anti-abortion policies, demanding they take responsibility in cases of sexual abuse by priests.
Theodor W. Adorno

Theodor W. Adorno (; ; born Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund; 11 September 1903 - 6 August 1969) was a German sociologist, philosopher, composer, and music theorist.
He designed the F-scale with other researchers at the University of California. This scale tried to measure "the authoritarian personality", the "F" standing for "Fascist". He wrote about this in the 1950 book The Authoritarian Personality. He was a Marxist.