kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
William F. Buckley Jr.

William Frank Buckley, Jr. (November 24, 1925 - February 27, 2008) was an American conservative author and commentator. He founded the political magazine National Review in 1955, which had a big impact on the American conservative movement. He supported Barry M. Goldwater and Ronald Reagan.
Career
He hosted 1,429 episodes of the television show Firing Line from 1966 until 1999, where he became known for his transatlantic accent and wide vocabulary. He also wrote a nationally syndicated newspaper column, and wrote many spy novels.
Personal life
Buckley was born November 24, 1925, in New York City. He was of Irish descent. As a child he lived in Mexico and learned Spanish. He studied in France and England and learned their languages. In 1950, Buckley married Patricia Buckley. They had a son, Christopher.
Buckley died at his home in Stamford, Connecticut, on February 27, 2008. Initially, it was reported that he was found dead at his desk in his study, a converted garage. At the time of his death, he had been suffering from emphysema and diabetes. His cause of death was soon ruled as emphysema.
Formula 1

Formula 1 is a type of motorsport. Teams compete in a series of Grand Prix races, held in different countries around the world. Some of the most popular races are held in Monaco, Singapore, Italy and Britain. The formula one cars are very fast, they reach speeds of up to 351.7 km/ hour (218.5 mph). The championship has been won by many different teams like. They include McLaren, Ferrari and Williams. Teams can have as many as 600 people. The teams all come together every race weekend. They use the expertise of each member try to win the race. The winning driver and team each get twenty-five points towards the Drivers' and Constructors' Championship. Teams consist of drivers, test drivers, a team principal, mechanics, engineers, and designers. Winning a race is affected by a good starting position, strategy, skill in pitstops and a fast car. The person with the most pole positions (fastest time set in qualifying) during a season gets a trophy. This was added in 2014.
The body that runs Formula One, the FIA. It is based in France. Although Formula One is a 'billion dollar business', a drop in viewership and attendance figures at races has caused the FIA to make rule changes in recent years. These changes are meant to make the races more interesting, so more people watch F1 on television.
Safety
Drivers are paid large salaries to risk their lives every time they drive an F1 car. Like all types of motor racing, the dangers with Formula One are great. Because of this, there are many safety measures. Drivers wear 4 layers of flameproof overalls. They are made of a fire resistant material called Nomex. A drivers helmet must be able to resist an 800 degC flame for at least 45 seconds. They must also resist large G forces. The helmets are very strong. They can be driven over by trucks with no damage being done to them.
Cars
Carbon fibre is the ideal material for the body of Formula One cars. It is light and strong. Because of this, the cars are very expensive to build and repair. The design of cars differs from team to team. Each team has two entries into the championship. This means that each team must built and maintain two cars . F1 currently uses Pirelli tires (5 compounds of slick tyres and 2 compounds of non-slick tyres for wet weather) Differing weather conditions need different tires. Wet weather driving is considered a skill in Formula One.
In 2021, The specifications of an F1 car is 786kg minimum weight, 18 inch wheels and tires. Engines must be 1.6L V6 turbo hybrid intercooled and must reach higher than 3000rpm. The engine must be 4 stroke (Intake, Compression, Combustion and exhaust) and have a 90 degree angle between the V shape.
Recognition

Recognition, or recognize, is when humans or animals know something about the surrounding objects or beings. For example, an animal might recognize another animal as an enemy or friend, dangerous or harmless. These cognitive acts relate to the beings' perception, memory, learning, and experience.
Pattern recognition in software
In computer programs, pattern recognition tries to teach computers to perceive and recognize things as accurately as possible, how people do it or better. Pattern recognition by computers distinguishes objects, images, fingerprints, writing, audio, faces and other things automatically.
Politics
When a country recognizes another country, it means that the first country believes that the second country is legal and has a right to be a country.
Countries that recognize each other have diplomatic relations. That means they send diplomats to each other, and make different kinds of agreements, about trade, international laws and other things.
Kimberly Elise

Kimberly Elise Trammel (born April 17, 1967) is an American movie and television actress. She made her first movie acting in Set It Off in 1996. She got high marks for her performance in the 1998 movie Beloved.
In her career, Elise has appeared in such movies as The Manchurian Candidate (2004), Diary of a Mad Black Woman (2005), For Colored Girls (2010), Almost Christmas (2016) and Death Wish (2018). She received a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead for her performance in the 2004 drama movie Woman Thou Art Loosed. She is a four-time NAACP Image Awards winner.
Elise is a vegan.
Elise was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Hamont-Achel

Hamont-Achel is a municipality in the Belgian province of Limburg.
In 2007, 13863 people lived there.
It is at 51deg 15 North, 05deg 32 East.
Hazelnut

Hazelnuts are nuts of the hazel genus of tree; they are also called cob nuts and filbert nuts. Filbert nuts are more elongated (twice as long as they are round). These nuts fall from their husks when ripe (that is, seven to eight months past pollination). Hazelnuts are oftentimes used as livestock feed or ground into paste. Hazelnut is produced especially in Greece, Turkey, Italy and the U.S. states Washington and Oregon. Hazelnuts are also used alongside chocolate for chocolate truffles. Moreover, hazelnut are rich in proteins and unsaturated fats.
Hazelnuts can also be used to make hazelnut butter.
Hildesheim

is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is in the district of Hildesheim and is about 30 km southeast of Hanover. The city is on the banks of the River Innerste, which is a smaller river that flows into the River Leine. It can be reached from Autobahn A7, which links Kassel, Gottingen and Hanover.
It has about 110,000 people living there.
History
Hildesheim is one of the oldest cities in North Germany. The city may have been founded when the bishop moved from Elze to the Innerste ford, where it was an important market on the Hellweg trade route. The settlement soon grew into a town which was granted market rights by King Otto III in 983. Originally the market was held on a street called Old Market (Alter Markt), which still exists today. The first market place was laid out around Saint Andrew's Church. As the city grew larger, a larger market place became more important. The current market place in Hildesheim was made at the start of the 13th century when the city had a population of about 5,000. When Hildesheim obtained city rights in 1249, it was one of the largest cities in Northern Germany. For four centuries the clergy ruled Hildesheim, before a city hall was built and the citizens gained some influence and independence. Construction of the present City Hall started in 1268, and in 1367 Hildesheim became a member of the Hanseatic League. A war between the citizens and their bishop cost dearly in 1519-1523 when they engaged in a feud. Hildesheim became Protestant in 1542, and only the cathedral and a few other buildings remained in Imperial (Roman Catholic) hands. Several villages around the city remained Roman Catholic as well. In 1813, after the Napoleonic Wars, the town became part of the Kingdom of Hanover, which was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 as a province.
The city was bombed in World War II, but the bombing had little importance in the course of the war. 28.5% of the houses were destroyed and 44.7% damaged. 26.8% of the houses had no damage. The center, which still had its medieval character until then, was almost levelled. As in many cities, priority was given to rapid building of badly needed housing, and concrete structures took the place of the destroyed buildings. Fortunately, most of the major churches, two of them now UNESCO World Heritage Sites, were rebuilt in the original style soon after the war. During the war, valuable world heritage materials had been hidden in the basement of the city wall. In 1978, the University of Hildesheim was founded. In the 1980s a reconstruction of the historic center began. Some of the new concrete buildings near the marketplace were torn down. Replicas of the original buildings were built in their place.
List of women scientists from South America

This is a list of female scientists from South America.
Cheese

Origin
People have been making cheese since before history was written down. It is not known when cheese was first made. It is known that cheese was eaten by the Sumerians in about 4000 BC.
Classification
There are many different ways to classify cheeses. Some ways include:
How long the cheese was aged
The texture of the cheese. These include Hard, Soft and Softer.
How the cheese was made
What type of milk was used to make the cheese. This is mainly what animal the milk comes from, such as cows, sheep, and goats. The diet of the animal can also affect the type of cheese made from its milk.
How much fat is in the cheese
What color the cheese is (common colors are yellow, and white)
There are also man-made foods that some people use instead of cheese. These are called Cheese analogues.
Doric

Doric could mean:
the Doric language of Scotland.
the Doric order, a style of architecture from Ancient Greece.
Doric Greek, or Dorian, a language from Ancient Greece.
Johnson County, Iowa

Johnson County is in the US state of Iowa. Its county seat and main city is Iowa City, where the University of Iowa is. As of 2020, 152,854 people live in this county.
CB Breogán

Club Baloncesto Breogan is a galician basketball team. It was founded in 1966. The team currently plays in league ACB, but in the past the team participated in European competitions.
Major Trophies
LEB Oro (LEB Gold) : 3 (Record)
1998/99, 2017/18, 2020/21
Prince's Cup of Basketball: 3 (Record)
2007/08, 2017/18, 2020/21
Copa Galicia de Baloncesto (Galician League): 14 (Record)
1986, 1987, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2018, 2021, 2022
Current Squad
This is the 2010-11 Breogan's squad.
Ankit Kalsi

Ankit Kalsi (born 26 September 1993) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Himachal Pradesh. He made his first-class debut for Himachal Pradesh against Services in 2014-15 Ranji Trophy season on 7 December 2014. In August 2019, he was named in the India Red team's squad for the 2019-20 Duleep Trophy. He scored a century and a half century in his Duleep Trophy debut.
Single point of failure

When looking at a technical system, a single point of failure is a component that will stop the whole system from working if it fails. Systems that are built for high availability or reliability usually are designed to avoid single point of failures. This is usually done by adding redundancy, which is more than one thing that can do the same work.
Analog

Analog or analogue may refer to:
Computing and electronics
Analog signal, in which information is encoded in a continuous variable
Analog device, an apparatus that operates on analog signals
Analog electronics, circuits which use analog signals
Analog computer, a computer that uses analog signals
Analog recording, information recorded using an analog signal
Functional analog (electronic), a system that fulfills the same function as another
Structural analog (electronic), a system that has the same structure as another
Entertainment
Albums and songs
Analog (album), an album by Eureka Farm
"Analog" (song), a song by Tyler, The Creator, featuring Hodgy Beats, from Goblin
Analogue (album), a 2005 album by A-ha
"Analogue" (All I Want), the title track of the 2005 album by A-ha
Books and magazines
Analog Science Fiction and Fact, a science-fiction magazine
ANALOG Computing, a 1981-1989 magazine about Atari computers
Analogue: A Hate Story, a 2012 visual novel by Christine Love
Other entertainment
Analogue (literature), a literary work that shares motifs, characters or events with another but is not directly derived from it
Analogue (theatre company), British
Analog (TV series), a Canadian television series (1971-1972)
Other
Analogue (company)
Analog Devices, a semiconductor company
Analog (program), a computer program that analyzes log files from web servers
Analogical models, a method of representing a phenomenon of the world by another, more understandable or analyzable system
Functional analog (chemistry), a compound with similar properties
Structural analog, a compound with an altered chemical structure
Substrate analog, a compound that resembles the substrate in an enzymatic reaction
Root analogue dental implant
Paul Kruger

Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger (or just Paul Kruger) (10 October 1825-14 July 1904) was the president of the South African Republic (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Transvaal) from 1883 to 1900. He became famous for leading the Boers against the British at the time of the Second Boer War.
Early life
Kruger grew up on his grandfather's farm. He worked as a commando (a soldier defending farms), and became a respected leader.
First Boer War
In 1877 the British Army took control of Transvaal, and Kruger became the leader of the resistance (the people who wanted to fight British control). On 30 December 1880, the government of the South African Republic (Transvaal) elected (chose) him to be president. In 1881 Kruger negotiated (talked with the enemy) to agree the peace.
Kruger travelled to Europe, where many people respected him.
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War began in 1899, and Kruger had to escape to Europe in October 1900. He moved to Clarens in Switzerland, where he died in 1904. People took his body back to South Africa and buried him in Church Street Cemetery in Pretoria.
Graduate school

A graduate school (or grad school) is a school that gives advanced academic degrees, such as Master's degrees (M.S. or M.B.A.) and Doctoral degrees (Ph.D. or L.L.D. or D.D.S. etc.). A graduate student (or grad student) is a student who has earned a Bachelor's degree and is pursuing additional education in a specific field, though this is not always the case. In British English, the term "postgraduate student" is more common.
A graduate school is not always a separate school.
The term "graduate school" could be confusing because the verb "graduate" is also used to mean completing high school education or earning a Bachelor's degree. The verb is used for all those types of schools, but the meaning of the adjective "graduate" is changed to mean "postgraduate" in the term "graduate school". The small change in meaning can be viewed with an air of sophistication, where experienced students are often more aware of the issue, while novice students might not be aware, as being more naive.
Stephen B. King

Steve King (born July 4, 1941) is an American businessman and Republican Party activist. He is the founder of King Capital LLC, an equity investment and real estate company. He is a former FBI agent.
In 1988, he campaigned unsuccessfully for the Republican U.S. Senate nomination in Wisconsin.
In July 2017, President Donald Trump nominated King to be the next United States Ambassador to the Czech Republic. This nomination was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on October 5, 2017.
Thornton, New Hampshire

Thornton is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States.
Kim Basinger

Kim Basinger (born December 8, 1953) is an American actress and model. She has been in many movies from the 1970s onwards. Basinger was born in Athens, Georgia. She is of English, Scottish, Swedish, Irish and Native American ancestry. Her roles include: Never Say Never Again, The Natural, 9 1/2 Weeks, My Stepmother Is an Alien, Batman, The War of the Roses, L.A. Confidential, 8 Mile and Cellular.
Personal life
Before she was famous, Basinger dated model Tim Saunders, photographer Dale Robinette and football player Joe Namath. She would not have another public attachment until 2014, when she began dating Mitch Stone. Like Snyder and Peters before him, Stone met Basinger while doing her hair on a movie set. The couple wear matching gold bands and have since moved in together.
Koji Maeda

Koji Maeda (born 3 February 1969) is a former Japanese football player.
Murchison meteorite

The Murchison meteorite is named after the place it fell: Murchison, Victoria, Australia. It is large (over 100 kg) and it was seen falling. It is one of the most studied meteorites, since it belongs to a group of meteorites rich in organic compounds, known as carbonaceous chondrites.
On 28 September 1969 at about 10:58 am, a bright fireball was seen. It separated into three fragments before disappearing, leaving a cloud of smoke. About 30 seconds later, a tremor was heard. People found fragments over an area larger than 13 km2, with fragments up to 7 kg. One, weighing 680 g, broke through a roof and fell in hay. The mass is over 100 kg.
The biochemistry
This type of meteorite is rich in carbon. Murchison contains over 15 amino acids. The amino acids found in the Murchison meteorite can be (and have been) synthesised in laboratory experiments. This was done by the action of electric discharge on a mixture of methane, nitrogen, and water with traces of ammonia.
The amino acids were mostly racemic. This means the chirality of their enantiomers are almost equally left- and right-handed. This suggests they are not caused by terrestrial contamination. A complex mixture of alkanes was isolated as well, similar to that found in the Miller-Urey experiment. Serine and threonine, often earthly contaminants, were absent from the samples.
In 1997 research showed that individual amino-acids from Murchison were enriched in the nitrogen isotope 15N relative to their terrestrial counterparts. This confirmed an extraterrestrial source. The organic materials identified included sugar-like compounds (polyols).
Several lines of evidence show that the inside of well-preserved fragments from Murchison are pristine (not contaminated). A 2010 study identified 14,000 molecular compounds (including 70 amino acids) in a sample of the meteorite. There may be 50,000 or more different molecular compositions in the meteorite.
Nucleobases
Measured purine and pyrimidine compounds are in the Murchison meteorite. Carbon isotope ratios for uracil and xanthine show a non-terrestrial origin for these compounds. The results show many organic compounds which are components of life on Earth were already present in the early Solar System. They may have played a role in life's origin.
Simiane-Collongue

Simiane-Collongue is a commune of 5,570 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhone department in the south of France.
Skip E. Lowe

Sammy Labella (June 5, 1929 - September 22, 2014), better known by his stage name Skip E. Lowe, was an American talk show host and actor. He hosted Skip E. Lowe Looks at Hollywood. He appeared in the movies Black Shampoo, The World's Greatest Lover, Cameron's Closet and A-List. Martin Short called him as the inspiration for his character Jiminy Glick.
He died on September 22, 2014, in Los Angeles, from emphysema at the age of 85.
Wembley Central station

The Wembley Central station is a railway (train) station in Wembley, London. It is a transfer station on the West Coast Main Line, London Overground and London Underground Backerloo Line.
History
20 July 1837: London and Birmingham Railway line opened
1842: Station opened as "Sudbury"
5 July 1948: renamed "Wembley Central"
February 2009: Southern services between Milton Keynes and East Croydon stop here (each hour Mon-Sat daytime).
December 2014: London Midland services between London Euston and Tring have been introduced (each hour Mon-Sat daytime).
Babuganj Upazila

Babuganj is an upazila in the Barisal district of Bangladesh.
population
According to the 2011 census, the total population of Babuganj upazila is 14,0361. Of these, 67,586 are males and 72,775 are females. Total families 31.663.
Gay

Gay is a word used to describe someone who is homosexual. Today, the word usually means a person who is sexually attracted to people of the same sex. Often that person is also romantically interested in people of the same sex. A gay person can be a male who likes other males or a female who likes other females.
A person that is attracted to people only of the opposite sex is heterosexual. While a person attracted to people of the same sex and the opposite sex is bisexual.
The word "gay" can mean any homosexual person, but sometimes it is used just for homosexual men. In that case, homosexual women are called "lesbian" instead. Sometimes, people use the word "queer" to mean the same thing as "gay" when talking about sexuality.
In the early 20th century and before, "gay" used to mean 'happy' or 'carefree', but now people use it to define sexuality.
To Live and Die in L.A.

To Live and Die in L.A. is a 1985 American neo-noir action thriller movie set in Los Angeles and was directed by William Friedkin. It stars William Petersen, Willem Dafoe, John Pankow and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Lise Meitner

Lise Meitner (November 7, 1878, Vienna - October 27, 1968, Cambridge) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist. She had a very large role in discovering nuclear fission. She received her doctorate in physics from the University of Vienna in 1906. Her work with two other scientists influenced the discovery and creation of the atomic bomb.
Meitner was of Jewish descent and converted to Lutheranism.
Starting in 1907, Meitner worked with a man named Otto Hahn. She worked with Hahn throughout her entire career. Working together, they completed a lot of work in chemistry. Hahn won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, even though his work had been with her. The reason that she did not win the prize was that she was a woman. She did attend the ceremony though.
In 1914, Meitner volunteered as an X-ray technician in the Austrian army during World War I. Meitner was also the first female professor in Germany. She became a German professor in 1917. Throughout the 1920s, Meitner worked mostly on radiation. She won many prizes and awards. Around 1935, Meitner and Hahn worked together to learn more about uranium. The element Meitnerium is named after her. Later in Meitner's life, she had many discoveries that led to the creation of the atomic bomb. She worked to make possible the atomic bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima but she did not agree the atomic bomb.
Experiences sexism
An encyclopedia editor asked Meitner to write an article about radioactivity. He had read a paper she wrote about the physical aspects of radioactivity. The letter that she got was addressed to "Herr Meitner" (Mr. Meitner). She explained that she was female and the offer was taken away. Meitner followed gender roles later in her career. British physicist Ernest Rutherford visited Berlin Laboratory. During this visit, Meitner spent the day shopping with Rutherford's wife. Meanwhile, the men talked about work. Meitner also had lots of accomplishments. After working with Hahn and investigating behavior of beta rays, she received an appointment in the radioactivity apartment and invited Meitner to join him. Soon after, Max Planck asked Meitner to be an assistant professor and lecture at the institute for theoretical physics. Meitner was the first woman in Germany to be in her position. Many news reporters were drawn to her opening lecture.
Queer anarchism

Queer anarchism is a movement within anarchism that supports LGBT people expressing themselves. The movement is in favor of gay liberation and against homophobia. Notable people advocating queer anarchism were John Henry Mackay, Adolf Brand and Daniel Guerin.
Exclaim!

Exclaim!, is a Canadian music and entertainment magazine with offices in Toronto that offers in-depth coverage of new music in all genres with a concentration on up-and-coming acts from Canada. A total of 103,000 copies of Exclaim!'s monthly print magazines are distributed to more than 2,600 sites across Canada in its seven annual issues. The magazine has an average of 361,200 monthly readers and their website, exclaim.ca, has an average of 675,000 unique visitors a month.
Bob Packwood

Robert William "Bob" Packwood (born September 11, 1932) is an American politician. He was a United States Senator from the state of Oregon from 1969 to 1995. Although a member of the conservative Republican Party, Packwood was a moderate. He voted differently from other members of his party many times.
In 1995, Packwood resigned from the Senate after a sex scandal. He stayed involved in politics as a lobbyist and a political consultant. He lives in a suburb of Portland, with his second wife Elaine. She used to be his chief of staff.
Robert L. Johnson

Robert Louis Johnson (born April 8, 1946 is American entrepreneur, media magnate, executive, philanthropist, and investor.He is the co-founder of BET, which was acquired by Viacom in 2001 . He is also the founder of RLJ Companies which is a holding company that invests in various business sectors .Johnson is the former majority owner of the Charlotte Bobcats.His company is listed d among the most prominent African-American businesses in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries
Early Life and Education
Johnson was born in 1946 in French Camp, California. His mother was a schoolteacher and his father was a farmer . Johnson graduated from the University of Illinois in 1968 with a bachelor's degree in social studies . At the University of Illinois, Johnson became a member of the Beta chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity . He received a master's degree in public affairs from the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University in 1972 .
Personal life
He married Shelia Johnson in 1969 and have 2 children .They divorced in 2001 .Johnson dated Lauren Wooden, who is 33 years his junior, in 2010. As . They married in May 2016 Greg Mathis officiated.
Omar Suleiman (imam)

Imam Omar Suleiman is the Founder and President of the Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research, and an Adjunct Professor of Islamic Studies in the Graduate Liberal Studies Program at SMU (Southern Methodist University). He is also the Resident Scholar at Valley Ranch Islamic Center and Co-Chair Emeritus of Faith Forward Dallas at Thanks-Giving Square.
Fergal Reilly

Fergal Reilly is an Irish-American film director, storyboard artist, voice actor and animator best known for directing the 2016 animated film The Angry Birds Movie.
Kristina Winberg

Kristina Eva Martina Winberg (born 27 May 1965) is a Swedish politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Sweden. She is a member of the Sweden Democrats, part of the Europe for Freedom and Democracy. On 25 May 2014, Winberg was elected to the European Parliament during the 2014 European Parliament election in Sweden.
Ambrì

Ambri is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
Ambri has an ice hockey club, called the HC Ambri-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia".
Óscar Carmona

Antonio Oscar Fragoso Carmona (; 24 November 1869 - 18 April 1951) was a Portuguese Army officer and politician. He was the 96th Prime Minister of Portugal from 1926 to 1928 and 11th President of Portugal from 1926 until his death in 1951.
He also was the Minister of War in late 1923 and in 1926, and he also was the Minister of Foreign Affairs two times in 1926.
The End of the World

"The End of the World" is a song about feeling sad and breakups. The song was released in late 1962, though it did not become a hit until spring of the following year. The song was first performed by Skeeter Davis. It was later recorded by other artists including Nancy Sinatra, Brenda Lee, Johnny Mathis, Loretta Lynn and Anne Murray. In several cases the song had a strong chart play and performance in the United States, United Kingdom and several other areas.
1962 songs
Pop songs
Torch songs
Nancy Sinatra songs
Brenda Lee songs
Johnny Mathis songs
Anne Murray songs
Loretta Lynn songs
Skeeter Davis songs
Lake Preston, South Dakota

Lake Preston is a city in Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 599 at the 2010 census.
Anders Celsius

Anders Celsius (27 November 1701 - 25 April 1744) was a Swedish astronomer. Celsius was born in Uppsala in Sweden. Much of his work was in what was later called Geodesy.
He is more famous for developing the Celsius temperature scale when he worked on meteorology (a science about weather conditions). It later became an the international standard. One of his good friends Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the Fahrenheit scale for the thermometer.
Roy Lichtenstein

Roy Lichtenstein (October 27, 1923 - September 29, 1997) was an American artist. He is famous for his work in the "pop art" style around the late 1950's to early 1960's. He was friends with artist Andy Warhol.
He was born and grew up in New York City. After serving in the United States Army during World War II, he finished his education at Ohio State University and began teaching in colleges.
Lichtenstein was interested in popular culture, including comic books and advertising. He made his art about topics like these. He liked to make his art colorful and with bright lines.
Lichtenstein died of pneumonia, aged 74.
Raymond Allen (actor)

Raymond Gilmore Allen (March 5, 1929 - August 10, 2020) was an American television actor. He was known for his appearances on television during the 1970s. He had roles as Ned the Wino on Good Times, as Woodrow "Woody" Anderson on the NBC sitcom Sanford and Son, and as mechanic Merle the Earl on Starsky and Hutch. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri.
Allen died on August 10, 2020 from respiratory failure in California, aged 91.
Noppenspitze

The Noppenspitze is a rocky mountain in the Allgau Alps. It is high and made of Dolomite. It is in the central part of the Hornbach chain. The Noppenspitze was first climbed on 16 August 1890 by Antony Spiehler and his guide, Johann Schiffer. The Noppenspitze is not climbed very much. According to the summit book in 2006, it was only being climbed about 5 - 15 times per year.
Free Trade Party

The Free Trade Party was an Australian political party from 1889 to 1909. It was officially known as the Australian Free Trade and Liberal Association. It was also called the Revenue Tariff Party in some states and renamed the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. It wanted to remove tariffs (taxes on imports and exports) as well as other restrictions on trade. It argued that free trade would benefit everyone. However, many members also supported some tariffs to raise money for the government.
The party was based in New South Wales, where its leaders were Sir Henry Parkes and Sir George Reid. It was the main party in New South Wales politics before federation.
After the elections for the first Commonwealth Parliament, the Free Traders were the second largest group in the Australian House of Representatives, with 25 seats. Reid became the Parliament's first leader of the Opposition. He later became Prime Minister in 1904-05. The deputy leader of the Free Trade Party was Willima McMillan. Joseph Cook became deputy leader of the party when McMillan retired in 1903.
A separate Tasmanian Revenue Tariff Party took part in the 1903 federal election in Tasmania and won two seats. It joined with the Free Trade Party in federal parliament.
After the question of tariffs had largely been settled, Reid looked around for another cause for his party. He settled on opposition to socialism. He criticised both the Australian Labor Party and the Protectionist Party, led by Alfred Deakin. The Free Trade Party was renamed the Anti-Socialist Party (ASP) before the 1906 federal election. The Labor Party and the FTP/ASP continued to grow in electoral strength. Some Protectionists left the party to join Labor and the ASP.
Reid retired in 1908, and the party leadership passed to Joseph Cook. He agreed to merge with the Protectionists to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party in 1909.
Louise Ellery

Louise Ellery (born 4 January 1977) is an athlete from Australia who has a disability. She competes in a wheelchair. She competes in the shot put. At the 2010 Commonwealth Games, she won a gold medal in F32-34/52/53 Shot put. She went to the 2004 Summer Paralympics and the 2008 Summer Paralympics. She did not win a medal. She is getting ready for the 2012 Summer Paralympics.
Nellie Connally

Idanell Brill Connally (February 24, 1919 - September 1, 2006) was the First Lady of Texas from 1963 to 1969. She was the wife of John Connally, who was Governor of Texas and later as Secretary of the Treasury.
She and her husband were passengers in the Presidential limousine carrying United States President John F. Kennedy when he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963.
Saladin Governorate

Salah ad Din () is a province in north of Iraq. The province has an area of 24,751 km2. The capital is Tikrit where Saddam Hussein was born and 1,147,000 people live in the province. The majority population is Sunni. In 2011, the province declared autonomy.
Friendship (ship)

The Friendship was a convict transport ship in the First Fleet. The First Fleet carried convicts and soldiers to Australia to start a penal colony. The ships left England in May 1787 and arrived in Australia in January, 1788. This was the start of European settlement of Australia. The Friendship was a ship of 278 tons which had been built in Scarborough about 1785. It was under the command of Master Francis Walton. The ship had a contract with the British Government to carry convicts. The owners were paid at a rate of 10 shillings per ton per month until the ship returned to Deptford. They had to agree to keep the prisoners secure and in safe custody.The friendship sunk of the coast of Borneo on the way back to England.
On her return trip with the Alexander, many of the sailors on the Friendship became sick with scurvy. There were not enough sailors fit enough to sail both ships. All the crew went on board the Alexander, and the Friendship was scuttled (sunk) off the coast of Borneo on October 28, 1788.
John Shakespeare

Sir John Shakespeare II (c. 1530-September 1601) was an English nobleman, politician, and knight. He was Sir William Shakespeare's father and husband of Mary Arden.
Sir John Shakespeare II was the son of English nobleman Sir Richard Shakespeare I (1490-1561) and Abigail Webb (1493-1565), John II was named after his paternal grandfather the English politician Sir John Shakespeare I (1460-1521), John II great-grandfather was the English politician Sir Thomas Shakespeare (1430-1511).
Michael W. Young

Michael Warren Young (born March 28, 1949) is an American biologist and geneticist. He has worked over three decades to research studying genetically controlled patterns of sleep and wakefulness within Drosophila melanogaster. He worked at Rockefeller University.
Young is known for the discovery of the timeless and doubletime genes, which makes proteins that are also necessary for circadian rhythm. He was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Jeffrey C. Hall and Michael Rosbash "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm".
Herbert Wahler

Herbert Wahler (born 10 December 1921) is a German centenarian and accused Nazi. He took part of the Einsatzgruppe C and was accused of being involved in the massacre of Jews in Ukraine at Babi Yar. He was added in the list of most-wanted Nazi war criminals in 2018.
In March 2020, the public prosecutor's office said that Wahler would not face charges because of a lack of evidence. He turned 100 in December 2021.
Director

A director is someone who is in charge of something. It can mean slightly different things in different places.
Art director, a position in theatre, movies, television, and related areas
Board of directors, the people in charge of a company
Movie director, the person who controls how a movie is made
Television director, the person who directs different types of television programs.
Theatre director, the person in charge of deciding how a stage play should be performed.
Al Jaffee

Abraham Jaffee (March 13, 1921 - April 10, 2023), known as Al Jaffee, was an American cartoonist. He was known for his work in the satirical magazine Mad, including his trademark feature, the Mad Fold-in. Jaffee was a regular in the magazine after 58 years and was its longest-running contributor. Only one issue of Mad has been published since 1964 without containing new material by Jaffee.
Jaffee was born March 13, 1921 in Savannah, Georgia.
Jaffee died of multiple organ failure on April 10, 2023, at a New York City hospital. He was 102.
The Great Giana Sisters

The Great Giana Sisters is a 1987 platform game known for resembling Nintendo's Super Mario Brothers. The game was developed by Time Warp Productions and published by Rainbow Arts. Due to the game's similarity to Nintendo's Super Mario Brothers, Nintendo threatened the game's makers with a legal action, and the game was removed from stores.
Players control one of two protagonists Giana or Maria. Players defeat enemies and collect gems and powerups in order to increase their score. The player's objective is to advance through each level.
Michael Phelps

Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American swimmer who holds world records in multiple events. Phelps won eight medals at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. Six of those were gold. These medals made him tie the record for medals at a single Olympics. Alexander Dityatin has held this record since 1980. In 2008, Phelps won eight swimming gold medals at the Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. This broke Mark Spitz's record for most gold medals in a single Olympics. Spitz had won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics. At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won another four gold and two silver medals. At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Phelps won five gold medals and one silver.
In total he has won 28 Olympic medals, a record. 23 of these are gold medals, over two times as many as the former record. Phelps is also known as the most decorated olympian in any sport. Currently, Michael Phelps has retired. He did not swim in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.
Phelps was diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) when he was nine.
InfoWars

InfoWars is an American far-right website owned by Alex Jones. It was founded in 1999.
Kempen, Germany

Kempen is a town in Germany. It is about northwest of Dusseldorf, and east of Venlo. It was once a center of textile making, silk, cotton, and linen.
Kempen can also refer to a different town that used to be part of Germany but in 1920 was given to Poland and now has a Polish name.
Misia (Japanese singer)

MISIA (born July 7, 1978 in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Kyushu, Japan) is a Japanese singer who is most popular in Japan. One of her most famous songs is called "Everything". She served as an honorary ambassador on the 10th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP10) and the TICAD V (5th Conference on African Development) .
Börrstadt

Borrstadt is a municipality in the Donnersbergkreis district, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
12 Rounds (movie)

12 Rounds is a 2009 movie. It is directed by Renny Harlin and produced by WWE Films. The actors include John Cena, Steve Harris, Aidan Gillen, and Brian J. White. Filming took place in New Orleans between February 25 and May 12, 2008. It was released in the United States on March 27, 2009.
The Story
The movie follows Danny Baxter (Cena), a New Orleans police detective, as he begins a 12-round battle of wits to recover his kidnapped girlfriend, Janine, from criminal master Miles Jackson III.
Le Perchay

Le Perchay is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Carl Panzram

Carl Panzram (June 28, 1891 - September 5, 1930) was an American serial killer who was hanged for murder. He served time under his own name and various aliases in Fresno, California; Rusk, Texas; The Dalles, Oregon; Harrison, Idaho; Butte, Montana; Montana State Reform School in Miles City; Montana State Prison (as "Jeff Davis" #4194 #3194 and "Jefferson Rhodes" #4396); Oregon State Prison ("Jefferson Baldwin" #7390); Bridgeport, Connecticut ("John O'Leary"); Sing Sing Correctional Facility, New York ("John O'Leary" #75182); Clinton Correctional Facility, New York ("John O'Leary" #75182); and Washington, D.C (Carl Panzram #33379) and Leavenworth, Kansas (Carl Panzram #31614). While incarcerated, Panzram frequently attacked guards and refused to follow their orders. The guards retaliated, subjecting him to beatings and other punishments.
Early life
Panzram was born on June 28, 1892, in East Grand Forks, Minnesota the son of Johann Gottlieb Panzram 1843-1926 and Matilda. He had five other siblings who did not become thieves, but Carl was stealing since he was six years old.
Death
After being sentenced to death for killing Warnke,in response to offers from death penalty opponents and human rights activists to intervene, Panzram wrote, "The only thanks you and your kind will ever get from me for your efforts on my behalf is that I wish you all had one neck and that I had my hands on it."
On September 5, 1930, Panzram was hanged for murder at Leavenworth prison. When asked if had any last words, he snapped back "Hurry it up you Hoosier Bastard. I could kill ten men while you're fooling around!". He was buried in the prison graveyard marked only by his prison number.
During his last imprisonment a prison guard Henry Lesser gave Panzram a dollar to buy cigarettes; Panzram was so surprised by this one act of kindness that in return he wrote his autobiography--making it quite clear that he did not repent at all of the robberies, murders, arsons, and rapes which he had committed-writing a detailed summary of his crimes and nihilistic philosophy. It began with a straightforward statement:
In 1938, Karl Menninger wrote Man Against Himself, including writing about Panzram using the pen name of "John Smith", with Panzram Prison Number # 31614. Lesser preserved Panzram's letters and autobiographical manuscript, then spent the next four decades in search of a publisher willing to print the material. Finally, in 1970, it was released under the title Killer: A Journal of Murder. In 1996, the book formed the basis of a film of the same name, starring James Woods as Panzram and Robert Sean Leonard as Lesser. In 1980, Lesser donated Panzram's material to San Diego State University, where they are housed, as the "Carl Panzram papers", in the Malcolm A. Love Library. In 2012 filmmaker John Borowski released a documentary entitled Carl Panzram: The Spirit of Hatred and Vengeance.
Georgiy Roedov

Georgiy Roedov (; 1 March 1939 - 14 November 2021) was a Russian diplomat. He was Ambassador of the Soviet Union and later Russia to Laos from 1990 to 1993 and Ambassador of Russia to Kyrgyzstan from 1997 to 2002.
Louise Goodman

Louise Goodman is one of two pitlane reporters for ITV's Formula One coverage. Before this she worked in marketing for the Jordan team. She started television broadcast in 1997.
She is said to be the first woman of Formula One live coverage. Louise Goodman has been ITV's roving pitlane reporter since ITV took the broadcast in 1997. She usually does driver interviews, while Ted Kravitz brings news from the teams about technical or tactical matters. She is taller than many F1 drivers, and is known for wearing much jewellery on her arm.
Goodman became the first female to be part of a pit stop when she removed the left rear tire in a Midland pit stop for Tiago Monteiro in 2006 British Grand Prix.
During Q3 in Hungaroring 2006 she interviewed David Coulthard. Coulthard had been knocked out in Q2. She asked him how the cold weather was affecting him. He answered," Ummm...well, it's a lot nicer to look at you in your tight t-shirts first out." Goodman sounded startled when she replied, " Thank you so much DC. I'll have a word with you later." They then went back to the main commentary team who also sounded rather flustered.
In 2007, she became the presenter of ITV's coverage of the British Touring Car Championship. Her co-presenter was Ted Kravitz.
Hillsboro, Maryland

Hillsboro is a town in Caroline County, Maryland, United States.
Dave Smith (comedian)

Dave Smith (born April 20, 1982) is an American stand-up comedian, political commentator, and libertarian. He has appeared on Fox News Channel's Kennedy and The Greg Gutfeld Show. He was also seen on CNN's S.E. Cupp: Unfiltered.
Smith has been seen as a possible candidate for the Libertarian nomination for President of the United States in the 2024 election.
Hapeville, Georgia

Hapeville is a city in Fulton County, Georgia, United States.
Seaworld

SeaWorld is a group of theme parks in the United States. There are dolphins and whales, some of which have been trained to perform for people who watch. There are SeaWorld parks in Orlando, Florida, San Antonio, Texas, and San Diego, California.
Controversy
Human beings have learned more about dolphins and whales since the first SeaWorld was built. People have started to ask whether it is good to keep them in places like SeaWorld. Scientists say that dolphins and whales need much more space and much more time with other dolphins and whales than people used to think they did.
There have also been accidents. Sometimes a whale will attack its human trainer. The mini-series Blackfish told the story of an orca named Tilikum that attacked a trainer named Dawn Brancheau.
People from SeaWorld say that they are doing good things for whales and dolphins by allowing people to see them close up.
RMS Lusitania

The RMS Lusitania was a British Ocean Liner. Built in 1907, the ship is best known for being sunk by Germany.
Many believe the Lusitania was carrying ammunition to British troops when it was torpedoed by a German U-Boat (U-20) early on 7 May 1915 during World War I.
More than a thousand people were on board, including 128 Americans. They were killed when the ship sank. At first President Woodrow Wilson only asked the German government to apologize and compensate the families of the victims.
Two years later, this and other events led to the United States joining World War I on the Allied side.
Ever Anderson

Ever Gabo Anderson (born November 3, 2007) is an American actress and model. She is known for portraying a young "Natasha Romanoff" in the 2021 movie Black Widow.
Gulf of Finland

The Gulf of Finland is a body of water that points east from the Baltic Sea with Finland on its north side and Estonia on its south side. Both Finnish capital Helsinki and Estonian capital Tallinn are at shore of Gulf of Finland. At the bottom of the gulf of Finland is Russia and its most important coast city St. Petersburg.
The water is less salty in the eastern side of the Gulf. This is because the Neva River flows into the Gulf in the east.
Flag of Israel

The flag of Israel has a blue Star of David between two horizontal blue stripes on a white field.
Hubert Markl

Hubert Simon Markl (17 August 1938 - 8 January 2015) was a German biologist. He also served as President of the Max Planck Society from 1996 to 2002.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (25 December 1924 - 16 August 2018) was an Indian politician. He served as the 10th Prime Minister of India for six years from 1998 through 2004. He was also serving as Prime Minister from May 1996 through June 1996. He founded the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Vajpayee was born on 25 December 1924 in Gwalior, United Provinces, British India (now Madhya Pradesh, India). He studied at Victoria College (now Laxmibai College) and at DAV College, Kanpur. Vajpayee was never married and had no children.
Vajpayee, who had dementia and diabetes, died at a New Delhi hospital from multiple organ failure on 16 August 2018, aged 93.