kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Bun

A bun is a type of food made out of bread.
A bun can be either savoury (like a hot dog) or sweet (like a hot cross bun or a bun with icing and a cherry on top).
Analytics

Analytics is the systematic processing of data or statistics and of discovering, interpreting, and communicating significant patterns in data to get meaningful information.
In simple language, analytics is turning raw data into useful one for making better decisions. Analytics uses the application of statistics, computer programming, and operations research to gain information from meanings of data.
Janet Waldo

Janet Waldo (February 4, 1920 - June 12, 2016) was an American actress and voice artist. She worked in movies, television and on radio. She was the voice of and Josie McCoy in Josie and the Pussycats, Judy Jetson, and Penelope Pitstop. Janet played Corliss Archer in CBS' Meet Corliss Archer during the 1930s.
Waldo was born in Yakima, Washington. She died June 12, 2016 from brain cancer at her home in Encino, Los Angeles, California, age 96.
Creep (Radiohead song)

"Creep" is a 1992 debut single from English band Radiohead and is the leading single from their debut studio album Pablo Honey. It takes elements from The Hollies single The Air I Breathe. It went to number 3 in Norway, number 6 in Australia, number 7 in the United Kingdom, number 8 in Belgium, number 13 in the Netherlands and Ireland, number 15 in Austria, number 17 in France, number 18 in Denmark, number 19 in New Zealand, number 30 in Canada and number 34 in the United States.
Track listings
All tracks are written by Radiohead.
Alireza Abbasfard

Alireza Abbasfard () (born 20 October 1981) is an Iranian footballer who currently plays for Naft va Gaz Gachsaran in the Iran 2nd division football league. He previously played for Rah Ahan and Esteghlal. He usually plays in centre forward position.
Club career
He joined Rah Ahan in 2011 under Ali Daei management. In last days of 2013 he joined Malaysian Super League side Sarawak and being first Iranian to play in Malaysian League.
Club career statistics
Last Update 24 Feb 2014
Assist Goals
International career
Scores and results list Iran's goal tally first.
Near-open central vowel

The near-open central vowel is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Yasuharu Sorimachi

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sorimachi was educated at and played for Shimizu Higashi High School and Keio University. At the high school, he won the national high school championship with his teammates Shigeo Sawairi and Tatsuya Mochizuki.
Sorimachi began his senior career with Japan Soccer League side All Nippon Airways in 1987. He helped All Nippon Airways gain promotion to the top flight in 1988. When Japan's first-ever professional league J1 League started in 1992, All Nippon Airways was transformed to Yokohama Flugels for whom he continued to play. While at Flugels, he won the 1993 Emperor's Cup. He moved to Bellmare Hiratsuka in 1994. He helped the club to win the 1994 Emperor's Cup, and the 1995 Asian Cup Winners' Cup.
Sorimachi was capped 4 times for the Japan national team between 1990 and 1991. His first international appearance came on July 27, 1990 in a friendly against South Korea. He also played at 1990 Asian Games.
After retirement, in 2001, Sorimachi signed with J2 League club Albirex Niigata and became a manager. In 2003, the club won the champions and was promoted to J1 League. He resigned end of 2005 season. In July 2006, he became a manager for Japan U-23 national team. He also served as assistant coach for Japan football team under manager Ivica Osim and Takeshi Okada until July 2007. At 2008 Summer Olympics qualifiers, he led U-23 Japan to won qualify for 2008 Summer Olympics. However at 2008 Summer Olympics, Japan lost all 3 matches. In 2009, he signed with his former club Shonan Bellmare (former Bellmare Hiratsuka). In 2009, the club won the 3rd place in J2 and was promoted to J1. However the club finished at the bottom place in 2010 and was relegated to J2 in a year. In 2012, he moved to Matsumoto Yamaga FC which was promoted to J2 from 2012 season. In 2014, the club won the 2nd place and was promoted to J1. However the club was relegated to J2 in a year. In 2018, the club won the champions and was promoted to J1 again. However the club was relegated to J2 in a year and he resigned end of 2019 season.
WTTW

WTTW, virtual channel 11, is the Public Broadcasting Service's (PBS') primary commercial member television station licensed to Chicago, Illinois, United States.
It is owned by not-for-profit broadcasting entity Window to the World Communications, Inc., and it is a sister station to MHz Worldview affiliate WYCC (channel 20) and commercial classical music radio station WFMT (98.7 FM).
The three stations share studios in the Renee Crown Public Media Center, located at 5400 North Saint Louis Avenue (adjacent to the main campus of Northeastern Illinois University) in the city's North Park neighborhood; WTTW and WYCC share transmitter facilities atop the Willis Tower on South Wacker Drive in the Chicago Loop.
WTTW also owns and operates The Chicago Production Center, a video production and editing facility that is operated alongside the three stations.
Pierre Seron

Pierre Seron (9 February 1942 - 24 May 2017) was a Belgian comic book artist. He was born in Chenee, Belgium. He was known for his works in the series Les Petits Hommes (The Little Men), initially in collaboration with journalist Albert Desprechins, began serial publication in Spirou magazine on 7 September 1967, a run continuing into 2004.
Seron died on 24 May 2017 in Nimes, France at the age of 75.
Jack Ingram

Jack Ingram is an American country music singer. His first single on the U.S. country Top 40 chart was "Wherever You Are". That song hit number 63 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Ingram has had six other songs on the country Top 40: "Love You," a cover version of Hinder's "Lips of an Angel," "Measure of a Man," "Maybe She'll Get Lonely," "That's a Man" and "Barefoot and Crazy."
Discography
Studio albums
Jack Ingram (1995)
Lonesome Questions (1995)
Livin' or Dyin' (1997)
Hey You (1999)
Electric (2002)
Young Man (2004)
This Is It (2007)
Big Dreams & High Hopes (2009)
Midnight Motel (2016)
Ridin' High...Again (2019)
The Marfa Tapes (2021)
Abruzzo (Chamber of Deputies constituency)

Abruzzo is a constituency of Italy. It represents the region of Abruzzo. It was created in 1993.
Apsis

In astronomy, an apsis, plural apsides (IPA: //) is the point of greatest or least distance of the elliptical orbit of an astronomical object from its center of attraction, which is generally the center of mass of the system.
The point of closest approach is called the periapsis or pericentre and the point of farthest excursion is called the apoapsis (Greek apo, from, which becomes ap before a vowel, and aph before rough breathing), apocentre or apapsis (the latter term, although etymologically more correct, is much less used). A straight line drawn through the periapsis and apoapsis is the line of apsides. This is the major axis of the ellipse, the line through the longest part of the ellipse.
Similar words are used to identify the body being orbited. The most common are perigee and apogee, referring to orbits around the Earth, and perihelion and aphelion, referring to orbits around the Sun (Greek 'elios helios sun). During the Apollo program, the terms pericynthion and apocynthion were used when referring to the moon.
Perihelion and aphelion
The perihelion is the point in the orbit of an object that is nearest to the Sun. The aphelion is the point in the orbit of an object where it is farthest from the Sun.
All planets, comets and asteroids in our solar system have approximately elliptical (a kind of non-circular) orbits. Thus, they all have a closest and a farthest point from the sun: a perihelion and an aphelion. Orbital eccentricity measures the flatness of the orbit. Any single revolution of a body around the sun is only approximately elliptical, because the precession of the perihelion prevents the orbit from being a simple closed curve such as an ellipse. This causes Milankovich cycles.
Earth comes closest to the sun every year around January 3. It is farthest from the sun every year around July 4. The difference in distance between Earth's nearest point to the sun in January and farthest point from the sun in July is . Earth is about from the Sun in early January, in contrast to about in early July.
When Earth is closest to the Sun, it is winter in the northern hemisphere and summer in the southern hemisphere. Thus it is possible to see that Earth's distance from the Sun does not noticeably cause the seasons to change; the relatively minor effects of differences in distance is somewhat masked by the mainly oceanic southern hemisphere vs the half-continental northern hemisphere. Therefore, the Earth's seasons come and go mainly because Earth does not rotate with its axis exactly upright with respect to the plane of the Earth's orbit around the sun. Earth's axial tilt is 23.5 degrees. This puts the Sun farther south in December and January, so the north has winter and the south has summer. Thus winter falls on that part of the globe where sunlight strikes least directly. Summer falls on that part of the globe where sunlight strikes most directly.
Burkittsville, Maryland

Burkittsville is a town in Frederick County, Maryland, United States.
Charles Vandenhove

Charles, Knight Vandenhove (3 July 1927, Teuven - 22 January 2019, Liege) was a Belgian architect. His company Charles Vandenhove et associes is based in Liege, Belgium. He was known for his work in Belgium, the Netherlands and Paris ranging from the 1950s to the 2010s.
Vandenhove died of pneumonia in Liege on 22 January 2019, aged 91.
Khitan language

Khitan or Khitan language is an extinct language spoken by the Khitan people. It is close to the Mongolic languages.
Scott, Louisiana

Scott is a municipality in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is the second largest municipality in the state. The population grew to over 8,000 according to the 2010 census results.
Scott is a suburb of Lafayette and is part of the Lafayette Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Enchanted forest

An enchanted forest is a magical forest described in books. It is usually described in old tales and folklore. Usually the magic forest has bad effects rather than good ones.
Jeff Foxworthy

Jeffrey Marshall "Jeff" Foxworthy (born September 6, 1958) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, radio, and television personality, author, voice artist, and comedian. He is known for having "Southern humor" and unusual styles of entertainment. He acted in The Jeff Foxworthy Show during the mid 1990s. He has also hosted game shows, hosting Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader? and The American Bible Challenge.
Early life
He was born in Hapeville, Georgia. He is the first child of Jimmy Abstance Foxworthy, an IBM executive, and Carole Linda (Camp) Foxworthy. His parents are of English ancestry. His grandfather, James Marvin Camp, was a fireman in Hapeville for more than 30 years.
1982 State of the Union Address

The 1982 State of the Union Address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 97th United States Congress. It was held on January 26, 1982. The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Reagan's first term.
The speech lasted 40 minutes and 14 seconds. It had 5154 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television.
The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator Donald Riegle (MI), Senator James Sasser (TN), Rep. Albert Gore Jr. (TN), Senator Robert Byrd (W.Va), Senator Edward Kennedy (MA), House Speaker Thomas P. O'Neill III (MA), Senator Gary Hart (CO), Senator Paul Sarbanes (MD), Senator J. Bennett Johnston (LA), and Senator Alan Cranston (CA).
Herbert L. Wilkerson

Herbert Lloyd Wilkerson (October 31, 1919 - October 11, 2021) was a United States Marine Corps major general. He was the commander of the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune during the 1970s. He served during three wars: World War II, Korean War and the Vietnam War.
Wilkerson died on the morning of October 11, 2021 in Greensboro, North Carolina at the age of 101.
Arrondissement of Molsheim

The arrondissement of Molsheim is an arrondissement of France in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region. Its capital is the city of Molsheim.
History
At the 2015 arrondissements reform, the arrondissement of Molsheim was expanded with several communes from the arrondissements of Strasbourg-Campagne and Saverne.
Geography
The arrondissement of Molsheim is in the west of the Bas-Rhin department. It is bordered to the north by the Saverne arrondissement, to the east by the Strasbourg arrondissement, to the southeast by the Selestat-Erstein arrondissement, to the southwest by the Vosges department, to the west by the Meurthe-et-Moselle department and to the northwest by the Moselle department.
The arrondissement of Molsheim has an area of and a population of 103,068 inhabitants for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
Keiko (whale)

Keiko (c. 1976 - December 12, 2003) was a killer whale who played "Willy" in the movie Free Willy in 1993. He was a world-famous whale. He died of pneumonia in 2003.
Sweet Grass County, Montana

Sweet Grass County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 census, there were 3,651 people. Its county seat is Big Timber. The county was created in 1895.
Nielsen Media Research

Nielsen Media Research (NMR) is an American company that measures media audiences (people), including television, radio, theatre films and newspapers.
Fernando de Noronha

Fernando de Noronha () is an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, off the Brazilian coast. It consists of 21 islands and islets, extending over an area of . Only the main island is inhabited. It has an area of and a population estimated at 3,101 in 2020. Most of the archipelago is low-lying, but there are some parts that reach in elevation.
The archpielago is part of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil.
The islands are administratively unique in Brazil. They form a "state district" () that is administered directly by the government of the state of Pernambuco (even though they are closer to the state of Rio Grande do Norte). The state district's jurisdiction also includes the very remote Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, located northeast of Fernando de Noronha. Seventy percent of the islands' area was established in 1988 as a national marine park.
In 2001, UNESCO made it a World Heritage Site because of its importance as a feeding ground for tuna, sharks, turtles, and marine mammals. Its time zone is UTC-02:00 all year round.
Wu Chengzhang

Wu Chengzhang or Woo Cheng-Chang (born 7 May 1924) is a Chinese basketball player. He competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
Wu was part of the China basketball team, which finished 18th in the Olympic tournament. Afterwrads, Wu returned to China, where he played and coached basketball in his hometown of Shanghai until he retired.
Wu is one of China's last remaining 1948 Olympians.
Joe Morgenstern

Joe Morgenstern (born October 3, 1932) is an American Pulitzer Prize-winning movie critic, historian, and journalist for the Wall Street Journal. He was born in Matamoras.
He was raised in New York City, New York. He studied at Lehigh University. He was married to Piper Laurie from 1962 until they divorced in 1982. They had one daughter. He now lives in New York City, New York.
Bad Company (1995 movie)

Bad Company is a suspense thriller from 1995. It is about murder plots, blackmails and romance. Ellen Barkin plays Margaret and Lawrence Fishburne plays Nelson Crowe. This movie got negative reviews from critics when it was released.
Thomas Meunier

Thomas Meunier (born 12 September 1991) is a Belgian football player. He plays as a right-back for Borussia Dortmund and the Belgium national team.
Troy, Montana

Troy is a city in Montana in the United States. It is in Lincoln County. About 900 people lived there in 2010.
The Kootanai River flows along the town.
Tigist Moreda

Tigist Moreda is a retired long-distance runner from Ethiopia. Moreda competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. She was born in 1968.
Janis Carter

Janis Carter (born Janis Elinore Dremann, October 10, 1913 - July 30, 1994) was an American actress. She acted on the stage, in movies, and on television. She appeared in over 30 movies during her career. She played Dorothy Anderson in the movie One Mysterious Night. She also played Peggy in Miss Grant Takes Richmond.
Carter was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She died in Durham, North Carolina after having a heart attack at age 80.
Unit 731

Unit 731 was a biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army. It engaged in lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. It was responsible for some of the most notorious war crimes committed by the armed forces of Imperial Japan. Unit 731 was based in the Pingfang district of Harbin, the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo until 1945 when the Soviet Union invaded it what would be known as The Soviet Invasion Of Manchuria Of 1945 . It was active throughout China and Southeast Asia. Estimates of those killed by Unit 731 and its related programs range up to half a million people killed on the orders of the camp's director Shiro Ishii.
Establishment
It was officially known as the Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army. Originally set up by the military police of the Empire of Japan, Unit 731 was taken over and commanded until the end of the war by General Shiro Ishii, a combat medic officer in the Kwantung Army. The program received generous support from the Japanese government until the end of the war in 1945. Unit 731 and other units operated biological weapon production, testing, deployment, and storage facilities. They routinely conducted tests on human beings (who were internally referred to as "logs"). Additionally, biological weapons were tested in the field on cities and towns in China.
Disestablishment
While Unit 731 researchers arrested by Soviet forces were put on trial, those captured by the United States were secretly given immunity in exchange for the data gathered during their experiments. The Americans coopted the researchers' bioweapons information and experience for use in their own biological warfare program, much as they had done with German researchers in Operation Paperclip.
Ben Schwartz

Benjamin Schwartz (born September 15, 1981) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer and writer. He portrayed the role of Jean-Ralphio Saperstein on the NBC sitcom Parks and Recreation.
Arthroleptidae

The Arthroleptidae is a family of frogs found in sub-Saharan Africa. They are known as squeakers because of their high-pitched call. They are small, less than in length. They live on land mostly in leaf litter on the forest floor. They do not have tadpoles. They lay their eggs on the ground.
Some species hatch already completely metamorphosed into the adult form, others still have tails when they hatch.
Taxonomy
Arthroleptidae is separated into two sub-families: Arthroleptinae and Leptopelinae. Some think these are separate families.
Nomain

Nomain is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,549 people lived there.
Roubion

Roubion is a commune. It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Ermershausen

Ermershausen is a municipality in Hassberge in Bavaria in Germany.
Rock Hill, Missouri

Rock Hill is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States.
Belzoni, Mississippi

Belzoni () is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, United States, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County.
Deductive reasoning

Deduction is one of the two main types of reasoning. The other is induction. In deduction, we apply a general rule to a particular case.
Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion must follow from a set of premises or hypotheses. A deductive argument is valid if the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises.
Aristotle, the first person we know who wrote down laws of deduction, gives this example of deduction:
All men are mortal.
Socrates is a man.
Therefore, Socrates is a mortal.
The first two statements are called "premises". The last statement is called the "conclusion". The conclusion is taken from the premises.
If the conclusion is wrong, then at least one of the premises is wrong
If one of the premises is wrong, the conclusion may also be wrong.
Deductive reasoning is often called "top-down logic", whereas inductive reasoning is called "bottom-up reasoning".
The Shape of Water

The Shape of Water is a 2017 American fantasy drama movie directed by Guillermo del Toro and written by del Toro and Vanessa Taylor. The movie stars Sally Hawkins, Michael Shannon, Richard Jenkins, Doug Jones, Michael Stuhlbarg, and Octavia Spencer. It is set in Baltimore in 1962, the plot is about a mute custodian at a high-security government laboratory who becomes friends with a captured humanoid-amphibian creature.
Many critics declared The Shape of Water del Toro's best movie since Pan's Labyrinth, praising in particular Hawkins's performance.
The movie won two Golden Globes for Best Director and Best Original Score. At the 71st British Academy Film Awards, the movie received 12 nominations, winning Best Movie. The movie won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2018.
The Shape of Water began a limited release in two theaters in New York City on December 1, 2017, before expanding on December 8, 2017, and has grossed $34 million.
Detwiler Fire

The Detwiler Fire was a wildfire in Mariposa County, California. The fire burned 81,826 acres, and was one of the worst wildfires in the 2017 California wildfire season. The fire also destroyed 63 homes.
The fire was first reported on 16 July 2017 at 3:56 PM PST, and was located near Lake McClure. After 3 hours, the fire already burned 1,000 acres and it spread towards the northeast. On 17 July 2017, the fire grew to 7,100 acres. The intense heat and windy conditions made it hard to contain the fire. Governor Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency on 18 July 2017. The Yosemite National Park remained open, but some access roads were closed.
On 21 July, the fire was 15% contained but burned through 74,083 acres. By that point, 58 homes were destroyed. In the next few days, the fire department helped control a big portion of the fire. On 26 July, the fire was 65% contained. The fire finally ended on 10 August, after 25 days of burning.
The fire was caused by firearms, but no more information was released to the public.
Rohullah Nikpai

Rohullah Nikpai (born June 15, 1987) is an athlete from Afghanistan. He won an Olympic bronze medal for taekwondo.
Nikpai started his training in Kabul, Afghanistan, at the age of 10. At the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, Qatar Nikpai was in the flyweight division. He lost to silver medalist Nattapong Tewawetchapong of Thailand in round 16.
Nikpai was in Taekwondo at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He defeated two-time world champion Juan Antonio Ramos of Spain. Winning the bronze medal made him Afghanistan's first Olympic medalist in any event. Afghanistan president Hamid Karzai immediately called to congratulate Nikpai. He also gave him a house paid by the government. "I hope this will send a message of peace to my country after 30 years of war," Nikpai said.
Geldersheim

Geldersheim is a municipality in Schweinfurt in Bavaria, Germany.
Motor neurone disease

Motor neurone disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Lou Gehrig's disease, is a condition that affects the nerves that control movement. It is a chronic and progressive disease, which means that it gets worse over time and eventually leads to death. There is no known cure.
There is a slow but steady death of the nerve cells in the central nervous system making them stop sending messages to the muscles. The disorder causes muscle weakness and muscle shrinking (atrophy) throughout the body. Unable to function, the muscles gradually weaken and waste away. Eventually, the ability of the brain to start and control voluntary movement is lost. However, even patients in later stages of the disease may still have the same intelligence, memory, and personality they had before it started.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common of the five types of motor neurone disease. About 5 to 10% of cases are inherited from a person's parents.
Symptoms
Motor neurone disease does not show many symptoms, making it very hard to diagnose. It usually affects people ages 40-60. The earliest symptoms may include twitching, cramping, or stiffness of muscles; muscle weakness affecting an arm or a leg; slurred and strange-sounding nasal speech; or having a difficult time chewing or swallowing. These general symptoms then develop into clear weakness or atrophy that may cause a physician to believe that a person has ALS.
The parts of the body affected by early symptoms of ALS depend on which muscles in the body are affected first. About 75% of people have limb onset ALS. In some of these cases, symptoms first affect one of the legs, and patients have awkwardness when walking or running or they notice that they are tripping or stumbling more often. Other limb onset patients first see the effects of the disease on a hand or arm as they have a difficult time with simple tasks requiring hand dexterity, or ability to move small things, such as buttoning a shirt, writing, or turning a key in a lock.
About 25% of cases are bulbar onset ALS. These patients first have difficulty speaking clearly. Speech becomes hard to understand and slurred. Speaking through the nose and softer talking are often the first symptoms. Difficulty swallowing, and loss of tongue movement follow. Eventually total loss of speech and ability to keep the airway clear when swallowing are experienced.
Treatment
There is no cure for ALS. However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first drug treatment for the disease: riluzole. Riluzole is believed to reduce damage to motor neurons. Clinical trials with ALS patients showed that riluzole gives a better chance of survival by several months, mainly in those with a hard time swallowing. The drug also allows more time before a patient needs breathing help by a ventilator or tracheotomy. Riluzole does not heal the damage already done to motor neurons.
Other treatments for ALS are designed to make symptoms less painful and improve the quality of life for patients.
Saint-Christol, Vaucluse

Saint-Christol is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Treaty of New Echota

The Treaty of New Echota (7 Stat. 488) was a treaty signed on December 29, 1835, in New Echota, Georgia by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee faction, the Treaty Party.
The treaty of New Echota essentially made the Indians move out of the southeast United States and into Indian Territory. This move was called the Trail of Tears.
Founding Fathers of the United States

The Founding Fathers refers to certain men who lived during the American Revolutionary War era. These men signed the Declaration of Independence, either helped write the Constitution of the United States, or helped win the American Revolutionary War. Many of these men were members of the Continental Congress at some point. The term "Founding Fathers" was first used for these people in 1916.
There were many people who were Founding Fathers. Some scholars like to limit them to a small number, such as seven: George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison.
Most of the Founding Fathers were large landowners or rich merchants. Most of them owned slaves. After the Constitution, many of the Founding Fathers became leaders in the federal government. Five of them, Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, and James Monroe, were later elected president of the United States.
Meghan McCain

Meghan Marguerite McCain (born October 23, 1984) is an American columnist, author, former Fox News contributor, and current co-host of The View. She is the daughter of diplomat Cindy McCain and the late senator John McCain.
Ingrid Roscoe

Dame Ingrid Mary Roscoe, DCVO, FSA (27 May 1944 - 28 June 2020) was an English writer on art. Roscoe was Lord Lieutenant of West Yorkshire from 2004 until 2018. Roscoe was editor-in-chief and co-author of A Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain, 1660-1851, published in November 2009.
Roscoe died on 28 June 2020, aged 76.
Tomáš Jun

Tomas Jun (born 17 January 1983) is a former Czech football player.
Hans Hollein

Hans Hollein (30 March 1934 - 24 April 2014) was an Austrian architect, designer, sculptor and architectural theorist. His best known works were: Museum fur Moderne Kunst and Haas House. He was also the winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1985. He was born in Vienna.
Hollein died from pneumonia on 24 April 2014 in Vienna. He was 80.
Germantown, Maryland

Germantown is an urbanized census-designated place in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. With a population of 90,494 as of 2016 U.S. Census Bureau. Germantown is the third most populous place in Maryland, after the city of Baltimore, and the census-designated place of Columbia.
Louis-Claude Daquin

Louis-Claude Daquin (born in Paris, 4 July 1694; died in Paris, 15 June 1772) was a French composer. He was writing in the last part of the Baroque period and the early part of the Classical music period. He was a virtuoso organist and harpsichordist. He wrote a lot of excellent music for organ and for harpsichord. His most popular piece is called Le Coucou (The Cuckoo).
Haddock

Haddock is a fish that lives in the Atlantic ocean. It only lives in the sea. Haddocks are important fish for the fishing industry. The fish can be easily recognised by a black line on the white side of the fish. Pollock is a fish with reversed coloring, white line on a black background.
KY Cygni

KY Cygni is a red star in the Cygnus constellation. It is one of the largest stars known and with a radius about . If it was placed at the center of the Solar System, it would extend past the orbit of Jupiter (or Saturn). It is also one of the most luminous stars, with about 300,000 or more times the Sun's luminosity. It is about 5,000 light-years away.
Gaara

Gaara is a character in the manga and anime Naruto. He is known as Gaara of the Sand in the Viz translation, and Sabaku no Gaara (Gaara of the Desert) in the original Japanese. Initially he was a bad guy and Naruto's rival. After a while the two develop a bond as kindred spirits and become close friends.
E.P. Thompson

Edward Palmer Thompson (3 February 1924 - 28 August 1993) was an English historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner. He is best known today for his historical work on the radical movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, in particular The Making of the English Working Class (1963).
He was a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain but left it in 1956 but still called himself a Marxist and was an active member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.
Implementation

Implementation is the realization (or making real) of an application, or making real: a plan, an idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy.
Implementation may be:
Implementation (computer science), making real a technical specification or algorithm as a program, software component (or part of software), or other computer system through computer programming and letting the software be used by end users (or customers of the software).
Implementation (political science), carrying out of - or making happen - public policy.
List of endangered languages

A list of endangered languages (with fewer than 1000 speakers or with very fast decline).
In order to judge if a language is actually endangered, the number of speakers is less important than the distribution among age cohorts. There may be 200,000 mother tongue speakers of the Breton language over 50 years of age, but fewer than 2,000 under 25 years of age - thus it is likely Breton will die out in the next half century. On the other hand, while there are 30,000 Ladin language speakers left, almost all children still learn it as their mother tongue - thus Ladin is not endangered in the 21st century.
This page should include a link to the language's page, geographical localization and an approximate number of speakers
Americas
Michif, spoken by fewer than 1,000 people in western Canada
indigenous languages of Canada:
Abenaki, 10 speakers
Beaver, 300 speakers
Cayuga, 360 speakers
Delaware (Munsee), fewer than 10 speakers
Han, few speakers
Hare, 600 speakers
Onandaga, fewer than 100 speakers
Oneida, 200 speakers
Potawatomi, 100 speakers
Sarcee, 10 speakers
Seneca, 25 speakers
indigenous languages of the USA:
Hawaiian language, Hawaii
Asia
Ainu, Northern Japan, 15 speakers
Aramaic, Lebanon, Kurdistan
Chukchi, Siberia, circa 10,400 speakers (2001)
Udmurt, various parts of Russia
Northern indigenous peoples of Russia
Beechistani ,Somewhere in Northern India(Beechistaan), 6 speakers
Sanskrit, Nepal-India, Less than 500 speakers, According to Indian history, Sanskrit is the mother of all Indo-European languages.
Def Jam Vendetta

Def Jam Vendetta is a 2003 professional wrestling video game published by Electronic Arts and developed by AKI Corporation and EA Canada. It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube. Def Jam Vendetta was released on March 31, 2003 in North America, May 23, 2003 in PAL regions, and on August 21, 2003 in Japan. It featured hip hop musicians from the Def Jam Records label as fighters. The engine for the game was first designed for a sequel to EA's WCW Mayhem, but EA lost their WCW license when WCW was bought by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 2001.
Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.9 out of 10. Jon Robinson of IGN said that the multiplayer was "smooth" and "slick". GameSpot rated the game 8.4 out of 10. Alex Navarro of GameSpot said "As a wrestling game, Def Jam Vendetta manages to succeed on most every level, providing surprisingly deep gameplay, quality graphics and sound, and a distinctive atmosphere".
Compulsory sterilization

Compulsory sterilization is a term used for laws that force certain groups of people to be sterilized so that they can no longer make babies. International Criminal Court considers compulsory sterilization for a "crime against humanity". Transgender persons are often obliged to undergo sterilization for legal rocognition of legal status depite the Principle 3 of the Yogyakarta Principles.
Such laws were mainly introduced because of Eugenic views of the start of the 20th century. Today, most compulsory sterilizations are done to mentally ill people who are not able to handle a pregnancy on their own. In China, compulsory sterilization is part of family planning.
Plectrum

A plectrum or pick is a small object used to play certain types of string instruments. The plectrum is held in the hand and used to pluck a string. This makes a hard, metallic, "twangy" sound. The instruments most commonly plucked include the guitar, lute and mandolin. The strings of a harpsichord are also plucked, although the plectra in this instrument are called "jacks". They pluck the string when the player presses a key down.
Montesquieu

Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brede et de Montesquieu (18 January 1689 - 10 February 1755), was commonly known as Montesquieu. He was a French political thinker who lived during the Age Of Enlightenment. He is famous for his theory of the separation of powers in government. Many constitutions all over the world use it. He helped make the terms "feudalism" and "Byzantine Empire" popular.
Political views
Before Montesquieu, the standard feudal system was called "the three estates":
the entire clergy
the aristocracy (the monarch was outside the system of "estates")
the "third estate": the commoners
Montesquieu's radical work divided French people into three classes, or groups: three classes (or trias politica, a term he coined):
the monarchy
the aristocracy
the commons
These should be balanced, so that no one power would be able to overcome the other two, either singly or in combination. This was a radical idea because it eliminated the three estates structure. Montesquieu's ideas are important because they ended the feudalistic structure. They also helped inspire the constitution of many countries, including the United States.
Some of Montesquieu's ideas are still controversial. He believed that women could be leaders in government. But he thought women could not lead a family. He supported a hereditary aristocracy and primogeniture. Hereditary means that the title passes from the parents to the children.
Montesquieu describes an unusual idea in his essays The Spirit of the Laws and Persian Letters. This idea is the climate theory. It says that climate, the weather of a place, influences the nature of man and his society. Montesquieu thought that some climates were better than others. He believed the mild climate of France is the best. He believed people from hot countries are "too hot-tempered". People in cold, northern countries are "icy" or "stiff." The climate in middle Europe therefore breeds the best people. (This view is possibly influenced by similar statements in Germania by Tacitus, one of Montesquieu's favourite authors.)
Montesquieu's philosophy that "government should be set up so that no man need be afraid of another" prompted the creators of the Constitution to divide the U.S. government into three separate branches.
Naturalism (literature)

Naturalism was a 19th century literary movement. It was a development of the realism movement. Realism attempted to show subjects as they actually were, honestly and naturally. Naturalism added scientific elements such as environment and heredity to fictional characters. Unlike realism, naturalism used characters who were of the lower classes. It was also known for themes including taboo and violence. Emile Zola was the best-known writer of the literary school of naturalism. He was joined by other writers such as Gustave Flaubert, and Alphonse Daudet.
2020 Oaxaca earthquake

An earthquake struck the Mexican state of Oaxaca at 10:29 local time on June 23, 2020. It was a magnitude of 7.4 .
The epicenter was from San Miguel del Puerto and south-southwest of Santa Maria Zapotitlan. The quake was felt by a 49 million people in Mexico and Guatemala. Some tremors were felt as far away as .
Thousands of houses in Oaxaca were damaged and 10 deaths were reported. A tsunami warning was issued for southern Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras.
SKV Altenmarkt

SKV Altenmarkt is a women soccer team from Altenmarkt an der Triesting in Lower Austria. It plays in the Planet Pure Frauen Bundesliga, the top league in Austrias women soccer.
History
In 2004 the women's section of SKV Altenmarkt was founded. In the 2008-09 season they became champion of the 2. Frauenliga Ost but lost the relegation versus SC Stattegg. 2010-11 they were promoted to OFB-Frauenliga.
Chambersburg, Pennsylvania

Chambersburg is a borough in and the county seat of Franklin County, in the South Central region of Pennsylvania, United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, Chambersburg's 2010 population was 20,268.
Pando (tree)

Pando (Latin for "I spread out"), also known as the trembling giant, is a colony of aspen trees, in Utah.
The trees that make up the colony are clones: they are genetically identical. The colony is made of about 47.0000 single trees and covers about . The roots of these trees are linked. A single aspen tree will not grow older than 100 to 130 years. New trees will grow, others will die off. The whole organism may be about 80,000 years old. It is the oldest known living organism on Earth.
Humans brought mule deer into the region, which may be a threat to Pando. On the other hand, aspens are resistant to browsing: their leaves contain some unpleasant chemicals. In a study done in the 2000s, scientists analyzed aerial photographs of the region. They found that Pando has not grown in size in the last 30-40 years. Therefore, they say that it may be threatened.
1994 Brazilian general election

General elections were held in Brazil on October 3, 1994. President Fernando Collor of the centre-right National Reconstruction Party (PRN) had resigned during an impeachment trial, causing Vice President Itamar Franco to replace him.
Minister of Finance Fernando Henrique Cardoso, was chosen by the PSDB as their presidential candidate with Chief of Staff Marco Maciel of the Liberal Front Party (PFL) as the running mate.
Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, a former labor leader and federal deputy for Sao Paulo who had narrowly lost the 1989 presidential election, resigned as president of the Workers' Party (PT) to run for a second presidential candidacy.
On election day, Cardoso won by an absolute majority, winning 54.28% of the vote. Cardoso won every state in the northeast. Lula da Silva won 27.04% of the vote. Far-right cardiologist Eneas Carneiro came in third, winning 7.38% of the vote.
Reading, Berkshire

Reading (pronounced: "Redding") is a large town in Berkshire in England. It is the largest settlement in Berkshire. It is home to about 230,000 people. Reading is found in South East England, between London and Bristol. The River Thames goes through the town. Reading replaced Abingdon as the county town of Berkshire in 1867.
History
There is a large statue of a lion in Forbury Gardens, and local legend has it that the sculptor killed himself by jumping off the top because he had sculpted the legs wrong. The lion is a memorial to soldiers from Berkshire who were killed in Maiwand, (Afghanistan) in a war in 1880.
Reading is the home of a school which used to be a Hospital in World War I and World War II. It is named Redlands Primary School.
Madejski stadium is home to the Reading Football Club whose nickname is "The Royals". They are also known as the "Biscuit Men". The stadium was opened on 22 August 1998.
Reading is the largest town in England. Of course, there are larger cities in England but Reading has not been granted city status and it doesn't have a cathedral. Also, Reading is home to the Oracle, a huge shopping centre and a large university named University of Reading.
Reading began life as a Saxon Settlement. Reading was originally called Reada Ingas, which means people of Reada. Reada was a Saxon leader in the area with his tribe in the 6th century.
The Normans built a wooden castle in Reading. It was later replaced by a stone castle. The king then demolished the castle in 1152 fearing it might come into the hands of his enemies.
Reading was an important centre in the medieval period, as the site of Reading Abbey, a monastery with strong royal connections
The Huntley and Palmer's biscuit factory was the biggest in the world in 1914 and one factory was built on Kings Road by George Palmer in 1846.
"The Blade" in central Reading is the tallest building in Reading. It is 86 metres tall. It is visible from many places in the town.
Palmer Park was founded by George Palmer and it has a statue of George Palmer in it. Palmer Park was built for his workers to rest and people still enjoy using the park today.
There is a very famous hospital called The Royal Berkshire Hospital. It was opened in 1839.
Lots of schools in Reading took part in "Beat The Street" in 2015.
Notable people
TV presenter Chris Tarrant (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?) and comedian Ricky Gervais are from Reading, and also actress Kate Winslet, who has a road named after her. Musician Mike Oldfield is also from Reading. Tony Sullivan (local legend) is also a resident in the town. The town has two universities and is famous for its rock festival. Reading is home to Championship football and rugby teams.
Arrow Development

Arrow Development was an amusement ride and roller coaster design and manufacturing company, incorporated in California in November 16, 1945, and based in Mountain View.
Praslin Quarter

Praslin is a Quarter in Saint Lucia. It is in the eastern part of the Caribbean Sea. The capital is Praslin.
Egmore taluk

Egmore taluk is a taluk of the city district of Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was formed in December 2013 from parts of the Egmore-Nungambakkam taluk. It comprises the neighbourhoods of Egmore and Nungambakkam.
Bernardvillé

Bernardville is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Defenestration of Prague

Defenestration of Prague is a term that is used for three different events:
The First defenestration of Prague of 1419
The Second defenestration of Prague of 1618
The murder of Jan Masaryk, of 1948, sometimes called the Third defenestration of Prague
Glossary

A glossary is a list of words and what they mean. They are usually found at the end of a book or report that uses hard words to read or special words. Websites about complicated subjects also sometimes have glossaries.
For example, in a book about philosophy that has the word "epistemology", there might be a glossary at the end of the book with the definition of this word.
Subgroup

In group theory, a branch of mathematics, given a group under a binary operation, a subset of is called a subgroup of if the elements also forms a group under the binary operation.
The situation could arise in which the subset does not comply with the binary operation.
Noreen Nash

Noreen Nash (born Norabelle Jean Roth; April 4, 1924 - June 6, 2023) is an American retired actress. Her first movie role was in the 1943 musical movie Girl Crazy, which starred Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland.
From 2001 until his death, Nash was married to actor James Whitmore.
Nash died at her home in Beverly Hills, California, on June 6, 2023, at the age of 99.
Shiprock

Shiprock is the remains of an extinct volcano in the U.S. state of New Mexico.
Shiprock is composed of fractured volcanic breccia and black dikes of igneous rock. It is the erosional remnant of the throat of a volcano. The exposed rock was probably formed 2,500-3000 feet (750-1,000 meters) below the Earth's surface, but exposed after millions of years of erosion.
Radiometric dating of the rock shows that the volcanic rocks solidified about 27 million years ago. Shiprock is in the northeastern part of the Navajo Volcanic Field. El Capitan in Monument Valley is another prominent volcanic neck in this field.
Brian P. Burns

Brian Patrick Burns (July 12, 1936 - August 12, 2021) was an American businessman, lawyer and philanthropist. He was a well known leader of the Irish-American community. He collected many pieces of Irish art. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and spent his career both in Boston and San Francisco, California.
In December 2016, then President-elect Donald Trump wanted to nominate Burns as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. However, in June 2017, Burns withdrew his name because of his health.
Burns died on August 12, 2021 in Palm Beach, Florida one month after his 85th birthday.