kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (October 22, 1783 - September 18, 1840) was a nineteenth-century polymath. He contributed to botany, zoology, the study of prehistoric earthworks in North America and Mesoamerican ancient linguistics.
Rafinesque was eccentric. People often say he was an "erratic genius". He was an autodidact. He was successful in many things. He was good as a zoologist, botanist, writer and polyglot. He wrote prolifically on such diverse topics as anthropology, biology, geology, and linguistics. Today, scholars say that he was far ahead of his time in many of these fields.
Chocolate brownie

A chocolate brownie (or simply called a brownie) is an American dessert or snack made with chocolate. It is named after the color brown. It tastes like a cross between a cake and a cookie. Unlike other cakes, it is baked without baking powder so it is much thicker. It is normally served cut into squares or rectangles. It can be eaten as a snack, or with ice cream or whipped cream as a dessert.
Origin
There is no clear record of how brownies were first made. They were first made in the late 1880s. The first known recipe for brownies was in the 1897 Sears, Roebuck Catalogue. The most popular story about the origin of the brownie is about a housewife in Bangor, Maine. It says that the house wife forgot to add baking powder to a chocolate cake she was making. The cake did not rise but it was still delicious. Chocolate brownies are also very popular dessert in the United Kingdom.
Types of brownies
There are different types of brownie. They are either chewy or cake-like depending on the recipe. Sometimes nuts or chocolate chips are added, or icing or caramel is put on top. A brownie with brown sugar and no chocolate are sometimes called a blondie. Sometimes, brownies are crackled on top, which means the inside is extra soft.
National Party of Australia – NSW

The National Party of Australia - NSW, also called the NSW Nationals, is the New South Wales branch of the National Party, a centre-right agrarian party in Australia. It is the junior partner in the Coalition with the Liberal Party, which is currently in Opposition. The current leader of the party is Dugald Saunders and its deputy leader is Bronnie Taylor.
Flag of Thailand

The Flag of Thailand has five stripes red, white, and blue. Red-white-blue stand for nation-religion-king, an unofficial motto of Thailand. The flag was made official on 28 September 1917 by a royal decree. The Thai name for the flag is thngaitrrngkh ("Thong Trairong"), which means "tricolour flag".
Fernanda Gritzbach

Fernanda Gritzbach (born 10 January 1984 in Sao Paulo) is a Brazilian volleyball player. She played at the 2003 Pan American Games and 2003 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship.
She played for CV Logrono. In 2019-20, she was MVP of the Iberdrola League.
Biological process

Biology is the science that deals with living things. In general:
Living organisms respond to the stimuli
Living organisms interact with their environment, which includes members of the same and other species.
Living organisms have a metabolism: they take in food which they then convert as energy to perform their daily or day to day activities.
Living organisms reproduce: they give birth to others of the same species, in order to continue their ancestral living. This is not true of all individual organisms. In eusocial organisms, some castes cannot reproduce. But, since the sterile workers are all the products of a single queen, they are one collective.
Many things that appear to be one organism are in fact several living together. An example is lichen. Lichen is a symbiosis between a blue-green algae and fungi. Organisms that live together may not reproduce together, but their life processes are bound up together. They help each other to live.
Examples of biological processes
Physiological process, those processes specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, limbs, and organisms.
Reproduction
Digestion
Response to stimulus: (in terms of movement impulses, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc). In animals, this is mainly the function of the nervous system.
Other processes: cell growth, cellular differentiation, fermentation, fertilisation, germination, tropism, hybridisation, metamorphosis, morphogenesis, photosynthesis, transpiration.
Modern ideas
Modern ideas from molecular biology, cell biology and cybernetics give us more ways of describing biological processes.
Cells and macro-molecules
All life processes on Earth use the chemistry of carbon compounds. In particular, all life uses long-chain molecules such as proteins and nucleic acid. With water, which is essential, the long molecules are wrapped inside membranes to form cells. This is true of all known life.
Systems theory
Living organisms are open systems. The main idea is that the processes serve to keep them alive by homeostasis. They are always changing, but always staying within certain limits as long as they live.
They do this by exchanging materials and information with their environment. They undergo metabolism, maintain homeostasis, possess a capacity to grow, respond to stimuli and reproduce. All of this preserves the individual and its race or species.
Electoral district of Woodridge

Woodridge is an electoral district of Queensland. It was created in 1977.
Woodridge is in Brisbane.
Edgar Whitcomb

Edgar Doud Whitcomb (November 6, 1917 - February 4, 2016) was an American politician. He was the 43rd Governor of Indiana. He served from 1969 to 1973.
Whitcomb was born in Hayden, Indiana. Whitcomb died February 4, 2016 at his home in Rome, Indiana from heart failure at the age of 98.
Vouilly

Vouilly used to be a commune. It is in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it became part of the commune of Isigny-sur-Mer.
Melissa Bell (singer)

Melissa Cecelia Ewen Bell (5 March 1964 - 28 August 2017) was an English singer. From 1993 to 1996, Bell was one of the lead singers of British R&B act Soul II Soul, with whom she released a single titled "Wish". She also created her own band called Soul Explosion, which started in 1999. She also worked with Liza Minnelli, Whitney Houston, and Stevie Wonder.
Early life
A native of London, Bell was of African, and East Indian descent through her Jamaican-born parents. She was a graduate of Southwark College in London Borough of Southwark. She later began working in customer service for Marks and Spencer from 1982 until 1991.
Career
In 1987, she featured on Bobby E and the Midi City Crew's single "Walk on the Wild Side". In 1991, she appeared on the song "The Dancer" from the Bingoboys' album The Best of Bingoboys. She released her debut single "Reconsider" in 1992, which received major radio play. In the same year, she released another single titled "Crystal Clear".
In 1993, Bell joined British musical group Soul II Soul after Jazzie B heard her single "Reconsider" and asked her to join the group. She recorded a single called "Wish", which was released on their greatest hits album Volume IV The Classic Singles 88-93 in 1993. The single peaked at number 24 on the UK Singles Chart. The success of the song invited her to perform the song on Top of the Pops. She continued to record and tour with the group as one of their featured singers. In 1995, she performed lead vocals on the song "Be a Man" on their fourth studio album Volume V: Believe. In 1996, she left the group to continue her solo career.
In 1997, Bell released four singles "Rumbled Sex", "Surrender", "Mixed Up", and "Nothing Gonna Stop Me Now"; which featured Potential Bad Boy. In 1999, she formed a new soul band called Soul Explosion. In 2000, she released two singles "Into My World" and "Love's in Need of Love Today" with a group called Dazz. In 2002, she released another single "(No More) Searching".
In June 2010, she released her autobiography Heart and Soul: The Emotional Autobiography of Melissa Bell.
Personal life
Bell was the mother of four children including singer Alexandra Burke. She suffered from diabetes, a condition which ran in her family. She also suffered kidney failure, and struggled to attend her daughter's live performances during her time on The X Factor. On 29 August 2017, her daughter announced the death of the singer.
South Bay, Florida

South Bay is a city of Florida in the United States.
History
South Bay was created in 1941.
Mujaddid

Mujaddid () in Islam is a reformer who is given the task of removing errors that have occurred among Muslims. Their job is to show people the great religious truths which the Muslim community will be asked to face. According to the popular Muslim tradition, it refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, cleansing it of extraneous elements and restoring it to its pristine purity. In contemporary times, a mujaddid is looked upon as the greatest Muslim of a century.
Ikhtilaf (disagreements) exist among vatious hadith specialists. Scholars and historians like Al-Dhahabi and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani have interpreted that the term mujaddid can also be understood as plural, thus referring to a group of people.
The Arabic word mujaddid means "reformer", "renovator", "reviver", "renewer" or "regenerator". It is someone who revives and renovates the religion. The concept of tajdid (renewal or revival) and the term mujaddid come rather from a hadith, a statement of the Prophet Muhammad. This hadith was written down by Abu Dawood in his Sunan, one of the six authoritative Sunni collections of the Prophet's statements. In this hadith, the Prophet says:
This means reform is in the essential nature of Islam and Muslims are called all the time to work hard to make new ideas cope with tradition. It also means that not everything in the Muslim tradition is useful and good for this modern age; there are certain things that were possible in the past but are no longer relevant today. Slavery would be a prime example.
The concept of tajdid in Islamic thought
Tajdid (renewal) in Islamic thought means renewing the ideology representing the intellectual product of Muslims in the fields of science, knowledge and ijtihad to interpret Islam and understand and explicate its rulings.
Al-Suyuti mentioned in his book Al-Jami' al-Sagheer, "Renewing religion means renewing its guidance, clarifying its truth and precedence, refuting the innovations and extremism presented to its followers or their reluctance in upholding it, and following its rules in managing the interests of the people and the law of society and civilization."
Among the most manifest aspects of tajdid (renewal) in Islamic thought is the renewal of Islamic sciences as follows:
The science of Islamic doctrine.
The Principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
The science of Jurisprudence.
The science of the sunnah.
The science of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir).
The science of Purification and Code of Conduct (Sufism).
The biography of the Prophet and Islamic history.
Mujaddids can include prominent scholars, pious rulers and military commanders.
The reformers in Islam
There is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid. The persons of this list are claimed to be Mujaddid.
While there is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid in Sunni Islam, there is often a popular consensus.
Rhinebeck (village), New York

The Rhinebeck is a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States.
Romance of a Jewess

Romance of a Jewess is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Lawrence, George Gebhardt, and Gladys Egan.
Zdeněk Remsa

Zdenek Remsa (29 December 1928 - 22 June 2019) was a Czechoslovak ski jumper. He was born in Horni Branna. He competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz.
Remsa died on 22 June 2019, at the age of 90.
Nabi Şensoy

Nabi Sensoy (May 25, 1945 - February 7, 2018) was a Turkish politician. He was born in Istanbul. He was the Ambassador of Turkey to the United States.
Sensoy held that office beginning in January 2006. He was recalled to Turkey in October 2007 after the United States criticized Turkey for the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire. He returned to his position shortly afterwards.
Sensoy resigned in December of 2009.
Sensoy died on February 7, 2018 in Izmir, Turkey at the age of 73.
Type

Type may mean:
In philosophy:
A type is a category of being
Type-token distinction
Type theory, basis for the study of type systems
In mathematics:
Type (model theory)
Type or Arity, the number of operands a function takes
Type, any proposition or set in the Intuitionistic type theory
In computing:
Data type, collection of values used for computations
Type (command), a shell command.
Roxxi Laveaux

Nicole Raczynski (born April 19, 1979) is an American former professional wrestler. She is best known for her tenure in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring names Roxxi Laveaux, The Voodoo Queen, and Roxxi. On December 6, Roxx defeated Alexxis in her retirement match. She is also known for her time in Shimmer Women Athletes and various other independent promotions under the ring name Nikki Roxx.
Bunkyū

was a after Man'en and before Genji. This period spanned the years from February 1861 through February 1864. The reigning emperor was .
Events of the Bunkyu era
1861 (Bunkyu 1): Ukai Gyokusen established the first commercial photography studio (Eishin-do) in Edo.
1861 (Bunkyu 1): Great comet of 1861.
January 1862 (Bunkyu 1, 12th month): The Bonin Islands (Ogasawara Islands) were confirmed as part of Japan.
Ratchet & Clank: Up Your Arsenal

Ratchet & Clank: Up Your Arsenal (Ratchet & Clank 3 in Europe, Australia and New Zealand) is a 3D platform/shooter for the PlayStation 2. It was developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony in 2004. It is the third game in the Ratchet & Clank series. It is also the first game to have multiplayer.
Labette County, Kansas

Labette County (county code LB) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 21,607 people lived there. Its county seat is Oswego. Its biggest city is Parsons. The county was named after LaBette creek, the second-biggest creek in the county. The creek was named after French-Canadian fur trapper Pierre LaBette who had moved to the area.
History
In the 1840s, most of the people living in Labette County were Osage people. There were also many Cherokee and Euro-Americans. Many of the Euro-Americans were merchants with Osage or Cherokee wives.
Between 1871 and 1873, at least eleven people disappeared near an inn and general store run by the Bender family in Labette County. After the disappareance of the Benders in 1873, it was found that they had apparently murdered many travelers. Between eight and eleven bodies were found buried at the inn. Governor Thomas A. Osborn offered a reward of $2,000 for anyone who caught the Benders, but they were never found.
Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (1.2%) is water.
Demographics
The Parsons, KS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Labette County.
The 2010 Census says that Labette County had 21,607 people living there. The median age was 41. The race of the people were 85.5% non-Hispanic white, 4.7% African-American, 2.2% Native America, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% non-Hispanics of some other race, 3.6% non-Hispanics reporting two or more races and 4.0% Hispanic or Latino.
Government
Presidential elections
Labette County is mostly Republican. It has a slight Democratic lean to it like many counties in Southeast Kansas. Although Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton both won the county once each, it has become more Republican.
Education
Unified school districts
Cherokee USD 247 (Web site) is a school district of primarily covering portions of Crawford and Cherokee counties, but also includes small portions of Labette and Neosho counties.
M876 motorway

The M876 is a motorway near Stirling and Falkirk, Scotland. It links the M80 and M9 motorways just north of Falkirk. It then carries on and ends near the Kincardine and Clackmannanshire bridges, where the motorway carries on as the A876 and A985. The motorway is long.
Tamil nationalism

Tamil nationalists in both Sri Lanka and the Indian state of Tamil Nadu attempted to create an independent state (Tamil Eelam) amid the increasing political and physical violence against ordinary Tamils by the Sri Lankan government since the pogroms of 1983, known as Black July. After the island's independence from Britain, the Sri Lankan government passed the Citizenship Act of 1948, which made more than a million Tamils of Indian origin stateless.
Faucon-de-Barcelonnette

Faucon-de-Barcelonnette is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.
Seven Lucky Gods

The , commonly called the Seven Lucky Gods in English, refer to the seven gods of good fortune in Japanese mythology and folklore. They are often the subject of netsuke carvings.
Each has a traditional characteristic:
Ebisu, god of fishers or merchants, often shown carrying a cod or sea bass.
Daikokuten (Daikoku), god of wealth, commerce and trade. Ebisu and Daikokuten are often paired and represented as carvings or masks on the walls of small retail shops.
Bishamonten, god of warriors.
Benzaiten (Benten-sama), goddess of knowledge, art and beauty, especially music.
Fukurokuju, god of happiness, wealth and long life.
Hotei, the fat and happy god of abundance and good health.
Jurojin (Gama), god of long life.
Many figures in Japanese myth were transmitted from China (some having entered China from India), including all of the Seven Lucky Gods except Ebisu. Another god, Kichijoten, goddess of happiness, is sometimes found depicted along with the seven traditional gods, replacing Jurojin.
The seven gods are often pictured on their ship, the Takarabune (Bao Chuan ), or "Treasure Ship." The tradition says that the seven gods will arrive in town on the New Year and distribute fantastic gifts to worthy people. Children often receive red envelopes bearing the Takarabune which contain gifts of money around the New Year. The Takarabune and its passengers are often shown in art in different locations, from the walls of museums to cuddly caricatures.
Gachnang

Gachnang is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Bath Spa railway station

Bath Spa railway station is the main railway station in the city of Bath, Somerset, in South West England It's served by First Great Western, South West Trains and CrossCountry. It is on the Great Western Main Line and joins the Wessex Main Line via Bradford-on-Avon.
Future
There are plans to electrify the Great Western mainline, which would make trains faster and bigger, shortening journey times. This will also make the journey a lot quicker and smoother.
Changes to the station
First Great Western has manage Bath Spa. As of 2005, the main building is listed (protected). Building work has taken place at the station, like changes to the building, with the more lifts to the platforms. They also have ticket barriers.
There were other changes in 2011 with a new bus station, and change some of the station car parks into a restaurant complex, costing PS12 million.
Santon

A santon ("little saint") is small, hand painted, terra cotta figurine manufactured in Provencal. These figurines represent characters in the "nativity scene" such as the Holy Family and the Magi. Also represented are traditional characters from 19th century French village life such as the scissors sharpener, the fishwife, the chestnut seller, and the miller. Santons had their origin in the days of the French Revolution when revolutionists forbade large nativity scenes. The production of santons today is a family affair with parents teaching the craft to their children. Santon makers gather in Marseille and other places during the Christmas season to display and sell their products.
World Where You Live

"World Where You Live" is a 1986 song by Crowded House and is the second single from their debut studio album Crowded House. It was their first internationally released single and went to number 43 in Australia.
Track listings
All songs by Neil Finn except "Something So Strong" by Finn and Mitchell Froom and "That's What I Call Love" by Paul Hester and Finn. Tracks on vinyl singles are all from the album "Crowded House" album, except the extended Version of "World where you live", On all formats "That's what I Call love" is 4:22, but the actual tracks are 3:39.
Australian 7" vinyl
Catalogue no: Capitol / CP 1769.
"World Where You Live" - 3:07
"Hole In The River" - 4:02
UK 7" vinyl
Catalogue no: Capitol / CL 416.
"World Where You Live" - 3:07
"That's What I Call Love" - 3:39
UK 12" vinyl
Catalogue no: Capitol / 12 CL 416.
"World Where You Live" (extended version) - 4:36
"Can't Carry On" - 3:57
"That's What I Call Love" - 3:39
UK CD single
Catalogue no: Capitol / CDCL 416. Also available on MC (Capitol/ TC CL 416).
"World Where You Live" (extended version) - 4:36
"Something So Strong" - 2:51
"Don't Dream It's Over" - 4:03
"That's What I Call Love" - 3:39
US 12" vinyl
Catalogue no: Capitol / SPRO-9693/9694. Promotional release.
"World Where You Live" - 3:07
"Mean to Me" - 3:15
"Something So Strong" - 2:51
US Promotional CD singleCatalogue no: Capitol / DPRO 79070. US Promotional CD single.'' Track 2 recorded at Wolfgang's, San Francisco, CA, 9 April 1987. Track 3 recorded at The Trocadero, Philadelphia, PA, 24 March 1987. Track 4 recorded at The Roxy, Los Angeles, CA, 26 February 1987. The "single version" of "World Where You Live" is similar to the album version at 3:07. "World Where You Live" (live) is unique to this release, where both "Something So Strong" and "Don't Dream It's Over" will see official releases on singles to come. On a general note; there are several mix-ups of dates claiming "Don't Dream It's Over" to be from 24/3/1987 and "Something So Strong" to be from 26/2/1987. All "versions" in the 5:55 range of "Don't Dream It's Over" are from 26/2/1987 and "Something So Strong" from 24/3/1987.
U.S. Route 54

U.S. Route 54 (US 54) is an east-west United States highway. It goes northeast-southwest for 1,197 miles (2,115 km) from Griggsville, Illinois to El Paso, Texas. It enters and leaves Texas twice. The Union Pacific Railroad's Tucumcari Line (former Southern Pacific and Rock Island Lines "Golden State Route") go parallel to US-54 from El Paso to Pratt, Kansas. That part makes up about two-thirds of the route.
The highway's eastern endpoint is at Interstate 72 in Griggsville, Illinois. Its western endpoint is El Paso, near the United States-Mexico border.
Eye of the Needle (movie)

Eye of the Needle is a 1981 British spy movie directed by Richard Marquand and starring Donald Sutherland, Kate Nelligan and Christopher Cazenove. Written by Stanley Mann, it is based on the 1978 novel of the same title by Ken Follett.
Plot
The movie is about a deadly German Nazi spy named Henry Faber in the United Kingdom during World War II, who discovers vital information about the upcoming D-Day invasion and his attempt to return to Germany and tell Hitler about it, so that Nazi Germany stops the invasion from happening. While waiting for a German U-boat to pick him up and return to Germany with the top secret information, he is stranded with a family on the isolated (fictional) Storm Island, off the coast of Scotland. There he spends time with a young woman named Lucy, her bitter crippled husband David who was an RAF fighter pilot before his car accident and their toddler son Joe. He develops an intimate relationship with Lucy, but her husband is already suspicious of this new stranger.
Cast
Donald Sutherland as Henry Faber
Kate Nelligan as Lucy Rose
Christopher Cazenove as David Rose
Ian Bannen as Inspector Godliman
Stephen MacKenna as Lieutenant
Philip Martin Brown as Billy Parkin
George Belbin as Lucy's Father
Faith Brook as Lucy's Mother
Barbara Graley as David's Mother
Arthur Lovegrove as Peterson
Barbara Ewing as Mrs. Garden
Patrick Connor as Inspector Harris
David Hayman as Canter
Alex McCrindle as Tom
John Bennett as Kleinmann
Sam Kydd as Lock Keeper
John Paul as Home Guard Captain
Bill Nighy as Squadron Leader Blenkinsop
Jonathan and Nicholas Haley (twins) as Joe (David and Lucy's son)
Allan Surtees as Colonel Terry
Rik Mayall as sailor on train
Production
The Storm Island scenes were shot over eight weeks on the Isle of Mull, in the Inner Hebrides. The rest of the movie was shot in Yateley, Surrey, and in London.
Reviews
The movie got very positive reviews from movie critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, 82% of critics gave the movie positive reviews.
Saint-Julien-de-Briola

Saint-Julien-de-Briola is a commune of 89 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Mammary gland

Mammary glands are the part of the female body designed for the making milk for baby mammals to drink. In humans they are in the breasts. In cows and goats they are called udders.
Pertti Paasio

Pertti Kullervo Paasio (2 April 1939 - 4 April 2020) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was born in Helsinki. Paasio became member of the Parliament in July 1975, however, he lost the seat in the 1979 parliamentary elections. In 1982 he replaced Jacob Soderman in the Parliament and held the seat until he was elected into the European Parliament in 1996.
His father was Rafael Paasio, the 31st Prime Minister of Finland, and his daughter Heli Paasio is a member of the Parliament.
He died on 4 April 2020, two days after his 81st birthday.
127 Hours

127 Hours is a 2010 American biographical drama movie directed by Danny Boyle. It stars James Franco as real-life canyoneer Aron Ralston, who became trapped by a boulder in Blue John Canyon, southeastern Utah, in April 2003. It received positive reviews, especially from Roger Ebert, Richard Roeper, and Peter Travers. It was released on November 12, 2010.
2010 drama movies
British adventure movies
British biographical movies
2010s British drama movies
2010s American adventure movies
2010s American biographical movies
2010s American drama movies
French biographical movies
French drama movies
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in the 2000s
Survival movies
Movies set in Utah
American independent movies
Movies directed by Danny Boyle
Bingham, Maine

Bingham is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States.
Straight from the Heart (Bryan Adams song)

"Straight from the Heart" is a 1983 song by Canadian singer Bryan Adams. It is the leading single from his third studio album Cuts Like a Knife. It went to number 10 in the United States, number 20 in Canada, number 51 in the United Kingdom and number 90 in Australia. They have been versions by Jon English and Bonnie Tyler.
1983 songs
1980s ballads
Bryan Adams songs
Jon English songs
Bonnie Tyler songs
Rock ballads
Fleetwood Mac

Fleetwood Mac are a British-American rock band that formed in London, England in 1967. The group was started by Peter Green. The original group included Mick Fleetwood, John McVie, Jeremy Spencer and Bob Brunning. In 1968 Danny Kirwan joined the band. He was then an 18-year-old guitarist and singer. Peter Green left and, in 1971 was replaced by Christine and John McVie plus Bob Welch. When Welch left he was replaced by Americans Lindsey Buckingham and Stevie Nicks. The band became famous with the release of the album Fleetwood Mac.
Michael Rennie

Michael Rennie (born Eric Alexander Rennie; 25 August 1909 - 10 June 1971) was an English actor. He is best known for his starring role as the space visitor Klaatu in the science fiction movie The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951).
Glory to Hong Kong

Glory to Hong Kong () is a Cantonese song produced during the 2019 Hong Kong protests. Many protestors mentioned that the song is Hong Kong's unofficial national anthem, and it has become a theme song for the movement.
Background
The song was first uploaded onto YouTube on 31 August 2019. It was composed by "Thomas dgx yhl" (a pseudonym), a local musician, and a group of un-named netizens (Internet users). An English version was also produced. An orchestral MV production with chorus was uploaded to YouTube on 11 September 2019.
On 10 September 2019, Hong Kong supporters sung the song for the first time at the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers. On that same night, the song was also sung at dozens of shopping malls all around Hong Kong.
What does the name mean?
The word glory (Rong Guang ) in the song title means honor (Rong ) and brilliance (Guang ).
Sodium manganate

Sodium manganate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Na2MnO4. It contains sodium and manganate ions. It is a bright green solid. It cannot be made by reacting manganese dioxide with sodium hydroxide, like potassium manganate is made. It is made by reacting hot sodium hydroxide with sodium permanganate. This releases oxygen and makes sodium manganate. It is more expensive than potassium manganate because it is harder to make.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service

The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS or FWS) is an agency of the US federal government within the United States Department of the Interior dedicated to the management of fish, wildlife, and natural habitats. The mission of the agency is "working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people."
United States Department of the Interior
United States government agencies
Fishing
Disney Junior (Polish TV channel)

Disney Junior is a British-based Polish pay television preschool channel. It is owned and opeated by The Walt Disney Company Limited.
Leicester Square

Leicester Square (pronounced "Lester" Square) is a pedestrianised square in the West End of London in the City of Westminster.
It about equal distances (about ) east of Piccadilly Circus,and west of Covent Garden. Nearby to the south is the much larger Trafalgar Square.
Prompted by the growth in tourism, Leicester Square was pedestrianised in the late 20th century. It is notable for its cinemas and nightclubs.
Entertainment
Major cinemas
Odeon Leicester Square, which dominates the east side of the square, had the first digital projector in Europe (1999), hosting most premieres with capacity for 1683 people, arranged in circle and stalls.
The adjacent Odeon Mezzanine has five smaller auditoria (capacities of 50-60 each).
Empire, on the north of the Square, is the next-largest cinema, with 1,330 seats in the main screen, as well as eight smaller screens, with 349, 96, 58, 49, 48, 42 and 23 seats. Eight of the screens are digital. The main screen and one smaller one can also play 3D films. Many premieres are hosted here.
Odeon West End, on the south side, contains two screens, which can seat 1,000 altogether. Screen 1 holds 400 people and Screen 2 holds 600. It is used for smaller premieres.
Vue, on the north side, near the north east corner, was previously the Warner Brothers Village, a multiplex that hosted only Warner Bros. film premieres. Together with the rest of the Warner Village chain, it was bought out by Vue in 2004.
Pablo Casado

Pablo Casado Blanco (born 1 February 1981) is a Spanish politician. He was the leader of the People's Party. He was one of the three deputies for Avila in the national Congress of Deputies from 2011 until 2022.
From 2015 to 2018 he also was Vice Secretary-General of Communication of the People's Party (PP). In July 2018, he became the president of the PP. He resigned in April 2022.
Briga Novarese

Briga Novarese is a comune in the Province of Novara in the Piedmont region in Italy.
1991 Halloween Nor'easter

The 1991 Halloween Nor'easter, also known as the Perfect Storm, was an atypical nor'easter which was extratropical, absorbed one hurricane, and ultimately evolved into a small hurricane late in its life cycle. The unnamed hurricane of 1991 was the last tropical cyclone of the 1991 Atlantic hurricane season, and its hurricane. By November 2, Atlantic Canada experienced the effects of a landfalling tropical storm. Damage totaled $208 million (1991 USD) and deaths climbed to 12 people. Most of the damage occurred while the storm was extratropical. The hurricane was the second costliest storm of the season, behind only Hurricane Bob.
Greater Montreal

Greater Montreal () is the most populous metropolitan area in Quebec and the second most populous in Canada after the Greater Toronto metropolitan area. It includes the city of Montreal, the rest of the municipalities on the Island of Montreal that are not part of the city of Montreal, the cities of Laval, Longueuil, Terrebonne, Brossard and Repentigny.
Shure 55SH

The Shure 55SH is a professional cardioid dynamic microphone that has been commonly used in broadcast applications since 1939. Designed by Shure, it has been described as an industry standard microphone, "iconic" for its perfect sound and wide adoption in radio, television, and recording studios. From the 1940s until the end of the 20th century, it maintained its popularity in the professional environment. Shure designed the Unidyne transducer in 1939 and then greatly improved it in 1959, based on research and development by Shure engineer Ernie Seeler.
Background
In 1931, Shure and engineer Ralph Glover began developing Shure's first microphone, and the following year the Model 33N two-button carbon microphone was introduced, making Shure one of only four microphone manufacturers in the US. In 1939, Shure introduced the Unidyne Model 55 microphone, which became one of the most recognized microphones in the world.
In 1941, the United States military contracted Shure to supply microphones during World War II, and by the following year, the T-17B was the most widely used microphone by the United States Army and Navy. Shure also manufactured throat microphones, headsets, and oxygen mask, and adopted the United States military standard for all Shure microphones.
Renato Gaúcho

Renato Gaucho (born 9 September 1962) was a Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Saint-Martin-du-Limet

Saint-Martin-du-Limet is a commune of 493 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Maxfield, Maine

Maxfield is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Made in the A.M.

Made in the A.M. is the fifth studio album by the British-Irish boy band One Direction.
Chedli Klibi

Chedli Klibi (lshdhly lqlyby), (September 6, 1925 - May 13, 2020) was a Tunisian politician. He was Secretary General of the Arab League from March 1979 to September 1990. He was the only non-Egyptian to become Secretary-General.
Klibi became the Tunisian Minister of Cultural Affairs (1961 - 1970, 1971 - 1973, 1976 - 1978) under the chairmanship of Habib Bourguiba, then chief of staff to the president from 1974 to 1976 before being Minister of Information from 1978 to 1979. He also was mayor of Carthage from 1963 to 1990.
Klibi died in Tunis on May 13, 2020, aged 94.
Melvyn Douglas

Melvyn Douglas (born Melvyn Edouard Hesselberg; April 5, 1901 - August 4, 1981) was an American actor. He was known for his role in Ninotchka (1939) with Greta Garbo. He also appeared in Hud (1963) and Being There (1979). He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role in I Never Sang for My Father (1970).
Douglas was one of 24 actors to win the Triple Crown of Acting.
In 1931, Douglas married actress-turned-politician Helen Gahagan.
Nusco

Nusco (Irpino: ) is a town and comune in the province of Avellino (Campania region) in the south of Italy, east of Naples. About 4,100 people lived here. It is near the mountains between the valleys of the Calore Irpino and Ofanto Rivers.
Bray-et-Lû

Bray-et-Lu is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Suicide pact

A suicide pact is a plan of two or more people to kill themselves. People who agree on such a plan may kill themselves together, or they may just plan to do it on a certain schedule together. When studying suicide, suicide pacts are an important concept. Suicide pacts have occurred through history.
Note that a suicide pact is different from mass suicide. In a mass suicide, many people commit suicide for the same reason. In a suicide pact, it might be that one person is suicidal because of romance, and the other is suicidal because of a disease, but they both wish to die.
Noam Chomsky

Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, political activist, author, and lecturer. He is an Institute Professor and professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Linguistics
Chomsky created the theory of generative grammar. This is one of the most important contributions to the field of linguistics made in the 20th century. He also helped start the cognitive revolution in psychology through his review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior. He challenged the behaviorist way of looking at behavior and language. This was the main approach used in the 1950s. His natural approach to the study of language also changed the philosophy of language and mind. He also invented the Chomsky hierarchy, a way of looking at formal languages in terms of their power to explain language.
According to the Arts and Humanities Citation Index in 1992, Chomsky was cited as a source more often than any other living scholar during the 1980-1992 time period. He was the eighth-most cited scholar in any time period.
Politics
In the 1960s he criticized the Vietnam War. Because of that, Chomsky became more widely known for his media criticism and politics. He is a key intellectual figure within the left wing of United States politics. Chomsky is widely known for his political activism, and for his criticism of capitalism and the foreign policy of the United States and other governments. Chomsky often calls himself a libertarian socialist and an anarcho-syndicalist, and he has talked and written extensively on these subjects. He is a member of the Industrial Workers of the World, following his father William Chomsky who was also a member.
In late 2015, Chomsky announced his support for Vermont U.S. senator Bernie Sanders in the upcoming 2016 United States presidential election.
1983 AFC Women's Championship

1983 AFC Women's Championship was held in Thailand from 10 to 17 April.
Results
Group stage
Knockout stage
Third place play-off
Final
SS Edmund Fitzgerald

SS Edmund Fitzgerald was an ore carrier on Lake Superior, carrying iron ore, which sank on November 10, 1975, at around 7:30 p.m. The ship was known for being the biggest of its time, weighing in at around 13,600 tons. The Edmund Fitzgerald was one of the largest "iron boats" working the Great Lakes. Nobody knows how the boat sank; however, it is very possible that the dangerously high weight of its cargo and the violent winds and waves caused the ship to sink. All 29 men aboard the boat died, and to this day, no bodies have been recovered. To remember the men on the S.S. Fitzgerald, a song was written by the Canadian singer Gordon Lightfoot and titled The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald. The song describes the ship itself and touches on some theories on how it may have sunk; interestingly enough, the original song contained the following passage:
When suppertime came, the old cook came on deck sayin Fellas, it's too rough to feed ya. At seven P.M. a main hatchway caved in. He said Fellas, it's been good to know ya
This passage was proven to be false as a dive team sent in to recover the bodies found the main hatch to be in perfect condition. When informed of this, Gordon Lightfoot rewrote the verse to:
When suppertime came, the old cook came on deck sayin Fellas, it's too rough to feed ya. At 7 p.m., it grew dark, it was then he said, Fellas it's been good to know ya.
Kos

Kos is a Greek island, belonging to the Dodecanese island group in the Aegean Sea.
About 30,000 people live on Kos, 16,000 of them in the island capital Kos City in the west of the island.
There is an international airport near Antimachia in the middle of the island and a sea harbour in Kos City.
Kos Island's main industry is tourism. About 300,000 tourists take rooms on Kos every year and a lot of tourists take a one-day trip to Kos from neighboring islands or the Turkish coast. 17 km overseas lies Bodrum, Turkey.
People have lived on Kos since the 15th century BC, maybe longer.
Until the 4th century BC the capital of the island was in the west of it, near Kefalos. After an earthquake it moved to Kos City.
Later the Hellenics, then the Romans and the Byzantines got the island.
The Knights of St. John built great forts on Kos, in Kos City and near Antimachia.
The Turkish took over Kos in 1523.
From 1912 to 1943 the Dodecanese islands belonged to Italy, from 1943 to 1945 to the Germans, and from 1945 to 1946 the British ruled them. Since 1946 they belong to Greece.
The most important tourist attraction is the Askelepsion, an old temple for the Greek god Askelapsios. It was built between the 5th and the 1st century BC.
The physician Hippocrates was from Kos.
Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV

The Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV is a fully-electric, full-sized luxury crossover SUV produced by luxury brand Mercedes-Benz since 2022. It has an optional choice of second and third row seating and goes by the model code 'X296'.
Helen M. Marshall

Helen M. Marshall (September 30, 1929 - March 4, 2017) was an American politician from New York. She was Borough President of Queens from 2002 to 2013.
Marshall died on March 4, 2017 under hospice care in Palm Desert, California, aged 87.
Hypophosphorous acid

Hypophosphorous acid, also known as phosphinic acid, is a chemical compound. It is an acid. It contains hydrogen and hypophosphite ions. Its chemical formula is H3PO2.
Properties
It is a colorless solid. It can absorb water to make an oily liquid. It is a weak acid. It reacts with bases to make hypophosphite salts such as sodium hypophosphite. It is a powerful reducing agent. It breaks down when heated into phosphine and phosphorous acid.
Preparation
It is made by protonation of hypophosphites.
Uses
It can be used as a reducing agent. It is also used to make medicines. It can be used to make illegal drugs, which is why it is restricted. It is used to plate metal on objects without using electroplating.
British Rail Class 22

The British Rail Class 22, originally called the North British Type 2 diesel-hydraulic, was a class of diesel-hydraulic locomotives designed for the Western Region of British Railways and built by North British Locomotive Company. They were very similar in appearance to the Class 21 diesel-electrics. The Class 22 was nicknamed "Baby Warship" because of its similarity to the British Rail Class D20/2.
Fiorello La Guardia

Fiorello Henry La Guardia (sometimes LaGuardia) (pronounced /fi@'reloU l@'gwardi@/; born Fiorello Enrico La Guardia) was Mayor of New York City for three terms from 1934 to 1945. A member of the Republican Party, La Guardia is acclaimed as one of the greatest mayors in American history.
Career
He was elected to Congress in 1916 and 1918, and again from 1922 through 1930. La Guardia is often touted as one of the greatest mayors in American history. Since he was only five feet tall and his first name was Italian for "Little Flower", he was called "the Little Flower" throughout his life. He moved to Arizona with his family, where his father had a bandmaster position at Fort Whipple in the U.S. Army.
La Guardia, a Republican who was liked across party lines, was very popular in New York during the Great Depression. As a supporter of the New Deal, he supported President Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat, and in turn Roosevelt heavily funded the city and cut off patronage from many politicians and establishments who did not support La Guardia. Many people felt that La Guardia improved New York City economically and socially and restored public faith in City Hall.
During his terms, he unified the transit system, directed the building of low-cost public housing, public playgrounds, and parks, constructed airports, reorganized the police force, defeated the powerful political machine Tammany Hall, and improved employment rates in New York City, even during the depression.
In the mid-1940s, there was a newspaper strike in New York City. La Guardia responded to the public clamor by sitting at a radio microphone and describing and reading the Sunday comics to the children of the city. He described the cartoons and portrayed the dialects and accents of the characters. This endeared La Guardia to the electorate and the children of New York and gave him a larger national image.
Personal life
La Guardia's father was a Roman Catholic-turned-atheist, and his mother was Jewish, albeit a non practising one. La Guardia himself was Episcopalian.
La Guardia was a Freemason.
Burlington Airpark

Burlington Airpark is an airport in Burlington, Ontario, Canada. It has two runways. The airport is privately owned by Vince Rossi.
History
The airport was created by Victor and Gwen Kovachik in 1962. It is a very popular airport for Toronto-area pilots.
Runways
The airport's first runway is and is made of asphalt and turf. The second runway is and is made of turf.
Swamp

A swamp is a type of wetland ecosystem. Swamps are forested, low, spongy land generally saturated with water and covered with trees and aquatic plants. Big parts of swamps are often flooded with water. Swamps are nesting and breeding grounds for birds and other animals.
The water of a swamp may be fresh water, brackish water, or seawater. Freshwater swamps form along large rivers or lakes. Saltwater swamps are found along tropical and subtropical coastlines.
About 6 percent of Earth's surface is covered by swamps. Swamps are also filters for groundwater, and protect against flooding. Swamps are one of the key wetland areas which are protected by the international agency Ramsar.
Some well-known swamps are:
The Pantanal is the world's biggest wetland. It covers an area of 140,000 square kilometers, bigger than the area covered by the country Greece. The Panatal is in South America. It is shared by Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
The Everglades
The Okefenokee
The Sundarbans
Peat accumulates in these swamps. Some of the world's largest swamps are found along major rivers such as the Amazon, the Mississippi, and the Congo.
Moonrise (Warriors)

Moonrise is the second book in the second Warriors series: Warriors: The New Prophecy. It was written by Erin Hunter. It was published on 21 July 2005.
It takes place in a fictional forest populated by feral cats who live in groups called Clans. There are four Clans: ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan. The story also takes place in a mountain range populated by a group of cats called the Tribe of Rushing Water, and in a different forest around a lake, as well as the ocean shores.
Plot
Brambleclaw and Squirrelpaw of ThunderClan, Crowpaw of WindClan, Feathertail and Stormfur of RiverClan, and Tawnypelt of ShadowClan are on their way home from a journey. They were on a journey to find a new home for their Clans, because their old home is being destroyed by humans.
On their way back, they go through a mountain range, where they meet the Tribe of Rushing Water. The Tribe is being preyed upon by a mountain lion called Sharptooth. However, their leader, Stoneteller, has received a prophecy that says "a silver cat will save their Tribe." The Tribe takes Stormfur hostage, believing he is the silver cat.
The Clan cats help Stormfur escape from the Tribe, but they end up going back to the Tribe, taking pity on them. Squirrelpaw comes up with the idea of hiding a dead rabbit in a cave, and stuffing it with poisonous berries, so that Sharptooth will eat the rabbit and die. But their plan backfires, and Sharptooth doesn't eat the rabbit. It attacks the Tribe cats, and it corners Crowpaw. It is about to kill him, when Feathertail sacrifices herself for Crowpaw. She jumps onto a sharp stone hanging from the cave ceiling, and impales Sharptooth with it. Sharptooth dies, and the Tribe is saved, but Feathertail also dies.
Meanwhile, back in the Clans, the forest is being destroyed even more by humans, and some Clan cats begin to go missing.