kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Frances McDormand

Frances McDormand (born June 23, 1957) is an American movie, television and stage actress. She won the Academy Award for "Best Actress" for her portrayal of Marge in 1996's Fargo. She was nominated three times for "Best Supporting Actress". McDormand was born in Chicago, Illinois. She is married to Joel Coen since 1984 and has two adopted sons. They currently live in New York City.
Portage, Utah

Portage is a town in Box Elder County, Utah, United States.
Gandalf

Gandalf is a Middle-earth wizard from the books The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings.
Fictional biography
Gandalf the Grey wanted Bilbo Baggins to let him go an adventure with him and the Company of Thorin Oakenshield to take back Erebor from Smaug. Decades later, he would help Bilbo's nephew Frodo bring the One Ring back to the fires of Mount Doom.
Peter Jackson adaptations (2001-2003, 2012-2014)
In the Peter Jackson movie adaptations of both books, Gandalf was played by Ian McKellen. In The Hobbit movies, which were written as a prequel to The Lord of the Rings movies, he figures out that the Necromancer happens to be Sauron.
Reception
His notable quote "You shall not pass" is known for fantasy and literary fans.
Glory Days (Bruce Springsteen song)

"Glory Days" is a 1985 song by Bruce Springsteen and is the fifth single from his seventh studio album Born in the U.S.A.. It went to number 3 in Ireland, number 5 in the United States, number 15 in Belgium, number 17 in Canada, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, number 18 in Italy, number 19 in Switzerland, number 20 in Sweden, number 24 in South Africa, number 25 in Austria, number 27 in Germany, number 29 in Australia and number 34 in New Zealand.
Track listing
"Glory Days" - 4:15
"Stand On It" - 2:30
The B-side of the single, "Stand On It", was a rocker occasionally brought out for encores at concerts. It was a late 1980s hit for country singer Mel McDaniel, and was also featured in the 1986 film Ruthless People and its accompanying soundtrack album.
Super Trucks

Super Trucks Racing (or simply as Super Trucks in Europe and Japan) is an racing game developed by Jester Interactive and published by XS Games exclusively on PlayStation 2. All drivers and sponsorship information are based on the 2001'Super Trucks racing series.
Sangla Hill Tehsil

Sangla Hill is a Tehsil in Pakistan in Nankana Sahib District in the Punjab Province.
Hilario Candela

Hilario Candela (June 4, 1934 - January 18, 2022) was a Cuban-born American architect. He was best known for his design of the Miami Marine Stadium on Virginia Key, Florida. Candela was born in Havana, Cuba. He also helped design the Knight Center Complex and some campuses at the University of Miami and Miami Dade College.
Candela died on January 18, 2022 in Coral Gables, Florida from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 87.
A Visit to the Nursery

A Visit to the Nursery is an oil painting by Jean-Honore Fragonard. It was painted in 1775. It measures . It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. Fragonard is usually remembered for his mildly erotic works. After his marriage in 1769, he painted family life.
Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone

The Hawaii-Aleutian time zone subtracts ten hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-10) and nine hours during daylight saving time (UTC-9).
This time zone is called Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HST) during standard time (Winter). It is called Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Time (HDT) during daylight saving time (Summer).
Places that are in Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone
United States
-Hawaii (No DST)
-Alaska (Western Aleutian Islands west of 169.5 degrees W)
France
Most of french polynesia.
Li Dongying

Li Dongying (; December 14, 1920 - September 22, 2020) was a Chinese metallurgist. He was one of the founders of China's rare metal industry. He was born in Beijing. In December 1980, he co-founded the Chinese Society of Rare Earths (CSRE) in Beijing. In 1995, he was a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
On September 22, 2020, Li died in Beijing at the age of 99.
Keikhosrow Shahrokh

Keikhosrow Shahrokh (Kerman, Iran, 1864 - 1939) was the designer of the mausoleum of Persian poet Ferdowsi in the city of Tus.
As elected representative of the Zoroastrian community, he was an active member of the Iranian parliament. He is best known for his role in the 1925 transition of the official calendar from the Islamic calendar of hejri ghamarei to the Iranian civil calendar, known as hejri shamsi.
Broomall, Pennsylvania

Broomall is a census-designated place (CDP) in Marple Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 10,789 at the 2010 census.
Raymond Setlakwe

Raymond C. Setlakwe, (3 July 1928 - 14 October 2021) was a Canadian businessman, lawyer and Liberal politician. Setlakwe was born in Thetford Mines, Quebec, Canada. He was a member of the Senate of Canada between 2000 until 2003.
Setlakwe died on 14 October 2021, aged 93.
Salama Moussa

Salama Moussa (or Musa; 1887 - 4 August 1958) ( , ) was a notable Egyptian journalist and reformer in the 1920s. He was born in Zagazig. His family was Coptic Christian. Moussa was interested in many areas of science and culture. He strongly believed that human intelligence could create progress and a better life. In 1908, he travelled to Europe and studied literature, philosophy, social and natural sciences. He continued studying these subjects throughout his life.
Language
Moussa belonged to a group of intellectuals who wanted to simplify Arabic and its grammar. They wanted Egyptian Arabic to officially become the Modern Egyptian language. His conservative opponents became angry with him. Standard Arabic had not changed for generations. Most Egyptian people could not read or write that Standard Arabic. Therefore, Moussa and other thinkers said people should write in the common, local Arabic. People still discuss making language simpler and more modern in Egypt. Salama Moussa's writings continue to be popular.
Influence on other writers
Salama Moussa was a mentor of Naguib Mahfouz. Mahfouz was an Egyptian Nobel prize-winner in literature. Moussa told Mahfouz: "You have much talent, but your essays are no good." After that, Mahfouz chose his topics more carefully.
Salama Moussa became seriously ill and died on 4 August 1958.
Gavin de Beer

Sir Gavin Rylands de Beer FRS (1899-1972) was a British evolutionary embryologist. He was Director of the London Natural History Museum, President of the Linnean Society, and received the Royal Society's Darwin Medal for his studies on evolution.
In the First World War he served in the Grenadier Guards. Later, he taught at Oxford University zoology department. In 1938, he was made Reader in Embryology at University College London. During the Second World War de Beer again served with the Grenadier Guards reaching the rank of temporary lieutenant colonel. He worked in military intelligence, propaganda and psychological warfare. Also during the war, in 1940, he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society.
In 1945, de Beer became Professor of Zoology and was, from 1946 to 1949, President of the Linnean Society. Then he was Director of the British Museum (Natural History) from 1950 until his retirement in 1960. He was knighted in 1954, and awarded the Darwin Medal of the Royal Society in 1957.
Boffles

Boffles is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Putnisite

Putnisite is a mineral composed of strontium, calcium, chromium, sulfur, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
It was discovered on the Polar Bear Peninsula in Shire of Dundas, Western Australia in 2007 during mining activity. The mineral was named after mineralogists Andrew and Christine Putnis.
Battle of Kyiv (2022)

The Battle of Kyiv was a military battle that began on 25 February 2022. The battle is part of the Kyiv offensive in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine for control of Kyiv, the capital city of Ukraine.
Grundy County, Missouri

Grundy County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Trenton. In 2020, 9,808 people lived there.
Saint-Quentin, Aisne

Saint-Quentin, Aisne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
1429

1429 was a common year.
Births
17 January - Antonio del Pollaiuolo (d. 4 February 1498), Italian painter
Humanities

The humanities include languages, literature, music, philosophy, politics, history, media, the classics, religion, and the visual and performing arts. Additional subjects sometimes included in the humanities are anthropology, area studies, communications and cultural studies, although these are often regarded as social sciences. It was popular in the Renaissance ages.
The arts are usually considered as part of the humanities. These include visual arts such as painting and sculpture, as well as performing arts such as theatre and dance, and literature. Other humanities such as language are sometimes considered to be part of the arts, for example as the language arts.
The humanities study the human condition and mostly use methods that are analytic, critical, or speculative and not as empirical as natural and social sciences.
Quba Mosque

Quba Mosque is a mosque in Medina. It is the oldest mosque in the world. When Muhammad and his friends were coming to Medina, they stopped over in Kuba. Muhammad started to build the mosque after his friend helped him. Umar II added a minaret and enlarged the mosque. Suleiman the Magnificent destroyed the mosque and rebuilt it.
Basileus

Basileus (Greek: basileus) is a Greek word which means "king" or "monarch" of a country. The title is often used when referring to rulers of the Ancient Greek nations, and was used to refer to the Byzantine emperors. The title was also used to refer to kings of modern Greece. The word can also be used to refer to bishops of the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches.
The feminine forms are basileia (basileia), basilis (basilis), basilissa (basilissa), or the archaic basilinna (basilinna).
Mount Meron

Mount Meron (, Har Meron; , Jabal al-Jarmaq) is a mountain in the Upper Galilee region in the Galilee District of Israel. It is important in Jewish religious tradition and parts of it have been declared a nature reserve. At above sea level, Mount Meron is the highest peak in Israel within its internationally recognized borders, though many peaks in the Golan Heights and Mount Hermon, which was annexed by Israel in 1981, are higher. Mount Meron has the second highest precipitation in Israel after Mount Hermon.
Mario Baudoin

Mario Jorge Baudoin Semanas (September 4, 1942 - May 18, 2019) was a Bolivian biologist and conservationist. He was known for his research in Bolivia and Costa Rica. He was a past director of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia|, the Institute of Ecology at Higher University of San Andres, and the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica.
In the early 1990s, he was involved in the creation of the Servicio Nacional de Areas Protegidas (SERNAP), which led to the 1995 creation of Madidi National Park. He won the 2008 Distinguished Services Award from the Society for Conservation Biology.
Baudoin was born in Sucre, Bolivia. He studied at the City University of New York and at University of Michigan. Baudoin died in La Paz, Bolivia on May 18, 2019 at the age of 76.
Last.fm

Last.fm is a music website from the UK. It started in 2002. It provides Internet radio, and a community for music discussion. It has more than 19 million users.
Bangladesh–Russia relations

Relations between Bangladesh and Russia. Russia has an embassy in Dhaka and Bangladesh has an embassy in Moscow. Diplomatic relations were established on 25 January 1972, when Russia was the Soviet Union.
Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has visited Russia twice to meet with Russian President Vladimir Putin. The first time was in 2009 and then in 2013.
Soviet-era relations
Relations between the Soviet Union and Bangladesh were good in the years immediately after Bangladesh's independence in 1971. The Soviet Union supported Indian actions in aiding the war of liberation, and after the war the Soviet Navy sent a floating workshop to Bangladesh for clearing Pakistani mines from the Chittagong and Chalna harbors. Mujib visited Moscow in 1972, and high-level officials from both countries made numerous reciprocal visits until 1975. The Soviets supported the socialist programs of the Mujib government and its very exceptionally close ties with India. Early Soviet aid was limited, however. During the first four months of its existence, Bangladesh received economic aid worth US$142 million from India, but only US$6 million from the Soviet Union.
It also believed that the Communist Party of Bangladesh was funded and supported in the erstwhile volatile region of the former East Pakistan since then it was part of a United Pakistan itself allied with the United States and the China which were hostile towards rival Soviet Union, the party itself was based on the idealogical principals of Marxism.
Bangladeshi-Soviet relations rapidly improved in 1984 and regained a level of cordiality in the mid- and late 1980s. In 1985 the Soviet Cultural Centre reopened in Dhaka. In 1986 a Soviet special envoy visited Dhaka, and later the Bangladeshi foreign minister visited Moscow. Although Soviet aid to Bangladesh was still small compared with assistance from Japan, the United States, or even China, by 1987 Bangladesh had entered into sixteen different economic accords with the Soviet Union. Soviet assistance has concentrated on the energy sector, especially several power plants at Ghorasal, near Dhaka.
Luciane Maia

Luciane Maia (born 1 April 1988 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian water polo player.
She was part of the Brazilian women's water polo team at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships.
Squaring the circle

Squaring the circle is a problem of geometry. The problem is to construct a square that has the same area as the unit circle, only by using a compass and straightedge construction method. Some people also call this problem the quadrature of the circle.
This is not about a circle with corners like a square. It is a problem like squaring a triangle. It is easy to construct a square with the same area as a triangle. Squaring the circle is related to the other ancient problems which have been proved impossible, squaring the cube and trisecting the angle.
In 1882, Ferdinand von Lindenmann proved that this cannot be done because it is impossible to calculate p exactly, because it is a transcendental number.
Emanuel Marx

Emanuel Marx (8 May 1927 - 13 February 2022) was a German-born Israeli social anthropologist. He was the Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Tel Aviv University. He was a winner of the Israel Prize in 1998 for sociological research. He was an honorary member of the British Royal Anthropological Institute.
Marx died on 13 February 2022 in Tel Aviv, Israel at the age of 94.
Plumpy'nut

Plumpy'Nut is a peanut-based paste wrapped in plastic, used to treat severe malnutrition. It's manufactured by Nutriset, a French company. The paste removes the need for hospitalization, and the 92-gram (3 1/4 oz) packages of it can be eaten at home and allows large numbers of people to be treated.
William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.

William Thaddeus Coleman, Jr. (July 7, 1920 - March 31, 2017) was an American attorney and politician. Coleman was the fourth United States Secretary of Transportation, from March 7, 1975 to January 20, 1977.
Coleman, Jr. died from complications of Alzheimer's disease at his home in Alexandria, Virginia on March 31, 2017, aged 96.
List of Old World monkey species

Old World monkeys are all simian primates. They are more closely related to the apes than they are to New World monkeys.
Valery Rozov

Valery Rozov (December 26, 1964 - November 11, 2017) was a Russian BASE jumper. He was born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
On May 5, 2013, Rozov set a world record when he jumped off Changtse (the north peak of the Mount Everest massif) from a height of 7,220 metres (23,690 ft). He glided down to the Rongbuk glacier more than 1,000 meters below.
Rozov died on 11 November 2017 while jumping from a height of 6,812 meters (22,349 ft) off Ama Dablam mountain in Nepal at the age of 52.
Concepción Province, Chile

The Province of Concepcion () is one of the 4 provinces in the Biobio Region, with capital based in Concepcion, part of the Greater Concepcion conurbation.
River Rouge, Michigan

River Rouge is a city in Wayne County, Michigan, United States.
Michael Gielen

Michael Andreas Gielen (20 July 19278 March 2019) was an Austrian conductor and composer who promoted contemporary music in opera and concert.
He first worked in Vienna and was Generalmusikdirektor (GMD) of the Royal Swedish Opera. He conducted world premieres such as Gyorgy Ligeti's Requiem, Karlheinz Stockhausen's Carre, and Bernd Alois Zimmermann's opera Die Soldaten and his Requiem fur einen jungen Dichter. He directed the Frankfurt Opera from 1977 to 1987. During his era, the company became one of the leading operas.
Gielen was also principal conductor of the Belgian National Orchestra (1969-1973), the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra (1980-1986) and the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra (1986-1999).
Gielen died on 8 March 2019 in Mondsee, Austria from pneumonia, aged 91.
Nasjonal Samling

Nasjonal Samling (Norwegian for "National Gathering" or "National Unity") was a fascist party in Norway, active in the period 1933-1945. The party was founded by Vidkun Quisling and a group of sympathisers. The party's paramilitary wing was called Hirden (the Hird).
Bogogno

Bogogno is a comune in the Province of Novara in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Electoral district of Barron River

Barron River is an electoral district of Queensland. It was created in 1972.
Barron River is in Cairns.
Currency

Currency is the unit of money used by the people of a country or Union for buying and selling goods and services.
Certain currencies are said to be "pegged" or "fixed" to something, usually another currency. A fixed or pegged currency is one that has a constant value compared to what it is pegged to. For example, the Cape Verdian escudo is pegged to the Euro. If the value of the Euro goes up 1% compared to another form of currency, the value of the escudo also goes up 1% compared to that same currency.
Many countries have used systems where their currency was pegged to a commodity rather than to another currency. Most used either gold or silver. When they did this, as the value of gold increased, so did the value of their money. This was called the "gold standard" or "silver standard". Most countries stopped using silver and gold standards in the 20th century.
Some well-known currencies are:
the United States dollar
the Euro
the British pound
Names of different currencies around the world
This list appears in alphabetical order:
Afghani - Afghanistan
Baht - Thailand
Balboa - Panama (U.S. dollar used for paper money)
Birr - Ethiopia
Bolivar - Venezuela
Boliviano - Bolivia
Cedi - Ghana
Colon - Costa Rica
Cordoba - Nicaragua
Crown - Czech Republic (koruna), Denmark (krone), Estonia (kroon), Iceland (krona), Norway (krone), Sweden (krona). See also: British Crown (coin)
Dalasi - The Gambia
Dinar - Algeria, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Serbia, Tunisia
Denar - North Macedonia
Dirham - Morocco, United Arab Emirates, Libya, Qatar, Jordan
Dollar - Many countries, including the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, and others
Dong - Vietnam
Drachma - (Greece--now uses euro)
Dram - Armenia
Escudo - Cape Verde, (Portugal--now uses euro)
Euro
European Union (as an organisation; the euro is not legal tender in every EU country.)
EU members: Austria, Belgium, Estonia, Finland, France (except Pacific territories using CFP Franc), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain.
Countries that have made legal agreements with the EU to use the euro: Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, Vatican City.
Countries that unilaterally use the euro: Montenegro and Kosovo.
Currencies pegged to the euro: Cape Verdian escudo, CFA franc, CFP Franc, Comoran francs, Bulgarian lev, Danish krone, the convertible marka of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Forint - Hungary
Franc
Swiss franc - Switzerland, Liechtenstein.
CFA franc - Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Republic of the Congo,
CFP Franc - France's Pacific territories of New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna.
Comoran francs - Comoros (pegged to the French franc, then the euro).
Djiboutian franc - Djibouti (pegged to the US dollar since 1973).
Formerly using Begian-luxembourgish franc - Belgium, Luxembourg.
Formerly using French franc: Andorra, Monaco, France (including: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and La Reunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon and Mayotte).
Rubik's Revenge

A Rubik's Revenge is a 4x4 Rubik's Cube. It has 24 centers, 24 edges, and 8 corners. It was made by Peter Sebesteny. Unlike the Rubik's Cube, the centers can move to different places.
Ways to solve
There are different ways to solve a Rubik's Revenge. One way is to solve the centers, and then the edges. Then, you can solve it like a 3x3. But, special problems can happen. 2 edges flipped wrong, or 2 sets of edges could be swapped from each other.
These problems are called parity errors. It can still be solved, but special moves must be done to solve it. Another way is to solve the edges first, then the centers. But, it is also possible to get parity errors. There are ways to solve a Rubik's Revenge without getting parity errors. One way is to solve the corners and edges first, then the centers.
Saka

The Sakas were a population of Iranic nomadic tribesmen lived in the plains of Eurasia from Eastern Europe to China, from the Old Persian Period to the Middle Persian Period. Then Turkic language speakers took their place.
The ancient Greeks called the Sakas the Scythians.
Sakas came across the river Indus and overan Sind and Saurashtra (near Gujrat) .They finally settled down in Kathiawar and malwa. They were often in war with the Satavahanas. Rudradaman, one of their best known king was the one who stopped the expansion of Sata ahana power to the north of river Narmada. The Sakas themselves could not expand to the north as they would have liked to, because Kushanas held them back.
Elsie Quarterman

Elsie Quarterman (November 28, 1910 - June 9, 2014) was an American plant ecologist. She was a Professor Emerita at Vanderbilt University. She is known for her work on the ecology of Tennessee cedar glades.
Quarterman was born on November 28, 1910 in Valdosta, Georgia. She earned a B.A. from Georgia State Women's College (now Valdosta State University) in 1932 and earned an M.A. in botany from Duke University in 1943.
She died on June 9, 2014, at the age of 103.
Philipps University of Marburg

The Philipps University of Marburg is the oldest Protestant university of the world. It was founded by Martin Luther's friend Philipp of Hesse in 1527, during the reformation.
Major areas of research at the university are medicine, nano-science, materials science and near eastern studies.
Ramón Escobar Santiago

Ramon Escobar Santiago (14 March 1937 - 8 July 2020) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the People's Party. From 1979 to 1981, he was Vice President of the Diputacion Provincial de Segovia. Escobar Santiago was Mayor of Segovia from 1991 until 1999. He was born in Valencia, Spain.
Escobar Santiago died on 8 July 2020 in Segovia, aged 83.
Ladakh Range

The Ladakh Range is a segment of the Karakoram Range, that extends southeastward for 230 miles (370 km) from the mouth of the Shyok River in the Ladakh region to the Tibetan/Chinese border. With a crest line of about 20,000 feet (6,100 m), the range parallels the northeast bank of the Indus River.
Péreyres

Pereyres is a commune in the Ardeche department and Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region of France.
Didier Queloz

Didier Patrick Queloz (born February 23, 1966) is a Swiss astronomer. He is a professor at the University of Geneva and the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Trinity. He shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics with Michel Mayor and Jim Peebles.
Translation (genetics)

Translation is the second part of protein biosynthesis (the making of proteins). It is part of the process of gene expression.
Before translation comes:
transcription, which produces a chain of introns and exons.
RNA splicing by spliceosomes which remove introns, and
formulation of the messenger RNA from exons.
In eukaryotes, translation happens on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm and in the endoplasmic reticulum. In bacteria, translation happens in the cell cytoplasm: they have no nucleus.
Ribosomes are made of a small part and a large part which surround the mRNA (messenger RNA). In translation, mRNA has the base sequence to make a specific polypeptide. This sequence is originally specified by the DNA, and copied by the mRNA. The polypeptide can be a whole protein. Or, it can be just a part, waiting to be combined with other polypeptides so it can make a whole protein. The polypeptide also has to be folded before it works as a protein.
Amino acids are carried by specific tRNAs with anticodons to connect with mRNA's matching codons. Each tRNA has its own anticodon and carries an amino acid. An anticodon is always together with the same amino acid.
When the tRNA matches with the mRNA, the amino acid that is connected to the tRNA is unconnected from the tRNA and gets connected to the amino acid brought by the previous tRNA.
So, a ribosome works a lot like a stock ticker and ticker tape. Many ribosomes, together with mRNA, will attach themselves to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Any proteins that those ribosomes make go into the inside of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it will probably go into a vesicle later. The vesicles will then bring the proteins to other organelles or even the outside of the cell.
Four stages
Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide).
Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins. In the activation stage, the correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA). When the tRNA is connected to an amino acid, it is "charged".
Initiation is when the small part of the ribosome connects to 5' end of the mRNA with the help of initiation factors (IF).
Elongation is when the amino acids brought by the "charged" tRNAs are connected to each other to form a polypeptide.
Some antibiotics work by keeping translation from happening. Prokaryotic ribosomes are different from eukaryotic ribosomes. So antibiotics can kill bacteria without hurting the eukaryotic host. For example, antibiotics taken by a human might kill the bacteria that is making the human sick but wouldn't hurt the human.
Les Pineaux

Les Pineaux is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Valserhône

Valserhone is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Bellegarde-sur-Valserine, Chatillon-en-Michaille and Lancrans.
Nico Hendrickx

Nico Hendrickx is an archer from Belgium. Hendrickx competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 16 February 1976.
John Loves Mary

John Loves Mary is an American romance movie. It is directed by David Butler. It stars Ronald Reagan, Patricia Neal and Jack Carson. It was released on February 19, 1949.
Avicenna

Ibn Sina (Persian: bn syn; 980 - June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a Persian Muslim polymath and the most important doctor and Islamic philosopher of his time.
He wrote about 450 works on a wide range of subjects, and about 240 have survived, including 150 on philosophy and 40 on medicine.
His most famous works are The Book of Healing - a philosophical and scientific encyclopedia, and The Canon of Medicine - a medical encyclopedia.
He is also known as Pour Sina (), which means "Son of Sina" in English. His full name in Arabic is (). In English, he is usually called Avicenna (), his Latinized name. Among his followers, he was/is known as al-Sheikh al-Ra'is.
Early life
Avicenna was born near Bukhara, which at the time was ruled by Samanid dynasty. His father was a government official and his home served as a meeting place for men of learning. Avicenna had educated teachers while growing up. By age 14, he had mastered many subjects and had already memorized the Quran. From the age of 14 to 18, he taught himself because he could not find a tutor to provide more information than he already knew. He began to practice and learn about medicine at 16. He also learned about law and natural sciences. He was good at all subjects but decided medicine was easier for him than mathematics or metaphysics. Sometime before he turned 18 years old, he cured a Samanid emir. Because of his he was allowed into the royal libraries of the Samanid dynasty. By the age of 18, he had become a master of the most important works of science in his time. Also, his reputation as a doctor had grown. At 20, he was regarded as one of the wisest people of his time.
Writings
Besides philosophy and medicine, Avicenna's works includes writings on astronomy, alchemy, geography and geology, psychology, Islamic theology, logic, mathematics, physics and poetry.
Later life
From 1015 to 1022, Avicenna was a high official and doctor to the ruler of Hamedan in western Iran. After the ruler of Hamedan died Avicenna was put in prison. He was released four months later when Hamadan was captured by Ala al-Dawla, the ruler of Isfahan. Ala al-Dawla only captured Hamadan for a short period of time. Avicenna escaped, disguised as a dervish, to Isfahan to work for Ala al-Dawla as a doctor. In 1030, the Ghaznavids attacked Isfahan and some of Avicenna's work was lost and possibly stolen. He died during an attack on the city of Hamedan.
Murder of Jo Cox

British Member of Parliament for Batley and Spen Jo Cox was killed after being shot and stabbed many times on 16 June 2016. Thomas Alexander Mair, a 53-year-old gardener, was found guilty of the murder in September. He held far-right views and attacked her because she supported the European Union and immigration. He was sentenced to life imprisionment with a whole life order.
This was the first time a sitting MP had been killed since 1990, when Ian Gow was killed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army.
Berdel

Berdel or sibling swapping is a type of marriage where parallel families swap siblings. It does not always have to be a sibling, and sometimes another family members is swapped in exchange for another family member. For example a niece can be exchanged for a parallel family's cousin etc. Sometimes, if the family member swapping is arranged by a family matriarch or patriarch, it is viewed as narcissistic. However if berdel is arranged by a similar aged relative, those marriages are often seen as very safe, and even as a marriage where the well-being is guaranteed through the insurance of the counterpart swapped relative. The reason why berdel marriages or sibling swapping marriages are safer is because the two families already trusted each other before.
Boissey, Ain

Boissey is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in east France.
Sidney Sheldon

Sidney Sheldon (February 11, 1917 - January 30, 2007) was an American screenwriter and novelist. He wrote the screenplays for twenty-three motion pictures including Easter Parade and Annie Get Your Gun. He also created four long-running television series. He is also included in the Guinness Book of Records as, "The Most Translated Author".
Hilterfingen

Hilterfingen is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
Welfare economics

Welfare economics is a field of economics that looks at the problem of allocating resources. It uses techniques from microeconomics to assess general well-being. From this assessment, it tries to find an allocation of productive factors as to desirability and economic efficiency within an economy, often relative to competitive general equilibrium. It analyzes social welfare in terms of economic activities of the individuals that compose the theoretical society considered. Individuals and their economic activities are the basic units for aggregating to social welfare. The aggregation may focus on a group of people, a community, or a society. There is no "social welfare" apart from the "welfare" associated with its individual units.
Welfare economics typically takes individual preferences as given and tries to improve welfare in terms of Pareto efficiency. As an example, social state B is "better" than social state A, if at least one person prefers B and no one else opposes it. Another aspect of welfare treats income/goods distribution, including equality, as a further dimension of welfare.
Social welfare refers to the overall welfare of society. With sufficiently strong assumptions, it can be defined as the sum of the welfare of all the individuals in the society. Welfare may be measured either cardinally in terms of "utils" or dollars, or measured ordinarily in terms of Pareto efficiency. The cardinal method in "utils" is rarely used in pure theory today. Its main problem is that different kinds of "utility" cannot easily be summed up without losing the meaning of the measurement. In applied welfare economics money-value estimates are often used. One example of applied welfare economics is cost-benefit analysis. Money-value estimates are a useful form of measurement where income-distribution effects are factored into the analysis or seem unlikely to change the analysis.
The capabilities approach to welfare argues that freedom - what people are free to do or be - should be included in welfare assessments, and the approach has been particularly influential in development policy circles where the emphasis on multi-dimensionality and freedom has shaped the evolution of the Human Development Index.
Other classifying terms in welfare economics include externalities, equity, justice, inequality, and altruism.
Xiaomi Mi 1

Xiaomi Mi1 is a high-end, Android smartphone produced by Xiaomi. Mi1 uses a Qualcomm Snapdragon S3 dual core, 1.5 GHz as its CPU and an Adreno 220 as its GPU. The device is sold at a price of Y=1999 ($13) in the beginning. When it was released, the device received 300,000+ pre-orders in the first 34 hours.
On 20 December 2011, the company announced a partnership with Chinese telco China Unicom. The plan was to offer one million custom Mi1 models at Y=2699 ($18) at Unicom stores on various two to three-year term contracts.
Specifications
Hardware
The casing of the Xiaomi Mi1 is mostly made from plastic, with SIM card slots located inside. The microUSB port is located at the bottom of the device with the audio jack located at the top of the device. The volume keys were located on the right side of device meanwhile the power key was located at the top of the device. Near the top of the device are a front-facing camera and proximity sensors. The device is widely available in white, pink, blue, yellow, purple and grey color finishes. The device's display is a 4-inch, TFT fingertip touchscreen with a resolution of ~245ppi.
The model is one of two different versions of the Xiaomi Mi1 Xiaomi created before creating the Xiaomi Mi2. The device comes a 1930mAh battery.
Software
The Xiaomi Mi1 ships with Android and Xiaomi's MIUI user experience.
Updates
Updates for the Xiaomi Mi1 is available in three channels: stable, developer and daily. New stable builds are usually available every month with major changes between each update, new developer builds are usually available every week with small but sometimes large features added between each update and new beta builds are usually available every Wednesdays and usually only contain small fixes and optimizations. Beta builds are only available to some beta testers selected on MIUI's community forums. To update between versions, users usually use an over-the-air updater application.
Louis V of France

Louis V (26 February 967 -- 22 May 987) nicknamed the Do-Nothing () was the King of West Francia from 986 until his death a year later in 987. Unlike his father, Louis was an unpopular, ineffective, and an unsuccessful ruler. During his reign, the nobles ruled the country and that their power increased as Louis was not interested in ruling.
Thamnophilus

Thamnophilus is a genus of antbird in the family Thamnophilidae. The species in this genus are commonly known as antshrikes. The Collared Antshrike (Thamnophilus bernardi) is one of the species.
Beryl Wayne Sprinkel

Beryl Wayne Sprinkel (November 20, 1923 - August 22, 2009) was a member of the Executive Office of the US President and chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) between April 4, 1985 and January 21, 1989, during the Reagan administration.
Herbert Ilsanker

Herbert Ilsanker (born May 24, 1967 in Hallein, Austria) is a former professional football player. He played as a goalkeeper. Since 2005 he coaches goalkeeping for FC Red Bull Salzburg.
Career
Ilsanker started his career with his local club, SK Hallein. Then he went to SV Austria Salzburg where he spent most of his active career (1993 to 1998). For Salzburg he played 98 matches. From 1998 until the end of his career in 2001 he played with the German team 1. FSV Mainz 05. His teammate there was Jurgen Klopp, who is now coach of Borussia Dortmund.
Since 2005, Ilsanker has worked as the goalkeeper's coach of FC Red Bull Salzburg. He is the only one in the coaching staff who has been a member since the beginning of FC Red Bull Salzburg. His son Stefan is also a professional football player who plays for FC Red Bull Salzburg.
Carina Hiemink

Carina Hiemink (28 September 1953 - 12 October 2014) was a Dutch volleyball player.
She was a member of the Dutch national team. She played a total of 36 matches witn the national team, including at the 1977 European Championships and the 1978 World Championships.
Hiemink started playing volleybal at high school. On club level she played in the 1970s with Sudosa SFC and Sudosa. She was the captain of the team. She retired in 1982 after a volleyball career of 14 years.
Hiemink was the daughter of a book seller in Assen. She attended the (ALO). She worked at KMBO-Assen. Hiemink had two children. Hiemink died in Assen on 12 October 2014 at the age of 61.
Yi Ui-bang

Yi Ui-bang (, ? - 1174) was a Korean Goryeo dynasty soldier and politician. He was the father-in-law of King Gangjong and grandfather of King Gojong.
Life
In 1170 Yi joined the Goryeo warrior rebellion. In 1174, he was murdered by Jeong Kyun.
His younger brother Yi In was the ancestor of Yi Seonggye, the founder of the Joseon dynasty.
Sinton, Texas

Sinton is a city in and the county seat of San Patricio County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,665 at the 2010 census.
Super Junior

Super Junior (Korean: syupeojunieo), also known as SJ or SuJu is a South Korean boy band, under S.M. Entertainment. It consists of thirteen members, consisting of leader Leeteuk, Heechul, Hankyung, Yesung, Shindong, Sungmin, Eunhyuk, Donghae, Siwon, Ryeowook and Kibum. Kyuhyun joined the group in 2006. Han Geng and Kibum had left SM Entertainment and Super Junior in 2009 and 2015. Kangin left Super Junior voluntarily in 2019 but his exclusive contract with label SJ still remains.
Musical career
They have released nine albums: Super Junior 05 (TWINS) with only twelve members. Kyuhyun joined later during the release of the song "U". They then released with the full set of thirteen members: Don't Don in 2007; Sorry, Sorry in 2009. Sorry, Sorry excludes Kangin due to suspension. In 2010, they released Bonamana which excludes Kangin, Han Geng, and Kibum. Super Junior then released Mr. Simple in 2011; Sexy, Free & Single in 2012; Hero in 2013; Mamacita in 2014 and Devil in 2015.
Super Junior is led by their leader Leeteuk, or Park Jung Su, and has four lead dancers/main dancers: Eunhyuk (main dancer), Shindong (lead dancer), Donghae (main dancer), and Han Geng (lead dancer), and also has five lead singers/main singers: Ryeowook (main singer), Kyuhyun (main singer), Yesung (main singer), Sungmin (lead singer) and Donghae (lead singer). Ryeowook, Kyuhyun, and Yesung belong in a subgroup called Super Junior-K.R.Y. All members except Kibum have been put into these subgroups: Super Junior-T, Super Junior-M, Super Junior-H and Super Junior-Donghae & Eunhyuk.
Super Junior-K.R.Y. sings many slow songs that show-off the voices of the singer.
Super Junior-T sings songs in a trot style.
Super Junior-M sings in Chinese and their main audience is not Korean, but Chinese.
Super Junior-H sing very bright and happy songs.
Since 2011, Sungmin and Kyuhyun had formed dancers position replaced for Han Geng.
Recke

Recke is a municipality in the district of Steinfurt, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Geography
Recke is about north-east of Rheine and north-west of Osnabruck.
Junction City, Kentucky

Junction City is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is in Boyle County.
Fryderyk Buchholtz

Fryderyk Buchholtz (16 May 1792 Olsztynek (Hohenstein, Prussia) - 15 May 1837 Warsaw) was a Polish piano and organ maker.
Life
After he finished studying piano making in Vienna in 1815, Buchholtz came back to Warsaw and founded a piano factory at 1352 Mazowiecka street. One of his pianos was owned by Chopin's family. The composer was also a frequent guest of Bucholtz's home art salon and a factory store. Buchholtz died in 1837, but his wife and later their son Julian continued with the business. Only a small number of pianos made by Buchholtz factory survived until XXI century. In 2017 there was made a replica of a Buchholtz piano, which was later used in the first International Chopin Competition on Period Instruments in 2018.
Muzzano, Piedmont

Muzzano is a comune in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Giant Bible of Echternach

The Giant Bible of Echternach, Echternacher Riesenbibel or Gothaer Riesenbibel is an illuminated Bible from the 11th century. It is written in the Latin language. It was made for the abbot of Echternach sometime between 1051 and 1081. The Bible is in the National Library of Luxembourg (formerly Gotha).
The Giant Bible of Echternach was made at the Abbey Echernach. The abbey is famous for its scriptorium and its illuminated manuscripts from the 11th century.
Scheidegg, Bavaria

Scheidegg is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany. It is a licensed Kneipp cure spa and air health resort.
Protoplasm

Protoplasm is an old term, which means the living substance that makes up a cell. It is no longer much used. Biologists prefer to talk about the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus.
In plant cells, it is surrounded by a cell wall. In animal cells, the whole cell is made of protoplasm, surrounded by a cell membrane. Protoplasm in living beings is made up of about 7580% water. However, this is rather misleading because the cytoplasm is full of structures called organelles, which do various tasks. The endoplasmic reticulum is the largest of these structures; there are many other organelles.
The word "protoplasm" was first used in 1846 by Hugo von Mohl to describe the substance in plant cells, apart from the cell wall, the cell nucleus and the vacuole. After the invention of the electron microscope it was clear that a living cell is much more complicated than von Mohl knew.
Lawal Kaita

Lawal Kaita (4 October 1932 - 2 January 2018) was a Nigerian politician. He was elected on the National Party of Nigeria (NPN) platform as governor of Kaduna State, Nigeria, holding office between October and December 1983. He left office when the Nigerian Second Republic ended with the coup that brought General Muhammadu Buhari to power.
Kaita died on 2 January 2018 of liver failure in Abuja, Nigeria, aged 85.
Alexander Zaitsev (astronomer)

Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev (; 19 May 1945 - 29 November 2021) was a Russian and Soviet radio engineer and astronomer. He worked on radar astronomy technology. His best known works were near-Earth asteroid radar research, and SETI.
Simhadri

Simhadri is a 2003 action drama movie. It was released on 9 July 2003. It became the highest grossing Telugu language movie of 2003.
Captain Tractor

Captain Tractor is a Canadian folk rock band, based in Edmonton, Alberta. They play a punk-influenced variant of Celtic folk music, similar to such bands as Great Big Sea, The Pogues or Spirit of the West. Their songs are often rich in local, cultural, and geographical references.
The band's most famous songs have been renditions of the folk music classics "The Log Driver's Waltz" and "Drunken Sailor", as well as a cover of the Arrogant Worms' "The Last Saskatchewan Pirate". They have also developed a following for their brand of Canadian rock, with singles such as "Up the Hill", "Frozen Puck to the Head", "This Is Not a Sad Song", "Another Drinking Song", and "The Bastard of Strathcona County".
In celebration of the release of the band's sixth album, 'North of the Yellowhead' (2005 Six Shooter Records), Alley Kat Brewing Company released "Captain Tractor's Yellowhead Wheat Ale".
Their seventh studio album, Famous Last Words, was released on May 3, 2011. A live record, Live at the Roxy, was released in 2015.
Band members
The band consists of five men, one woman, and their mascot, a deer named Bucky. The band members are:
Chris Wynters - vocals, guitar, songwriter
Scott Peters - vocals, mandolin, guitar, bodhran, songwriter, driver
Jules Mounteer - drums, percussion, driver
Jon Nordstrom - bass, trumpet, guitar, vocals, songwriter. Joined before "Hat Trick".
Jason Kodie - keyboards, vocals, musical restraint. Joined before "North of the Yellowhead".
Shannon Johnson - Fiddle, Vocals
Former members include:
Aimee Hill - flute, vocals. Left after "East of Edson".
Jeff Smook - bass, vocals, songwriter. Left after "Bought the Farm".
Brock Skywalker - accordion, flute, guitar, bodhran, penny whistle, harmonica, mandolin, keyboards, vocals, songwriter. Left just before "North of the Yellowhead".
Discography
Captain Tractor has released seven albums:
Land (1994)
East of Edson (1995)
Bought the Farm (1997)
Hat Trick (1998)
Celebrity Traffic Jam (1999)
Hoserista (2000)
North of the Yellowhead (2005)
Famous Last Words (2011)
"Live at the Roxy" (2015)
"25 Years On" (2018)
They have also released a video entitled Inconsequential Things in 1998, and an interactive CD-ROM, Bus Madness, in 1995.
Members' solo albums:
Chris Wynters' Skywriting (Six Shooter Records, 2005) and 2010-1982 (Shameless Records, 2010).
Jon Nordstrom's Brick and Stone (Independent, 2003) and Waiting for Summer (Independent 2005).
Former member Brock Skywalker Cerebral Reruns (FrozenPuck, 2004).