kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Antonín Panenka

Antonin Panenka (born 2 December 1949) is a former Czech football player. He has played for the Czechoslovakian national team. He played most of his career for Bohemians Prague. Panenka won UEFA Euro 1976 with Czechoslovakia. In the final against West Germany, he scored the winning penalty in the shootout with a softly-chipped ball up the middle of the goal as the goalkeeper dived away; this style of penalty is now called the Panenka penalty. In 1980, he won Czechoslovak Footballer of the Year.
Club career
An attacking midfielder known for the quality of his passing and his free kicks, Panenka played for Bohemians Praha for most of his career, joining the club in 1967. In 1981, Panenka left Bohemians for Austrian club Rapid Wien, where he won two Bundesliga titles and an Austrian Cup. In 1985 Rapid reached the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final; Panenka played as a substitute, but his side lost 3-1 to Everton.
Panenka penalty
Panenka came to international prominence playing for Czechoslovakia at UEFA Euro 1976, where Czechoslovakia reached the final, facing West Germany. After extra time, the match finished 2-2, and so the first penalty shootout in a European Championships final ensued. The first seven kicks were converted until West Germany's fourth penalty taker, Uli Hoeness, ballooned his shot over the bar. With the score 4-3, Panenka stepped up to take the fifth Czechoslovakian penalty, to win the match under immense pressure. He feigned shooting to the side of the goal, causing German goalkeeper Sepp Maier dive to his left, and then gently chipped the ball into the middle of the net.
CAF Champions League

The CAF Champions League is a football competition between the best club teams in Africa. The teams are selected because of good performances in matches.
Stigler, Oklahoma

Stigler is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. It is the county seat of Haskell County.
Saint-Mars-la-Jaille

Saint-Mars-la-Jaille was a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Vallons-de-l'Erdre.
Direct tax

A direct tax is a tax paid directly to the government by a person or organization. A direct tax may not be passed on to another person or entity but must be paid by the entity responsible for the tax. A direct tax is different from an indirect tax, which is paid by someone other than the person or entity who would normally be responsible for it. For example, a tax owed on a piece of property is a direct tax. A tax on the sale of that property would be considered an indirect tax.
Income tax
An income tax is a tax that governments levy on individuals and businesses on their income. In the US and other countries, businesses and individuals need to file an Income Tax Return every year. This is to report all forms of income and to see if they owe any tax or can get a tax refund. Income tax is an important source of funds to most levels of government.
The 16th Amendment
In the United States Constitution, the difference between indirect and direct taxes was important enough to require a Constitutional amendment in order for the federal government to levy an income tax. This was the Sixteenth Amendment which was ratified in 1913. Before the Sixteenth Amendment, any direct tax levied by the federal government had to be apportioned among the states by population. As apportionment by population proved to be virtually impossible, levying direct taxes was prevented by this article of the Constitution until it was changed in 1913. So the federal government relied on indirect taxes such as tariffs and Duties on imported goods and materials.
Corporate tax
Another form of direct tax is the corporation tax. This is a tax on profits earned by corporations and other companies. In the United States the federal corporate tax is a direct tax, but is different from income tax. It taxes net income (profits) not gross income (on which income taxes are based). Corporate tax allows deductions for most expenses of doing business. Also, it only applies to corporations. It does not apply to partnerships or sole proprietorships.
Property tax
Property tax, also called millage tax, is a tax on property that the owner must pay. They are usually collected by local governments and are based on a standardized value of a property. Property tax money is usually used for schools, community safety and local infrastructure. Millage rates refer to the mill: one one-thousandth of a dollar. The millage rate is the amount of taxes levied per $1,000 of property value. For example, if the millage rate is 3 mills (or 3 tenths of a penny), a property valued at $300,000 would be a tax of $900.
Hawaii (island)

The Island of Hawai`i is the largest U.S. Hawaiian Island, and it is the farthest south. It is also called the "Big Island." Its area is 4,038 sq. miles (10,458 km2). The widest part of the island is 93 miles (150 km) across.
The Big Island has more than half (~62%) of the total land area of State of Hawaii. It is part of County of Hawaii.
The island is seven separate shield volcanos that erupted more or less one at a time, one partly covering the other. These are (from oldest to youngest): Kohala (extinct), Mauna Kea (dormant), Hualalai (dormant), Mauna Loa (active), Kulani (extinct, mostly buried), and Kilauea (very active). The volcanos were caused by the Pacific oceanic tectonic plate moving over a hotspot. There lava from the Earth's lower mantle or upper core is close to the surface.
The largest city on the island is Hilo. Hilo has many historic buildings, interesting shops, parks, many performances, festivals and events. It is on the rainy, east side of the island. The city of Kailua-Kona is on the dry, west side of Hawaii, and is popular with tourists.
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

World War II was a global military conflict. It is also called Second World War. It was the joining of what started off as two separate conflicts. The first began in Asia as the Second Sino-Japanese War. The other began in Europe in 1939 with the German invasion of Poland.
This global conflict split the majority of the world's nations into two opposing military alliances. On one side was the Allies. On the other was the Axis powers. It involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel. This made it the most widespread war in history. It placed the participants in a state of "total war". The distinction between civil and military resources were eliminated. This resulted in the complete activation of a nation's economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities for the purposes of the war effort. Over 60 million people, the majority of them civilians, were killed, making it the deadliest conflict in human history. The financial cost of the war is estimated at about a trillion 1944 U.S. dollars worldwide, making it the most costly war in capital as well as lives.
The Allies won. The result was the United States and Soviet Union emerged as the world's two leading superpowers.
During this conflict 464 United States military personnel received the Medal of Honor, 266 of them posthumously. Seventeen of these were Japanese-Americans fighting in both Europe and the Pacific. Additionally, the only recipient for the United States Coast Guard received the Medal for his actions during this war.
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented posthumously.
A
N.B. A in the citation indicates that the award was given posthumously.
Robert Ibertsberger

Robert Ibertsberger (born 20 January 1977) is an Austrian football manager and a former player. He is the brother of Andreas Ibertsberger. He had to retire in 2004 due to serious knee injury.
As player he played for SV Austria Salzburg, A.C. Venezia, SK Sturm Graz, FC Tirol Innsbruck and SC Untersiebenbrunn. He also played eight matches for the Austrian national football team.
Coaching career
From 2006 till 2010 Ibertsberger coached the U15 and U16 team at the Red Bull Salzburg Academy. Then he worked till 2017 in the youth department of SV Ried. Robert Ibertsberger became assistant manager of Wolfsberger AC in 2017. 2018 he became manager of Wolfsberg and was manager until the end of the 2017-18 season. Then he left Wolfsberg and became assistant manager of FK Austria Wien. On 11 March 2019 Ibertsberger replaced Thomas Letsch. 2020 he became manager of SKN St. Polten. After 13 months he was fired. In December 2021 he was named as new coach of SV Ried. After only eleven matches he was dismissed and replaced by Christian Heinle.
Honours
Austrian Champion: 1997 (SV Austria Salzburg), 2002 (FC Tirol Innsbruck)
Personal life
He is a trained plumber. After the end of his football career he became physiotherapist. He is married and father of two sons. His son Lukas is playing for FC Liefering in the Austrian Second League.
Electronic rock

Electronic rock is a music genre that is a combination of rock music and electronic music. It has instruments often found in both genres. It started in late 1960s, when rock bands such as the Doors, Pink Floyd, Yes, and the Moody Blues started using the Moog synthesizer into their music. Sampling and tape manipulation would also become common with the genre. Electronic rock acts usually combine things from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno, and synthpop. It has helped create subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk, and electroclash. Since the late 2000s, electronic rock has become more popular.
Ismail Essam

Essam Ismail (born 5 August 1967) is an archer from Egypt. He was born on 5 August 1967. He competed at the 2000 and the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Canosa di Puglia

Canosa di Puglia is a town and comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy. It has about 29,000 people.
Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)

Fermanagh and South Tyrone () is a constituency of the United Kingdom. It is in Northern Ireland.
Election results
Caroline Wheeler is a member of the United Kingdom Labour Party who ran as an independent in the seat as the Labour Party do not run in Northern Ireland.
Gary Ray Bowles

Gary Ray Bowles (January 25, 1962 - August 22, 2019) was an American serial killer. He was sentenced to death for the murder of six men in 1994. He was born in Clifton Forge, Virginia. He was convicted of sexual assault, armed robbery and murder.
Bowles was executed by lethal injection on August 22, 2019 at Florida State Prison in Bradford County, aged 57.
Honeydew, California

Honeydew (before as Honey Dew) is an unincorporated community in Humboldt County, California.
History
The first post office at Honeydew opened in 1926. Honeydew, Petrolia and Capetown were originally stagecoach and mail stops in the 1800s.
Schools
There are three schools in Honeydew: Honeydew Elementary School, Mattole Valley Triple Junction High School and Honeydew Charter School #159.
Sarvestan palace

Sarvestan Palace is a monument of the Sassanid era (226-651). It was built during the reign of Bahram "Gur" (The Zebra-Hunter, 420-438 A.D.) as a leisure mansion. Its excavation revealed that the area was inhabited 6,000 years ago, 4,500 years older than previous estimates.
Hillsborough, North Carolina

Hillsborough is a town and county seat of Orange County, North Carolina. The population was 6,087 in 2010.
Prudential Tower

The Prudential Tower, also called the Prudential Building or The Pru, is a skyscraper in Boston, Massachusetts. The building is the 2nd-tallest building in Boston. It was designed by Charles Luckman and Associates for Prudential Insurance and was completed in 1964. It is tall and has 52 floors. With its radio mast, the tower is and is the tallest building in Boston. It has an observation deck, called the "Prudential Skywalk", on its 50th floor. It is currently the highest observation deck in New England that is open to the public. The building also has a restaurant on the 52nd floor, called "Top of the Hub."
History
Construction on the Prudential Tower began in 1960. When it was completed in 1964, it was the tallest building in the world outside of New York City.
Since the Prudential Tower was built, other tall buildings have been built in Boston. Today, it is not one of the fifty tallest buildings in the USA.
Ownership
Boston Properties currently owns the Prudential Tower.
Broadcast tenants
The main rooftop mast has two FM master antennas, and a television antenna. The roof also has a smaller tower with standby antennas. These antennas broadcast several Boston radio stations.
List of tenants
Accenture
Ropes & Gray, 17 floors, mostly above 26th floor; reception on 48th floor.
Kitagawa Utamaro

Kitagawa Utamaro (; - 31 October 1806), also called Utamaro, was a Japanese artist. He was a master of the ukiyo-e style of woodblock prints and painting.
Career
Utamaro is known for his studies of women (bijinga). He also made nature studies.
His work was popular in Europe. He influenced artists in Europe who were called Impressionists.
Mukku Raju

Mukku Raju () (born Sagiraju Rajamraju) (died July 31, 2014) was a Tollywood movie actor. He started his career as choreographer but ended as an actor and has acted in over 1000 movies. He got Nandi Award for Best Character Actor in 2008 for his movie 1940 Lo Oka Gramam.
Raju died at the age of 83 after a short illness. His funeral will take place at Cherukuvada.
Ludovic Orban

Ludovic Orban (; born 25 May 1963) is a Romanian engineer and politician. He was the 68th Prime Minister of Romania from 4 November 2019 until 7 December 2020. He became leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL) in June 2017.
Orban was Minister of Transport from April 2007 to December 2008 in the second Calin Popescu-Tariceanu cabinet. He was also a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest from 2008 to 2016.
Hangar

A hangar is a closed structure made to hold aircraft while it is on the ground. It is like a garage but for aircraft instead of cars. A hangar is most often made of metal, but may be made of other things like wood and concrete. It protects the aircraft from weather and sun damage.
Fairford

Fairford is a small town in Gloucestershire, England. The town is in the Cotswold hills on the River Coln, east of Cirencester, west of Lechlade and north of Swindon. Nearby are RAF Fairford and the Cotswold Water Park.
Pithecopus araguaius

Pithecopus araguaius is a frog that lives in Mato Grasso, Brazil.
One sample frog was about 30 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the back and backs of the legs are green in color. This frog has a green stripe on each hind leg and a dark stripe on each side. There is orange color on the front legs and inner parts of the hind legs. Parts of the lips are white in color.
Scientists named this frog araguaius after the Araguaia River. The frogs live near this river.
Lynn Anderson

Lynn Anderson (September 26, 1947 - July 30, 2015) was an American country musician. She sang many hit songs in the 1970s and 1980s. She began in 1966 at age nineteen. Her first major hit was "If I Kiss You (Will You Go Away)". Other hit songs were "Promises, Promises", "Rose Garden" and "No Another Time".
Anderson was born in Grand Forks, North Dakota. She died on July 30, 2015 after suffering a heart attack at her Nashville, Tennessee home, aged 67.
Basilica of Saint-Denis

The Basilica of Saint-Denis is a basilica near Paris, France. It is famous for its architecture and as the burial place for many Kings of France. It is in the suburb of Saint Denis, which is in the north of Paris. Since 1966, it is the cathedral of the diocese of Saint-Denis. It is located in the Greater Paris area, about from Paris.
The Basilica is named after Saint Denis. Saint Denis is the patron saint of France. He was also the first Bishop of Paris.
The Basilica was an Early Gothic building. In 1136 the Abbot Suger (1081 - 1155) began replacing the building, bit by bit, beginning with the west front and then with a new east end. The east end is said to be the first building in the Gothic style. It was not completed until the 13th century.
The current organ of the basilica is the first organ built by Aristide Cavaille-Coll. With 4200 pipes, it contains a lot of innovations, opening the romantic area. The French organist Pierre Pincemaille, titular between 1987 and 2018, set up lots of recitals and recorded 8 CDs with this instrument.
Damien Duff

Damien Duff (born 2 March 1979) is an Irish retired football player.
Elmlohe

Elmlohe used to be a municipality in Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2015, it is part of the town of Geestland.
Rabah Bitat

Rabah Bitat (; ALA-LC: Rabah Bitat; 19 December 1925 - 10 April 2000) was an Algerian politician. He was the interim President of Algeria from 1978 until 1979.
Black Orpheus

Black Orpheus (Portuguese: Orfeu Negro ) is a 1959 French Brazilian Italian romantic fantasy drama movie directed by Marcel Camus (who also stars) and based on the play by Vinicius de Moraes. It stars Breno Mello, Marpessa Dawn, Fausto Guerzoni, Adhemar de Silva and won an Academy Award in 1960.
Rachel Held Evans

Rachel Grace Held Evans (June 8, 1981 - May 4, 2019) was an American Christian columnist, blogger and author. Her book, A Year of Biblical Womanhood (2012), was on The New York Times e-book non-fiction best-seller list. She also wrote for The Washington Post and Vox. In total, she had four books published.
Biography
Evans was born in Alabama, and grew up in Birmingham. She moved to Dayton, Tennessee as a teenager. She was married to Dan Evans. The couple had two children.
In April 2019, Evans was put into a coma due to an infection. She died on May 4, 2019 in Nashville, Tennessee. She was 37.
Malik Ata Muhammad Khan

Malik Ata Muhammad Khan (Urdu, , 25 January 1938 - 6 February 2020), popularly known as Prince Malik Ata was a Pakistani feudal lord and politician. He was born in British India. Khan was a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from 1990 to 1993. He was President of the Equestrian Federation from 1982 until his death and Vice President of the International Tent Pegging Federation from 2013 until his death.
Khan died on 6 February 2020 in Attock, Pakistan at the age of 82 .
Saulty

Saulty is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Stornoway Airport

Stornoway Airport is an airfield on the Outer Hebrides Isle of Lewis. It is about 2 nautical miles (2.2 miles; 3.7 km) east of Stornoway, the biggest town on the island.
The Royal Air Force maintained an RAF airbase at the site of the airport until 1998.
Stornoway Airport is owned by HIAL, a company controlled by the Scottish Government. The airfield was first opened in 1937, and used mainly for military purposes. NATO aircraft used the airport for missions over the North Atlantic and for stop overs to Greenland and the United States.
Nowadays the airfield is mainly used for domestic passenger services. The Royal Mail also operates a daily mail flight. CHC Helicopters operate two Sikorsky S-92 helicopters, equipped for search and rescue on behalf of the Coastguard. The helicopter crews have flown on over 3,100 callouts since the establishment of the service in May 1987. There are also several privately owned light aircraft based at the airport.
Stornoway Airport was also the location of an emergency landing made by an American Airlines Boeing twin-engined 767 jet, on its way from Sweden to Chicago in April 2001, due to a medical emergency on board. It stayed at the airport for 2 days.
Flights to Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness and Benbecula are regular.
Tizimín

Tizimin is a city in Mexico. The city is 100 miles east of Merida city.
In the Maya language, Tizimin means tapir. A tapir is a big animal that lives in South America.
Waterfowl hunting

Waterfowl hunting (also called wildfowling or waterfowl shooting in Britain) is the act of hunting ducks, geese, or other waterfowl for food and sport. In many western countries, waterfowl hunting is illegal, and duck hunting is mostly an outdoor sporting activity.
Many types of ducks and geese share the same habitat, have overlapping or same hunting seasons, and are hunted the same. Thus it is possible to hunt different species of waterfowl in the same trip. Waterfowl can be hunted in crop fields where they eat, or, more often, on or near bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, sloughs, or oceanic coastlines.
Edinburgh Trams

The Edinburgh Trams project is a scheme to build a new tramway in Edinburgh, Scotland. Local public transport had been limited to buses since the closing of the city's previous Edinburgh Corporation Tramways system on 16 November 1956.Edinburgh Trams is a tramway in Edinburgh, Scotland, operated by Edinburgh Trams Ltd. As of 2017 it is a 14-kilometre line between York Place in New Town and Edinburgh Airport, with 16 stops. Construction began in June 2008, and after encountering delays it opened on 31 May 2014.
Grindel, Switzerland

Grindel is a municipality in the district Thierstein in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
František Václav Lobkowicz

Frantisek Vaclav Lobkowicz ( 1947 - 17 February 2022) was a Czech Roman Catholic prelate. He was bishop of Ostrava-Opava from 1996 until he died.
Lobkowicz died on 17 February 2022. He was 74 years old.
Dick Wolf

Richard Anthony "Dick" Wolf (born December 20, 1946) is an American producer. He is best known for creating the Law & Order television series as well as its American spin-offs. He has a star on the Holywood Walk of Fame, and he has won an Emmy Award.
Autism Society of America

The Autism Society of America is a national organization that was founded in 1965. Its original name was National Society for Autistic Children. Their goal is increasing awareness of autism and problems related to it.
Since 1970, ASA has held conferences on autism spectrum conditions.
Epagnier

Epagnier was a municipality and village in the canton of Neuchatel, Switzerland. In 1888, it joined together with Epagnier and Marin to become Marin-Epagnier.
John Tuttle (politician)

John Lee Tuttle Jr. (1951/1952 - January 28, 2022) was an American Democratic politician. He was born in Sanford, Maine. He was a member of the Maine House of Representatives between 1978 until 1984, 1994 until 2002 and again from 2004 until 2012. He was a member of the Maine Senate from 2012 until 2014.
Tuttle died on January 28, 2022 in Sanford, at the age of 70.
Aurora, Kansas

Aurora is a city in Cloud County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 60 people lived there.
History
In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) through Aurora to Superior, Nebraska. In 1996, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway merged with Burlington Northern Railroad. It was renamed to the current BNSF Railway. Most locals still call this railroad the "Santa Fe".
Aurora was named by settlers who came from Aurora, Illinois.
The first post office in Aurora was created in 1886. From 1886 until 1888, the post office was called St. Peter.
Geography
Aurora is at (39.451641, -97.530396). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it land and no water.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census reported 60 people, 24 households, and 17 families living in Aurora.
Chris Rea

Christopher Anton Rea ( ; born 4 March 1951) is a British rock and blues singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known for the 1978 hit song "Fool (If You Think It's Over)" that reached No. 12 on the Billboard Hot 100. This success earned him a Grammy nomination as Best New Artist in 1979.
The book Guinness Rockopedia described him as a "gravel-voiced guitar stalwart". The British Hit Singles & Albums stated that Rea was "one of the most popular UK singer-songwriters of the late 1980s. He was already a major European star by the time he finally cracked the UK Top 10 with his 18th chart entry; "The Road to Hell (Part 2)".
In 2000, Rea was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Since his cancer diagnosis, he underwent multiple surgeries and was diagnosed with diabetes. In 2016, he suffered a stroke, which left him slurred speech and impaired movements.
Muhammad ibn al-Uthaymeen

Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Saalih ibn Muhammad ibn Sulayman ibn Abd Al Rahman Al Uthaymeen Al Tamimi (1929-2001), was born in Unaiza, in Quasim region (Saudi Arabia) in 1929. He memorized the Holy Quran during his childhood, pursued rigorous religious education in hadith, tafseer, fiqh, theology and Arabic language under the tutelage of renowned Saudi Ulema (Islamic scholars) and graduated from the College of Sharia in Riyadh.
Al-Uthaymeen's deep knowledge of Islam, disseminated through his many publications and teachings, as well as his outstanding qualities as a dedicated and profoundly faithful Muslim, have won him the respect and admiration of Muslims everywhere.
Jean-Jacques Annaud

Jean-Jacques Annaud (born 1 October 1943) is a French movie director, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for directing Quest for Fire (1981), The Name of the Rose (1986), The Lover (1991), and Seven Years in Tibet (1997).
Annaud has received many awards for his work, including four Cesar Awards, one David di Donatello Award, and one National Academy of Cinema Award. Annaud's first movie, Black and White in Color (1976), received an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
Siamanna

Siamanna (Siamanna) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 812 people lived there. Its area is 28.36 km2. It is 100 meters above sea level.
Expecting Amish

Expecting Amish is a 2014 drama made for television movie. It was shown on the Lifetime channel.
Story
A 18-year-old girl Hannah Yoder is about to join the church and get married. She decided she likes better the Hollywood life style even it means she will never see her family again.
Japanese diaspora

Japanese diaspora refers to people of Japanese ancestry that do not live in Japan itself. Large populations exist in Brazil and America, and smaller groups in Peru and the UK.
Le Temple, Gironde

Le Temple, Gironde is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Nuremberg Military Tribunals

The Nuremberg Military Tribunals are the follow up trials of war criminals held by the United States of America in Nuremberg.
The trial of the 24 Major War Criminals held by the International Military Tribunal (IMT) in Nuremberg is at Nuremberg Trials
The IMT only held one trial before disagreements between the four wartime allies stopped the series of trials that were planned. The four countries occupying Germany carried on with trials of many people in their own zone of occupation. Twelve that were held by the United States are the most famous of these rials. They involved the some of the most important people to be prosecuted after the 24 Major War Criminals.
Kuopio

Kuopio is a city in Northern Savonia, Finland. It is the biggest city and cultural center of Eastern Finland. In November 2015 the population was about 112.000. It is the 8th biggest city in Finland.
The city is surrounded by lake Kallavesi. Many parts of the city are built on islands. Kuopio has always been a city of education. Two important schools are the University of Eastern Finland and the Savonia University of Applied Sciences.
History
In 2011 the town of Karttula merged with Kuopio. In 2013 Nilsia merged as well. In 2015, Maaninka merged with the city. In 2017 Juankoski merged with the city.
National Football League Most Valuable Player Award

The National Football League Most Valuable Player Award is an award by different entities, most notably the Associated Press, to the player who is thought to be the most valuable player in the league.
NFL's Most Valuable Players
The Joe F. Carr Trophy
The NFL awarded the Joe F. Carr Trophy (named for the league president, 1921-39) to the league's ABC from 1938 to 1946.
As awarded by United Press International
United Press International gave an NFL MVP Award from 1948 through 1969, excepting 1949-50, and 1952. Beginning in 1970 UPI awarded separate awards for the NFC and AFC. In 1975 UPI added a Defensive Player of the Year Award for both the NFC and AFC.
As awarded by the Associated Press
As awarded by the Pro Football Writers of America
As awarded by Newspaper Enterprise Association
This award ran from 1955 through 1996 and was a poll of NFL players. The award winner is given with the Jim Thorpe Trophy (different from the collegiate football's Jim Thorpe Award). Beginning in 1997 the Jim Thorpe Trophy was given by the Jim Thorpe Association, with the winner determined by a "vote of NFLPA representatives".
Beykent University

Beykent University () is a university in Istanbul, Turkey.
Murho Estate

The Murho Estate was a chieftaincy and later a zamindari (estate) of Yadav (Ahir) in erstwhile Bhagalpur district of Bihar (now in Madhepura district).
The name of the estate derives from a Murho village of Madhepura District. Members of the Murho family were very big landlords of the Kosi division.
History
The Murho Zamindari (Estate) was ruled by Majhraut Clan Of Yadava. It was the largest and respected zamindari estate of Kosi region (Bihar).
Rash Bihari Lal Mandal
Babu Rasbihari Lal was an ardent freedom fighter, philanthropist and social reformer. According to litterateur Dr. Bhupendra Narayan Madhepuri, Rasbihari Babu was scholarly in many languages like Hindi, Urdu, Persian, Bengali, English, French and Sanskrit.
Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal
Chairman of Mandal Commission and former Chief Minister of Bihar, Babu B.P. Mandal was born in Murho raj family. He was the third son of Zamindar Babu Ras Bihari Lal Mandal.
List of Zamindars
Babu Sri Panchanan Mandal was the first chieftain of Murho. He had two sons, of whom the eldest son Paraw Mandal became his successor.
Babu Paraw Mandal, He had five sons named Indrajit Mandal, Miterjit Mandal, Ramdhan Mandal, Gurdayal Mandal and Ramdayal Mandal.
Babu Ramdayal Mandal became next chief of Zamindari. He had two sons Raghuvardayal and Kishundayal Mandal.
Babu Raghuvardayal Mandal became head of zamindari estate in mid 19th century.
Babu Rash Bihari lal Mandal (1880-1918), He had three sons, Bhuvneshwari Pd. Mandal, Kamleshwari Pd. Mandal and Bindheshwari Pd. Mandal.
Babu Bhuvneshwari Prasad Mandal, he took control of zamindari estate after the death of his father Rash Bihari Lal in 1918. He was member of Bihar-Orissa legislative council in 1924.
Babu Kamleshwari Prasad Mandal, he was member of Bihar legislative council in 1937.
Babu Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal, Former Chief Minister of Bihar and Chairman of Backward Classes Commission.
Mojokerto

Mojokerto ( (Majakerta)) is a city in East Java Province, Indonesia. It is located 40 km southwest of Surabaya.
Cyprian Kizito Lwanga

Cyprian Kizito Lwanga (19 January 1953 - 3 April 2021) was a Ugandan Roman Catholic prelate. He was Archbishop of Kampala from 2006 to his death. From 1996 to 2006, he was Bishop of Kasana-Luweero.
Jasper, Tennessee

Jasper is a town in Marion County, Tennessee, United States. It is the county seat of Marion County. The population was 3,279 at the 2010 census.
Atlas Shrugged

Atlas Shrugged is a book by the Russian American writer and social philosopher Ayn Rand. It was first published in 1957 in the United States. It was Rand's longest book and the last fiction book she wrote before writing non-fiction.
Plot
The main character of the story is Dagny Taggart. Dagny runs a large railroad company that controls the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States. The story takes place in the USA at a time when trains are the main way that people travel and that companies move their products.
Dagny begins to worry that a lot of the country's best minds are going away. The men who were in charge of an industry or the best at science are giving up their work and disappearing. Nobody knows where they go. She starts looking for "the Destroyer", whom she believes is making the leaders stop working.
During her search, the country and the world get worse. Without the leaders, industries grind to a halt. The economy begins to fail, causing problems for society.
Finally, Dagny finds the "Destroyer". His real name is John Galt. She realises that she was wrong and that John is not a bad man. Instead he is a man of high integrity and principle. He thinks that the world has been taking the work of the leaders and scientist without paying them enough. He thinks that the only way to make the worlds better is to make sure that the best minds are treated with respect and given enough payment. By telling the leaders and scientists this, he has convinced them to go on strike. They are hiding in a secret valley in the mountains.
John Galt also convinces Dagny that he is right. She joins this man in his valley. They begin a relationship. Their goal is to bring down society so that they can help make a new society. The new society will respect hard work, intelligence and integrity.
Wasim Sajjad

Wasim Sajjad (born 30 March 1941) was President of Pakistan two times. He served as interim President prior to elections.
Daniel Marot

Daniel Marot, born in 1661 in Paris, was an architect, furniture designer and engraver. He moved to England and designed Hampton Court Palace.
Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba

Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba Sporting Club (in Spanish Club Deportivo Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba) is a football club which plays in the first division of Argentina, Superleague of Argentina.
Ed, Edd n Eddy: Scam of the Century

Ed, Edd n Eddy: Scam of the Century is a video game developed by Japanese video game developer Art Co., Ltd and published by D3 Publisher for the Nintendo DS. The game is based on the Cartoon Network animated series Ed, Edd n Eddy. It was released on October 23, 2007, in North America, on November 1, 2007, in Australia, and on November 30, 2007, in Europe.
Henry Allen

Henry Tureman Allen Jr. was an equestrian from USA. Henry competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born on 11 August 1889 and died on 21 December 1971.
Tangier

Tangier, also Tangiers (Tifinagh: Tanja, archaic Berber name: Tingi, Arabic: Tnj@ Tanja) is a city in northern Morocco with a population of about 700,000 (2008 census). It lies on the North African coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel. It is the capital of the Tangier-Tetouan Region and of the Tangier-Asilah prefecture of Morocco near the Spanish border.
The history of Tangier is very rich due to the historical presence of many civilizations and cultures starting from the 5th century BC. Between the period of being a Phoenician town to the independence era around the 1950s, Tangier was a place--and, sometimes a refuge--for many cultures. However, it was not until 1923 that Tangier was attributed an international status by foreign colonial powers, thus becoming a destination for many Europeans, Americans and Indians alike.
The city is currently undergoing rapid development and modernization. Projects include new 5-star hotels along the bay, a modern business district called Tangier City Centre, a new airport terminal and a new soccer stadium. Tangier's economy is also set to benefit greatly from the new Tanger-Med port.
1112

Year 1112 (MCXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
The count of Barcelona, Ramon Berenguer III, obtains the county of Provence due to his marriage with the heiress, Douce.
The people of Laon, France, proclaim a commune and murder their bishop.
Salzwedel, Germany is founded.
The German state of Baden is founded.
Afonso I becomes Count of Portugal.
Otto of Ballenstedt is made Duke of Saxony by Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor.
Anonymus Gallus begins to write Gesta principium Polonorum to Boleslaw III.
Deaths
October 5 - Sigebert of Gembloux, French chronicler
Tancred, Prince of Galilee, crusader (b. 1072)
Giorgi II of Georgia
Henry, Count of Portugal (b. 1066)
Bertrand of Toulouse, count of Toulouse, and the first count of Tripoli.
Sergei Kirov

Sergei Mironovich Kostrikov or better known as Sergei Kirov (; born 27 March 1886, O.S. 15 March, Urzhum, Russian Empire - died 1 December 1934, Leningrad, RSFSR, Soviet Union), was a Soviet politician and Bolshevik revolutionary whose assassination led to the first Great Purge in 1936, that was organised by Joseph Stalin and the NKVD (Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov and Lavrenty Beria). Sergei Mironovich Kostrikov was born on 27 March 1886 in Urzhum, in the Russian Empire, which was then ruled by Tsar Alexander III of Russia from 1881 until his death in 1894, when Tsar Nicholas II of Russia came to power and was Tsar of Russia until the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Bolshevik Revolution all over Russia which became the RSFSR in 1917 and later the Soviet Union in 1922 led by Vladimir Lenin. Sergei Kirov joined the RSDLP in 1904 led by Lenin. Sergei Kirov was involved in the 1905 Russian Revolution until it ended in 1907. He then moved to the Caucasus where he stayed until the [1917 Russian Revolution and Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate the throne ending the long Russian Monarchy. He was also involved in the Russian Civil War of 1917 until it ended in 1923. Sergei Kirov was also involved in the 1918-1921 Polish-Soviet War until it ended in 1921 just two years before both Russian Revolution and the Russian Civil War ended in 1923 in the Soviet Union. Lenin died in 1924 aged 54 and Felix Dzerzhinsky, Alexei Rykov, Leon Trotsky and Lev Kamenev, all tried to replace Lenin, but it was Joseph Stalin who came to power in 1924. Stalin and Kirov were friends until Kirov was shot and killed in 1934 at the age of 48, possibly by the NKVD on the order of Stalin. And it led Stalin to kill Alexei Rykov, Lev Kamenev and other Leninists. Stalin had Genrikh Yagoda and Nikolai Yezhov executed in 1938 and 1940 by Lavrentiy Beria. Stalin ordered Leon Trotsky to be assassinated in August 1940 during the Second World War, who had fled to Mexico in 1937.
He was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan and the leader of the Azerbaijan SSR, between 1921 and 1926.
He was Chief of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in Leningrad, from 1927 until he was assassinated on 1 December 1934.
It is speculated by historians, that the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered his assassination, because he saw Kirov, who was popular, as a threat to his rule, and started the Great Purge as an excuse to eliminate all his real and potential rivals.
Dan Kohn

Dan Kohn (November 20, 1972November 1, 2020) was an American businessman and nonprofit executive. He led the Linux Foundation's Public Health initiative.
He was formerly the executive director at Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). He was the founder of NetMarket, which he founded in 1994.
Kohn died of problems caused by colon cancer on November 1, 2020 at the age of 47.
NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament

The NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament (also known as March Madness) is a single-elimination (if you lose a game, you stop playing) college basketball tournament. It has 68 college teams in it. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) created it in 1939. When it was started in 1939, only eight teams played in the tournament. The tournament is played from mid-March to early April.
32 of the teams in the tournament are the best teams in each Division I conference. 36 of the teams join the tournament by winning other basketball games. These teams are chosen by the NCAA to be in the tournament. For the tournament, there are four regions. Each team is put into a region. Each region has 16 teams. The tournament has seven rounds. It is three weeks long. The first round is called the First Four. It has eight teams in it. The four winning teams join the tournament.
Each team is given a number. It is from 1 to 16. In the tournament, the semifinals are known as the Sweet Sixteen. The finals are known as the Elite Eight. They are named for how many teams are in these rounds.
Thirty seven college basketball teams have won the tournament. As of 2023, UCLA has won it eleven times. The Kentucky Wildcats have won it eight times. The coach with the most wins is John Wooden. He coached UCLA. He has won it ten times.
Titles by school
The following is a list of all schools that have won at least one NCAA men's basketball tournament, along with the year(s) in which they won their championship(s).
Athelred of Wessex

Athelred or AEthelred (-) was King of Wessex from 865 to 871. He succeeded his brother Ethelbert at the time of the invasion of England by the "Great Heathen Army". He was the first of the four sons of Athelwulf not to rule as "under-king" before he became king of Wessex.
Career
Athelred was the fourth son of King Athelwulf and his wife Osburga. She was the daughter of Oslac, Athelwulf's butler.{{efn|The office of chief butler in an Anglo-Saxon royal household is most likely his title here. He would be a nobleman who held the honorary office of butler.<ref>Laurence Marcellus L's Household in England Before the Norman Conquest, Thesis (Ph. D.), University of Wisconsin (1902), p. 127</ref>}} While his father was in Rome and France, 855-856, his oldest brother Athelstan had died. Prior to his death two years later Athelwulf left a will. in that will the two eldest sons, Ethelbald and Ethelbert should have the kingdom. When Ethelbald died in 860, Ethelbert became the king of Wessex. But their father's will had made no provision for Athelred and Alfred, the two youngest sons, to be kings. Possibly for that reason Ethelbert did not appoint his brother Athelred King of Kent. He consolidated everything into the single kingdom of Wessex. In 865 Vikings raided into Kent and the men of Kent agreed to pay them ransom. But the Vikings ravaged the eastern part of Kent despite the pending treaty.
King of Wessex
Athelred had not expected to reign, but when his brother Ethelbert died in 866, Athelred became the king of Wessex. This was just after the arrival of the Great Heathen Army in East Anglia. For a time they were more interested in Northumbria. They gained control of York and moved south into Mercia then made their winter camp in Nottingham.
It was at this time his younger brother Alfred was given the title of Secundarius'' (Latin for secondary). This meant he was appointed as heir to the throne. In 868 Burgred, the King of Mercia, asked King Ethelred and Alfred for their help against the Danes (Vikings). When the Danes saw the combined English army against them they asked for peace. The Vikings withdrew to York where they managed a completely defeat. The next year, 871, the great Viking army grew much larger. They moved on Reading. Ethelred with his brother Alfred arrived with their army to meet the new threat. In the battle that followed, the Battle of Reading, both sides suffered many casualties. Athelred's army was defeated. Four days later the two armies met again at the Battle of Ashdown. This time the West Saxons won the victory and the Vikings retreated to Reading. Two weeks later Athelred and Alfred led the West Saxons against the Danes at Basing where the Danes won. Two months passed without any fighting between them. The next battle was at a place called Merantun. After a day long battle which the English were winning, the Danes were able to regain their lost ground. Just after mid-April in 871,
Athelred died. He was buried at Wimborne Minster. He was succeeded by his younger brother Alfred.
9/11 Commission

The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, also known as the 9/11 Commission, was set up on November 27, 2002, "to prepare a full and complete account of the circumstances surrounding the September 11 attacks". It also gave tips on how the country can respond to further attacks.
Chaired by former New Jersey Governor Thomas Kean, the commission consisted of five Democrats and five Republicans.
The commission was created by Congressional legislation, with the bill signed into law by President George W. Bush.
After the publication of its final report, the commission closed on August 21, 2004. The commission's website was shut down, but has been archived.
Gulf of Tonkin resolution

The Gulf of Tonkin resolution (August 1964) was a joint resolution by the United States Congress for the United States to begin the Vietnam War. For a decade the CIA had been sending in South Vietnamese teams on sabotage missions to the North. American ships such as the Maddox went on espionage missions in the North's coastal waters. U.S. President Johnson claimed that the North Vietnamese had made two attacks on the Maddox and the Turner Joy in the Gulf of Tonkin. On the 4th of August he asked for congressional support to return the attacks.
Background
The government had written up a resolution in June 1964. Believing that the lives of American sailors were in danger from the North Vietnamese, Congress willingly passed the resolution. The resolution gave the president the power to start war in Vietnam. As Johnson said, it was "like grandma's night shirt - it covered everything". The resolution would end when the president believed that the situation in Southeast Asia was safe or when Congress decided to terminate it. Senator Mansfield was unconvinced that the U.S. was acting correctly.
Results and significance
With the resolution, Johnson appeared to have the nation behind him. Now the war could really be taken to the North. This escalation for the U.S. in the Vietnam War made Johnson look tough. His public approval rating rose from 42 to 72 percent, helping him to win the presidential election. The resolution and the presidential election suggested a nation united behind its president in his Vietnam policy.
Irresistible (The Corrs song)

"Irresistible" is a 2000 song by Irish band The Corrs and is the second single from their third studio album In Blue. It went to the top twenty in the United Kingdom, Belgium, New Zealand, Romania and Scotland.
Track listings
Standard CD and cassette single
"Irresistible" (album version) - 3:40
"At Your Side" (live acoustic) - 3:48
"Somebody for Someone" (live acoustic) - 3:24
European CD single
"Irresistible" (album version)
"At Your Side" (live acoustic)
Upland, Indiana

Upland (pronounced as "up-land") is a town in Grant County, Indiana, United States. The population was 3,845 at the 2010 census.