kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Municipalities of Slovenia

Slovenia is divided into 212 municipalities (, singular: ), of which 11 (in bold) are cities (cities municipalities).
Slovene is an official language of all the municipalities. Hungarian is a second official language of 3 municipalities in the Prekmurje region: Dobrovnik/Dobronak, Hodos/Hodos and Lendava/Lendva. Italian is a second official language of 4 municipalities (of which one has urban status) in the Slovene Littoral region: Ankaran/Ancarano, Izola/Isola, Koper/Capodistria and Piran/Pirano.
The largest municipality in area is Kocevje with and the smallest is Odranci with only . The municipality with the highest population is Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, and the one with the lowest population is Hodos with only 382 people living there.
English names
The Slovene names have the word "Obcina" in front, e.g. "Obcina Bled". As an English name, the Statistical Office of Slovenia uses a word by word transformation, e.g. "Municipality Bled".
Food waste

Food waste is food that is thrown away, either because it is not needed, or because it must be thrown away by law.
Sources of food waste
Food production
Large amounts of food waste can occur at any stage in the process of producing food. In subsistence agriculture, the amounts of food waste are unknown. Very likely, very little food is wasted, because food is produced because of a need for food. In the developed world, the food industry produces food for a global marketplace demand.
Research has been done to see where food waste occurred. The researchers looked at the food industry of the United States and found that food was wasted at the beginning of the food production. From planting, crops can be subjected to pest infestations and bad weather, which cause losses before harvest. Natural forces such as temperature and rainfall are the main influences on the growth of crops. For this reason, all forms of outdoor agriculture is subject to losses beecause of these influences. The use of machinery in harvesting can cause waste, because harvesters may not see the difference between ripe and immature crops, or collect only part of a crop. Food is also wasted because it does not meet certain standards or regulations for quality and appearance As a result, certain crops that do not meet these standards are not harvested; left in the field, they can provide fertilizer, or food for animals.
Food processing
It is unknown how much food waste occurs during food processing. When food is stored, considerable amounts are wasted because of pests and microorganisms. This problem occurs in countries where it is both relatively hot, and humid. These conditions boost the growth of pests and microorganisms. Extreme temperature, humidity, or microoganisms also influence the nutritional value, caloric value and edibility of crops and account for food waste. The "qualitative losses" are more difficult to assess than quantitative ones. More losses occur because the food is not handled correctly, or because it loses weight or volume.
It is difficult to reduce some of the food waste produced by processing without affecting the quality of the product. Certain regulations concerning the safety of foods cause food to be wasted, before it even reaches the market.
Safety regulations are in place to protect the health of the consumer. They are very important, especially where foodstuffs of animal origin are processed. Contaminated products from these sources can lead to and are associated with microbiological and chemical hazards.
Hessmer, Louisiana

Hessmer is a village in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Inorganic

The word inorganic is used to emphasise that the subject is not organic in origin.
Inorganic chemistry is the chemistry of elements other than carbon.
Inorganic compounds are chemical compounds other than carbon-based.
Inorganic matter is matter which was not part of a living organism.
Burnout (vehicle)

A burnout (also known as a peel out or power brake) is the practice of keeping a vehicle still (or close to) and spinning its wheels, causing the tires to heat up and smoke due to friction.
History
The origins of burnouts can be traced to drag racing, where they have a practical purpose: drag racing tires perform better at higher temperatures. A burnout is the fastest way to raise tire temperature before a race. It also cleans the tires of any debris and lays down a layer of rubber near the starting line for better traction. Drag race tracks sometimes use specially-reserved, wet-surface areas (burnout boxes) for burnouts.
Burnouts are also common in informal street racing, usually for show value. As with all street racing activities, burnouts on public property are illegal in most countries but the severity of punishments vary. In New South Wales, for example, police have the power to confiscate the offending vehicle for 3 months for a first offense.
In March 2010, British Formula 1 World Champion, Lewis Hamilton had his Mercedes car impounded for allegedly performing a burnout in Melbourne, Australia while leaving the Albert Park Grand-Prix Circuit.
Burnouts are also sometimes performed by winning drivers at the end of NASCAR races to celebrate their victory.
Practice
Burnouts in front wheel drive vehicles are likely to result in damage to the vehicle. They are usually achieved by holding the emergency brake (e-brake) to lock up the rear tires while flooring the gas pedal.
To burnout in a rear wheel drive vehicle the driver usually has to press the gas and brake pedals at the same time. The brake pedal will require modulation The goal is to allow the rear tires to spin while holding the car in place with the front wheels remaining motionless. At a certain point of balance, the front brakes will prevent the car from moving forward while the rear brakes will have insufficient grip to keep the wheels from spinning, because engine power is transferred to the rear wheels only.
It is possible to make rear-wheel drive burnouts easier by installing "line locks", devices which allow fluid pressure on the front brakes to be maintained while releasing the pedal to free the rear brakes. This is useful in a manual transmission vehicle, where it can be quite difficult to manipulate the clutch, brake and gas pedals simultaneously. Line locks also reduce wear to the rear brakes, a common problem otherwise.
Burnouts are most difficult to perform in four-wheel drive and all-wheel drive cars, as they have better traction than FWD or RWD vehicles. It requires significantly more powerful engines to break all four tires loose at the same time and the tires will spin for only a short while before all four gain traction.
Gamestar

Gamestar is a German monthly released PC computer game magazine. It is published by the IDG Entertainment Media GmbH in Munich. The first edition was 10/1997 with a prize of 6,90 DM. Current prize is 6,30EUR (XL version), 5,30EUR (DVD version) and 3,50EUR (Magazin version).
Winnie-the-Pooh (1969 movie)

Winnie-the-Pooh () is a 1969 Soviet animated movie directed by Fyodor Khitruk.
Cleveland, Jackson County, Wisconsin

Cleveland is a town in Jackson County, Wisconsin, USA. As of the 2010 census the population was 481.
The Black Parade

The Black Parade is a 2006 album by the band My Chemical Romance. It is the third album from the band. The album is a concept album. The songs on this album follow the life of The Patient, a man dying of cancer. The album takes the listener into The Patient's mind, fears, regrets, and accomplishments.
Much like their first two albums, The Black Parade offers a message of hope.
The Black Parade is: Ray Toro, Mikey Way, Gerard Way, Frank Iero, and Bob Bryar.
Survivor Series (1989)

Survivor Series (1989) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on November 23, 1989 at the Rosemont Horizon in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the third Survivor Series event that was held by the WWF.
Parry People Movers

Parry People Movers (PPM) is a British company manufacturing lightweight railbuses that use Flywheel energy storage (FES) to store energy for traction.
Ruby

A ruby is a kind of precious stone. It is often associated with emerald, sapphire and topaz. It is usually red, but can sometimes be other colors. It is formed of aluminum and oxygen (Al2O3), and that means it's a kind of corundum. A small amount of chromium makes the color.
Linda Tripp

Linda Rose Tripp (nee Carotenuto; November 24, 1949 - April 8, 2020) was an American civil servant. She played an important role in the Lewinsky scandal of 1998. Tripp's action in secretly recording Monica Lewinsky's secret phone calls about her relationship with the president caused a sensation with their links to the earlier Clinton v. Jones lawsuit.
Tripp claimed that her motives were patriotic, and she was able to avoid a wiretap charge for handing in the tapes. She then claimed that her firing from the Pentagon at the end of the Clinton administration was because she leaked the phone calls, while the administration claimed it to be a standard routine.
From 2004, Tripp worked with her husband in a retail business in Middleburg, Virginia.
Tripp was born in Jersey City, New Jersey. She died from pancreatic cancer in Middleburg at the age of 70 on April 8, 2020.
Riocaud

Riocaud is a commune. It is in the region of Aquitaine in the Gironde department. This is in the southwest of France.
Upstream spying

Upstream spying is one of the types of spying that the National Security Agency (NSA) does. It refers to online spying which is done on the internet backbone.
Meiji Constitution

The Constitution of the Empire of Japan (Kyujitai: Da Ri Ben Di Guo Xian Fa ; Shinjitai: Da Ri Ben Di Guo Xian Fa , romanized: Dai-Nippon Teikoku Kenpo), known informally as the Meiji Constitution (Ming Zhi Xian Fa , Meiji Kenpo), was the constitution of the Empire of Japan which was proclaimed on February 11, 1889, and remained in force between November 29, 1890 and May 2, 1947. Enacted after the Meiji Restoration in 1868, it provided for a form of mixed constitutional and absolute monarchy, based jointly on the German and British models. In theory, the Emperor of Japan was the supreme leader, and the Cabinet, whose Prime Minister would be elected by a Privy Council, were his followers; in practice, the Emperor was head of state but the Prime Minister was the actual head of government of Japan.
Pro-Life Alliance of Gays and Lesbians

Pro-Life Alliance of Gays and Lesbians are a club of LGBT persons who go against abortion while at the same time representing the LGBT community. The group were established around 1990 in Minneapolis and Washington, D.C. The group advocates for alternatives to abortion.
Political organizations based in Washington, D.C.
Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain (also called a stomach ache) is a pain or ache in the abdomen. It can be caused by different things, including food poisoning, indigestion, constipation, gastritis, an ulcer, hunger, appendicitis, stomach cancer or diverticulitis.
Talaba SC

Al-Talaba Sports Club is an Iraqi football club which plays in Baghdad.
Allsång på Skansen

Allsang pa Skansen is a sing-along event at Skansen in the town of Stockholm in Sweden, which first started on 26 May 1935. Originally broadcast over Sveriges Radio, broadcasts on Sveriges Television began on 3 August 1979.
Progressivism

The idea of progress is the belief that human society gets better and better over time. Progressivism is a kind of politics based on social progress. It is also a . Progress started being supported by many philosophers in the Age of Enlightenment. They believed that new inventions and scientific discoveries would make people's lives better.
Progressivism often supports reforms and change. It is related to liberalism and egalitarianism.
Politics
Progressive politics generally wants to change government in a new way. Unlike conservatism which wants to keep government similar. It most often refers to a political movement in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, called the Progressive Era. In the United States, these people wanted to change politics, which was at that time run by big business and corrupt political machines. Most of the people who believed in the Progressive Movement were part of the middle class. Some of the leaders of the progressive movement were Theodore Roosevelt, Hiram Johnson , William Howard Taft, Robert M. La Follette, Sr., Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Howard Dean.
Auf Wiedersehen, Pet

Auf Wiedersehen, Pet is a British drama television program about English migrant builders. The show was created by Franc Roddam and mostly written by Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais. It was shown on ITV from 1983-1986 and on BBC One from 2002-2004. It stars Christopher Fairbank, Christopher Holton, Tim Healy, Gary Holton, Jimmy Nail, Pat Roach, Timothy Spall and Kevin Whately.
In the first series, the men work on a building site in Dusseldorf, Germany.
Wish upon a Pike

Wish upon a Pike () is a 1938 Soviet fantasy movie directed by Aleksandr Rou. It stars Pyotr Savin, Maria Kravchunovskaya, and Georgy Millyar.
Oblasts of Ukraine

The Oblasts of Ukraine are primary administrative units in Ukraine. There are 24 oblasts in Ukraine. Every oblast is further split into raions.
Laugh

A laugh is a way of showing happiness. It is a vocal sound which a person makes when something is funny, like a joke, or a tickle.
Sometimes people laugh when they are not happy. When people are ashamed or embarrassed, sometimes they react by laughing.
There are different ways to laugh. A person can laugh using mostly their voice, mostly their throat, or mostly their nose.
You can write a laugh in different ways. Some people write "ha ha ha", or "he he he", or "hehe". If they are on the internet, they also use "LOL". "LOL" does not sound like a laugh, but it stands for Laughing Out Loud.
Human babies first laugh at the age of around three or four months, usually as an expression of surprise. Babies' laughter often produces a positive response in adults who will involuntarily copy the child. Video footage, on the YouTube site, of babies laughing was shown to Queen Elizabeth II during her visit, on 16 October 2008, to the Google headquarters, where both she and her husband the Duke of Edinburgh were reduced to 'fits of giggles'.
List of lost treasures

This is an incomplete list of famous treasures that are currently lost or missing.
Concatenation

Concatenation is a simple concept from linguistics, mathematics and computer science. It is a way of making a new word (or string), by joining two (or more) other strings. For example, the concatenation of "snow" and "ball" is "snowball". In most languages if we write x = "snow" + "ball", then the value of x will be "snowball". But to do the same in SQL we would write "snow"||"ball".
Camp Dubois

Camp Dubois is near present-day Wood River, Illinois. It served as the winter camp and launch-point for the exploration of the Louisiana Purchase by the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
Darwinopterus

Darwinopterus (meaning "Darwin's wing") is a genus of pterosaur, discovered in China and named after Charles Darwin. It is the first known pterosaur to display features of both long-tailed (rhamphorhynchoid) and short-tailed (pterodactyloid) pterosaurs. Darwinopterus is a transitional fossil between the two groups.
Between 30 and 40 fossil specimens have been found, all collected from the Tiaojishan Formation, which dates to the Middle Jurassic, 160 million years ago (mya). The type species, D. modularis, was described in February 2010.
Two additional species, D. linglongtaensis and D. robustodens, were described from the same fossil beds in December 2010 and June 2011, respectively.
The specimens showed sexual dimorphism: the males had crests on their heads, and narrower hips than the females.
Mosaic features
This genus, and its near relatives, show a combination of 'primitive' (basal) and 'advanced' (derived) pterosaurian features. This is characteristic of transitional fossils ('missing links'), and is called modular evolution or mosaic evolution.
Darwinopterus had long tails and other features of rhamphorhynchoids, they also had distinct pterodactyloid features, such as long vertebrae in the neck and a single skull opening in front of the eyes.
Eggs
The specimen preserved along with an egg gave information on the reproductive strategies of Darwinopterus and pterosaurs in general.
Like the eggs of later pterosaurs and modern reptiles, the eggs of Darwinopterus had a parchment-like, soft shell. In modern birds, the eggshell is hardened with calcium carbonate, completely shielding the embryo from the outside environment. Soft-shelled eggs are permeable to water, and allow significant amounts to be absorbed into the egg during development. Eggs of this type are more vulnerable to the elements and are typically buried in soil.
David Unwin, a co-author of the paper, suggested that Darwinopterus probably laid many small eggs at a time and buried them. Juveniles could fly upon hatching, and required little to no parental care.
These results imply that reproduction in pterosaurs was more like that in modern reptiles and significantly differed from reproduction in birds.
Interrupt latency

In Realtime Operating Systems (RTOS), interrupt latency is the time between the generation of an interrupt by a device (or a peripheral) and servicing the device which generated the interrupt. For many operating systems (OS), the OS code is programmed so that devices are serviced as soon as the device's interrupt handler is executed. Interrupt latency depends on the CPU, interrupt controllers, interrupt masking, and the operating system's (OS) "interrupt handling methods".
Richard Dutruel

Richard Dutruel (born 24 December 1972) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.
Makoto Tanaka

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Tanaka was born in Shizuoka on August 8, 1975. After graduating from Shimizu Commercial High School, he joined J1 League club Jubilo Iwata in 1994. From 1997, he became a regular player as center back and central player in golden era in the club history. The club won many title 1997, 1999, 2002 J1 League, 1998 J.League Cup and 2003 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won the champions 1998-99 Asian Club Championship and the 2nd place 1999-00 and 2000-01 Asian Club Championship. He left the club end of 2008 season for generational change. He moved to J2 League club Avispa Fukuoka in 2009. The club won the 3rd place in 2010 and was promoted to J1 League. He retired end of the 2011 season.
In July 1996, Tanaka was selected the Japan U-23 national team for 1996 Summer Olympics. He played as center back of 3 back defender in all 3 matches. Although Japan won 2 matches, Japan lost at First round. At this time, Japan won Brazil in first game. It was known as "Miracle of Miami" (maiaminoQi Ji ) in Japan.
On April 25, 2004, Tanaka debuted for Japan national team against Hungary. After the debut, he played many matches as center back. At 2004 Asian Cup, he played all 6 matches and Japan won the champions. In 2005, he also played many matches including 2006 World Cup qualification and 2005 Confederations Cup. In 2006, he was selected Japan for 2006 World Cup. But he left the team for injury before the World Cup. He played 32 games for Japan until 2006.
Cathy McMorris Rodgers

Cathy McMorris Rodgers (born May 22, 1969) is the U.S. Representative for Washington's 5th congressional district since 2005. She chairs the Republican Conference of the United States House of Representatives, and was the vice-chair of the House Republican Conference from 2009 to 2013. McMorris Rodgers is a member of the Republican Party.
McMorris Rodgers was born on May 22, 1969 in Salem, Oregon. She studied at Pensacola Christian College and at University of Washington. She is married to Brian Rodgers. They have three children.
Shoshone, Idaho

Shoshone is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Lamarsh

Lamarsh is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 177 people living in Lamarsh.
Namps-Maisnil

Namps-Maisnil is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Sabine Bergmann-Pohl

Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (born 20 April 1946) is a German conservative politician. She was the last head of state of East Germany from 5 April to 2 October 1990. On 3 October, East and West Germany were reunited.
She was born in Eisenach and studied medicine. She joined the CDU in 1981 and, after East Germany's only free elections, held in March 1990, became a member of the Volkskammer. On 5 April 1990 she became the President of the Volkskammer and, as the Council of State of the German Democratic Republic had been abolished, head of state of East Germany - the only woman to hold the post.
She met with former United States President Ronald Reagan in East Berlin before reunification and said "Mr. President, we have much to thank you for."
Upon reunification she was named a Minister Without Portfolio. She was Federal Minister for Special Affairs from 1990 to 1991, and Under-Secretary of State for Health between 1991 and 1998. She also became a member of the Bundestag.
She retired from the Bundestag in September 2002. She is a Lutheran.
Debian Free Software Guidelines

The Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG) is a set of guidelines (rules) that the Debian Project uses to decide whether a software license is a free software license, which is used to decide whether a piece of software can be included in Debian. The DFSG is part of the Debian Social Contract.
The guidelines
Free redistribution.
Inclusion of source code.
Allowing for modifications and derived works.
Integrity of the author's source code
No discrimination against persons or groups.
No discrimination against fields of endeavor, like commercial use.
The license needs to apply to all to whom the program is redistributed.
License must not be specific to Debian.
License must not contaminate other software.
The GPL, BSD, and Artistic licenses are examples of licenses thought of as free.
History
The DFSG was first published together with the first version of the Debian Social Contract in July 1997. The primary authors were Bruce Perens and several other Debian developers at the time.
Application
Software
Most discussions about the DFSG happen on the debian-legal mailing list. When a Debian Developer first uploads a package to be included in Debian, the ftpmaster team checks the software licenses and decides whether they follow the DFSG's rules. The team sometimes discusses with the debian-legal list in difficult cases.
Non-software content
The DFSG is focused on software, but in June 2004 the Debian project decided to use the same rules on software documentation, multimedia data and other content. The non-software content of Debian began to follow the DFSG more strictly in Debian 4.0 (released in April 2007) and following releases.
Gauteng

Gauteng ( ; ; Sotho: Gauteng ; ; Tsonga: Gauteng/eXilungwini; Ndebele, ; ; ) is a province of South Africa. It is the smallest province by area, though it also has the greatest number of people. Its capital is Johannesburg, the largest city in South Africa. It also hosts South Africa's executive capital, Pretoria.
Geography
The province borders the provinces of North West (west), the Free State (south), Limpopo (north), and Mpumalanga (east).
Toshio Ojima

Toshio Ojima is a Japanese architect, educator, environmentalist, urban environmental engineer, and urban scientist. He is a doctor of engineering. Born in Toyama Prefecture. At Waseda University, he worked on education and research on the architectural and urban environment, and put his research results into practice.
Wayne County, Tennessee

Wayne County is a county located in Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, 16,232 people lived here. Its county seat is Waynesboro.
Harry Rosen Inc.

Harry Rosen Inc. is a Canadian retail chain with 17 luxury men's clothing stores. Harry Rosen operate for 40 percent of the Canadian market in clothes for man in 2008.
The company was founded by Harry Rosen in 1954. In 2009, Harry Rosen opened their own website. Shipping is limited to Canadian addresses.
Ben Nelson

Earl Benjamin "Ben" Nelson (born May 17, 1941) is a former U.S. Senator from Nebraska and member of United States Democratic Party. Before that he was 37th Governor of Nebraska. He was born in McCook, Nebraska.
Washington Capitols

The Washington Capitols were a basketball that played in the NBA from 1946 to 1951, when it folded (stopped being a team). They went to the NBA Finals in 1949, when they were beaten by the Minneapolis Lakers. Their coach was Red Auerbach, and their players include Bob Feerick and Horace McKinney.
Arre (river)

The Arre is a river in southeastern France, in the Gard department in the Occitanie region. It is a right tributary of the Herault river.
Geography
The Arre river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .
Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Le Vigan in the Gard department.
Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Le Vigan
Course
The Arre starts in the commune of Alzon, Gard department in the Cevennes National Park between the places called Roc de Berdu, Boucaret and Case Vieille, at an altitude of about . From here, the river flows in general to the east.
The Arre joins, as a right tributary, the Herault river in the commune Roquedur, near the small town of Pont d'Herault (commune of Saint-Andre-de-Majencoules), at an altitude of about .
The river flows through the Gard department, in the Occitanie region, and through a total of 9 communes: Alzon, Arre, Arrigas, Aumessas, Aveze, Bez-et-Esparon, Molieres-Cavaillac, Saint-Andre-de-Majencoules, Le Vigan.
Main tributaries
The only important tributary of the Arre is the Coudoulous, a left tributary long.
Boyukagha Hajiyev

Boyukagha Hajiyev (, (20 April 1958 - 16 March 2018) was an Azerbaijani professional footballer and football manager.
In 1999, he was appointed as a head coach of Araz Nakhchivan but club was dissolved a year later. In 2005, he worked in Azerbaijan national football team, assisting Vagif Sadygov.
In 2006, he returned to Azerbaijan and worked as president consultant at FC Baku.
Death
In February 2018, Hajiyev suffered a heart attack which left him hospitalized for a month. He died on 16 March 2018 from heart attack-related complications at the age of 59.
Achievements
Azerbaijan Premier League: (2005-06, 2011-12, 2012-13)
Azerbaijan Cup: 2012-13, 2013-14
Individual
Shohrat Order: 2012
Statistics
Information correct as of match played 31 August 2014. Only competitive matches are counted.
Bundorf

Bundorf is a municipality in Hassberge in Bavaria in Germany.
Scotland County, Missouri

Scotland County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Memphis. In 2020, 4,716 people lived there. The county was organized on January 29, 1841, and named for Scotland.
Tornado outbreak of March 2–3, 2020

On the night of March 2, 2020, and into the morning of March 3, a series of large tornadoes touched down across middle Tennessee, including a tornado that impacted downtown Nashville and one confirmed touchdown in Western Tennessee between Bradford and Skullbone. 25 people have been confirmed dead, at least 150 are injured, and more than 70,000 people lost power in the storm.
The path of the Nashville tornado was very similar to the one that hit East Nashville in 1998. Tornadoes were also reported in southeastern Missouri and western Kentucky.
Governor Bill Lee declared a state of emergency for all of Tennessee. President Donald Trump is scheduled to visit the state on March 6.
Manhattan Chess Club

The Manhattan Chess Club is the second-oldest chess club in the United States (after the Mechanics' Institute Chess Club in San Francisco). The club was founded in 1877 and permanently closed in 2002.
The Scotsman

The Scotsman is a daily newspaper from Scotland, United Kingdom. It has recently been changed to a compact form, but the Sunday version remains a broadsheet
Venus flytrap

The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant (a plant that eats small animals, such as insects). Carnivorous plants grow in soil that has little nitrogen. They get nitrogen from the insects they trap. This nitrogen is used to make intravenous food like proteins and fats.
The Venus flytrap is one of a very small group of plants that can snap shut very quickly. When an insect or spider crawls along the leaves and touches a hair, the trap closes only if a different hair is touched within twenty seconds of the first touch. The two-touch trigger means that little energy is wasted on things that are not food.
Appearance
The Venus flytrap is a small plant, with small leaves. Its clam-shaped leaves look rather like flowers, and so they attract insects. When they are open, they are red and smell sweet. They have stiff hairs on each edge. Inside the leaves, there are very sensitive, tiny hairs which cause the leaves to snap shut when they are touched. Two hairs must be touched to make the leaves close. This makes it more likely that the thing that touched its hair is living.Then it secretes juices to digest the insect
Nutrition
The Venus flytrap feeds on insects, such as ants, beetles, woodlice, worms, flies, grasshoppers, and moths.
First it traps the insect inside its leaves, and then lets out a liquid that helps digest the trapped animal. The plant consumes the insect and takes the nitrogen from the insect's body.
The Venus flytrap makes sugar by photosynthesis. The insects give it nutrients which it cannot get from the waterlogged soil. With the nutrients it can build up enzymes and other molecules which need trace elements as well as sugars and amino acids.
House plants
Venus flytraps were first discovered in North America on the coast of North and South Carolina, where it grows wild near the Cape Fear River. However, people anywhere can grow Venus flytraps in pots. Venus flytraps in pots need water and soil without calcium or nitrogen in it. It is named after the Roman goddess of love, Venus.
Maciej Stryjkowski

Maciej Stryjkowski was a Polish historian.
In 1577, he wrote an epic poem On the beginnings of the famed nation of Lithuania (...), it was not published until after his death. He died around the year 1593.
Bradley

Bradley (formerly North Kankakee) is a village in Kankakee County, Illinois. It has a population of about 15,000 people.
Robert W. Sweet

Robert Workman Sweet (October 15, 1922 - March 24, 2019) was an American jurist. He was a Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York from 1978 to 1991. He was born in Yonkers, New York. Sweet was nominated by President Jimmy Carter.
Sweet died on March 24, 2019 at his home in Ketchum, Idaho from pneumonia, aged 96.
Bollywood Hungama

Bollywood Hungama (previously known as IndiaFM or IndiaFM.com) is a Bollywood entertainment website, owned by Hungama Digital Media Entertainment, which acquired the website in 2000. The website provides news related to the Indian film industry, particularly Bollywood, film reviews and box office reports. Launched on 15 June 1998, the website was originally named "IndiaFM.com". It changed its name to "Bollywood Hungama" in 2008. Bollywood Hungama release their images under the CC-BY-3.0 license.
Tim Heidecker

Timothy Richard Heidecker (; born February 3, 1976) is an American comedian, writer, director, actor, and musician. He is best known as one half of the comedy duo Tim & Eric, along with Eric Wareheim. They are known for creating the television shows Tom Goes to the Mayor, Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!, and Tim & Eric's Bedtime Stories.
Heidecker was born and raised in Allentown, Pennsylvania.
Everglades National Park

Everglades National Park is an American national park that protects the southern twenty percent of the original Everglades in Florida. The park is the largest tropical wilderness in the United States and the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River. An average of one million people visit the park each year.
Everglades is the third-largest national park in the contiguous United States after Death Valley and Yellowstone.
UNESCO declared the Everglades & Dry Tortugas Biosphere Reserve in 1976 and listed the park as a World Heritage Site in 1979.
Canadian Club

Canadian Club (also commonly known as just C.C.) is a Canadian brand of whisky. Canadian Club was created by Gooderham and Worts. It is currently being produced by Beam Suntory.
History
Canadian Club started being made in 1858. The first distillery was created in Walkerville, Ontario. They decided to create the distillery in Walkerville because of the good quality of the local grains that were there.
The whisky was popular in the late 19th century in gentlemen's clubs of Canada and the United States. It was known as "Club Whisky" because of this. After it became very popular, American distillers decided to petition to include the word "Canada" on the bottle to identify it from their competing whiskies. By doing this, they thought that it would stop the popularity of the whisky. However, this made the whisky even more exclusive. In 1889, Walker changed the label and added the word "Canadian" to the top of the label. In 1890, the label was changed again, with "Canadian" being moved down from the top of the label and incorporated into the name of the whisky.
During the Prohibition years, one of Canadian Club's most important clients was gangster Al Capone. He would smuggle thousands of cases of Canadian Club through a route from Windsor to Detroit.
The whisky has received royal warrants from Queen Victoria, Edward VII, George V, George VI, and Elizabeth II. Hiram Walker & Sons were the only North American distiller to receive a royal warrant.
540

Events
Emperor Kimmei, reign of 29th emperor of Japan starts (540-571)
Vitiges of the Ostrogoths surrendered to the Byzantine army.
Raasay

Raasay is an island in the Inner Hebrides near Skye. The highest elevation is 444 m (1,457 ft) at Dun Caan. Raasay has a population of 161 people as of 2017.
India–Pakistan maritime trespassing

India-Pakistan maritime trespassing refers to the frequent trespassing and violation of respective national territorial waters of India and Pakistan in peacetime. Most trespassing is common to Pakistani and Indian fishermen operating along the coastline of the Indian state of Gujarat and the Pakistani province of Sindh within the disputed region of Rann of Kachchh.
Josh Homme

Joshua Michael Homme ( ; born May 17, 1973) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He is best known as the founder, primary songwriter, and only continuous member of the rock band Queens of the Stone Age.
Ajoux

Ajoux is a town and commune of the Ardeche departement, in the southern part of France.
Hans-Peter Dürr

Hans-Peter Durr (October 7, 1929 - May 18, 2014) was a German physicist. He worked on nuclear and quantum physics, elementary particles and gravitation, epistemology, and philosophy. He was born in Stuttgart and died in Munich.
George Bandy

George Bandy (February 7, 1945 - January 16, 2018) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 83rd District, being first elected in 1994. He was born in Opelika, Alabama.
Bandy served on the Lee County Commission, and served as president pro tempore of the Opelika City Council. He has also served as chairman of the Alabama Democratic Conference.
Bandy died on January 16, 2018 in a hospital in Macon, Georgia of pulmonary fibrosis at the age of 72.
Any-Martin-Rieux

Any-Martin-Rieux is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Elena Ceaușescu

Elena Ceausescu (; nee Lenuta Petrescu; 7 January 1916 - 25 December 1989) was a Romanian communist politician. She was the wife of Nicolae Ceausescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party and leader of the Socialist Republic of Romania. She was also the Deputy Prime Minister of Romania.
She and her husband Nicolae were publicly executed by a firing squad on 25 December 1989.
Sparky Animation

Sparky Animation is a Singaporean animation company. They focus on movie and television.
Michael Boskin

Michael Jay Boskin (born September 23, 1945) is an American economist, businessman and politician. He is the T. M. Friedman Professor of Economics and senior Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
He also is Chief Executive Officer and President of Boskin & Co., an economic consulting company.
During the presidency of George H. W. Bush, he was the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers between 1989 to 1993.
Catatumbo River

Catatumbo River is a river that flows through Colombia and Venezuela. It is about long, and flows into Lake Maracaibo.
E-mail attachment

An e-mail attachment is a computer file that is sent along with an e-mail message. The user can attach one or more files to any e-mail message. E-mail attachments are a simple method to share documents and images. A paper clip icon is usually used to signify an attachment.
When It's Love

"When It's Love" is a 1988 song by hard rock band Van Halen and taken from their eighth studio album OU812. It went to number 5 in the United States, number 23 in Ireland and number 28 in the United Kingdom.
British Rail Class 206

The British Rail Class 206 or 3R was a type of diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU) first created in 1964. They were re-formed from Class 201 and Class 416 vehicles for use on Reading-Redhill-Tonbridge (North Downs Line) services. Six three-car sets were created, numbered 1201-1206. They were nicknamed 'Tadpole' units because of the contrast between the wide-bodied 416 'head' and the narrow-bodied 206 'tail'.
Philippsburg

Philippsburg is a city in Germany. It is in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Wurttemberg.
Nawabganj District

Nawabganj () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division.
The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault

The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault was a one-time live American television special broadcast in April of 1986. It was hosted by Geraldo Rivera. The program was about the opening of a secret vault once owned by Al Capone. The program is best known for the vault being empty except for a few pieces of trash.
Pougny, Ain

Pougny is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Broeck Pointe, Kentucky

Broeck Pointe is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Jack Page (politician)

Jack Page (January 18, 1950 - December 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 29th district from 1993 to 2010. He was born in Kokura, Kyushu, Japan.
Page died of COVID-19 on December 14, 2020, in Gadsden, Alabama at age 70.
Eneco Tour of Benelux

The Eneco Tour of Benelux is a UCI ProTour bicycle stage race. Its name refers to its main sponsor, the energy company Eneco Energie. The first Eneco Tour of Benelux took place from August 3 to August 10 2005
History
The Tour of the Netherlands began on 6 May 1948, but only became an annual event in 1975. From about 2000 it was known as the Eneco tour. The start of the UCI's ProTour in 2005 saw the tour reorganised.
Organization
The then UCI president Hein Verbruggen wanted to keep the Tour of the Netherlands for "marketing reasons". (Part of the UCI's job is to make cycling more popular). The Dutch Tour organisation got a better sponsor (ENECO Energie). But because the race was not difficult enough for the new ProTourthe race organisers asked the organisers of the Tour of Belgium and the Tour de Luxembourg. The idea was a Tour of the Benelux that would replace the three. The Tours of Belgium and Luxembourg will carry on. The organisers of the Tour of Luxembourg did not want to join the new big race, so the Eneco tour only covers Belgium and the Netherlands.
Winners
General classification
The overall winner of the race by time wears a red jersey (Dutch: Rode trui or French: Maillot rouge).
Points classification
In 2005, the overall winner of the race by points (Dutch: Puntenklassement) wears a blue jersey (Dutch: Blauwe trui or French: Maillot bleu). This was changed to a white jersey however in 2006.
Mountains classification
No jersey is awarded for leading this classification.
Young rider classification
Before 2007, the best young (under 25) rider of the race got to wear a yellow jersey. (Dutch: Gele trui or French: Maillot jaune).
Fjärås kyrkby

Fjaras kyrkby is a locality in Kungsbacka Municipality in Halland County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,321 people lived there. The place is located at the shorelines of the lake of Lygnern.
Mykhailo Kushnerenko

Mykhailo Kushnerenko (; 18 August 1938 - 2 April 2021) was a Ukrainian politician. He was Governor of Kherson Oblast from 1997 to 1998. He was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1989 to 1991.
Kushnerenko died on 2 April 2021 in Kiev, Ukraine at the age of 82.
Derbyshire Dome

The Derbyshire Dome is one of the keys to understanding the middle part of England. It is a geological formation across mid-Derbyshire in England.
The White Peak area of the Peak District is named after the limestone plateau landscape of the 'Derbyshire Dome' anticline. It was laid down in a tropical sea about 350 million years ago in the Carboniferous period. Later the limestone raised above water in a dome shape. It was eroded so that many caverns existed. This is described as a karst landscape.
The plateau is mostly between 200m and 300m above sea level. This limestone outcrop is surrounded on the west, north and east by a horseshoe-shaped formation of younger sandstones (gritstones) and shales, known as the Dark Peak (see diagram). The town of Buxton is at the western edge of the limestone region. The Triassic sandstones of the Midlands plain are the south edge of the limestone region.
The ground is hard to move across. Evidently much of it was made of coral reefs, which are very tough and irregular. The roads of the Peak District are narrow and winding. Motorways avoid the Peak District by being to the East and West of the dome.
The other main karst landscapes of England are the Yorkshire Dales and the Mendip Hills.
Harris Wofford

Harris Llewellyn Wofford, Jr. (April 9, 1926 - January 21, 2019) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1991 to 1995.
Career
Wofford was also the fifth president of Bryn Mawr College from 1970 to 1978, served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Democratic Party in 1986, as Pennsylvania Secretary of Labor and Industry in the cabinet of Governor Robert P. Casey from 1987 to 1991 and was a surrogate for Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.
He introduced Obama in Philadelphia at the National Constitution Center before Obama's speech on race in America, A More Perfect Union.
Personal life
In 1948, Wofford married Clare Lindgren and they later had three children. She died in 1996. In 2016, Wofford announced that he would marry Matthew Charlton, his companion of many years.
Wofford died on January 21, 2019 at a hospital in Washington, D.C. from complications of a fall at the age of 92.
Lyudmila Pavlichenko

Lyudimila Mykhailivna Pavlichenko (12 July 1916 10 October 1974 was a Ukrainian Soviet sniper. She shot German soldiers in World War 2. She was one of the top military snipers of all time, and is credited with 309 kills. She was the most successful female sniper in history.
Aziz Akhannouch

Aziz Akhannouch (; born 1961) is a Moroccan politician and businessman. Akhannouch is the Prime Minister of Morocco since 2021. He was Minister of Agriculture from 2007 to 2021, and President of the regional council of Souss-Massa region from 2003 to 2007. He became Secretary General of National Rally of Independents party since 2016.
On the Forbes list of richest men in Africa in 2020, Akhennouch was 12th.
Diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics

The diving competitions at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place from 29 July to 11 August at the Aquatics Centre in the Olympic Park. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with swimming, water polo and synchronised swimming.
The 2012 Games had competitions in eight events (men and women events each of): 3m springboard, synchronised 3m springboard, 10m platform, and synchronised 10m platform.
The diving had 136 athletes representing 25 countries. All divers must be at least 14 years old on or by 31 December 2012.
China was the most successful nation, topping the medal table with six golds and ten in total.
Qualification
A nation could have no more than 16 divers qualify (up to eight males and eight females) and could enter up to two divers in individual events and one pair in synchronised events.
For the individual diving events, qualifiers were:
the top 12 finishers in each event from the 2011 World Championships,
the five continental champions in each event, and
up to 18 semi-finalists from the 2012 Diving World Cup.
For the synchronised events (pairs), qualifiers were:
the top three finishers in each event from the 2011 World Championships,
the top four from in each event the 2012 World Cup, and
the host nation (Great Britain).
Note: Qualifying spots go to the nation - they are not tied to the individual diver who achieved the place/finish at the qualifying event. However, an individual diver may only qualify one spot for their nation.
1284

1284 was a leap year.
Births
April 25 - Edward II of England (died 1327), King of England
Dominique Colonna

Dominique Colonna (born 4 September 1928) is a former French footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. Colonna was born in Corte, Haute-Corse. He played for the French national team from 1957 to 1961 and for the Cameroon national team from 1965 to 1970. He won the Coupe de France in 1958.
Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai () is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia. The administrative center is the city of Chita. In 2010, 1,107,107 people lived there.
The krai was created on 1 March 2008 from the merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug.
Warfare in southern Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War

Fighting in southern Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War has been going on since 2014. The war between Russia and Ukraine became bigger in February 2022, when Russia invaded Ukraine. Fighting is still going on in southern Ukraine, as of 2023's third quarter.
The 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive started in June.
Battles and taking control of land
Battle of Huliaipole; More and more Ukrainian soldiers were gathered around Huliaipole (media said on December 19, 2022); In response, more and more Russian soldiers gathered around Melitopol. Most fighting is in Huliaipole, Zaporizhzhia Oblast.
Dnieper clashes; In 2023, Ukrainian soldiers have (again) been making incursions and taking part in skirmishes on the eastern bank of the Dnieper River.
As of May 2023, ISW said that some Ukrainian soldiers (were in control of, or) were staying on the southern part of the island Ostriv Velykyi Potomkin.
In May 2023, the ISW said that Ukrainian soldiers had taken control of Toloka Island and the Zburivsksyi Kut bay at the mouth of the river delta. Also, the ISW said that there was significant (fighting or) partisan activity in Hola Prystan and Oleshky against the Russian administrators at those places.
Dachi, a village on the East Bank of the Dnieper River - and near the Antonivka Road Bridge, is under the control of Ukrainian soldiers (as of April 2023). Antonivsky island, which is swampy, is under Ukrainian control.
In January 2023, a Russian milblogger said that Ukrainian soldiers were still doing reconnaissance on Kinburn Spit. Ukrainian authorities gave support to that claim.
Ended in 2022
Kherson counteroffensive, ended November 11, 2022; It happended in Kherson oblast.
Ukraine took the city of Kherson back on November 11, 2022. The city is in Kherson oblast.
Ukraine took Davydiv Brid back on October 4, 2022. The place is in Kherson oblast.
Battle of Davydiv Brid, ended 16 June, 2022.
Battle of Mykolaiv, ended April 8, 2022. Ukrainian soldiers kept the city. The battle took place in Mykolaiv, Mykolaiv Oblast.
Battle of Kherson, ended 2 March, 2022.
Ended in 2014
During the Offensive on Mariupol, Russian and Russian-backed separatist troops supporting the Donetsk People's Republic moved towards the city of Mariupol. Fighting started in the outskirts of the city on September 6, 2014.