Peyo

Pierre Culliford (25 June 1928 - 24 December 1992), known as Peyo, was a Belgian comics artist. He is best known for making The Smurfs comic strip.
Peyo was born in 1928 in Brussels. He was the son of an English father and a Belgian mother. On Christmas Eve 1992, Peyo died of a heart attack in Brussels at age 64.
Career
He went to the Academie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. Peyo began work at the Compagnie Belge d'Animation (CBA), a small Belgian animation studio. There he met a few of his future colleagues, like Andre Franquin, Morris and Eddy Paape. He made his first comics for the newspaper La Derniere Heure (The Latest Hour). From 1949 to 1952, he drew Poussy, a stop comic about a cat, for Le Soir. For the same newspaper, he also made Johan.
In 1952, Franquin introduced Peyo to Le Journal de Spirou. It was a children's comics magazine published by Dupuis which was first in Belgium in 1938. Peyo wrote and drew a lot of characters and storylines. His favourite was Johan et Pirlouit (translated into English as Johan and Peewit). Set in the Middle Ages in Europe, Johan et Pirlouit stars a brave young page to the king, and his faithful, if boastful and cheating, midget sidekick. Johan defends the meek on his trusty horse, while Peewit gallops behind on his goat, named Biquette.
Smurfs
The first smurf appeared in Johan and Peewit on 23 October 1958 in the album La Flute a Six Schtroumpfs (The Six Smurfed Flute). As the smurfs became more popular, Peyo started a studio in the early 1960s. Many talented comic artists started to work. The most notable artists to come from this studio are Walthery, Wasterlain, Gos, Derib, Degieter, and Desorgher.
In 1959, the Smurfs got their own series. Many authors of the Marcinelle school worked together on the writing or as an artist. These include Willy Maltaite (aka 'Will'), Yvan Delporte, and Roger Leloup. Peyo became more of a businessman and supervisor. He let his son, Thierry Culliford, lead the studio. His daughter Veronique was responsible for the merchandising.
The merchandising of the Smurfs began in 1959. The PVC figurines were the most important piece until the late 1970s. Then, with the success of the Smurf records by Father Abraham, the Smurfs got more international success. Some of the toys reached the United States. Hanna-Barbera made a Saturday morning animated series in 1981. Peyo was story supervisor.
Bibliography
Blair Investigates (Beatriz Enqueter), 1968-1992, 25 albums by Dupuis, story by Stan and Jan Berenstain
Jacky and Celestin, 1960-1978: 10 stories in Le Soir, 4 albums by Dupuis: artwork by Francois Walthery, Francis, Jo-El Azara and Mittei, stories by Peyo, Gos, and Vicq
Johan and Peewit, 1952-1970: 13 albums by Dupuis
Natacha, 1992: 1 album by Dupuis, artwork by Walthery, story by Peyo
Pierrot: 1991, 1 album by Cartoon Creation
Poussy, 1977-1978, 3 albums by Dupuis
The Smurfs (Les Schtroumpfs), 1959-1992, 17 albums by Dupuis: additional artwork by Alain Maury and Luc Parthoens, additional stories by Yvan Delporte, Gos, Thierry Culliford
Spirou et Fantasio, 1969, 1 album by Dupuis, artwork by Andre Franquin and Jidehem, story by Peyo and Gos
Steven Strong (Benoit Brisefer), 1960-1978, 7 albums by Dupuis, additional artwork by Will, Walthery, Marc Wasterlain and Albert Blesteau, additional stories by Yvan Delporte, Gos, and Blesteau
Awards and honours
He received the Youth Prize (9-12 years) award 1984 at the Angouleme International Comics Festival, France.
The 50th anniversary of The Smurfs and the 80th anniversary of the birth of its creator, was celebrated by issuing a high-value collectors' coin: the Belgian 5 euro, minted in 2008.