kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
DJ Snake

William Sami Etienne Girgahcine (born 13 June, 1986), better known by his stage name DJ Snake, is a French DJ and record producer who mixes hip hop and electronic music.
He gained international success with the singles "Bird Machine" and "Turn Down For What" in 2013. He collaborated with Dillon Francis and Diplo in 2014. "Bird Machine" is a collaboration with French act Alesia. The song was released in February 2013 on Mad Decent, a Los Angeles-based record label run by Diplo. In June 2013, DJ Snake was invited by Diplo to do a live mix on his radio show "Diplo & Friends" which airs on BBC Radio 1.
Career
Lady Gaga
In 2011, Snake produced an album for Lady Gaga. He also co-produced the Lady Gaga songs "Applause" and "Do What U Want" featuring R. Kelly.
Singles released
In 2013, he released "Bird Machine" with Alesia and "Turn Down For What" with Lil Jon. On 11 February 2014, he collaborated with Dillon Francis on his single "Get Low". In March 2015, he collaborated with American electronic dance music trio Major Lazer on their single "Lean On". He released "Talk" with George Maple and "Let Me Love You" with Justin Bieber in 2016. He also released "Taki Taki" with Selena Gomez, Cardi B, and Ozuna. Also he released songs with Sean Paul and Young Thug.
Remixes
As a remixer, Snake has made remixes for artists, including AlunaGeorge, Kanye West, Major Lazer, Duck Sauce, Junior Senior, amongst others.
Unmarried

Unmarried is a 1939 American drama movie directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Helen Twelvetrees, Buck Jones, Donald O'Connor, Virginia Vale, Larry Crabbe, Robert Armstrong. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Quad City DJ’s

Quad City DJ's is a American music group formed in 1988.
Wágner (footballer, born 1973)

Wagner Pires de Almeida (born 27 December 1973) is a Brazilian football player.
Maurice Wilkes

Professor Sir Maurice Vincent Wilkes (26 June 1913, Dudley, Worcestershire -- 29 November 2010) was a British computer scientist, called the "father of British computing".
Career
He invented the first usable stored program computer called EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) at Cambridge University in 1949.
He also developed the idea of using software to program a computer, instead of a fixed electronic circuit. He was knighted for his achievements in 2000.
Wilkes was the first President of the British Computing Society.
Édison Realpe

Edison Gabriel Realpe Solis (13 April 1996 - 22 December 2019) was an Ecuadorian footballer who played for L.D.U. Quito.
Realpe began his career with Guayaquil City in 2014.
On 31 January 2018, Realpe was loaned out to L.D.U. Quito for the 2018 season. After the loan spell ended, he signed permanently for the club.
Realpe was killed in a car accident near Esmeraldas at the age of 23.
Dune (2021 movie)

Dune is an epic science fiction movie directed by Denis Villeneuve. It is the first of two movies based off of the 1965 book of the same name by Frank Herbert. It stars Timothee Chalamet, Rebecca Ferguson, Oscar Isaac, Josh Brolin, Stellan Skarsgard, Dave Bautista, Stephen McKinley Henderson, Zendaya, David Dastmalchian, Chang Chen, Sharon Duncan-Brewster, Charlotte Rampling, Jason Momoa and Javier Bardem. Dune was released in movie theatres in the United States on October 22, 2021, by Warner Bros. Pictures. Many people who watched it really enjoyed it, including casual movie-goers and professional film reviewers. The movie made $401.8 million in the box office.
PFC CSKA Sofia

PFC CSKA Sofia (), commonly known as CSKA or CSKA Sofia, is a Bulgarian football team from Sofia, Bulgaria. Since CSKA Sofia was created, the club has won 31 A PFG titles, more than any team in Bulgaria, ever. Also, CSKA Sofia has reached two European Cup semi-finals, four European Cup quarter-finals and one Cup Winners' Cup semi-final, making the team the best in Bulgaria.
Albert Boadella

Albert Boadella Oncins (born 30 July 1943) is a Spanish actor and playwright. He was the director of the company of the independent theater Els Joglars until 2012. Boadella was born in Barcelona.
In 2003 he wrote the screenplay and directed the movie Buen viaje, excelencia, a caricature of the last months of life of the general Franco.
In December 2012 he was awarded the Alfonso Ussia awards in the category of Person of the Year, together with Arturo Fernandez.
Nigel Bruce

William Nigel Ernle Bruce (4 February 1895 - 8 October 1953) was a British actor. He was best known for his role of Dr. Watson in a movie series and in the radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. He also appeared in Alfred Hitchcock movies Rebecca and Suspicion.
Bruce died of a heart attack, in Santa Monica, California at the age of 58.
Byzantine architecture

Byzantine architecture is the architectural style of the Byzantine Empire. This is a term used by modern historians to mean the Eastern Roman Empire based in Constantinople. The empire lasted for more than a millennium. It left a lasting influence on Medieval architecture in Europe and the Near East. It also influenced the later Renaissance architecture and Ottoman architecture.
As a distinctive style
Early Byzantine architecture evolved from Early Christian architecture. The early Christian style typically was a basilica with three or five isles. Usually they had wooden roofs. Vaults and domes were rarely used. Byzantine architecture rarely used three isle or five isle basilicas. In this style domes were frequently used. The Semi-dome was also used, especially over an apse. It reached its highest form with the use of the pendentive. These are usually used to support a dome. The Byzantine pendentive is a geometric form using four triangular legs sitting on a square base. It developed during the 6th century reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. This is when Byzantine architecture became a distinctive style. Windowed domes were also a distinctive feature of this style. The intent was to make the dome look like a crown with jewels of light.
Legacy
In the West, Byzantine architecture was replaced by Romanesque and Gothic architecture. In Asia it had an influence on early Islamic architecture. Later Ottoman architecture was also influenced by the Byzantine style.
Vernon Coaker

Vernon Rodney Coaker (born 17 June 1953) is a British Labour Party politician. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Gedling since 1997.
He also served as the Minister of State for Schools from 2009 to 2010, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence from 2013 to 2015 and Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland from October 2011 to October 2013, and again from September 2015 until his resignation in June 2016 from the Shadow Cabinet.
Mixed forest

Mixed forests are a temperate and humid biome. The forests have four layers. The uppermost layer is the forest canopy of tall, mature trees from 33 to 66 m (100 to 200 feet) high.
Below the canopy is the three-layered understory, about 9 to 15 m (30 to 50 feet) shorter than the canopy. The top layer of the understory has smaller mature trees, saplings. There are also suppressed juvenile canopy layer trees waiting for an opening in the canopy. Below the sub-canopy is the shrub layer of low-growing woody plants. Most of the time, the lowest growing (and most diverse) layer is the ground cover or herbaceous layer.
Sabina Bajagain

Sabina Bajagain (Nepali: sbinaa bjgaaiiN) is a Nepalese politician and a member of the Koshi Provincial Assembly from Rastriya Prajatantra Party. She was elected via 2022 Provincial Assembly election from Jhapa 1 (B).
The Mating of Millie

The Mating of Millie is a 1948 American romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Levin and starring Glenn Ford, Evelyn Keyes, Ron Randell, Willard Parker, Jimmy Hunt, Mabel Paige. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
MGR Kazhagam

MGR Kazhagam is a political party founded and led by R. M. Veerapan. He is the former Minister under All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam for 5 terms at different periods.
MGR Kazhagam which was divided and created from AIADMK supported the DMK alliance in 2004 Lok Sabha elections.
Aport

Aport is a variety of apple that is grown in Russia and some other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. It is over 150 years old. After being brought to the Alatau Mountain area of Kazakhstan in the latter half of the nineteenth century, it was modified to its current state due to the different soil and altitutde. The apples weigh between 200 and 500 grams. The skin is a light green and red color. The meat has a crisp, medium density. The apples are sweet. The aport is a fall-ripening fruit.
In popular culture
The aport apple is a symbol of the city of Almaty.
Prehistoric fish

Prehistoric fish are extinct fish that can be found in any clade.
Umberto I of Italy

Umberto I of Italy (14 March 1844 - 29 July 1900) was King of Italy from 1878 through 1900. He was then succeeded by Victor Emmanuel III of Italy in 1900 .
Francis Bacon (artist)

Francis Bacon (28 October 1909 - 28 April 1992) was an Irish-born British painter. He was famous for his disturbing paintings of crucifixions, popes, self-portraits, and portraits of close friends. He was one of the most recognized British painters of the 20th century.
Wild Fire (band)

Wild Fire is an American rock band founded in Biloxi, Mississippi on November 5, 2015. The band consists of three members: Zack Sawyer on vocals, Wade Sigue on guitar and Tyler Voss on bass. The band released a single on November 5, 2015 called "Villain", which was later included in their debut album that was released on May 23, 2017 titled "Revolt." Revolt contains 15 tracks, one of them being a cover of Dr. Hook's Cover of the Rolling Stone, which was the final track of the album. The band's music is influenced by artists such as Korn, Incubus, Sevendust, Nothing More, Periphery, Twelve Foot Ninja, Avenged Sevenfold, and vocalist Zack Sawyer's past experiences. Wild Fire has been featured at 1065 Fest 2016, Rocklahoma 2017, Gulfport Music Fest 2017, and Inktober Fest 2017.
History
Wild Fire was founded on November 5, 2015 in Biloxi, Mississippi. Wild Fire is originally a transformation from a local band called "Cathercist," which was active for five years before Wild Fire was founded. The band released their first debut album titled Revolt on May 23, 2017. the lead single of the album is titled Villain, which is the band's most popular recording as of February 21, 2018, the music video of the song reaching over 4 million views on YouTube and streamed more than 600,000 times on Spotify. The single also peaked at number 82 of The Media Base Rock Charts in the 3rd quarter of 2017.
In an interview, when Roberts was asked about Villain, he said that the song was about being a villain after he hinted that he didn't write the song. he cited The Joker as an inspiration, saying that "there's always been something so fascinating about [Joker]. He's a villain you fall in love with and every now and again, you can find yourself in those same shoes, so his character becomes very relatable."
The band covered one of Dr. Hook's songs titled "Cover of the Rolling Stone", which is included in Villain. Sawyer revealed that his cousin, Ray Sawyer, is a member in Dr. Hook, and that he's been supportive through the recording process of his band's debut album.
Takeshi Satouchi

Takeshi Satouchi (born 11 January 1957) is a former Japanese football player. He has played for Sumitomo Metals.
Stephen Hawking

Stephen William Hawking (8 January 1942 - 14 March 2018) was a British theoretical physicist and mathematician. He was born in Oxford. In 1950, he moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire. He was one of the world's leading theoretical physicists. Hawking has written many science books for people who are not scientists.
Hawking was a professor of mathematics at the University of Cambridge (a position that Isaac Newton once had). He retired on 1 October 2009.
Hawking had a motor neurone disease, and because of that he could not move or talk very well. The illness worsened over the years and he was almost completely paralysed. He used a wheelchair to move, and an Intel computer to talk for him. He died on 14 March 2018.
Early life and education
Hawking went to St Albans School, a local public school in Hertfordshire. At 17, he passed an exam to study at Oxford. He studied physics and chemistry there. Because he found it really easy at the beginning, he didn't study a lot for the final exams.
In October 1962 he started his graduate course at Trinity Hall. It was at this time that his illness started to show up. He had difficulties in rowing and then even simply in walking. However, he finished his PhD and wrote about black holes in his thesis. He then got a fellowship (a job as a university teacher) at Gonville and Caius College in 1965.
Career
Hawking was a cosmologist--someone who studies the structure of the universe (stars and space). He invented important theories about the Big Bang (the start of the universe), black holes and how they work.
Stephen Hawking predicted that black holes eject some radiation (energy), even though they normally swallow everything. That kind of radiation is named "Hawking Radiation."
Hawking also worked on the problem of quantum gravity. Quantum gravity tries to explain how gravity works with quantum mechanics (physics of tiny things.) That is a hard problem that scientists have not solved yet.
Hawking also wrote popular books about science for non-scientists. His first book, A Brief History of Time, sold over ten million copies. Hawking had many other jobs as well. He was an Actor, Mathematician, etc. More info on the official site
Death
Hawking died on 14 March 2018 in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire of complications from motor neuron disease at the age of 76. His ashes are buried in Westminster Abbey in London near Charles Darwin and Isaac Newton.
Selected publications
Technical
Singularities in Collapsing Stars and Expanding Universes, with D.W. Sciama, 1969. Comments on Astrophysics and Space Physics. Vol 1
Information Loss in Black Holes, Cambridge University Press, 2005
Popular
On The Shoulders of Giants. The Great Works of Physics and Astronomy, Running Press 2002.
Children's books
George's Secret Key to the Universe, with Lucy Hawking. Simon & Taylor Blevins Publishing.
George's Cosmic Treasure Hunt, with Lucy Hawking. Simon & Taylor Blevins Publishing.
George and the Big Bang, with Lucy Hawking. Simon & Taylor Blevins Publishing.
2022 Winter Paralympics

The 2022 Winter Paralympics (), officially known as the XIII Paralympic Winter Games and commonly known as the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games, are an international winter multi-sport parasports event. It took place in Beijing, People's Republic of China, from 4 to 13 March 2022.
Cilician pirates

Cilician pirates dominated the Mediterranean Sea from the 2nd century BC until their suppression by Pompey in 6766 BC. Because there were notorious pirate strongholds in Cilicia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor, the term "Cilician" was used to refer to any pirates in the Mediterranean.
Fall.
The Bishop's Wife

The Bishop's Wife is a 1947 American romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and was based on the 1928 novella of the same name by Robert Nathan. It stars Cary Grant, Loretta Young, David Niven, Monty Woolley, Elsa Lanchester, Gladys Cooper, Sara Haden, Karolyn Grimes, James Gleason, Florence Auer and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It won an Academy Award in 1948 and was 4 others and was remade as The Preacher's Wife in 1996.
American History X

American History X is a 1998 American crime drama movie directed by Tony Kaye. It was released on October 23, 1998 in North America and received positive reviews, with an 83% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 62/100 from Metacritic. Edward Norton was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor. The movie was named by Empire magazine as the 311th Greatest Movie of All Time. It is about a man who joins a neo-nazi gang, after his firefighter father is killed by black drug dealers in Venice, Los Angeles. While staying in prison for three years, his younger brother ends up facing the wrong path.
Kavisha Dilhari

Kavisha Dilhari is a cricketer from Sri Lanka. She plays for the Sri Lanka women's national cricket team. She was born on January 24, 2001.
Marcus Hahnemann

Marcus Hahnemann is an American soccer player. He plays for Reading and United States national team.
Ary Fontoura

Ary Fontoura (born January 27, 1933, in Curitiba, Parana, Brazil) is a Brazilian actor, writer, director, poet and TV-presenter.
He is known for his role in Meu Bem Querer.
Offa of Mercia

Offa was the King of Mercia from 757 until his death in July 796.
Many historians regard Offa as the most powerful Anglo-Saxon king before Alfred the Great. Offa died in 796 and was succeeded by his son, Ecgfrith, who reigned for less than five months before Coenwulf of Mercia became king.
King of Mercia
Offa was the son of Thingfrith, a descendant of Eowa of Mercia. Eowa was a king of Mercia who ruled along with his more famous brother Penda of Mercia. In 757 the king of Mercia,Athelbald, was murdered. There was a short civil war between others claiming the throne. An ealdorman named Beornred took the throne of Mercia but Offa drove him out of Mercia and became king himself that same year. The alliances Athelbald had formed fell apart when Offa came to power. Offa had very little power outside of Mercia for the first several years of his reign.
Bretwalda (overlord)
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle makes no mention of Offa for the years between 757--777. No Mercian chronicles from this time period have survived. Charters are the only records that give any idea of Offa's power outside of Mercia. But he proved to be ruthless, bold and creative in bringing Kent, Sussex and Essex under his control. Aethelbert the king of Kent was apparently under Offa's influence before he died in 762. In 794 another Aethelbert, a king in East Anglia was beheaded at Offa's command. When Egbert of Wessex made a bid for the throne of Wessex in 786 Offa had him banished from England. He made Beorhtric king of Wessex instead. Egbert was welcomed at the court of Charlemagne for at least three years. In charters Offa issued in Kent, East Anglia, Sussex and Middlesex he simply used the style Rex Merciorum (Latin for king of Mercia). Only in three church charters does he expand his title to indicate he is overlord of all of England.
Offa had diplomatic relations with Charlemagne. He was one of the few Anglo-Saxon monarchs to have dealings with continental rulers. Letters and presents were exchanged. But when Offa sought a marriage of his son to one of Charlemagne's daughters, relations were quickly cut off. Charlemagne had all Frankish ports closed to British ships. Offa, very involved in church affairs, presided over church councils personally in 786-7. In 787 he convinced the pope to create the position of archbishop of Lichfield in Mercia. He wanted his own archbishop who was closer at hand than the Archbishop of Canterbury. He reorganized the defenses of his kingdom. One of these defenses, Offa's Dyke was a massive earthworks between Mercia and the Welsh kingdoms to the west. Offa died in 796. His son, Ecgfrith, lasted only 141 days as king. Mercia was never again as powerful as it was during Offa's reign.
Jesús Hermida

Jesus Hermida Pineda (27 June 1947 - 4 May 2015) was a Spanish journalist. He worked as a U.S. correspondent for Television Espanola in New York City. Hermida was born in Ayamonte, Huelva.
Hermida died from a stroke in Madrid at the age of 77.
Nyctimystes intercastellus

Nyctimystes intercastellus is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists found it on three of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands: Fergusson Island, Normanby Island, and Goodenough Island.
This frog is 3.9 to 5.1 cm long from nose to rear end. Scientists say it has more webbing on its feet than other tree frogs.
Henri Biancheri

Henri Biancheri (30 July 1932 - 1 December 2019) was a French footballer player and sports executive. He played midfielder for 14 seasons including seven at AS Monaco FC. After he retired as a player, he became a commercial director at Adidas from 1966 to 1986.
Biancheri died on 1 December 2019 at the age of 87.
Ugo Colombo

Ugo Colombo (22 February 1940 - 10 October 2019) was an Italian racing cyclist. He rode the Giro d'Italia in 1964-1974 with Filotex, with the best result of third place in 1971, and the Tour de France in 1966-1968, placing tenth in 1968.
Colombo died on 10 October 2019 at the age of 79.
East Bergholt

East Bergholt is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 2,689 people living in East Bergholt.
Michael E. Horowitz

Michael Evan Horowitz (born September 19, 1962) is an American attorney and government official. He is the Inspector General of the United States Department of Justice.
Cuxhaven (district)

Cuxhaven is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany.
Off-road vehicle

An off-road vehicle is generally any type of vehicle which can be used for driving on and off paved or gravel surface. Off-road vehicles generally have large tires with deep, open treads and a flexible suspension. Off-road vehicles should not be confused with off-highway vehicles. These are not designed to be used on highways and are capable of traveling cross-country over rough land, marsh, swamps, ice or snow.
Many uses
Off-road vehicles have a large following because of their many uses and versatility. Several types of motorsports involve racing off-road vehicles. The three largest "4-wheel vehicle" off-road types of competitions are mud racing, desert racing, and rockcrawling. The most common use of these vehicles is for sight seeing in areas distant from paved roads. The use of higher clearance and higher traction vehicles allows access on trails and forest roads that have rough and low traction surfaces.
Rockcrawling
Rockcrawling is an extreme form of off road driving. Drivers use vehicles anywhere from stock to highly modified to overcome obstacles (usually rocks). In rock crawling, drivers drive highly modified four-wheel drive vehicles such as trucks, Jeeps, and "buggies" over very harsh terrain. Driving locations include boulders, mountain foothills, rock piles, mountain trails, etc. Rock crawling is about slow-speed, careful driving. Rock crawlers often drive up, down and across obstacles that would appear impassable. Such vehicles to rock climb are primarily 4x4s.
Rock crawling competitions range from local events to national series. A rock crawling competition consists of obstacle courses that are about 100-200 yards long. Each obstacle is set up with gates, similar to a ski course.
Tread Lightly!
In the United States and elsewhere off-road vehicles should be ridden only on roads, trails and areas open to off-road travel. At the request of the United States Forest Service, Tread Lightly! created the "RIDE ON" program reminding off-roaders to "RIDE ON Designated Routes". This was to prevent unregulated motor vehicle travel on public lands. Most US states and other Federal government agencies have similar laws and regulations to safeguard the environment. Tread Lightly!s message of traveling only on existing roads or trails is also designed to prevent social conflicts such as having entire areas closed to off-road travel.
Traffic classification

Traffic classification is an automated process. It categorises computer network traffic according to various parameters into a number of traffic classes. For example, port number or protocol.
Classification methods
Classification is achieved by various means.
Port numbers
Fast
Low resource-consuming
Supported by many network devices
Does not implement the application-layer payload, so it does not compromise the users' privacy
Useful only for the applications and services, which use fixed port numbers
Easy to cheat by changing the port number in the system
Deep Packet Inspection
Inspects the actual payload of the packet
Detects the applications and services regardless of the port number, on which they operate
Slow
Requires a lot of processing power
Signatures must be kept up to date, as the applications change very frequently
Encryption makes this method impossible in many cases
A comprehensive comparison of various network traffic classifiers. It depends on Deep Packet Inspection in the Independent Comparison of Popular DPI Tools for Traffic Classification.
Statistical classification
Relies on statistical analysis of attributes such as byte frequencies, packet sizes and packet inter-arrival times.
Very often uses Machine Learning Algorithms, as K-Means, Naive Bayes Filter, C4.5, C5.0, J48, or Random Forest
Fast technique (compared to deep packet inspection classification)
It can detect the class of yet unknown applications
Implementation
The Linux network scheduler and Netfilter, both contain logic. It helps to identify and mark or classify network packets.
Typical traffic classes
There are three broad types of network traffic:
Sensitive traffic: Sensitive traffic is traffic the operator has an expectation to deliver on time. This includes VoIP, online gaming, video conferencing, and web browsing.
Best-effort traffic: Best effort traffic is all other kinds of non-detrimental traffic. This is traffic that the ISP isn't sensitive to Quality of Service metrics (jitter, packet loss, latency). A typical example would be peer-to-peer and email applications.
Undesired traffic: This category is generally limited to the delivery of spam and traffic created by worms, botnets, and other malicious attacks.
Champagne

Champagne can mean a number of things:
Champagne (wine), a sparkling wine
Champagne (wine region), the area where the wine is made
Champagne (province), a historical region in France, ruled in the past by the Counts of Champagne
Champagne-Ardenne, a modern administrative region of France
Champagne (movie), a 1928 movie by Alfred Hitchcock
In Switzerland:
Champagne, Switzerland
In the US:
Champaign, Illinois
Champaign County, Illinois
Erstein

Erstein is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Greenfield, Wisconsin

Greenfield is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States.
Kozani

Kozani is a city in northern Greece. It is the capital of Kozani Prefecture and of the region of Macedonia. The population of the city is 38,591, according to 2001 census. In district of Kozani products the main amount of electrical energy of Greece.
Apremont, Ardennes

Apremont is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Ardennes department in north France.
Musical mode

Modes in music are a kind of scale.
The Ancient Greeks used several modes in their music. Medieval musicians borrowed the names of these modes to describe the scales used in their music. Western music predominantly usually uses two scales: major and minor, which correspond to the Ionian and Aeolian modes. Like any other scale, a mode can start on any note.
Each mode has a different pattern of tones and semitones (or "half tones") (see semitone).
The Western major scale (e.g. the C major scale C D E F G A B C) starts on its KEY NOTE and goes up using the following pattern of tones and semitones between each note:
tone, tone, semitone, tone, tone, tone, semitone.
The Western natural minor scale (e.g. the A natural minor scale A B C D E F G A) does the same, but it has a different pattern of tones and semitones between each note:
tone, semitone, tone, tone, semitone, tone, tone.
The modes are easiest to see on a piano keyboard using the white notes only. The most common modern modes are:
Ionian (C D E F G A B C)
Dorian (D E F G A B C D)
Phrygian (E F G A B C D E)
Lydian (F G A B C D E F)
Mixolydian (G A B C D E F G)
Aeolian (A B C D E F G A)
Locrian (B C D E F G A B)
It will be seen that
The Ionian mode is the major scale.
The Dorian is a natural minor scale with a major sixth.
The Phrygian is a natural minor scale with a minor second.
The Lydian is a major scale with an augmented fourth.
The Mixolydian is a major scale with a minor seventh.
The Aeolian is the natural minor scale.
The Locrian sounds rather strange, and was hardly ever used in Medieval music. It is a minor scale with a minor second and a diminished fifth.
Each mode also has a version called "hypo--".
For example: A to A is Hypodorian. It is the same as Aeolian, but the D is treated as the "keynote".
The names of the modes come from cities in Ancient Greece.
In the Middle Ages these modes were widely used in church music.
Some composers in recent centuries have enjoyed using the ancient modes from time to time in their music. Folksongs are often modal. Greensleeves is an example of a well-known tune which is modal.
Chuck Bernard

Joseph Charles "Chuck" Bernard (August 29, 1911 in Chicago, Illinois - March 1962) was a professional American football center who played for the Detroit Lions in 1934 and was a two-time All-American at the University of Michigan.
NFL Career
After graduating from the University of Michigan, Bernard played 10 games for the Detroit Lions in 1934.
Parking lot

A parking lot (or car park) is an area where cars and other vehicles are parked and left temporarily. Parking lots are usually flat. The surface is usually made of asphalt, concrete, or gravel. Some lots may be bare earth. The paving material in a parking lot can heat quickly in the sun. A parked car can get hot, too. Children, older people, and animals such as dogs and cats should not be left in a parked car. They can die in a hot car.
Lines are put on paved lots to create the outlines of parking spaces. People leave their cars in these spaces while they go shopping, go to work, or do errands. Some spaces are set aside for disabled drivers or disabled passengers. These spaces are clearly marked. A disabled driver needs a special badge or insignia issued by the government to use these spaces. Disabled spaces are usually close to the front of a lot. Drivers who are not disabled can be fined or their cars towed if they use these spaces.
Parking lots are usually near businesses, hospitals, government buildings, schools, hotels, zoos, etc. If many people go to these places, then the parking lots will be large. If not too many people go to these places, then the parking lots will be small. Small lots are usually unsupervised. Large lots are usually supervised by an attendant stationed in a small booth at the lot's entrance. He may issue a pass to a vehicle's driver that is stamped with the vehicle's arrival time. He will collect a fee from the driver when the vehicle leaves the lot. Some hotels provide free parking and those parking lots are big enough with lot of entrance.
At a rural event such as a county fair, concert, auction, barn sale, corn maze, or pick-your-own strawberry patch, a parking lot may be nothing more than a large area of bare earth or a meadow that has been mowed for parking. Ropes or bales of hay may be used to mark the area for parking. An attendant may or may not be present. If present, he or she will advise a driver where to park in the lot and may or may not collect a fee.
Parking lots can be dangerous, especially at night. Some lots are poorly supervised and dimly lit. Persons intent on mischief such as tire-slashers or criminal activity such as prostitutes, burglars, thieves, rapists, and drug dealers can operate without being easily seen. Anything valuable such as money, weapons, packages, children, or animals should never be left alone in a parked car. These will tempt thieves and child or animal snatchers.
Broken glass, rusty nails, potholes, and rats can be parking lot hazards to people and their vehicles.
Automated Parking System
The automated parking system works with a combination of conveyance devices, software technology, and a mobile app for the best user experience. The system consists of an array of electro-mechanical infrastructure and computer-controlled robots. The conveying devices are capable of vertical and horizontal movement and used to store/retrieve vehicles to/from available multi-depth parking positions without human intervention. The very first automated parking garage was built in 1905: Garage Rue de Ponthieu in Paris, France.
Newcastle United F.C.

Newcastle United Football Club is an English football club in Newcastle upon Tyne. Newcastle play in the Premier League. Currently managed by Eddie Howe since 2021.
Board
Bids to Buy Newcastle (2021)
Bin Zayed Group's managing director Midhat Kidwai had bid to buy the club. Ashley rejected his offer. He placed another one once again in 2021. Ashley once again rejected his offer. Kidwai once again place an offer but Staveley stepped in and placed an offer alongside PIF's governor Al-Rumayyan and Reuben.
History
Newcastle United was formed in 1892 after the two rival clubs Newcastle West End and Newcastle East End grouped together. They have played their matches at the ground St.James' Park ever since. This ground holds 52,000 people, and is one of the biggest in England. It is located just inside the centre of Newcastle.
Newcastle originally played in red shirts and white shorts. In fact, there was a kit clash in their very first League match, away to the then-named Woolwich Arsenal. The home side wore red, so Newcastle played in their change kit of black and white stripes. A permanent switch to black and white soon followed, most likely to reduce kit clashes, and perhaps as a further attempt to appease West End fans. The decision was taken in 1894, as the minutes from the club meeting reveal: 'It was agreed that the Club's colours should be changed from red shirts and white knickers to black and white shirts (two inch stripe) and dark knickers.'.
On the 24th day of May 2009 which was also the last day of the season, Newcastle were relegated to the second tier of English football, the Coca-Cola Championship. They returned to the top flight of English football, winning the Championship in the 2009/10 season. In the 2010/11 season, they finished mid-table. The club then went on to finish 5th place in the 2011/12 season.
On 17 July 2019, former Sunderland manager Steve Bruce was made manager on a three-year contract. Bruce oversaw 13th and 12th-placed finishes during his first two seasons in charge, both of which were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. On 7 October 2021, after 14 years as owner, Ashley sold the club to a new group of owners. The group was made up of Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund, RB Sports & Media and PCP Capital Partners.
The club
Traditionally the loudest support for the club came from the Gallowgate End - a stand in St. James' Park. This stand is where Alan Shearer once used to watch Newcastle play when he was a child.
The record transfer fee the club has paid is PS17 million (around $30 million) for Michael Owen, in August 2005. Alan Shearer was the previous record transfer at PS15 million, which was also the world's largest transfer fee when he signed in 1996.
The Newcastle United's number 9 shirt is one of the most famous shirts in the world. Legends such as Hughie Gallacher, Malcolm McDonald, Jackie Milburn and Alan Shearer have worn the famous shirt.
Donaldsonville, Louisiana

Donaldsonville is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.
Dezső Czigány

Dezso Czigany (1 June 1883 - 31 December 1937) was a Hungarian painter.
Career
He was a member of "The Eight," which was Hungarian group of artists. The Eight was founded in early 1909.
In 1937 he took his own life.
List of rivers of Grenada

This is a list of rivers of Grenada.
Hans Posthumus

Hans Posthumus (10 March 1947 - 15 February 2016) was a Dutch professional footballer. He played as a striker.
Posthumus was born in Harderwijk, Netherlands. He played for VVOG, Wageningen, Feyenoord, Mechelen, Lierse and NEC. While with Lierse he was the top-scorer in the Belgian Pro League during the 1975-76 season. He retired from professional football in October 1978, at the age of 31, due to back pain.
Posthumus died of a stroke at a hospital in Rotterdam on 15 February 2016. He was aged 67.
10th Mountain Division

The 10th Mountain Division is a unit of the United States Army, now serving under the XVIII Airborne Corps. It has fought in many battles and actions, including the Battle of Mogadishu and many of the actions fought by its corps. The unit's specialty involves moving across mountainous terrain and fighting effectively in harsh conditions. Like the rest of the corps, it is an elite unit that can be transported (albeit in an unlikely case) through airborne means. It is now based at Fort Drum, New York.
More recently, the 10th Mountain has been conducting operations in Iraq.
Birori

Birori (Biroro) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 531 people lived there. Its area is 17.33 km2. It is 450 meters above sea level.
2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries

The 2012 Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses is how voters of the Democratic Party chose the candidate for United States presidential election, 2012. The incumbent president, Barack Obama, won the primaries and caucuses after winning 88.87% of the popular vote, and all of the states and territories. No other candidates could challenge Obama.
Candidates
Barack Obama was the only candidate who was on the ballot in all 50 states.
Mission (movie)

Mission () is a 1961 Soviet drama movie directed by Yuri Yegorov. It stars Oleg Efremov, Dodo Abashidze, and Svetlana Karpinskaya.
10,000 Kids and a Cop

10,000 Kids and a Cop is a 1948 documentary short directed by Charles Barton. It is about the philanthropic work of the Lou Costello Jr. Youth Foundation in Los Angeles, California. The foundation was named after the comedian's son who died in 1943 aged 1. The movie was originally distributed for free to U.S. film exhibitors.
Cast
Bud Abbott
Lou Costello
James Stewart
William Bendix
Brenda Joyce
Boys of Bangladesh

Boys of Bangladesh (BoB) is the oldest and largest network of Bangladeshi men who identify as gay. Its members live in Bangladesh and in other countries. It is based in Dhaka. It is an informal group run by volunteers. It was founded in 2002. Boys of Bangladesh aims to build a gay community in the country, and repealing Section 377, which makes homosexuality illegal.
BoB is a full member of the Human Rights Forum of Bangladesh, the Human Rights Alliance of Bangladesh and the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association.
Minas, Uruguay

Minas is a city in Uruguay. It is the capital of the Lavalleja Department.
Who's Zoomin' Who

"Who's Zoomin' Who" is a 1985 song by Aretha Franklin and is the title track to her 30th studio album Who's Zoomin' Who?. It went to number 7 in the United States, number 11 in the United Kingdom, number 12 in Ireland, number 23 in New Zealand and number 38 in Australia.
1985 songs
Aretha Franklin songs
Dance-pop songs
Thumper

Thumper may mean:
Thumper (Medicine), An oxygen or electric powered CPR Assist Device.
Thumper (Motorcycle), a four-stroke single cylinder motorcycle
Bible thumper, a derisive term used to describe Christian fundamentalists
Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit, the British Rail Class 205 and Class 207 diesel electric multiple units are nicknamed Thumpers
M79 Grenade launcher, a weapon nicknamed "Thumper"
Sun Fire X4500, a storage server code-named "Thumper"
WORTH produces first official NCAA Collegiate aluminum baseball bat, The Tennessee "Thumper" in 1974.
Unconscious mind

The unconscious mind is thought to be a deeper part of a person's mind that works without that person knowing it. Feelings, thoughts, desires or emotions appear to come out of nowhere, leaving the person to question where they came from.
The unconscious mind is a term coined by the 18th century German romantic philosopher Friedrich Schelling and later introduced into English by the poet and essayist Samuel Taylor Coleridge. It is, however, an ancient idea which has been noticed in many civilisations and cultures. Also, whether other mammals have similar mental mechanisms to man is also a question with a considerable history.
Freud's views
The unconscious mind plays a large role in Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. He discussed the importance of the unconscious mind in understanding conscious thought and behaviour.
However, the unconscious was not discovered by Freud. Historian of psychology Mark Altschule concluded, "It is difficult--or perhaps impossible--to find a nineteenth-century psychologist or psychiatrist who did not recognize unconscious thought as not only real but of the highest importance".
Freud's advance was not to uncover the unconscious but to devise a method for systematically studying it. However, his method is controversial, and so are the rest of his ideas. Freud called dreams the "royal road to the unconscious". He developed his idea in The Interpretation of Dreams (1899). The preconscious was described as a layer between conscious and unconscious thought; its contents could be accessed with a little effort. A key feature of the unconscious is what he called 'repression'. Freud believed that many people repress painful memories deep into their unconscious mind.
Adaptive unconscious
The adaptive unconscious is a set of unconscious mental processes influencing judgment and decision making. It is different from conscious processing: it is faster, effortless, more focused on the present, but less flexible.
In other theories of the mind, the unconscious is limited to "low-level" activity, such as carrying out goals which have been decided consciously. In contrast, the adaptive unconscious is thought to be involved in "high-level" cognition such as goal-setting as well.
Julio Salinas

Julio Salinas (born 11 September 1962) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for the Spanish national team.
Antonio Permunian

Antonio Permunian (15 August 1930 - 5 March 2020) was a Swiss footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He played for club sides Bellinzona and Luzern. He played for Switzerland from 1955 to 1962. He played for his country at the 1962 FIFA World Cup.
Permunian was born in Bellinzona. He died in his hometown in 2019 at the age of 89.
Bernard Lietaer

Bernard Lietaer (7 February 1942 - 4 February 2019) was a Belgian civil engineer, economist, author and professor. He studied monetary systems and promoted the idea that communities can benefit from creating their own local or complementary currency. He was born in Lauwe, Belgium. Lietaer was known for his books The Future of Money: Beyond Greed and Scarcity and New Money for a New World.
Lietaer died on 4 February 2019 at the age of 76.
Jason Upton

Jason Upton (born December 15, 1973) is an independent Christian worship leader and musician. He has a large underground following.
Roosevelt County

Roosevelt County is the name of two counties in the United States:
Roosevelt County, Montana
Roosevelt County, New Mexico
Felipe Miñambres

Felipe Minambres (born 29 April, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Ed Beck

Edward Paul Beck (June 28, 1936 - October 16, 2019) was an American college basketball player. He was best known as the starting center and team captain of the "Fiddlin' Five," the University of Kentucky's 1958 NCAA championship team.
Beck finished his college career with 459 points scored (5.6 per game) and 783 rebounds (10.0 per game) in 78 total games.
Beck died on October 16, 2019 in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 83.
Carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide poisoning happens from breathing in carbon monoxide (CO) at large levels.
Symptoms are often described as "flu-like" and commonly include headache, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion. Large exposures can result in loss of consciousness, arrhythmias, seizures, or death.
Carbon monoxide poisoning can be accidental, like if the oven's gas is left on by accident or a gas leak. However, it can often be used as a suicide method such as keeping the car on while in a closed garage.
Toulon Tournament

The Toulon Tournament (officially the Festival International "Espoirs" - Tournoi Maurice Revello) is a football tournament. The teams are invited national teams composed of youth players from U-17 to U-23 level. The tournament is named after Maurice Revello, who started the tournament in 1967. The first tournament in 1967 featured club teams, but it changed to national teams in 1975 (except in 1986 and 1989 when INF Vichy was invited). The tournament is held around Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, with the final being held in Toulon itself.
Rules
The Toulon Tournament usually was played with two 40-minute halves. In 2019 every match consisted of two periods of 45 minutes each. In a match, every team has eleven named substitutes and the maximum number of substitutions permitted is four.
In the knockout stage, if a game tied at the end of regulation time, extra time is not played and the penalty shoot-out is used to determine the winner.
Great Famine (Ireland)

The Great Famine, Great Hunger, or Potato Famine is the name given to the famine in Ireland in the years 1845-1852. Outside Ireland, it is usually called the Irish Potato Famine. The famine was caused by "the potato blight", a fungus-like organism which quickly destroyed the potatoes in Ireland, and throughout Europe. The effect was particularly bad in Ireland because potatoes were the staple food for most Irish people at the time.
It is believed that between 1 million to 1.5 million people died in the three years from 1846 to 1849 because of hunger or disease. Another million became refugees because of the famine. Many people who left Ireland moved to Great Britain, (mostly to the nearby town of Liverpool), the United States, Canada and Australia.
In Ireland this time is referred to as "the starvation". The potato was the only crop affected, yet Ireland continued to produce corn, wheat, barley, and beef. However, the mostly English landlords made a bigger profit by selling these food products elsewhere.
By the late 17th century, potatoes had become common as a supplementary rather than a major food. The diet was mainly around butter, milk, and grain products. Potato became a base food of the poor, especially in winter. The lack of genetic variability among the potato plants in Ireland caused the emergence of Phytophthora infestans which had devastating effects in Ireland. Another factor is that holdings were so small that no crop other than potatoes would be able to feed a family.
Starting in 1801, Ireland had been directly governed, under the Act of Union as part of the United Kingdom. In the 40 years after the union, British governments grappled with the problems of governing the country. One historian calculated that, between 1801 and 1845, there had been 114 commissions and 61 special committees enquiring into the state of Ireland. "Without exception their findings prophesied disaster. Ireland was on the verge of starvation, her population rapidly increasing, three-quarters of her labourers unemployed, housing conditions appalling and the standard of living unbelievably low". It was caused by monoculture because they only planted one main crop and let its disease infest all other potatoes in the Irish territory.
Merlin

Merlin is a legendary character. He is best known as the wizard in the Arthurian legends. He was King Arthur's guide. Merlin is always a mysterious figure. He rarely gives his reasons for the things he does. Merlin was probably first written about in Welsh legend. His story is based on parts of several different real and fictional characters. Merlin is usually said to be one with nature, being the source of his enormous power. The Lady of the Lake enchanted him.
Peggy Flanagan

Peggy Flanagan (born September 22, 1979) is an American politician. She is the 50th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota since 2019. She was elected lieutenant governor on November 6, 2018 and is the second Native American woman to be elected to statewide executive office in U.S. history.
She is a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL). Flanagan represented District 46A in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 2015 to 2019.