kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Modulation (music)

Modulation, in music, means that the music changes key. A piece of music might, for example, be "in the key of C major" (meaning that it uses the notes of a C major scale, and the C sounds like the "home key" or "tonic" as it is called in music theory). Then it could modulate to G major so that the G now feels like the home key and the notes of a G major scale are used (the Fs will be F sharps).
Modulations like the one above are very common, because G is closely related to C (it is the 5th note in a C major scale: the "dominant"). A modulation to the subdominant (4th note of the scale) is also common (e.g. from C major to Fmajor). Music often modulates to the relative minor (e.g. C major to A minor).
A modulation that goes to a key whose tonic is not part of the original key is called a "chromatic modulation". Modulating from C major to A flat major would be a chromatic modulation because A flat is not a note in the C major scale.
Most pieces of music will modulate, especially if they are long pieces. It gives the music variety and helps to give it shape: the farther away from the tonic it goes the more tension there is. When the music eventually returns to the original key it feels like a homecoming.
Brasles

Brasles is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in the north of France. in 2012, 1,392 people lived there.
Silver Lake, Ohio

Silver Lake is a village in Summit County, Ohio, United States. It is a suburb of Akron and is part of the Akron Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The population was 2,519 at the 2010 census. Silver Lake is between, and surrounded by, the cities of Stow and Cuyahoga Falls.
Exo's Showtime

Exo's Showtime () is a reality TV show South Korean starring members of the boy band EXO, was issued by the pay channel MBC Every 1 from 28 November 2013 until 13 February 2014.
Cast
Suho
Sehun
Xiumin
D.O.
Bister, Switzerland

Bister is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao

Alfonso Daniel (30 January 1886 - 7 January 1950), also known as Castelao, was a Spanish writer on Galician language and one of the main symbols of Galicia. As a politician, caricaturist, and writer, he is one of the leading figures of Galician culture and identity.
(1886-1929) Early life
In 1886, Alfonso Daniel Rodriguez de Castelao was born on 30 January in Rianxo, Galicia, Spain.
Castelao spent his childhood and adolescence in Santa Rosa de Toay, Argentina. In 1900, the Castelao family returned to Rianxo. In 1908, he obtained his degree in Medicine from the University of Santiago de Compostela. The next year, he passed his doctorate in Madrid, where he started to become known as a caricaturist, and settled down in Rianxo, joining the political movement Action Galicia (Accion Gallega in Spanish). As a caricaturist, Castelao focussed on the everyday in a humorous way, although after the cruelty and tragedy of the Spanish Civil War, he turned to using his art to denounce the misery of Fascism.
In 1916, he moved to Pontevedra, where he joined the Irmandades da Fala and participated in the Asembleia Nazonalista de Lugo, signing an important national declaration. In 1920, he became editor of the magazine Nos and travelled through France, the Netherlands and Germany. In 1922, he wrote the novel Un Ollo de Vidro and in 1924 he joined the Seminario de Estudos Galegos and founded the Coral Polifonica de Pontevedra. Two years later he published Cousas, and in 1929 he travelled to Brittany to study its stone crosses and publish As Cruces de Pedra na Bretana.
Renjong LRT Station

Renjong LRT Station is an LRT station in Sengkang, Singapore. It opened on January 2005. At the same time, the east loop of Punggol LRT Line opened.
Name
There was a road called Lorong Rending near the station, so the station got its name from the road.
Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University

The Baden-Wurttemberg Cooperative State University (German: Duale Hochschule Baden-Wurttemberg, DHBW) is an institution of higher education in Germany. It had many campuses in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. The university offers dual-education (or also cooperative education) bachelor's-degree programs. These programs are taught with industry and non-profit institutions in the areas of business administration, engineering and social services. In 2011, the university started a limited master's program.
People Die for Metal

People Die for Metal () is a 1919 Russian silent drama movie directed by Alexandre Volkoff. It stars Zoya Karabanova, Iona Talanov, and Yuri Yurovsky.
Mart Laar

Mart Laar (born 22 April 1960) is an Estonian politician and historian. He was the Prime Minister of Estonia from 1992 to 1994 and from 1999 to 2002. He is a member of the centre-right Isamaa party.
Guillermo Rodríguez Lara

Guillermo Rodriguez Lara (born November 4, 1924), known as "Bombita", was the military dictator of Ecuador from February 15, 1972 to January 11, 1976.
As commander of the army, he led a military coup d'etat executed by a navy commander named Jorge Queirolo G. and forced president Jose Maria Velasco into exile, to Buenos Aires, Argentina.
During his rule, drilling the country's oil reserves funded the construction of hospitals, schools, roads (notably, paving the Quito-Tulcan road), the oil refinery at Esmeraldas, and equipment for the armed services. The military removed him from power in 1976.
Rodriguez was born on November 4, 1924 in Pujili, Ecuador. He was married to Aida Judith Leon since 1953.
McFarland, California

McFarland is a city in Kern County, California. It is named after James McFarland, was founded in 1909 and was incorporated in 1957.
Bairdford, Pennsylvania

Bairdford is a census-designated place within the township of West Deer in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States.
Turkic states

The Turkic states are countries where most of its people speak a Turkic language as their first language or have Turkic ancestry. There are six countries considered to be Turkic states: Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. The last 4 countries are commonly known as "the Stans". All of them except Turkey used to be part of the Soviet Union until its fall in 1991. While most of the people of all these countries are Muslim, none of these countries use the Arabic alphabet to read and write their own language. Either they use the Latin alphabet, like Turkey, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan, or they use the Cyrillic alphabet, like Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. While the people of Xinjiang, the Uighurs, are part of the Turkic peoples, it is not officially considered part of the Turkic states because it is controlled by China. While Northern Cyprus, which is most made of Turkish people, calls itself its own country, Turkey is the only other country that recognizes its statehood, or its being a state.
Elmore County, Alabama

Elmore County is a county of the State of Alabama. As of 2020, 87,977 people lived there. The county seat is Wetumpka.
History
Elmore County was formed on February 15, 1866. It was created from portions of Autauga, Coosa, Tallapoosa, and Montgomery Counties. Its name is in honor of General John A. Elmore.
Geography
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of . (or 94.53%) is land and (or 5.47%) is water.
Dana Nessel

Dana Michelle Nessel (born April 19, 1969) is an American lawyer and politician. She is the 54th Attorney General of Michigan since 2019. She is a member of the Democratic Party.
Nessel is the second openly lesbian person elected attorney general of a state in the United States (after Maura Healey of Massachusetts) and the first openly LGBTQ+ person elected to statewide office in Michigan. She is also the first Jew to be elected Attorney General of Michigan.
Scary Movie 2

Scary Movie 2 is an American comedy movie. It is a parody of horror movies. It is directed by Keenan Ivory Wayans. It stars Anna Faris Regina Hall, Marlon Wayans and Shawn Wayans. It was released to mixed reviews on July 7, 2001.
Production
Marlon Brando was going to have a role but he wouldn't make it due to his declining health.
Treaty of Rome

The Treaty of Rome was signed on 25 March 1957 between six European coutries (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Germany. After centuries of wars, those countries started to act together for more peace and prosperity. This treaty was the basis of the European Economic Community. It was one of two treaties (the other being Treaty of Maastricht) that created the European Union. It created a common market for goods and people. Other countries later joined it.
1018

Year 1018 (MXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (liNk will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Asia
The Liao Dynasty invades Goryeo.
Largest amphibious invasion force in history at the time. Chola army that invaded Lanka (Sri Lanka) with a massive manpower of 150,000 troops.
Battle of Kwiju: Korean General Gang Gam-chan gains a victory over Liao Dynasty forces during the Third Goryeo-Khitan War.
Europe
January 30 - The Peace of Bautzen is signed between Poland and Germany.
July 22-23 - Boleslaw I Chrobry, Duke of Poland, defeats Yaroslav the Wise in the Battle of the River Bug. Yaroslav retreats to Novogrod, abandoning Kiev.
July 29 - Dirk III, Count of Holland, defeats an army sent by Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the Battle of Vlaardingen.
August - Leader of the remaining Bulgarian resistance, Ivats, is blinded and captured by strategos Eustathios Daphnomeles, confirming Bulgaria's position as part of the Byzantine Empire.
August 14 - Boleslaw accepts the surrender of Kiev by the Pechenegs. He reinstates Sviatopolk as Grand Prince of Kiev.
c. October? - In Southern Italy, at the second battle of Cannae, the Lombard adventurer Melus of Bari and his Norman mercenaries are defeated by the Byzantine army led by the Catepan Basil Boioannes.
Probable date
Battle of Carham: Malcolm II of Scotland and Owen the Bald of Strathclyde are victorious over Eadwulf Cudel, Earl of Bamburgh, confirming Scottish dominance over Lothian.
Cnut replaces his brother Harald II of Denmark on the Danish throne.
By topic
Religion
Buckfast Abbey is founded.
The city of Koblenz is given to the archbishop of Trier.
Aberdeen, Washington

Aberdeen is a city in the American state of Washington. Aberdeen was founded by Samuel Benn in 1884. In 2000, 16,461 people lived in Aberdeen. Aberdeen is sometimes called the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula". It is also called the "Birthplace of Grunge" because musician Kurt Cobain is from Aberdeen. Other notable musicians from Aberdeen include The Melvins. Aberdeen is also the hometown of professional wrestler Bryan Danielson, better known as Daniel Bryan.
Atlantic City (movie)

Atlantic City is a 1980 Canadian French romantic crime drama movie. It was directed by Louis Malle. Actors include: Susan Sarandon, Burt Lancaster, Al Waxman, Kate Reid, Hollis McLaren, and Robert Goulet. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Atlantic City was nominated for 5 Oscars at the Academy Awards in 1982.
Central venous catheter

A central venous catheter (CVC) or "central line" is a catheter put in a large vein in the neck, chest, or groin when a patient needs close cardiovascular monitoring, for assessment of fluid status, and so that intravenous drugs and fluids can be given to the patient more effectively. The veins most commonly used are the internal jugular vein, the subclavian vein, and the femoral vein.
Victor Silvester

Victor Marlborough Silvester OBE (25 February 1900 - 14 August 1978) was a English dancer, author, musician and dance band leader whose records sold 75 million copies from the 1930s through to the 1980s. He was a significant figure in the development of ballroom dance during the first half of the 20th century. Victor married Dorothy Newton in 1922, a few days after winning the World Ballroom Dancing Championship.
Silvester was born in Wembley, Middlesex. He died in France.
After World War II, his orchestra and his weekly television programme, Victor Silvester's Dancing Club, kept him in the public eye. His 1927 textbook, Modern Ballroom Dancing, was an immediate bestseller and has remained in print through many editions, the last issued in 2005. He wrote ten other books, including his autobiography.
Yamato Okunitama

is a kami. They are the or Provincial God of Yamato Province. They are the Ujigami of and worshipped at Oyamato Shrine
They appear in the Nihon Shoki. They used to be worshipped in the Imperial palace. But Emperor Sujin was disturbed by the presence of both Yamato Okunitama and Amaterasu Omikami at his palace, and promoted Amaterasu over him. This may be why Amaterasu is the main kami in Shinto today.
Abrahamic religions

An Abrahamic Religion is a religion whose followers believe in the prophet Abraham. They believe Abraham and his sons/grandsons hold an important role in human spiritual development. The best known Abrahamic religions are Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Smaller religious traditions sometimes included as Abrahamic religions are Samaritanism, Druze, Rastafari, Babism and Baha'i Faith. Mandaeism (a religion that holds many Abrahamic beliefs) is not called Abrahamic because its followers think Abraham was a false prophet
True Abrahamic religions are monotheistic (the belief that there is only one God). They also all believe that people should pray to God and worship God often. Among monotheistic religions, the Abrahamic religions have the world's largest number of followers.
Jing Tian

Jing Tian (, born 21 July 1988) is a Chinese actress. She is known for her roles in war epic The Warring States (2011) and the action movies Special ID and Police Story 2013 (both in 2013). She also starred in The Great Wall (2016), Kong: Skull Island (2017), and Pacific Rim: Uprising (2018).
The Hour of the Furnaces

The Hour of the Furnaces () is a 1968 Argentine documentary movie directed by Octavio Getino and Fernando Solanas.
Villa Hills, Kentucky

Villa Hills is a city in Kenton County, Kentucky in the United States.
Agwé

Agwe (also spelt Goue, Agoueh, or Agive), is a loa who rules over the sea, fish, and aquatic plants, as well as the patron loa of fishermen and sailors in Voodoo.
Worship
His colors are blue, white, and occasionally sea-green or brown. His veve (ritual symbol) is a boat with sails. His symbols are painted shells, painted oars, and sea life like the seahorse and starfish.
Offerings
Small offerings to Agwe are dropped overboard in deep ocean water. Large offerings to Agwe are left on constructed rafts (barques d'Agwe) which are floated to sea. If the raft sinks, it is accepted; if it returns to shore it is rejected.
His offerings include:
mirrors, toy ships or scale ship models, oars or paddles, sea shells;
champagne, naval rum, coffee with sugar and cream, white cake, cane syrup, olive oil;
male ducks and white rams or goats (they are prepared, cooked, and then placed on plates as a sacrifice; as king of the seas, Agwe doesn't get hot food at home).
In popular culture
In the Broadway show Once On This Island, Agwe is one of the 4 main gods that guide and influence the main character. He is declared the god of water, appearing with three other gods: mother of Earth Asaka, goddess of love Erzulie, and demon of death Ghede.
Agwe is a character in the novel My Love, My Love, or The Peasant Girl by Rosa Guy.
Loa Agwe (together with the adepts of Voodoo) is depicted in Andrei Gusev's 2020 novel Once in Malindi.
Anderson County

Anderson County is the name of five counties in the United States:
Anderson County, Kansas
Anderson County, Kentucky
Anderson County, South Carolina
Anderson County, Tennessee
Anderson County, Texas
Rick Scott

Richard Lynn "Rick" Scott (born December 1, 1952) is an American politician and businessman. He is the junior United States Senator of Florida since January 8, 2019. He was the 45th Governor of Florida from 2011 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.
In April 2018, Scott announced his plans to run for the United States Senate against current Senator Bill Nelson. In August 2018, Scott won the Republican nomination and soon won the general election.
Jimmy Hayes (ice hockey)

James Ryan Hayes (November 21, 1989 - August 23, 2021) was an American professional ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League from 2011 until 2018. He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Florida Panthers, Boston Bruins and New Jersey Devils. Hayes was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
Hayes died on August 23, 2021 in Milton, Massachusetts. He was 31 years old.
Iešjávri

Iesjavri (or Iesjavri) is a large lake on the border of three municipalities in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. It is on the Finnmarksvidda plateau. It is about northwest of Karasjok, northeast of Masi, and southeast of Alta. The lake is the biggest in the county and covers an area of . It is over long from north to south. It has a maximum depth of and an average depth of . The lake is a Baltic Shield lake and flows out into the river Iesjohka, which is a tributary of the Karasjohka river.
408

408 was a leap year.
Events
In the summer of this year, the usurper Constantine III captures Spain, destroying the loyalist forces defending it.
September - Alaric, king of the Visigoths, lays siege to Rome.
Zalmoxes

Zalmoxes is a genus of ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Romania. It was a relative of Iguanodon and, like all its order, it was a herbivore.
Most of the skeleton is known with exception of the end of the tail, the hands and the feet.
Boris Gurevich (wrestler, born 1931)

Boris Maksimovich Gurevich (; 23 March 1931 - 10 January 1995) was a Soviet wrestler. He won gold medals at the 1952 Olympics, the 1953 world championships, and the 1958 world championships.
Gurevich first trained in gymnastics and later took up wrestling in 1948.
After retiring from competitions he coached wrestlers in Moscow.
Lars Norén

Lars Goran Ingemar Noren (9 May 1944 - 26 January 2021) was a Swedish playwright, novelist and poet. His plays are realistic. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden. Noren was director at Folkteatern in Gothenburg between 2009 and 2011.
Noren died on 26 January 2021, at the age of 76 from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden.
Amphitheatre

An amphitheatre (or amphitheater) is a type of structure. It is a flat area, surrounded by an area that ascends gradually. In the ascending area, people can be seated. Today, such structures are used for presentations, but also spectator sports.
In Ancient Rome, these structures were used to entertain the population. Gladiator combats, athletics and executions were staged there.
Natural amphitheatre
A natural amphitheatre is a natural formation of rocks or cliffs, which resemble a man-made amphitheatre.
Tenochtitlan

Tenochtitlan was the capital city of the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs built Tenochtitlan around 1325, right on a lake called Lake Texcoco.
As the Empire grew, so did Tenochtitlan. By the early 1500s, at least 200,000 people lived in the city. This made Tenochtitlan the largest city in the Americas before Christopher Columbus arrived.
Center of the Aztec Empire
Tenochtitlan was the center of the Aztec government and religion. It was also a very big trading center. When the Spanish arrived in 1519, they guessed that 60,000 people came to the market in Tenochtitlan every day. People bought and sold many things there, including slaves (prisoners of war from states the Aztecs had taken over). The entire city was decorated with art, architecture, and stone sculptures.
The Great Temple
The city had a huge pyramid called the Templo Mayor (Great Temple). At the top of the Temple, there were two small rooms. In these rooms, the Aztecs sacrificed people to two of their most important gods: Huitzilopochtli, the god of war and the sun, and Tlaloc, the rain god. The Aztecs believed that if they did not feed their gods blood, the gods would wither and die, causing the end of the world as they knew it.
Agriculture
The Aztecs had created canals all across the city. By bringing water to Aztec crops, these canals made it possible for the Aztecs to grow much more food than they normally could have. The Aztecs had also made levees to protect the city from flooding, and reservoirs for fresh water.
The Aztecs also built chinampas (small rectangular crops floating on lake beds) so that they could create more food to feed the thousands of people who lived around Tenochtitlan. In addition, they built waterways and dams so that they could receive fresh water, and block out the salty brackish water.
Fall of Tenochtitlan
In 1519, Spanish conquistadores led by Hernan Cortes arrived in Tenochtitlan. Cortes was impressed with the city, but still decided to attack it. The Spanish and their Tlaxcalan allies invaded Tenochtitlan, and the city fell in 1521.
Mexico City was built over the ruins of Tenochtitlan.
Grand Junction, Colorado

Grand Junction is a home rule municipality that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Mesa County, Colorado, United States. Grand Junction is west-southwest of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 58,566.
Balschwiller

Balschwiller is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Landsberg

Landsberg may refer to:
Landsberg (surname)
Margraviate of Landsberg, a march of the Holy Roman Empire
Palatinate-Landsberg, a state of the Holy Roman Empire
Places
Landsberg (district), Bavaria, Germany
Landsberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria, Germany
Landsberg-Lech Air Base, Germany
Landsberg Prison, a prison in Landsberg am Lech
Kaufering concentration camp complex
Landsberg an der Warthe, German name of Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland
Landsberg in Oberschlesien/Upper Silesia, German name of Gorzow Slaski, Poland
Landsberg in Ostpreussen/East Prussia, German name of Gorowo Ilaweckie, Poland
Landsberg Castle (disambiguation)
Smoky (1946 movie)

Smoky is a 1946 American western drama movie directed by Louis King and is the second adaption of the 1926 novel Smoky the Cowhorse by Will James. It stars Fred MacMurray, Anne Baxter, Bruce Cabot, Roy Roberts, Esther Dale, Burl Ives and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Zhang Bin

Zhang Bin is a modern pentathlete from China. Zhang competed at the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on September 22, 1969.
Qubadli District

Qubadli District () is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the south-west of the country and belongs to the Eastern Zangezur Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Lachin, Khojavend, Jabrayil, Zangilan, and the Syunik Province of Armenia.
Its capital and largest city is Qubadli. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 41,600.
Captain Applejack

Captain Applejack is 1931 American comedy movie directed by Hobart Henley and is the second version of the 1921 play of the same name by Walter C. Hackett. It stars John Halliday, Mary Brian, Arthur Edmund Carewe, Alec B. Francis, Claud Allister, Louise Closser Hale and was distributed by Warner Bros..
Pecados y Milagros

Pecados y Milagros () is the seventh album by Mexican Latin singer Lila Downs. It was released in 2011. It reached the top of the charts in Mexico, Germany, Argentina, Colombia, Spain and the United States. It also reached the top ten in other major markets. Downs did a tour for the album called the "Pecados y Milagros World Tour". The singles on Pecados y Milagros are: "Palomo del Comalito", "Zapata se Queda" and "Mezcalito". In 2012 the album Pecados y Milagros won a Grammy Award for "Best Regional Mexican Music Album (Including Tejano)". The same year it won a Latin Grammy Award for "Best Folk Album". The main music genres which make up the album are pop, folk and ska.
Hawthorn Woods, Illinois

Hawthorn Woods is a village in Fremont and Ela townships in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 7,663 at the 2010 census.
2015 Baltimore protests

The 2015 Baltimore unrest (also known as the Baltimore uprising) were protests that began on April 25, 2015 in Baltimore, Maryland. The protests happened in response to the death of an African American man named Freddie Gray. Gray was 25 years old. He lived in Baltimore. He had been arrested for having a switchblade. He was in good health when he was arrested. Later, he had injuries to his spine and larynx as a result of being improperly secured in the police fan, ultimately leading to a coma. He died the following week.
Over 200 people were arrested. A state of emergency was declared in Baltimore. The city was later put under curfew.
Scalar

Scalars are simple numbers. They are used for measuring things. Many things can be measured, and the measure can be explained by only giving the number.
Suppose we are measuring a rod. We could give the measured length as 2 metres or 3 cm--depending on the length of the rod under observation. Here, only the figure 2 or 3 along with the unit of measure is enough to transmit information about the rod.
Other examples of scalars are:
Unit of mass (Kilograms)
Unit of measuring luminosity (Candela)
Unit of length (Metres)
In other words, mass is measured by scalars, just like distances are measured by scalars.
In mathematics, scalars are distinguished from more complex mathematical objects such as vectors and matrices in that they consist of only one number. A scalar can also be multiplied to a vector or a matrix , resulting in the vector and the matrix , respectively. For vectors, scalar multiplication produces a new vector of different length in the same or opposite direction of the original vector.
Villanueva de Gormaz

Villanueva de Gormaz is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Leon Goretzka

Leon Christoph Goretzka (born 6 February 1995) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bayern Munich and the Germany national team.
Hausen am Albis

Hausen am Albis is a municipality of the district Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.
IHeartMedia

iHeartMedia, Inc. (known in the past as CC Media Holdings, Inc.) is a radio organization that was established in 1972. It was then taken as a private company in 2008. It is the holding company of iHeartCommunications, Inc. (used to be known as Clear Channel Communications). It owns more than 850 AM radio and FM radio stations through the United States alone.
On September 16, 2014, CC Media Holdings changed their name to iHeartMedia, Inc., while Clear Channel Communications became iHeartCommunications, Inc.
Saucats

Saucats is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Saddle

A saddle is like a seat for a rider, which is held to an animal's back by a belly strap called a girth. The most common type is the equestrian saddle made for a horse. Saddles have been made for camels and other animals. The earliest saddles were simple pads fixed with a surcingle seen by 800 BC, with the saddle tree coming into use about 200 BC, and paired stirrups by 322 AD Saddles in use today, date back to the 1700s. Today, modern saddles come in different styles, designed for different equestrian activities. They need careful fit for both the rider and the horse. Proper saddle care can extend the useful life of a saddle, often for many years.
The two most common saddle types used for horse riding are the English saddle and the Western saddle. The English saddle is used for horse sports like show jumping, dressage, and eventing. It is also used for horse showing. It has less leather and is lighter than most Western saddles.
The Western saddle is used for horse activities where the rider needs more support than in and english saddle. It is also used for showing, barrel racing, rodeo, and many other sports. The biggest difference is it has a horn on the front, and a higher cantle. This was used originally for tying cattle off when working, so the ranchers could brand or work with the cow. It's now used more widely, in barrel racing it's used for support, in roping events, it's still used to tie cattle.
There are many different types of English and Western saddles. All are designed for a specific purpose. So while they might look different, they all help the rider for the sport or activity for which they were designed. For example, a rider would not want to jump in a Western saddle because the horn would make it hard for them to stay in the correct position over the jump. A rider would not want to work cows in a jumping saddle because they would not have a horn and because the Western saddle puts the rider in a better position for working cows.
Nate Dogg

Nathaniel Dwayne Hale (August 19, 1969 - March 15, 2011), known professionally as Nate Dogg, was an American singer, songwriter and rapper. He has worked with a wide range of musicians including Snoop Dogg, Eminem, Mariah Carey and Warren G.
Health problems
On December 19, 2007, he had a stroke. In September 2008, he suffered another stroke.
Death
He died on March 15, 2011 from complications from multiple strokes.
Repentance (disambiguation)

Repentance (in Christianity), an act of admitting all the sin that you've committed and receiving Jesus' forgiveness.
Repentance may also refer to:
Repentance (album), the tenth album by acid rapper Esham
Repentance (movie), Georgian movie directed by Tengiz Abuladze
"Repentance" (Voyager episode), the thirteenth episode broadcast of the seventh season of the TV series Star Trek: Voyager
Repentance (story), a short story by Russian author Leo Tolstoy.
Repentance (song), a song by Dream Theater.
Repentance (EP), an EP by Paramaecium.
Vanir

The Vanir are one of the two tribes of deities in Norse mythology, the other being the AEsir. Native to Vanaheimr, the Vanir are peace-loving gods, associated with nature and fertility, while the AEsir were chaotic and warlike. Members of the Vanir include:
Njordr - God of the sea and wind, he was chief of the Vanir in the years prior to the AEsir-Vanir War.
Freyr - God of prosperity and sunshine.
Freyja - Twin sister of Freyr, she is the goddess of love and beauty, magic, war, and death.
Skadi - Goddess of hunting and skiing, she is Freyr and Freyja's stepmother by way of her marriage to Njordr.
Gerdr - Freyr's beloved wife, she is a jotunn native to the realm of Jotunheimr.
Odr - Freyja's husband, who might be just a doublet of Odin. Nothing is known about Odr except that he often went away on long journeys, and Freyja wept when she missed him. Freyja's tears become the purest gold and amber.
Gullveigr - A practitioner of dark magic, Gullveigr was a notably powerful sorceress who was burnt and killed three times by the AEsir, which eventually led to the war between the two tribes. Loki ate the burnt heart of Gullveigr and gave birth to a monster; Gullveigr still lived after all those punishments.
Heimdallr - Guardian of the Bifrost. Whether he is AEsir or Vanir is doubtful.
Ullr - God of hunting. In later traditions, Ullr is said to be a stepson of Thor.
A number of them live in Asgard alongside the AEsir as a token of goodwill following the war between the two tribes, which resulted in them uniting into a single pantheon. The goddess Freyja receives half of those slain in battle as a share of power between the two clans.
V for Vendetta

V for Vendetta is a ten-issue graphic comic book series from DC Comics and Vertigo, written by Alan Moore and illustrated mostly by David Lloyd. It is set in a dystopian future United Kingdom imagined from the 1980s about the 1990s, which has become a totalitarian fascist dictatorship. The protagonist and title character, known simply as "V", is an anarchist who intends to lead a revolution and bring down the fascist state. It was published from 1982 to 1988.
In 2005, it was made into a movie with the same name. Unlike in the comic book, the movie takes place in 2020. There are also a few differences from the comic book.
Stig Anderson

Stig Erik Leopold Anderson (25 January 1931 - 12 September 1997), better known as Stikkan Anderson, was a Swedish music manager, lyricist and music publisher. He was the co-founder of Polar Music. He was best known for managing the Swedish pop band ABBA.
On 12 September 1997, at the age of 66, Anderson died of a heart attack in Stockholm.
Karlsruhe, North Dakota

Karlsruhe ( ) is a small town in McHenry County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 82 at the 2010 census. It was named after the German city of Karlsruhe.
YTV (Canadian TV channel)

YTV is an American English language children's television network by Corus Entertainment Treehouse TV and Teletoon for Nelvana.
Prahova

The word Prahova can be any of these places in Romania:
Prahova County
Prahova River
Prahova Valley
Villeron

Villeron is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Neighbouring communes are Chennevieres-les-Louvres, Louvres, Marly-la-Ville, Saint-Witz and Vemars.
Happy Mondays

The Happy Mondays were an alternative rock band from Manchester who became popular in the 1980s. They were associated with the house music movement and Madchester. Their biggest hit was Step On, from the album Pills n Thrills n Bellyaches.
Noh Jung-yoon

Noh Jung-Yoon (born 28 March 1971) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.
Hardeman County, Texas

Hardeman County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 3,549 people lived there. The county seat and largest city is Quanah.
Rajesh Singh

Rajesh Kumar Singh (born 1968) is an Indian businessperson and movie producer. He is the founder and managing director of Dayal Group. He is noted for producing Hindi movies, Fareb (2005) and Anwar (2007). Singh received the Mahatma Gandhi Award in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh state Yogi Adityanath awarded him the Uttar Pradesh Ratna Award in 2020.
Biography
He was born in 1968 in Varanasi, India and was raised in Lucknow. He ventured into business in 1997 and founded his company, Dayal Group of Companies, which is into real estate, education and movie production.
In 2005, Singh produced the Bollywood movie, Fareb, starring Manoj Bajpayee. He produced by the romantic thriller Anwar in 2007. He founded Kunwar's Global School in Lucknow, which is run by Kunwar's Education Foundation, where Singh serves as the chairman.
Filmography
Awards
In January 2022, he was given the Uttar Pradesh Ratna by Smriti Irani, the Minister of Women and Child Development in the Union Cabinet of India, for his contribution to education.
Rajesh Singh was awarded the Uttar Pradesh Ratna Award 2020 by UP Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath for his contribution to the field of education.
He was awarded the Distinguished Alumnus Award from Lucknow University in 2018. The award was given by UP Governor Ram Naik.
He was given the Mahatma Gandhi Award by the NRI Association of India in the House of Commons in London, United Kingdom.
In 2018, Singh was awarded the World Icon Award by the Prime Minister of Thailand in Bangkok.
The Legend of Bagger Vance

The Legend of Bagger Vance is a 2000 American sports drama movie based on Steven Pressfield's 1995 novel and directed by Robert Redford. It stars Will Smith, Matt Damon, Charlize Theron, Bruce McGill and Jack Lemmon in his final film role.
Ephemeris

An ephemeris is a table giving the predicted positions of an object in space, like another planet, comet, or asteroid.
Alone/Together

Alone/Together is a 2019 Filipino romantic drama movie directed by Antoinette Jadaone and starring Enrique Gil, Liza Soberano, Jasmine Curtis-Smith, Sylvia Sanchez, Adrian Alandy. It was distributed by ABS-CBN Films.
Himmelstadt

Himmelstadt is a community in Main-Spessart in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Zellingen.
Because of the community's "heavenly" name - Himmel means "heaven" or "sky" in German - the Weihnachtspostamt Himmelstadt ("Himmelstadt Christmas Post Office") has existed since 1986, run by Deutsche Post and the community.
Geography
Location
Himmelstadt is in the Wurzburg Region.
The community has only one Gemarkung (traditional rural cadastral area), also called Himmelstadt.
Vivian Perlis

Vivian L. Perlis (April 26, 1928 - July 4, 2019) was an American musicologist. She was the founder and director of Yale University's Oral History of American Music. She founded the oral history project in 1969. She also notably wrote Charles Ives Remembered. She first started working at Yale University as a reference librarian in 1959. She retired in 2010.
Perlis was born in Brooklyn, New York and grew up in Long Island. She was married to Stanford James Perlis, and had three children.
Perlis died in Weston, Connecticut on July 4, 2019 after an illness. She was 91.
Treehouse of Horror XXXII

"Treehouse of Horror XXXII" is the 3rd episode of The Simpsons 33rd season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on October 10, 2021. It is the 32nd Treehouse of Horror episode. The episode has five stories in it (most Treehouse of Horror episodes only have three). The episode makes references to Parasite, Bambi, The Ring, Guardians of the Galaxy, Little Shop of Horrors, The Wizard of Oz, and TikTok. Tree Rollins guest stars in the episode as himself. Mr. Sparkle from the episode "In Marge We Trust" is seen in this episode.
Economic Freedom Fighters

The Economic Freedom Fighters is a South African far left political party. It was formed in 2013 and has representatives at both local and national governments.
Washington County, Texas

Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 35,805 people lived there. The county seat is Brenham.
Queen Silvia of Sweden

Queen Silvia of Sweden (born Silvia Renate Sommerlath) (born 23 December 1943) and of half-German, half-Brazilian descent is the Queen consort of King Carl XVI Gustaf, Sweden's monarch, and the mother of the heir apparent to the throne. Their children are:
Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Varmland
Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Halsingland and Gastrikland
She is styled Her Majesty The Queen and in Sweden is most often referred to as Queen Silvia.
She also make efforts for charitable organizations, human rights, and sign language, and opposes child sexual abuse and child pornography.
The Philadelphia Story (play)

The Philadelphia Story is a 1939 American comic play by Philip Barry. It is about a socialite whose wedding plans are ruined by the arrival of her ex-husband and an attractive journalist.
Kolkata Knight Riders

Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) are a franchise cricket team. It represents the city of Kolkata in the Indian Premier League. The franchise is owned by Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan, actress Juhi Chawla and her spouse Jay Mehta. The Knight Riders play at the iconic Eden Gardens stadium.
History
The franchise, which got popularity due to its celebrity owners, qualified for the IPL playoffs for the first time in 2011. They became the IPL champions in 2012, by defeating Chennai Super Kings in the final. They repeated the feat in 2014, defeating Kings XI Punjab. The Knight Riders hold the record for the longest winning streak by any Indian team in T20s (14).
The side's all-time leading run-scorer is Gautam Gambhir, while their leading wicket-taker is Sunil Narine. The official theme of the team is Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re (we will perform, fight, and win!) and the official colours are purple and gold.
L'Haÿ-les-Roses

L'Hay-les-Roses is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France. It is in the southern suburbs of Paris, from the center. 31,417 people lived here in 2018.
The Roseraie du Val-de-Marne is here.
Stephen F. Lynch

Stephen Francis Lynch (born March 31, 1955) is an American politician. He has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts since 2001. He is a Democrat representing Massachusetts's 8th congressional district.
Lynch ran for the Democratic nomination in the 2013 special election for the U.S. Senate but lost to Ed Markey.
Theodor Boveri

Theodor Heinrich Boveri (12 October 1862 - 15 October 1915) was a German biologist who made discoveries in cytology, embryology and genetics. His career was devoted to the processes whereby a new individual arises from parental reproductive materials.
His work with sea urchins showed that it was necessary to have all chromosomes present in order for proper development of the embryo to take place. This discovery was an important part of the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory. His other significant discovery was the centrosome (1888), which he described as the especial organ of cell division. Boveri also discovered the phenomenon of chromatin diminution during embryonic development of the nematode Parascaris.
Boveri-Sutton hypothesis
1902-1904: Boveri, in a series of papers, drew attention to the correspondence between the behaviour of chromosomes and the results obtained by Mendel. He said that chromosomes were "independent entities which retain their independence even in the resting nucleus... What comes out of the nucleus is what goes into it".
In 1903 Walter Sutton suggested that chromosomes, which segregate in a Mendelian fashion, are hereditary units. E.B. Wilson, who was Sutton's teacher, called this the Sutton-Boveri hypothesis.
Cancer
Boveri reasoned that a cancerous tumor begins with a single cell in which the make up of its chromosomes becomes scrambled, causing the cells to divide uncontrollably.
It was only later that researchers such as Thomas Hunt Morgan showed that Boveri was correct.
Other websites
Fritz Baltzer. (1967). excerpt from Theodor Boveri: The life of a great biologist, 1862-1915 . University of California Press, Berkeley; pp. 85-97.
Asuka period

The , sometimes called Suikocho-jidai ("period of the Suiko court"), was a time in the history of Japan which lasted from around 538 through about 710. There is some overlap with the Kofun period which came before. There is also some overlap with the Nara period, which comes after.
The Asuka period is named after the Asuka region, about 25 km south to the modern city of Nara.
John Ball

Jack, Johnny, or John Ball may refer to:
Clergymen
John Ball (priest) ( 1338 - 1381), English radical priest and leader of 1381 Peasants' Revolt
John Ball (minister) (1665-1745), English Presbyterian minister
John Ball (clergyman) (before 1760 - after 1795), African-American minister from Nova Scotia
John Ball (bishop) (1934-2016), British Anglican bishop
Performers
Johnny Ball (born 1938), English children's television presenter
John Ball (musician) (born 1990), American Christian musician
Politicians
John Ball (16th-century MP) (1518-1556), English Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich
John Ball (assemblyman) (1756-1838), American soldier and politician
John Thomas Ball (1815-1898), Irish barrister and politician, MP for Dublin University 1868-1875
John Ball (naturalist) (1818-1889), Irish naturalist and politician, MP for County Carlow 1857-1880
John Ball (pioneer) (1794-1884), American pioneer and state politician
John Ball (Drogheda MP), MP for Drogheda in the Irish House of Commons
Sportsmen
John Ball (golfer) (1861-1940), English amateur golfer; winner of The Open Championship
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1900) (1900-1989), English footballer for Bury and England
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1907) (1907-1976), English football forward
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1923) (1923-1999), English football goalkeeper
John Ball (footballer, born 1925) (1925-1998), English footballer for Bolton Wanderers
John Ball (soccer, born 1972), American footballer for Rochester Rhinos
Writers
John Ball (Puritan) (1585-1640), English author and scholar
John Ball (pioneer) (1794-1884), American explorer
John Ball (geologist) (1872-1941), English geologist
John Ball (novelist) (1911-1988), American novelist
Sir John M. Ball (born 1948), English mathematician
John Ball (cognitive scientist) (born 1963), American cognitive scientist
See also
John Bull (disambiguation)
John Ball Primary School, primary school in Blackheath, London
Legnano

Legnano is an Italian city in Lombardy. It has about 60,200 inhabitants.
Plougonvelin

Plougonvelin () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
San Mauro Torinese

San Mauro Torinese is an Italian city in Piedmont. About 18,900 people live there.
Sylvano Bussotti

Sylvano Bussotti (1 October 1931 - 19 September 2021) was an Italian composer. His works were contemporary classical music. He was born in Florence, Italy. He was the artistic director of La Fenice, Venice. He was openly gay.
Bussotti died on 19 September 2021 at the age of 89.
President pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines

The President pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines is the second highest-ranking official of the Senate of the Philippines. When the Senate President cannot do his job in the Senate, the Senate President pro tempore presides over the Senate.
Alison King

Alison Rosamund King (born 3 March 1973) is an English actress and model. She is known for her television roles as Lynda Block in the Sky One drama series Dream Team and Carla Connor in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street. She won Best Actress at the 2012 British Soap Awards.
King is considered by the press as a British sex symbol.
Adela Florence Nicolson

Adela Florence Nicolson (nee Cory) (9 April 1865-4 October 1904) was an English poet who lived in India. She wrote under the pseudonym Laurence Hope.
Agilodocodon

Agilodocodon was a shrew-sized docodont from the Middle Jurassic. It is the earliest known tree-climbing mammal-like therapsid.
Agilodocodon scansorius was about 13 centimeters from head to tail, and weighed about 27 grams. Its appearance was similar to a squirrel, with a long snout, curved, horny claws and flexible ankle and wrist joints typical of modern arboreal mammals. The front teeth were spade-like, indicating that Agilodocodon scansorius could gnaw tree bark and eat gum or sap.
This interpretation is questioned by another palaeontologist. He thinks Agilodocodon'''s teeth "are quite different" from the modern sap-eating monkeys, and the long, thin lower jaw seems too weak for gnawing tree bark.
Discovery
The fossils of Agilodocodon scansorius, with the mole-like Docofossor brachydactylus, were found by farmers in the Chinese Tiaojishan Formation. They were got and examined by the Beijing Museum of Natural History. The species Agilodocodon scansorius was reported in the journal Science'' in 2015.
Alex Fergusson (politician)

Sir Alexander Charles Onslow Fergusson (8 April 1949 - 31 July 2018) was a Scottish politician. He was a member of the Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party and Scottish Parliament from 1999 to 2016. He was the third Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament from 2007 until 2011.
Fergusson died on 31 July 2018, aged 69.
Latvian Americans

Latvian Americans are Americans who are of Latvian ancestry. According to the 2008 American Community Survey, there are 93,498 Americans of full or partial Latvian descent.
Plaistow, Newham

Plaistow ( or ) is a suburban town in East London, England.
Plaistow North and Plaistow South are two of the ten electoral wards making up the UK parliamentary constituency of West Ham.
Levier

Levier is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2017, the former commune of Labergement-du-Navois became a part of Levier.
Fast & Furious (2009 movie)

Fast & Furious (also known by Fast & Furious 4) is a 2009 American action movie directed by Justin Lin. The story was written by Chris Morgan. The movie is the fourth one of the Fast and the Furious movies. The movie gets back together the actors Vin Diesel, Paul Walker, Michelle Rodriguez and Jordana Brewster. The movie follows from The Fast and the Furious, the 2001 movie into a the time right now. The same actors are in both movies. The movie came out on April 3, 2009. The movie got bad comments when it came out. The movie made $363 million dollars all over the world.
Sacavém

Sacavem is a city in Portugal, near the capital Lisbon. There is about eighteen hundred people living there. Sacavem is on the border of the River Tagus. It confines with the parishes of Bobadela, Camarate, Moscavide, Portela, Prior Velho and Unhos.
Sacavem is very well known for its ceramics.