kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Étienne Mougeotte

Etienne Mougeotte (4 March 1940 - 7 October 2021) was a French journalist and media director. He was Vice-President of TF1 Group and was satellite director of TF1 from 1987 to 2007. He worked for Le Figaro from 2008 to 2012 and was Director-General of Radio Classique from 2012 to 2018.
Mougeotte died on 7 October 2021 in Paris from tonsil cancer, aged 81.
Sharjah

Sharjah can refer to:
Sharjah (emirate), the third largest emirate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Sharjah (city), the largest city and capital of the emirate of Sharjah
Sharjah C.S.C., a football club in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
In 1972, oil was first discovered in Sharjah in the Mubarak Field.
The first export of oil from Sharjah was in 1974.
In 1975, the first container station in the Gulf and Middle East area was established at the Khaled Seaport, Sharjah.
Sharjah has 19 industrial areas that contributes to more than 48% of the UAE's gross industrial output.
In 1927, Sharjah Municipality was established as the first municipality in UAE.
Haifa Wehbe

Haifa Wehbe (, born March 10, 1972) is a female Lebanese singer, actress, model, and jewelry designer who is known in the Arab world. Wehbe was born in a rural town in South Lebanon and currently lives in Beirut. She started her music career with her debut album Huwa az-Zaman (, It is Time).
Early life and career
Before she became a singer, she was a model. She won title "Miss South Lebanon" when she was sixteen. In 1995, she was the runner-up for Miss Lebanon before the public found out she had a daughter named Zeinab.
Her second 2005 album was Baddi 'Ays (, I Want to Live). Her second songs was "Ana Haifa" (I am Haifa).
She also appeared in Pepsi ad with French footballer Thierry Henry.
Nicola Materazzi

Nicola Materazzi (28 January 1939 - 24 August 2022) was an Italian mechanical engineer. He helped design many sports and racing cars, including the Ferrari 288 GTO, Ferrari F40, Bugatti EB110 and B Engineering Edonis. He was nicknamed "Mr F40" or the "father of the F40".
Invention

An invention is a new thing that someone has made. The computer was an invention when it was first made. We say when it was "invented". New things that are made or created are called inventions. Cars and plastics are inventions that everyone knows. Inventions are made by inventors. Many inventions are patented.
Ideas are also called inventions. Writers can invent characters, and then invent a story about them.
Inventing
Over time, humans have invented objects which make life easier for themselves. Because of this, a quote "necessity is the mother of invention", was written. The quote means that a lack of something should inspire someone to create something to fill that empty space. However, not all people believe that this is true. They think that too much of something can lead to an invention.
Many inventions are just a variation of something that already exists.
Live Aid

Live Aid was two rock concerts in London and Philadelphia that were held on July 13, 1985. It was organized by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for African citizens who were in poverty not getting enough food. Live Aid was held in two places at the same time, in Wembley Stadium in London, and in John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia. The concert raised $127 million.
On November 8, 2004, Official recordings of the Live Aid concert was sold on DVD. The money that the DVD set got was given to Africa.
Guillestre

Guillestre is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Intermediate value theorem

The intermediate value theorem says that if a function, , is continuous over a closed interval , and is equal to and at either end of the interval, for any number, c, between and , we can find an so that .
This means that if a continuous function's sign changes in an interval, we can find a root of the function in that interval. For example, if and , we can find an in the interval that is a root of this function, meaning that for this value of x, , if is continuous. This corollary is called Bolzano's theorem.
Philipp Bobkov

Philipp Denisovich Bobkov (; 1 December 1925 - 17 June 2019) was a Russian KGB official. He worked as a director of the KGB political police department (Fifth Chief Directorate) that was responsible for stopping protests in the former Soviet Union. He was called the "KGB brain". Bobkov was born in Oleksandriia Raion, Ukrainian SSR.
On 17 June 2019, Bobkov died in Moscow, at the age of 93.
Political asylum

Someone may ask for political asylum when they are frightened to live oppressed in their own country. They will then go to another country. If they are allowed to live in the new country this is called political asylum.
People who seek asylum say they are victims of threats, physical harm or denigration of their human dignity as these are violating their human rights.
The political asylum is one of the human rights affirmed by Article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and a rules of international human rights law. All countries who have agreed to the United Nations Conventions Relating to the Status of Refugees must let people, who do qualify, come into their country.
People who qualify for asylum are those who can show that they might be badly treated in their own country because of their:
Religion,
Political opinions
Membership of a particular social group or social activities or
Personal lifestyle and sexual orientation.
People often confuse exiling an individual from his/her home country as a migration to a political asylum but that is not as it seems, migrating with one's own will due to personal reasons can be a political migration but not under the sentence of Government.
People who are given political asylum are called refugees. They are often confused with "economic refugees". Economic refugees are people who move from a poor country to a richer one so that they may work and make more money, often to send back to their families.
2021 Welsh Conservatives leadership election

The 2021 Welsh Conservatives leadership election took place on 23 January 2021. It happened after Paul Davies resigned from being leader of the Welsh Conservatives, after people saying that he had broken COVID-19 rules.
After a short talk between people in the Welsh Conservatives, the group decided Andrew RT Davies should be the new leader.
École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications

Ecole nationale superieure d'electrotechnique, d'electronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des telecommunications is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Toulouse (Southern France).
Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
Ingenieur ENSEEIHT (ENSEEIHT Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science (in partnership with the French Civil Aviation University)
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Course.
Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSEEIHT.
Most of the 1500 graduate engineer students at ENSEEIHT live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.
Shell shock

In World War I, many soldiers had psychological problems. These kinds of problems are known as post-traumatic stress disorder (or PTSD) today. The term post-traumatic stress disorder is relatively new. At the time, people such as Charles Samuel Myers called this condition shell shock. Shell shock is a reaction to bombardment and fighting. Soldiers who were affected often felt helpless. Very often they panicked, were scared, and tried to flee. They were also unable to reason, sleep, walk or talk.
During the War, people did not agree on what exactly shell shock was. Some people interpreted it as a physical or psychological injury, others said it was a lack of morale. In 2021, the Department of Veterans Affairs still used the term shell shock to describe certain parts of PTSD. In most cases, the term is no longer used, except for very specific injuries which occurred during the war.
From World War II onwards, people were no longer diagnosed with shell shock: The new term used was combat stress reaction: this is a similar but not identical response to the trauma of warfare and bombardment.
Modern cases of shell shock
As outlined, the term shell shocked is used in the context of World War I, to describe early cases of what is called PTSD today. As it is a reaction to the detonation of high-impact explosives, it also has modern uses.
When they were in Iraq and Afghanistan, approximately 380,000 U.S. troops, about 19% of those deployed, were estimated to have sustained brain injuries from explosive weapons and devices. This prompted the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to open up a $10 million study of the blast effects on the human brain. The study revealed that, while the brain remains initially intact immediately after low level blast effects, the chronic inflammation afterwards is what ultimately leads to many cases of shell shock and PTSD.
Rose (disambiguation)

Rose can mean:
Rose, a plant
People
Rose Byrne, Australian actress
Rose Cleveland, First Lady of the United States (1885-1886)
Rose Marie, American and comedian
Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, American philanthropist, mother of John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy
Fictional people
Rose, a main character in Violet's Life
Scinax ruberoculatus

The red-eyed snouted tree frog (Scinax ruberoculatus) is a frog. It lives in forests in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana.
The red-eyed snouted tree frog is smaller than other frogs in Scinax. The adult male frog is 22.6-25.9 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 25.4-27.5 mm long. This frog is light gray or light brown in color, with a dark spot on its head. The scientists wrote that this spot looked like a human back tooth or like a moth to them. There is an off-white stripe on each side of the body. The upper half of the iris of the eye is red in color and the bottom half of the iris is gray in color. The belly is whitish.
The tadpole is about 22.2 mm long, with the tail. The body is bronze in color with darker brown spots. Young frogs are gray with darker spots. The irises of their eyes are red all around with black color around the iris.
Suzette

Suzette is a commune. It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Transport
Road
The D90 road passes through Suzette.
Toyohashi

is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
Cities in Japan
Settlements in Aichi Prefecture
Teamwork

Teamwork is when many people work together. They work together to reach a goal. Teamwork helps people to understand others, build friendly friendships, and to get any job done the right way. In health care, teamwork is often practiced to help patients at the hospital. All team members are given a job to do. In teamwork, all work is shared.
Naomi Munakata

was a Japanese-born Brazilian conductor.
Munakata was born in Hiroshima, Japan, and her parents emigrated to Brazil when she was very young. Her work was set in the city of Sao Paulo. She was director of the Municipal School of Music of Sao Paulo, and conductor and artistic director of the State Youth Choir. She directed the Osesp Choir for two decades, and ran a radio program. Her last position was as principal conductor of Coral Paulistano Mario de Andrade.
She was hospitalized on 16 March 2020 at the Hospital Alemao Oswaldo Cruz with symptoms of COVID-19. She died on 26 March 2020 at age 64.
Atlas Computer (Manchester)

The Atlas Computer was a computer installed in Manchester University in 1962 that was very important in the development of computing. The Atlas computer was one of the worlds first supercomputers and possibly the most powerful computer in the world at its time.
Champs-sur-Yonne

Champs-sur-Yonne is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
Boom Clap

"Boom Clap" is an electropop song by Charli XCX. This song was released as the first single from The Fault in Our Stars soundtrack. It was also on XCX's studio album Sucker.
The single was released on June 15, 2014. It peaked at #6 on the UK Singles chart. It was also #8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It got positive reviews by music critics.
Longeville-sur-Mogne

Longeville-sur-Mogne is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Political spectrum

A political spectrum is a way to classify different political positions in relation to others. These positions sit upon one or more geometric axes that represent independent political dimensions.
Jihadism

"Jihadism" (also "jihadist movement", "jihadi movement" and variants) is a 21st-century neologism found in Western languages to describe Islamist movements seen by the military to be "rooted in Islam" and a threat to the West.
The term "jihadism" first appeared in South Asian media; Western journalists adopted it in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks of 2001.
Italian dressing

Italian dressing is a type of vinaigrette salad dressing in American cuisine that is made up of water, vinegar or lemon juice, vegetable oil, chopped bell peppers, sugar or corn syrup, herbs and spices (including oregano, fennel, dill and salt) and sometimes onion and garlic.
Electoral district of Gympie

Gympie is an electoral district of Queensland. It was created in 1873, abolished in 1950 and recreated in 1960.
Dreamer (Supertramp song)

"Dreamer" is a 1974 song by English rock band Supertramp. It was taken from their third studio album Crime of the Century. It went to number 13 in the United Kingdom, number 34 in New Zealand, number 47 in Australia and number 75 in Canada. The 1980 live version topped the charts in Canada and made number 15 in the United States.
Track listings
1974: 7-inch single
Side one
"Dreamer" - 3:33 (Written by Roger Hodgson)
Side two
"Bloody Well Right" - 4:26 (Written by Rick Davies)
1980: 7-inch single
US version
Side one
"Dreamer" (Live) - 3:15 (Hodgson)
Side two
"From Now On" (Live) - 6:44 (Davies)
European version
Side one
"Dreamer" (Live) - 3:15 (Hodgson)
Side two
"You Started Laughing" (Live) - 3:50 (Davies)
Notes
Black Girl (1966 movie)

Black Girl (original French title: La noire de...) is a 1966 French Senegalese drama movie directed by Ousmane Sembene and starring Mbissine Therese Diop, Anne-Marie Jelinek, Robert Fontaine, Momar Nar Sene.
Resident Evil: Extinction

Resident Evil: Extinction is a 2007 action horror movie directed by Russell Mulcahy and a sequel to 2004's Resident Evil: Apocalypse. It starred Milla Jovovich.
Plot
The T-Virus spread all over the world after it left Raccoon City.
Molokini

Molokini is a crescent-shaped, submerged volcanic crater which forms a small islet located in `Alalakeiki Channel between the islands of Maui and Kahoolawe in Maui County in Hawaii.
The islet has an area of . It is at its highest point, and is about west of Makena State Park and south of Maalaea Bay.
Roasio

Roasio is a comune in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region of Piedmont.
White phosphorus

White phosphorus is an incendiary weapon. It makes a bright light and smoke. Its main ingredient is one of the allotropes of the chemical element phosphorus. White phosphorus is toxic to humans. It can burn deep into soft tissue, it can be breathed in, or it can be ingested (eaten). Over time, these can cause death.
The use of incendiary weapons against civilians is forbidden since 1949. They were used by U.S. forces in Iraq in 2004.
White phosphorous was also used for smoke cover by the Israeli Army during Operation Cast Lead in the Gaza Strip during the 2008-2009 war between Israel and Hamas.
Pedro Armendáriz Jr.

Pedro Armendariz, Jr. (April 6, 1940 - December 26, 2011) was a Mexican actor and television actor.
Early life
Armendariz, Jr. was born on April 6, 1940 in Mexico City, Mexico, the son of actors Carmela (nee Pardo) and to Pedro Armendariz, Sr, both Mexican. His grandmother was from the United States. Armendariz, Jr. was married to Mexican actress Ofelia Medina.
Career
His career began in 1965 and is known for playing a small role with his father Armendariz, Sr. in Licence to Kill (1989). His final role was in the 2012 movie Casa de Mi Padre.
Death
In November 2011 Armendariz, Jr. was diagnosed with lung cancer. On December 26, 2011 Armendariz, Jr. died in a Memorial Hospital in New York City, New York from eye cancer, aged 71. He was later buried in Panteon Jardin, Mexico City.
Partille Municipality

Partille Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Partille.
Mafia II

Mafia II is the 2010 sequel to Mafia: The City of Lost Heaven. It was released on August 24, 2010 in North America and August 27, 2010 in the PAL region. The game is set in Empire Bay which is a parody of The Empire State, the nickname for New York in the years 1945 to 1951. Mafia II was protested by an Italian-American group because they thought the game was portraying ethnic stereotypes.
Second sequel
A third game and final sequel to Mafia is Mafia III, it has been released in 2016.
California Institute of the Arts

The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California. It was created in 1961. They have Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts programs. The school's area of education include Art, Critical Studies, Dance, Film/Video, Music, and Theater.
Duane Clarridge

Duane Ramsdell "Dewey" Clarridge (April 16, 1932 - April 9, 2016) was an American senior operations officer for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and supervisor for more than 30 years. Clarridge was the chief of the Latin American division from 1981 to 1987 and a key figure in the Iran-Contra Affair.
Clarridge died at the age of 83, a week short of his 84th birthday in Leesburg, Virginia on April 9, 2016 from complications of esophageal cancer.
Jubal Early

Jubal Anderson Early (November 3, 1816 - March 2, 1894) was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. He commanded a corps in Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. He invaded the north in 1864. After the war, he was one of the major defenders of the Confederate.
Rue, Switzerland

Rue () is a municipality of the district Glane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
Electrical filament

An incandescent light bulb has a small thin wire with two bigger wires holding it up. This wire is called a filament. The filament is the part of the light bulb that produces light.
Filaments in incandescent light bulbs are made of tungsten. Whenever an electric current goes through the filament, the filament glows. It may also be known as the electron emitting element in a vacuum tube. To make the bulb produce more light, the filament is usually made of coils of fine wire, also known as the coiled coil.
Ivo Niederle

Ivo Niederle (26 December 1929 - 8 January 2021) was a Czech actor, entertainer, and commentator. He was born in Prague. He was known for his stage works at Municipal Theaters of Prague. His best known movie and television roles were in Close to Heaven, Zena za pultem, Coach to Vienna.
Niederle died on 8 January 2021 in Prague, aged 91.
Competition (biology)

Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. According to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources plays a role in natural selection.
Competition occurs when organisms or species need or use the same resources. Common resources are food, water and territory.
Two species in competition often continue long-term in the same environment. This suggests they each have an "edge" which the other does not. In may cases being there first is a big edge. For example, plants consume nitrogen by absorbing it into their roots, making nitrogen unavailable to nearby plants.
Species in competition may directly interfere with each other. An example of this can be seen between the ant Novomessor cockerelli and red harvester ants, where the first interferes with the ability of the second to forage. It does this by plugging the entrances to their rival's colonies with small rocks.
Carmine Appice

Carmine Appice ( ) (born December 15, 1946) is an American drummer and percussionist. He played with Vanilla Fudge; Cactus; the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice; Rod Stewart; King Kobra; and Blue Murder.
Salt of this Sea

Salt of this Sea () is a 2008 Palestinian French Belgian American Dutch Spanish Swiss drama movie directed by Annamarie Jacir and starring Suheir Hammad, Saleh Bakri.
Jan Peter Balkenende

Jan Peter Balkenende (born 7 May 1956) is a Dutch politician. He was the Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 2002 until 2010. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal party.
In other countries, he is perhaps most famous because he looks like Harry Potter. This makes him popular with young children, but many Dutch make jokes about it and call him "Jan Potter Balkenende" and other names like that.
Balkenende lives in Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands.
2018

2018 (twenty eighteen) (MMXVIII) was .
Events
January 1 - Estonia takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Union from the United Kingdom.
January 20-22 - The United States government enters a shutdown due to a dispute over the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
February did not experience a completely realized full moon this year
February 9-25 - 2018 Winter Olympics were held in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
March 1 - President Donald Trump announced import for tariff steel 25% and 10% of Aluminum.
April 23 - A white van collided with numerous pedestrians killing nine and injuring sixteen others at Yonge Street in Toronto.
June 14-July 15 -- 2018 FIFA World Cup was held in Russia.
July 1 - Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is elected President of Mexico.
July 1 - Bulgaria takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Union from Estonia.
July 27 - Mars made its closest approach to Earth since 2003. It will not be as close as the 2003 opposition.
August 11 - The final Drum Corps International World Championship to be held in the Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana, after an 11-year run.
September 16 - Swedish general election for the Riksdag take place.
September 28 - An earthquake and tsunami hits Sulawesi, Indonesia killing 2,256 people.
October 23 - The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is opened for the public to use. It is the longest bridge in the world that crosses a sea.
November 6 - The United States mid-term elections take place.
December 22 - A tsunami hits the Sunda Strait in Indonesia, killing more than 430 people.
Computer and video games
Games set in 2018:
Fortnite (2018)
Krazy Ivan (1996)
Trauma Center: Under the Knife (2005)
Phoenix Wright: Trials and Tribulations (2007)
Movies
Rollerball (1975)
Terminator Salvation (2009)
I Spit on Your Rave (2010)
Iron Sky (2011)
Literature
Halting State (2007) by Charles Stross.
Television series
The storyline for the sci-fi television series seaQuest DSV begins in 2018.
The second season of Code Geass takes place in 2018.
Len Lesser

Leonard King "Len" Lesser (December 3, 1922 - February 16, 2011) was an American movie, television, voice, and stage actor. He was known for his role as Uncle Leo in Seinfeld. He was born in New York City, New York on December 3, 1922. He was married to Janice Burrell from 1954 until they divorced in 1982. They had two children. Lesser died on February 16, 2011 in Burbank, California from pneumonia caused by his cancer. He was 88 years old.
Black Dahlia

Elizabeth Short (July 29, 1924 - January 14 or 15, 1947), known as "the Black Dahlia", was an American woman who was found murdered in a neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Her case became highly publicized due to the graphic nature of the crime. Her corpse was chopped into pieces and severed at the waist.
Short's unsolved murder and the details surrounding it have had caused many theories and public speculation. It is one of the oldest unsolved cases in Los Angeles County.
Social darwinism

Social darwinism is a term used for different movements. Charles Darwin was the main proposer of evolution. Evolution is a concept from biology that explains how different life-forms change over time. Most offspring are not exactly like their parents. Some of the children will have different features (or traits). These features may mean that some children are better adapted to the place where they live. If so, the children will have a better chance to survive and reproduce.
Social darwinism theories try to use these ideas from biology for human society. They talk about a Struggle for survival of human societies. During the era of Nazi ideologies, the idea of Survival of the fittest combined with racism. They claimed the Aryan race was better than all the other races and therefore needed more space to live. This space was to be provided in the east (where mostly Slavs lived).
Today, this is seen as wrong. There was no evidence that Slavs were, as individuals, any better or worse than Germans.
Although Darwin's idea was revered in most of the western societies, some Russian intellectuals did not accept his ideas. They feared that accepting Darwin's ideas would cause harm. One of Darwin's biggest critic was Leo Tolstoy, who felt strongly against what he thought was Darwin's idea. In a letter from his death bed, he warned his children not to take Darwin's struggle for existence as a moral guide. Darwin never suggested his ideas were a basis for human life, just a description of what had happened in evolution.
Social darwinism takes the ideas from Darwin's theory of evolution and uses it on society. Darwin believed that people who were more able to survive were able to have kids with similar abilities. Social Darwinism says that people who have more skills will become more successful. These people can spread their influence and change the politics and society around them to make it better for themselves.
Proponents
Herbert Spencer
Herbert Spencer's ideas of evolutionary progressivism, stemmed from his reading of Thomas Malthus. His later theories were influenced by those of Darwin. However, Spencer's major work, Progress: its law and cause (1857), was released two years before the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species, and Spencer's First Principles was printed in 1860.
In The Social Organism (1860), Spencer compares society to a living organism and argues that, just as biological organisms evolve through natural selection, society evolves and increases in complexity through analogous processes.
In many ways, Spencer's theory of cosmic evolution has much more in common with the works of Lamarck and Auguste Comte's positivism than with Darwin's.
Bad use
Social darwinism may be used as a drive for political parties. For example, the Nazis during World War 2. They preferred some people over others based on ideas like race, and the amount of political control they had. They did not like the Jewish people because they thought they were less than human and were not as important as the rest of the people of Germany.
Michael K. Williams

Michael Kenneth Williams (November 22, 1966 - September 6, 2021) was an American actor. He played Omar Little on the HBO drama series The Wire and Albert "Chalky" White on the HBO series Boardwalk Empire.
Williams died on the morning of September 6, 2021 at his New York City apartment at the age of 54. His death is being investigated as a possible drug overdose.
Peter Jackson

Sir Peter Robert Jackson ONZ KNZM (born 31 October 1961, Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand film director. He is most widely known for directing The Lord of the Rings film trilogy. He also directed the 2005 film, King Kong.
In 2003, Jackson won three Academy Awards for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King: Academy Award for Directing, Academy Award for Best Picture and Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay.
Grammy Award for Best Rock Album

The Grammy Award for Best Rock Album has been awarded since 1995. Below is the list of awards, given for musical works created in the previous year.
Sheryl Crow was the first artist to win this award twice (1997 and 1999). The second act to do so was the Foo Fighters, the third U2, and the fourth Green Day.
Foo Fighters have won this award five times. This is more than any other artist.
Fates Warning

Fates Warning is an American progressive metal band. They formed in 1982 and are from Hartford, Connecticut. Many people say they are pioneers. Fates Warning gained fame in the 1980s and was ranked as one of the early "flagship bands of progressive metal" along with Queensryche and Dream Theater, who are both credited for creating, developing and making that genre popular.
Fates Warning is not only known for their music, but they are known to have made many changes to their lineup (members). Their original lineup consisted of vocalist John Arch, guitarists Jim Matheos and Victor Arduini, bassist Joe DiBiase, and drummer Steve Zimmerman. From 1982 to 1996 -- and temporarily in 2010 -- Matheos and DiBiase remained as the only original members of the band, with Matheos being the only constant member. Fates Warning now consists of Matheos on guitar, Ray Alder on vocals and Joey Vera on bass. Bobby Jarzombek has been their drummer since 2007, but only plays live with them.
Fates Warning has released a total of ten studio albums. Other than the studio albums, they have released two live albums, one compilation album, one VHS, three DVDs (each of them features live concerts) and four demo tapes. Their two first albums were not very successful. Their next album, Awaken the Guardian, became a mainstream success and peaked at number #191 on the Billboard 200. It became the first album released on their label Metal Blade to enter that chart. Despite the departure of original singer John Arch, Fates Warning's popularity continued to grow with their next three albums, No Exit (1988), Perfect Symmetry (1989) and Parallels (1991); the first two peaked at #111 and #141 on the Billboard 200 respectively. Fates Warning has not released an album since 2004's FWX. They have been working on a new one, which they plan to release in 2012.
Maejor

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Brandon Michael Green (born 23 July 1988), better known by his stage name Maejor (formerly Bei Maejor and later Maejor Ali) is an American record producer, rapper, singer and songwriter. He is one half of the duo AREA21 alongside Dutch DJ Martin Garrix. Maejor has co-produced and written songs for many artists.
At Play

At Play is a compilation album. It is by the progressive house artist deadmau5. The album consists of several deadmau5 tracks from his earlier releases, as well as collaborations with Melleefresh. The album cover includes the '10 Full Length DJ Friendly Tracks' message. That is typical of the At Play series.
Prenatal diagnosis

Prenatal testing or Prenatal diagnosis are tests done on pregnant women. They are used to test fetuses for birth defects and some genetic disorders.
Prenatal tests can be non-invasive or invasive. Non-invasive tests include things like utrasounds. In invasive tests, a needle is inserted - for example, to get a sample of fluid from the placenta).
Prenatal tests can check for many conditions, like:
Down syndrome
Spina bifida
Cleft palate
Tay-Sachs disease
Sickle-cell disease
Thalassaemia
Cystic fibrosis
Fragile X syndrome
In some cases, the tests are administered to determine if the parents want to abort the fetus.
In some cases, fetal screening has been done to identify things that are not birth defects. For example, in some parts of the world, if an ultrasound shows that a fetus is female, it is sometimes aborted. The rise of designer babies raises a number of ethical and legal issues.
Dendropsophus luddeckei

Dendropsophus luddeckei is a frog that lives in Colombia. Scientists have seen it between 2000 and 4100 meters above sea level.
Hyoid

The hyoid is a horseshoe-shaped bone in the front of the neck. between the chin and the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple). At rest, it lies at the level of the mandible in the front and the third cervical vertebra behind.
Unlike other bones, the hyoid is not directly connected to other bones. It is connected only to muscles and ligaments. The hyoid aids in tongue movement and swallowing. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.
Fracture and applied anatomy
Due to its position, the hyoid bone does not fracture easily. In a suspected case of murder, a fractured hyoid strongly indicates throttling or strangulation However, this is not the case in children and adolescents, because their hyoid bone is still flexible as ossification is yet to be completed.
Xavier Bosch i Sancho

Xavier Bosch i Sancho (born July 21, 1967 in Barcelona) is a Catalan writer and journalist. Bosch and Antoni Bassas created the program Alguna pregunta mes? at Catalunya Radio. He received an Ondas award for that program. He worked at La Vanguardia, TV3 and RAC 1 in sports. He was the director of the newspaper Avui from 2007 to 2008. In 2010, he founded a newspaper in Catalan, Diari Ara. He wrote a trilogy whose first book (Se sabra tot) received a Sant Jordi Award in 2009. His second and third novels were Homes d'honor (2012) and Euforia. His last novel, Algu com tu (Someone like you, 2015), is winner of the Ramon Llull 2015 award.
Works
Short stories
Jo, el simolses, Barcelona: La Magrana, 1992.
Estimat diari (with Lloll Bertran, Antoni Bassas), Barcelona: La Magrana, 1996.
Vicis domestics, Barcelona: La Magrana, 1998.
Novel
La magia dels reis, Barcelona: Columna - La Galera, 1994.
Se sabra tot, 2009.
Homes d'honor, Barcelona: Proa, 2012.
Euforia, 2014.
Algu com tu, 2014
Teatre
El culekule, Barcelona: La Magrana, 1996
Prizes
Premi Ondas 1997 for the humour program Alguna pregunta mes?
Premi Mundo Deportivo de periodisme 1999, for the program Aquest any, cent!.
Premio Premi APEI-Catalunya (in its sixth edition) for El mon a RAC 1.
Premi Radio Associacio de Catalunya 2007 in the category of the Best Radio Program for El mon a RAC 1.
Premi Sant Jordi for the novel Se sabra tot.
Premi Ramon Llull 2015 for the novel Algu com tu.
New Centre-Right

New Centre-Right (, NCD) is a political party in Italy.
History
It was created on 15 November 2013 by Angelino Alfano. It split from Silvio Berlusconi's The People of Freedom party.
Magic Sword: Heroic Fantasy

Magic Sword: Heroic Fantasy known in Japan as is a side-scrollling fantasy hack and slash video game developed and published by Capcom. Originally released on Arcade in June 23, 1990, later ports in SNES between 1991 to 1993. The game casts the hero who must fights his way trough a mystical tower, to save the world from madness. The player can use magic, sword, or axe, and player can also rescued/recruit potential allies of various character classes, each of wich has its own special abilities. Three years earlier, Capcom had released the similiar game titled Black Tiger.
Irish Wikipedia

The Irish Wikipedia (Irish: Vicipeid na Gaeilge) is the Irish-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in October 2003. As of July 2013, it has over 20,000 articles.
Descendents

Descendents are an American punk rock band formed in 1977 in Manhattan Beach, California.
Joachim Meisner

Joachim Meisner (25 December 1933 - 5 July 2017) was a German Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was born in Breslau, Germany (modern Wroclaw, Poland).
Meisner was the immediate past Archbishop of Cologne, serving from 1989 until his resignation was accepted by Pope Francis in 2014. He previously served as Bishop of Berlin from 1980 to 1989, and was created a cardinal in 1983. He was widely considered to be Germany's leading conservative Roman Catholic figure.
Meisner died on 5 July 2017 while vacationing in Bad Fussing in Bavaria of cardiac arrest, aged 83.
Alasdair Gray

Alasdair Gray (28 December 1934 - 29 December 2019) was a Scottish writer and artist. His first novel, Lanark, published in 1981, was written over almost 30 years. It was described by The Guardian as "one of the landmarks of 20th-century fiction."
Gray died at a hospital in Glasgow of pneumonia-related problems on 29 December 2019, a day after his 85th birthday.
Acqueville, Calvados

Acqueville is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cesny-les-Sources.
Joel Wachs

Joel Wachs (born March 1, 1939) is an American politician. He is the president of the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts in New York City.
He was for thirty years a member of the Los Angeles City Council from 1971 until 2002. He was president of the city council from 1981 until 1983. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania.
Wachs ran for Mayor of Los Angeles in 1999. He is openly gay.
Coconut crab

The coconut crab (Birgus latro) is a large edible land crab related to the hermit crab. Coconut crabs are found in the tropical parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Although they are named the Coconut crab, they don't eat coconuts that often. They mainly eat certain fruits and nuts. Coconut crabs can climb trees. Coconut crab meat has been considered a local delicacy. Coconut crabs are extremely high priced in the national food market. They can live up to 120 years.
Description
The coconut crab is the largest terrestrial arthropod, and indeed terrestrial invertebrate, in the world. There are different reports on its size: most sources give a body length up to , a weight up to , and a leg span more than . Males are generally larger than females. The carapace may reach a length of , and a width up to .
Like with other decapots, the body of the coconut crab is divided into a front section (cephalothorax), which has 10 legs, and an abdomen. The front-most pair of legs has large chelae (claws); the left claw is larger than the right. The next two pairs, as with other hermit crabs, are large, powerful walking legs with pointed tips. This allows coconut crabs to climb vertical or overhanging surfaces. The fourth pair of legs is smaller with tweezer-like chelae at the end: young coconut crabs use it to grip the inside of a shell or coconut husk to carry for protection, adults use this pair for walking and climbing. The last pair of legs is very small and is used by females to tend their eggs, and by the males in mating. This last pair of legs is usually held inside the carapace, in the cavity containing the breathing organs. Some difference in color occurs between the animals found on different islands, ranging from orange-red to purplish blue; in most regions, blue is the predominant color, but in some places, including the Seychelles, most individuals are red.
Although B. latro is a derived type of hermit crab, only the juveniles use salvaged snail shells to protect their soft abdomens, and adolescents sometimes use broken coconut shells for that purpose. Unlike other hermit crabs, the adult coconut crabs do not carry shells, but instead harden their abdominal terga by depositing chitin and chalk. Not being constrained by the physical confines of living in a shell allows this species to grow much larger than other hermit crabs in the family Coenobitidae. Like most true crabs, Blatro bends its tail underneath its body for protection. The hardened abdomen protects the coconut crab and reduces water loss on land, but must be shed yearly. Adults moult annually, and dig a burrow up to long in which to hide while vulnerable. It remains in the burrow for 3 to 16 weeks, depending on the size of the animal. After shedding, 1 to 3 weeks are needed for the exoskeleton to harden, depending on the animal's size, during which time the animal's body is soft and vulnerable, and it stays hidden for protection.
Livestock

Livestock are domestic animals that are kept by people. Their uses are for meat, milking, wool, leather, or labor. Taking care of livestock is animal husbandry. Some types of livestock are: cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and chickens. Chickens produce eggs; pigs produce meat; cattle, goats and sheep create milk, and sheep also create wool. Horses, cattle, camels, llamas, water buffalo, and other large animals do work for people, such as pulling wagons and other vehicles.
The breeding, keeping alive, and killing of livestock is called animal husbandry. Animal husbandry have been practiced by humans for a long time. There are different animal husbandry practices used by different cultures. It is an important part of the economy and culture of many countries.
Intensive animal farming, which is sometimes called "factory farming" is mostly used today. 99% of livestock in the US are now raised with intensive animal farming. Intensive animal farming increases the amount of things we can get from the livestock but it has also led to bad effects on animal welfare, the environment, and public health.
Etymology
Livestock as a word was first used between 1650 and 1660. Today, cattle means domesticated bovines, while livestock now means domesticated animals.
History
Animal husbandry started when humans stopped hunting and gathering and settled in farming communities. Animals are domesticated when the way they breed and live are controlled by humans. After a long time, the way they act and the way they look changes. Today, many farm animals cannot live in the wild.
The dog was domesticated in Europe and the Far East from about 15,000 years ago. Goats and sheep were domesticated between 11,000 and 5,000 years ago in Southwest Asia. Pigs were domesticated by 8,500 BC in the Near East and 6,000 BC in China. Domestication of the horse dates to around 4000 BC. Cattle have been domesticated since approximately 10,500 years ago. Chickens and other poultry may have been domesticated around 7000 BC.
Pacific Electric Railway

The Pacific Electric Railway Company was a private transportation system in Los Angeles, California. It started when Henry E. Huntington began building and buying streetcar railroads in and around Los Angeles to help people reach his properties.
Most of its lines carried people but there was also some freight. Pacific Electric also owned a mountain tourist attraction called the Mount Lowe Railway.
In the 1920s, with hundreds of miles of track, it was the largest system in the world. While Huntington lost money running Pacific Electric, he made money by selling the land it reached.
After Henry Huntington died and the land was all sold, the system started to break down and there was no money coming in to repair it. The city of Los Angeles decided it would be cheaper to move passengers with buses and close the whole system.
And so the last Pacific Electric train ran in 1961. The tracks were all ripped up and all of the old trains were either destroyed or sold to other countries.
Almost thirty years after the last train, with traffic becoming worse and buses becoming slower, the city remembered the old system. They decided to start rebuilding it because they realized trains do not slow down when there is a traffic jam.
Today, a small part of the old Pacific Electric rail network is now part of the new and growing Los Angeles Metro and people are riding trains again.
Kurdistan province

Kurdistan Province (, Ostan-e Kurdistan ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is Sanandaj.
Quino

Joaquin Salvador Lavado Tejon, better known by his pen name Quino (; 17 July 1932 - 30 September 2020), was an Argentine cartoonist. His comic strip Mafalda (which ran from 1964 to 1973) is popular in many parts of the Americas and Europe. He was born in Mendoza, Argentina.
Quino died on 30 September 2020 from a stroke in Mendoza, at the age of 88.
Otis, Massachusetts

Otis is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Villablino

Villablino (Vitsablinu, in Leonese language) is a municipality in the province of Leon, Castile and Leon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has 12,212 people.
Hema Bharali

Hema Bharali (19 February 1919 - 29 April 2020) was an Indian freedom activist, social worker, Sarvodaya leader and Gandhian. She was born in Assam, India. She was known for her works to the empowerment of women in India. The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2005. She was involved with the Padayatra in connection with the Bhoodan movement and was a founder member of the executive council of the Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB).
Bharali died on 29 April 2020 in Assam, aged 101.
New Haven, Vermont

New Haven is a town in Addison County, Vermont, United States.
Wells

Wells means:
Wells, Somerset, a cathedral city in Somerset, England
Well, a structure created in the ground
Wells may also refer to:
Places
Canada
Wells, British Columbia
United States
Wells, Maine
Wells, Minnesota
Wells, Vermont, a New England town
Other uses
Wells Cathedral, in Wells, Somerset
Wells Fargo, an American bank
California Love

"California Love" is a hip hop song by American rapper 2Pac. The song also features vocals from Dr. Dre and Roger Troutman. The song was Shakur's first single as an artist for Death Row Records and was also his comeback single after he was released from prison in 1995. A popular remixed version of the song was featured on the UK version of All Eyez on Me. California Love was nominated for a posthumous Grammy Award as a Best Rap Solo Performance and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group (with Dre and Troutman) in 1997.
The song was ranked #355 of the Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was ranked #51 on VH1's countdown of the 100 Greatest songs of the 90s.
Fremont, Ohio

Fremont is a city in and the county seat of Sandusky County, Ohio, United States. The population was 16,734 at the 2010 census. It was the home of Rutherford B. Hayes, who was President of the United States from 1877 to 1881.
Valdilana

Valdilana is a comune in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 from the former municipalities of Mosso, Valle Mosso, Soprana and Trivero.
Triangulum Australe

Triangulum Australe is a constellation in the southern sky.
Aldol reaction

The aldol reaction is a very important reaction in organic chemistry. It allows to form new carbon-carbon bonds. It was discovered in 1872.
The reagents are two carbonyl compounds together with a base. A proton is removed from one of them forming a negative charge on the a-carbon (the carbon just next to the C-O double bond). The negative charge can then attack the other carbonyl compound, forming the bond. The product is a b-hydroxy carbonyl compound, a molecule with a C-O double bond and an alcohol two carbon atoms down the chain. This reaction is very powerful because it can form a big molecule from two smaller ones.
Modern ways of doing the aldol reaction also allow to control the stereochemistry of the product. This is a very good way to create new chiral centres.
Pennacook

The Pennacook (or Pawtucket) were a Native American people in North America. They lived along the Merrimack River in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. They spoke an Algonquian language.
When the English colonists arrived, the Pennacook fled north with the Abenaki, or west with other tribes. Those that went west were hunted down and killed by colonists. Those that fled northward eventually merged with other displaced tribes from New England.
Saint Francis of Assisi (opera)

Saint Francois d'Assise is an opera in three acts and eight scenes. The music and libretto were written by Olivier Messiaen. The opera was written from 1975 to 1983. The first performance was given by the Paris Opera at the Palais Garnier on November 28, 1983.
Yacht charter

Yacht chartering is the renting a sailboat or motor yacht for sea traveling. This is a vacation activity, but it can be a corporate event.
There are two main kinds of the charter: bareboat and skippered. Bareboat charters are when a person is renting a boat and skippering it themselves. Skippered charter meaning that boat comes with a skipper but no additional crew.
Crewed charter means that the yacht is rented with a full crew. Usually the crew is based on the specific yacht. A captain, a chef, a decks hand and a hostess are a typical crew. In many destinations the crewed charter is taxed differently from a Skippered charter.