1723

Births
January 5 - Nicole-Reine Lepaute, French astronomer, mathematician (d. 1788)
January 11 - Prithvi Narayan Shah, First Monarch of Nepal (d. 1775)
January 12 - Samuel Langdon, American President of Harvard University (d. 1797)
January 31 - Petronella Johanna de Timmerman, Dutch poet, scientist (d. 1786)
February 15 - John Witherspoon, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1794)
February 17 - Tobias Mayer, German astronomer (d. 1761)
February 21 - Louis-Pierre Anquetil, French historian (d. 1808)
February 23 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (d. 1791)
March 22 - Charles Carroll, American lawyer, Continental Congressman (d. 1783)
March 25 - Catharina Mulder, Dutch organist (d. 1798)
March 31 - King Frederick V of Denmark (d. 1766)
April 5 - Catherine Charlotte De la Gardie, Swedish countess (d. 1763)
April 20 - Cornelius Harnett, American Continental Congressman (d. 1781)
April 30 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
June 3 - Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, Italian-born physician, naturalist (d. 1788)
June 11 - Johann Georg Palitzsch, German astronomer (d. 1788)
June 16 - (baptised) Adam Smith, Scottish economist, philosopher (d. 1790)
June 20
Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher, historian (d. 1816)
Theophilus Lindsey, English theologian (d. 1808)
July 1 - Pedro Rodriguez, Count of Campomanes, Spanish statesman, writer (d. 1802)
July 10 - William Blackstone, English jurist (d. 1780)
July 11 - Jean-Francois Marmontel, French historian, writer (d. 1799)
July 16 - Sir Joshua Reynolds, English painter (d. 1792)
September 11 - Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educational reformer (d. 1790)
October 4 - Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus, German entomologist (d. 1798)
October 11 - Hedvig Stromfelt, Swedish psalm writer (d. 1766)
November 8 - John Byron, English admiral (d. 1786)
November 30 - William Livingston, American politician, journalist (d. 1790)
December 22 - Carl Friedrich Abel, German composer (d. 1787)
December 26 - Friedrich Melchior, baron von Grimm, German writer (d. 1807)
Date unknown - Carl Albert von Lespilliez, German draftsman, architect and printmaker (d. 1796)
Eva Merthen, Finnish political activist (d. 1811)
Deaths
January 14 - Charles Henri, Prince of Commercy (b. 1649)
February 23 - Anne Henriette of Bavaria, Duchess of Guise (b. 1648)
February 25 - Sir Christopher Wren, English architect, astronomer, and mathematician (b. 1632)
February 26 - Thomas d'Urfey, English writer (b. 1653)
March 13 - Rene Auguste Constantin de Renneville, French writer (b. 1650)
March 15 - Johann Christian Gunther, German poet (b. 1695)
March 30 - Filippo Bonanni, Italian Jesuit scholar (b. 1638)
March 31 - Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon, British Governor of New York and New Jersey (b. 1661)
April 5 - Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, Austrian architect (b. 1656)
April 11 - John Robinson, English diplomat (b. 1650)
May 2 - Christopher of Baden-Durlach, German prince (b. 1684)
May 11 - Jean Galbert de Campistron, French dramatist (b. 1656)
May 12 - Johannes Voorhout, Dutch painter (b. 1647)
May 29 - Jean de La Chapelle, French writer and dramatist (b. 1651)
June 4 - Leopold Clement, Hereditary Prince of Lorraine, French prince (b. 1707)
June 8 - Isaac Chayyim Cantarini, Italian rabbi (b. 1644)
June 14 - Richard Newport, 2nd Earl of Bradford, English politician (b. 1644)
July 14 - Claude Fleury, French historian (b. 1640)
July 26 - Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (b. 1660)
July 28 - Mariana Alcoforado, Portuguese nun (b. 1640)
August 4 - William Fleetwood, Anglican bishop (b. 1656)
August 10 - Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal, statesman (b. 1656)
August 14 - Edward Northey (barrister), British barrister and politician (b. 1652)
August 17 - Joseph Bingham, English scholar (b. 1668)
August 21 - Dimitrie Cantemir, Moldavian linguist and scholar (b. 1673)
August 23 - Increase Mather, American Puritan minister (b. 1639)
August 26 - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch scientist (b. 1632)
September 19 - Robert Sutton, 2nd Baron Lexinton, English diplomat (b. 1662)
October 1 - Frederic Maurice Casimir de La Tour d'Auvergne, French prince (b. 1702)
October 10 - William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper, Lord Chancellor of England (b. c. 1665)
October 13 - Praskovia Saltykova, Russian tsarina (b. 1664)
October 19 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born artist (b. 1646)
October 28 - Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard, English politician and peer (b. 1653)
October 31 - Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1642)
November 19 - Antoine Nompar de Caumont, French courtier and statesman (b. 1632)
December 1 - Susanna Centlivre, English dramatist, actress (b. 1669)
December 2 - Philippe II, Duke of Orleans, regent of France (b. 1674)
December 7 - Jan Santini Aichel, Czech architect (b. 1677)
December 20 - Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, German physician, botanist (b. 1652)