kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Harriet Jacobs

Harriet Jacobs (1813 or 1815 - March 7, 1897) was an African American in the 19th century. She was born as a slave in North Carolina, but learned to read and escaped to the North in the 1842.
When she was still a girl, her master wanted to start a sexual relationship with her. She refused and entered into a relationship with Samuel Tredwell Sawyer. Sawyer was a lawyer and had some power to protect her. He became the father of her two children, Joseph and Louisa Matilda. Still, the law gave a master absolute power over a slave. Jacobs's master wanted to sell her children away from her. In 1835, she decided to hide in a small room in her grandmother's house. That room was so small that she could not stand up. She had to stay there for seven years. Because she could neither stand nor walk, she was suffering from leg problems for many years afterwards. In 1842, she was finally able to escape to Philadelphia by boat. From Philadelphia, she went to New York where she found work as a nanny for the children of Nathaniel Parker Willis. Also her brother John S. Jacobs and her children were able to escape from slavery.
While she was still working as nanny for the Willis children during the day, at night she wrote down her experiences. In January 1861, her experiences were finally published as a book called Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl, written by herself. After the American Civil War had started in April 1861, she went to Alexandria, Virginia. There she helped black people who had just escaped from slavery. She spent her last years in Washington, D.C. where she lived together with her daughter.
After the Civil War, the slaves were set free. The people of the United States lost interest in slavery and forgot Jacobs and her book. But in the second half of the 20th century, people began to show new interest in the history of slavery. Professor Jean Fagan Yellin did a lot of research work and wrote the book Harriet Jacobs. A Life. The Remarkable Adventures of the Woman who Wrote Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Today, people call Jacobs's book an "American classic", meaning that it is one of the most important books written in the United States of America.
Dan Fante

Daniel Smart "Dan" Fante (February 19, 1944 - November 23, 2015) was an American author and playwright. He was born in Los Angeles, California to a family of Italian immigrants.
He was known for his plays Chump Change, Mooch, 86'd and Spitting Off Tall Buildings. His father was writer John Fante. He was also the author of A Gin-Pissing-Raw-Meat-Dual-Carburetor-V8-Son-Of-A-Bitch From Los Angeles, a volume of poetry on Wrecking Ball Press.
Fante died of cancer in Los Angeles, aged 71.
Stop error screen

A Stop error screen, also called as a Blue screen of death is a screen that a device shows when it has an error it cannot fix and has to stop. These screens are usually called screens of death because the device cannot recover from the error and the operating system or firmware has to close.
The screens are usually color-coded such as a Microsoft Windows computer showing a Black Screen of Death (BSoD) or an Xbox showing a green screen of death when they have errors.
History
If its settings tell it to, the computer will do a "core dump" and save data to a disk file, or "dump file", for later, to help an expert fix the problem.
These screens are usually caused by problems in device drivers. They can also be caused by hardware errors, such as bad RAM or power supplies, overheating of the inside of the system, or hardware which is run at higher rates than the limits. This is called overclocking.
These errors were in all the Windows operating systems since Windows 3.1.
Windows 1.0 and 2.0
The first BSODs were seen when starting Windows 1.0 and Windows 2.0, and had random data, mess, shown with a blue screen, hence the name.
Windows 3.x, 95, 98, and ME
The first BSOD that looked like an error was in Windows 3.1. BSODs like that appeared in Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows ME. These showed an error message with an all-blue screen. The error screen was shown when there was a startup error, or when there was some other error such as an error occurring in a hardware driver file.
When Bill Gates was showing Windows 98 to the public, a BSOD happened. The computer crashed when his assistant, Chris Capossela, connected a scanner to show that Windows 98 could support Plug and Play. Bill Gates responded: "That must be... er... that must be why we're not shipping Windows 98 yet!"
Windows NT family
Beginning with Windows 2000, the BSOD remained an all-blue color, but changed to show more detailed technical information, and also listed a few steps that the user could do to fix the problem causing the BSOD to appear. The same screen was used in Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.
Windows 8
Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 uses a lighter blue color for the BSOD, and made the message easier to read. It even added an emoticon of a frowing face. The technical details was replaced with a simple line of text showing the name of the crash error so that the user could look it up on the Internet.
Windows 11
Windows 11 has a black screen of death instead of blue.
Dipsacus fullonum

Fuller's Teasel (Dipsacus fullonum) is a species of plant. It is also known as Wild Teasel. It belongs in the teasel family (Dipsacaceae).
It is native to Eurasia and Africa, and has been naturalized in the Americas, southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. This species grows to a height of 2-10 feet. The flowers are small and lavender-colored. They are arranged in an oval flower-head, which also contains many small leaves. These are hard and have a hooked and pointed tip.
In ancient times, this plant was grown in gardens because its dry flower-heads were used to prepare wool for spinning. This was done by combing the raw wool with the flower-heads, so that the fibres were arranged neatly. The people who prepared wool were called "fullers", which is the origin of the plant's English and scientific names. Fuller's Teasel was also used in folk medicine, for example against skin infections.
Bhutanese animation

Bhutanese animation is animation from Bhutan. It is mostly used to make people aware of relevant social issues, economical issues and political issues or to promote Bhutanese culture. Bhutanese animators and clients believe using animation for public awareness is more effective than brochures and pamphlets. For example, Ap Naka was made to tell people about earthquakes.
The Bhutanese animation industry is quite new. Pema Tshering D made the first Bhutanese 3D-animated film, which came out in 2001. His first animation was of a beetle dancing, and his first public awareness animation is Oye Penjor, which is about AIDS. It took about three months to make, was the first Bhutanese 3D animation, and was made with Druk Vision Studio, which he owns. In 2005, KLK anImagine and Druk Vision Studio, which are major animation studios in Bhutan, were started. KLK anImagine is owned by Kinga Sithup. The first Bhutanese 2D animation is an awareness campaign about rubella that was made by KLK anImagine. It is common for Bhutanese animators to split 10 frames into 25 frames or to animate in 24 frames per second. By 2008, Druk Vision Studio had made about 7 animated films, and KLK anImagine had made about 20 animated films.
The first Bhutanese full-length 3D-animated film is Ap Bokto, which first came out in September 2014. Ap Bokto was made by Athang Animation Studio, which was started in 2010.
Lumen (unit)

The lumen (symbol: lm) is the SI derived unit for brightness. It is defined as 1 candela times 1 steradian.
One lumen is about a twelfth the brightness of a candle, so a candle has a brightness of around 12 lumens.
2020 Ghanaian general election

General elections were held in Ghana on 7 December 2020. Incumbent President Nana Akufo-Addo of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) was re-elected in the first round after winning a majority of the votes.
Lapalisse

Lapalisse is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
Anantnag District

Anantnag () is a district in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in northwestern India. It is one of six districts which make up the Kashmir Valley. The district headquarters is Anantnag.
Froilan Tenorio

Froilan Cruz Tenorio (September 9, 1939 - May 4, 2020) was a Northern Mariana Islands politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. From 1984 to 1990, he was a Resident U.S. Representative. He was the 4th Governor of Northern Mariana Islands from 1994 to 1998.
Tenorio died on May 4, 2020 in Fort Worth, Texas at the age of 80.
Union of Azerbaijani Writers

The Union of Azerbaijani Writers () is the largest public organization of Azerbaijani writers, poets and publicists. It has over 1500 members at present. It was founded on June 13, 1934. At this time Azerbaijan was a part of the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.
It is currently chaired by the writer Anar since 1987. He is the son of writer Rasul Rza. Rza was the chairman between 1938-1939.
Zaessingue

Zaessingue is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department in eastern France.
Boca Juniors

Club Atletico Boca Juniors () is professional football club in La Boca, a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They play their home games at La Bombonera.
Boca Juniors and River Plate have an intense rivalry, and matches between them are sometimes very heated. Matches between them are known as the Superclasico, and both teams are from Buenos Aires.
Old World vulture

Old World vultures belong to the family Accipitridae. This family also includes eagles, buzzards, kites, and hawks.
Old World vultures are not closely related to New World vultures and condors. They do not share that group's good sense of smell.
Both Old World and New World vultures are scavenging birds. They feed mostly from carcasses of dead animals. Old World vultures find carcasses only by sight. Many vultures have a bald head, with no feathers or short down feathers. Because of how a vulture eats, their head is spattered with blood and other fluids. They are able to keep clean by not having long feathers on their head.
There are two groups of Old World vultures. The first group has the Egyptian vulture, bearded vulture, and palm-nut vulture. Some scientists put this group into a separate subfamily called "Gypaetinae", which means "eagle-vultures". It is related to the group of bazas, honey-buzzards and cuckoo-hawks, which are much smaller birds. The second group has all the other species. It is related to the booted eagles, which is a group of eagles that have feathers on their legs down to their toes.
The palm-nut vulture is unusual, because it feeds mainly on the fruit of the oil palm.
Aaron Brown

Aaron Brown (born November 10, 1948) is an American broadcast journalist. He anchored Newsnight with Aaron Brown, CNN's main newscast. He is noted for his reporting of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center. Previously he worked at ABC News as a weekend news anchor. He was a local television reporter in Seattle prior to this. Brown is now a professor of journalism at Arizona State University.
Katherine B. Hoffman

Katherine "Kitty" Marie Blood Hoffman (August 1, 1914 - July 18, 2020) was an American chemist and academic administrator. When she retired from Florida State University, the chemistry department named a laboratory building in her honor. It was dedicated to her again in 2018. Hoffman was awarded an honorary doctorate by Florida State University in 2007.
Hoffman died in Tallahassee Memorial HealthCare on July 18, 2020, aged 105 of COVID-19.
Administrative divisions of Mexico

The United Mexican States () is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities () (31 states and 1 federal district).
According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, but the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress and government. The territory of the Federal District, commonly known as Mexico City, serves as the national capital.
Divisions of Mexico
Federal district
States
Notes:
Joined the federation with the name of Coahuila y Texas.
Joined the federation with the name of Estado de Occidente also recognized as Sonora y Sinaloa.
Joined the federation as Republica Federada de Yucatan () formed by the current states of Yucatan, Campeche and Quintana Roo. Became independent in 1841 constituting the second Republic of Yucatan and definitely rejoined in 1848.
States of Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas and Coahuila became independent de facto in 1840 to form the Republica del Rio Grande (); never consolidated its independence because independent forces were defeated by the centralist forces.
State of Tabasco seceded from Mexico on two occasions, the first on February 13, 1841, rejoining again on December 2, 1842. And the second time was from November 9, 1846 to December 8 of that year.
2PM

2PM is a 6-member K-pop group formed under JYP Entertainment as the counterpart to 2AM. The group debuted in 2008 with the song, "10 out of 10." After two singles, member Jay Park left the group due to growing controversy over his opinions on the 2PM fans. The members began their military service in 2017.
Discography
Korean albums
01:59PM (2009)
Hands Up (2011)
Grown (2013)
Go Crazy (2014)
No.5 (2015)
Gentlemen's Game (2016)
Japanese albums
Republic of 2PM (2011)
Legend of 2PM (2013)
Genesis of 2PM (2014)
2PM of 2PM (2015)
Galaxy of 2PM (2016)
K-pop music groups
Lost Boys (novel)

Lost Boys (1992) is the first horror novel written by Orson Scott Card.
242

Year 242 (CCXLII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
Emperor Gordian III begins fighting against King Shapur I. The Greek philosopher Plotinus joins him and hopes to get first-hand knowledge of Persian and Indian philosophies.
Gordian III leaves the Cimmerian cities in the Bosphorus (Crimea), as the land is now controlled by the Goths.
Persia
Shapur I makes an attack on Antioch to drive out the Romans.
By topic
Religion
Patriarch Titus succeeds Patriarch Eugenius I as Patriarch of Constantinople.
Kansas City Spurs

The Kansas City Spurs were a soccer club which played in United States from 1968 until 1970.
The Misadventures of Merlin Jones

The Misadventures of Merlin Jones is a 1964 Disney movie starring Tommy Kirk, Leon Ames, and Annette Funicello. It is a family-oriented comedy about a high school boy who experiments with hypnosis and creates a mind-reading machine. It was directed by Robert Stevenson.
This movie was the next to last Disney movie for both Kirk and Funicello. They would make The Monkey's Uncle for Disney in 1965 then sign with American International Pictures for their teen "beach party" movies.
Nanobot

Nanorobots, or nanobots for short, are a hypothetical type of robots. Their parts are about as big as a nanometer (0,0000000001 or 10-9 meters).
Use
Nanobots could be useful in branches like medicine. They could do a diagnosis and targeted drug-delivery for cancer.
Stratford, New Hampshire

Stratford is a town in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States.
Kostas Kazakos

Kostas Kazakos (, alt. sp. Costas Kazakos; 29 May 1935 - 13 September 2022) was a Greek actor, television director, and politician. He was in the Greek parliament 2007 to 2012. He was in the Communist Party. His acted in Enas delikanis (1963), Act of Reprisal (1964), Bullets don't come back (1967), Iphigenia (1977) and The Man with the Carnation (1980). He was born in Pyrgos, Greece.
Kazakos died on 13 September 2022 from respiratory failure after a long-respiratory illness at a hospital in Athens, Greece. He was 87 years old.
Virtue signalling

Virtue signalling is when a person shows anger to make themselves look good to others. Usually, this means the person says that they don't like or don't approve of something. For example, a person might talk about political ideas that they know the other people around them agree with.
Psychologists Jillian Jordan and David Rand say that even when people feel true anger, they still show it in ways that they think will make them look good to other people. They even do this when they are alone.
According to the Boston Globe, the word "virtue signalling" was used as early as 2004 and became popular in 2015.
Étude

An etude (said "ay-TOOD"; French for study) is a short piece of music written to help the player to become a better player. They are usually quite difficult. Sometimes they are just called "studies". Composers such as the pianist Carl Czerny and the violinist Otakar Sevcik wrote lots of etudes. Each one concentrates on a technical problem: fast scale passages, arpeggios, wide leaps, chords or, for string players, different ways of bowing.
The tradition of writing etudes started in the early 19th century, when the piano started to become popular. Many of the etudes from that time are still very popular today, including those by Muzio Clementi.
Frederic Chopin wrote two sets of etudes for piano. Franz Liszt also wrote some very difficult etudes, including the piece known as La Campanella. These two composers' etudes are known for being not only good for developing piano technique but are also beautiful to hear. Because of this, they are often performed in concerts and recorded onto CDs.
Eugène Terre'Blanche

Eugene Ney Terre'Blanche (January 31, 1941 - April 3, 2010) was a Boer-Afrikaner who founded the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB). He was born in Ventersdorp, South Africa. During the apartheid regime, and afterwards, he fought for Afrikaner separatism. He had convictions for illegally possessing weapons, assault and attempted murder. He was murdered in Ventersdorp at age 69 by two black males in 2010 while he was taking a nap. He left behind a widow named Martie and a daughter Bea.
Other South African politicians, whites and blacks, have reacted to the killings in shock. Black politicians have send their condolences to the family of Terre'Blanche. The murder resulted in racial tensions, but the AWB asked its members not to use violence and stay calm.
The murderers of Terre'Blanche said they worked for him on his farm. They claimed he could not pay them and so they killed him and took his money. They hit him with machetes, knobkiris and iron pipes, and pulled down his trousers.
Joe Messina

Joe Messina (December 13, 1928 - April 4, 2022) was an American guitarist. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was called the "white brother with soul". Messina was one of the most famous guitarists in Motown Records' in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers. He is known for being a member of The Funk Brothers.
Messina was the creator of an alternative music technique known as The Interval Study Method, which uses the chromatic and diatonic scales to create music.
Messina worked with performers such as Diana Ross & the Supremes, The Temptations, Marvin Gaye, The Four Tops, Stevie Wonder, and Smokey Robinson & the Miracles. Among Messina's most notable performances are his turns on hits such as "Dancing in the Street" (Martha & the Vandellas, 1964), "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch)" (Four Tops, 1965), and "Your Precious Love" (Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell, 1967).
Messina died on April 4, 2022 at his son's home in Northville, Michigan at the age of 93.
San Diego Zoo

The San Diego Zoo is a zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California. It is one of the largest zoos in the world with over 4,000 animals of more than 800 species. It is also one of the few zoos in the world that houses the giant panda. It is one of the few places in Southern California to feature an arctic landscape.
Joan Smalls

Joan Smalls Rodriguez (born July 11, 1988) is a Puerto Rican model and actress. In 2011, she became the first Latina model to represent Estee Lauder cosmetics.
Christophe Beck

Jean-Christophe Beck (born November 30, 1972) is an Emmy Award-winning Canadian television and film score composer and conductor.
Beck won an Emmy Award in 1998 for his work on the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
His movie works include The Hangover, The Muppets (2011), Frozen, Marvel's Ant-Man movies, and Frozen II.
Influences
Beck stated composers like Jerry Goldsmith, Howard Shore, Alan Menken, Buddy Baker, David Newman, Mychael Danna, Bruce Broughton, John Debney, Elmer Bernstein, Henry Mancini, Harry Gregson-Williams, John Barry, Lalo Schifrin, James Newton Howard, Joe Hisaishi, Alexandre Desplat, Maurice Jarre, Hans Zimmer, John Powell, Leonard Bernstein, Rolfe Kent, John Williams, Kevin Kiner, Max Steiner, Angelo Badalamenti, Joel McNeely, Randy Newman, Alan Silvestri and James Horner as influences.
Turkish Armenian Reconciliation Commission

The Turkish Armenian Reconciliation Commission was made in 2001 to help Turkey and Armenia be closer. The main goal was to make the governments more active.
The Natural Bears Classification System

The Natural Bears Classification System (NBCS) is a set of symbols using letters, numbers, and other characters commonly found on modern, Western computer keyboards. It is used by gay and bisexual men who self-identify as "bears". These codes are used in email, Usenet, and Internet forum postings to identify the physical type and preferences of the poster. The code was developed by Bob Donahue and Jeff Stoner. The NBCS is also called the "bear code".
An example of the bear code is "B4 s- m g++ w d+c t+ f+ k+ r e+(+?)". The translation (in no particular order) is: "Reasonably thick beard, cub tendencies, definite Daddy, (endowment) gets attention, above average fur, loves groping/pawing/touching, (Kinkiness) loves most things, (Muscle) some definition/Blue collar, spends some time outdoors, (sex) plays under special circumstances, tall, bear with a tummy".
Original Six

The Original Six is a well-known term for the group of six teams that composed the National Hockey League (NHL) for the 25 seasons between the 1942-43 NHL season and the 1967 NHL Expansion.
Adriana Sivieri

Adriana Sivieri (born 21 June 1918) is a retired Argentine-born Italian movie actress.
Biography
She also worked in radio and as a voice actor, dubbing foreign movies for release in Italy. She was known for her roles in Vanity (1947), Bitter Rice (1949) and in At the Edge of the City (1953).
Sivieri was born in Buenos Aires.
Mohammad Hatta

Mohammad Hatta (;12 August 1902 - 14 March 1980) was Indonesia's first Vice President of Indonesia, later also being the country's Prime Minister. He fought for the independence of Indonesia from the Dutch.
Hatta died on 14 March 1980 in Jakarta and was buried in Jakarta's Tanah Kusir public cemetery.
Patrick Murphy (Irish Politician)

Patrick Stephen Murphy (13 May 1889 - 1 May 1968) was an Irish politician. He was first elected to the lower house of the parliament of Ireland (Dail Eireann) in 1932. He was a member of the Fianna Fail political party. He was the member of parliament (Teachta Dala or TD) for the Cork East constituency.
Montfermeil

Montfermeil is a commune. It is found in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in France.
Sars-et-Rosières

Sars-et-Rosieres is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 608 people lived there. The Chateau du Loir was built in the 15th century.
Southeast

Southeast or south east is the direction halfway between south and east. It the opposite of northwest.
Elias John Kwandikwa

Elias John Kwandikwa (1 July 1966 - 2 August 2021) was a Tanzanian politician. He was a member of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi. From 2015 until his death, Kwandikwa was a member of the National Assembly. He was also Minister of Defence from 2020 until 2021. Kwandikwa was born in Kahama, Tanzania.
Kwandikwa died on 2 August 2021 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania at the age of 55.
Uxmal

Uxmal is a large pre-Columbian city. The ruins are in Mexico today, in the state of Yucatan. According to the records of the Maya, the city was built around the year 500 AD. According to current research, about 25.000 people lived there. Most of the buildings that can be seen today were built between 700 and 1100. After 1200, there seems to be no new construction. The ruling family moved their capital elsewhere, and the population of the city declined.
According to the documents of the Spanish conquerors, the city still had some importance in the 1550s. It was probably abandoned soon afterwards, as the Spanish built no city nearby.
Bécordel-Bécourt

Becordel-Becourt is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Kleinrinderfeld

Kleinrinderfeld is a municipality within Wurzburg, Bavaria, Germany.
Ivanna (movie)

Ivanna () is a 1959 Soviet drama movie directed by Viktor Ivchenko. It stars Inna Burduchenko, Anatoly Motornyi, and Dana Kruk.
Keiji Fujiwara

was a Japanese voice actor. His best known works were Shinnosuke's father Hiroshi Nohara in the long-running anime series Crayon Shin-chan, Maes Hughes in Fullmetal Alchemist, Holland in Eureka Seven, Axel in Kingdom Hearts, Leorio
in Hunter x Hunter, Shiro Fujimoto in Ao no Exorcist and Esidisi in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Battle Tendency.
In the live action, he was mostly known for dubbing actor Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man/Tony Stark.
Fujiwara died, aged 55 of cancer on April 12, 2020.
Anoxia

Anoxia or hypoxemia is a low level of oxygen in the blood. The word "anoxic" used in biology to refer to habitats with little or no oxygen.
Anoxic events occur when an area of ocean loses most of its oxygen below the surface layers.
Dryden, Michigan

Dryden is a village in Lapeer County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 951 at the 2010 census. The village is located within Dryden Township.
Iranian studies

Iranian studies ( ), also called to as Iranology and Iranistics, is the study of the civilization, history, literature, art and culture of Iranian peoples. It is a part of of Oriental studies.
In Iranology, there is also Persian studies. In Persian studies, one only studies the Persian language and literature. Iranology also studies the history of individual types of Iranian peoples, such as Azeris, Kurds, Lurs, Gilakis, Talysh, Tajiks, Pashtuns, Ossetians, Baluchis, Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Parthians, Sogdians, Bactrians, Khwarazmians, and Mazandaranis.
Larry Rivers

Larry Rivers (born Yitzroch Loiza Grossberg) (1923 - 2002) was an American artist, musician, and filmmaker.
Yitzroch Loiza Grossberg was born in the Bronx, New York. He changed his name to Larry Rivers in 1940 when he started his professional jazz career. He played the saxophone. After being in the U.S. Army Air Corps from 1942-43, he studied music at the Juilliard School of Music. There he met jazz musicians Miles Davis and Charlie Parker.
Rivers started painting in 1945 after he saw a show of Cubist paintings. He studied painting with Hans Hoffman, who made abstract expressionist paintings. In 1949 he had his first art show, and he became friends with the poets John Ashbery and Kenneth Koch. The next year he met poet Frank O'Hara. They began to work together on art and poems. They wrote many letters to each other until O'Hara died in 1966.
Rivers is connected to the Pop Art movement. Sometimes he used ordinary things in his paintings like a cigar box or the menu from a bar. One very large work, History of the Russian Revolution: From Marx to Mayakovsky used not just paint but actual things he found and attached to the canvas.
Rivers died of liver cancer in 2002 at his home in Southampton, New York.
Lila Downs

Lila Downs (September 9, 1968 in Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, Mexico) is a Mexican/American singer-songwriter. She performs her own compositions as well as Mexican traditional and popular music. She also incorporates indigenous Mexican influences and have recorded songs in indigenous languages such as Mixtec, Zapotec, Maya, Nahuatl and P'urhepecha. Her albums are One Blood, Shake Away, and Sins and Miracles has won various Grammys and World Music Awards.
Early life
Downs is the daughter of Mixtec cabaret singer Anita Sanchez and Allen Downs, a Scottish/English-American professor of art and cinematographer from Minnesota. She learned to sing at the age of four. She began to perform rancheras songs when she was 10 years old. Lila grew up partly in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, partly in the U.S. state of California as a teenager. She was 15 when she went to Performing Arts Institute of Oaxaca, where she studied music. She lived in Minnesota as an adult. She graduated from the University of Minnesota in voice and anthropology.
Career
She later returned to Mexico where she learned to weave. Later, she began singing in the club scenes of Oaxaca and Philadelphia along with Paul Cohen, an American-born saxophonist. They began collaborating on songs that would slowly evolve into Downs' subsequent recordings. Cohen became both Downs' husband and her artistic director.
In recent years, Downs and her band have toured widely in Mexico, South America, the US and Europe. She was also heard in the soundtrack to the movie Frida in a song, "Burn it Blue", that was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song and that she performed at the 75th Academy Awards. Other songs that she performed on the soundtrack are "Benediction and Dream", "Estrella Oscura", and "La Llorona". Other movies in which her songs are featured include Maria Ripoll's 2001 Tortilla Soup, Patricia Cardoso's 2002 Real Women Have Curves and Carlos Saura's 2007 Fados. She was also invited to the Twelve Girls Band's concert in Shanghai, where she sang in French and English. Downs is currently based in Coyoacan, a borough of Mexico City.
On September 2, 2008, Lila Downs released Shake Away, her latest album of new material as well as featuring a few cover songs, including "I Envy The Wind" by Lucinda Williams and "I Would Never" by The Blue Nile. Downs also collaborated with artists like La Mari from Chambao and Enrique Bunbury from Heroes del Silencio. In 2010 she appeared on The Chieftains' album San Patricio.
Sins and Miracles is the most recent album by Lila Downs. It was released in 2011. It reached the top of the charts in Mexico, Germany, Argentina, Colombia, Spain and the United States. It also reached the top ten in other major markets. Downs did a tour for the album called the "Pecados y Milagros World Tour". The singles on Sins and Miracles are: "Palomo del Comalito", "Zapata se Queda" and "Mezcalito". The album and its singles received one Grammy Award. The main music genres which make up the album are pop, folk and ska. She has a contralto vocal range.
Ron Murphy

Robert Ronald "Ron" Murphy (April 10, 1933 - March 6, 2014) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. he played for the New York Rangers, Chicago Black Hawks, Detroit Red Wings and Boston Bruins over the course of an 889-game National Hockey League (NHL) career. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario.
Murphy died on March 6, 2014 at the age of 80.
Emergency medical services

Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are agencies that deal with medical emergencies, mostly by sending ambulances to help people who are severely ill or injured. Their job is to treat those people at the scene and to take them to a hospital if needed. The staff of the ambulances are known most often as paramedics. Some ambulances have staff with more basic training, known as "emergency medical technicians", while others have doctors with advanced training.
The exact role of the emergency medical services varies by country. In some countries like the US and UK, their job is seen as bringing the patients to treatment. Until the 1970s, their ambulances carried patients to hospital and gave them little medical care. Since then, paramedics have been trained to give some medical care before they get to hospital. Other countries like France and Germany run them in a different way, where their job is seen as bringing treatment to the patients. In those countries, doctors work on ambulances and they try to treat patients at the scene rather than take them to hospital.
Sachin (princely state)

The Sachin State (; ) was a princely state in India during the British Raj. The ruler of Sachin held the title of Nawab.
Almost You

Almost You is a 1985 American romantic comedy movie directed by Adam Brooks and starring Brooke Adams, Griffin Dunne, Karen Young. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
D12

D12 (also known as The Dirty Dozen) was an American hip hop collective. They were formed in 1996 by Eminem, Proof, Bizarre, D Ratt, B-Flat, Mr. Porter, and Eye Kyu in Detroit, Michigan.
The band gained significant notoriety thanks to Eminem's international success. Taking advantage of this success, they have managed to rank their albums at the top of sales in many countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom. Their best known singles were "Fight Music", "Purple Pills", "My Band", "Shit on You", and "How Come". Since 2006 after the death of Proof, the group has remained almost inactive because of Eminem's drug problems. It led to its withdrawal from the music scene for more than three years and the departure of Mr. Porter and Bizarre in 2012. However, the group reformed several times in 2014, only for Eminem to announce their breakup on "Stepping Stone" from Kamikaze. However, as Bizarre, Kuniva and Swifty had been recording and touring under the name D12 as a trio for several years prior to Eminem's announcement and have continued to do so since, this announcement is more accurately read as Eminem's official retirement from the group after a decade of token involvement.
Elisha Levy

Elisha Levy (; born on 18 November 1957 in Jerusalem) is a former professional football player.
Player
Levy played in Hapoel Hapoel Beit Sha'an youth team from 1968 to 1974.
After playing in Hapoel Beit Sha'an youth team, Elisha Levy was playing for Hapoel Beit Sha'an from 1974 to 1982. For 1 year, 1982-1983, Elisha Levy was played for Maccabi Haifa. In 1983-1987, Levy played in Maccabi Petah Tikva Elisha Levy was playing for Hapoel Beit Sha'an at 1987-1989.
Elisha Levy was retired from football after two years in Hapoel Beit Sha'an.
Manager
Levy managed teams for 20 years. Currently, Elisha Levy manages Maccabi Haifa.
Antimicrobial

An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth. Antimicrobial medicines can be grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily against. For example, antibiotics are used against bacteria, and antifungals are used against fungi. They can also be classified according to their function. Agents that kill microbes are microbicidal, while those that merely stop their growth are called biostatic. The use of antimicrobial medicines to treat infection is known as antimicrobial chemotherapy, while the use of antimicrobial medicines to prevent infection is called antimicrobial prophylaxis.
The main types of antimicrobial agents are disinfectants (such as bleach), which kill a wide range of microbes on non-living surfaces to prevent the spread of illness, antiseptics (which are applied to living tissue and help reduce infection during surgery), and antibiotics (which kill microorganisms within the body). The term "antibiotic" originally described only those creations that came from living microorganisms but is now also applied to synthetic agents, such as sulfonamides or fluoroquinolones. The term also used to be only applied to antibacterials, but its meaning has widened to include all antimicrobials. Antibacterial agents can be further grouped into bactericidal agents, which kill bacteria, and bacteriostatic agents, which slow down or stall bacterial growth. In response, further advancements in antimicrobial technologies have resulted in solutions that can go past simply stopping germ growth. Instead, certain types of porous media have been made to kill microbes on contact.
Kesmat Wkhayen

Kesmat Wkhayen () is a Tunisian drama television sitcom, in Tunisian Arabic, directed by Sami Fehri based on a script by Rafika Boujday. It is broadcast on El Hiwar El Tounsi channel during the month of Ramadan 2019 in Tunisia.
Synopsis
After their father died, Toutou is trying to con his half brother Hafnaoui out of his legal rights to heritage.
John Large

John Harold Large (1943 - 3 November 2018) was an English consulting Chartered Engineer primarily. He was known for his work in assessing and reporting nuclear safety and nuclear related accidents and incidents, work which has often featured in the media.
He provided technical evidence in the Friends of the Earth legal action over the failure of the steam generators of the Southern California San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in 2013.
Large died on 3 November 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 75.
Haskell, Oklahoma

Haskell is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
Taro

Taro is a plant used as a vegetable. People eat its stem (corm) and its leaves. It is grown by people in Oceania. It is one of the earliest plants that people grew. It is poisonous when raw, but is safe to eat if it is cooked.
Mittelsachsen

The rural district Mittelsachsen is a district in Saxony, Germany. It was founded in August, 2008. Mittelsachsen is made up of the former rural districts Freiberg, Dobeln and Mittweida.
Burke, Vermont

Burke is a town in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States.
Battle of Perryville

The Battle of Perryville was a battle of the American Civil War. It was fought on October 8, 1862. Neither side won the battle.
Sia

Sia Kate Isobelle Furler (born 18 December 1975) (known mononymously as Sia) is an Australian singer. She was born and raised in Adelaide. She is known for the songs "Clap Your Hands", "Wild Ones" with Flo Rida, "Titanium" with French DJ David Guetta, "Chandelier", and "Cheap Thrills". The last three of these songs managed to reach the top ten worldwide.
Album release
Sia's fifth album We Are Born was released in 2010. Her album 1000 Forms of Fear was released in 2014. It entered on the Billboard 200 albums chart at number one. It was her first number-one album in the U.S. 1000 Forms of Fear featured the Grammy-nominated top-ten single "Chandelier", along with "Elastic Heart".
Sia released her album This Is Acting in January 2016. The track features the singles "Alive" (which was written with Adele, who turned down releasing the song) and "Cheap Thrills". A remix of "Cheap Thrills" features the Jamaican reggae recording artist Sean Paul. This version of the song reached number one in the US and Canada, number two in the UK, and the top ten in Australia. It was nominated for a 2017 Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance. It lost to "Stressed Out" by Twenty One Pilots. This Is Acting was re-released as a deluxe edition in late 2016. It includes the Sean Paul remix of "Cheap Thrills" and a version of the song "The Greatest" featuring rapper Kendrick Lamar, which reached the top 20 in the US. In 2017, she released the album Everyday is Christmas
Personal life
Sia is bisexual. She married Erik Anders Lang in August 2014. They announced their splitting in late 2016. In 2020, Sia revealed that she had adopted two boys who had grown out of the foster care system.
She has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
Sia is a vegetarian.
Public image
When she became a celebrity, Sia was uncomfortable with being famous. She is well-known for hiding her face during performances and music videos.
Works
Sia co-wrote "Diamonds" for Rihanna's album Unapologetic (2012), which topped charts worldwide. She co-wrote "Pretty Hurts", the first song on Beyonce's fifth album Beyonce (2013) with Knowles and producer Ammo.
In 2018, Sia voiced Ms. Tiggy-Winkle in the animation movie Peter Rabbit.
She released Music, a musical film which she co-wrote and directed, in 2021. She wrote ten songs for its soundtrack.
Daniel Sedin

Daniel Sedin (born September 26, 1980) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey winger. He played a total of 17 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He spent his entire NHL career with the Vancouver Canucks playing alongside his identical twin brother Henrik. Born and raised in Ornskoldsvik, Sweden, they played together throughout their careers; the pair were known for their effectiveness playing off one another. Daniel was known as a goal-scorer, while Henrik was known as a playmaker.
On April 5, 2018, the Sedin twins played their last game together in Rogers Arena against the Arizona Coyotes. Daniel played his last game on April 7, 2018 and retired alongside his brother after the 2017-18 NHL season. The Sedins both won the King Clancy Memorial Trophy at the end of the season, making it the first time two brothers shared the trophy.
On February 12, 2020, a ceremony took place which celebrated the Sedins' career. During the event, Daniel's jersey number 22 and Henrik's number 33 were retired and raised to the rafters of Rogers Arena. On 28 June 2022, Daniel and Henrik became the first Canucks inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.
David Jemmali

David Jemmali (born 13 December 1974) is a Tunisian football player. He has played for Tunisia national team.
Coat of arms of Iceland

The coat of arms of Iceland has a silver-fimbriated, red cross on blue shield. The supporters are the four protectors of Iceland (landvaettir) standing on a pahoehoe lava block. The bull (Gridungur) is the protector of northwestern Iceland, the eagle or griffin (Gammur) protects northeastern Iceland, the dragon (Dreki) protects the southeastern part, and the rock-giant (Bergrisi) is the protector of southwestern Iceland.
Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy ( ; ; - ) was a Greek who probably lived and worked in Alexandria, Egypt. He is famous for his work on astronomy and geography. Very little is known about his personal life.
He was an astronomer, mathematician, and geographer. He described in his writing the Greek geocentric view of the universe. Earlier Greek philosophers changed the old assumption of a flat Earth below a "vault of the heavens". They substituted a spherical Earth surrounded by a Celestial sphere. Ptolemy built these two spheres into a system of nested spheres. He also thought out and described the apparent motions of the planets as they were known in his time.
Ptolemy explained and extended Hipparchus's system of epicycles and eccentric circles to explain the Earth-centered theory of the world. Ptolemy's system involved at least 80 epicycles to explain the motions of the Sun, the Moon, and the five planets known in his time. He believed the planets and sun moved around the Earth in this order: Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn.
This system became known as the Ptolemaic system. It predicts the positions of the planets well enough for naked-eye observations, so it seemed accurate at the time. This is described in his book Mathematical Syntaxis (widely called the Almagest), a thirteen-book mathematical treatment of the phenomena of astronomy. It contains a wide variety of information ranging from earth conceptions to sun, moon, and star movement as well as eclipses and an explanation of the length of months. The Almagest also included a star catalog containing 48 constellations, using the names we still use today.
In addition to his well-known works in astronomy, Claudius Ptolemy was important in the history of geography and cartography (making maps). He was influential up to the 16th century. Then his ideas were disproved by Nicolaus Copernicus. Ptolemy knew that the Earth is a sphere. Ptolemy's is the first known projection of the sphere onto a plane. His Geography remained the main work on the subject until the time of Christopher Columbus. But he had Asia extending much too far east, which may have been a factor in Columbus's decision to try to reach India by sailing west from Europe.
The Ptolemaic explanation of the motions of the planets was the accepted wisdom until the Polish scholar Copernicus proposed a Sun-centered (heliocentric) view in 1543. Though the heliocentric idea is correct, its predictions were not better than Ptolemy's until Kepler's Laws were added.
Ptolemy may not actually have believed in the reality of his system. He may have thought of it only as a method of calculating positions.
Hymenium

The hymenium is the layer of tissue on the hymenophore of the part of a fungus that fruits. It is where cells grow into basidium or asci, which make spores.
Where the hymenium is found is traditionally the first thing used to identify mushrooms or to group mushrooms into families. Below are some examples of where to find the hymenium in different types of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota.
In agarics, the hymenium is on the flat sides of the gills.
In boletes, it is in a spongy mass of tubes that point down.
In puffballs, it is on the inside.
In stinkhorns, it grows on the inside and then comes out as a bad-smelling gel.
In cup fungi, it is on the inner surface of the cup.
In teeth fungi, it grows on the outside of tooth-like spines.
Motorboat

A motorboat is a boat which is powered by an engine (also commonly called a motor). Some motorboats, especially those used for water skiing, may have two engines. Some motorboats are made with inboard engines; others have an outboard motor installed on the outside, containing the internal combustion engine, the gearbox and the propeller in one portable unit.
An inboard/outboard contains a hybrid of a powerplant and an outboard, where the internal combustion engine is installed inside the boat, and the gearbox and propeller are outside.
Bembridge

Bembridge is a village on the Isle of Wight. It is the village which is farthest to the east on the island. According to the 2001 census of the United Kingdom it had a population of 3,848. The large population (for a village) means that some people have said that it has the biggest population of any village in the United Kingdom. Many of the most rich people who live on the Isle of Wight live in Bembridge.
History
The villages of Bembridge and Yaverland were once a separate island, off the coast of the rest of the Isle of Wight. There was a channel of water called Brading Haven, which separated the two islands. Before the time in which Queen Victoria was the queen of the United Kingdom, the village of Bembridge only had a few huts and farm houses. It was only when a church was built in 1827 that the village started to grow.
Geography
The most old buildings in the village are found close to the church in the north of the village. In this part of the village there are a number of shops, pubs (places to buy and drink alcohol), and restaurants (places to buy food). There is also the village hall (a place for meetings, sales and events).
In the south of the village there is an area which is called 'Lane End'. It is a more modern part of the village and has its own shops. In this part of the village there is a lifeboat station. There are two schools in Bembridge, one is for children of ages 4-8, and the other is for children of ages 9-13.
Zilpha Keatley Snyder

Zilpha Keatley Snyder (May 11, 1927 - October 8, 2014) was an American author of books for children and young adults. Three of Snyder's works were named Newbery Honor books: The Egypt Game, The Headless Cupid and The Witches of Worm.
Snyder died in San Francisco, California from a stroke, aged 87.
Devil's Dyke

Devil's Dyke, or Devil's Ditch is an earthwork in Cambridgeshire, England. A few parts of Bronze Age broken pots have been found there.
Aafke van Leeuwen

Aafke van Leeuwen (born 13 July 1992) is a martial arts fighter. She represents the Netherlands in ju-jitsu at international competitions.
Van Leeuwen became in 2022 for the fourth time world champion. She competed at the 2022 World Games, winning the bronze medal in the mixed team event.
Guernésiais

Guernesiais is a Norman language spoken on the Channel island of Guernsey. It is related to the Jerriais language on nearby Jersey island. It is part of the Oil languages family. Only 2% of the island's people speak the language.
The most recent dictionary of Guernesais, Dictiounnaire Angllais-guernesiais by Marie de Garis, was released in 1967. It was revised in 1982.