kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Somalia on 16 March 2020 when the first case was confirmed in Mogadishu.
Somali Prime Minister, Hassan Ali Khaire announced that the government had set aside five million dollars to deal with the disease. The Somali Medical Association was worried that the death toll in the country will be huge and that Somalia will not be able to recover from the economic effects due to poor working relations and the lack of healthcare.
It was also rumored that President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed may use the pandemic as an excuse to postpone elections. There were concerns over freedom of the press following arrests of journalists who were covering the pandemic in Somalia.
Canton of St. Gallen

St. Gallen is a canton in Switzerland. St. Gallen is in the north-east corner of Switzerland. North of St. Gallen is the canton Thurgau. West of St. Gallen is Zurich. South of St. Gallen is Schwyz, Glarus, and Graubunden. East of St. Gallen are the countries Austria and Liechtenstein. The cantons Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden are inside the canton St. Gallen (the canton St.Gallen sourrounds them).
St. Gallen has been a Swiss canton since 1803.
St. Gallen is near Lake Constance. At the south of St. Gallen there are big mountains over 3000m high. The best known mountain in St. Gallen is the Santis, which is 2503m high. At the east of St. Gallen there is the river Rhine. The people in St. Gallen speak German.
There are about 455,000 people (2002) in the canton St. Gallen. It has an area of 2,026 km2.
The biggest town in St. Gallen is the town with the same name St. Gallen. There are 70,000 people in the town St. Gallen.
2005 Azores subtropical storm

The 2005 Azores subtropical storm was a type of tropical cyclone in the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. The storm was not named by the National Hurricane Center, because it was not found until after the season ended. The storm formed in the Atlantic Ocean, and it became a "subtropical cyclone" on October 4. The storm did not last a long time. It passed over the Azores, and it stopped being a subtropical cyclone on October 5. What was left of the storm went on to become Hurricane Vince. After the hurricane season ended, the National Hurricane Center checked to make sure they did not miss any storms during the year. Some forecasters found this storm, which was not noticed while it was active.
Meteorological history
The system formed from a weather system to the west of the Canary Islands on September 28. The weather system gained strength over the next few days. On October 3, it became a type of low pressure system. Thunderstorms around the storm began to become more active, and it then became a type of cyclone that is called a "subtropical depression".
At about the same time, the depression turned towards the northeast and gained strength. It became a subtropical storm, which is stronger than a subtropical depression. The storm gained a bit more strength later that day. It then moved across the Azores, and began to weaken. The storm weakened slightly as it moved to the north-northeast. The storm died out on October 5. What was left of the storm later became Subtropical Storm Vince.
Effects and records
High winds were reported in parts of the Azores because of the storm. The strongest winds were on Santa Maria Island, where there was a gust of 59 mph (94 km/h). Ponta Delgada also saw 52 mph (85 km/h) wind gusts. There was no damage and there were no deaths. The storm was not said to be a subtropical storm until the National Hurricane Center found it on April 10, 2006. Every year, the National Hurricane Center checks to make sure they did not miss any storms during the past tropical storm season. If the storm was found when it was active, it would have been named "Tammy".
ATN News

ATN News is a 24-hour news television channel in Bangladesh. It is partner with ATN Bangla, another Bangladesh satellite TV channel.
History
ATN News started June 7, 2010. Mishuk Munier joined ATN News as CEO and chief editor in November 2010. He worked with the TV station until he died on August 13, 2011. Bangladeshi journalist Abed Khan became the next CEO and chief editor in 2011. He quit April 20, 2013. Dr. Mahfuzur Rahman is the chairman of ATN News. Sharker Firoz is CEO and advisor. Munni Saha is ATN's head of news.
Li River

The Li River, also called Li Jiang in Chinese, is a river in Guilin Guangxi, China. It is famous for its Karst landscape of mountains and rivers by water cruise.
Background
Li River starts from Mount Mao'er and ranges 83 kilometers southeast from Guilin to Yangshuo, and continues south as the Gui River, which flows into the Xi Jiang River in Wuzhou , the western tributary of the Pearl River in Guangdong.
The 437-kilometer course goes through the Li River, Gui River, Xijiang River and Pearl River from Guangxi to Guangdong, and finally falls into China South Sea.
Beverly Reid O'Connell

Beverly Reid O'Connell (May 12, 1965 - October 8, 2017) was an American judge. She served as United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California from April 30, 2013 until her death on October 8, 2017. She was nominated by President Barack Obama. She was born in Ventura, California.
O'Connell died on October 8, 2017 at a hospital in Santa Monica, California while being in a coma after suffering from a brain aneurysm at the age of 52.
Oulaya

Oulaya (; 4 November 1936 - 19 March 1990), Born "Beya Bent Bechir Ben Hedi Rahal", was a Tunisian singer and actress.
Manuel Díaz Montava

Manuel Diaz Montava (born May 14, 1957 in Alicante) is a cyclist from Spain. He has a disability: He is blind. He competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. He competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the tandem road race.
ITA

ITA can refer to:
Italia Trasporto Aereo
Italy
Casey Fossum

Casey Paul Fossum (born January 6, 1978) is an American former professional baseball player. He played for the Boston Red Sox (2001-2003), Arizona Diamondbacks (2004), Tampa Bay Devil Rays (2005-2007), Detroit Tigers (2008), and New York Mets (2009) of Major League Baseball. He batted and threw left-handed.
Mary Jane Bennett

Mary Jane Bennett (1816 to 6 July 1885) was the first official lighthouse keeper in New Zealand, and the only woman to have the position.
Personal life
Mary moved to New Zealand in 1840. She soon married George White Bennett. In 1852 George took the position of lighthouse keeper at Pencarrow Head. Following the death of her husband in 1855, Mary worked at the lighthouse. In January 1859 a good lighthouse building was made. She was selected as keeper. Pencarrow Lighthouse was the first permanent lighthouse in New Zealand.
Sally Dynevor

Sally Dynevor MBE (nee Whittaker; born 30 May 1963) is an English actress, known for her role as Sally Webster in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street, which she has played continuously since January 1986.
Vining, Kansas

Vining is a city in Clay and Washington counties in Kansas, United States. In 2010 census, 45 people lived there.
History
Vining was first called West Clifton. It was planned out as West Clifton in 1877. It was renamed Vining in 1881, in honor of E. P. Vining, a railroad worker.
Vining was once an important shipping point. This was because it was on the Republican River and at the junction of two railroads.
The post office in Vining closed in 1955.
Geography
Vining is at (39.567460, -97.293109). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land. The city is located next to Clifton.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 45 people, 24 households, and 13 families living in Vining.
Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War

Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War is a first-person shooter video game developed by Treyarch and Raven Software and published by Activision. It is the fifth installment of the Black Ops series, and the seventeenth installment in the overall Call of Duty series.
Background
It is a sequel to Call of Duty: Black Ops, Black Ops Cold War was released on November 13, 2020.
The game's campaign reveal took place on August 26, 2020, and its multiplayer mode was set to be published on September 9th, 2020. It is currently available on PS4, PS5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X, and Windows 8 and 10. It costs 60 USD for the Base game.
Plot
Black Ops Cold War is set during the early 1980s of the Cold War during the Ronald Reagan presidency. The campaign follows CIA operative Russell Adler as he looks for an alleged Soviet spy, Perseus, whose stated goal is to subvert the United States and tilt the balance of power toward the Soviet Union.
Hamilton, Alabama

Hamilton is a city in Marion County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 7,042. The city is the county seat of Marion County.
Mathias Damour

Mathias Damour (born in 1975) is founder of the free project Vikidia, in 2006.
Following the proposal of a French Wikipedia user, the possibility that between users and the Wikimedia Foundation an encyclopedia for children was evaluated. The idea was to make some Wikipedia articles that would be selected and then adapted for a young audience. This discussion also carried over to other language versions of Wikipedia, Currently lives in Annecy, France, Prior to Vikidia, he was a French Wikipedia contributor using the Astirmays account.
The English version was created in 2014.
It currently has more than 4,000 articles.
Raul Kivilo

Raul Kivilo is an archer from Estonia. He was born on 4 October 1970. Kivilo competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Basques

The Basques are an ethnic group from the western Pyrenees. Basques speak the Basque language and share ancestry with ancient Vascones and Aquitanians.
Basques are indigenous to area known as the Euskal Herria, located on the coast of the Bay of Biscay on the Iberian Peninsula and south-western France.
Culture
Language
The Basque language (endonym: euskara) is spoken by 25%-30% of people in Basque Country. Basque is a language isolate and is unlike other languages.
Sports
Basque pelota is a sport played in Basque Country and other places of the world. Jai Alai, a type of Basque pelota, can be found in the United States and Macau.
Religion
Traditionally, Basques are Catholic. Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Society of Jesus, was a Basque.
Paris, Texas (movie)

Paris, Texas is a 1984 German French American British drama movie directed by Wim Wenders and with the music by Ry Cooder. It stars Harry Dean Stanton, Bernhard Wicki, Dean Stockwell, Hunter Carson, Nastassja Kinski, John Lurie and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
A priori (disambiguation)

A priori (Latin, 'from the earlier') is a term used in philosophy and epistemology.
Reiko Kobayashi

Reiko Kobayashi (1939-1996, Xiao Lin Li Zi , former name is Reiko Kitani, Mu Gu Li Zi ) is a Japanese female 7-dan professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.
Achievements
Notable family members
Reiko Kobayashi has several professional players in her family.
John Walker Lindh

John Walker Lindh (born February 9, 1981, Washington, D.C.) is an American man. He was captured during the United States' invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. Lindh denied being involved in a violent rebellion of Taliban prisoners, during which most of the 300 to 500 prisoners died. Lindh was brought to trial in the federal court of the United States in February 2002. He was given a plea bargain. He pleaded guilty. Lindh was sentenced to twenty years in prison. Lindh was released in May 2019 after being in prison for just over seventeen years. After prison, he was given three years' supervised release.
Lindh and his family moved to San Anselmo, California while he was ten years old. Before being moved to California, he was raised in Silver Spring, Maryland. Lindh was named "John" after the singer John Lennon, the singer who was murdered just over two months before Lindh was born.
At age 20, Lindh decided to travel to Afghanistan to fight for the Afghan Taliban government forces against the Northern Alliance fighters. His parents said he was moved by the stories of atrocities, which were said as being perpetrated by the Northern Alliance army against civilians. He went to Afghanistan in May 2001.
Release
On Thursday, May 23, 2019, Lindh was released from Terre Haute, Indiana federal prison three years early for good behavior. But he was put on some probation requirements for his still supporting the Islamist ideology. Lindh couldn't use Internet or contact any fellow extremists. The probation continues for the last three years of his sentence.
Linda Lingle

Linda Lingle (born Linda Cutter; June 4, 1953) is an American politician. She was the sixth Governor of Hawaii. She is a Republican.
School holiday

School holidays are the periods when schools close for a break. The dates and length of school holidays are very different throughout the world. Governments often pass laws on the total number of school days for public schools. Private schools usually decide their own holidays.
Popular Holidays
Christmas Holidays
In all Christan countries and some countries with different religions there are holidays called Christmas Holidays where people don't have to go to school and they can spend time with their families. Usually in the Northern Hemisphere Christmas holidays last for about 2 weeks. But in the Southern Hemisphere, it is summer holidays so the Christmas Holidays usually last from about 6-14 weeks depending on the country.
Easter Holidays
Christan countries also celebrate the Easter holidays which can last for about a week or two weeks. In the Northern Hemisphere this is also known as Spring break because it is Spring during Easter in the Northern Hemisphere while in the Southern Hemisphere these are just known as the Easter holidays because it is Autunm over there.
Summer Vacation
In places like America, summer vacation usually lasts from June until September (14 weeks) while in other places like England, summer vacation (or known as summer holidays over there) last for about 6 weeks from late July until the begining of September because they have a 2 week holiday for Christmas and a 2 week holiday for Easter and several 1 week holidays. In places like Australia, because they're in the Southern Hemisphere, they have their holidays for about 6 weeks like England but have their holidays from about mid December to late January because they have the two two week holidays like England and an extra two week holiday in October without having the extra one week holidays.
Croix, Nord

Croix () is a commune in north France. In 2018, 21,087 people lived there.
Varsity Blues

Varsity Blues is a 1999 American comedy and drama sports movie. It is about a small town high school football team and their coach.
Plot
Jonathan "Mox" Moxon is an intelligent and academically talented quarterback on the West Canaan High School football team. But although he is popular at school, has a smart girlfriend and has easy friendships with other players, he isn't satisfied with his life. He wants to attend Brown University in Rhode Island. He is constantly disagreeing with his football-obsessed father Sam.
The verbally abusive Bud Kilmer cares just for winning, and at all costs. Kilmer has won two state titles and 22 district championships. His philosophy, though, begins taking a toll on the team's all state starting quarterback, Lance Harbor. Harbor is Jules's brother.
Cast
James Van Der Beek as Jonathon "Mox" Moxon, an academically successful, rebellious backup quarterback
Jon Voight as Bud Kilmer, the Coyotes' 30-year head coach
Paul Walker as Lance Harbor, the original captain and starting quarterback of the Coyotes, and Jules's older brother
Amy Smart as Jules Harbor, Mox's girlfriend and Lance's younger sister
Ron Lester as Billy Bob, an overweight, powerful offensive guard
Scott Caan as Charlie Tweeder, a wild, hard partying wide receiver for the Coyotes
Eliel Swinton as Wendell Brown, the running back and one of three African American players on the team
Ali Larter as Darcy Sears, Lance's girlfriend and the head cheerleader
Richard Lineback as Joe Harbor, Lance's and Jules's father
Thomas F. Duffy as Sam Moxon, Mox's football-obsessed father
Joe Pichler as Kyle Moxon, Mox's younger brother who is into religion rather than football
Reception
The movie opened at #1 at the United States' box office. It made $17.5 million in its opening week.
Paul Ryan (cartoonist)

Paul Ryan (September 23, 1949 - March 6, 2016) was an American comic book and comic strip cartoonist. Ryan worked for Marvel Comics and DC Comics on a number of super-hero comics. Until his death in 2016, he worked on The Phantom for King Features Syndicate. He was born in Somerville, Massachusetts.
Ryan died in Worcester, Massachusetts of cancer on March 6, 2016. He was aged 66.
Mahaska County, Iowa

Mahaska County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2020 census, 22,190 people lived there. The county seat is Oskaloosa.
Gully

A gully is an area where rain and wind wash the topsoil away, leaving a deep channel in the ground. it may also make a hill that varies in looks.
Structural load

Structural loads or actions are forces, deformations, or accelerations applied to a structure or its components. A load is the amount of weight a structure has to carry. Loads cause stresses, deformations, and displacements in structures. Structural analysis is the calculation of the effects of loads on physical structures. Excess load or overloading may cause structural failure. This is a consideration in the design and construction of a structure.
Mechanical structures, such as aircraft, satellites, rockets, space stations, ships and submarines, have their own particular structural loads and actions. In a vehicle, especially trucks, the chassis is designed to carry the structural load. In many cars unibody construction is used where the metal skin (or other materials) is designed to carry the load.
Gravity on Earth is an attractive force that affects all objects. A gravity load is one that the downward force of gravity affects.
Structural loads
The following are typical loads exerted against most structures:
Dead load is the load that permanently acts on the structure. It includes the structure itself. A dead load is a gravity load.
Live load is anything the structure is designed to carry. Live loads may move within the structure exerting different loads in different parts of the structure at different times. They are not permanent. A live load may be furniture and people in a building. It may be passengers and luggage in a vehicle.
Wind load is the force of wind against the surface of a structure. Wind loads are horizontal lateral forces. Wind load is very important in the design of taller buildings. Wind shear is a force that may affect structures vertically or horizontally. Uplift is a negative force caused by wind. It may cause a roof to lift upward.
Snow load is the load caused by snow. Similar to a live load is it not permanent and may move due to wind causing snow to drift on a roof.
Other environmental loads
Seismic loads
Temperature changes leading to thermal expansion cause thermal loads
Ponding loads
Frost heaving
Lateral pressure of soil, groundwater or bulk materials
Loads from fluids or floods
Permafrost melting
Aircraft structural loads
For aircraft, loading is divided into two major categories: limit loads and ultimate loads. Limit loads are the maximum loads a component or structure may carry safely. Ultimate loads are the limit loads times a factor of 1.5 or the point beyond which the component or structure will fail. Gust loads are determined statistically and are provided by an agency such as the Federal Aviation Administration. Crash loads are loosely bounded by the ability of structures to survive the deceleration of a major ground impact. Other loads that may be critical are pressure loads (for pressurized, high-altitude aircraft) and ground loads. Loads on the ground can be from adverse braking or maneuvering during taxiing. Aircraft are constantly subjected to cyclic loading. These cyclic loads can cause metal fatigue.
Fangame

Fangames are computer games created by fans based on popular video games. They are often made using C++, The Games Factory, Multimedia Fusion Express, and GameMaker. But now with free versions available of powerful game development tools available, some fangames are made in either Unity or Unreal Engine.
243

Year 243 (CCXLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
Battle of Resaena: A Roman army under Timesitheus defeats the Persians at Resaena (Syria). King Shapur I must run away to the Euphrates.
Timesitheus becomes ill and dies under suspicious circumstances. Shapur I goes back to Persia.
Emperor Gordian III picks Philip the Arab as his new praetorian prefect.
The Weather Makers

The Weather Makers: The History and Future Impact of Climate Change (2005) is a book by Tim Flannery.
The book includes 36 short essays predicting the consequences of global warming. The book reviews the evidence about historical climate change and attempts to put our era into context. The book asserts that if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to increase at current rates, the resulting climate change will cause mass species extinctions.
The book received much critical acclaim, and has won a major literary prize.
Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)

The Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division), commonly called the SA Liberals, is the South Australian branch of the Liberal Party, a centre-right, liberal conservative political party in Australia. It is currently in Opposition. Its current leader is David Speirs and its deputy leader is John Gardner.
Oberviechtach

Oberviechtach () is a town in Schwandorf, in Bavaria, Germany. It is southeast of Weiden in der Oberpfalz, and northeast of Schwandorf.
Naft Masjed Soleyman F.C.

Naft Masjed Soleyman Football Club () is an Iranian LOR football club based in Masjed-Soleyman, Iran.
Mark Henry

Mark Henry (born June 12, 1971) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to World Wrestling Entertainment on its Legends contract. Henry is also a 1992 Olympian and winner of the Arnold Classic strongman competition. He also had the nickname Sexual Chocolate.
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), also known as PENT, PENTA, TEN, corpent, penthrite (or -- rarely and primarily in German -- as nitropenta) is one of the most powerful high explosives known. It has a relative effectiveness factor (R.E. factor) of 1.66. PETN can be used as a plastic explosive. PETN can also be use as a drug to treat certain heart conditions, such as angina pectoris. In this context, it helps widening blood vessels, which is known as vasodilatation. PETN is among the most widely used substances for vasodilatation.
Cyclone Seroja

Tropical Cyclone Seroja was a tropical cyclone that caused massive and deadly flash floods and landslides in East Timor and southern Indonesia.
The twenty-second tropical low and seventh tropical cyclone of the 2020-21 Australian region cyclone season, formed off the south coast of Timor island as Tropical Low 22U at 18:00 UTC on 3 April 2021.
The name Seroja means lotus in Indonesian.
London Borough of Merton

The London Borough of Merton is a London Borough. It is in south west London. In the London Borough of Merton there is the towns of Morden, Wimbledon, Mitcham and other small towns like Pollards Hill, Colliers Wood and Summerstown.
Johnson County, Wyoming

Johnson County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The population was 8,569 as of the 2010 census. The county seat is Buffalo. The only other incorporated territory in the county is Kaycee.
Manchester City W.F.C.

Manchester City Women's Football Club (formerly Manchester City Ladies F.C.) is an English women's football club based in Manchester who play in the FA Women's Super League. It is affiliated with Manchester City F.C. who play in the Premier League.
Premier of Manitoba

The Premier of Manitoba is the head of government for the province of Manitoba, Canada. The Premier is appointed by the Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba, who represents the Queen. The Premier is usually the head of the largest party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. The Premier then appoints the Cabinet of Manitoba.
The current Premier of Manitoba is Heather Stefanson of the Progressive Conservative Party. She was sworn in on November 2, 2021 becoming the first female premier of Manitoba.
Cochlea

The cochlea is the auditory portion of the inner ear. It is a spiral-shaped cavity in the bony labyrinth, making 2.5 turns around its axis.
A core component of the cochlea is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea.
The name is from the Greek kokhlias kokhlias ("snail, screw"), from kokhlos kokhlos ("spiral shell"). This is in reference to its coiled shape: the cochlea is coiled in most mammals, monotremes being the exceptions.
Qian Jingwen

Qian Jingwen (born 11 May 1998) is a Chinese volleyball player. She played for the Chinese national team. She played at the 2015 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship, 2016 Asian Women's U19 Volleyball Championship, 2017 Montreux Volley Masters, and 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
She played for Shandong women's volleyball team.
Omar Abdel-Rahman

Omar Abdel-Rahman (, 'Umar 'Abdu r-Rahman; 3 May 1938 - 18 February 2017) was an Egyptian Muslim leader. He was blind, and nicknamed "The Blind Sheikh". He served a life sentence at the Butner Medical Center, in Butner, North Carolina, United States. He was a resident of New York City. He and nine others were convicted of planning a terrorist attack. His arrest grew from the 1993 World Trade Center bombing investigations.
Abdel-Rahman was born in al-Gamalia, Dakahlia Governorate. He lost his eyesight when he less than a year old. He had at least ten children.
Abdel-Rahman died on 18 February 2017 at Butner, at the age of 78. He died from problems caused by diabetes and coronary artery disease.
Battle of Brandywine

The Battle of Brandywine was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was fought on September 11, 1777. It ended with a British victory, leaving Philadelphia, Pennsylvania damaged and dangerous.
Bracken County, Kentucky

Bracken County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,488. Its county seat is Brooksville.
History
Bracken County was formed as Kentucky's 23rd county in 1796 from parts of Mason and Campbell counties.
Ruman Shana

Mohammad Ruman Shana is an archer from Bangladesh. Shana competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He was born on 8 June 1995.
Pagliacci

I pagliacci or Pagliacci () is a short two-act opera with libretto and music by Ruggero Leoncavallo. It was first performed in the Teatro Dal Verme in Milan, Italy on May 21, 1892. It was conducted by Arturo Toscanini.
The opera is about an adulterous love affair between the wife of a traveling actor and a village man that ends in the murders of both.
The role of Canio became Enrico Caruso's signature role. Pagliacci is the only opera by Leoncavallo still performed. It is usually paired with Pietro Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana.
Vegetative reproduction

Vegetative reproduction is a kind of asexual reproduction. Many plants do it. By vegetative reproduction plants can cover the ground quickly: ground taken by one plant is difficult for other plants to take. This occurs naturally, and can also be done on purpose by horticulturists.
Vegetative reproduction uses mitosis. This means that the newly created cell is a clone, and identical to the parent cell. Some plants put out new roots underground, have bulbs, or grow new vines and shoots above ground.
By this process, new plants can be grown naturally without any seeds or spores. Therefore, it is widely used especially in agriculture to spread the trees that are of great value to the economy.
Cuttings
In gardening and farming, vegetative reproduction means cutting a tree branch below its center joint, planting it in some other earth, and letting it form new roots. In this way, many kinds of useful plants can be easily reproduced without any seeds, for example: apple, avocado, banana, cacao, hemp, orange/lemon, date, fig, grape, almond, pineapple, potato, strawberry, sugar cane and tea.
Hearth

A hearth (har-th) is a brick or stone lined fireplace or oven that is used for cooking and heating. Historically, the hearth was the center of the home, as it provided heat for the house. Its Latin name is focus. That is why "focus" is used for many kinds of central point.
In more modern times, the hearth may be section of the fireplace that can be seen. This often includes tiles around the base of the fireplace and the floor.
Nick Hanauer

Articles with hCards
Nicolas Joseph Hanauer (born September 2, 1959) is an American business owner and investor in new businesses.
Selected publications
Books
The True Patriot (with Eric Liu), Sasquatch Books, 2007.
The Gardens of Democracy (with Eric Liu), Sasquatch Books, 2011.
Saint-Vincent-de-Barrès

Saint-Vincent-de-Barres is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Cavalleria rusticana

Cavalleria rusticana is an Italian opera in one act. The music was written by Pietro Mascagni. The story and words (libretto) were written by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti and Guido Menasci. The opera was based on a play by Giovanni Verga.
The opera was first performed in Rome on May 17, 1890. The work marked the start of the verismo style in Italian opera. It is often paired with Ruggero Leoncavallo's opera Pagliacci to make a full evening. Both operas are just a little over one hour each.
Name: The name means 'rustic chivalry' or 'chivalry of (people in) the countryside'.
Characters
Santuzza, a peasant girl (soprano)
Turiddu, a young villager (tenor)
Lucia, his mother (contralto)
Alfio, a carter (baritone)
Lola, his wife (mezzo-soprano)
Sources
Anderson, James. 1993. The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta. Wings Books.
The Earl of Harewood. 1989. Kobbe's Illustrated Opera Book. Putnam's. . pages 110-112.
Investigations Police of Chile

The Investigations Police of Chile (, or PDI) is the civil police of Chile. It was founded on 1933. The PDI is one of two Chilean police bodies along with Carabiniers de Chile. In their functions, this institution is the first collaborator of the Public Ministry of Chile in terms of criminalistic Investigations.
La Grange, Missouri

La Grange is a city in Lewis County, Missouri, United States.
ChuckleVision

ChuckleVision is a British television series created by Martin Hughes and the Chuckle Brothers for the BBC.
Garfield, Arkansas

Garfield is a town in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 502 at the 2010 census.
Iran men's national handball team

The Iran national handball team is the national handball team of Iran and is controlled by the IR Iran Handball Federation.
Johann Jakob Falkeisen

Johann Jakob Falkeisen (born 1804 in Basel) is a swiss artist painter and engraver.
Biography
After studying in Paris, Falkeisen went to Milan to further his career as an artist and worked under Giovanni Migliara (1785-1837) and Louis Cherbuin (1810-1875) until 1838.
Falkeisen took the opportunity to travel to Bursa in 1843, visiting Athens and Constantinople, to work in his family's silk factory which was being run by his brother, who was also the Austrian Consul for Bursa.
The Falkeisen family bought the factory, together with Tasciyan, an Armenian dragoman from the British Embassy, from a French entrepreneur called M. Glaizal, who had started the enterprise in 1837. The Falkeisen factory was the first steam-powered silk-spinning factory in Bursa and manufactured silk thread.
Johann Falkeisen lived in Turkey until 1855 when the family factory was destroyed by fire as a result of an earthquake and he returned to Basel. He then joined the fledgling Kunstmuseum in Basel where he worked as a curator.
Intellect

Intellect is the capacity of the mind by which one reasons. It does not involve the power to feel and move but the power to think. Subjects like Logic, Philosophy and Mathematics all involve the intellect. The intellect involves the power to identify, associate and differentiate. To identify is to find out what a thing is exactly. To associate is to find similarities between things, how they are alike, how they are like each other. To differentiate is to find out how things are different from each other. The intellect is always involved in at least one of these three activities.
Lüen

Luen was a municipality of the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Luen, Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.
Romanization

Romanization, or Latinization, is how words from languages that normally do not use the Latin alphabet are converted into Latin letters. That allows people who do not know the original writing system to read the sounds of the language. Romanization is one way to show the pronunciation of the language's words.
There are often several ways to romanize a language. For the Russian language, the Soviet Union invented several systems, and the United Nations and the International Organization for Standardization invented two of the others. There are also several methods for Arabic, Japanese, and Chinese. Some romanization systems are based on the writing system of the original language, some are based on speech in the original language, and some are based on both. In other words, some romanization systems are based on transliteration, and others are based on transcription.
List of IROC broadcasters

The following is a list of the American television networks and announcers who have broadcast IROC races throughout the years. Throughout its history, the IROC series has been aired on ABC, CBS, ESPN and Speed.
Navajo Nation

The Navajo Nation () is an American Indian territory covering about , such as parts of northeastern Arizona, southeastern Utah, and northwestern New Mexico in the United States.
This is the largest land area owned by an indigenous tribe in the United States, with a population of 173,667 as of 2010.
The current President of the Navajo Nation is Jonathan Nez since 2019.
Bear dog

The Amphicyonidae or bear dogs, is an extinct family of large terrestrial carnivores.
They belonged to the dog-like suborder Caniformia. It had a wide distribution in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. They lived from the Eocene epoch to the Pleistocene epoch 46.2 1.8 million years ago (mya), for a total of about 44.4 million years or from the Paleocene to the Quaternary period.
Originally they evolved in the Old World, but crossed over to the Americas during the Miocene epoch. This would happen at a time when crossing was possible via the Bering Strait.
Peter Brook

Peter Stephen Paul Brook, CH, CBE (21 March 1925 - 2 July 2022) is an English theatre and movie director. He has been based in France since the early 1970s. He has won multiple Tony and Emmy Awards, a Laurence Olivier Award, the Praemium Imperiale, and the Prix Italia. He has been called "our greatest living theatre director".
Brook died on 2 July 2022 in Paris, France at the age of 97.
List of rivers of Latvia

Rivers of Latvia include:
Aiviekste River
Barta
Daugava
Dubna River (Daugava basin)
Gauja
Lielupe
Musa
Nemunelis
Salaca
Venta River
Memele
Ogre River
Ritupe
Pededze
Ludza River
Iecava River
Abava
Svete River
Maza Jugla
Rezekne River
Malta River
Dienvidsuseja
Berze
Misa River
Stende River
Tartaks River
Kukhva River
Geography of Latvia
Latvia
Latvia
Workforce productivity

is the amount of goods and services that a worker produces in a given amount of time. It is one of several types of productivity that economists measure
Economic indicators
Labor
Black Hills Corporation

Black Hills Corporation is an energy company that is an electric and gas utility in South Dakota and Wyoming. They sell power throughout the American West. They are in Rapid City, South Dakota.
It gets its name from its home in the Black Hills of South Dakota.
Hestia

Hestia is a virgin Greek goddess of the hearth, home and fire. It was believed all hearths were her altars. She also symbolized the alliance between colonies and their mother cities. Her sacred animal is the pig.
Family
Hestia is the older sister of Demeter and Hera, and is also the sister of Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades. Her parents are Titans Rhea and Kronos.
Myths
Hestia was originally one of the Twelve Olympians. Her throne was described as plain, being made of wood with a woolen white cushion. She did not choose an emblem for herself.
Hestia was the first to be swallowed by her father Kronos when he ate the Twelve Olympians, and the last to be disgorged.
She gave up her throne on Mount Olympus, and gave it to Dionysus to avoid a possible civil war. Hestia instead tended to the sacred fire on Mount Olympus. Because she could not leave from the hearth, Hestia did not have many stories centered around her.
In ancient tales, Hestia refused the marriage offers of Apollo and Poseidon. She vowed on the River Styx to forever be a virgin goddess.
Worship
Hestia was always the first to receive offerings at every sacrifice in a household. Any hearth of a household was forbidden to go out unless the fire was ritually extinguished and ritually revived. The hearth of the prytaneum was Hestia's official sanctuary. When a new colony was formed, a flame from Hestia's public hearth in the mother city would be carried to the new settlement.
Appling County, Georgia

Appling County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 18,444 people lived there. The county seat is Baxley.
Midway, Utah

Midway is a city in Wasatch County in the state of Utah, in the United States.
Human-powered aircraft

A human powered aircraft is an aircraft that is powered entirely or partly by the pilot(s). Several human powered aircraft have been constructed in the past 30 years for recreation or to win prizes.
Designing a successful human-powered aircraft is difficult because a very large power to weight ratio must be achieved. This has been the reason why many of these aircraft use advanced composite materials in their construction.
There are human-powered aircraft being designed and made now. One aircraft is being built by Virginia Tech University named the Iron Butterfly. Another one is being built by the Pennsylvania State University named the Zephyrus.
Ayherre

Ayherre is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Fouchères, Aube

Foucheres is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Jasper County, South Carolina

Jasper County is the county in the state of South Carolina, United States As of the 2010 census, 24,777 people lived there. Its county seat is Ridgeland.
Two-Headed Monster

The Two-Headed Monster is a light purple monster on "Sesame Street". It first appeared in 1978 in Season 9.
970s

Below are some of the major things that happened in the years from 970 to 979.
970
A major volcano erupts in Mashu, Japan.
A terrible famine begins in France.
Eric the Victorious becomes the first king of Sweden.
Births
Leif Ericson, Norse explorer
Seyyed Razi, important Muslim scholar and writer
Sitt al-Mulk
Xu Daoning, Chinese artist
Deaths
30 January - Peter I of Bulgaria
Magyar leader, Taksany
Ferdinand II of Castile
Fujiwara no Saneyori
Garcia III of Pamplona
Hatto II, Archbishop of Mainz
Menahem ben Saruq
Patriarch Polyeuctus of Constantinople
Taksony of Hungary
971
Kenneth II of Scotland succeeds Culen as King
Births
Kushyar ibn Labban
Mahmud of Ghazni
Emperor Shengzong of Liao
Prince Shaif
Deaths
Abu Jafar Khazeni
Culen of Scotland
Ziri ibn Manad
972
Otto II marries Theophanu, Byzantine princess
Battle of Cedynia - Polish duke Mieszko I defeats Germans
Pope Benedict VI succeeds Pope John XIII as pope
Boleslaus II the Pious succeeds Boleslav I of Bohemia in Bohemia
Yaropolk of Kiev succeeds Sviatoslav I in Kiev
Fatimids enter Egypt, establish the Al-Azhar mosque in Cairo
Buluggin ibn Ziri appointed viceroy in Ifriqiya, start of the Zirid dynasty
The monastery at the site of Peterborough Cathedral is rebuilt
Saint Eadburga is canonized
Emperor John Tzoimisces makes eastern Bulgaria a Byzantine subject
The city of Satu Mare, Romania is founded
Births
March 27 - King Robert II of France (d. 1031)
Al-Mawardi
Ermesinde of Carcassonne, countess and regent of Barcelona (d. 1057)
Fujiwara no Yukinari
Fulk III of Anjou
Pope Gregory V
Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
Renauld I, Count of Nevers
Deaths
July 15 - Boleslav I of Bohemia
September 6 - Pope John XIII
Liutprand, bishop of Cremona and historian
Sviatoslav I, Prince of Kiev
Kuya, Japanese monk of Pure Land Buddhism (b. 903)
973
The Fatimids move their capital to Cairo
Edgar of England is crowned king by Saint Dunstan
Otto II becomes Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany
January 19 - Pope Benedict VI succeeds Pope John XIII as the 134th pope
Births
September 15 - Al-Biruni, mathematician (d. 1048)
December 26 - Abu al-Ala al-Ma'ar;ri, poet
Deaths
May 7 - Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 912)
July 4 - Saint Ulrich of Augsburg (b. 890)
974
A great earthquake in England.
Elizabeth Blackadder

Dame Elizabeth Violet Blackadder, Mrs Houston, (24 September 1931 - 23 August 2021) was a Scottish painter and printmaker. She was the first woman to be elected to both the Royal Scottish Academy and the Royal Academy. Her work can be seen at the Tate Gallery, the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, and the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Pastry

Pastry is the dough from which some baked products are made. Pastry dough is rolled out thinly and used as a base for baked products. It is made from ingredients such as flour, sugar, milk, butter, shortening, baking powder, and/or eggs. Common pastry dishes include pies, tarts, quiches and pasties.
Pastry is also the name given to various kinds of baked products. Small cakes, tarts and other sweet or savoury baked products are called "pastries."
Greek food such as Spanakopita are made from pastries.
Downtown MRT line

The Downtown Line (DTL), will be the fifth Mass Rapid Transport line in Singapore, the third to be completely underground, and with 3-car trains, the second medium capacity line. Currently in various stages of construction, it will open up in phases, such as Stage 1 in 2013, Stage 2 in 2015 and Stage 3 in 2017. The line is colored blue on the MRT Rail map.
Overview
The downtown line starts in Bukit Panjang, where it then passes through the Creative cluster and school belt of Bukit Timah. Along the way, it passes through many food enclaves, such as at Newton. It then passes through the downtown core and financial district before heading east, towards Bedok and Tampenies and the Singapore Expo.
History
Stage 1 of the Downtown Line was originally planned as the Downtown Extension of the Circle Line since 2005. It was planned to have 6 stations from Bugis and end at Chinatown. It opened on 22 December 2013. The section usually parallels Circle Line from Bayfront to Promenade.
Stage 2 was originally planned as the Bukit Timah Line, and was to terminate at Nicoll Highway, but plans were changed after the Nicoll highway collapse, which deemed the original station unfit for use. It was merged with the Downtown Line in 2005. It opened on 27 December 2015.
Stage 3 was originally planned as the Eastern Region Line, and was meant to relieve congestion on the East West Line. The northern part of the line from Expo to Chinatown was replaced by Downtown Line Stage 3 and opened on 21 October 2017.
Stage 3e is a two station extension that would link the Downtown Line and the Thomson Line at Sungei Bedok. It would be completed around 2024.
Stations
Below are the announced station names for all four stages of the Downtown Line.
Schwendau

Schwendau is a municipality of the district of Schwaz in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Deportation

Deportation, means the removal of someone from a country. People may be deported from a country for many reasons. For example, one may be deported from a country if he has got into the country illegally, or without a visa (permission).
Deportation can also happen inside a country. A person or a group of people may be forced to move to a different part of the country, as a punishment.
Cressey, California

Cressey (formerly, Cressy) is a census-designated place in Merced County, California. It is north-northwest of Atwater. The population was 366 at the 2020 census.
Jim Thorpe

James Francis Thorpe (May 28, 1888 - March 28, 1953) was an American athlete in track, football, and baseball. Thorpe was part Native American and was from Oklahoma. He played football, track, and six other sports at Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania. While at Carlisle, Thorpe's team was one of the best in the country, and beat an Army team that had Dwight Eisenhower. Thorpe won gold medals in the pentathlon (five track and field events in one day) and decathlon (ten events in two days) at the 1912 Summer Olympics. After the decathlon, the King of Sweden called him the greatest athlete alive. His medals were taken away because he had played professional baseball, but were returned in 1982, long after his death.
After the Olympics, Thorpe played professional baseball and football. He played for football teams including the Canton Bulldogs, Rock Island Independents, Chicago Cardinals and New York Giants. He was commissioner of the NFL for one year. Thorpe is in the NFL Hall of Fame. He also played for baseball teams including the New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds, and Boston Braves For several years, Thorpe toured with football, baseball and basketball teams that only had Native American players. Late in life, Thorpe had problems with alcoholism. Thorpe died in 1953. He was buried in Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania, which changed its name to Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania.
Rock Point, Maryland

Rock Point is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located near Cobb Island at the mouth of the Wicomico River in Charles County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 107.
Needamangalam taluk

Needamangalam Taluk is a taluk in Thiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu in India.
Daniel (Elton John song)

"Daniel" is a 1973 song by Elton John and was taken from his sixth studio album Don't Shoot Me I'm Only the Piano Player. It went to number 2 in the United States, Zimbabwe and New Zealand, number 1 in Canada and number 4 in the United Kingdom and Ireland and was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1974. It went on to be covered by Wilson Phillips.
Mohamed Ould Bilal

Mohamed Ould Bilal (; born in 1963), is a Mauritanian politician. He is the 16th and current Prime Minister of Mauritania since 6 August 2020.
Lard

Lard is rendered pig fat that is used in cooking. Before, many cuisines used it as a cooking fat or shortening, or as a spread similar to butter. It is not used as much as before. Many cooks and bakers still like it better than other fats for some things. It also has a high smoke point.
Stephen Leather

Stephen Leather (born 25 October 1956) is a British author. He writes in the thriller genre. His works are published by Hodder & Stoughton. He began his writing career as a journalist, working for newspapers such the The Glasgow Herald, Daily Mirror, The Times, Daily Mail and the South China Morning Post in Hong Kong. He has written for television shows such as London's Burning, The Knock and Murder in Mind.
Leather's 1992 novel The Chinaman was made into a movie, called The Foreigner (2017). It stars Jackie Chan and Pierce Brosnan.
Leather was born in Manchester. He grew up in Sale and Chorlton-cum-Hardy.
East London line

The East London line is part of the London Overground network. It runs from north to south through East London. The railway was built in 1869 by the East London Railway Company. It reused the Thames Tunnel which was built for horse-drawn carriages. The line became part of the London Underground network in 1933. It closed on 22 December 2007 for refurbishment and expansion. In April 2010, it reopened as part of the London Overground network. Phase 2, which links the line to the South London line with a terminus at , opened on 9 December 2012. This created an orbital railway around inner London.
Caulières

Caulieres is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.