kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Cathode ray tube

The cathode ray tube or CRT was invented by Karl Ferdinand Braun. It was the most common type of display for many years. It was used in almost all computer monitors and televisions until LCD and plasma screens started being used.
A cathode ray tube has an electron gun. The cathode is an electrode (a metal that can send out electrons when heated). The cathode is inside a glass tube. Also inside the glass tube is an anode that attracts electrons. This is used to pull the electrons toward the front of the glass tube, so the electrons shoot out in one direction, making a cathode ray. To better control the direction of the ray, the air is taken out of the tube, making a vacuum.
The electrons hit the front of the tube, where a phosphor screen is. The electrons make the phosphor light up. The electrons can be aimed by creating a magnetic field. By carefully controlling which bits of phosphor light up, a bright picture can be made on the front of the vacuum tube. Changing this picture 30 times every second will make it look like the picture is moving. Because there is a vacuum inside the tube (which has to be strong enough to hold out the air), and the tube must be glass for the phosphor to be visible, the tube must be made of thick glass. For a large television, this vacuum tube can be quite heavy.
The cathode ray tube was invented in 1897, and used as an oscilloscope (a machine to show waves). Later, along with other inventions and improvements, it was used for the first modern electronic television by Philo T. Farnsworth in the 1920s. The CRT was the main type of television screen until the liquid crystal display became popular in the early 2000s.
Rosario Ibarra

Maria del Rosario Ibarra de la Garza (24 February 1927 - 16 April 2022), also known by her marital name Rosario Ibarra de Piedra, was a Mexican activist and politician. She was a presidential candidate and was president of Comite Eureka at the time of her death. She was a member of the Senate from 2006 until 2012.
Turbine

A turbine is an engine that turns fluid movement into energy. This energy can be changed to make electricity with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with normally 1 moving part called a rotor assembly (a shaft or drum with blades attached) Moving fluid, normally water, moves the blades so that they transfer energy to the rotor. Some early turbine examples include windmills and waterwheels.
A casing can be placed around the turbine to control the movement of the fluid. Credit for the invention of the steam turbine is given both to Anglo-Irish engineer Sir Charles Parsons (1854 - 1931) for invention of the reaction turbine(turbines that utilize water pressure and water speed to rotate), and to the Swedish engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845-1913) for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines normally utilize both the reaction and impulse turbine in one system.
In Mortal Hands

In Mortal Hands: A Cautionary History of the Nuclear Age is a 2009 book by Stephanie Cooke. The book says that nuclear energy failed to develop in the way its planners hoped, and explores the military and civilian sides of nuclear energy. In the book, Cooke says that we are not close to solving the nuclear waste problem, and that "the billions spent by government on nuclear over the past sixty years crowded out other energy options". The book suggests that there are practical reasons why nuclear reactors are unlikely to provide a solution to the global climate change problem.
Stephanie Cooke has written about the nuclear industry since the 1980s, and is a contributor to the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists. There have been many media interviews about In Mortal Hands.
Aman Lal Modi

Aman Lal Modi (born 21 September, 1985) is a Nepalese politician and social worker who represents Morang 4 in the House of Representatives. He was also a member of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly, having been elected from the Unified CPN (Maoist) party.
Rumegies

Rumegies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,758 people lived there.
Linda Lê

Linda Le (1963 - 9 May 2022) was a Vietnamese-born French writer. She won the Feneon Prize, the Prix Wepler, the Prix Renaudot du livre de poche, and the Prince Pierre de Monaco literary prize. Le was born in Da Lat, Vietnam. She moved to France in 1977. She published her debut novel when she was 23.
Le died on 9 May 2022, at the age of 58.
Backbencher

In Westminster parliamentary systems, a backbencher is a member of parliament (MP) or a legislator who holds no governmental office and is not a frontbench spokesman in the Opposition. A backbencher is simply a member of parliament with no cabinet duties.
Buena Vista, Georgia

Buena Vista is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Marion County.
Chromium(II) chloride

Chromium(II) chloride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CrCl2. It is a white crystalline chemical. It dissolves in water to produce a bright blue solution. It is a strong reducing agent. If the water has a little acid in it, hydrogen is produced. If the water has a little base in it, chromium(II) oxide is produced. The water needs to be very pure.
It is made by reacting chromium(III) chloride and hydrogen at a high temperature. It can also be made by reduction of chromium(III) chloride with zinc. It is used in science research.
Edam cheese

Edam is a type of Dutch cheese. It is named after the town that it comes from, Edam in the Netherlands. Edam cheese is pale yellow. It is often sold in round pieces, covered in red paraffin wax. Edam that is sold in the Netherlands (and not exported) does not usually have wax on it.
Straight Outta Compton (movie)

Straight Outta Compton is a 2015 American biographical movie. It was directed by F. Gary Gray and it was produced by Ice Cube, Tomica Woods-Wright, Matt Alvarez, F. Gary Gray, Scott Bernstein, and Dr. Dre. Straight Outta Compton was released on August 14, 2015. The movie is about the Compton hip hop group N.W.A and it follows the group through their rise and fall.
The movie got positive reviews from critics. It has a 89% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the movie 3.5 stars out of 4 and called it "one of the better musical biopics of the last 20 years." Roeper said that the movie was "enthralling" and "energized" and he praised the cast for delivering "strong, memorable work that transcends mere imitation."
Cast
O'Shea Jackson, Jr. as Ice Cube
Corey Hawkins as Dr. Dre
Jason Mitchell as Eazy-E
Aldis Hodge as MC Ren
Neil Brown, Jr. as DJ Yella
Paul Giamatti as Jerry Heller
Marlon Yates Jr. as The D.O.C.
Gray Chittagong Cockerel

The Bangladeshi Brahma Chicken is an Bangladeshi breed of chicken. The distinctive head shape and pea comb of the Brahma probably result from cross-breeding with Grey Chittagong birds of Malay type, imported from Chittagong in eastern Bengal (now Bangladesh); these characteristics distinguish the Brahma from the Cochin, which also derives from "Shanghai" birds. It is considered as the "National poultry of Bangladesh" respectively.
Big School-Break

Big School-Break () is a 1972 Soviet movie directed by Aleksei Korenev. It stars Mikhail Kononov, Yevgeny Leonov, and Rolan Bykov.
Western Collegiate Hockey Association

The Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) is a group of colleges and universities in the Midwestern United States that play NCAA Division I women's ice hockey against one another every season. The champion is automatically invited to the NCAA Division I women's hockey tournament. When the WCHA ran a men's league, the men's champion was also automatically invited to the Division I men's tournament.
Founded in 1951 as a men's hockey league, the WCHA added a women's division in the 1999-2000 season. The league would expand far beyond its traditional Midwestern base, adding teams in Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, and Indiana at different times. The WCHA shut down its men's division after the 2020-21 season when seven of its 10 members left to start a new Central Collegiate Hockey Association.
Today, eight schools are members of the now women-only WCHA.
Current members
Former members
Final men's members
Ten schools were members of the WCHA men's league in its final season.
Ernst Fivian

Ernst Fivian (12 August 1931 - 15 December 2021) was a Swiss gymnast. He competed in the 1952 and 1960 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in 1952.
Fivian died on 15 December 2021, at the age of 90.
Ferguson, Missouri

Ferguson is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 21,203 at the 2010 census. At the 2020 census, the population was 18,527. It is a suburb of St. Louis.
History
The city of Ferguson was founded in 1855. The city's first schoolhouse was built in 1878. Ferguson was incorporated as a city in 1894.
In August 2014, there were riots and protests after a white officer, Darren Wilson, shot and killed 18-year-old African American, Michael Brown.
Bassussarry

Bassussarry is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Godzilla, King of the Monsters!

Godzilla, King of the Monsters! is a 1956 Japanese-American disaster science fiction horror action giant monster film directed by Terry Morse and Ishiro Honda.
Chadwick, Illinois

Chadwick is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Ian Paisley

Ian Richard Kyle Paisley, Baron Bannside (6 April 1926 - 12 September 2014) was a politician and church minister in Northern Ireland. He founded the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) in 1971 and was its leader until May 2008.
He was born in Armagh and grew up in Ballymena. He founded the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster in 1951 and was a Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of North Antrim from 1970 to 2010. He was the First Minister of Northern Ireland from May 2007 to June 2008 at the head of an all-party government.
He called himself the Reverend Doctor Ian Paisley.
Paisley died in Belfast on 12 September 2014, aged 88. At the time of his death, Paisley suffered from cardiomyopathy.
Hoxne treasure

The Hoxne treasure is the largest find of late Roman silver and gold in Britain, and the largest collection of gold and silver coins of the fourth and fifth century found anywhere in the Roman Empire.
The treasure was found by metal detector in the village of Hoxne in Suffolk, England, on 1992. The hoard consists of 14,865 Roman gold, silver and bronze coins from the late fourth and early fifth centuries, and about 200 items of silver tableware and gold jewellery.
The objects are now in the British Museum in London, where the most important pieces and a selection of the rest are on permanent display. In 1993, the Treasure Valuation Committee valued the hoard at PS1.75 million (today PS).
The hoard was buried as an oak box or small chest filled with items in precious metal, with some in smaller wooden boxes and others in bags or wrapped in fabric. Remnants of the chest, and of fittings such as hinges and locks, were recovered in the dig. The coins date the hoard to after AD 407, about the end of Britain as a Roman province.
The owners and reasons for burial of the hoard are unknown, but it was carefully packed and the contents seem what a very rich family might have owned. The lack of large silver serving vessels and of some of the most common types of jewellery, suggest that the hoard is only part of the wealth of its owner.
Kevin Kurányi

Kevin Kuranyi (born 2 March 1982 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a German football player. He used to play for the German national team, but was excluded in October 2008 due to improper behaviour. His team is Dynamo Moscow. Before playing for Moscow, he played for Stuttgart and Schalke.
Bertaucourt-Epourdon

Bertaucourt-Epourdon is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Wes Brown

Wes Brown (born 13 October 1979) is an English footballer. He plays for Sunderland F.C. and England national team.
Stormzy

Michael Ebenezer Kwadjo Omari Owuo Jr. (born 26 July 1993), better known by his stage name Stormzy, is a British rapper and singer. He has collaborated with Ed Sheeran on the singles "Take Me Back to London" and "Own It" (alongside Burna Boy).
Works
In 2017, he released his first album Gangs, Signs, & Prayers. The album included the single "Blinded By Your Grace" featuring MNEK. He featured on a remix of Ed Sheeran's "Shape of You" which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. In December 2019, he released his second album Heavy Is The Head. The album included the singles "Vossi Bop" and "Own It" (featuring Ed Sheeran and Burna Boy).
He has worked with other artists like Charlie Sloth and Jaykae.
Stormzy has supported Aitch and Chip supported Stormzy. He won the Mercury Prize.
Corey Stewart

Corey Alan Stewart (born August 1, 1968) is an American lawyer and Republican politician. Stewart is the Chairman of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors.
He studied at Georgetown University and at William Mitchell College of Law. He was elected to the Board of County Supervisors in 2003.
In July 2017, Stewart announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate.
Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest

Anselme Gaetan Desmarest (1784 - 4 June 1838) was a French zoologist and author. He was the son of Nicolas Desmarest.
Desmarest published Histoire Naturelle des Tangaras, des Manakins et des Todiers (1805), Considerations generales sur la classe des crustaces (1825), Mammalogie ou description des especes des Mammiferes. Paris: Veuve Agasse(1820), and Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles (1816-30, with Andre Marie Constant Dumeril). His son Eugene Anselme Sebastien Leon Desmarest (1816-1889) was also a zoologist.
Bay of Kotor

The Bay of Kotor (Serbian and Montenegrin: Boka Kotorska / Boka Kotorska), also known as the Boka, is the bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro around the bay.
Its well-preserved medieval towns of Kotor, Risan, Tivat, Perast, Prcanj and Herceg Novi, along with their natural surroundings, are major tourist attractions. The Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Its numerous Orthodox and Catholic churches and monasteries attract numerous religious and cultural pilgrims.
Gleðibankinn

"Gledibankinn" (English translation: "Bank of Fun") is a song by ICY. Singers Eirikur Hauksson, Helga Moller and Palmi Gunnarsson were part of the band. It was the first Icelandic entry and the first song in Icelandic at the Eurovision Song Contest, being performed at Eurovision Song Contest 1986.
The music is positive. It talks about "the bank of fun", which is said to be where people's happiness is found, and not "your empty blues". And because happiness is stored in a bank, it can be taken out at any time when someone is feeling depressed.
Before the song was submitted, all three members performed the song. Only Palmi Gunnarsson performed the song in the Icelandic finals.
It was the sixth song to be performed, after the United Kingdom's Ryder with "Runner In The Night" and before the Netherlands' Frizzle Sizzle with "Alles heeft ritme". When voting closed, it had 19 points, placing 16th out of 20 countries.
The next song performed for Iceland was Haegt og hljott by Halla Margret, which was performed at Eurovision Song Contest 1987.
Dhaka Division

Dhaka Division is an administrative division of Bangladesh. The capital and largest city is Dhaka. The division has an area of . It has a population of 38,678,000.
The division of Dhaka is next to the Indian state of Meghalaya to the north, Barisal and Chittagong Divisions on the south, Sylhet Division to the east, Rajshahi and Khulna Divisions to the west.
Andrea de Cesaris

Andrea de Cesaris (31 May 19595 October 2014) was an Italian racing driver. He started 208 Formula One Grands Prix but never won, holding the record for the longest career without a race victory.
He was in many car accidents during his career. That earned him the nickname "Andrea de Crasheris". He became known for being very fast but also wild. The nickname stuck, though he went on to become a calmer, more mature driver in his later career. In 2005 and 2006 he competed in the Grand Prix Masters formula for retired F1 drivers.
Rivne Oblast

Rivne Oblast () is an oblast (province) of northwestern Ukraine. The administrative centre is Rivne. The population of Rivne Oblast was 1,159,000 in 2014.
New Brunswick (disambiguation)

New Brunswick may refer to:
New Brunswick, Canadian province
New Brunswick Southwest, federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada
New Brunswick Railway, Canadian railway and land holding company
New Brunswick, Indiana, unincorporated town in Harrison Township, Boone County, Indiana
New Brunswick, New Jersey, city in New Jersey, USA
New Brunswick (NJT station), railroad station on the New Jersey Transit Northeast Corridor Line and the Amtrak Northeast Corridor
Rodolfo Arruabarrena

Rodolfo Arruabarrena (born 20 July 1975) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team.
Second French Empire

The time from about 1852 to 1870 is known as Second Empire in French history. Napoleon III was the emperor. First he had an authoritarian style of ruling, but there was a lot of opposition. Like with many other countries, industrialization (and the industrial revolution) started during his reign. France also became one of the most powerful counties in Europe. It collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870-1871 during the Unification of Germany by Otto von Bismarck to create the German Empire in 1871 .
Nate

Nate is a South Korean web portal. It was created by SK communications. It joined with NETSGO and then with Lycos Korea in 2002. In 2003, Nate took over the online community service Cyworld. In 2009, Nate combined with Empas and became one of the most famous Korean web portals.
By 2006 users Nate had 19 million users. This dropped to 18 million by 2008. In 2009, it had 7 million users from China and 450,000 from Vietnam.
NateOn
NateOn is a quick messenger provided by Nate. It topped MSN Messenger in 2005.
NateOn is South Korean' most used messenger. It is most popular for its direct connection with Cyworld and simple to use free text service. It provides versions for Windows as well as beta versions for Mac OS 10 and Linux.
NateOn has 22 million users.
NateOn also allows users to talk to each other using NateOn Phone.
The Green Book (Muammar Gaddafi)

The Green Book ( al-Kitab al-Ahdar) is a book written by Muammar al-Gaddafi, who was the leader of Libya until 2011. It explains his social and political philosophy. He wanted everyone to read the book because he believed that his philosophy could make the world a better place. It was first published in 1975.
Importance
Libya
The Green Book was very important in Libya. Schoolchildren would spend 2 hours a week learning about it.
Elsewhere
By 1993, colleges all around the world were having lectures and seminars about The Green Book.
Contents
The books has 110 pages. It is divided into 3 parts:
The Solution of the Problem of Democracy: The Authority of the People (published in late 1975)
The Solution of the Economic Problem: Socialism (published in early 1977)
The Social Basis of the Third International Theory (published in September 1981)
The book is against both capitalism and communism. Gaddafi was against communism because he thought it was not respectful to religion. Instead, he promoted Islamic socialism.
It also rejects representative democracy.
Summary
The table below gives a chapter-by-chapter summary of the book:
Reception
A lot of people thought that Gadaffi didn't do a good job writing the book. They thought that the book was a bunch of proverbs rather than something with new and unique ideas or a strong argument.
Nombulelo Hermans

Nombulelo Lilian Hermans (1 January 1970 - 18 January 2021) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress. She was in a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa from 2019 until her death in 2021.
Hermans died from COVID-19 on 18 January 2021.
Arrondissement of Bonneville

The arrondissement of Bonneville is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Haute-Savoie departement, Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Bonneville.
History
When the Haute-Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Bonneville was part of that original department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Bonneville is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains, to the east by Switzerland, to the southeast by Italy, to the south by the Savoie department, to the southwest by the arrondissement of Annecy and to the west by the arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois.
It is the most eastern arrondissement of the department and is the largest arrondissement with an area of , and the second in population, with 184,093 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km2.
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
Berville, Val-d'Oise

Berville is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Schley County, Georgia

Schley County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 4,547 people lived there. The county seat is Ellaville.
Gastric dumping syndrome

Gastric dumping syndrome, also called dumping syndrome, and rapid gastric emptying, is when food or water passes through the body too fast. It can cause cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, feeling dizzy, nausea, and feeling tired.
Militant

Militant can be:
Militancy in regard to reformism or other activism
In politics
The Militant, an international socialist news magazine, published since 1928
The Militants, or Militant faction, an organized grouping in the Socialist Party of America during the 1930s
Britain
Militant (Trotskyist group), commonly called the "Militant tendency", and its newspaper Militant, published since 1964
Militant in Liverpool, the actions of the group in the 1980s
Militant Group, a British Trotskyist group of the 1930s, and their journal Militant from 1937
Tezcatlipoca (DC Comics)

Tezcatlipoca is a fictional character who appeared in the DC Comics' series Wonder Woman and is a god from Aztec mythology. Tezcatlipoca II is a character who appeared in the series Green Arrow and is a hybrid of human and jaguar, a werejaguar.
Neutral

The word neutrality can have different meanings too:
Neutrality (international relations), when a country does not side with any of the parties in a conflict
Neutral solution, a chemical solution that is neither acidic nor alkaline
Neutralization
Neutral particle, in physics, a particle that does not have an electric charge.
CBS Video Enterprises

CBS Video Enterprises, referred to as CBS Video is a home video company was formed in 1975 by the Columbia Broadcasting System. Its CBS shows, Cinema Center Films and CBS Theatrical Films movies, CBS Music Video releases on videocassette and laserdisc. In 1979, it teamed up with MGM to form MGM/CBS Home Video to create MGM films and shorts on videocassette and laserdisc. In 1982, United Artists was acquired by MGM and renamed to MGM/UA Home Video and merged with 20th Century Fox Video to form CBS/Fox Video. In 1990, it was reverted to CBS Video and in 1991, it was renamed to Fox Video, alternating with CBS/Fox name until 1998. In 1999, CBS created CBS DVD for DVD releases of CBS shows and films. In 2009, CBS Video and CBS DVD changed its name to CBS Home Entertainment to create new releases of shows and films on DVD and Blu-ray.
Food bank

A food bank is a non-profit, charitable organization that gives away food to those who have hard time buying enough to avoid hunger. While a it is a popular organization, many critics believe it would cause a welfare crisis.
Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias

Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias were an English comedy rock band. They were formed in Manchester, England in 1973.
Their story is told in CP Lee's book When We Were Thin . The name of the band is a corruption of the Latin American band Alberto y Los Trios Paraguayos.
Career
Created in 1973 by Chris "C.P." Lee (vocals, guitar, bass), with Jimmy Hibbert (vocals, bass) and Bob Harding (vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards), the comedy sketch outfit became a musical group in 1974 and was joined by drummer Bruce Mitchell (drums), with Les Prior (vocals), Simon White (steel guitar, guitar) and Tony Bowers (vocals, bass, guitar). They became a popular support act, supporting Dr. Feelgood on their 1974 tour. The group mercilessly parodied the major rock names of the 1970s - "Anadin" was a sendup of Lou Reed's "Heroin". By 1975 they were topping the bill in their own right and were supported by such acts as The Police, The Stranglers, Devo, Ian Dury and the Blockheads, The Buzzcocks, The Cure, The Jam, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Soft Boys, and Blondie. They were promoted by Noddy Holder and Freddie Mercury. As with many comedy ensembles, the Albertos belied their comic aspirations by their exemplary musicianship, and they released four albums and a variety of spoof discs, culminating in the musical play, Snuff Rock.
Sleak (aka Snuff Rock), inspired by the then recent film, Snuff, and the concept of snuff movies, but carrying the idea to a band who killed themselves for entertainment, was their musical play presented at London's Royal Court Theatre and Round House and was famous for the role of the comic disc jockey played by Les Prior. They reached the UK Singles Chart with the accompanying EP, "Snuff Rock", released on Stiff Records, poked fun at the punk rock phenomenon, targeting the Sex Pistols ("Gobbing On Life"), The Damned ("Kill") and The Clash ("Snuffin' Like That") as well as myriad reggae bands in "Snuffin' In A Babylon". Tony Bowers and Bob Harding left the band on 29 July 1978, and they were replaced by John Scott (vocals, bass, guitar, saxophone, keyboards) (ex John Cooper Clarke and Jilted John) and Ged Green (vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards) in August 24, 1978. They reached the UK Singles Chart with the Status Quo spoof, "Heads Down No Nonsense Mindless Boogie" in 1978. Les Prior died in January 31, 1980 from leukaemia, which left a large gap in the group. Ged Green left the band in March 28, 1980, he was replaced by Ian Morris ("Mog") (vocals, bass) (ex The Smirks) in April 4, 1980.
After their nationally networked TV show Teach Yourself Gibberish, their fourth and final album with Radio Sweat and crack at America with Sleak (they met with Oingo Boingo, Joan Jett and Pete Shelley in New York, who were saw their show, at the time), the Albertos disbanded in 1982.
The band's brand of spoof rock has been said to be in the same English tradition as that of the Barron Knights and the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band, but a better comparison might be the American parody singer Weird Al Yankovic.
Carlo Gambino

Carlo Gambino (; August 24, 1902 - October 15, 1976) was a Mafioso who became Boss of the Gambino crime family, that is still takes the name today. No one expected Gambino to seize control over the Commission of La Cosa Nostra in the US, at 1957 Apalachin Convention. Gambino was known for being low-key and secretive and unlike many modern mobsters, Gambino served no time in prison, but lived to the age of 74, when he died of a heart attack in bed.
Colin Farrell

Colin James Farrell (born 31 May 1976) is an Irish actor. He has starred in many films, including: Tigerland, Minority Report, Phone Booth, The Recruit, S.W.A.T., Alexander, Miami Vice, Widows, Dumbo and In Bruges, for which he won a Golden Globe Award. He played The Penguin in the 2022 movie The Batman.
For his role in the 2022 movie The Banshees of Inisherin, Farrell won a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor.
Farrell lives in Los Angeles, California. He also has a home in Dublin, Ireland.
Caroline Unger

Caroline Unger (28 October 1803 in Vienna - 23 March 1877 in Florence) was an Austrian singer.
She studied music in Italy. Her first scene was in her hometown in 1821. She plays a role in Cosi fan tutte written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. 3 years later she was singing in the symphony No. 9 of Ludwig van Beethoven.
In 1841, she married Francois Sabatie. She then stopped performing.
Hazlet, New Jersey

Hazlet is a township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 20,334.
Stewart Copeland

Stewart Armstrong Copeland (born July 16, 1952) is an American musician and composer. He was the drummer for the British rock band "The Police". He has written music for movies and video games, and music for ballet, opera and orchestra. According to MusicRadar, Copeland's "distinctive drum sound and uniqueness of style have made him one of the most popular drummers to ever get behind a drumset."
He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of "The Police" in 2003, the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2005, and the Classic Drummer Hall of Fame in 2013. In 2016, Copeland was ranked 10th on Rolling Stones "100 Greatest Drummers of All Time". He is also known for composing soundtracks for the Spyro video game series.
Season premiere

In television, a season premiere refers to the first episode of a new television season for a series that has been renewed.
In North America, a given show's season premiere often airs in September or October, after several months of reruns.
Characteristics
A season premiere usually has one or more of the following characteristics:
Resolutions to cliffhangers and other plots left unresolved in the previous season's season finale.
Introductions of new storylines. Some stock examples might include a character having a new job (or losing one), a character gets a new love interest (or an existing relationship either ends or enters a new phase), children entering a new school, the core group of characters move to a new home (or hangout, etc.) ... and the list goes on.
Often, one or more of these stories will introduce a fundamental change to a particular show. An example is Archie Bunker's Place, where Archie's wife, Edith, died and the characters deal with her death. Subsequent episodes had Archie adjusting to life as a widower and re-entering the dating scene.
One-up episodes with plots or special guest stars meant to entice viewers. Some shows feature a special guest star (e.g., Don Drysdale on a season premiere episode of The Brady Bunch or Jerry Seinfeld on a season premiere of 30 Rock); others might have multi-part "adventures," such as the Bradys' family vacations to Grand Canyon and Hawaii.
A change in central setting or, to a lesser extent, remodeling of the setting.
Introductions of new characters, frequently to boost the ratings of a veteran show, two examples are John Doggett in season eight and Monica Reyes in season nine of The X-Files.
In the case of game shows, the introduction of new (or revised) rules, new bonus games, rules concerning prizes (such as what can be won), and/or new models.
The show airing at a new day and/or timeslot, either to improve sagging ratings or - if the ratings are high - to anchor a line-up of new and veteran programs.
Golden Mountains of Altai

Golden Mountains of Altai is name for one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. This region cover a large area of . It consist of the Altai and Katun nature reserves in Siberia, Russia. It also includes Lake Teletskoye, Belukha Mountain, and the Ukok Plateau. UNESCO stated: "The region represents the most complete sequence of altitudinal vegetation zones in central Siberia". The area protects endangered snow leopards. It also has large brown bears, wolverines and golden eagles.
The Conjuring 2

The Conjuring 2 is a 2016 American supernatural horror movie directed by James Wan. It is the sequel to 2013's The Conjuring and the third movie in The Conjuring series.
Background
Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga reprise their roles as paranormal investigators and authors Ed and Lorraine Warren from the first movie. The movie is about the Warrens as they travel to England to help the Hodgson family, who are experiencing poltergeist activity in Enfield council house in 1977. This event became referred to as the Enfield Poltergeist.
Release
The Conjuring 2 was released in North America on June 10, 2016. The movie received positive reviews from critics and has made over $320 million worldwide. A spin-off prequel movie, The Nun, is scheduled to be released in 2018.
Russian Grand Prix

The Russian Grand Prix () is an annual auto race held at Sochi Autodrom - a street circuit built around Olympic Park in Sochi, Russia, as part of the Formula One World Championship.
The 2022 edition was cancelled due to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, before contract future race was terminated.
Winners
Repeat winners (drivers)
Drivers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.
Repeat winners (constructors)
Teams in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.
A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.
Repeat winners (engine manufacturers)
Manufacturers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.
A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.
By year
A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.
Human rights in Israel

Human rights in Israel has been evaluated by intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and human rights activists. They are checked often in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the wider Arab-Israeli conflict and Israel internal politics.
Politics
Israel is a multiparty parliamentary democracy. It was described in its Declaration of Independence as a "Jewish state" - the legal definition "Jewish and democratic state" was adopted in 1985.
Ethnicity
In addition to its Jewish majority, Israel is home to religious and ethnic minorities. Some of them report discrimination. In the Palestinian territories, successive Israeli governments have been criticized from other countries and international human rights groups. One of the Basic Laws of Israel, aimed to make the basis of a future constitution, Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty, is a major tool for safeguarding human rights and civil liberties in Israel.
LGBT rights
Rights for sexual minorities in Israel are thought to be the best in the Middle East.
Marriage
Israel has not legalized same-sex marriage. But same-sex marriages valid in foreign countries are legally recognized in Israel. Israel guarantees civil rights for its homosexual population, including adoption rights and partner benefits. Israel also gives a common-law marriage status for same-sex domestic partners. The sodomy law inherited from the British Mandate of Palestine was repealed in 1988. But there was an explicit instruction issued in 1953 by the Attorney General of Israel ordering the police to refrain from enforcing this law, so long as no other offenses were involved.
Anti-discrimination practices
A national gay rights law bans some anti-gay discrimination, including in employment; some exemptions are made for religious organizations. In the past, military service of homosexuals was subject to certain restrictions. These restrictions were lifted in 1993, allowing homosexuals to serve openly in all units of the army.
Surgery
In March 2014, the Ministry of Health stated that sex-reassignment surgery was included among subsidized health services provided to citizens. Despite this, in May Haaretz reported that a health maintenance organization refused to pay for two sex-change surgeries. This resulted in great expenses by the patients.
Employment
A national LGBTI task force found that 80 percent of transgender persons, 50 percent of lesbians and 20 percent of gay men were discriminated against when seeking employment.
Charmont

Charmont is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:
Charmont, Marne, in the Marne department
Charmont, Val-d'Oise, in the Val-d'Oise department
Charmont-en-Beauce, in the Loiret department
Charmont-sous-Barbuise, in the Aube department
Grand-Charmont, in the Doubs department
Vieux-Charmont, in the Doubs department
Desalination

Desalination means any process that removes the excess salt and other minerals from water in order to obtain fresh water suitable for animal consumption or irrigation. Most desalination is by distillation. Some is by reverse osmosis or other methods.
The main purpose is to make water for people to use. The salt is usually carried away as brine but in some places the solid salt is extracted.
Desalination of brackish water is done in the United States in order to meet treaty obligations for river water entering Mexico. Several Middle Eastern countries have energy reserves so great that they use desalinated water for agriculture. Saudi Arabia's desalination plants account for about 24% of total world capacity. The world's largest desalination plant is the Jebel Ali Desalination Plant (Phase 2) in UAE. It uses multi-stage flash distillation, dual-purpose and it is capable of producing 300 million cubic meters of water per year.
Methods
Distillation
Multi-stage flash (MSF)
Multiple-effect (MED|ME)
Vapor compression (VC)
Evaporation/condensation
Membrane processes
Electrodialysis reversal (EDR)
Reverse osmosis (RO)
Nanofiltration (NF)
Forward osmosis (FO)
Membrane distillation (MD)
Cold (freezing)
thermal
Solar humidification
Methane hydrate crystallisation
High grade water recycling
The traditional process used in these operations is vacuum distillation -- essentially the boiling of water at less than atmospheric pressure, and thus a much lower temperature than normal. Due to the reduced temperature, energy is saved.
Belfast West (UK Parliament constituency)

Belfast West () is a constituency of the United Kingdom. It is in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Election results
This seat had the largest Sinn Fein vote share at the 2019 general election. It also saw the only increase in vote share for the DUP at the election.
First officer

In commercial aviation, the first officer is the second pilot (sometimes referred to as the "co-pilot") of an aircraft. The first officer is second-in-command of the aircraft, to the Captain who is the legal commander. In the event of incapacitation of the captain, the first officer will assume command of the aircraft.
Control of the aircraft is normally shared equally between the first officer and the captain, with one pilot normally designated the "Pilot Flying" (PF) and the other the "Pilot Not Flying" (PNF) for each flight. Even when the first officer is the flying pilot, however, the captain remains ultimately responsible for the aircraft, its passengers, and the crew. In typical day-to-day operations, the essential job tasks remain fairly equal.
The pilot is seated in the left seat of the cockpit, and the co-pilot is positioned in the right seat.
Generally one of the two will fly the airplane, while the other navigates and is in charge of radio communication.
Words with Friends

Words with Friends is a multi-player word game by Zynga. Players take turns to place words like crosswords on a board, similar to Scrabble. Up to 30 games can be played at the same time. Notifications are used to tell users when it is their turn. Players can find friends by their username, or by Facebook.
The game was released in July 2009. It can be played across the operating systems operating systems Android, Windows Phone and iOS (iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch). It can also be played on Facebook, Kindle Fire, and Nook Tablet. In the game is an unreliable chat feature, which allows opponents to send messages to each other. From 2010 to 2011 Words with Friends was one of the top games in the iOS app store. It can be played as a free version with advertisements, or a paid version without ads.
Gameplay
The rules of the game are essentially the same as Scrabble. Some features are different, such as where bonus tiles are, and the points scored by some letters. Players have 7 randomly picked tiles. These tiles are filled whenever some are played on the board until all of the tiles have been used. Players take turns putting words on the board. If they do not play a word, they can swap tiles with ones not yet used, or pass their turn. Words can be placed up and down, or left and right. Players want to score as many points as they can.
The game ends when a player has no more tiles, and there are no more tiles in the bag. After the last tile is played, the other player will lose points for the total score of their tiles. These points are given to the person who played the final move. The player with the highest score wins.
Players can move their tiles around. They can also reorder them by pressing a button or shaking the device. Players can quit games if they want to. The game has two more features, "tile bag" and "word-o-meter", both can be used for free.
173,000 words can be played. The list of words used is based on the Enhanced North American Benchmark Lexicon (ENABLE).
Origin
The game was made by Shawn Lohstroh for brothers Paul and David Bettner. They were the owners of Newtoy Inc. at the time.
Val Logsdon Fitch

Val Logsdon Fitch (March 10, 1923 - February 5, 2015) was an American nuclear physicist. For this discovery he and his student James Cronin received the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Covasna County

Covasna (, ) is a county (judet) of Romania, in Transylvania. The capital of Covasna County is Sfantu Gheorghe.
Geography
Covasna County has an area of 3,710 km2.
Divisions
Covasna County has 2 municipalities, 3 towns and 40 communes. The places have an absolute and relative Hungarian majority, Hungarian names of them are given in parenthesis.
Laxå Municipality

Laxa Municipality () is a municipality in Orebro County in central Sweden. The seat is in Laxa.
Mishael Cheshin

Mishael Cheshin (; February 16, 1936 - September 19, 2015) was an Israeli Justice. He served in the Supreme Court of Israel from 1992 to 2006.
Before becoming a judge he was working at the Justice Ministry.
Cheshin was born in Beirut and died at the age of 79 from cancer in Tel Aviv.
Master of Arts

A Master of Arts (Latin:Magister Artium) is a postgraduate academic master's degree given by universities in many countries.
Ted Badcock

Frederick Theodore Badcock better known as Ted Badcock was born 9 August, 1897 in Abbottabad, Pakistan and died 19 September, 1982 in South Perth, Australia. He was a New Zealand cricketer who played seven tests for New Zealand from 1929/30 to 1932/33 and was the best-allrounder. He is first players capped in test cricket for New Zealand.
Millbrook, New York

Millbrook is a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States. Millbrook is located in the Hudson Valley, on the east side of the Hudson River, north of New York City. Millbrook is near the center of the Town of Washington. As of the 2010 Census, Millbrook's population was 1,452. It is often referred to as a low-key version of the Hamptons and is one of the most affluent villages in New York.
Millbrook is part of the Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , of which is land and (2.60%) is water.
Vivian Cash

Vivian Liberto Cash Distin (April 23, 1934 - May 24, 2005) was the first wife of Johnny Cash. They were married from 1954 to 1966. Linerot divorced Cash because of his bad problems with drug addiction. Cash and Liberto had four daughters. Vivian died on May 24, 2005 from problems caused by lung cancer.
Juan José Lara Ortiz

Juan Jose Lara Ortiz (born November 30, 1965 in Sevilla) is a wheelchair basketball athlete from Spain. He has a physical disability: he is 1 point wheelchair basketball player. He played wheelchair basketball at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. His team was third. They beat the United States 66-60 to finish third.
Serrières-sur-Ain

Serrieres-sur-Ain is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
The Battle Hymn of the Republic

"The Battle Hymn of the Republic" (also known as "Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory" outside of the United States), is a song by American writer and poet Julia Ward Howe (1819-1910).
History
Howe's lyrics were written in November 1861 and first published in The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. She was paid $4.00 for the song. It is based on the music from the song "John Brown's Body". It was made famous by Charles Cardwell McCabe, a Union Army chaplain during the American Civil War. He sang it in front of President Abraham Lincoln who stood and asked to hear it a second time. It quickly became the unofficial anthem of the Union. Since that time, it has become a popular and well-known American patriotic song.
Lyrics
Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.
I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling camps,
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps:
His day is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His day is marching on.
I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnished rows of steel:
"As ye deal with my contemners, so with you my grace shall deal";
Let the Hero, born of woman, crush the serpent with his heel,
Since God is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Since God is marching on.
He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call retreat;
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment-seat:
Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! be jubilant, my feet!
Our God is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.
In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea,
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me.
As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free,
While God is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
While God is marching on.
He is coming like the glory of the morning on the wave,
He is Wisdom to the mighty, He is Succour to the brave,
So the world shall be His footstool, and the soul of Time His slave,
Our God is marching on.
(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah.
Our God is marching on.
Rehman Malik

Abdul Rehman Malik NI (12 December 1951 - 23 February 2022) was a Pakistani politician and a Federal Investigation Agency officer. He was the Interior Minister from 25 March 2008 until 16 March 2013. In 2018, he was elected to the Senate.
In 2020, Malik was accused of rape by an American journalist.
Malik died of respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 at a hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan on 23 February 2022 at the age of 70.
Sphenoid bone

The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is in the middle of the skull towards the front.
Manchu language

The Manchu language is a Tungustic language and it was the native language of the Manchu people before and during the Qing dynasty. The Manchus are the ethnic minority in China that overthrew the Ming dynasty in 1644 and took over the country. When they ruled, they formed the Qing dynasty. Manchu uses a version of the Mongolian script that was changed to better suit the language. For the first 200 years, it was the official language in the courts, although commoners still spoke Chinese. However, during the mid-1800s, it became more common for the Manchu nobles to speak Chinese as their first language. As a matter of fact, China's last emperor, Aisin Gioro Puyi, knew very little Manchu and spoke Chinese as his first language. Nonetheless, Manchu was still written alongside Chinese in official documents until the end of Imperial China. Even though China today has 10 million Manchus, only 20 people speak Manchu today. This makes Manchu a critically endangered language. Almost all Manchus today speak Mandarin Chinese as their first language.