kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Vajrayana

Vajrayana is a school of Buddhism first practiced in India. It is sometimes called esoteric Buddhism. From India it spread to Tibet, Mongolia and Bhutan. Since the annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China in 1959, the Tibetan form of Vajrayana has spread to many Western countries and has gained great popularity.
Vajrayana is a third and separate major school of Buddhism, the other two being Theravada and Mahayana. Vajrayana Buddhism comes from Mahayana Buddhism. Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism has its own texts in the Tibetan and Sanskrit languages. It also contains the older Mahayana texts in Sanskrit and Theravada texts in the Pali language.
Vajrayana is sometimes known as Tantric Buddhism in the west. Tantric practice is one kind of Vajrayana Buddhism, but there are also other forms.
Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as "The Diamond Vehicle".
Features of Vajrayana
The main features of Vajrayana are:
The use of mantras, a form of chanting
Strong focus on the guru, or teacher
The importance of meditation, including concentration techniques such as the visualization of bodhisattvas.
Followers are introduced to these practices through initiation which is also called empowerment.
Tibetan Vajrayana
There are four main schools of Tibetan Buddhism: Nyingma, Sakya, Kagyu, and Geluk. All four schools identify themselves as belonging to the Mahayana or "Great Vehicle" tradition, which is the most popular form of Buddhism in China, Korea and Japan.
Levels of practice
In the ancient or Nyingma school, the teachings are divided into six levels:
Outer Tantras
Kriyayoga
Charyayoga
Yogatantra
Inner Tantras (Anuttarayogatantra)
Mahayoga
Anuyoga
Atiyoga (also known as Dzogchen)
The new schools (Sakya, Kagyu, and Geluk) divide the teachings into only four levels. The first three are the same as in the Nyingma school. The last level is simply called Anuttarayogatantra ("Highest Yoga Tantra"). These Highest Yoga Tantras are divided into "mother", "father" and "non-dual" tantras. The new schools use a practice called Mahamudra in place of Dzogchen.
Oceanport, New Jersey

Oceanport is a borough in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 5,832.
Sotkamo

Sotkamo is a municipality in the region of Kainuu, Finland. In January 2014, it had a population of over 10,650. It covers an area of .
Neighbouring municipalities are Kajaani, Kuhmo, Nurmes, Paltamo, Rautavaara, Ristijarvi, Sonkajarvi and Valtimo.
Hiidenportti National Park is in Sotkamo.
Kate Nelligan

Patricia Colleen Nelligan (born March 16, 1950), known professionally as Kate Nelligan, is a retired Canadian actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1991 movie The Prince of Tides. She won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for the 1991 movie Frankie and Johnny. She also starred as a main protagonist in the 1981 movie Eye of the Needle, the 1983 movie Without a Trace and the 1985 movie Eleni.
Kevin Schon

Kevin Dodd Schon (born February 7, 1958) is an American actor, voice actor, producer, and energy entrepreneur, known for his voice-over work in movies, television series, and video games. He is best known as a voice double for Nathan Lane for animated media, most notably as Timon in the Timon & Pumbaa TV series and in various other Disney related projects.
Monika Kørra

Monika Korra (born September 5, 1989) is an author and former athlete from Norway.
Biography
Athletics
In 2008, she won the bronze medal in the 3000 metre steeplechase at the Norwegian championships representing the Norwegian club Friidrettsklubben Ren-Eng. She also competed in the 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics - Women's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics, finishing twelfth in her heat and failing to reach the final. Korra won a sports scholarship at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas.
Authorship
On December 5, 2009, she was kidnapped, assaulted and raped by three men living illegally in the United States. Arturo Arevalo and Alfonso Zuniga received life sentences while the third, Luis Zuniga, received 25 years. Instead of staying silent about her ordeal, she chose to come forward with her story and in 2015, she completed a book in English entitled Kill the Silence stating that "It's not what happens to you, but how you respond to it that matters." In her book, she details how she forgave her perpetrators telling them "I don't hate them; I hate what they did to me. Two of them even cried...That really meant a lot to me because then I saw that it is something good in everyone." She went on to graduate from Southern Methodist University. In 2012, she founded the Monika Korra Foundation dedicated to creating awareness of the prevalence and effects of sexual assault and to provide a place of healing for victims. She has appeared in the media in both the United States and Norway including as a guest on the TV talk show Skavlan on October 9, 2015. In 2009, Korra was awarded the SMU Athletics' Perseverance Award for her courage. In 2012, she received the Wilma Rudolph Student Athlete Achievement Award.
Loudon County, Tennessee

Loudon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The 2020 U.S. Census said 54,886 people live there. Its county seat is Loudon.
Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)

The Huntress, also known as Helena Rosa Bertinelli, is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is a longtime member of the Birds of Prey.
In the first two seasons of Arrow, Helena Bertinelli is played by actress Jessica De Gouw. The character made her cinematic debut in the DC Extended Universe movie Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) (2020), portrayed by Mary Elizabeth Winstead.
Denton Lotz

Denton Lotz (January 18, 1939 - April 23, 2019) was an American Baptist minister. He was the general secretary of the Baptist World Alliance from 1988 to 2007. He also served as Senior Pastor of Tremont Temple Baptist Church in Boston, Massachusetts from 2007 to 2017. He was born in Flushing, Queens, New York.
Lotz died at his home in Forestdale, Massachusetts on April 23, 2019. He was 80.
Luna (1965 movie)

Luna () is a 1965 Soviet science fiction movie directed by Pavel Klushantsev.
Ashland, Concordia Parish, Louisiana

Ashland is an unincorporated community in Concordia Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Whistle Stop (1963 movie)

Whistle Stop () is a 1963 Soviet comedy movie directed by Boris Barnet. It stars Vasiliy Merkurev, Yekaterina Mazurova, and Nadezhda Rumyantseva.
Jeff Skinner

Jeffrey Skinner (born May 16, 1992 in Markham, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was picked by the Carolina Hurricanes with the seventh overall pick in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. He played in the OHL with the Kitchener Rangers. He was currently the youngest hockey player in the NHL during the 2010-11 season.
Awards
He was a NHL All-Star in 2011 becoming the youngest All-Star selection ever in the four major North American sports (baseball, basketball, American football, ice hockey).
He won the Calder Trophy in 2011.
He was named Sporting News Rookie of The Year.
He was named The Hockey News Rookie of the Year.
Diego Verdaguer

Miguel Atilio Boccadoro Hernandez (26 April 1951 - 27 January 2022), known professionally as Diego Verdaguer (, was an Argentine-born Mexican singer. He played the trumpet and the bandoneon. His most famous songs were "Volvere", "Corazon de Papel", "Usted Que Haria" and "La Ladrona". He was also known for working with Joan Sebastian. Verdaguer was born in Buenos Aires.
Verdaguer died on 27 January 2022 in Los Angeles, California from COVID-19, aged 70.
Arizzano

Arizzano is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Alan

Alan may refer to:
People
Alan (surname), an English and Turkish surname
Alan (given name), an English given name
List of people with given name Alan
Following are people commonly referred to solely by "Alan" or by a homonymous name.
Gladys Knight

Gladys Maria Knight (born May 28, 1944) is an American singer, actress and songwriter. She is called the "Empress of Soul", She was the lead singer of the music group The Pips.
Personal life
Knight has been married four times and given birth to three children. In 1960, Knight married her high school sweetheart, James Newman. Gladys gave birth to their son, James III (1962-1999). In 1963 daughter Kenya was born. Newman and Knight divorced in 1973. She married producer and Blackground Records founder Barry Hankerson in 1974. They had one son, Shanga Hankerson, and divorced in 1981. She married motivational speaker Les Brown in 1995. They separated and divorced in 1997. Also in 1997, she was baptized into The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, following her son and daughter. Knight married current husband, William McDowell, in 2001.
Fall Out Boy's Evening Out with Your Girlfriend

Fall Out Boy's Evening Out with Your Girlfriend is the debut mini-LP and second extended play (EP) by rock band Fall Out Boy. The album was released in 2003. Credits are Patrick Stump, Pete Wentz, Joe Trohman, Mike Pareskuwicz, T.J. Kunasch, Jared Logan.
Saint-Pierre, Réunion

Saint Pierre () is a commune in the French overseas department and region of Reunion. It is the third-largest Commune in Reunion. Saint-Pierre is located on the southwest side of the island. It is the capital of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands. The commune began as a port built from 1854 to 1882. It was used for the trade between Asia and Europe. It has 400 sites for fishing and private boating. Most of the commercial boats have moved north to Le Port.
Geography
The town of Saint-Pierre is at the beginning of the only major road across the island. The road leads to Le Tampon, La Plaine des Cafres and Bourg Murat. There is also easy access to the Piton de la Fournaise.
Transportation
Pierrefonds Airport is located from the commune. It opened in 1999. This is a small airport for commercial traffic. It has an IATA code of ZSE.
Population
Twin towns-Sister cities
Saint-Pierre is twinned with Beau-Bassin Rose-Hill, Mauritius.
Herlin-le-Sec

Herlin-le-Sec is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
SPT-CL J0546-5345

SPT-CL J0546-5345
is a very massive galaxy cluster, it is one of the most massive galaxy clusters ever found in the early universe. The cluster is thought to be located 7 billion light years away. It was discovered at the South Pole Telescope in 2008 by the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-Effect. The cluster has a redshift of z = 1.067. Follow-up studies using the Spitzer, Chandra, and optical telescopes allowed to identify cluster members and to measure the redshift. Using the velocity dispersion, the mass of the cluster has been estimated to 1015 solar masses.
Arrondissement of Caen

The arrondissement of Caen is an arrondissement of France. It is in the department of Calvados, in a region called Basse-Normandie. It has 24 cantons and 288 communes.
Freddy Cole

Lionel Frederick "Freddy" Cole (October 15, 1931 - June 27, 2020) was an American jazz singer and pianist. His recording career has spanned over sixty years. He was the brother of musicians Nat King Cole and Ike Cole, father of Lionel Cole, and uncle of Natalie Cole, Timolin Cole, and Casey Cole. He was known for his moderate success of Whispering Grass in 1953.
During the 1970s, Cole recorded several albums for European and English based labels. He was the subject of the 2006 documentary The Cole Nobody Knows. In June of that year, Cole was added to the Steinway Artist roster.
Cole died from heart disease-related problems in Atlanta, Georgia on June 27, 2020 at the age of 88.
Burrowing owl

The burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) is a bird in the Strigidae family.
They nest and roost in burrows. The owls are often active during the day. Like many other kinds of owls, burrowing owls do most of their hunting during dusk and dawn, when they can best use their night vision and hearing.
Ashland County, Ohio

Ashland County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2010, 53,139 people lived there. The county seat is Ashland.
Geography
The county has a total area of .
Agustín Aranzábal

Agustin Aranzabal (born 15 March, 1973) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Torture in the United States

Torture in the United States includes cases of torture reported in the United States and outside the USA by U.S. government workers.
Torture and the War on Terror
The United States and other countries involved in the War on Terror have used torture to get information from suspected terrorists. Some of the most well known cases of torture involving the U.S. are the Abu Ghraib scandal and Guantanamo Bay.
Abu Ghraib Prison
Starting in 2004 there were reports of abuse of prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq. The New Yorker newspaper had an article in May 2004 about the abuse and the article had pictures that were taken by soldiers involved. According to an investigation by the Department of Defense called the Taguba Report, the military had been looking into the abuse since 2003. In the end nine soldiers were discharged from the military and sent to prison.
Guantanamo Bay
Human rights organisations like Amnesty International have said CIA agents used waterboarding and other inhumane ways to get information out of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay. Because of the abuse President Barack Obama ordered the base to be closed down.
Hidetoyo Watanabe

is a former Japanese football player.
Club statistics
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Tampa Bay Area

The Tampa Bay Area is an area in West Central Florida that includes Tampa and St. Pete. Among notable residents is John Cena, a WWE pro wrestler and former 3-time WWE Champion and reigning World Heavyweight Champion.
Televangelism

Televangelism is the use of modern mass media such as television or radio to speak of the faith. Usually this is done to convince other people of one's own beliefs. It is common with Christianity but also occurs with other religions. The word is a made up of television and evangelism. The term was started by Time magazine. Today it is also used for preachers who use modern mass media, such as radio, or the internet to spread the gospel.
Please note, that televangelism is different from watching a Christian mass (or other religious programme, for example, the blessings Urbi et Orbi of the Pope) on television, or other media.
In Christianity
Televangelists often give speeches, or sermons. There they tell about the good news, and they ask people to do specific things. Most often, they want donations either for their organisation, or for a specific cause. Most televangelists make a connection between wonders or miracles, and the donations of the faithful. What they preach is a form of prosperity theology, and this connection is a defining characteristic.
In Christianity, televangelists often have positions that are close to those of the Charismatic Movement, or of Pentecostalism.
In Islam
Televangelism also exists in Islam. There, the people are either Salafi Sunni Muslims, or they are Shiites or Alevites.
Yusuf al-Qaradawi is a very popular Islamic tellevangelist.
Harun Yahya is an Turkish Islamic televangelist who has creationist ideas. Politically, his ideas are close to the Gulen movement. He has a very modern interpretation; in his broadcasts, he also shows women with few clothes, which is unusual for the Islamic world.
Brownington, Vermont

Brownington is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States.
Atemoya

Annona x atemoya, the atemoya, is a species of plant in the genus Annona.
Blue duck

The blue duck or whio (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos) is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae endemic to New Zealand. It is the only member of the genus Hymenolaimus. It appears to be most closely related to the tribe Anatini, the dabbling ducks, but its exact taxonomy is unknown.
1800

1800 (MDCCC) was an exceptional common year starting on Wednesday in the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Sunday in the Julian calendar. As of the start of 1800, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
As of March 1 (O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 (O.S. February 16), 1900.
Events
World population hits 1 billion.
March 14 - Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti is elected pope as Pius VII.
March 21 - Pius VII is ordained.
April 24 - U.S. Library of Congress founded.
May 5 - Great Britain passes the Act of Union to join Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to take effect on 1 January 1801. The act is signed by King George III in August.
May 15 - Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the Alps and invades Italy.
June 14 - Battle of Marengo, Napoleon defeats the Austrian troops near Marengo, Italy.
June 2 - First smallpox vaccination in North America, at Trinity, Newfoundland.
June 27 - Pascha Jussuf Karamanli of Tripoli declares war on Sweden by having the flagpole on the consulate chopped down.
September 5 - The island of Malta, that was occupied by the French, is conquered by British troops.
November 1 - U.S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
November 17 - The U.S. Congress holds its first Washington, DC session.
December 3 - Battle of Hohenlinden, the French army defeats the Austrian troops.
December 24 - An assault on Napoleon Bonaparte fails in Paris.
December 24 - Pierre Coudrin and Henriette Aymer de la Chevalerie found the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary in Paris.
Invention of the voltaic pile by Alessandro Volta: the first chemical battery
The infrared radiation is discovered by Wilhelm Herschel.
The Althing of Iceland, the world's oldest parliament, is abolished.
Lasse Granqvist

Lasse Granqvist, born 25 October 1957 in Solna, Sweden is Swedish a sports journalist. He was active for Sveriges Radio from August 1987 to 15 January 2013. On 1 January 2000 became active for C More Entertainment.
Flesh for Fantasy

"Flesh for Fantasy" is a 1984 song by Billy Idol. It is the third single from his second studio album Rebel Yell. It went to number 29 in the United States, number 54 in the United Kingdom, number 5 in New Zealand, number 11 in Germany and Canada, number 28 in Australia, number 24 in Italy and number 20 in Switzerland.
1993 World Trade Center bombing

The 1993 World Trade Center bombing happened on February 26, 1993 in the bottom section of the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City, United States. Six people were killed, including a woman who was 7 months pregnant. About 1,042 people were injured. The plan was to use truck bombs parked in the parking lot of the bottom of the North Tower. The main leader of the al-Qaeda cell sent to destroy the buildings hoped the explosions would cause the North Tower to collapse and hit the South Tower.
The cell's leader was Ramzi Yousef. The group wanted to destroy the building because many Jews worked in it. Their leader Osama bin Laden was disappointed to see the buildings were not destroyed, so he wanted another attack on the same building. The result would be the September 11 attacks in 2001.
KC and the Sunshine Band

KC and the Sunshine Band was a disco group, that was popular in the 1970s. They formed in Miami in 1973.
Hits are "That's the Way (I Like It)", "(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty", "Give It Up", "Get Down Tonight", and "Please Don't Go".
Litoria hunti

Litoria hunti is a tree frog from northern Papua New Guinea. The New Guineans call it "Wowo." Scientists have only seen it in Utai, which is in Sanduan Province, but they think it lives in many other places on the island of New Guinea.
The adult male frog has pads on its feet called nuptial pads. The adult male frog is 57.9-60.4 mm long from nose to rear end. It is bright green on the back and sometimes has a white stripe from its jaw to its ear. The climbing discs on its feet are white. It has vomerine teeth in its upper jaw.
Scientists could hear this frog calling from the trees 5 to 8 meters above the ground, so they think it lays eggs in pools on the forest floor. But they did not see the frogs doing this.
Abdul Hamid Mahmud

Abdul Hamid Mahmud (January 15, 1942 - January 31, 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was Regent of Malang from 1985 to 1990 and 1990 to 1995. He also was Deputy Governor of East Java for Government and Welfare from 1995 to 2000.
Mahmud died on January 31, 2021 at a hospital in Malang from heart disease, aged 79.
Nassereith

Nassereith is a municipality of the district Imst in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Enantiomer

In chemistry, an enantiomer is a special kind of isomer. It is a molecule that looks exactly like another one when viewed in a mirror. The subject of mirror-image chemicals is known as chirality.
If you try to put the two molecules on top of each other, they will not be the same (they will not superimpose). This is because they have one chiral centre. It is important that they only have one, otherwise the two molecules are called diastereoisomers.
Both enantiomers of a molecule have the same basic properties. For example, they have the same boiling point and NMR spectrum. Therefore they are difficult to separate. It is sometimes very important to separate them because in some drug molecules one enantiomer might have the right effect but the other might be dangerous. One famous example is thalidomide: one enantiomer of the molecule causes birth defects.
Difference between a chiral molecule and enantiomers
A chiral molecule is a molecule that is not superimposable on its mirror image, while enantiomers are the set (all of) the molecules which are mirror images of eachother
Molecule A and B have mirror images (A' and B' respectively). A' and B' are not superimposable on A and B, thus, both A and B are chiral molecules since their mirrors are not the same as the originals, but only [ A and A' ] and/or [ B and B' ] are enantiomers.
In other words, a chiral molecule X is chiral if its image X' is not the same, while the set of both [ X and X' ] are enantiomers.
Waiting (Green Day song)

"Waiting" is a 2001 song by punk rock band Green Day and is the third single from their sixth studio album Warning. It went to number 34 in the United Kingdom and number 26 on the Billboard Modern Rock chart. It also appeared on their greatest hits album International Superhits! in 2001.
Track listing
CD
"Waiting" (album version) - 3:13
"Macy's Day Parade" (live) - 4:26
"Basket Case" (live) - 2:49
"Waiting" (Video) - 3:23
Track 2 also available on ...Tune In, Tokyo.
Track 3 also available on Bowling Bowling Bowling Parking Parking.
Serbian Dancing Lady

The Serbian Dancing Lady, also known as The Dancing Shadow, is an urban Serbian myth featuring a mysterious lady dancing in a weird manner in the streets of Serbia at night. The myth went viral via some videos on social media in 2019 and 2023. It wasn't possible to know the truth behind the dancing lady featured in the videos.
Origin Myth:
According to the myth, a Serbian lady fell in love with a man from another village, but her love wasn't approved by her family. Her spirit is believed to haunt Serbian rural areas, and people can see her dancing and singing sad songs. According to the legend, if anyone sees her, they must go through misfortune and eventually die. The myth has been featured in numerous Serbian cultural components, including music, literature, and film.
Social media phenomenon
In February 2023, an 12 second video with an upsetting sound in the background spread fear among internet users. It showed a mysterious woman dancing in the middle of the streets of Zvezdara, Belgrade and was claimed to have been filmed from the window of a nearby house. The woman is dressed in a traditional Serbian costume, waving her hands out to the sides and moving her heels from left to right repeatedly. A few people believe that though the lady in the 2021 video was in traditional Serbian costume, the lady in 2023 was in simple trousers and a shirt. The dance pattern is thought to be similar to a Serbian folk dance named Kolo. The mystery is supposed to have started in 1998, and since then, people have claimed to have spotted the mysterious lady numerous times. She is believed to carry a knife with her and jump in front of people and cars, threatening them. According to some unverified internet blog posts by people who claim to have encountered the lady, the lady claims herself to be the "ambassador of death" and she needs lives for an ancient ritual to resurrect the king of Serbia. Several videos have been spread on the internet claiming that the posters actually spotted the mysterious lady, and all of them captured her from behind. The 2023 video was claimed to have been filmed near a city hospital, and the elderly lady was allegedly mentally ill.
The 2023 video featuring the Serbian dancing lady on TikTok received over 105.3 million views and over 6.4 million likes. Later, it went viral on Twitter as well. The debate on whether the video is true or not is thought to be the reason it became popular.
According to some unverified rumors, the lady in the 2023 video has been arrested, while others argue that she was never found despite extensive investigation by the authorities.
Pump and dump

"Pump and dump" (P&D) is a form of security fraud that involves artificially inflating the price of an owned stock through false and misleading positive statements, in order to sell the cheaply purchased stock at a higher price.
Financial crimes
Stock market
Anika Noni Rose

Anika Noni Rose (born September 6, 1972) is an American singer and actress. She is best known for her Tony Award-winning role in the Broadway production of Caroline, or Change. She is also known for her starring roles in movies such as Dreamgirls (2006), The Princess and the Frog (2009) and For Colored Girls (2010).
Rose was born in Bloomfield, Connecticut.
Hornwort

Hornworts are a type of bryophytes. They are non-vascular plants which do not have tissue that moves water. The name "hornwort" come from the horn-like structure that grows on these plants. This structure is the sporophyte. The flattened, green part of a hornwort is the gametophyte.
Like all bryophytes, hornworts have alternation of generations. In this cycle, the plant has two forms: the haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte. The gametophyte is the green plant body that you most often see. The sporophyte is the "horn" that sheds spores.
Hornworts grow all over the world. They grow well where it is damp or humid. Some species grow in large numbers as tiny weeds in the soil of gardens and cultivated fields. Some tropical species may be found growing on tree bark.
The taxonomy of bryophytes is being debated. Some think the hornworts should be placed in a separate division, the Anthocerotophyta.
Histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand

The Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand () is the second-most senior minister in the Government of New Zealand, although this seniority does not necessarily translate into power. The office was created as a ministerial portfolio in 1954. The officeholder usually deputises for the prime minister at official functions.
The current Deputy Prime Minister is Carmel Sepuloni since 2023.
List of deputy prime ministers of New Zealand
Key
Living former deputy prime ministers
As of , there are nine living former New Zealand deputy prime ministers, as seen below. The most recent Deputy Prime Minister to die was Michael Cullen (served 2002-2008), on 19 August 2021, aged 76.
Henry Sobel

Henry Isaac Sobel (9 January 1944 - 22 November 2019) was a Portuguese-born Brazilian-American reform rabbi. He was president of the Congregacao Israelita Paulista (CIP), a major Jewish congregation in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
On March 23, 2007, Sobel was arrested in Palm Beach, Florida, accused of shoplifting US$680 worth of neckties. He was released on a $3,000 bail and returned to Sao Paulo.
Sobel died of lung cancer on 22 November 2019 in Miami, Florida at the age of 75.
Spring scale

A spring scale is a weighing scale used to measure weight or force, such as the force of gravity, the strength of a person's grip or the power of a vehicle. Inside a spring scale is a spring.
Cyclone Tauktae

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tauktae () was a powerful Arabian Sea tropical cyclone that became the strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall in the Indian state of Gujarat since the 1998 Gujarat cyclone and one of the strongest tropical cyclones to ever affect the West Coast of India.
The cyclone made landfall in Gujarat the same day as India recorded its, at the time, highest single-day COVID death toll, with 4,329 deaths reported.
Tauktae resulted in at least 82 deaths in India, and left another 81 people missing.
Geiselwind

Geiselwind is a market town in Lower Franconia (Bavaria) in Kitzingen in Germany. It has a population of around 2,300.
Geography
Place
Geiselwind is in the region of Lower Franconia (Wurzburg). Until administrative reform Geiselwind belonged to the region of Middle Franconia. On the edge of the municipal area is the Dreifrankenstein ("Three Franconia Stone"), where the regions of Lower Franconia and Middle Franconia and Upper Franconia meet.
Subdivision
Geiselwind has the following Ortsteile: Burggrub, Durrnbuch, Ebersbrunn, Futtersee, Geiselwind, Grafenneuses, Holzberndorf, Ilmenau, Langenberg, Rehweiler, Wasserberndorf and Freihaslach.
Townshend Acts

The Townshend Duties, formally known as the Townshend Acts, was a tax passed by the British. It was named for Charles Townshend, who was the British Prime Minister at the time. He spearheaded the acts, but he died before the detrimental effects were clear. In 1776, he was hanged in effigy, which means a doll was made to represent him and it was hanged in the town square in Boston. It taxed all imported goods. E.g tea, food, anything that was imported. Townshend wanted the duties to make sure the colonists knew that they were under British rule. The acts were resisted in the Thirteen Colonies.
Goedereede

Goedereede is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. Since 2013, it has been part of the new municipality of Goeree-Overflakkee.
Anemoi

In Greek mythology, the Anemoi ( - "winds") are the gods of the four winds -- Boreas (the north wind), Notus (the south), Eurus (the east), and Zephryus (the west). They were the sons of Eos, goddess of the dawn, and Astraeus. They were each associated with a particular season and its weather conditions. In the form of horses they drew the chariot of Zeus.
Mythology
Boreas
Boreas (, Boreas) was the god of the north wind and bringer of cold winter air. He was married to the Athenian princess Orithyia, with whom he had two sons, Zethes and Calais, and one daughter, Khione, the goddess of snow. His Roman equivalent is Aquilo.
Zephyrus
Zephyrus (, Zephyros), sometimes known in English as just Zephyr, was the god of the west wind who brought rain and early summer breezes. He was the gentlest of the winds, and the one most prominently featured in Greek myth. Favonius is his Roman equivalent.
Notus
Notus (, Notos) was the god of the south wind. He brought late summer and autumn storms and was feared as a destroyer of crops. His Roman equivalent is Auster.
Eurus
Eurus (, Euros) was the god of the east wind, and was believed to be a bringer of bad luck. Vulturnus is his Roman counterpart.
Wickenby

Wickenby is a village and civil parish in West Lindsey, Lincolnshire, England. In 2001 there were 217 people living in Wickenby.
NBC Blue Network

NBC Blue Network was a television network was launched in 1927 by Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and National Broadcasting Company (NBC). In 1945, NBC Blue Network changed its name to American Broadcasting Company (ABC).
Elena Flerova

Elena Nikolaevna Fljorova (; 19 December 1943 - 30 June 2020) was a Soviet and Russian artist. She was a member of the Artists' Union of the USSR since 1977 and became Honorary member of the Russian Academy of Arts in 2007.
She died on 30 June 2020.
Multiplication table

A multiplication table is a tool used to learn how to multiply two numbers. The oldest known multiplication tables were written by the Babylonians about 4000 years ago. Many people think it is important to know how to multiply two numbers by heart, usually up to 12 x 12, 30 x 30, 50 x 50, or 100 x 100.
Most children are introduced to the two, five and 10 times tables by year two - at the age of six and seven. Between the age of seven and eight, children start to learn the three, four and eight times tables. The hardest multiplication is 6x8, which students got wrong 63% of the time. This was closely followed by 8x6, then 11x12, 12x8 and 8x12. The easiest multiplication, on the other hand, was 1x12, which students got wrong less than 5% of the time, followed by 1x6 and 9x1.
In a multiplication table, a number on the first column is multiplied by a number on the first row. The number they corner up to is the answer. In the table below, 21 and 18 are multiplied to get 378, using the table. The numbers in bold are squares (numbers multiplied by themselves).
Warring States decimal multiplication table
A group of 21 strips of bamboo from 305 BC from the Warring States period is the world's oldest known decimal multiplication table.
Examples
The traditional form of multiplication tables are written in columns with complete number sentences, instead of the standard modern grid. This form is also taught in the schools. Some examples of traditional form of multiplication tables are multiplication tables of 6 and 7 given below.
Other operations
Addition and Division can also have their own tables. Similarly, Subtraction can also have its own table, although it is not commonly used.
In mathematics, a division table, like multiplication table, is a mathematical table used to define a division operation for an algebraic system, or to obtain the solution to a certain equation. The division symbol / is used in the division table, known as the obelus. It was first used to signify division in 1659. Mathematicians however, almost never use the / symbol for division. Instead they use fraction notation, called the vinculum. Division tables are used for finding the Quotient in the Long division.
Moyenneville

Moyenneville is the name of three communes in France:
Moyenneville, Oise
Moyenneville, Pas-de-Calais
Moyenneville, Somme
Donald Crisp

Donald Crisp (born George William Crisp, 27 July 188225 May 1974) was an English-born American actor, director, producer and screenwriter. He began his career as a silent movie actor. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1942 for his role in How Green Was My Valley.
Alec Crikis

Alec Crikis was a sports shooter from Australia. Alec competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 22 December 1944 and died on 10 April 2016.
Beylik

Beylik is a Turkish word for a usually small, Muslim Principality ruled by a chieftain (Bey).
Roquecourbe-Minervois

Roquecourbe-Minervois is a commune of 132 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Rafael Pereira da Silva

Rafael Pereira da Silva (born 9 July 1990) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Manchester United.
Norio Ohga

, also spelled Oga and Ogha, was a Japanese businessman and former president and chairman of Sony Corporation.
Early life
Ohga was born in Numazu, Shizuoka. He studied at Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music. He graduated in 1953.
Career
He was made the president of Sony in 1982, and the CEO of Sony in 1989. He is credited with the development of the audio compact disc.
Honors
Medal of Honor, Japan, 1988.
Order of the Sacred Treasure, Japan, 2001.
Legion d'Honeur, France.
Paradise Island

Paradise Island is an island in the Bahamas. The island is just north of the island of New Providence, Bahamas. There are two bridges connecting the two islands. One was built in 1999 and the other one was built in the late 1990s.
Description
Paradise Island (and all of the Bahamas) is known for its sandy white beaches and all year round warm climate. The island is also is known for Atlantis, a hotel and casino.
Movies
Paradise Island is a hot spot for filming movies. The Beatles film Help! and James Bond movie Casino Royale are only some of the movies filmed on Paradise Island.
Displacement (ship)

Displacement or displacement tonnage is the weight of water that a ship pushes aside when it is floating, which in turn is the weight of a ship (and its contents). It is usually applied to naval vessels rather than commercial ones, and is measured when the ship's fuel tanks are full and all stores are aboard. Merchant vessels use other measures such as net tonnage, gross tonnage, or deadweight tonnage.
Flag of Montana

The state flag of Montana was adopted in 1981.
The Advocate (Tasmania)

The Advocate is a newspaper that is printed in northwest Tasmania. Tasmania is a state of Australia. It is read by people in northwest Tasmanian towns such as Burnie, Ulverstone, Devonport, Penguin, Wynyard, Latrobe and Smithton. Since 2008 it is owned by Fairfax Media.
History
On October 1, 1890, Robert Harris and his sons, Robert and Charles, printed the first issue of The Wellington Times. This was Burnie's first newspaper. Burnie is a major town in northwest Tasmania.
The Wellington Times was named after the county in which Burnie and Emu Bay were located. It was first published only on Wednesdays and Saturdays. There were about 2000 copies printed.
The original Burnie Wellington Times office in 1890 was in Cattley Street. Ten people worked there. In 1892, The Wellington Times was printed three times a week, on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. On November 2, 1897, the name was changed to The Emu Bay Times.
The success of the newspaper encouraged the owners to add operations in Devonport. On January 4, 1899 The North Western Advocate and Agricultural and a Mining Gazette was produced.
The separate publication of the two newspapers lasted only 11 months. On November 13, 1899 the two newspapers were joined to become a daily newspaper called The North Western Advocate and The Emu Bay Times.
In 1902, a new building had been built in Mount Street, Burnie, at the present (2010) site. Then there were 26 people working there. In the last decade of the 19th century, the northwest and west coast had a number of daily newspapers. By 1920, The Advocate was the only one left.
In the 1950s, The Advocate was one of the first daily newspapers in Australia to use colour in advertisements. In 1968, it was the first daily newspaper in Australia to be printed on a web-offset press. Over the three years from 1993 to 1996, The Advocate began a technology development programme that resulted in computer based full-page negative output on October 1, 1996.
In 2004, The Advocate became the third largest regional daily newspaper of Rural Press. That ended the involvement of the Harris family for the first time since it began.
In 2008, Rural Press became part of Fairfax Media, one of Australia's largest media businesses. The Advocate was the only daily newspaper covering all areas of northwest and western Tasmania.
Sakis Rouvas

Anastasios "Sakis" Rouvas (b. January 5, 1972) is a Greek pop/rock singer, dancer, songwriter, record producer and actor. He also was a pole vaulter for a time. He is one of the most successful artists of all time in Greece and Cyprus. Rouvas with sales of two million albums. Rouvas was one of the first pop singers and stage performers in Greece. He made music genres of the western world popular. He is known as a sex symbol for his sexualized stage shows and music videos and for having a very large fan base. His personal life is also widely reported. Rouvas has been a large pop culture icon for nearly two decades.
Rouvas has won many Hellenic Music/Arion Awards, MAD Video Music Awards, and a World Music Award as well as many other awards. He represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 with the song "Shake It". He won third place. He was also in Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "This Is Our Night". This time he placed 7th. Rouvad hosted the 2006 contest in Athens. Rouvas has made 14 albums, starred in five movies and hosted many television events.
Don (honorific)

Don (; ; , from Latin ), abbreviated as D., is an honorific prefix used in Spain and the former Spanish Empire, Croatia, Italy, and Portugal and its former colonies.
Don, and dom, is came from the Latin Dominus: the most important member of a household, a title used during the Roman Republic in classical antiquity.
Ultimate Fighting Championship

The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is a U.S.-based mixed martial arts (MMA) organization, which is currently the largest MMA promotion in the world. The UFC's President is Dana White, who has been the President of the company since it was purchased by his friends the Fertitta brothers for $2 million in 2001. It was eventually sold by the Fertitta brothers for over $4 billion dollars in 2016, to its current owners Zuffa, LLC.
The UFC is headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Owen Wilson

Owen Cunningham Wilson (born November 18, 1968) is an Academy Award-nominated American actor, comedian, producer and screenwriter.
Early life
Wilson was born in Dallas, to photographer Laura (Cunningham) Wilson and Robert Andrew Wilson. He has an older brother, Andrew, and a younger brother, Luke. Both brothers are also involved in movie making.
Wilson went to the University of Texas at Austin. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English.
Personal life
The Sheryl Crow album C'mon C'mon has the song "Safe and Sound". The liner notes say it is about Wilson and Crow's relationship.
On August 26, 2007, Wilson was taken to St. John's Health Center. It was reported as a suicide attempt. He was later moved to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. His lawyer later said that Wilson had depression. A few days later, Wilson withdrew from starring in Tropic Thunder.
He dated Kate Hudson in 2006. The pair broke up. It was widely reported that he tried to commit suicide in 2007 after the relationship with Hudson ended. In 2008, it was reported the pair were to marry. However the two would again break up and make up a number of times over 2008 and 2009.
On January 10, 2011, Wilson's representative said that Wilson and his girlfriend, Jade Duell, were expecting a baby. Just four days later, on January 14, it was Duell gave birth in Hawaii to a baby boy, Robert Ford Wilson.
Wilson is a fan of several Dallas-area professional sports teams. He has been spotted at Dallas Cowboys, Dallas Mavericks and Texas Rangers games. He is also a supporter of the English football team Chelsea F.C..
Wilson's bumped nose is because he broke it twice. Once was during a high school fight, and once playing football with friends.
Cocculus carolinus

Cocculus carolinus otherwise known as Carolina Coralbead, Redberry Moonseed or the Carolina snailseed. It is indigenous to several states along the South to Midwest. It gets its name from the bright red color of the marble like berry that protrudes from the leaves of the plant.
Description
The Carolina Coralbead is a deciduous, woody vine that can twines along the trunks of several trees or along the ground. It occurs in timberline areas, rocky woods, glades, fence rows and ponds. Carolina Coralbead can grow 10-12 ft (3-3.6 m) and usually spaced within 3-4 ft (90-120 cm) of one another. If ingested in large amounts, the berry on Cocculus carolinus can be poisonous, but the overall toxicity of its berries do not prove to be fatal. In areas in Little Rock, Arkansas, the Carolina Coralbead is referred to as an invasive weed system which seedlings have been spread by birds. Once a root system has been established, it is hard to remove the plant, so planting in new areas has been a point of concern for this plant. The best ornamental features of the plant are its foliage and its attractive red berries in fall. Cocculus carolinus can grow in temperatures between from -3.8 degC (25 degF) to -28.8 degC (-20 degF). Its leaves are covered in short hairs and should not be confused with the species Smilax bona-nox,which has tendrils and prickles.
Distribution
The Carolina Coralbead has been reported in the following states of Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. Locations of the plant range from opening of forests, to the beginning of streams.
Cultivation
The flowers are small and plentiful. At a young age, Carolina Coralbead appear greenish. Bloom time for the plant is in late spring and mature by late summer. They grow in tight abundant amounts of bright red berries. By using its scarlet fruits for aesthetic effects, landscapers allow it to be grown on trellises, fences or let naturally flourish through other weeds and shrubs. The berries should not be eaten by people but are eaten by a large number of birds. Each fruit has a single seed that resembles a small snail shell which is protected by the hard endocarp, also known as the inner section of the ovary wall.
Mike Flood

Michael John Flood (born February 23, 1975) is an American attorney, businessman, and politician. Flood is a member of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska's 1st congressional district since 2022. He was a member of the Nebraska Legislature from 2021 to 2022 and from 2005 until 2013. He was speaker of the Legislature from 2007 to 2013. He ran for Governor of Nebraska in 2014.
In January 2022, Flood announced his candidacy for the United States House of Representatives to represent Nebraska's 1st congressional district. He won the special election in June 2022.
London Business School

London Business School also known as LBS is a higher education institution in London.
It is a business school of the University of London, established in 1964. Starting from the 2010 graduation, it issues its own diploma, until this period a diploma from the University of London was issued. The school offers a full program of study in the MBA (Master of Business Administration) program, as well as doctoral and many other programs for further education and education, including: the world's first Masters in Finance program (since 1993, and in 2011 the MiF program was recognized Financial Times No. 1 in the world), Masters in Management, Executive MBA, Sloan, etc.
The school is in first place in the list of world business schools, published in the global list of the Financial Times (Financial Times Global MBA Rankings 2010).
Stranraer F.C.

Stranraer F.C. is a football club which plays in Scotland.
Australasian strewnfield

The Australasian strewnfield is the youngest and largest of the tektite strewnfields. Recent estimates suggest it may cover 10%30% of the Earth's surface. Tektites are gravel-sized bodies composed of black, green, brown, or grey natural glass. They are formed from terrestrial debris ejected by meteorite impacts.
The strewnfield is about c. 790,000-year-old. It includes most of Southeast Asia (Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Southern China). The material from the impact stretches across the ocean to include the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Java. It also reaches far west out into the Indian Ocean, and south to Australia and Tasmania. Since the 1960s, it has been accepted that the strewn field included Hainan in southern China to Australia or about 10% of the Earth's surface. This was later extended by finds in Africa and Tasmania to 20%. Recent additional finds in northern Tibet and Guangxi increased the strewnfield to about 30% of the Earth's surface, or almost 150 million km2, or about the size of the entire world's landmass.
The glass comes from the melting of local rocks due to the impact of a large meteorite. The assumed source is a 1.2-kilometer-wide topographic depression in Tasmania known as Darwin Crater. The crater is filled with 230 metres of sediments and breccia. A crater of that size would be caused by a meteorite 20 to 50 metres in diameter.