kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
São José

There are a lot parishes that have the name Sao Jose (Portuguese for Saint Joseph):
In Europe
In the Azores
Sao Jose, a parish in the municipality of Ponta Delgada
In Portugal
Sao Jose, a parish in the municipality of Lisbon
Sao Jose, a parish in the municipality of Viseu
In South America
In Brazil
Sao Jose, Santa Catarina
Sao Jose do Alegre, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose dos Ausentes, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose da Barra, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose do Barreiro, Sao Paulo
Sao Jose dos Basilios, Maranhao
Sao Jose da Bela Vista, Sao Paulo
Sao Jose do Belmonte, Pernambuco
Sao Jose da Boa Vista, Parana
Sao Jose do Bonfim, Paraiba
Sao Jose do Brejo do Cruz, Paraiba
Sao Jose de Caiana, Paraiba
Sao Jose do Calcado, Espirito Santo
Sao Jose do Campestre, Rio Grande do Norte
Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo
Sao Jose do Cedro, Santa Catarina
Sao Jose do Cerrito, Santa Catarina
Sao Jose dos Cordeiros, Paraiba
Sao Jose da Coroa Grande, Pernambuco
Sao Jose do Divino, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose do Divino, Piaui
Sao Jose do Egito, Pernambuco
Sao Jose de Espinharas, Paraiba
Sao Jose do Goiabal, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose do Herval, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose do Hortencio, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose do Inhacora, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose do Jacuipe, Bahia
Sao Jose do Jacuri, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose da Lagoa Tapada, Paraiba
Sao Jose da Laje, Alagoas
Sao Jose da Lapa, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose do Mantimento, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose de Mipibu, Rio Grande do Norte
Sao Jose das Missoes, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose do Ouro, Rio Grande do Sul
Sao Jose das Palmeiras, Parana
Sao Jose do Peixe, Piaui
Sao Jose do Piaui, Piaui
Sao Jose dos Pinhais, Parana
Sao Jose de Piranhas, Paraiba
Sao Jose do Povo, Mato Grosso
Sao Jose de Princesa, Paraiba
Sao Jose dos Quatro Marcos, Mato Grosso
Sao Jose dos Ramos, Paraiba
Sao Jose de Ribamar, Maranhao
Sao Jose do Rio Claro, Mato Grosso
Sao Jose do Rio Pardo, Sao Paulo
Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo
Sao Jose do Sabugi, Paraiba
Sao Jose da Safira, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose do Serido, Rio Grande do Norte
Sao Jose da Tapera, Alagoas
Sao Jose de Uba, Rio de Janeiro
Sao Jose do Vale do Rio Preto, Rio de Janeiro
Sao Jose da Varginha, Minas Gerais
Sao Jose da Vitoria, Bahia
Sao Jose do Xingu, Mato Grosso
Sports
Sao Jose Esporte Clube, a Brazilian football club.
Esporte Clube Sao Jose, a Brazilian football club.
Sociedade Esportiva e Recreativa Sao Jose, a Brazilian football club.
Other
The Sao Jose, a Portuguese shipwreck off Mozambique that sunk on July 23, 1622. The ship belonged to the flotilla that brought Francisco da Gama to Goa for his second term (1622-1628) as Vice-Roy of Portuguese India.
Plant cell

Like all organisms, plants have cells. Plant cells have a nucleus with chromosomes and DNA, and they have mitochondria. Those are common to all eukaryotic cells. But in some ways they are different from animal cells and the cells of other eukaryotes.
They have cell walls composed of cellulose and some other compounds. Pectin, and sometimes lignin, is secreted on the outside of the cell membrane. This is different from the cell walls of fungi (which are made of chitin), and of bacteria (which are made of peptidoglycan). The cell wall gives the cell a definite shape.
There are special cell-to-cell communication pathways known as plasmodesmata. These are pores in the cell wall through which the cell content of adjacent cells (including endoplasmic reticulum) are continuous.
They have plastids. The most notable are the chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll. This green-colored pigment absorbs sunlight, and allows the plant to make its own food by photosynthesis. Other types of plastids are the amyloplasts, which store starch, elaioplasts for fat storage, and chromoplasts for making and storing pigments. Like mitochondria, plastids have their own genomes of about 100-120 unique genes. It is thought they started as prokaryotic endosymbionts living in the cells of an early eukaryotic ancestor of the land plants and algae.
They have a large central vacuole, a water-filled volume enclosed by a membrane. The vacuole keeps the cell's turgor (stiffness), controls movement of molecules between the cytosol and sap, stores useful material and digests waste proteins and organelles.
Cell division by construction of a 'cell plate' late in cytokinesis is characteristic of land plants and a few groups of algae.
The sperm of bryophytes and pteridophytes, cycads and Ginkgo have flagella similar to those in animals. However, higher plants (including gymnosperms and flowering plants) lack the flagella and centrioles that are present in animal cells.
Victor Buono

Victor Charles Buono (February 3, 1938January 1, 1982) was an American actor, comedian and recording artist. He was known for playing the villain King Tut in the television series Batman (1966-1968) and musician Edwin Flagg in What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He was secretly gay.
Buono died on January 1, 1982 in Apple Valley, California of a heart attack, aged 43.
Hilario Davide Jr.

Hilario Gelbolingo Davide Jr., GCSS, (born December 20, 1935) is a former successful Ambassador/Permanent Representative of the Permanent Mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United Nations in New York City.
He was the 20th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines and head of the Judicial Branch of government from November 1998 to December 2005. As the highest judicial officer, he presided over the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
On June 30, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III announced that Davide will head a truth commission that will investigate important issues in the country.
Xochitl Torres Small

Xochitl Liana Torres Small (first name pronounced ; born November 15, 1984) is an American lawyer and politician who is the U.S. Deputy Secretary of Agriculture since 2023. She was the U.S. Representative for from 2019 until 2021.
She lost her 2020 re-election bid by Republican Yvette Herrell in a rematch of the 2018 congressional race.
On June 18, 2021, it was announced that President Joe Biden would nominate Torres Small as Under Secretary for Rural Development at the United States Department of Agriculture. She was confirmed by voice vote on October 7, 2021.
On February 15, 2023, President Biden announced his plan to nominate Torres Small for United States deputy secretary of agriculture. She was confirmed on July 11 in a 84-8 vote.
Of Love and Shadows

Of Love and Shadows, also known as De amor y de sombra, is a 1994 Chilean Argentine American romantic drama movie directed by Betty Kaplan and based on the 1984 novel of the same name by Isabel Allende. It stars Antonio Banderas, Jennifer Connelly, Stefania Sandrelli, Patricio Contreras, Jorge Rivera Lopez and was distributed by Miramax Films.
Stephen Jay Gould

Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, taxonomist, and historian of science.
He was also one of the most influential and widely read writers of popular science of his generation.
Gould spent most of his career teaching at Harvard University and working at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. In the latter years of his life, Gould also taught biology and evolution at New York University near his home in SoHo.
Gould's greatest contribution to science was the theory of punctuated equilibrium, which he developed with Niles Eldredge in 1972. The theory proposes that most evolution is marked by long periods of evolutionary stability, which is punctuated by rare instances of branching evolution. The theory was contrasted against the idea that evolutionary change is marked by a pattern of smooth and continuous change in the fossil record.
Most of Gould's empirical research was based on the snail genera Poecilozonites and Cerion. He also contributed to evolutionary developmental biology, and has received wide praise for his book Ontogeny and Phylogeny. In evolutionary theory he opposed strict selectionism, sociobiology as applied to humans, and evolutionary psychology. He campaigned against creationism.
Many of Gould's Natural History essays were reprinted in collected volumes.
Rhacophorus bifasciatus

Rhacophorus bifasciatus is a frog. It lives in Indonesia. People have seen it on Mount Kerinci, between 1200 and 2200 meters above sea level.
Nasry Asfura

Nasry Juan Asfura Zablah (born 8 June 1958), also known as Tito Asfura, is a Honduran politician. He served as a deputy of the National Congress of Honduras. He was mayor of his nation's capital of Tegucigalpa from 2014 to 2022. He unsuccessfully ran for President of Honduras in the 2021 election.
South Park (season 4)

The fourth season of South Park, an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone. It began airing on November 1, 2000. The fourth season ended after airing 17 episodes on April 1, 2001.
Mike Dean (referee)

Michael "Mike" Dean is a English former professional referee who is currently a video assistant referee primarily in the Premier League. He is based in Heswall, Wirral, and is a member of the Cheshire County Football Association.
Since his appointment as a Select Group referee in 2000, Dean has officiated a number of notable matches, including the FA Community Shield and the finals of the FA Cup, Football League Cup and FA Trophy.
Leo von Caprivi

Georg Leo von Caprivi, later Georg Leo Graf von Caprivi de Caprara de Montecuccoli (), (24 February 1831-6 February 1899) was a German major general and politician, who succeeded Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor of Germany. Caprivi was German Chancellor from March 1890 to October 1894.
Biography
Born in Charlottenburg, Berlin to a family of Italian and Slovenian origin, Caprivi joined the army in 1849 and fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 and the Franco-Prussian War in 1870.
He liked Bismarck, and once said "What jackass would dare to succeed Bismarck?". Kaiser Wilhelm II was arguing with Bismarck about changes to the government. In February 1890 the Kaiser told Caprivi to come back to Berlin. Caprivi was told that he would take over from Bismarck if Bismarck did not do what the Kaiser wanted. Caprivi became chancellor on 18 March 1890.
Caprivi's government was friendlier to the Social Democrats and to the United Kingdom. The Zanzibar treaty of July 1890, meant Germany gave control of Zanzibar, an island near German East Africa to Britain in return for the island of Heligoland in the North Sea . Caprivi also got the Caprivi Strip added to German South West Africa. This is a narrow strip of land that links German South West Africa (now called Namibia), to the Zambezi River.
In 1892 Caprivi resigned as Prussian Minister President and was replaced by Count Botho zu Eulenburg. Prussia was so powerful in the German Empire that having different people as Imperial Chancellor and Minister President made it hard to govern the country. Caprivi and Eulenburg were dismissed in 1894 and Prince Chlodwig of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfurst took both jobs.
Lucid dream

A lucid dream is essentially a dream in which the person is aware that he or she is in the dream. In a lucid dream, the person does not have to be in control of his or her surroundings for the dream to be lucid, and only being aware of the dream itself is sufficient condition for the dream to be described as lucid.
The art of lucid dreaming is the art of being able to control your surroundings in the dream itself. People who lucid dream can usually control everything that happens in their dream. They can teleport, fly, make something appear, or even make everything disappear. Regular lucid dreamers usually do so for spiritual reasons but there certainly are people who do it for fun or to avoid bad dreams.
Ways to lucid dream
Although some people can have lucid dreams without trying, most people do not have them often. It is important to be able to remember dreams, because if the dreamer does not remember them, he or she will not know if they were lucid dreams or not. Remembering dreams becomes easier if they are written in a dream diary upon waking up.
There are some ways that help make lucid dreams more likely. Stephen LaBerge, a psychologist who studies lucid dreams, made the MILD (mnemonic induction of lucid dreaming) technique. To do this, the dreamer must wake up after having a dream, and visualise himself or herself being in the dream again, except now knowing it is a dream. The dreamer should think "the next time I am dreaming, I want to remember I am dreaming", and should concentrate on this while returning to sleep. There are many other ways to help someone lucid dream. One other way is to fall asleep while keeping the mind awake. This is called the WILD (wake induced lucid dreaming) technique. It is easiest to perform after waking up from a few hours of sleep.
Ocoee, Florida

Ocoee is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Orange County.
Joleon Lescott

Joleon Patrick Lescott (born 16 August 1982) is an ex-English footballer who played for Manchester City and the England national football team. He was a defender who could play on the left or in the centre.
Lescott was born in Birmingham. At 17 he began playing for the Wolverhampton Wanderers. In 2006 he was named in the Championship team of the season. He also got the Wolves' Player of the Year award.
Lescott was sold to Everton at the start of the 2006-07 season. On 8 May 2008, Lescott was voted Everton's Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year.
Following the end of the 2008-09 season, Manchester City tried to sign Lescott. Everton said no. On 11 August 2009, Lescott asked to move to Manchester City. Again Everton said no. The manager said Lescott had a "bad attitude" and did not have him play. Then on 25 August 2009 he was traded to Manchester City. Fans in Everton are now angry at Lescott for leaving. They boo when he takes the field.
On 13 May 2012 Lescott helped Man City win their first premiership title in 44 years.
Caravan (newspaper)

Caravan (Russian and Kazahk: Karavan) is a Kazakhstani Russian-language newspaper published in Almaty. It is a weekly paper. Caravan was founded in 1991. It focuses on the social, political and economic life of Kazakhstan. The circulation is 225,000 copies. The newspaper has won several prizes.
Bigfoot Presents: Meteor and the Mighty Monster Trucks

Bigfoot Presents: Meteor and the Mighty Monster Trucks is a Canadian-American computer-animated television series. It was first broadcast on Discovery Kids on September 23, 2006. The series was made by Nelvana Endgame Entertainment, CCI Entertainment, Big Bang Digital Studios, Brandissimo! and Discovery Kids.
Lez-Fontaine

Lez-Fontaine is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 225 people lived there.
Carlos Jorge Neto Martins

Carlos Jorge Neto Martins (born 29 April 1982) is a Portuguese football player. He plays for Benfica.
Laura Bush

Laura Lane Bush (nee Welch; born November 4, 1946) is an American teacher, librarian, memoirist, and author who was the first lady of the United States from 2001 to 2009, as the wife of President George W. Bush. She was also the first lady of Texas from 1995 to 2000 when her husband was governor of the state.
Bush was born at Midland Memorial Hospital in Midland, Texas. She is the only child of Harold Bruce Welch and Jenna Louise Hawkins. Laura and George met and married in 1977. She is the mother of Barbara Pierce Bush and Jenna Bush Hager who were born in 1981. Before she became First Lady she worked as a librarian and a school teacher in Dallas and Austin, Texas.
Prince George of Wales

Prince George of Wales (or George Alexander Louis; born 22 July 2013) is the son of William, Prince of Wales and of Catherine, Princess of Wales. He is second in line to succeed his grandfather King Charles III to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, as well as the other 15 Commonwealth realms, following his father.
Michele Bachmann

Michele Marie (nee Amble) Bachmann (born April 6, 1956) is a Republican politician and activist. Since 2007 she has been a United States Congresswoman from Minnesota.
Early life and career
She was born in Waterloo, Iowa but grew up in Anoka, Minnesota. At age 16 she became a born again Christian. In 1974 she spent a summer on a Kibbutz near Beer Sheva, Israel. She went to college at Winona State University. In the 1980s and 90s, she was a tax attorney. She was also a pro-life advocate. She served in the Minnesota State Senate from 2001 to 2007. Since 2007, she has been a U.S. Congresswoman from Minnesota's 6th district. Bachmann is one of the leaders of the Tea Party movement in Congress. She started the Congressional Tea Party Caucus. She has often been critical of President Obama, who she considers anti-American. Bachmann has been critical of the American education system, in part because it teaches evolution. Bachmann also does not believe in global warming. In June 2012, she said that she was running for President of the United States.
Personal information
She is married to Marcus Bachmann. They live in Stillwater, Minnesota where they run a mental health care practice with 42 employees. They have five children and 23 foster children.
Subotica

Subotica ( ) is a city in northern Serbia. It is in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. It is the northern most city in Serbia.
Donald H. Clausen

Donald Holst "Don" Clausen (April 27, 1923 - February 7, 2015) is a former U.S. Representative from California. He served in the office for twenty years from 1963 through 1983. Clausen was a member of the Republican Party.
Clausen died on January 7, 2015 in Fortuna, California, aged 91.
Dave Matthews Band

Dave Matthews Band (DMB) is a band from the United States. In 1991, Dave Matthews started the band in Charlottesville, Virginia. The other band members are Stefan Lessard, Boyd Tinsley, and Carter Beauford. Saxophone player LeRoi Moore was in the band until he died in 2008. Since 1998, they usually performed with Butch Taylor, too. Rashawn Ross also performed with the band from 2006-2007. Dave Matthews Band has written 235 songs (included cover songs). They have sold over 31 million albums in the United States, and are one of the Top 100 Highest Selling Music Acts of all time. The Dave Matthews band has a unique style that stretches across many genres. Thus, they have a fan-base that stretches across many generations and types of people.
Chicago River incident
In August 2004, about 800 pounds of human waste was dumped from the band's tour bus into the Chicago River and onto passengers aboard a sightseeing boat below. The band donated $50,000 to the Friends of the Chicago River and $50,000 to the Chicago Park District as part of the legal settlement.
1137

1137 was a common year.
Events
Louis VII becomes King of France and marries Eleanor of Aquitaine
Rochester Cathedral is hurt by a fire, but is soon rebuilt.
Barbara Luddy

Barbara Luddy (May 25, 1908 - April 11, 1979) was an American actress.
Biography
Luddy was born in Great Falls, Montana to Will and Molly Luddy.
Personal life
Luddy married to R. Ned LeFevre and had two children Barbara and Chris LeFevre.
Lõpe, Hiiu County

Lope is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Brancourt-en-Laonnois

Brancourt-en-Laonnois is a commune. It is found in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in the north of France.
City Municipality of Novo Mesto

The City Municipality of Novo Mesto (; ) is a municipality in southeastern Slovenia, close to the border with Croatia. The seat of the municipality is the city of Novo Mesto.
Anthracite iron

Anthracite iron is iron smelted using anthracite coal, and is a form of pig iron. Anthracite Iron aided the industrial revolution by allowing iron production to skyrocket.
Creation of the Process
Charcoal prices rose so it was more expensive to create iron. So anthracite was used instead.
Tottori Prefecture

is a Japanese prefecture in the Chugoku region of the island of Honshu. The capital is the city of Tottori. It is the least populous prefecture in Japan.
History
Before the Meiji Restoration, Tottori encompassed the old provinces of Hoki and Inaba.
Geography
The northern coastline of Tottori faces the Sea of Japan. Its eastern border meets Hyogo Prefecture. The southern border meets Okayama Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture. The western border meets Shimane Prefecture.
Cities
Four cities are located in Tottori Prefecture:
Kurayoshi
Sakaiminato
Tottori (capital)
Yonago
National Parks
National Parks are established in about 14% of the total land area of the prefecture.
Shrines and Temples
Ubi jinju and Shitori jinja are the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.
Asian Canoeing Championships

The Asian Canoeing Championship is a canoeing championship. It is organised by the Asian Canoe Confederation for competitors from the Asian countries. From 1985 to 2003 Touring Events also was held. First Asian Junior Canoeing Championship was held in 1999.
Whitney Port

Whitney Eve Port (born March 4, 1985) is an American television personality, fashion designer and writer of books. She was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. She attended Crossroads School in Santa Monica. In 2006, Port became famous when she appeared on the reality series The Hills on MTV.
De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da

"De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" is a 1980 song by The Police. It is the second single from their third studio album, Zenyatta Mondatta. It went to number 2 in Ireland and Spain, number 4 in South Africa, number 5 in the United Kingdom and Canada, number 6 in Australia, number 8 in New Zealand and number 10 in the United States.
Track listing
7-inch - A&M / AMS 9110 (UK)
"De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" - 4:09
"A Sermon" - 2:34
7-inch - A&M / AM 2275 (US)
"De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" - 4:09
"Friends" - 3:35
7-inch - A&M / AM 25000 (US)
"De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" (Spanish Version) - 4:00
"De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" (Japanese Version) - 4:00
François N. Macerola

Francois N. Macerola (January 31, 1942 - November 8, 2018) was a Canadian lawyer and movie executive. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. Macerola worked for the National Film Board of Canada and Telefilm Canada. His career began in 1976.
Macerola dealt with the controversy surrounding the 1982 docudrama The Kid Who Couldn't Miss, about the life of fighter pilot Billy Bishop because the movie poorly depicted his life with accuracy.
Macerola died on the morning of November 8, 2018 in Montreal at the age of 76.
Hugo Travers

Hugo Travers (born 6 April 1997 in Versailles), also known as HugoDecrypte, is a French journalist and YouTuber.
Hugo Travers is known for his YouTube videos which has daily news updates in French, and more detailed videos on his second channel.
Masanori Tokita

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Tokita was born in Kobe on June 24, 1925. After graduating from Kwansei Gakuin University, he joined Tanabe Pharmaceutical in 1950. He also played for Kwangaku Club was consisted of his alma mater Kwansei Gakuin University players and graduates. He won Emperor's Cup 4 times. He retired in 1959.
In March 1951, Tokita was selected the Japan national team for Japan team first game after World War II, 1951 Asian Games. At this competition, on March 7, he debuted against Iran. He also played at 1954 Asian Games. In November 1956, he was selected Japan for 1956 Summer Olympics and he played as captain. He played 12 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1959.
On March 5, 2004, Tokita died of esophageal cancer in Hyogo Prefecture at the age of 78. In 2006, he was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame.
Loser Love

Loser Lover is a 1999 erotic thriller movie. It was directed by Jean-Marc Vallee.
Harrisville, Michigan

Harrisville is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Alcona County. In 2010 census, 493 people lived there that makes it the sixth-smallest city by population in Michigan.
Boy with the Blues (EP)

Boy with the Blues is an album by the rock band Oasis. It was released in early July 2009 as an iTunes exclusive EP. It contained two songs not previously available on general release and also a remix of "(Get Off Your) High Horse Lady" from their album Dig Out Your Soul.
Track listing
"Boy with the Blues"
"I Believe in All"
"(Get Off Your) High Horse Lady" - the May 29th Devendra Banhart Mix
The first two tracks were only available on the Dig Out Your Soul Deluxe Boxset Bonus Disc, while the third track had only been released as a listen only track on Oasisinet's Radio Supernova.
Little Caesars Arena

Little Caesars Arena is an arena in Detroit, Michigan. Construction began on April 24, 2015. It opened on September 5, 2017. It replaced the Joe Louis Arena and The Palace of Auburn Hills as the home of the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Detroit Pistons of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Fürstenstein

Furstenstein is a municipality in Passau in Bavaria in Germany.
Hanford, California

Hanford is a city and the county seat of Kings County, California. In 2020, 57,990 people lived there.
Eudora, Arkansas

Eudora is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Biosphere

The biosphere includes everything living on Earth. It is also known as ecosphere. Currently the biosphere has a biomass (or amount of living things) at around 1900 gigatonnes of carbon. It is not certain exactly how thick the biosphere is, though scientists predict that it is around 12,500 meters. The biosphere extends to the upper areas of the atmosphere, including birds and insects.
In a general sense, biospheres are any closed, self-regulating systems containing ecosystems. This includes artificial biospheres such as Biosphere 2 and BIOS-3, and potentially ones on other planets or moons.
Origin of the term
The word "biosphere" was coined by geologist Eduard Suess in 1875. Which he defined as a place on Earth's surface where life dwells.
Earth's biosphere
The earliest known evidence of life in Earth includes biogenic graphite dated as far as 3.7 Billion years old. Life is scattered all throughout the surface of the Earth, from the polar ice caps to the equator, exhibits a life of some kind.
Extent of biological life
Almost all parts of the planet contains a life of some kind. Recent advances in microbiology concluded that microbes can live deep beneath the Earth's surface.
David Tang

Sir David Wing-cheung Tang, (; 2 August 1954 - 29 August 2017), was a Hong Kong businessman. He was best known for founding the Shanghai Tang fashion chain in 1994, which he sold in 1998 to Richemont. Tang's grandfather, Tang Shiu Kin, "founded the Kowloon bus company and became one of Hong Kong's greatest philanthropists".
Tang died on 29 August 2017 of liver cancer at a London hospital at the age of 63.
Left-wing libertarianism

Left-wing libertarianism is a kind of left-wing politics that says the government should have less control over people's lives. Left-wing libertarians want a mix of personal freedoms with social equality. They normally believe in a more progressive lifestyle than other libertarians. But they agree that people should normally have more free choice.
Left-wing anarchism is an extreme kind of left-wing libertarianism. It wants to get rid of government and capitalism entirely. Libertarianism can also sometimes mix with socialism. This is called socialist libertarianism. But these different names can sometimes all mean the same thing. Socialist libertarians and anarchists want to end private property because they believe people who own it get unfair power over others. They want a future based on people working to help each other, instead of for money. But they want to make these things happen without using a government.
City of Edinburgh Council

The City of Edinburgh Council is the local government covering the City of Edinburgh. There were 518,500 people living there mid-2019.
The council was set up in 1996 under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994. Before that there was the City of Edinburgh District Council part of the Lothian region. That was set up in 1975. Before that there was a council based at the Old Tolbooth. Around 1130, David I made the town a royal burgh and a burgh council.
There are now 17 wards. They each elect three or four councillors by the single transferable vote. There are 63 councillors.
Donkey (Shrek)

Donkey (not known by any other name) is the second main character seen in the movie Shrek. He is seen as the overly-happy and annoying sidekick of Shrek.
He appears in all the Shrek movies. He is voiced by the late Eddie Murphy.
Edmond Baraffe

Edmond Baraffe (19 October 1942 - 19 April 2020) was a French professional football striker and manager. He was born in Annoeulin, France. He played for the national team from 1964 to 1966. He also played for Toulouse. He managed Le Touquet from 1985 to 1989.
Baraffe died on 19 April 2020, aged 77.
Saint-Sauveur, Finistère

Saint-Sauveur () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Monotonic function

In algebra, a montonic function is any function whose gradient never changes sign. In simple words, it is a function which is either always increasing or decreasing. For example, sin x=f(x) isn't a monotonous function or simply, non monotonous function. That is to say there are no turning points but there may be stationary points where the gradient is momentarily zero. The derivative function of a monotonic function which describes its gradient will never change sign.
Irani Barbosa

Irani Barbosa (1950 - 23 December 2020) was a Brazilian politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1991 to 1995. He was elected as a member of the Democratic Movement. Barbosa was born in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais.
Barbosa died on 23 December 2020 from COVID-19 in Belo Horizonte at the age of 70.
Toronto Symphony Orchestra

The Toronto Symphony Orchestra is a Canadian orchestra. 400,000 people go to its concerts each year and it is often broadcast over CBC Radio 2. It was formed in 1922. The concerts used to be given in the Massey Hall but since 1982 they have been in the Roy Thomson Hall. The Orchestra often goes on tour and has had some famous conductors.
List of conductors of the TSO:
Luigi von Kunits (1922-1931)
Sir Ernest MacMillan (1931-1956)
Walter Susskind (1956-1965)
Seiji Ozawa (1965-1969)
Karel Ancerl (1969-1973)
Sir Andrew Davis (1975-1988)
Gunther Herbig (1988-1994)
Jukka-Pekka Saraste (1994-2001)
Peter Oundjian (2003-)
The TSO's concertmaster now is Jacques Israelievitch.
Campbon

Campbon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
From the Earth to the Moon

From the Earth to the Moon is a book by Jules Verne.
He tells of the adventures of three men, the Americans Barbicane and Nicholl, and one French man, Ardan. They want to go to the moon, and to do this, they make a very big cannon, with a very big "bullet". The bullet is the spaceship. They get caught in the moons orbit and the story ends there.
Before he died, Verne gave the manuscript to his nephew, telling him to look after it. "I'm sure that you will see travel to the moon. You will be able to judge my prediction".
Comoving distance

In normal cosmology, 'comoving' distance or 'proper distance' is one of several distances measured by cosmologists to define distances between objects.
Method
To talk about the shape of the Universe, scientists want to forget that the Universe is expanding. So they separate the shape from time and pretend that the Universe is not expanding. They remember that, really, the Universe is expanding, but they write this in a variable called the scale factor. Then, the distances they talk about, while putting the scale factor to the side, are called comoving distances. When they think about the Universe using comoving distance, they think of the Universe as not expanding. This way, some calculations are easier.
Purpose
When the part of the Universe which we can see today started, it was very small. Everything in this part of the Universe was much closer together than today. It was also very hot and photons (particles of light) were moving in different directions. Light moves very fast, but the light speed is limited and the Universe was expanding very fast.
Comparison
Think of two ants on the surface of an expanding balloon. One ant starts moving towards another, but the balloon itself is also expanding. After a long time the balloon starts expanding more slowly. Eventually one ant reaches another. That's like photons in our universe. Some of the light from the stars you see at night traveled for billions of years to reach your eye. Surprisingly, it started very close to where you were (or the atoms of which your body consists), but just could not keep up with the universe expansion. Of course, if something else started out very close to where you were, but was not traveling toward you, it would be very far away from you now because of the expansion.
Maidstone, Vermont

Maidstone is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
John and Mary (movie)

John and Mary is a 1969 American romantic drama movie. It was directed by Peter Yates. It was based on the novel of the same name by Mervyn Jones. It stars Dustin Hoffman, Mia Farrow, Tyne Daly, Olympia Dukakis, Stanley Beck, Michael Tolan. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Weehawken, New Jersey

Weehawken is a township in the northern part of Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 12,554.
Ottenbüttel

Ottenbuttel is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Technoblade

Alexander (June 1, 1999 - June 2022), better known as Technoblade, was an American YouTuber known for Minecraft videos and livestreams on YouTube. He was also known for his involvement in a roleplay group called the Dream SMP. His YouTube channel had more than 14 million subscribers in July 2022. He died sometime in June 2022 of cancer.
Lake View, Alabama

Lake View is a town in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 1,943, up from 1,357 in 2000. It is part of the Tuscaloosa Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
Lake View was incorporated in 1998.
Geography
Lake View is located at (33.279933, -87.138667).
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and (12.57%) is water.
Litchfield, Connecticut

Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,192 at the 2020 census.
Members Church of God International

The Members Church of God International is a group of members of a Christian denomination with headquarters in the Philippines. Commonly known by their TV show Ang Dating Daan (The Old Path), they have million members and has thousands of locales worldwide. Currently, their presiding minister is Eliseo Soriano ang their vice presiding Minister is Daniel S. Razon. Eliseo Soriano is currently preaching in other countries. They reject the Roman Catholic belief about Trinity.
Advance Wars

Advance Wars is a video game for the Game Boy Advance. It is based on earlier games for Nintendo systems such as the Famicom and Game Boy. It is a strategy game: players must think of ways to win.
The game can be played with two, three, or four players at a time. Each player takes turns controlling their military-style playing pieces, called "units." Every unit can move along the playing field, which is split up into squares. The amount of squares a unit can move in one turn is different for each unit.
Most units can attack other units. Each unit has its own strength and defense. Strength is how much damage the unit can do to another unit. Defense is how much damage it can avoid taking whenever it is attacked. For example, the tank unit has more defense than the soldier, so even though the helicopter always has the same amount of attacking power, it can do more damage to the soldier than the tank.
Deaths in 1995

The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in 1995. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting.
Each listing of death, must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source.
List of Kyoto Sanga FC players

The List of Kyoto Sanga F.C. is evolving. The history of the team is created by its players.
Kyoto Sanga F.C. is a Japanese professional football club in Gifu Prefecture.
List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
Nauru national soccer team

The Nauru national soccer is the soccer team that comes from Nauru. The teams current Ello Ranking is 184. The team does not have a FIFA Ranking because the team is not part of FIFA.
Michael J. Budds

Michael Joseph Budds (June 11, 1947 - November 19, 2020) was an American musicologist. He was a professor at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Many of his works focused on American popular music. He was born in Pana, Illinois.
Budds died on November 19, 2020 in Columbia at the age of 73.
Test Card F

Test Card F is a test card made by the BBC to be used on television in the United Kingdom. It was first shown on television on July 2, 1967. It was shown on television when no shows were being played. The test card shows Carole Hersee playing noughts and crosses (tic-tac-toe) with a clown doll with many test signals showing. The test card was made by George Hersee, Carole Hersee's father and a BBC engineer. It was shown less in the 1980s because BBC started showing Ceefax pages more. After 1999, it was only shown by BBC Two for one minute. In the 2010s, the test card was used for HTTP errors on the BBC website. Test Card F made Carole Hersee the most shown face in British television.
In the 1990s, three versions of Test Card F were made, including Test Card J (which had small changes of Test Card F), Test Card W (a widescreen version), and a different widescreen version.
United States Postmaster General

The United States Postmaster General is the executive head of the United States Postal Service. The office, in one form or another, is older than both the United States Constitution and the United States Declaration of Independence. Benjamin Franklin was appointed by the Continental Congress as the first Postmaster General, serving slightly longer than 15 months.
In 1971, the United States Post Office Department was re-organized into the United States Postal Service, a special agency independent of the executive branch. Thus, the Postmaster General is no longer a member of the Cabinet and is no longer in line to be President.
Hayden Lake, Idaho

Hayden Lake is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Murad Alyan

Murad Alyan (born 7 December 1977) is a Palestinian football player. He has played for Palestine national team.
British royal family

The British royal family is the group who are relatives (family) of the monarch, currently Charles III, of the United Kingdom.
Honnechy

Honnechy is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 561 people lived there.
1928 Winter Olympics

The 1928 Winter Olympics, officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games, were held in 1928 in St. Moritz, Switzerland. The 1928 Games were the first true Winter Olympics held on its own and not as a part of a Summer Olympics. The preceding 1924 Winter Olympics were later renamed as Winter Olympics. They were actually part of the 1924 Summer Olympics. All preceding Winter Events of the Olympic Games were the winter sports part of the schedule of the Summer Games, and not as a separate Winter Games.
Participating nations
Athletes from 25 nations competed at these Games, up from 16 in 1924. This was the first time many countries attended the Winter Olympic Games, including Argentina, Estonia, Germany, Japan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Romania.
Ahmed Adghirni

Ahmed Adghirni (5 May 1947 - 19 October 2020) was a Moroccan politician, lawyer, writer, and human rights activist. He was from a Berber tribe. Adghirni was born in Ait Ali in Sous, Morocco.
He was a political activist for Berbers in Morocco. He was very active in the World Amazigh Congress, participating in the "pre-congress" at Saint-Rome-de-Dolan in 1995 and the first congress at Las Palmas in 1997.
Adghirni died on 19 October 2020 in Tiznit, Morocco at the age of 73.
Riqui Puig

Ricard "Riqui" Puig Marti (born 13 August 1999) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy and the Catalonia national team.
Letters from the Park

Letters from the Park () is a 1988 Cuban drama movie directed by Tomas Gutierrez Alea and starring Victor Laplace, Ivonne Lopez Arenal, Miguel Paneke, Mirta Ibarra, Adolfo Llaurado, Elio Mesa.
Government of Portugal

The Government of Portugal is one of the four sovereignty bodies of the Portuguese Republic, together with the President of the Republic, the Assembly of the Republic and the courts. The government is responsible for the general politics of the country and is the superior body of the Portuguese public administration.
Mike Rogers (Michigan politician)

Michael J. Rogers (born June 2, 1963) is an American former law enforcement officer and politician. He was the U.S. representative for from 2001 to 2015. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a CNN national security news commentator.
Bill Thompson (voice actor)

William H. Thompson (July 8, 1913 - July 15, 1971) was an American radio personality and voice actor. His career stretched from the 1930s until his death. He was a featured comedian playing multiple roles on the Fibber McGee and Molly radio series. He was the voice of Droopy in most of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio theatrical cartoons from 1943 to 1958.
Tägerig

Tagerig is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
213 (group)

213 (pronounced two-one-three) was an American West Coast hip hop group with Warren G, Snoop Dogg and Nate Dogg. They were based in Long Beach, California. They performed gangsta rap and G-funk. The group was formed in 1990 and ended in 2011 when Nate Dogg died.
1979 oil crisis

The 1979 (or second) oil crisis or oil shock occurred in the world due to decreased oil output in the wake of the Iranian Revolution.
Despite the fact that global oil supply decreased by only ~4%, widespread panic resulted, driving the price far higher.
The price of crude oil more than doubled to $39.50 per barrel over the next 12 months, and long lines once again appeared at gas stations, as they had in the 1973 oil crisis.
Ernestine Eckstein

Ernestine Eckstein (April 23, 1941 - July 15, 1992) was a Black lesbian woman who fought for lesbian rights. Eckstein participated in LGBTQ rights protests that occurred before the famous Stonewall Riots of 1969.
Activism
Eckstein was often one of the few women at early LGBTQ rights protests. Usually she was the only Black women in attendance.
Ernestine Eckstein was the vice president of the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis organization. The Daughters of Bilitis were a nationwide group that fought for lesbian rights, and offered help to lesbians who needed it. Eckstein was on the cover of The Ladder in June 1966, fighting against racism in both the United States and the LGBTQ movement, representing a Black lesbian advocate. Eckstein believed that it was more important for her to fight for LGBTQ rights than Black rights because as a Black person she already had rights, but as a member of the LGBTQ community, she didn't have the same freedom.
Česlovas Stankevičius

Ceslovas Vytautas Stankevicius (born 27 February 1937) is a Lithuanian politician. In 1990, he was one of the signers of the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania. He was the Minister of Defence between 1996 to 2000. During that same time, he was a member of Seimas. He was born in Vilkaviskis District Municipality, Lithuania.
Montiaceae

A segregated family, formerly in the family Portulacaceae.
Representative genera
Lenzia Phil.
Toshiko Fujita

was a Japanese actress and singer. She was born in Dalian, Liaoning, China. She worked at Aoni Production. Fujita was known for her roles in Digimon Adventure, Zatch Bell!, Chihayafuru, Bonobono and in Fist of the North Star.
Fujita died of breast cancer on December 28, 2018 in Tokyo at the age of 68.
Giordano Bruno

Giordano Bruno (January 1548 - 17 February 1600) was an Italian friar of the Dominican Order. He was also a philosopher and mathematician. He is best known for believing in the infinity of the universe. His cosmological theories went beyond the Copernican model.
Bruno thought the Sun was just one of an infinite number of independently moving heavenly bodies. He is the first man to have thought the stars we see at night are identical in nature to the Sun. For publishing beliefs contrary to Roman Catholic dogma about transubstantiation, trinity and other matters, he was burnt at the stake as a heretic by the Inquisition of the Roman Catholic Church.
Bruno also wrote extensive works on the art of memory, a loosely organized group of mnemonic techniques and principles.
The charges
The Catholic Church made the following accusations against Bruno:
Holding opinions contrary to the Catholic Faith and speaking against it and its ministers.
Holding wrong opinions about the Trinity, about Christ's divinity and Incarnation.
Holding wrong opinions about Christ.
Holding wrong opinions about Transubstantiation and Mass.
Claiming the existence of a plurality of worlds and their eternity.
Believing in the transmigration of the human soul into brutes.
Dealing in magics and divination.
Denying the Virginity of Mary.
Bruno did accept and promote Copernicus' idea that the Earth revolves round the Sun. Many believe this was one of main reasons for his downfall; others think his theological beliefs were more critical. In 1584 he published two dialogues which argued for his idea on astronomy. Eight years later he was arrested, and his trial took another eight years. His accusers demanded complete recantation of all his 'erroneous' beliefs. He refused, and went to his death. Later the Inquisition used his example to terrify Galileo into withdrawing his works from publication.
William Jennings Bryan

William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860-July 26, 1925) was an American politician in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was from the Midwest. He is known for supporting causes that were not very popular or were old-fashioned, such as the silver standard or creationism. In the 1890s, he was a Congressman from Nebraska. He gained fame in 1896 for the "Cross of Gold Speech", a speech about the American economy he gave to the Populist Party. He ran for President as a Democrat three times, in 1896, 1900, and 1908, but lost each time. During this time, he was the main leader of the Democratic Party. He was one of the first people who gave lots of speeches around the country while running for President, and continued to give speeches even when not running on what was called the "Chatauqua Circuit". He was United States Secretary of State from 1913 to 1915. In his last years, he was one of the lawyers in the Scopes Monkey Trial. He is portrayed in the movie Inherit the Wind by the character Matthew Harrison Brady.
Mitchellville, Iowa

Mitchellville is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Pistachio

The pistachio (Pistacia vera) is a small tree from the family Anacardiaceae (also known as the Cashew family). It is well known for its seeds that are eaten as food. It is native to the Middle East and Central Asia.
The plant
The tree grows up to tall. Its leaves are 10-20 centimeters (4-8 inches) long.
The fruit is a stone fruit. Only the seed is edible. The fruit has a hard, cream-colored exterior shell. The seed has a mauve-colored skin and light green flesh. When the fruit ripens, the shell goes from green to yellow or red and splits a bit open. Different varieties split differently.
Pistachio trees can give of seeds on average every two years.
The shell of the pistachio is naturally a beige color, but it is sometimes dyed red or green. It is thought that dye was used by importers to hide stains on the shells when the seeds were picked by hand. Most pistachios are now picked by machine and the shells do not have stains.