kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Bank of Montreal

The Bank of Montreal is a Canadian multinational investment bank and financial services company. Founded in Montreal, Quebec, in 1817 as Montreal Bank. Their head office remains in Montreal. They also have operational headquarters and executive offices in Toronto, Ontario, since 1977. One of the Big Five banks in Canada, as well as one of the ten largest banks in North America. It is commonly known by its acronym BMO. BMO is also its stock symbol on both the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.
Establishment and early history
On 23 June 1817, John Richardson and eight merchants signed the Articles of Association to establish the Montreal Bank in a rented house in Montreal, Quebec. The bank officially began conducting business on 3 November 1817. This is the birth of Canada's oldest bank. It underwent a name change to its current in 1822. BMO's Institution Number (or bank number) is 001. In Canada, the bank operates as BMO Bank of Montreal and has more than 900 branches, serving over seven million customers.
Operations in the USA
In the United States, it does business as BMO Financial Group, where it has substantial operations in the Chicago area and elsewhere in the country, where it operates BMO Harris Bank. BMO Capital Markets is BMO's investment and corporate banking division, while the wealth management division is branded as BMO Nesbitt Burns. The company is ranked at number 131 on the Forbes Global 2000 list.
On December 12th, 2021 Bank of Montreal announced the strategic acquisition of Bank of the West from BNP Paribas for US$16.3 billion.
Achievements
The company has not missed a dividend payment since 1829. They paid dividends consistently through major world crises such as World War I, the Great Depression, World War II, and the 2008 financial crisis; this makes the Bank of Montreal's dividend payment history one of the longest in the world.
Leonard L. Northrup Jr.

Leonard "Lynn" L. Northrup Jr. (March 18, 1918 - March 24, 2016) was an American engineer. He created the commercialization of solar thermal energy. He was inspired by John Yellott, Dr. Maria Telkes, and Harry Tabor.
Northrup's company designed, patented, developed and manufactured some of the first commercial solar water heaters, solar concentrators, solar-powered air conditioning systems, solar power towers and photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems in the United States.
Killarney National Park

The Killarney National Park is a national park in County Kerry in Ireland. There are mountains, lakes, woods and waterfalls in the park. The size of the park is . The highest mountain range in Ireland (called McGillycuddy's Reeks) is in the park. The park is to the south and west of the town of Killarney.
Wildlife
There are different kinds of animals in the park. There are red deer and white tailed eagles. The eagles were reintroduced into the park in 2007. Local farmers disagreed with the reintroduction because they can kill lambs.
Status
The park is an Irish national park. It is also a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
Mujhe Jeene Do (1999 movie)

Mujhe Jeene Do is a 1999 Urdu movie. It is directed by Javed Sheikh. The movie stars Meera, Babar Ali, Sana and Javed Sheikh. The music is by Amjad Bobby.
Mangwal

Mangwal is a village and Union Council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Chakwal Tehsil and is located at 33deg6'30N 72deg49'32E.
Quest For Fire

Quest For Fire () is a 1981 Canadian French adventure movie directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and starring Ron Perlman, Everett McGill, Rae Down Chong, Nameer El-Kadi. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and won an Academy Award in 1983.
Claudio Husaín

Claudio Husain (born 20 November, 1974) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team.
Durrës County

The County of Durres is one of the 12 counties of Albania. It has the districts Durres and Kruje. Its capital is Durres.
Colman, South Dakota

Colman is a city in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Moody County, and 594 people lived there at the 2010 census. Colman was founded in 1880. It is also known as Sankey.
Zoot Suit Riots

The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots on June 3-8, 1943 in Los Angeles, California, United States, involving American servicemen stationed in Southern California and young Latino and Mexican American city residents. It was one of the dozen wartime industrial cities that suffered race-related riots in the summer of 1943, along with Mobile, Alabama; Beaumont, Texas; Detroit, Michigan; and New York City.
American servicemen and white Angelenos attacked and stripped children, teenagers, and youths who wore zoot suits, ostensibly because they considered the outfits, which were made from large amounts of fabric, to be unpatriotic during World War II. Rationing of fabrics and certain foods was required at the time for the war effort. While most of the violence was directed toward Mexican American youth; African American and Filipino American youths who were wearing zoot suits were also attacked.
The Zoot Suit Riots were related to fears and hostilities aroused by the coverage of the Sleepy Lagoon murder trial, following the killing of a young Latino man in what was then an unincorporated commercial area near Los Angeles. The riot appeared to trigger similar attacks that year against Latinos in Chicago, San Diego, Oakland, Evansville, Philadelphia, and New York City. The defiance of zoot suiters became inspirational for Chicanos during the Chicano Movement.
Equality House

The Equality House is a house in Topeka, Kansas. It is painted with the colors of the rainbow flag.
History
The house was bought for $81,000 in March 2013. It was painted with the colors of rainbow flag, because it just across the street from Westboro Baptist Church, who are known to hate LGBT people. A 5 year old girl set up a lemonade stand just outside the house in June 2013 to raise money for Planting Peace, who owns the Equality House. Members of the Westboro Baptist Church tried to get the police to stop her and when that didn't work, began yelling swear words at her. She raised $400.
Later that month, a lesbian wedding was held outside the house.
In October 2013, a drag show was held outside of the house. This was done to raise money for anti-bullying campaigns to stop LGBT youth from killing themselves.
In May 2015, after JK Rowling said she wanted a fake wedding between Dumbledore and Gandalf in Ireland, the Westboro Baptist Church tweeted that they would picket if this were to happen. In June that year, the mock wedding happened in the front yard of the equality house instead. Dumbledore is a gay character, according to JK Rowling, but this is not said in the books.
In October 2016, the house was vandalized with the phrase "Fuk Fags" painted on it and seven bullet holes were found.
Transgender House
Before 2016, the house was painted with the colors of the transgender flag. Later, a house next to it was bought and was made a permanent "transgender house".
Kenichi Yagara

Kenichi Yagara (born 14 September 1981) is a former Japanese football player.
Grandson (district)

Grandson was a district of the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The capital was the town of Grandson. As of 2006 it is part of the Jura-Nord vaudois District.
Paul Pena

Paul Pena (January 26, 1950 - October 1, 2005) was an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. Pena was completely blind by the time he was 20.
Early life
Pena was born in Hyannis, Massachusetts. Pena spoke Cape Verdean Creole with his family while growing up. His grandfather, Francisco Pena, and father, Joaquim "Jack" Pena, were both professional musicians, and taught Paul to play Cape Verdean music.
Former flag of East Bengal, Pakistan

The former Flag of East Bengal or East Pakistan flag was the flag of the former Province of East Bengal within a united then East Pakistan. The Bengali east provincial flag showed a Crescent and star within a Red disc on top of a dark green field, offset slightly left towards the hoist so that it appeared centred when the sub-national flag was flying in the erstwhile lost territory. The traditional crescent moon and star was to represent its association with a Federal Pakistan and its commitments to Islam and the wider Muslim Ummah, the Red disc represented the bloodshed and Partition they fought so hard for a Muslim Indian homeland during the dark days of misrule and occupation by foreign powers, and the new sun rising over Bengal as a new dawn for the celebration of the 1947 Islamic Independence, and also the Muslim blood of those who died for their Muslim League political agenda from the Hindus and the British imperial colonialism. The dark green field stood for the Muslims of the eastern sector land of the former province that united them briefly against the dominant hostile majority non-Muslim of volatile Republic of India. It has been since 1972 replaced by the separatist New current regime of an Independentist aspirant Bangladesh Flag.
Michael Smith

Michael Smith may mean any of these people:
Michael Smith (chemist)
Michael John Smith astronaut
Sala Municipality

Sala Municipality () is a municipality in Vastmanland County in central Sweden. The seat is in Sala.
Imam Muslim

The full name of Imam Muslim is Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815 - 875). He is a Persian, Islamic, hadith scholar. His hadith collection, known as Sahih Muslim, is one of the six major hadith collections (Kutub al-Sittah) in Sunni Islam.
Bucquoy

Bucquoy is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Summer School (1987 movie)

Summer School is a 1987 comedy movie directed by Carl Reiner (who also stars) and starring Mark Harmon, Kirstie Alley, Courtney Thorne-Smith, Dean Cameron. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Derma, Mississippi

Derma is a town in Calhoun County, Mississippi, United States.
1138 Aleppo earthquake

The 1138 Aleppo earthquake happened near the town of Aleppo in northern Syria on 11 October 1138. The United States Geological Survey lists it as the third deadliest earthquake in history with 230,000 people killed. However, the total comes from a combination of this earthquake with earthquakes in November 1137 on the Jazira plain and 30 September 1139 in Ganja, Azerbaijan in historical records. Ibn Taghribirdi first wrote about this large number of deaths in the fifteenth century.
Avessé

Avesse is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Charlotte, Michigan

Charlotte ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. In the 2010 census, 9,074 people lived here. It is the county seat of Eaton County.
Macclesfield

Macclesfield is a market town in Cheshire, England. About 51,739 people live in the town.
Tim Cuddihy

Timothy John Cuddihy is an Australian archer. Cuddihy competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He was born on 21 May 1987.
Nam Da-won

Nam Da-won (; born May 27, 1997), better known by the mononym Dawon, is a South Korean singer and actress. She is best known for being a member of the South Korean-Chinese girl group WJSN.
Career
On December 31, the final unit of WJSN was announced: Natural Unit (Mei Qi, Luda and Dawon).
Canton, Mississippi

Canton is the county seat of Madison County, Mississippi, United States.
Richard Hawley (actor)

Richard Roland Hawley (born 13 August 1955 in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire) is a British actor, best known for his work in Grushko, Prime Suspect, Family Affairs and Love Actually. From 2015 to 2021, he appeared as Johnny Connor in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street.
Fear Strikes Out

Fear Strikes Out is a 1957 American biographical drama movie directed by first time director Robert Mulligan and was based on the 1955 memoir of the same name by Jimmy Piersall. It stars Anthony Perkins, Karl Malden, Adam Williams, Perry Wilson and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Umpire

An umpire is someone who makes sure all of the rules are followed. Umpires are used mainly in sports like Baseball, tennis, and cricket.
Crawfordsville, Arkansas

Crawfordsville is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel

Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. Since 2010, it has been part of the new municipality of Zuidplas.
Coinbase

Coinbase is a company that lets people buy and sell cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin. It's a big company in the US and was started by two people in 2012. The company doesn't have a physical headquarters and all the employees work from home. In 2020, Coinbase decided to close its San Francisco office and operate entirely remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was a trend seen in many other tech companies at the time.
Arthrostylidium merostachyoides

Arthrostylidium merostachyoides is a species of Arthrostylidium bamboo in the grass family.
Distribution
Anthrostylidium merostachyoides is endemic to Costa Rica in Central America.
Blizzard of Ozz

Blizzard of Ozz is the debut studio album by Ozzy Osbourne, recorded in Surrey, UK and released on September 20, 1980 in the UK and on January 15, 1981 in the U.S..
This is Ozzy's first solo album. The tracks "Crazy Train" and "Mr. Crowley" were released as singles. "Crazy Train" peaked at #9 on the Mainstream Rock Charts.
Blizzard of Ozz remains Osbourne's highest-selling album to date, selling over 4.1 million copies in the U.S. alone.
The album reached #21 on Billboard's Pop Albums chart, and is on the list of the top 100 best-selling albums of the 1980s.
Track listing
All songs written by Ozzy Osbourne, Randy Rhoads, and Bob Daisley except where noted.
Gonzague Saint Bris

Gonzague Saint Bris (16 January 1948 - 8 August 2017) was a French award-winning novelist, biographer and journalist. He won the 2002 Prix Interallie for Les Vieillards de Brighton. He was the founder of La Foret des livres, an annual book festival, and the Cabourg Film Festival. He was born in Loches, Indre-et-Loire.
Saint Bris was killed in a car crash on 8 August 2017 in Saint-Hymer, Calvados at the age of 69.
Vladislav F. Ribnikar

Vladislav Ribnikar was the founder of Politika newspaper, the oldest newspaper in Serbia. He was leader of Politika from 1904 to 1914, which was the year of his death in the First World War.
Kieran Modra

Kieran John Modra (27 March 1972 - 13 November 2019) was an Australian Paralympic swimmer and tandem cyclist. He won five gold and five bronze medals at eight Paralympic Games from 1988 to 2016, along with two silver medals at the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games.
Modra died after his bike crashed with a car on the Sturt Highway in Kingsford on 13 November 2019.
Jeeves

Jeeves is a well-known children's book series written by British author PG Wodehouse. They star Jeeves, the genius butler of Bertie Wooster, a rich, spoiled man in his twenties. The last Jeeves book, Aunts Aren't Gentlemen, was written in 1974. The first Jeeves book, Extricating Young Gussie, was a short story written in 1915.
Characters
Jeeves.
Reginald Jeeves is the butler of Bertie Wooster. He is extremely intelligent and strategic, but disagrees with Bertie on this such as clothes and furniture.
Bertie.
Bertie Wooster (official name Bertram Willoughby Wooster) is a carefree, wealthy young man living in London with his valet Jeeves.
Aunt Dahlia.
Aunt Dahlia is Bertie's "good aunt", and is quite jovial. She often jokingly insults Bertie. She also uses her chef, Anatole, as a threat for Bertie to help her when she needs it.
Madeline Bassett.
Madeline Bassett is (according to Bertie Wooster) a droopy girl, first mentioned in Right Ho, Jeeves. She was formerly engaged to Bertie but is later enaged to Bertie's friend, Gussie Fink-Nottle.
Sir Roderick Glossop.
Sir Roderick is a forceful personality. He is a nerve specialist (or, as Wooster calls him, the loony doctor) and the father of Honoria Glossop, to whom Bertie was once engaged. Bertie and Sir Roderick are often att odds, but following the events of Thank You, Jeeves, become good friends.
A List of Books.
Thank You, Jeeves
Code of the Woosters
Right Ho, Jeeves (published in 1934)
Joy in the Morning (published in 1947)
Jeeves and the Feudal Sprit
Stiff Upper Lip, Jeeves
The Mating Season
Aunts Aren't Gentlemen (published in 1974, and the last Jeeves book)
A collection of 34 short stories
Praise
The Jeeves books were well-received.
Gallery Of Short Stories
Below is a list of both the Jeeves short stories, as well as images from them.
Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges

Hungerford Bridge, often called Charing Cross Bridge, is a railway bridge. It crosses the River Thames in London from Charing Cross station across to the south, near Waterloo station.
The bridge lies between Waterloo Bridge and Westminster Bridge. It is a steel bridge with two more recent pedestrian bridges on either side. These were named the Golden Jubilee Bridges, but are really just footpaths alongside the railway bridge. Each footpath has steps and lift access.
The north end of the bridge is Charing Cross station. It is near Embankment Pier and the Victoria Embankment. The south end is near Waterloo station, County Hall, the Royal Festival Hall, and the London Eye.
The first version of the bridge was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, and opened in 1845. The bridge and the walkways have been reworked and expanded at various times.
Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota

Yellow Medicine County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 9,528 people lived there. The county seat is Granite Falls.
Anatoliy Novikov

Anatoliy Terentiyovych Novikov (; 17 January 1947 - 18 January 2022) was a Ukrainian judoka. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1972 Summer Olympics. Novikov was born in Kharkiv, Soviet Union. In 1972 he won the bronze medal in the half middleweight class.
Novikov died on 18 January 2022, at the age of 75.
China at the 2014 Asian Games

China participated in the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon, South Korea from 19 September to 4 October 2014.
Mercy Hospital shooting

On November 19, 2018, a mass shooting took place at the Mercy Hospital and Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. An attending physician, a pharmaceutical assistant, a Chicago Police officer and the perpetrator were killed.
Local authorities identified the suspect as a 32-year-old man who was killed by police. The perpetrator was discovered within the hospital at around 3:20 p.m. and shot in the head.
Günter Kunert

Gunter Kunert (; 6 March 1929 - 21 September 2019) was a German writer and political commentator. Born in Berlin, he left the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) to live in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). He joined the main political party of East Germany, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in 1948.
A poet, Kunert also wrote short stories, essays, autobiographical works, aphorisms, satires, fairy tales, science fiction, radio plays, speeches, travel writing, movie scripts, a novel, and a drama.
In the 1970s, he was a writing lecturer at the University of Texas at Austin. In 2009, Kunert won the America Award in Literature.
Life
Kunert was born in Berlin. Kunert died in Kaisborstel on 21 September 2019 at the age of 90.
Awards
Kunert was an honorary doctor of several universities in Italy and the United States. He was awarded the Heinrich Heine Prize of Dusseldorf in 1985, the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2012 and the Kunstpreis of Schleswig-Holstein in 2014.
Charikar

Charikar () is a city in northern Afghanistan. It is the capital of Parwan Province. The city is on the road 69 km from Kabul. Charikar is known for its pottery and high-quality grapes.
Suchy

Suchy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Juanita Morrow Nelson

Juanita Morrow Nelson (August 17, 1923 - March 9, 2015) was an American activist and war tax resister. She co-founded the group Peacemakers in 1948. She was the author of A Matter of Freedom and Other Writings (1988).
Halls of Illusions

"Halls of Illusions" is a 1997 midwest hip hop song by the American horrorcore band Insane Clown Posse. It is the first single from their fourth studio album The Great Milenko (1997). The song was produced by Insane Clown Posse and Mike Clark. It featured Slash on guitar.
The song is about the band's hatred towards child abuse and domestic violence.
The song has swearing but is loved by many Juggalos.
Abbie Hoffman

Abbot Howard "Abbie" Hoffman (November 30, 1936 - April 12, 1989) was an American social and political activist.
He was one of the "Chicago Eight" along with Luke stockdale, David Dellinger, Tom Hayden, Rennie Davis, John Froines, Lee Weiner, and Bobby Seale, who were arrested for demonstrating at the 1968 Democratic National Convention.
At Woodstock in 1969, Hoffman ran onstage to interrupt The Who's performance. He tried to speak against the jailing of John Sinclair of the White Panther Party. Pete Townshend was adjusting his amplifier between songs and turned around to see Hoffman. Townshend cursed at Hoffman and tried to knock him off the stage.
He was arrested after a conviction for selling cocaine. He was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1980. He committed suicide by an overdose of phenobarbital and alcohol.
Hoffman was raised in the Jewish faith in Worcester, MA but later identified as an atheist.
Portrayal in media
Hoffman's life was dramatized in the 2000 movie Steal This Movie. Vincent D'Onofrio acted his part.
In the 1987 HBO television movie Conspiracy: The Trial of the Chicago 8, Michael Lembeck acted the part of Hoffman.
Richard D'Alessandro played the part of Hoffman in the 1994 movie Forrest Gump. He is seen speaking against "the war in Vietnam" at a protest rally at the Lincoln Memorial.
Hank Azaria's voice is heard as the animated Hoffman in the movie "Chicago 10".
Sacha Baron Cohen has been cast as Hoffman in Aaron Sorkin's movie The Trial of the Chicago Seven.
President of the National Assembly of Laos

This is a list of individuals who served as President of the National Assembly of Laos.
Renê Weber

Rene Carmo Kreuz Weber (16 July 1961 - 16 December 2020), was a Brazilian football player and manager. He was born in Roque Gonzales, Rio Grande do Sul.
In 1986, he played for the national team. He mainly played for Fluminense and Vitoria.
On 16 December 2020, Weber died in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 59 from COVID-19.
Latin Kings

The Latin Kings is an organized Hispanic street gang based in Chicago and New York City. The gang was founded by Puerto Ricans in Chicago, Illinois in 1954.
Mourenx

Mourenx is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Bilal ibn Ribah

Bilal ibn Ribah (578-638) was one of the companions of Muhammad. Bilal was an Ethiopian black slave.
Life
Bilal ibn Rabah (, also called Bilal al-Habashi) was an Ethiopian born in Mecca in the late 6th century, sometime between 578 and 582.Bilal was an Ethiopian slave. Bilal's owner was Umayyah ibn Khalaf, an enemy of Islam. When Bilal learned about Muhammad and became Muslim, his master started punishing him. When Muhammad heard about this, he ordered Abu Bakr to buy Bilal's freedom and Bilal -who was now free- joined Muhammad's companions.
Muhammad choose Bilal as the first muezzin. A muezzin is someone who leads the call to daily prayer. Sometimes Bilal walked the streets to call Muslims to come to prayer but most of the times, he said the Adhan from the top of the mosque.
Some years later, when the Muslim army walked towards Mecca, everyone ran to their homes and closed all doors and windows. They were afraid that the Muslims were going to kill them, because of the bad things they did to the Muslims many years ago. But, the Muslims went towards the Kaaba, the worship house believed to be built by Abraham and his elder son, Ishmael. Bilal, shouted out loud to the people of Mecca that they were all safe: "All those who lay down arms are safe. All those in the house of Abu Sufyan are safe. All those behind closed doors are safe."
After Muhammad died, Bilal never said the Adhan again - except on two occasions. Once in Syria and the second time, in Medina, when Muhammad's grandson, Hasan ibn Ali asked him to do so.
Bilal died in Damascus between 638 and 642 (AD).
Legacy
Hadith books are the collections of Muhammad's sayings.
Jodhpur division

Jodhpur Division is one of the administrative geographical units, called a division, of the Republic of India.
Litoria nullicedens

Litoria nullicedens is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists found this frog on the southwestern side of Mount Obree, at 550 meters above sea level.
This frog has green coloring on the inside of its mouth. Scientists say it is related to the northern New Guinea tree frog, Litoria graminea.
Mialos

Mialos is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Alfred Sant

Alfred Sant (born 28 February 1948) is a Maltese politician and a novelist. He led the Labour Party from 1992 to 2008. He served as Prime Minister of Malta between 1996 and 1998 and as Leader of the Opposition from 1992 to 1996 and from 1998 to 2008.
Andrea Nahles

Andrea Maria Nahles (born 20 June 1970) is a German politician. She was the Leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) from April 2018 to June 2019 and the leader of the SPD in the Bundestag from September 2017 to June 2019.
Nahles was a Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 2013 to 2017 and SPD Youth leader. She is known within the party for criticising Gerhard Schroder's Agenda 2010.
Värmdö Municipality

Varmdo Municipality () is a municipality in Stockholm County in central Sweden. The seat is in Gustavsberg.
Bausch & Lomb

Bausch and Lomb was an eye care products company that morphed into Ray-Ban.
Freddy Thielemans

Freddy Thielemans (11 September 1944 - 29 January 2022) was a Belgian socialist politician. He was the mayor of the City of Brussels from 2001 to 2013. He was mayor before, for a short time in 1994. Thielemans was born in Brussels.
Thielemans died on 29 January 2022 in Brussels from problems caused by a fall he had in 2016, aged 77.
Kronach (district)

Kronach is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany.
A large part of the district is part of the Franconian Forest nature park.
Columbo

Columbo is one of the most popular American crime fiction television series, starring Peter Falk as Columbo. From February 20, 1968 - January 30, 2003, a total of 69 episodes were made.
Overview
The show is set in Los Angeles, California. It is done in inverted detective story format; first showing the murderer committing the crime, then Columbo entering the story without knowing who is the murderer, but ending up catching the murderer with the evidences found. Each episode featured a guest star playing the murderer.
Home video release
DVD
Blu-ray release
A complete series was released on Blu-ray Only in Japan.
Heartache Tonight

"Heartache Tonight" is a 1979 song by Eagles. It was taken from their sixth studio album The Long Run. It went to number 1 in Canada and the United States, number 7 in New Zealand, number 10 in Ireland and Switzerland, number 13 in Australia, number 20 in the Netherlands, number 22 in Belgium and number 40 in the United Kingdom. It won a Grammy Award in 1980. It was covered by Conway Twitty in 1983.
Natural number

Natural numbers, also called counting numbers, are the numbers used for counting things. Natural numbers are the numbers small children learn about when they first started to count. Natural numbers are always whole numbers (integers excluding negative numbers) and often exclude zero, in which case one is the smallest natural number. The set of natural numbers can be represented by the symbol .
There is no largest natural number. The next natural number can be found by adding 1 to the current natural number, producing numbers that go on "forever". There is no natural number that is infinite in size. Any natural number can be reached by adding 1 enough times to the smallest natural number.
Non-natural numbers
The following types of numbers are not natural numbers:
Numbers less than 0 (negative numbers), for example, -2 and -1
Fractions, for example, 1/2 and 3 1/4
Decimals, for example, 7.675
Irrational numbers, for example, and (pi)
Imaginary numbers, for example, (i)
infinity, for example, and
0 (if not included as a natural number)
Basic operations
Addition; The sum of two natural numbers is a natural number.
Multiplication: The product of two natural numbers is a natural number.
Ordering: Of two natural numbers, if they are not the same, then one is bigger than the other, and the other is smaller. m = n or m > n or m < n
if l > m then l + n > m + n
if l > m and l > 0 then l x n > l x m
Zero is the smallest natural number: 0 = n or 0 < n
There is no largest natural number n < n + 1
"Subtraction": If n is smaller than m then m minus n is a natural number. If n < m then m - n = p.
if l - m = n then l = n + m
if n is greater than m, then m minus n is not a natural number
if l = m - n and p < n then l > m - p
Division: If then
Mathematical induction: If these two things are true of any property P of natural numbers, then P is true of every natural number
if P is true of 1
and if P of n then P of n+1
then P is true of all natural numbers
Special natural numbers
Even numbers: If n = m x 2, then n is an even number
The even numbers are 0, 2, 4, 6, and so on. Zero is the smallest (or first) even number.
Odd numbers: If n = m x 2 +1, then n is an odd number
A number is either even or odd but not both.
The odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, and so on.
Composite numbers: If n = m x l, and m and l are not 0 or 1, then n is a composite number.
The composite numbers are 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21 and so on.
Prime numbers: If a number is not 0, 1, and not a composite number, then it is a prime number.
The prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 and so on. Two is the smallest (or first) prime number. Two is the only even prime number.
There is no biggest prime number.
Square numbers: If n = m x m, then n is a square. n is the square of m.
The squares are 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49 and so on.
Papunya Tula

Papunya Tula Artists is a co-operative of Aboriginal Australian artists. It is owned and run by Aboriginal people of the Western Desert. It is famous for its development of the Western Desert art movement - widely referred to as "dot painting" - and is often credited with bringing Aboriginal art to the world's attention. The original group of artists started painting in the town of Papunya, but today the company is based in Alice Springs.
The origins of the company go back to 1971. Geoffrey Bardon, the school teacher at Papunya, taught the children to paint a mural using the classical style of body and sand art. Historically, paintings and designs are made by Aborigines to depict stories and songs about the dreamtime. The co-operative was formed in 1972 by a group of men from Bardon's classes. They painted spiritual designs used in ceremonial art, but using modern instruments (like acrylic paints on canvas).
As this style of art started to become famous, many in the Aboriginal community criticised the artists for revealing too many secrets from their sacred legends. Aborigines of the Western Desert believe that the knowledge of these things is dangerous; usually, a person must be initiated first, and this only happens when they are deemed "ready" by their community. In response, the artists changed or removed all detailed images of sacred symbols. In all works since then, these images have been hidden or left out completely.
In the late 1970s, many of the people at Papunya left and moved back to their traditional lands. But the company continued to grow, and it centralised in Alice Springs. In 1987, the National Gallery of Victoria bought eleven paintings by Warlimpirrnga Tjapaltjarri. As popularity of this style of art continued to grow, so did their value. In 2007, a single painting by Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri set a record at auction for Aboriginal art. It was bought for PS1.03 million, more than twice as much as the previous record-holder.
The first artists, including all of the company's founders, were men. In the early years, the men didn't like women painting. However, there was also a strong desire amongst many of the women to participate. In the 1990s large numbers of them began to create paintings.
Jim Leavelle

James Robert "Jim" Leavelle (August 23, 1920 - August 29, 2019) was a Dallas, Texas homicide detective who was escorting Lee Harvey Oswald through the basement of Dallas Police headquarters when Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby.
Early life
Leavelle was born and raised in Red River County, Texas. He served in the United States Navy during World War II, and was a sailor on board the USS Whitney during the December 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor bombings.
Career
He joined the Dallas Police Department in April 1950 and retired in April 1975.
Leavelle later said to author Joseph McBride that to him, the murder of President John F. Kennedy was "no different than a south Dallas nigger killing". This remark reveals that Leavelle was a racist who was not really concerned about who killed President Kennedy.
When Leavelle testified before the Warren Commission, he claimed that the first time he had ever sat in on an interrogation with Oswald was on Sunday morning, November 24, 1963. When Counsel Joseph Ball asked Leavelle if he had ever spoken to Oswald before this interrogation, he stated; "No; I had never talked to him before". Leavelle then stated during his testimony that; "...the only time I had connections with Oswald was this Sunday morning [November 24, 1963]. I never had [the] occasion to talk with him at any time..."
Leavelle believed that Oswald acted alone in killing Kennedy, and said that in a 2006 discussion, he was told by Oswald's brother Robert that he believes the same thing, "because I knew my brother."
Death
Leavelle died at a hospital on August 29, 2019, at the age of 99 while on a trip to Denver, Colorado from a heart attack while recovering from hip surgery.
Tales from the Vienna Woods

Tales from the Vienna Woods (original Geschichten aus dem Wiener Wald) is the most famous play by Austrian writer Odon von Horvath. It first performed in 1931 in Berlin. Johann Strauss wrote a piece of music with the same name (which is generally called "Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald"). This is where the title of the piece is from.
Dinesh Gunawardena

Dinesh Chandra Rupasinghe Gunawardena (, ; born 2 March 1949) is a Sri Lankan politician has served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka since July 2022. He has served as a member of parliament, cabinet minister, and Leader of the House in the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
Abe Fortas

Abraham "Abe" Fortas (June 19, 1910 - April 5, 1982) was an American lawyer. He was a U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice from 1965 to 1969.
Fortas died from an aortic rupture on April 5, 1982 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 71.
Washington, Kansas

Washington is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 1,131.
History
Washington was created in spring 1860. In 1860, it became the county seat. Until the end of the American Civil War, it was protected by two stockaded buildings, the Washington Company House and Woolbert's Stockade Hotel.
The first post office in Washington was created in November 1861.
Geography
Washington is at (39.816877, -97.052503). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 1,131 people, 512 households, and 311 families living in Washington.
Famous people
Charlie Becker - actor, lived in town for short time.
Phasmophobia (video game)

Phasmophobia is an indie survival horror game developed and published by Kinetic Games.
The game was released on Steam for Microsoft Windows in September 2020 in early access, along with VR support.
The game became popular the following month because of many well-known Twitch streamers and YouTubers playing it, mainly for the Halloween.
In October 2020, the game was the sixth-most popular game on Twitch and the best selling game on Steam globally.
Ontario Highway 416

Ontario Highway 416 is a provincial highway in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It connects the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 417) in Ottawa with Highway 401. It runs from south to north. It is .
Highway 416 starts at an interchange with Highway 401 near Johnstown. It continues north through rural areas until it reaches Ottawa near its northern end. It passes through several towns, including Spencerville and Kemptville. The highway ends at an interchange with Highway 417 east of Ottawa.
Shuttle

A shuttle is a tool designed to neatly and compactly store weft yarn while weaving. Shuttles are thrown or passed back and forth through the shed, between the yarn threads of the warp in order to weave in the weft.
The simplest shuttles, known as "stick shuttles", are made from a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. More complicated shuttles incorporate bobbins or pirns.
Shuttles are often made of wood from the Flowering Dogwood, because it is so hard, resists splintering, and can be polished to a very smooth finish.
Originally shuttles were passed back and forth by hand. However, John Kay invented a loom in 1733 that incorporated a flying shuttle. This shuttle could be thrown through the warp, which allowed much wider cloth to be woven much more quickly and made the development of machine looms much simpler and easier to use.
United States House Oversight Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

The Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties is a subcommittee within the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
1. FC Köln

1. FC Koln is a football club that is from Cologne, Germany. The 1. FC KOLN was created in 1948. It was a connection of two football clubs in Cologne (Kolner BC 01 und SpVgg Sulz 07).
In the present day, 1.FC Koln plays in the Bundesliga, the first teir of German football. The club's main rival is Borussia Monchengladbach, though their Ultra group WH96 does have friendly connections to The Unity of Borussia Dortmund.
Martragny

Martragny is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Moulins en Bessin.
Paco Rabanne

Francisco Rabaneda Cuervo (18 February 1934 - 3 February 2023), better known as Paco Rabanne, was a Spanish fashion designer.
Early life
At the age of five, he and his mother, a head seamstress at Balenciaga, escaped the Spanish Civil War by fleeing to France. There, he assumed the name Paco Rabanne. By the early 1960s, after training as an architect, he applied his skills towards avant-garde accessory design, proposing unique creations for several haute couture houses.
Career
He became notorious in the 1960s for creating bizarre yet influential garments made of unusual, nonwoven materials such as plastic and aluminum.
He left the fashion scene in 1999 to devote himself to other activities. His success was not only limited to clothing and costume design, in 1969 he had a smash hit with the metallic 'It' bag, a simple square envelope with a shoulder strap.
In 1999, he announced that at the age of seventeen he had visions of Parisians in flames throwing themselves into the Seine and that after studying other concordant prophecies, he came to the conclusion that the Mir space station was going to crash in France at the time of the solar eclipse of August 11, 1999.
Junzo Sekine

was a Japanese professional baseball player. He played as a pitcher and outfielder. He played for the Kintetsu Pearls/Buffaloes from 1950 to 1964. He also played for the Yomiuri Giants during the 1965 season. He later managed the Yokohama Taiyo Whales from 1982 to 1984 and the Yakult Swallows from 1987 to 1989. He was added into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 2003. He was born in Tokyo.
Sekine died on 9 April 2020 in Tokyo, at the age of 93.
Grayson County

Grayson County is the name of three counties in the United States:
Grayson County, Kentucky
Grayson County, Texas
Grayson County, Virginia
Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany

Prince Frederick Augustus, Duke of York and Albany, was born on August 16, 1763. He was the second son of George III. He was the heir to the throne from 1820 to his death.
Baizieux

Baizieux is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2010 the population was 213.
2021 Peru bus crash

On 12 April 2021, at around 7:00 am (local time) a bus of the company of "Fama Tours SA" crashed in an area with many mountains in the Pomabamba Province or Sihuas Province in the northern Ancash Region, Peru. The bus slipped and turned over. The bus was coming back from the areas of Huanchayllo and Parobamba District as it was heading to Lima. Further reasons for the crash have not yet been given. 18 people died at the location of the crash and another two people died on their way to the hospital. 14 people were injured.
Hans-Georg Gadamer

Hans-Georg Gadamer (; February 11, 1900 - March 13, 2002) was a German philosopher. His philosophy was about the continental tradition. He was best known for his 1960 magnum opus Truth and Method (Wahrheit und Methode) on hermeneutics.
Glendale, Wisconsin

Glendale is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States.
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda

The national flag of Antigua and Barbuda was started on February 27, 1967. It was designed by artist and sculptor, Sir Reginald Samuel. The rising sun is for the dawning of a new era. The colours have different meanings. The black is for the African ancestry of the people. The blue is for hope. The red is for energy or dynamism of the people. The colouring of yellow, blue, and white (from the sun down) is for the sun, sea, and sand. The blue also is for the Caribbean Sea. The V-shape is the symbol of victory.
I Love New York

I Love New York, seen visually as, "I ❤️ NY" was a design concept created by Milton Glaser in 1977. The song "I Love New York" is also the state song of New York. The logo was created by
Milton Glaser.
State Song
Lyrics
I love New York
(This is so exciting!)
I love New York
(And there's no place like it.)
I love New York
(This is so exciting!)
I love New York
(And there's no place like it.)
There isn't another like it
no matter where you go.
And nobody can compare it.
It's greater than place and show.
You know...
New York is special,
You know, New York is different!
'Cause there's no place else on earth quite like New York!
I love New York
(This is so exciting!)
I love New York
(And there's no place like it.)
I love New York
(This is so exciting!)
I love New York
(And there's no place like it.)
I love New York!
I love New York!
I Love New York!
I love New York!
There isn't another like it
no matter where you go.
And nobody can compare it.
It's greater than place and show.
You know...
New York is special,
You know, New York is different!
Tobias Enverga

Tobias C. Enverga, Jr. (December 2, 1955 - November 16, 2017) was a Filipino-born Canadian politician. He served as the Canadian senator representing the province of Ontario from 2012 until his death in 2017. He was born in Manila, the Philippines. He was co-chair of the Asian Heritage Month Celebration for the Greater Toronto Area and was previously a director of the Canadian Multicultural Council - Asians in Ontario.
Enverga died on November 15, 2017, while on a trip to Medellin, Colombia at the age of 61.
John Blain

John Angus Rae Blain is a first-class cricketer from Scotland. He plays for the Scotland national cricket team. He was born on January 4, 1979.
The Producers (2005 movie)

The Producers is a 2005 American musical comedy film written by Mel Brooks and Thomas Meehan and directed by Susan Stroman. The film is based on the eponymous 2001 Broadway musical, which in turn was based on Brooks' 1967 film of the same name.
The film stars Nathan Lane as Max Bialystock and Matthew Broderick as Leo Bloom.
Haslau bei Birkfeld

Haslau bei Birkfeld is a former municipality of the district Weiz in the Austrian state of Styria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Birkfeld.
UEFA Euro 1980

The UEFA Euro 1980 was the 6th UEFA European Football Championship tournament. Its formal name was the 1980 UEFA European Football Championship. It was held from 11 June to 22 June. All the European football teams could compete. The defending champion was Czechoslovakia. The tournament was hosted in Italy. 8 teams qualified for the final group stage. The winner of the tournament was Germany after defeating Belgium.
Marco Cornez

Marco Antonio Cornez Bravo (15 October 1957 - 21 May 2022) was a Chilean football goalkeeper. He played for Club Deportivo Palestino, Universidad Catolica, Club de Deportes Antofagasta, Everton de Vina del Mar and Municipal Iquique. He was a goalkeeper for Chile national football team at the 1982 FIFA World Cup. His international career lasted from 1982 to 1995. Cornez was born in Valparaiso, Chile.
Cornez was diagnosed with stomach cancer in 2021. He died on 21 May 2022 from the disease in Santiago de Chile, aged 64.
Shannon, Mississippi

Shannon is a town in Lee County, Mississippi, United States.
Sandra

The name Sandra [ san-druh, sahn- ] is a female given name, which is often used for short form of Alexandra or Cassandra. This name is a form of the masculine name Alexander, which from Greek means "protector of man". Many celebrities are named Sandra, including Sandra Dee, Sandra Bernhard and Sandra Bullock. This name was also used for tropical cyclones in the Eastern Pacific region. This name was ranked #998 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
Louis the Pious

Louis the Pious, also called Louis I, (778 - 840) was the third Carolingian King of Franks and 2nd Holy Roman Emperor (814 - 840), King of Aquitaine 781 to 814. He was Charlemagne's sixth son.
Joliet, Illinois

Joliet is a city in Illinois in the United States. Joliet is 40 miles southwest of Chicago, and is the county seat of Will County. About 106,000 people lived in Joliet as of the year 2000, and about 146,000 people lived in Joliet as of the year 2007. Joliet is one of Illinois' quickest growing cities, and one of the quickest growing cities in the United States. It is also home to the Chicagoland Speedway used by NASCAR annually.
Cheltenham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania

Cheltenham Township is a home rule township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 36,793 at the 2010 U.S. Census. It is the third most populous township in Montgomery County.
Cassie Ventura

Casandra Elizabeth Ventura (better known as Cassie; born August 26, 1986) is an American singer, actress, model and dancer. She began her career by way of meeting record producer Ryan Leslie in late 2004.
Cassie's self titled first album was released in August 2006. It peaked at #4 on the Billboard 200. It has the Billboard Hot 100 Top 3 hit "Me & U". She released the song "Official Girl" (which also had Lil Wayne) in 2008. Then she released "Let's Get Crazy" with Akon and "Must be Love" with Sean "Diddy" Combs.
Cassie is signed up to modeling agency Wilhelmina Models and One Management. She earlier modeled for Calvin Klein one. She has been shown in magazines, like GQ.
Cassie made her movie start as Sophie Donovan in the dance movie Step Up 2: The Streets in 2008. She also sang the lead song "Is it You" from the Step Up 2 soundtrack.
Cassie was born in New London, Connecticut.
Ant etkenmen

"Ant etkenmen" ("I've promised") is the anthem of the Crimean Tatars, the indigenous people of Crimea. It was also the anthem of the short-lived Crimean People's Republic. The lyrics were written by Noman Celebicihan.
Lyrics
In Crimean Tatar
Translations
Hartwick, Iowa

Hartwick is a city in Iowa in the United States. In 2000, 83 people lived in Hartwick.
Beardstown, Illinois

Beardstown is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Abdel Latif El Zein

Abdel Latif El Zein (; 23 November 1932 - 26 May 2019) was a Lebanese politician. He served as a member of the Lebanese Parliament from 1960 to 2018. He was also the national Minister of Agriculture. He was born in Kfar Remen.
Zein died on 26 May 2019, at the age of 86.