kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Distribution (mathematics)

This is about distribution in a mathematical sense, other meanings can be found at distribution
In mathematics, a distribution is a generalisation of a function. Distributions were introduced in the middle of the 20th century by Laurent Schwartz, who received a Fields Medal for his work on them. The Fields medal is comparable to a Nobel Prize in mathematics, which does not exist.
Distributions were introduced to model certain concepts from Physics. Physics has the concept of a mass of points in space. The Dirac delta function can model an electromagnetic charge of a point in space. The Dirac delta function is zero everywhere, except at one point, where it is infinitely large. This needs to be the case, because the density function needs to be 1. There is no function that can meet this criterion, except if integraton is taken as a function in the mathematical sense.
Today, distributions are used in different fields of mathematics and physics, for example to model Partial differential equations or Fourier analyses, which are important for Quantum electrodynamics or signal processing.
Vehicle registration plates of Austria

Austrian car number plates are required vehicle registration plates in Austria. The plate have the registration mark() of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to show that cars are legal to be used on the streets. The plates are also proof of a liability insurance and are used to identify the vehicle.
Sean Spicer

Sean Michael Spicer (born September 23, 1971) is an American political strategist. He was the 30th White House Press Secretary and Communications Director for President Trump until his resignation on July 21, 2017.
Spicer was communications director of the Republican National Committee from 2011 to 2017 and its chief strategist from 2015 to 2017. On December 22, 2016, Spicer was named as Trump's White House Press Secretary and two days later Spicer was also named as the White House Communications Director. He assumed both positions with Trump's inauguration on January 20, 2017.
On July 21, 2017, Spicer announced his intention to resign as White House Press Secretary, and formally left the White House on August 31, 2017.
The Gift of the Magi

"The Gift of the Magi" is a short story by O. Henry. It was published in The New York Sunday World on December 10, 1905.
20th-century American short stories
Abarca de Campos

Abarca de Campos is a municipality in Palencia province in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Nándor Hidegkuti

Nandor Hidegkuti (3 March 1922 - 14 February 2002) was a Hungarian football player and manager. He played as a forward or attacking midfielder and mostly played for MTK Hungaria FC.
Hidegkuti died on 14 February 2002 after suffering from heart and lung problems for some time before his death. MTK Hungaria FC renamed their stadium, Hidegkuti Nandor Stadium in his honour.
Frankenstein's monster

Frankenstein's monster is a fictional character from Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. He is created by another character in the novel called Victor Frankenstein. The creature has no name in popular culture, but is sometimes called "creature", "monster", "fiend", "wretch", "vile insect", "daemon", "being", and "it".
In the novel, Victor creates the human-like monster in the upstairs room of his apartment at the University of Ingolstadt. He creates it by putting together body parts from graveyards and butcher shops. He uses a method that is not clearly explained involving chemistry and galvanism to make the creature come alive. Victor leaves the creature in horror the minute it is awake. It leaves his apartment in the middle of the night.
Appearance
In the novel, the monster looks as though:
He is 8.1 feet tall because Victor believed that it would be easier to make a human body if all the body parts were bigger. In popular media and culture, he is shown with green skin. In the novel, his skin is actually more of a yellow hue. The green portrayal of the creature with electricity bolts in his neck came from Boris Karloff's movie portrayal of the monster.
Personality
In the beginning, Frankenstein's monster is like a baby. He is unable to talk. He discovers the world through sensing and observing. The monster develops understanding of simple things such as temperatures of hot and cold, sounds of birds chirping, and the differences between the sun and the moon. He eats roots, nuts, and berries when he is hungry. He finds a coat and some books while out in the wilderness.
He is described as sensitive, emotional, intelligent, prone to anger and violence, and very good at speaking. He learns how to speak from a family that he observes. He teaches himself how to read the books that he found. He has a severe sense of rejection from Victor and from every human he encounters. He has bad experiences with people. That makes him feel as though he is hated and unwanted. He resents humans and even feels hateful towards them because of how he has been treated. As a response, he kills several people, including Victor's younger brother William, Victor's best friend Henry Clerval, and later Victor's wife Elizabeth Lavenza.
Many movie adaptations have him mute and like a child instead of being intelligent.
Relationship with Victor
The creature has a complex relationship with Victor. He was rejected by Victor in the beginning, but he still wants to have a "father-like" figure. Victor is the only real human connection that the monster has. He demands that Victor take responsibility for his happiness.
In the novel, the creature refers to himself as "Adam". This makes Victor a sort of God-like figure.
After the monster learns how to read and speak, he goes on a journey to find Victor. He meets him in the mountains and tells him his story. After telling Victor about his difficult journey, he asks Victor to make a female monster for him so that he does not have to be alone anymore.
Miyuki Yanagita

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Yanagita was born in Chigasaki on April 11, 1981. When she was a high school student, she played for NTV Beleza. In 2000, she graduated from high school and she joined Tasaki Perule FC. In 2006, she moved to Urawa Reds. She retired end of 2012 season. She played 239 matches at 3 clubs in Nadeshiko League and she was selected Best Eleven 3 times (2006, 2009 and 2010).
In December 1997, when Yanagita was 16 years old, she was selected the Japan national team for 1997 AFC Championship. At this competition, on December 5, she debuted and scored a goal against Guam. She was a member of Japan for 1999, 2003, 2007 World Cup, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics. She played 91 games and scored 11 goals for Japan until 2008.
Assevillers

Assevillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 267.
Dawan Landry

Dawan Landry (born December 30, 1982) is an American former professional football strong safety. He played 9 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Baltimore Ravens, Jacksonville Jaguars, and New York Jets. He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in 2006, and has had a relatively successful career with Baltimore and Jacksonville. Landry missed most of 2008 with an injury, but that was the only season in which he did not play in all 16 games. He had 5 interceptions in 2006 (one toutchdown), four interceptions and a touchdown in 2009, a score in 2010, and two interceptions in 2011. Landry also came in second for the Ravens in 2010 with 111 tackles. He retired after the 2014 NFL season.
Brewarrina Aboriginal Fish Traps

The Brewarrina fish traps (Also known as Baiames Ngunnhu) are located in the town of Brewarrina on the Barwon River in the north west of New South Wales, around 800 km northwest of Sydney. It is the largest known Aboriginal fish trap facility in Australia. It is believed to be the oldest human construction in the world although it hasn't been confirmed yet.
The fish traps are probably around 40,000 years old, although the exact date is not known. They are around 500 m long. They are in the Ngunnhu Aboriginal territory. The fish traps consisted of many small stone circles that could be separated by stone weirs. There the fish were led so that they could be caught. The design, complexity and size of the facility are unique in Australia. For this reason they are a national monument.
Before the European settlement, the Aboriginals used the river for fishing. Stones were removed from the river by the settlers to allow paddle steamers to travel, and rocks were removed in the 1920s to be used for house foundations and roads. The steamships could not sail in the dry season.
The Ngunnhu people had strong social, cultural and spiritual relationships with other Aboriginal groups, and they also allowed other Aboriginal countries to fish according to rules, times and periods. They were associated with the Aborigines of the Kamilaroi, Marowari, Paarkinji, Weilwan, Barbinja and Ualaria. The neighbouring Aboriginal countries were invited by Ngunnhu to cooroborees, ceremonies, initiations, trade and barter.
The Ngunnhu attribute the possibility of fishing to the mythical Baiame, a dreamtime creature who created the landscape, lakes, rivers and beings.
The plant is partly overgrown by reeds. The fish ladder was opened on June 3 2005 registered in the Australian National Heritage List because it was of particular historical importance for the social and cultural coexistence within the Aboriginals.
Mesocyclone

A mesocyclone is a vortex of air, about 2 to 10 km in diameter (the mesoscale of meteorology), inside a convective storm.
That is, it is air that rises and rotates around a vertical axis, usually in the same direction as low pressure systems in a given hemisphere. They are most often cyclonic, that is, related with a localized low pressure area inside a severe thunderstorm. Such storms can create strong surface winds and a lot of hail. Mesocyclones often happen together with updrafts in supercells, where tornadoes may form.
The word mesocyclone originated around 1970-75; meso- + cyclone] This word is first recorded in the period 1970-75. meso- is a combining form meaning "middle," used in the formation of compound words.
Mesocyclones are normally relatively very small in size; they lie between the synoptic scale (hundreds of kilometers) and small scale (hundreds of meters).
Montana, Switzerland

Montana was a municipality of the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
It was one of the six municipalities that form the ski resort Crans-Montana (together with Icogne, Lens, Randogne, Mollens and Chermignon).
On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Montana, Chermignon, Mollens and Randogne merged into the new municipality of Crans-Montana.
Hersberg

Hersberg is a municipality in Liestal in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
Kiel Canal

The Kiel Canal is a waterway in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The canal connects the North Sea from the River Elbe to the Baltic Sea at Kiel. The Canal is about long. The canal was first opened to traffic on 19 June 1895. It was then improved to allow the largest warships to pass through. The formal reopening of the improved canal was on June 24, 1914. The Kiel Canal is the busiest artificial waterway for seagoing ships worldwide. In 2014, 32,600 ships passed through the waterway.
1990s

The 1990s was the decade that started on January 1, 1990, and ended on December 31, 1999.
Hancock County, Illinois

Hancock County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,620. Its county seat is Carthage, and largest city is Hamilton. The county is made up of rural towns with many farmers.
Hancock County was founded in 1825 and named in honor of John Hancock, who clearly signed the Declaration of Independence.
Antoni Martí

Antoni Marti Petit (born November 10, 1963) is an Andorran architect and politician.Andorra: Tax, foreign investment in the heart of early parliamentary Pisqa, 3 April 2011 He was the Prime Minister from 11 May 2011 to 16 May 2019.
FC Lustenau 07

FC Lustenau 07 is an football club from Lustenau, Vorarlberg in Austria. They play in the Vorarlbergliga, the highest level in Vorarlberg. The club is the oldest football club in Vorarlberg.
History
The roots of the club laid in the Turnverein Lustenau. Many of the young members of the club played football. After discussions the football section left the club and formed on 20 September 1907 at the Gasthof zur Sonne the FC Lustenau. Many of the clubs in Vorarlberg were founded with the help of players of FC Lustenau(for example FC Dornbirn 1913 and the second club from Lustenau SC Austria Lustenau ).
During the First World War there was no football in Vorarlberg. But after the war many new clubs were found. So the FC Lustenau was interested in forming a football association, which was formed in 1920.
The most important player of FC Lustenau before the Second World War was Ernst Kunz.He played in the 1936 Olympic football team of Austria. The team won the silver medal.
During the Second World war there was again no football in Vorarlberg. But 1945 the team started again under the name FC Rapid Lustenau. In 1947 they got their old name FC Lustenau 07 back. In 2000 the club was promoted to the Austrian First League. 2004 they were relegated. In the 2005/06 season they won the Regionalliga West with 27 wins, 3 draws and 0 lost (104:22 goals). Till the 2012-13 season they played in the Austrian First League. Due to financial problems the club played the next season in Vorarlberg 2. Landesklasse (Level 7). Till the 2019-20 season they reached the Vorarlbergliga (Level 4) the highest level in Vorarlberg football.
Patrick Delsemme

Patrick Delsemme (13 September 1974 - 8 December 2022) was a Belgian snooker player from Liege. He has been named one of the greatest Belgian snooker talents ever.
Biography
When he was 17 years old he finished second at the under-21 world championships in Bangalore, losing the final from Ronnie O'Sullivan. A year later he finished again second in Brunei, losing this time from Robin Hull. Delsemme became Belgian junior champion in 1991 and 1992 and became senior champion in 1995 andd 1997. He was for seven years a professional player. In 2001 he had his best season where he was ranked 107th worldwide, he was suspended for two years after testing positive for the use of cannabis twice. He also lost his ranking points and also had to pay back the prize money he won at those tournaments (PS11,000).
In 2022 Delsemme had taken part by invitation in a major snooker tournament in Casablanca, Morocco, where he died on 8 December 2022, at the age of 48.
Lowesville, Virginia

Lowesville is an unincorporated community in Nelson County, Virginia, United States. It lies along the path of the now-defunct Virginia Blue Ridge Railway.
Tardelcuende

Tardelcuende is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Daruma doll

The doll is a hollow, round, traditional Japanese doll. It is modeled after Bodhidharma, the founder of the Zen sect of Buddhism.
The Daruma dolls are a kind of toy (omocha). The Daruma figurine is also a tumbler doll or roly-poly toy. When the doll is tumbled about, it rights itself. The two were well recognized as synonymous by the mid-19th century. Today, Daruma dolls are widely known, regardless of religion or sect.
Most daruma dolls are made of papier mache, and weighted at the bottom so the doll stands. The dolls are typically painted red. Darumas are sold with the eyes being white. Most daruma dolls are made in Takasaki City at the center of Japan. A fair is held in early January every year for the sale of darumas. Daruma dolls are symbols of good luck and business prosperity.
Daruma eyes
Dolls are sold without the eyes painted in. The custom is to make a resolution or a wish and darken the left eye of the daruma. When the resolution or the wish is fulfilled, the right eye is also darkened. This custom is seen widely today especially in the case of election or entrance examination in.
Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

The Conservatoire national des arts et metiers (; CNAM) is a graduate engineering school in Paris, France. It was created in 1794.
Its different programs lead to the following French and European degrees:
Ingenieur CNAM (CNAM Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science & PhD doctorate studies
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Courses
Classes and research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen nationalities participate in the different programs at CNAM.
Purleigh

Purleigh is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1147 people living in Purleigh.
James Montgomery (colonel)

James Montgomery (December 22, 1814 - December 6, 1871) was a Jayhawker during Bleeding Kansas. He was also a controversial Union colonel during the American Civil War. Montgomery was a strong supporter of abolitionist ideas and individual liberty, and he used extreme actions against pro-slavery people.
Early life and Bleeding Kansas
James Montgomery was born on December 22, 1814 in Austinburg, Ashtabula County, Ohio; his parents were James and Mary Baldwin Montgomery. He moved to Kentucky in 1837 with his parents, and he taught school there. He married, but his first wife died shortly after the wedding, so he married again to Clarinda Evans. They moved to Pike County, Missouri in 1852, and then to Jackson County, and finally to Bates County while waiting for Kansas to be open to settlement.
In 1854 Montgomery bought land near present-day Mound City, Kansas. There, he became a leader of local Free-state men and was a strong abolitionist. In 1857 he organized and led a "Self-Protective Company", using it to move pro-slavery people out of the area. Fights with other pro-slavery people led territorial governor James W. Denver to send U.S. Army soldiers in to restore order. Montgomery sometimes worked with the abolitionist John Brown and thought about doing a raid to rescue Brown after his capture in Virginia, but snow in Pennsylvania upset his plan.
Civil War
On July 24, 1861, Montgomery was hired as a colonel of the 3rd Kansas Infantry of U.S. Senator James H. Lane's Kansas brigade, with Montgomery as second-in-command of the brigade.
Later life
After the war, Montgomery went back to his farm in Linn County, Kansas, where he died on December 6, 1871.
Broken Arrow

Broken Arrow can be:
Broken Arrow (military)
Broken Arrow, Oklahoma
Broken Arrow (1996 movie)
Jefferson County, Alabama

Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama.
The county was named after Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States. The county has the largest population of any county in Alabama. As of the 2020 U.S. census, 674,721 people lived there. The largest city in Jefferson County is Birmingham, Alabama.
History
Jefferson County was created by the Alabama legislature on December 13, 1819, 42 years before the American Civil War.
Bankruptcy
Jefferson County was spending more than its total revenue, so it sold bonds to finance its operating deficits. Normally, governments sell bonds to borrow money to build infrastructure. But Jefferson County borrowed money to put off tax increases or service reductions. Jefferson County worked with Wall Street banks (such as J.P. Morgan) to sell the bonds and to make interest rate swaps on its debt. These financial deals happened in 2002 and 2003 while the economy was healthy. People who purchase bonds want to know the source of the money to pay back the bonds. So, Jefferson County used its sewer system fees to back its bonds. The county sold $3.14 billion in sewer bonds. It also paid the banks millions of dollars of fees for their help in selling the bonds and setting up the county's debt.
By 2011, Jefferson County could no longer borrow more money and its total revenues fell because of the bad economy. So, the county went to Wall Street and asked them to forgive $1 billion of the debt. After months of talking, the county and the banks were $130 million apart from a final agreement. The banks wanted the county to raise sewer rates to cover the missing money. The county wanted the banks to forgive more debt.
On November 9, 2011, the county gave up and filed for bankruptcy. Jefferson County became the subject of the most expensive municipal bankruptcy ever in the United States, at $4.1 billion, with debts of $3.14 billion relating to sewer work. This means that a court will decide what the county owes. Under bankruptcy, people who loaned money to the county will not get all of their money back.
Massonnens

Massonnens is a municipality of the district of Glane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
Ted Demme

Edward Kern "Ted" Demme (October 26, 1963 - January 14, 2002) was an American movie director and producer. His career began in 1988. His movies included The Ref (1994), Beautiful Girls (1996), Life and Blow. He died during a celebrity basketball game in Santa Monica, California due to a heart attack. The heart attack may have been caused by cocaine. He was 38 years old when he died.
He was married to Amanda Demme from 1994 until his death. The couple had two sons. He was the nephew of Jonathan Demme.
SC Hakoah Graz

The Sportclub Hakoah Graz ( - strength) was a Jewish sports and football club from the Styrian capital Graz. It was beside Sturm and GAK the third top league team from Graz.
History
The club was founded on 12 March 1919 to offer the Jewish people of Graz (around 4000) the possibility to do sports. The old club Judischen Turnvereins zu Graz was dissolved in 1917. Jewish officials were against the club. The club was highly accepted by the young football players.
In 1921, the football section took part in the 2.Klasse of the Styrian football championship. The first classes of the federal states were the highest, because at that time there was no Austrian-wide championship. The champion of Viennas highest league was considered Austrian champion. They played in blue and white jerseys with the Star of David on the breast. It was difficult for them to play because they had no ground of their own. Due to the antisemitism of that time other clubs often did not allow them to use their grounds. In 1923, they leased an own ground.
In the 1921/22 season, they reached the first place and were promoted to the 1. Klasse. In the 1. Klasse, the club was again confronted with antisemitism. The Deutscher Sportverein Leoben and Turnverein Leibniz did not want to play against a Jewish club. They were disqualified. During the years in the first class Hakoah often reached places on top of the table.
In 1935, the club was relegated to the 2. Klasse. The reason for this was that some players went to other clubs and some ended their career because antisemitism grew at that time. The club also lost its ground which was only leased. The contract was not prolonged. In the Second Class, they gained again strength but the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany ended its history. The club was dissolved like all other Jewish sports clubs in Austria.
Edith Wilmans

Edith Wilmans ( December 21, 1882 - March 21, 1966) was a politician. She helped lead in the Democratic party, fighting for women's rights. Wilmans was born in Louisiana as Edith Eunice Therrel. She was married in 1900 to Hall Wilmans, and later they had three daughters. Wilmans first started fighting for women's rights when she undertook organizing a Dallas organization for women's rights. In 1918 Wilmans decided she wanted to become a lawyer to help women's voting rights. She then got a job for the Texas legislature in 1923, three years after the 19th amendment was passed. During her time on the job, she was part of the office that passed laws to give more money to schools in Dallas. In 1925 she was asked by Pat M. Neff to be part of state Supreme Court. She then later left because she didn't have the training to be on the court.
Ken Roberts (rugby league)

Kenneth "Ken" Roberts (died 8 August 2017) was an English professional rugby league footballer. He played in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, playing at representative level for Great Britain and Lancashire, and at club level for Swinton, Halifax, Bradford Northern, Rochdale Hornets and Salford.
Roberts was born in Atherton, Lancashire. He died on 8 August 2017.
Zodiac (movie)

Zodiac is a 2007 American thriller movie directed by David Fincher and based on the book of the same name. It was released on March 2, 2007. It is about investigation and manhunt for the serial killer Zodiac who has been active during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Wisques

Wisques is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Retroflex consonant

A retroflex consonant is a sound made with your tongue curled back. English has no retroflex consonants.
Tapir

Tapirs are odd-toed ungulates form the family Tapiridae. The only living genus is Tapirus. The first tapirids appeared in the Eocene epoch, and by the Oligocene they looked similar to the present-day species. For much of their history, tapirs were spread across the Northern Hemisphere extinct as recently as 10,000 years ago.
Taxonomy
Family Tapiridae
Brazilian tapir or Lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris)
Mountain Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque)
Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii)
Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus)
Kabomani tapir (Tapirus kabomani)
Appearance
Tapirs are about 2 m / 7 ft long and about 1 meter / 3 ft high. They weigh between 150 - 300 kg / 330 - 700 lb. They have a rounded body and very short stubby tails. Tapirs have hoofed toes, with four toes on the front feet and three toes on the hind feet. The Tapir's upper lip and nose have formed a short trunk, and they have a long tongue.
Tapirs have a short fur, with colors that are reddish-brown to grey to nearly black. Exceptions are the Mountain Tapir and the Asian Tapir. The Mountain Tapir has longer wooly fur. The Asian Tapir has a black front part and legs, and a white middle part and back. All baby tapirs have brown fur, with lighter stripes and dots for camouflage.
Tapirs cannot see very well, but they have good hearing and a very good sense of smell. Tapirs also swim very well.
Habitat
Tapirs live in of South America and Central America, except the Asian Tapir which lives in Southeast Asia.
Tapirs live in dense forests, and close to water.
Life
Tapirs are active at night. They eat leaves, fruit, berries, vegetables and nuts.
Tapirs live alone. After a pregnancy of about 13 months, the female gives birth to a single baby. After half a year the baby starts to lose the baby-coloring of its fur. When the young tapir is one year old it looks like an adult tapir, and it leaves its mother. Tapirs become mature when they are 4 years old. Tapirs can become 25 - 30 years old.
Gaming computer

A gaming PC is a personal computer that is specialized for playing video games. People generally build gaming pcs.
Miguel Ángel Cascallana

Miguel Angel Cascallana Guerra (26 February 1948 - 26 January 2015) was a Spanish handball player. He competed for his country in team handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. He finished 15th in the Olympic tournament. He played in all five matches and scored three goals.
Cascallana was born in Herrera de Pisuerga, Castile and Leon. He died on 26 January 2015 in Alicante, at the age of 66.
Mayumi Moriyama

was a Japanese politician. She was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. She was a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet. She was Japan's first female Chief Cabinet Secretary.
Moriyama died in Tokyo at the age of 93 on 14 October 2021.
Stella Hackel Sims

Stella Hackel Sims (born December 27, 1926) was an American civil servant. She was the Vermont State Treasurer from 1975 through 1977. She later served as Director of the United States Mint from 1977 to 1981. She was a Democrat.
Sims was born in Burlington, Vermont.
Kaltag, Alaska

Kaltag is a town in Alaska. Kaltag is on the west bank of the Yukon River, 120 km (75 miles) west of Galena. In 2002, there were 230 people living in Kaltag. Most of the people who live in Kaltag are native Americans.
History
The first people to live in the area were the Koyokon people, part of the Athabascan nation. They used Kaltag as a cemetery for surrounding villages. It is on an old walking track which led west through the mountains to Unalakleet. The Athabascans had many camps in the area. They moved as the animals they hunted for food moved to different areas. There were 12 summer fish camps on the Yukon River between the Koyukuk River and the Nowitna River.
The Russians named Kaltag after a Koyokon man named Kaltaga.
In 1839 smallpox killed many of the people who lived in the area.
When the United States took over Alaska, the army built a telegraph line along the north side of the Yukon River. A trading post opened around 1880. There was a gold rush in 1884-85. Steamboats travelled along the river carrying supplies for the gold miners. In 1900 there were 46 steamboats on the river. Measles and food shortages during 1900 reduced the population of the area by one-third. The village of Kaltag began after this when the people who were left in three nearby villages moved to the area.
By 1906, most of the people looking gold had left for Fairbanks or Nome. The Galena lead mines opened 1919. Kaltag was down the river from the mines and grew as a point on the transportation route for the mines. It declined in the 1940s as mining declined.
The old cemetery was washed into the river around 1937. An airport and medical clinic were built during the 1960s.
Kaltag today
Kaltag has a week long Stick Dance Festival every two years that draws visitors from many other villages. This festival is held by relatives of people who have died, to thank those who helped during their time of mourning.
Most of the people in Kaltag live by hunting and fishing. Salmon, whitefish, moose, bear, waterfowl and berries are the main foods.
Abetone Cutigliano

Abetone Cutigliano is a comune in the Province of Pistoia in the Tuscany region in Italy. It was created on 1 January 2017 from the former municipalities of Abetone and Cutigliano.
Solange Sanfourche

Solange Sanfourche (July 18, 1922, Carsac-Aillac - June 12, 2013, Sarlat-la-Caneda) was a French resistance fighter during World War II. In Perigueux in December 1945, Sanfourche married Edouard Valery, who was the head of the resistance movement during World War II. Sanfourche, whose nom de guerre was Marie-Claude, was a secretary, typist and liaison. During the occupation, the Sanfourche family had housed and concealed dozens of secret battles in Perigueux, which the Gestapo or the French militia wanted to access.
Craig County, Virginia

Craig County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 4,892 people lived there. Its county seat is New Castle.
Bougainville

Bougainville may refer to:
Louis-Antoine de Bougainville, French explorer.
Bougainville (island), an island in east Papua New Guinea.
Bougainville Autonomous Region, administrative division of Papua New Guinea.
Hopsin

Marcus Jamal Hopson (born July 18, 1985 in Los Angeles, California), known professionally as Hopsin, is an American rapper, hip hop producer, actor and music video director.
Hopsin was signed to Ruthless Records in 2007. He left later due to lack of support and financial compensation. Hopsin was angry at the owner Tomica Wright and claimed that she didn't know what she was doing. He stated that his first studio album Gazing at the Moonlight was released without his consent and that he wasn't even able to listen to the mastered version before it was released. He left the label when Tomica said "He doesn't do his job as an artist". In 2009, Hopsin founded an independent label called Funk Volume with business partner Dame Ritter. He also acted as a minor character in an episode of That's So Raven, made a guest appearance in the movie Fame and starred in the independent movie Bomb the World.
Happisburgh

Happisburgh, pronounced "Hazeborough", is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is on the coast, to the east of a north-south road, the B1159. Its population is under 1,000.
This small place became a site of national archaeological importance in 2010. Flint tools over 800,000 years old were unearthed. This is the oldest evidence of human occupation anywhere in the UK. In May 2013, a series of early human footprints were discovered on the beach at the site, providing direct evidence of early human activity at the site. Rough seas had eroded the sandy beach. This uncovered some elongated hollows.
Husby

Husby is a locality in Hedemora Municipality in Dalarna County in Sweden. In 2010, 256 people lived there.
Paincourtville, Louisiana

Paincourtville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Assumption Parish, Louisiana, United States. 911 people lived here at the 2010 census.
Reugney

Reugney is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region in eastern France.
Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow

Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow, GCIH (born March 20, 1921) is a Senegalese educator. He was born in Dakar.
M'bow served in France and North Africa during World War II after volunteering for the French army. After the end of the war he studied geography at the Sorbonne University in Paris.
M'bow began working for UNESCO in 1953 and was the director-general from 1974 to 1987, being the first black African to head a United Nations support organisation.
Thounaojam

Thounaojam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
South of the Border (Ed Sheeran song)

"South of the Border" is a Latin pop/Hip hop/R&B/Pop rap song by British singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran featuring Cuban-American singer Camila Cabello and Dominican-American singer Cardi B, released on July 12, 2019. It is in Sheeran's fourth studio album, No.6 Collaborations Project. Comercially, it reached the top eight and got certified Gold or higher in eleven countries.
Ocuilan Municipality

Ocuilan is a municipality in the state of Mexico in Mexico.
Splinter (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)

Splinter is the mentor figure for the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. He is a rat who raised the four turtles.
Portrayals
Splinter has been played by Kevin Clash, Mako Iwamatsu, and Tony Shalhoub in movies based on TMNT.
Suez Governorate

Suez Governorate is a governorate in Egypt. The capital city is also named Suez. The governorate is north of the Gulf of Suez.
Loudness

Volume can mean loudness, for example, in the volume control on computers and televisions which lets you tell the unit how loud you want its sound to be. Loudness is measured in decibels (dB) and can be measured using a "decibel meter" or "sound level meter".
Islam Karimov

Islam Abduganievitj Karimov (30 January 1938 - 2 September 2016) was the first President of Uzbekistan from 1990 to 2016.
On 29 August 2016 he was reported to be in intensive care, after suffering a stroke.
It was announced that Karimov died on 2 September 2016. The government confirmed the news later that day.
Pape Diouf

Mababa "Pape" Diouf (18 December 1951 - 31 March 2020) was a Senegalese journalist. He is best known for being the president of French football club Olympique de Marseille between 2005 and 2009. He has been noted by publications as the first black president of a top-tier football club in Europe. He moved to Marseille at the age of eighteen.
Diouf was born in Abeche, Chad, to Senegalese parents. His family moved back to Senegal shortly after Diouf's birth.
On 31 March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Diouf died in Dakar due to the disease. He was 68.
ENSTA Paris

Ecole nationale superieure de techniques avancees (ENSTA ParisTech) is a engineering graduate school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Paris-Saclay.
Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
Ingenieur ENSTA ParisTech (ENSTA ParisTech Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Course.
Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSTA ParisTech.
Most of the 600 graduate engineer students at ENSTA ParisTech live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.
Admission
Admission to the "ENSTA ParisTech engineering Programme" implemented at ENSTA ParisTech is possible after two/three year scientific undergraduate studies and requires success to either:
an admission exam for Bachelors of Sciences ;
a French nationwide selective exam with numerus clausus : concours Mines-Ponts (3-year curriculum including at least 2 years in France)
a selective application as per Top Industrial Managers for Europe (TIME) double degrees procedures applicable in Europe (2+2-year curriculum, including 2 years in France)
The "ENSTA Programme" typically lasts three years and results in a master's degree, augmented with international experience. Thus undergraduate studies + the ENSTA Programme account for more than a cumulated 300 ECTS credits as applicable in the European education system.
However, graduate students enrolled in the TIME double degree procedure are required to spend two-years at ENSTA ParisTech and spend two years in the TIME-partner institute for a total of four years resulting in a double master's degree.
North–South divide in the United Kingdom

In Great Britain, the term North-South divide refers to the economic and cultural differences that some people notice between Southern England and the rest of Great Britain (Northern England, Wales and Scotland). The divide cuts through the English Midlands.
Alex Campbell (politician)

Alexander Bradshaw Campbell (born December 1, 1933) is a politician of Prince Edward Island. In 1965, he was elected leader of the PEI Liberal Party and, in 1966 took the party to power becoming, at 32, one of the youngest premiers ever elected in Canada. He also held the position of Attorney-General from 1966 until 1969.
Goldsmith, Texas

Goldsmith is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Rayman (character)

Rayman is the title character of the Rayman video game franchise. He has no arms, legs and a neck.
Development
Michel Ancel came up with the character because there were limits on the game's data.
Portrayals
Rayman has been voiced by David Gasman and Billy West in the franchise.
Reception
Rayman is considered one of the best Ubisoft characters thanks to the simple animation for him and his friendly attitude.
Maine Mendoza

Nicomaine Dei Capili Mendoza, popularly known as Maine Mendoza or Yaya Dub, is a Filipina actress, comedienne, internet celebrity, host, and model.
Mendoza was discovered because of her viral Dubsmash Videos in the internet. In the noontime show Eat Bulaga's Kalyeserye, she was cast as Yaya Dub, the maid of Grandma Nidora (portrayed by actor Wally Bayola). Her accidental pairing to actor Alden Richards led to the formation of the love team AlDub.
Biography
Maine Mendoza was born in the province of Bulacan on March 3, 1995. Her parents were Mary Ann and Teddy Mendoza. She has two brothers and two sisters and all of their names start with Nico. She finished her elementary education at St. Paul School of Sta. Maria Bulacan and high school at St. Paul College of Bocaue. She completed a bachelor's degree in Hotel, Restaurant and Institution Management major in Culinary Arts at De La Salle-College of St. Benilde.
Mendoza rose to popularity because of her viral Dubsmash Videos of celebrities like Kris Aquino. Her famous character Yaya Dub first appeared on July 5, 2015. Her character was accidentally paired to the actor Alden Richards which led to the formation of the love team AlDub. In Kalyeserye, the two communicated each other through the use of audio samples and handwritten messages shown on the split screen. Mendoza and Richards will have their first film together, My Bebe Love, at the end of year 2015. This movie will be Mendoza's first film debut.
Czechoslovak Television

Czechoslovak Television (CST) was a television network. It was the main broadcaster of Czechoslovakia. It closed in 1993 because Czechoslovakia became two new countries, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
In the Czech language, it was called Ceskoslovenska televize.
In the Slovak language, it was called Ceskoslovenska televizia until 1990. In 1990, they changed the Slovak name to Cesko-slovenska televizia.
History
Czechoslovak Television started on 1st May 1953. It was just one television programme, which was a few hours long.
Czechoslovak Television was heavily censored by the communist government. In 1968, the government allowed Czechoslovak Television to mention the Prague Spring protests for a few days. However, in 1969, the government started to censor CST heavily again.
Launch of a second channel
On May 10, 1970, Czechoslovak Television made a second television channel, CST TV2.
Colour Television
On May 9, 1973, Czechoslovak Television started to show television programmes in colour on CST TV2. Two years later, they started colour television programmes on the first channel too.
In 1979, a studio was opened in the Kavci mountains, which became the home of Czechoslovak Television's news department.
CST TV2 is split into two separate channels
In November 1989, Czechoslovak Television renamed the first channel F1, with the 'F' meaning the federal district of Czechoslovakia. The second channel was replaced by two new channels: CTV, which was in the Czech language and S1, which was in the Slovak language.
They also created a new third channel in Czech on 14 May 1990, called OK3, using technology which used to broadcast Soviet television. Another new third channel was created in Slovak and called TA 3, on 6 June 1991.
Velvet Revolution
During the Velvet Revolution, when protests occurred in Czechoslovakia, the people who worked at Czechoslovak Television helped the protesters to spread their messages.
Velvet divorce ends Czechoslovak Television
Czechoslovakia became two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia on the 31st December 1992. This split is known as the 'Velvet Divorce'. Because of it, Czechoslovak Television was no longer needed. In the Czech Republic, a new television network called Czech television took over, and in Slovakia Slovenska televizia was created.
Time in Chile

The official Time in Chile is actually defined and divided into 3 time zones:
The most of the mainland as Continental Chile is using the standard time offset UTC-04:00 in winter time and UTC-03:00 in summer time, winter time stars the second Saturday of May and ends the second Saturday of August.
Magallanes Region (including Chilean Antarctic Territory) uses UTC-03:00 the whole year.
Chile's Easter Island is using UTC-06:00 in winter and UTC-05:00 in summer, it changes the same days as the Continental time.
André Gagnon

Andre Gagnon (August 2, 1936 - December 3, 2020) was a Canadian composer, conductor, arranger, and actor. He was known for his works of classical and pop styles. Many of his best known compositions were Neiges, Smash, Chevauchee, Surprise, Donna, and Mouvements in the disco and pop fields. He was born in Quebec. Gagnon was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1978 and an Officer of the National Order of Quebec in 2018.
Gagnon died on December 3, 2020 in Montreal from problems caused by Lewy body dementia at the age of 84.
Millennium Dome

The Millennium Dome is a large dome-shaped building in Greenwich in South East London, UK (now known as The O2). It was built between 1997 and 2000 to celebrate the beginning of the third millennium. The name was officially changed to The O2 when Telefonica O2 Europe plc bought the naming rights from the devehutz Entertainment Group.
From 31 December 1999 until 31 December 2000 the Dome and some surrounding buildings were the home of the Millennium Exhibition which was meant to show the best of Britain to the world. The most successful part of the Exhibition was the stage show that was held two or three times each day in the middle of the dome. The show had dozens of dancers and acrobats, music by Peter Gabriel, and a tower that rose out of the dome's floor.
The rest of the Exhibition was not as successful as the Dome's owners had hoped. About 6 and a half million people visited the Exhibition, which was only half the number its owners hoped for.
The dome was sold to US Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) and reopened in July 2007 as the O2, an entertainment complex including a 22,000-seat concert and sports venue, cinema, music club and exhibition spaces. Among the first artists to perform there were Bon Jovi and Prince. The Rolling Stones performed there in August 2007, Led Zeppelin played a reunion show there in December 2007, and the Spice Girls took residence in the arena from December 2007 to January 2008.
In 2012, as part of the Summer Olympics in London, the building was renamed the "North Greenwich Arena" and was used to host gymnastics and basketball.
A walkway across the top of the dome's structure has been opened, allowing visitors to cross the roof at a height of 60m. The O2 Roofwalk tourist attraction is now partially powered by solar energy.
Darfur conflict

The Darfur conflict is an ongoing military conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan, the third largest country in Africa. It is a conflict along ethnic and tribal lines that began in 2003. Many people and the United States Government, consider it to be a genocide. The United Nations currently does not see this as genocide.
Those involved in the conflict
One side of the conflict is composed mainly of the Janjaweed, a militia group recruited from the Arab tribes who move from place to place herding camels. The Sudanese government tells the public that it does not support the Janjaweed. However, it has provided cash and assistance and has even participated in joint attacks.
The other side of the conflict is made up of a number of rebel armies, including the Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement. These armies are recruited from Black ethnic groups who make a living farming the land.
How the conflict is dealt with
The African Union sent a 7,000-troop peacekeeping force to Sudan. However, this force was poorly funded and under-equipped. So the United Nations decided to send an additional 17,300-troop peacekeeping force to help them. Sudan was strongly against this decision and saw the UN forces as foreign invaders. The next day, the Sudanese military launched a major offensive in the region.
The Sudanese government may have suppressed information about the conflict. Some witnesses have been jailed, others may have been killed. This started in 2004. Also, some evidence, such as mass graves was tampered with, so that it became unusable. Some people say this was done by forces which are close to the Sudanese government. In addition, by obstructing and arresting journalists, the Sudanese government has been able to obscure much of what has gone on. The United States government has described it as genocide,. The UN has declined to do so. In March 2007 the UN mission accused Sudan's government of "gross violations" in Darfur and called for urgent international action to protect civilians there.
Effect of the conflict
There are different estimates of how many died in the conflict. According to Sudan's government, 9,000 people have been killed. On the other hand, many other people say that it could be from 200,000 to over 400,000. By October 2006, as many as 2.5 million people had to move because of the conflict.
The United Nations says that about 200,000 people have been killed in the conflict so far. Most non-governmental organizations use 200,000 to more than 400,000. The latter is a figure from the Coalition for International Justice that has since been cited by the UN. Sudan's government claims that more than 9,000 people have been killed, although this figure is seen as a gross underestimate.