kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Political virtues

The political virtues were listed by Bernard Crick "In Defense of Politics", 1982. They included but were not limited to:
prudence:
take one step, then see its results before taking another
conciliation:
making friends with people you have argued with
compromise:
giving up some things you want to get those things that are most important to you
variety:
people want to have a number of choices that are different from each other
adaptability:
meet the needs of changing times
liveliness:
never be boring
He sees these virtues as a way of avoiding ideology or "absolute-sounding ethic". More virtues will lead to less conflict. None of them can be forced on anyone.
Richard Mason (novelist)

Richard Mason (16 May 1919-13 October 1997) was a British novelist and screenwriter. He is best known for writing The World of Suzie Wong. The book was adapted into a Broadway play in 1958. Mason's work became the basis for the 1960 film starring William Holden and Nancy Kwan.
Among Mason's film screenplays was At Town Like Alice. His work was nominated for the 1956 BAFTA British screenplay award.
Selected works
In an overview of writings by and about Mason, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 20+ works in 180+ publications in 15 languages and 1,400+ library holdings.
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
Ramsewak Shankar

Ramsewak Shankar (born November 6, 1937) is a Surinamese politician. He was the 4th President of Suriname from 1988 to 1990. His government was overthrown by Desi Bouterse leading a bloodless military coup. Shankar was Agriculture & Fisheries Minister from 1969 to 1971.
Holozoa

Holozoa is a group of living things that includes animals, and some single-celled relatives of animals. It excludes fungi. Holozoa is also an old name for the tunicate genus Distaplia.
Holozoa is a clade: a group of plants or animals with a common ancestor. It has all organisms close to animals.An example of a well-known holozoan is the choanoflagellate, which looks a lot like the cells of a sponge. Proterospongia'' is an example of a choanoflagellate that might give clues as to how sponges evolved.
Evolution
The phylogenic tree (evolution tree) below shows how clades broke into newer clades. This includes Holozoa.
NGC 6543

NGC 6543 is a planetary nebula in the Draco constellation. It is about 3.3 thousand light-years away from Earth.
43

43 is a year in the 1st century. It was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Vitellius.
Events
Roman conquest of Britain begins. Roman London (Londinium) was established.
Claudius adds Lycia into Asia Minor. He combines it with Pamphylia to make a Roman province.
The Romans now have complete control of the Mediterranean.
Mark the Evangelist becomes the first Pope of Alexandria.
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (, October 16, 1919 - July 27, 1980) was the last Shah of Iran. He was the Shah of Iran from the 1941 abdication of his father, until the Iranian Revolution in 1979. After the 1979 revolution, led by Ruhollah Khomeini the government of Iran changed into an Islamic republic.
He died at a Cairo hospital from chronic lymphocytic leukemia on July 27, 1980 at the age of 60.
Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla

Mirga Grazinyte-Tyla (born Mirga Grazinyte, 29 August 1986 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian conductor. She is currently music director of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra (CBSO) in England. She was nominated for the 2020 Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance.
On 14 March 2020, Grazinyte-Tyla was tested positive for COVID-19.
Grangeville, Idaho

Grangeville is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Hans Reffert

Hans Reffert (19 July 1946 - 21 February 2016) was a German musician and composer. He was best known for his work with Guru Guru, Reffert was involved with a number of ensembles, including Flute & Voice, Zauberfinger, Sanfte Liebe and Schrammel & Slide.
Reffert studied guitar with Sigi Schwab and flute and composition in Mannheim. He also created commissioned works for the National Theatre Mannheim and other theaters, as well as for cinema and television productions.
Reffert died in Mannheim on 21 February 2016. He was aged 69.
Eufaula, Alabama

Eufaula is a city in Barbour County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 12,882.
John Holt (educator)

John Caldwell Holt was an American educator and author. He supported homeschooling and unschooling.
Homeschooling to deschooling
Holt became disappointed with the United States school system after several years of working in it. He became convinced that improving the school system was not possible, and began to support homeschooling. Holt believed that children did not need to be pressured into learning. They would learn naturally if they had a variety of resources, and could follow their own interests.
Holt's Growing Without Schooling, founded in 1977, was the nation's first home education newsletter.
Holt, in his 1964 best-seller How Children Fail (2nd ed 1982), said schooling does more harm than good to a child's desire to truly learn. The book was followed by How Children Learn, which explained his positive ideas (1967, 2nd ed 1983.
Holt's sole book on homeschooling, Teach Your Own, was published in 1981. It was revised by his colleague Patrick Farenga and republished in 2003.
In his 1974 book, Escape from Childhood: the needs and rights of children, Holt said that children should have the same independence as adults. These included the right to work for money, sign contracts and be allowed to vote in elections.
Bibliography
How Children Fail (1964).
How Children Learn (1967).
The Underachieving School (1969)
What Do I Do Monday? (1970)
Freedom and Beyond (1972)
Escape from Childhood (1974)
Instead of Education (1976)
Never too late: my musical life story (1979)
Teach Your Own (1981)
Learning all the Time (1989)
A Life Worth Living (1990)
More reading
Holt, J. (1967). How Children Learn. New York: Pitman.
Leadership

Leadership is an approach where "acts by persons influence other persons in a shared direction/[common goal]" (Seeman, 1960).
Traits
Cognitive: Having an actively developed strong verbal, perceptual, and reasoning skills which can effectively guide pivots and at the time be compatible to peer groups.
Self-confidence: Ability to be certain about one's competencies and skills with a nurtured sense of self-esteem and self-assurance.
Determination: Ability to assert themselves, be proactive, and have the capacity to persevere in the face of obstacles. Characteristics include initiative, persistence, dominance, and drive.
Integrity: It is the quality of honesty and trustworthiness. Characteristics are loyalty, dependability, and not deceptive.
Sociability: It is the ability to be sensitive to others' needs and show concern for their well-being. They are people who have good interpersonal skills and create cooperative relationships (friendliness, outgoing, courteous) with their followers and able to take socially responsible decisions.
Team leadership
There are two factors in team leadership, they are: Interpersonal and Analytical. The interpersonal factors are : Talk, Evaluation, Assisting and Motivating. The Analytical aspects for problem solving with team leadership are: Focusing, Organizing, Collecting, Understanding and Synthesizing the material.
Motala Municipality

Motala Municipality () is a municipality in Ostergotland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Motala.
Jaleel White

Jaleel White (born November 27, 1976) is an American actor. He is best known for playing of Steve Urkel in the television series Family Matters and the first English voice of Sonic the Hedgehog.
Molecular evolution

Molecular evolution is the process of evolution in DNA, RNA, and proteins.
Molecular evolution emerged as a scientific field in the 1960s as researchers from molecular biology, evolutionary biology and population genetics sought to understand the structure and function of nucleic acids and protein. Some of the key topics have been the evolution of enzyme function, the use of nucleic acid changes as a molecular clock to study species divergence, and the origin of non-functional or junk DNA.
Recent advances in genomics, including whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatics have led to a dramatic increase in studies on the topic. In the 2000s, the role of gene duplication, the extent of adaptive molecular evolution versus neutral genetic drift, and the identification of molecular changes responsible for various human characteristics especially those pertaining to infection, disease, and cognition.
Molecular study of phylogeny
Molecular systematics is the process of using data on the DNA, RNA, or proteins to resolve questions in phylogeny and taxonomy. The idea is to place groups in their correct position on the evolutionary tree. This corrects their biological classification from the point of view of evolution. The technique has already led to major changes in the taxonomy of living things, including the names for higher categories, which had been stable for well over a century.
Molecular systematics has been made possible by techniques for sequence analysis. This gives the exact sequence of nucleotides or bases in either DNA or RNA. At present it is still expensive to sequence the entire genome of an organism, but it has been done for over 100 species.
Sharon Begley

Sharon Begley (June 14, 1956 - January 16, 2021) was an American journalist. She was the senior science writer for Stat, a publication from The Boston Globe. She regularly contributed articles to the Yale Scientific Magazine while at University. She was born in Englewood, New Jersey.
Begley died on January 16, 2021 in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 64.
Kennington tube station

Kennington is a London Underground station on Kennington Park Road in Kennington. The station is at the junction of the Charing Cross and Bank branches of the Northern line. It is within the London Borough of Southwark. Its neighbouring stations to the north are Waterloo on the Charing Cross branch and Elephant & Castle on the Bank branch; the next station to the south is Oval. The station is in Travelcard Zone 2.
It is one of the station that has the notable loop, called Kennington Loop, similar to Timothy's Computer on Timothy North Metro and South Ferry on New York City Subway. It would be extended to Battersea Power Station via Nine Elms in the near future, to serve the near-refurbished Battersea Power Station.
Baruch Samuel Blumberg

Baruch Samuel "Barry" Blumberg (July 28, 1925 - April 5, 2011) was an American doctor of Jewish descent.
He is best known for the research he did on the Hepatitis B virus. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1976 for "discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases". He shared the prize with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek.
He died on April 5, 2011 a short while after he gave the keynote speech at the International Lunar Research Park Exploratory Workshop held at NASA Ames Research Center.
Nicola Colterjohn

Nicola Colterjohn (born 23 April 1992) is a Canadian water polo player. She was a member of the Canadian women's national water polo team at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships and 2015 Summer Universiade.
She played for McMaster University's women's water polo team.
Flag semaphore

Flag semaphore is a system of spreading information at a distance by using two flags. Information is told by the positions of the flags. Each set of positions has a meaning.
Signalling
Signalling uses two flags. The person signalling would often stand on a platform about 6-10ft (1.8 - 3m) above the ground. They would use a bright orange, red and white flag. This was a problem because it made it easier for the enemy to see them and shoot them. The newer system uses two short poles with square flags. The signalman holds one pole in each hand. The poles are held in one of eight possible directions. Except for in the "rest position", the flags do not cross over each other. Flags of different colours are used based on whether the signals are sent by sea or by land. At sea, the flags are coloured red and yellow. On land, they are white and blue. There is also a 'flag alphabet' which consists of many different coloured flags with different symbols on them. Japan has their own flag alphabet.
Sagami Bay

, also known as the Sagami Gulf or Sagami Sea, is an area of the Pacific coastline of the Japanese island of Honshu. The bay is approximately southwest of the capital, Tokyo.
Underwater canyons extend out of Sagami Bay into the Pacific Ocean in a continuous slope called the "Sagami Trough".
Major cities on the bay include Odawara, Chigasaki, Fujisawa, Hiratsuka, Ito, and Kamakura.
History
The center of the Great Kanto earthquake in 1923 was in Sagami Bay.
Moreuil

Moreuil is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Antoine Valois-Fortier

Antoine Valois-Fortier (born March 13, 1990) is a Canadian athlete. He is best known as a judoka.
History
He was the winner of the Canadian National Judo Championship in the -81 kg category in 2010.
Valois-Fortier won a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, defeating Travis Stevens of the United States in the men's 81 kg half-middleweight judo. It was the Canada's first medal in Olympic Judo since 2000 when his coach Nicolas Gill won a silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Manfred Bruns

Manfred Bruns (July 1934 - 22 October 2019) was a German federal attorney and LGBTQ activist. He worked at the Federal Court of Justice of Germany. Until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of the Lesbian and Gay Association (LSVD). Bruns was born in Linz am Rhein, Germany. He was known for his efforts to push for political activity to fight against AIDS in Germany.
Bruns died in Karlsruhe, Germany on 22 October 2019 of liver failure at the age of 85.
Brunnadern

Brunnadern was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was an independent municipality until 1 January 2009, when it joined together with Mogelsberg and St. Peterzell to become the municipality called Neckertal.
Brenon

Brenon is a commune of 27 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani skirmishes

2020 Armenian-Azerbaijani skirmishes began on 12 July 2020 between the Armed Forces of Armenia and Azerbaijani Armed Forces. The first clashes happened near Movses in Tavush Province of Armenia, and Agdam in Tovuz District of Azerbaijan at the Armenian-Azerbaijani state border.
The skirmishes began again on 13 July and continued until 16 July, resulting in at least 15 military and one civilian casualties. Among 11 confirmed Azerbaijani military casualties were one major general, one colonel and two majors. The Government of Armenia also reported death of one major, one captain and two sergeants in the skirmish.
Mulyadi Tamsir

Mulyadi P. Tamsir (8 April 1981 - 9 January 2021) was an Indonesian student activist and politician. He was a member the People's Conscience Party. He was the chairman of the Muslim Students' Association from 2015 until 2018. Tamsir was born in Lampung, Indonesia.
Tamsir was killed in a plane crash on 9 January 2021 outside Jakarta near the Java Sea, aged 39.
Xufei Zhang

Xufei Zhang (born 28 August 1984) is a Chinese female Paralympic sitting volleyball player. She played at the 2004 Summer Paralympics, winning a gold medal, 2008 Summer Paralympics, winning a gold medal, 2012 Summer Paralympics, winning a gold medal, 2016 Summer Paralympics, winning a silver medal, and 2020 Summer Paralympics, winning a silver medal.
Machete

A machete is a long cutting tool. The blade is usually 20-24 inches (50-60 cm) long and less than .2 inches thick. The machete is a large knife often used in jungles because it can easily cut through plants and vines. It can be used to open coconuts and cut down small trees (sometimes the back side has edges for sawing wood). It is also used occasionally outside of jungles. One such use is in surveying when a line of sight is needed through brush. It is a lot like the Japanese katana and larger than the American Bowie knife, and is sometimes used in warfare.
Gabriel Bacquier

Gabriel Bacquier (17 May 1924 - 13 May 2020) was a French operatic baritone. He was a long-term member of the Opera-Comique and the Paris Opera. He also appeared at leading opera houses in Europe and the United States.
Bacquier made his American debut at the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 1962 as the High Priest in Samson et Dalila by Saint-Saens.
Bacquier died on 13 May 2020, aged 95.
Transfiguration

The Transfiguration is an event in the life of Jesus Christ described in the Gospel of Luke, Gospel of Matthew, and Gospel of Mark. The disciples go up a mountain with Jesus. He begins to shine, and meets with Moses and Elijah. A voice from a cloud says, "this is my beloved Son: hear him" (Luke 9:35).
After Forever

After Forever was a Dutch symphonic metal band. The band started in 1995 as Apocalypse. They played death metal. In 1997 the singer Floor Jansen joined the band. After Jansen joined the band its sound became more like symphonic metal. In 2000 the band released their first album Prison of Desire in Europe. The band's last album After Forever was released on September 28, 2007. The band broke up in 2009.
Blanche Blackwell

Blanche Blackwell (9 December 1912 - 8 August 2017) was a Jamaican heiress. She was born in Costa Rica. She was the mother of Chris Blackwell (Founder of Island Records) and inspirational muse to Ian Fleming and Noel Coward. She was believed by some to have been the inspiration for some of Fleming's most memorable female characters; Pussy Galore and Honeychile Rider.
Blackwell died in London on 8 August 2017 at the age of 104.
Scott Hahn

Scott W. Hahn (born October 28, 1957) is an American Christian theologian and apologist. He was born in Bethel Park, Pennsylvania. Hahn's popular works include Rome Sweet Home and The Lamb's Supper: The Mass as Heaven on Earth.
His lectures have been seen through Lighthouse Catholic Media. Hahn is known for his research on Early Christianity during the Apostolic Age and many theoretical works about the early Church Fathers.
Hahn teaches at the Franciscan University of Steubenville, a Catholic university in the United States. He has also lectured at the Pontifical College Josephinum in Columbus, Ohio.
Boana buriti

Boana buriti is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it over 900 meters above sea level.
Jason Spezza

Jason Rocco Anthony Spezza (born June 13, 1983 in Mississauga, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He played a total of 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Ottawa Senators, Dallas Stars and Toronto Maple Leafs.
He began his hockey career with the Brampton Battalion of the Ontario Hockey League (NHL). He also played for the Mississauga Ice Dogs for 2 seasons, the Windsor Spitfires for 2 seasons and the Belleville Bulls for 1 season. He entered the draft in 2001 and he was drafted with the 2nd overall by the Ottawa Senators in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.
He was assigned to the Grand Rapids Griffins, the farm team of the Senators. He was called up to the Senators and made his NHL debut in the 2002-03 NHL season. He played 33 games with the Senators and played most of the season with Ottawa's new affiliate, Binghamton Senators. He was called up and played two seasons with the Senators and was sent down to the Binghamton Senators to play a season. After that he joined the Ottawa's main roster full-time.
Spezza was on the cover of 2007 video game, NHL 2K8. He married his girlfriend Jennifer on July 25, 2009. They have two daughters Sophia Donna Spezza (born June 8, 2010) and Nicola Patricia Spezza (born April 1, 2012).
On July 1, 2014, after Spezza had requested a trade, the Senators traded him along with Ludwig Karlsson to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Alex Chiasson, Alex Guptill, Nicolas Paul and a 2015 second-round pick to Ottawa.
On May 29, 2022, Spezza announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. After he retired, he became an assistant to Leafs general manager Kyle Dubas. On May 19, 2023, Spezza stepped down when Dubas was fired.
Maggie Gyllenhaal

Margaret Ruth "Maggie" Gyllenhaal (born November 16, 1977) is an American actress. She is the daughter of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner Gyllenhaal. She is the sister of actor Jake Gyllenhaal. Maggie got many awards for her 2002 movie Secretary.
Early life
Maggie was born in New York City to Stephen and Naomi Foner Gyllenhaal. Her parents, who married in 1977, filed for divorce in October 2008. Her father is director Stephen Gyllenhaal, who was raised as a Swedenborgian, is of Swedish, French, German, Swiss, Welsh and English descent, and is a descendant of the Swedish noble Gyllenhaal family. Jake's last ancestor to be born in Sweden was his great-great-grandfather, Anders Leonard Gyllenhaal. Her mother is Jewish; she was born in New York City, to a family from Russia, Latvia and Poland.
Gyllenhaal grew up in Los Angeles. She studied at the Harvard-Westlake School prep school. In 1995, she went to New York to attend Columbia University. Here, she studied literature and Eastern religions. She graduated in 1999. Hence, she got a Bachelor of Arts degree.
Personal Life
Gyllenhaal fall in love with actor Peter Sarsgaard in 2002. The got engaged in April 2006. 3 years later, the got married.
Osamu Umeyama

Osamu Umeyama (born 16 August 1973) is a former Japanese football player.
Torteval-Quesnay

Torteval-Quesnay is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Aurseulles.
Kangjeirol

The Kangjeirol () is an Ancient Meitei language text (PuYa) about the art of the game Sagol Kangjei (), which is the foremost form of the present day game Polo. It is the treatise which mentions about the rules and regulations to be instructed and to be followed in the game of Polo. The text mentions that King Ningthou Kangba of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak), invented the game of Polo or Sagol Kangjei ().
Angie Harmon

Angela Michelle "Angie" Harmon (born August 10, 1972) is a fashion model and actress. She appeared on the covers of ELLE and Esquire magazines. Harmon also acted in television series including Rizzoli & Isles, Law & Order and Baywatch.
I Wanna Be with You (Mandy Moore song)

"I Wanna Be with You" is a 2000 song by Mandy Moore and taken from her album of the same name and from the 2000 movie Center Stage. It went to number 13 in Australia, number 21 in the United Kingdom and number 24 in Canada and the United States.
Track listings
Australian maxi-CD single
"I Wanna Be with You" - 4:12
"Let Me Be the One" - 3:48
"Candy" (Rhythm Masters club mix) - 7:35
"I Wanna Be with You" (Soul Solution remix extended) - 10:16
European CD1
"I Wanna Be with You" (radio edit) - 4:12
"I Wanna Be with You" (Soul Solution remix radio edit) - 4:21
European CD2
"I Wanna Be with You" (radio edit) - 4:12
"I Wanna Be with You" (Soul Solution remix extended) - 10:16
"Candy" (Rhythm Masters club mix) - 7:35
UK CD1
"I Wanna Be with You" - 4:12
"Let Me Be the One" - 3:48
"Love Shot" - 4:23
UK CD2
"I Wanna Be with You" - 4:12
"I Wanna Be with You" (Soul Solution remix radio edit) - 4:21
"Candy" (Wade Robson remix) - 7:35
"I Wanna Be with You" (video)
UK cassette single
"I Wanna Be with You" - 4:12
"Let Me Be the One" - 3:48
Vestibular hypofunction

A partial or complete loss of function in the central or peripheral nervous systems of the vestibular system is known as vestibular hypofunction. Despite the fact that genetic, neurodegenerative, toxic, viral, or traumatic factors may be the causes of vestibular hypofunction. The bone and cartilage that make up our ear are part of a complicated system.
Lycoming County, Pennsylvania

Lycoming County is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 116,111. Its county seat is Williamsport.
Slide Hampton

Locksley Wellington "Slide" Hampton (April 21, 1932 - November 18, 2021) was an American jazz trombonist, composer and arranger. As his nickname implies, Hampton's main instrument was slide trombone, but he also occasionally played tuba and flugelhorn.
Hampton taught at Harvard, artist-in-residence in 1981, the University of Massachusetts, DePaul University in Chicago, and Indiana State University.
Hampton died on November 18, 2021 at his home in Orange, New Jersey at the age of 89.
WWE 2K

WWE 2K series is a series of video games that are developed by Yuke's and Visual Concepts and are published by 2K Sports. The video games are based on the professional wrestling company WWE.
The series was first known as WWF/WWE SmackDown! from 2000 to 2004 and then was changed to WWE SmackDown vs. Raw in 2004. The title was changed to simply WWE in 2011 with the release of WWE '12. The WWE title was used for WWE '12 and WWE '13 and was changed to WWE 2K when Take Two Interactive acquired the publishing rights for the series from THQ. In Japan, the series was known as Exciting Pro Wrestling until 2005. The series has gained positive reviews over the years and is one of the best-selling video game franchises.
The series was published by THQ from 2000 to 2013 before THQ filed for bankruptcy on December 19, 2012. THQ's assets were auctioned off and the WWE video game's publishing rights were acquired by Take Two Interactive (Parent company of 2K Games).
Information (Classified album)

Information is the fourth studio album by Canadian rapper, Classified. The album was released sometime in 1997.
Okja

Okja (; ) is a 2017 South Korean American action adventure movie directed by Bong Joon-ho and starring Tilda Swinton, Choi Woo-shik, Ahn Seo-hyun, Paul Dano, Jake Gyllenhaal, Shirley Henderson, Giancarlo Esposito, Lily Collins, Daniel Henshall, Devon Bostick.
Heaven Can Wait (1943 movie)

Heaven Can Wait is a 1943 American fantasy comedy movie directed by Ernst Lubitsch and was based on the 1934 play Birthday by Leslie Bush-Fekete. It stars Don Ameche, Gene Tierney, Charles Coburn, Marjorie Main, Laird Cregar, Spring Byington, Aubrey Mather, Allyn Joseph, Tod Andrews and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1944. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. The film made $1,286,200 in funds.
Trinidad and Tobago at the Olympics

Trinidad and Tobago were first in the Summer Olympic Games in 1948, before independence from Great Britain. Trinidad and Tobago have been in fourteen Summer Olympics and three Winter Olympics.
Arnold Koller

Arnold Koller (born 29 August 1933) is a Swiss politician. He was a member of the Swiss Federal Council (1986-1999).
He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986. He was member of the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden. He handed over office on 30 April 1999.
Koller was Chairman of the Board of the Forum of Federations from 2006 to 2010.
During his time in office he held the following departments:
Federal Military Department (1987-1988)
Federal Department of Justice and Police (1989)
Federal Military Department (1989)
Federal Department of Justice and Police (1990-1999)
He was President of the Confederation twice in 1990 and 1997.
List of named minor planets: J

J
1017 Jacqueline
2028 Janequeo
2324 Janice
383 Janina
7796 Jaracimrman
1558 Jarnefelt
1110 Jaroslawa
3353 Jarvis
6063 Jason
1461 Jean-Jacques
1281 Jeanne
8116 Jeanperrin
5899 Jedicke
9564 Jeffwynn
526 Jena
607 Jenny
1719 Jens
5900 Jensen
1414 Jerome
116903 Jeromeapt
549 Jessonda
544 Jetta
145534 Jhongda
4760 Jia-xiang
2080 Jihlava
2874 Jim Young
2143 Jimarnold
21873 Jindrichuvhradec
726 Joella
1524 Joensuu
127 Johanna
4525 Johnbauer
8026 Johnmckay
5905 Johnson
899 Jokaste
836 Jole
18117 Jonhodge
1423 Jose
649 Josefa
303 Josephina
921 Jovita
652 Jubilatrix
948 Jucunda
664 Judith
139 Juewa
1248 Jugurtha
89 Julia
816 Juliana
20325 Julianoey
3 Juno
3537 Jurgen
4388 Jurgenstock
11948 Justinehenin
269 Justitia
1183 Jutta
605 Juvisia
1500 Jyvaskyla
Time in Greece

Greece uses Eastern European Time (EET) (UTC+02:00) during winter, and Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) (UTC+03:00) during summer. Greece observes daylight saving time, switching at 03:00 EET on the last Sunday in March and 04:00 EET on the last Sunday in October.
Clay County, North Carolina

Clay County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. During the 2000 United States Census, 8,775 people lived there. Its county seat is Hayesville.
History
The county was made in 1861 from the southeastern part of Cherokee County.
Government
Clay County is part of the local Southwestern Commission council of governments.
Bethel Park, Pennsylvania

Bethel Park is a borough with home rule status in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Pittsburgh Metro Area, about 7 miles (13 km) southwest of Pittsburgh. The population was 32,313 at the 2010 census.
Flag of California

The official flag of the state of California is known as the Bear Flag. An earlier version of the flag was first flown during the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt and was also known as the Bear Flag.
Aladdin al-Ayyubi

Aladdin al-Ayyubi (Arabic:`l ldyn l'ywby)(Born 1958) is a Syrian TV presenter. He died of a heart attack while he was working at his office in Damascus at the age of 57.
Background
He held a diploma in commerce and economics and a diploma in media. He presented several television and radio programs, most recently he was the manager director of the Noor al-Sham satellite channel.
Chinese mystery snail

The Chinese mystery snail (Bellamya chinensis) is a is a large freshwater snail. It is known for its scarce shell and edible antenna, it is very unusual. It also eats dung and was discovered in 1324 A.D. It can grow up to 5.1 cm long.
Thallium(I) oxide

Thallium(I) oxide, also known as thallous oxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Tl2O. It has thallium and oxide ions in it. The thallium is in its +1 oxidation state.
Properties
Thallium(I) oxide is a black solid. It reacts with water to make a yellow solution of thallium(I) hydroxide. It reacts with carbon dioxide to make thallium(I) carbonate. It is a strong base. It reacts with acids to make other thallium salts. It is very toxic.
Preparation
It is made by heating thallium(I) hydroxide or thallium(I) carbonate in air.
Uses
It is used in some superconductors. It is also used to make certain special types of glass.
William Wright (Australian bishop)

William Joseph Wright (26 October 1952 13 November 2021) was an American-born Australian Roman Catholic prelate. He was the bishop of Maitland-Newcastle from 2011 until September 2021. Wright was born in Washington, D.C..
Wright died on 13 November 2021 at a hospital from lung cancer in Maitland, New South Wales at the age of 69.
The Owl and the Pussycat

The Owl and the Pussycat is a 1970 American romantic comedy movie directed by Herbert Ross, based on the play of the same name by and written by Buck Henry. It stars Barbra Streisand, George Segal, Robert Klein, Marilyn Chambers, Roz Kelly, Allen Garfield and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Ever, Never Lovin' You

"Ever, Never Lovin' You" is a 1982 song by Ed Bruce and is the leading single from his 11th studio album I Write It Down. It went to number 4 on the Billboard Hot Country Song chart and number 4 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.
Lauderdale County, Alabama

Lauderdale County is a county in the northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 93,564. The county seat is Florence. The name is in honor of Colonel James Lauderdale, of Tennessee.
Art rock

Art rock (also sometimes called progressive rock or classical rock) is a sub-genre of rock music that has "experimental influences". It tries to make rock music into art instead of just entertainment. It often uses longer songs than other genres of rock. It uses different techniques such as elements (parts) of classical music. It is not usually music to dance to, but music to just listen to. It started in the 1960s. Phil Spector (an American music producer) and Brian Wilson (the leader of The Beach Boys) are two early examples of musicians making art rock. The genre was popular with British bands at the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s.
Relationship with progressive rock
Art rock is often the same as progressive rock, especially for bands in the 1970s. Allmusic says that progressive rock and art rock are almost the same; both describe rock music that is more artistic. The term "Progressive rock" became more popular to talk of the genre of rock music. Art rock is often to describe bands that are harder to define.
Princeton University's Wordnet dictionary says that "progressive rock, art rock" are "a style of rock music that [came out] in the 1970s; associated with attempts to [mix] rock with jazz and other forms." It also says that it is meant "for listening and not dancing".
Examples of art rock bands
Examples include Queen, King Crimson, The Who, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, The Velvet Underground, The Beatles, Genesis, 10cc and Yes.
FAMAS

The FAMAS (Fusil d'Assaut de la Manufacture d'Armes de Saint-Etienne, in English "Assault Rifle from the Saint-Etienne Weapon Factory") is a bullpup-styled assault rifle designed and manufactured in France. It's the main assault rifle of the French Army, French Air Force, and French Navy since 1980. It was also sold for export.
Designed in 1973 FAMAS uses a 5.56mm NATO (.223) caliber cartridge. Muzzle velocity is between 925m/s and 960m/s following variants.
Variants
Civil
FAMAS "civil", built between 1982 and 1992 for security and protection companies.
Military
FAMAS F1, built between 1979 and 1992 for French militaries.
FAMAS Commando, variant of F1 specially designed for special forces, shorter than original.
FAMAS Export, variant of F1 specially designed for foreign customers.
FAMAS G1, alternatively transition built in 1995 to prepare for the arrival of French troops in the G2.
FAMAS G2, new generation more light, and using special weapons.
FAMAS FELIN, variant of G2 specially designed for urban fights and close sniping .
Gouvernemental users
Militaries and polices of that countries uses FAMAS.
Corcelles-sur-Chavornay

Corcelles-sur-Chavornay was a municipality of the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the municipalities of Corcelles-sur-Chavornay and Essert-Pittet joined to become the municipality of Chavornay.
Temple Run

Temple Run is a video game made by Imangi Studios. Right now it is for iOS systems, which the iPhone and the iPad use, and the Android system for mobile phones. In the iTunes store, it has been in the top 50 most-downloaded apps in December 2011, and also became the number 1 free iOS app. It has went to the position of the top moneymaking iOS app. The game itself used to be 99 cents, but now it relies on players purchasing in-game coins, while the game itself is free.
Gameplay
The game is based around Guy Dangerous and other explorers that take a little statue from an ancient temple. The players control the characters and to begin the game the player must take the little statue. These players are Guy Dangerous, Scarlett Fox, Barry Bones, Karma Lee, Montana Smith, Francisco Montoya, and Zack Wonder. However, the player's efforts to steal the treasure seem useless when a group of evil monkeys pursue the player out of the temple, starting a "run." There is no finish line; the object of the game is to run as far as possible by going around obstacles that require the player to either jump (slide finger forward duck (slide finger backwards), or turn (slide finger to the right or left) in a precise manner. While all of this is happening, the player will be chased by the "evil monkeys". While playing, the player needs to tilt their device either to the left or the right to get coins. These coins are usually in the shape of a yellow diamond but according to their point value, they can also be a red diamond, a 2-point coin, or a blue diamond, a 3-point coin. Coins can be earned in game play to unlock objectives, and can also be spent at the store.
Making
Husband-and-wife team Keith Shepherd and Natalia Luckyanova, along with artist Kiril Tchangov, created the hits Harbor Master and Temple Run. At first, the game was released for 99 cents, but soon enough they released Temple Run free, but with purchasable in-game coins. This made revenue multiply five times with in game coin purchasing. Both Shepherd and Luckyanova made the game, while Tchangov made the pictures.
Juan Pérez-Giménez

Juan Manuel Perez-Gimenez (March 28, 1941 - December 10, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Judge on the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico from 1979 until his death. He was chief judge of the court from 1984 to 1991. Perez-Gimenez was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter. He was born in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.
Perez-Gimenez died on December 10, 2020 in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico at the age of 79.
Kerry Hill

Kerry Hill AO (1943- 26 August 2018) was an Australian architect. He was known for his hotel designs in tropical Asia. He was born in Perth, Western Australia. Hill's best known works are State Theatre Centre of Western Australia and the City of Perth Library. Most of his works were also in Perth and Sydney.
Hill died on 26 August 2018 in Perth at the age of 75.
Mehi River

The Mehi River is in northern New South Wales, Australia. It begins at the manmade Tareelaroi Weir and runs into the Barwon River. The Mehi is long. The Mehi River also runs runs through the major town of Moree.
The cotton growing industry gets a lot of its water from the Mehi River. The river is also used for leisure purposes. Water-sking and fishing are popular along the Mehi River.
Jaswal, Chakwal

Jaswal is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Chakwal Tehsil and is located at 32deg49'0N 72deg58'0E.
Market failure

In neoclassical economics, market failure is a situation in which the allocation of goods and services by a free market is not Pareto efficient. Common causes of market failure are information assymmetries, externalities, natural monopolies and public goods. Market failure is one of the reason why a state regulates a market to improve the allocation.
Roberto López Ufarte

Roberto Lopez Ufarte (born 19 April, 1958) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Council of the European Union

The Council of the European Union (often called Council of Ministers or just Council) is one of the three organisations that manage the European Union. Along with the European Parliament, it is responsible for law making for the European Union (EU).
Its members are the government ministers of the member countries who are responsible for the law that is being discussed. As an example, suppose the law is going to be about farming, then the Agriculture Ministers are the council for that day.
As well as making laws, they can meet to discuss their problems. For example, the European Union does not decide on tax - each country decides on its own tax. But the Finance Ministers meet anyway because sometimes they can help each other catch people who do not want to pay tax at all.
The council is called different things in different countries, according to the language they speak (for example in French it is Conseil de l'Union Europeenne and in German it is Rat der Europaischen Union). It is also known internationally, and so it appears on its logo, with the Latin word Consilium.
A simple way of putting it, is that The 'Council of the European Union' is helped by most countries in the world and it is very important.
Munji people

The Munji are a tribal group formerly based in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. They number around 7,800. Now they are based in Chitral District. They are mostly Shia Muslims. They speak the Munji language.
Five Megillot

Five Megillot are five books found in the Hebrew Bible (also called Tanakh) under Ketuvim, which are read out during Holy Days of Judaism. They are:
Song of Songs used during Passover,
Ruth used on Shavuot,
Lamentations used on the 9th of Av,
Ecclesiastes used during Sukkot,
Esther for the holiday of Purim.
Hyperoperation

A hyperoperation is a generalization of addition, multiplication, exponentiation, tetration, etc. They are often written using Knuth's up-arrow notation. Natural number level hyperoperations can be defined recursively as a piecewise function:
Hyperoperations
David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort

David Robert Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort (23 February 1928 - 16 August 2017), known as Mr David Somerset until 1984, was a British peer. He served as a member of the House of Lords from 5 February 1984 to 11 November 1999. He was President of the British Horse Society between 1988 and 1990, and was chairman of Marlborough Fine Art.
Somerset died on 16 August 2017 at his home in Badminton, Gloucestershire, South West England at the age of 89.
Salem, South Dakota

Salem is a city in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of McCook County, and it became a city in 1880. At the 2010 census, 1,347 people lived there.
Radiocarbon dating

Radiocarbon dating, also known as the C14 dating method, is a way of telling how old an object is. It is a type of radiometric dating.
The method uses the radioactive isotope carbon-14. Most organic matter contains carbon. Carbon has different isotopes, which are usually not radioactive. 14C is the radioactive one, its half-life (time it takes to reduce its radioactivity by half) is about 5,730 years. This makes it possible to tell the age of substances that contain carbon. The method works to about 60,000 years old. Dates obtained are usually written as before present ('present' is 1950).
Plants take up atmospheric carbon dioxide by photosynthesis, and are eaten by animals, so every living thing is constantly exchanging carbon-14 with its environment as long as it lives. Once it dies, however, this exchange stops.
In 1958 Hessel de Vries showed that the concentration of carbon-14 in the atmosphere varies with time and locality. The relatively short-lived 14C is constantly renewed by cosmic ray bombardment on atmospheric nitrogen. Since the bombardment is slightly variable, and for other reasons, the 14C taken into organic matter is also slightly variable. That leads to errors in the chronology. However, under about 20,000 years the results can be compared with dendrochronology, based on tree rings. For the most accurate work, variations are compensated by means of calibration curves.
The method was developed by Willard Libby and his colleagues at the University of Chicago in 1949. In 1960, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work. He first demonstrated the accuracy of radiocarbon dating by accurately estimating the age of wood from an ancient Egyptian royal barge of which the age was known from historical documents.
Paragraph

A paragraph is a collection of words strung together to make a longer unit than a sentence. Several sentences often make a paragraph. There are normally three to eight sentences in a paragraph. Paragraphs can start with a five-space indentation or by skipping a line and then starting over. This makes it simpler to tell when one paragraph ends and the next starts simply it has 3-9 lines.
A topic phrase appears in most ordered types of writing, such as essays. This paragraph's topic sentence informs the reader about the topic of the paragraph. In most essays, numerous paragraphs make statements to support a thesis statement, which is the essay's fundamental point.
Paragraphs may signal when the writer changes topics. Each paragraph may have a number of sentences, depending on the topic.
A pilcrow mark (P) is sometimes used to show where a paragraph begins.
Track

Track or Tracks may refer to:
Trail, a walking path
Track (music), a recorded piece of music
Track and field athletics, a group of sports
Race track, a course build for racing
Railway track, metal tracks on which trains ride
Animal tracks, marks left on the ground when an animal walks
Deer Park, Texas

Deer Park is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
National Hockey League

The National Hockey League or NHL, is the highest-level ice hockey league in the world. It has 32 teams - seven are from Canada and the other 25 are from the United States. The winner of the playoffs each year wins the Stanley Cup.
The NHL began in 1917. Some of the owners in the National Hockey Association had problems with owner Edward Livingstone, so they got rid of him by creating a new league. There were five teams in 1917:
Montreal Canadiens
Montreal Wanderers
Ottawa Senators (later St. Louis Eagles; not related to the current Ottawa Senators)
Quebec Bulldogs (later Hamilton Tigers)
Toronto Arenas (later St. Patricks, then Maple Leafs)
They played 22 games a year. The Wanderers had to stop playing in the first year because their arena burned down. Over the years some teams died out, and others were created: the Boston Bruins, New York Americans, Montreal Maroons, Pittsburgh Pirates (later Philadelphia Quakers), New York Rangers, Chicago Black Hawks and Detroit Cougars (later Falcons, then Red Wings).
Some teams folded during the Great Depression, so by 1942 there were only six teams:
Boston Bruins
Chicago Blackhawks
Detroit Red Wings
Montreal Canadiens
New York Rangers
Toronto Maple Leafs
There were only these six teams for 25 years, so they became known as the "Original Six".
By the 1940s, they were playing 50 games a year, but this increased slowly to 80 games by the 1970s. In 1967, the league increased to 12 teams. By 1979 it had 21 teams, and today it has 32. Some of the teams that no longer exist are the Oakland Seals, Minnesota North Stars (now the Dallas Stars), Winnipeg Jets (now the Arizona Coyotes), Kansas City Scouts (which became the Colorado Rockies and are now the New Jersey Devils), Hartford Whalers (now the Carolina Hurricanes), Quebec Nordiques (now the Colorado Avalanche) and Atlanta Thrashers (now the current Winnipeg Jets).
Today they play 82 games a year, plus four rounds of playoffs. The players make a lot of money (many make over a million dollars a year). Because they could make so much money, many Europeans came over to North America to play in the NHL. Today almost all the world's best hockey players are in the NHL.
List of teams
Notes
An asterisk (*) denotes a franchise move. See the respective team articles for more information.
The Edmonton Oilers, Hartford Whalers (now Carolina Hurricanes), Quebec Nordiques (now Colorado Avalanche), and original Winnipeg Jets (now Arizona Coyotes) all joined the NHL in 1979 as part of the NHL-WHA merger.
Province of A Coruña

A Coruna (; ; historical ) is the most northwestern Atlantic-facing province of Spain. It is one of the four provinces which make up the autonomous community of Galicia. This province is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north. The Pontevedra Province surrounds it to the south and the Lugo Province to the east.
Samira Wiley

Samira Denise Wiley (born April 15, 1987) is an American actress. She is an African American who was born in Washington, D.C.. She studied drama at the Juilliard School in New York. She plays Poussey Washington in the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black. In between seasons of Orange Is the New Black, Wiley filmed Rob the Mob.
Human settlement

In archaeology, geography, and history, a human settlement is a place where people live, either permanently (all the time) or temporarily (only some of the time). When people go to an area to live there, it is called settling an area. When they come from far away it is sometimes called a colony. The term may include hamlets, villages, suburbs, towns and cities. Nomadic people do not settle.