kenhktsui/simple_wikipedia_LM_quality_score_v1 huggingface dataset:
Ostiglia

Ostiglia (Mantovano: ) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about southeast of Milan.
Castricum

Castricum is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 35,772 people lived there.
Bibb County, Georgia

Bibb County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 157,346 people lived there. The county seat is Macon.
The Aviator

The Aviator is a 2004 American biographical epic drama movie directed by Martin Scorsese. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio as Howard Hughes. It was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, and won five, including Best Supporting Actress for Cate Blanchett, who plays Katharine Hepburn. Kate Beckinsale plays Ava Gardner. The movie also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film.
Saddle River, New Jersey

Saddle River is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 3,152.
Gianfranco Petris

Gianfranco Petris (30 August 1936 - 1 July 2018) was an Italian football player. He was born in Budoia, Italy.
Petris played for Treviso, Triestina, Fiorentina, Lazio and Polisportiva Trani.
He made his debut for Italy in 1958 and earned 4 caps, scoring 1 goal.
Petris died on 1 July 2018 in Trepalle, Italy at the age of 81.
Shape

A shape is a geometric figure that can be made with mathematics. Shapes are sorted into kinds based on how the shape looks, and what the shape is made of. For example, shapes can be classified by how many dimensions they use.
Two-dimensional shapes will fit into a flat plane. Three-dimensional objects will not fit inside a plane, because they are not flat. Shapes made from other shapes of any dimension are called polytopes.
Two shapes are said to be equal, if one can be changed into the other by turning, moving, growing, shrinking, or more than one of these at once. Geometry is a section of mathematics which involves many shapes and sizes of different figures and their properties.
2D shapes
These are two-dimensional shapes or flat plane geometry shapes. Their sides are made of straight or curved lines. They can have any number of sides. Plane figures made of lines are called polygons. Triangles and squares are examples of polygons.
circle
polygon
triangle
quadrilateral
square
rectangle
3D shapes
These are three-dimensional shapes. Their sides are made of flat or curved surfaces. 3D shapes are most often made of polygon faces. These 3D shapes are called polyhedra.
sphere
tetrahedron
cube
cone
pyramid
hemisphere
cuboid
cylinder
prism
4D shapes
Four-dimensional shapes made of polyhedra are called polychorons. These shapes cannot be fully shown in the real world, but they are important ideas in geometry.
All I Have to Do Is Dream

"All I Have to Do is Dream" is an American popular song. The song was recorded in 1958 by the Everly Brothers. The song was near the top of several music charts in the United States in 1958.
The song was written by Felice and Boudleaux Bryant. It was recorded many times by other musicians, including Roy Orbison and Juice Newton.
Zwischenzug

In chess, zwischenzug (German for "intermediate move") is a common tactic that occurs in almost every game: instead of countering a direct threat, which the opponent expects, a move is played which poses an even more devastating threat, often an attack against the queen or the king. The opponent has to counter that threat first, and this will ideally change the situation to his disadvantage.
Borisenkov-Mezenev (diagram, Black to play), went 1... f2, threatening to queen, which White countered with 2. Rg8, intending 3. Rf8+. But White resigned after the zwischenzug 2... Bb1! which allows Black to queen (3. Kb1 f1Q+ or 3. Rf8+ Bf5).
Abel Santa Cruz

Abel Santa Cruz (1915 - February 4, 1995 in Buenos Aires) was a major Argentine screenwriter. He has been thanked for writing nearly 130 movies spanning seven decades of Argentine cinema.
Santa Cruz first wrote the script for a movie called Un Senor mucamo in 1940. Ten years later in 1950 that his career had a breakthrough with his adaption of the Oscar Wilde play, The Importance of Being Earnest in Al compas de tu mentira.
In 1963 he wrote the script to the gangster comedy Alias Flequillo. In 1969 he wrote the script to the Fernando Ayala movie El Profesor Hippie.
Sandro Mazzola

Sandro Mazzola (born 8 November 1942) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Keep the Aspidistra Flying

Keep the Aspidistra Flying is a novel by George Orwell. It was published in 1936 and it was Orwell's third book. It tells the story of a man who does not want to focus on money and tries to live a different life.
Background
Like the character in the book, Orwell spent some time working in a book shop. He used some of these experiences of living in poverty to give him ideas for the book.
George Orwell said afterwards that he did not like this book. He said that it should not be published again until after he had died.
Plot
The main character is a man called Gordon Comstock. He had a well paid job until he gave it up for a part time job in a book shop so he could spend more time writing poetry. He does not have much money and he struggles to pay for the basic things he needs like food and a place to live.
Coquille, Oregon

Coquille is a city in Oregon in the United States. It is the county seat of Coos County.
Tar pit

Decayed organic matter is in the ground as well as soil and clay. Under pressure, the organic matter can change to oil. The crude oil seeps upward through fractures, or porous sedimentary rock layers. It may form a pool at the surface.
The lighter parts of the crude oil evaporate into the atmosphere. That leaves behind behind a black, sticky asphalt. Tar pits are often dug into because they contain many fossils.
There are not many tar pits in the world, because they only form in these circumstances. The lighter elements in the crude oil evaporate. This makes sticky tar. The sticky tar may trap animals. Their distress calls are irresistible to the predators which follow them.
List of tar pits
There are five natural asphalt lakes in Kern County, California. The La Brea Tar Pits are a registered National Natural Landmark. The Salt Lake and South Salt Lake oil fields are connected to La Brea. They are about 20/30 miles away to the northwest.
La Brea: In the La Brea Tar Pits more than one million bones have been taken from the dried oil since 1906. 231 vertebrate species, 234 invertebrate species, and 159 plant species have been identified. The most frequent large mammal found in the La Brea Tar Pits is the dire wolf. This is one of the most famous prehistoric carnivores that lived in the Pleistocene epoch. Fossils from saber-toothed cats and coyotes are also common. More fossils are being discovered by excavation projects.
For thousands of years, Native Americans used tar from the La Brea Tar Pits. They used the tar as waterproofing to line their boats and baskets. When Westerners arrived at the tar pits, they began mining. They used the tar for roofing material in nearby towns.
Carpinteria tar pits, East of Santa Barbara, California. In an excavation, 25 plant species were found, 55 species of birds and 26 species of mammals.
Pitch Lake, Trinidad and Tobago. This is the largest deposit of solid bitumen on Earth. The top can be walked on, but underneath the asphalt bubbles away. The lake gets gradually softer and hotter near the center where the bitumen begins to bubble. The gas being released in the middle of the lake is largely methane with lots of carbon dioxide.
Binagadi Asphalt Lake in Azerbaijan, or in the Caucasus, a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
The general term which covers all kinds of oil reserves on Earth is "oil shale" or "oil shale reserves".
Pat Stapleton (ice hockey)

Patrick James "Whitey" Stapleton (July 4, 1940 - April 8, 2020) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He was a defenceman. Stapleton played 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) and the World Hockey Association (WHA), mainly for the Chicago Black Hawks. He also played for the Boston Bruins, Chicago Cougars, Indianapolis Racers and Cincinnati Stingers.
Stapleton was born in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. He was the father of Mike Stapleton, who had a lengthy career in the NHL as well. Stapleton died on April 8, 2020 of stroke-related problems in Strathroy-Caradoc, Ontario, aged 79.
Savigneux, Ain

Savigneux is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Paul "Lil' Buck" Sinegal

Paul "Lil' Buck" Sinegal (January 14, 1944 - June 10, 2019) was an American blues and zydeco guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was born in Lafayette, Louisiana.
In the late 1960s, he recorded his own instrumentals, including "Cat Scream" and "Monkey in a Sack", for the La Louisiane record label. Later, in the 1980s and 1990s, he also toured internationally with Buckwheat Zydeco and with Rockin' Dopsie. He founded the Cowboy Stew Blues Revue with C. C. Adcock. In 1999, he released the album The Buck Starts Here.
Sinegal died on June 9, 2019 at his home in Lafayette from problems caused by an illness, aged 75.
Abdelhamid Abaaoud

Abdelhamid Abaaoud (8 April 1987 - 18 November 2015) was a Belgian Islamic terrorist. He spent his early years in a nicer household, went to a private college and decided to join ISIS After his family advised against his decision. After which His Family disowned him stating that they hope That He was dead .He was suspected of having organized multiple terror attacks in Belgium and France, including the November 2015 Paris attacks. He also went by the names Abou Omar Soussi (, meaning "from Sous", his Moroccan family's place of origin) and Abou Omar el-Beljiki (, meaning Abou Omar the Belgian).
On 18 November French authorities conducted a raid which ended in the injury of five police officers, two deaths and five arrests. The raid took place in the suburb of Saint-Denis, near Paris, and targeted Abaaoud. Abaaoud was one of those who died in the raid.
Vengeance (2005)

Vengeance (2005) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on June 26, 2005 at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was the fifth Vengeance event.
Barreiro, Portugal

Barreiro is a city and a municipality in the District of Setubal in Portugal. It officially became a city in 1984.
Sports
F.C. Barreirense is the largest team in Barreiro. Portuguese international footballers like Jose Augusto, Fernando Chalana, and Joao Cancelo were born in Barreiro, as well as Dutch international Bruno Martins Indi.
PSL Research University

The PSL Research University (PSL) is a public university in Paris, France. PSL has ten members. The university also has six research departments. Called a mega-university, their goal is to reach the same level of excellence as MIT, Oxford, Cambridge and Harvard Universities. It is a center for scientific and technological research. PSL students, graduates, and faculty members are famous for being given many awards. The university has been started in 2010. It is one of the most selective universities. The most popular major is engineering.
Nava Semel

Nava Semel (; born Nava Artzi; 15 September 1954 - 2 December 2017) was an Israeli author, playwright, screenwriter and translator. Her short story collection Kova Zekhukhit (Hat of Glass) was the first work of fiction published in Israel. It addressed the topic of the "Second Generation" - children of Holocaust survivors.
She received "The Israeli Prime Minister's Award for Literature" in 1996, "The Women Writers of the Mediterranean Award" in France 1994, and "Women of the Year in Literature of the City of Tel Aviv" 2006.
Ramna Kali Mandir

The Ramna Kali Temple (), also known as the Ramna Kalibari (house of the Hindu goddess Kali) was one of the most famous Hindu temples of the Indian subcontinent. It was believed to be over a thousand years old. The temple was in Dhaka (the capital of present day Bangladesh) near the Ramna Park (now renamed as Suhrawardy Udyan).
John C. Calhoun

John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 - March 31, 1850) was the vice president of the United States for John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Calhoun was vice president under two different presidents. George Clinton is the only other vice president to serve under two presidents. Calhoun's father was an Irish immigrant.
Calhoun is probably best remembered for his strong beliefs in slavery and nullification, which said any US state had the right to reject a federal law if it was unconstitutional. President Andrew Jackson hated nullification and this disagreement started a feud between them. Calhoun was the first vice president in U.S. history to resign from office, doing so on December 28, 1832. In 1844 and 1845 he was United States Secretary of State.
Tarek Fatah

Tarek Fatah (Punjabi/Urdu: ; 20 November 1949 - 24 April 2023) was a Pakistani-Canadian journalist and author. Fatah advocated LGBT rights, a seperation of religion and state, opposition to sharia law, and advocacy for a liberal, progressive form of Islam. He called himself "an Indian born in Pakistan" and a Punjabi born into Islam" and was a vocal critic of The Pakistani religious and political establishment. To this end, Fatah had criticized the partition of India. Since 1987 Fatah left Pakistan and settled in Saudi Arabia, before emigrating to Canada.
Fatah died of cancer on April 24, 2023 at the age of 73.
Töreboda Municipality

Toreboda Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Toreboda.
Pederpes

Pederpes is an extinct genus of early Carboniferous tetrapod, dating from the lower Mississippian, 348-347.6 million years ago (mya). Pederpes contains one species, P. finneyae, 1 m long. A single fossil was found in East Kirton quarry, West Lothian, Scotland, in early Carboniferous rocks. It is the first (and only) known near-complete skeleton of a tetrapod from the earliest Carboniferous. It lacks only the tail and some digits.
Pederpes had a large, somewhat triangular head, similar to that of later American Whatcheeria. This specimen shows the earliest example of a foot adapted for walking on land. The feet look like the feet of later, more terrestrially adapted Carboniferous forms. Pederpes is therefore the earliest known tetrapod that walked on land.
It fits in the middle of the a gap in the fossil record which separates the aquatic Devonian tetrapods from the terrestrial ones of the mid-Carboniferous.
Discovery and classification
Pederpes was discovered in 1971 in central Scotland and classified as a lobe-finned fish. The type specimen was a nearly complete, articulated skeleton (bones still connected). Only the tail and some bones of the skull and limbs were missing. It was not until 2002 that Jennifer Clack named and reclassified the fossil as a primitive tetrapod.
Pederpes is of uncertain relationship to other tetrapod families. While undoubtedly amphibian in life mode, Pederpes is not considered an amphibian in the meaning of modern amphibians. It is a very basal (primitive) tetrapod.
Pederpes is an important fossil because it comes from the period of time known as Romer's gap, a 20 million year gap in the sequence of tetrapod fossils. It is therefore a transitional fossil, and gives biologists rare information about the development of tetrapods in a time when terrestrial life was scarce.
Anatomy and lifestyle
Pederpes was 1 metre long, estimating the tail as one-third of the body length. This is average-sized for an early tetrapod.
The shape of the skull and the fact that the feet face forward rather than outward. This shows that Pederpes was well adapted to life on land. It is the earliest known fully terrestrial animal, although the structure of the ear shows that its hearing was still much more functional underwater than on land. It may have spent much of its time in the water and could have hunted there.
The narrow skull suggests that Pederpes breathed by inhaling with a muscular action like most modern tetrapods, rather than by pumping air into the lungs with a throat pouch the way modern amphibians usually do.
Taro Kawano

Taro Kawano (born 4 February 1980) is a former Japanese football player.
Upshur County, Texas

Upshur County is a county in eastern Texas. In 2020, 40,892 people lived there. The county seat is Gilmer.
John Russell (musician)

John Russell (19 December 1954 - 18 January 2021) was an American acoustic guitarist who worked in free improvisation. His career began in the 1970s. Russell was born in Kent, England.
Russell died on 18 January 2021 from cancer, aged 66.
Roy Keane

Roy Maurice Keane (born 10 August 1971 in Mayfield, Cork, Republic of Ireland) is a former Irish football player. He was the manager of English Championship club Ipswich Town. He played for Republic of Ireland national team. The best part of his career was twelve-years with Manchester United, in which between 1997 and 2005 he was captain.
Boyle County, Kentucky

Boyle County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 28,432. Its county seat is Danville.
When a Man Loves a Woman

"When a Man Loves a Woman" is a 1966 R&B song by Percy Sledge. The song hit #1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also was #1 on the R&B singles chart. The song was later performed by Michael Bolton in 1991. His version won a Grammy Award. Barbara Mandrell recorded a country music version of this song, also in 1991.
Usa Jingū

, also known as , is a Japanese Shinto shrine in the city of Usa in Oita Prefecture on the island of Kyushu.
History
The shrine was founded in the Wado era (708-714).
A Buddhist temple called Miroku-ji was built next to it in 779, making it what is believed to be the first shrine-temple (jingu-ji) ever. The shrine-temple complex, called , lasted until 1868.
Usa first appears in the chronicles of Imperial history during the reign of Empress Shotoku.
Usa jingu was designated as the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) for the old Buzen Province. It serves today as one of the ichinomiya of Oita and Fukuoka Prefectures.
From 1871 through 1946, Usa was officially listed among the first rank of government supported shrines.
Branch shrines
Usa is today the center of over 40,000 branch Hachiman shrines. In Shinto belief, the many Hachiman shrines have extended the reach of the kami at Usa.
Zygnematales

The Zygnematales also called the Conjugales, are an order of green algae, comprising several thousand different species in genera such as the well-known Zygnema and Spirogyra. All the members of this group develop into unbranched filaments, one cell thick, which grow longer through normal cell division. Most live in freshwater, and form an important component of the algal scum that grows on or near plants, rocks, and various debris.
Lake Nicaragua

Lake Nicaragua is the biggest lake in Central America. It lies in the south of Nicaragua, close to the border with Costa Rica. A river connects the lake to Lake Managua, which lies to the north. There are over 400 islets, three islands, and two volcanoes in Lake Nicaragua.San Juan river connects the lake to the Carribean Sea.
Nēnē

The Nene, or Hawaiian goose (Branta sandvicensis) is a species of goose. It is found today on only three Hawaiian islands. It gets its name from its soft call.
This is an unmistakable species, with its generally brown plumage (feathers) and darker head. Its strong toes have much reduced webbing (skin between the toes), an adjustment to the lava flows on which it breeds. The Nene goes about on land much more than other water birds. When moulting (dropping old feathers and growing new ones), the Nene cannot fly, as do other geese, a factor which made it vulnerable to hunting.
The Nene was once among the most threatened waterfowl species around the world. Once common, hunting and predators brought to the islands such as mongooses, pigs and cats reduced the population to only 30 birds in the 1950s. However, this species breeds well in captivity (zoos and bird parks), and has been successfully re-introduced. There are also good numbers in wild bird collections.
The Nene is the state bird of Hawaii.
Simei MRT station

Simei MRT station (EW3) is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the East West line in Tampines, Singapore. This station mainly serves Simei, a residential estate which is part of the larger Tampines New Town.
History
Before the construction of the station, the station was known as Tampines South. The name was changed to Simei in 1985, before the station's opening in 1989.
As like other above-ground stations built during the initial construction of the East West line, the station did not have platform screen doors. Following successful trials at Jurong East, Yishun and Pasir Ris stations, half height platform screen doors were installed and started operation on 3 July 2011. High-volume low-speed fans were also installed at the platform in 2011.
The Whole World Lost Its Head

"The Whole World Lost Its Head" is a 1994 song by American new wave band The Go-Go's and taken from their album Return to the Valley of The Go-Go's. It went to number 29 in the United Kingdom and was their one and only top 40 hit in the United Kingdom.
1994 songs
The Go-Go's songs
Alternative rock songs
Jacqueline Coleman

Jacqueline Coleman (born June 9, 1982) is an American educator and politician. She is the 58th Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky since 2019. She has worked as an administrator, teacher, and basketball coach. She is a member of the Democratic Party. She is also Kentucky's Secretary of Education and Workforce Development.
4 Baruch

4 Baruch, also called Paraleipomena of Jeremiah (Paralipomena Jeremiae), contains the Rest of the Words of Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy.
This religious text is said to be a part of the Old Testament by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Other Christian denominations do not include in the Bible.
Prokash Karmakar

Prokash Karmakar (; 1933 - 24 February 2014) was a preeminent Indian artist and painter. His work is in the permanent collection of a number of museums and galleries all over India, including the National Gallery of Modern Art in New Delhi. He was born in Kolkata, West Bengal.
Karmakar died from an illness on 24 February 2014. He was 81 years old.
Saint Dominic

Saint Dominic (; 1170 - 6 August 1221) was the founder of a Catholic order, the Friars Preachers, often called the Dominicans or the Order of Preachers (OP). Dominic is the patron saint of astronomers and the Dominican Republic. He was born in Caleruega, half-way between Osma and Aranda in Old Castile, Spain. He is sometimes called Dominic of Osma or Dominic de Guzman. He is the founder of the worldwide famous Dominican Order.
Le Relecq-Kerhuon

Le Relecq-Kerhuon () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Old English

The Old English language, often called Anglo-Saxon, was spoken in Anglo-Saxon England from 450 AD to 1100 AD. It was spoken by the Anglo-Saxons, who came to Great Britain from what is now Germany and Denmark. Different Anglo-Saxon kingdoms spoke different dialects, but a western dialect became the main literary version. Both modern languages of England and Scotland (English and Scots) came from the language of the Anglo-Saxons.
Old English is very different from Modern English and has many more Germanic words. In early centuries, it was rarely written down and even then was in runes. After the 9th century, the Latin alphabet was used more often. Old English grammar is difficult, with complex inflections, and close to Old German. Latin was used by churchmen like the venerable Bede. Old English gradually turned into Middle English after the Norman Conquest of 1066.
Beowulf is written in Old English in an alphabetic script.
Final Doom

Final Doom is a 1996 first-person shooter video game. It has two 32-level episodes: TNT: Evilution by Team TNT, and The Plutonia Experiment by Dario and Milo Casali. The game is also available on the PlayStation, including the Doom 2 expansion pack Master Levels of Doom II.
Fongafale

Fongafale is the largest island among small Funafuti's Islands in the capital atoll of Tuvalu
Complication

In medicine, people talk about complications if a disease or condition a patient has gets worse. This makes it more difficult (or more complicated, that is where the word is from) to treat.
Some people are allergic to certain anesthetics; they will have an allergic shock. This makes surgery more difficult.
People with osteoporosis may have their ribs or sternum broken when they undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
SV Schwechat

SC Germania Schwechat was an Austrian football club from Lower Austria. Today the club is playing under the name SV Schwechat in the Wiener Stadtliga (4th level).
History
The club was founded in 1907. Then ASK Schwechat (founded 1903) and SK Graphia Wien (founded 1899) decided to play together as SC Germania Schwechat. SC Germania Schwechat soon developed into a sought-after playing partner of the Viennese teams. After the end of the First World War Schwechat participated in Viennas championship and was classified into the 2nd class. In their first season 1919-20 they became runner-up behind SC Hakoah Wien. The next few seasons they each failed to be promoted to the highest league. Therefore some players left the club to play in a First League club which weakened the club. In the 1926-27 season the club was relegated and most players went to SK Neukettenhof wich was seen as successor club of Germania.
Mrs. Soffel

Mrs. Soffel is a 1984 American romantic crime drama movie directed by Gillian Armstrong and starring Mel Gibson, Diane Keaton, Matthew Modine, Edward Herrmann, Trini Alvarado, Jennifer Dundas, Terry O'Quinn, Maury Chaykin, Heather Graham. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Province of Medio Campidano

Medio Campidano is a province in the autonomous region of Sardinia in Italy.
Vermilion Parish, Louisiana

Vermilion Parish () is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,359. The parish seat is Abbeville. The parish was created in 1844.
Catherine Colonna

Catherine Colonna (born 16 April 1956) is a French politician. Colonna has been the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs since 2022. She was the Ambassador of France to the United Kingdom from 2019 to 2022. Before this, she was the Ambassador of France to Italy between 2014 and 2017.
Biography
Colonna learnt about law as a child.
In 1983, she chose to become a diplomat instead of doing a job associated with law. She decided to work at the French embassy in the USA. Colonna started working in the political unit. She would move to the press and information unit.
After she went back to Paris, she would work in the legal part of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She did this from 1986 to 1988.
In 1993, Minister of Foreign Affairs Alain Juppe and Cabinet Director Dominique de Villepin named Catherine Colonna deputy spokesperson. This meant she helped represent the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In May 1995, President Jacques Chirac made her the speaker for the Elysee Palace. Colonna would stop her work in diplomacy for a bit after this.
After the European Constitution referendum, she started working on diplomacy again. Colonna was made Minister Delegate for European Affairs on 2 June 2005. She was the Minister for two years, until 15 May 2007.
On 26 March 2008, Catherine Colonna was made the French ambassador to UNESCO.
She also is in-charge the board of leaders of the Ecole du Louvre. She became in-charge in May 2010.
She was made the French ambassador to Italy on 14 August 2014. She would work as the ambassador until 2017. In 2019, she became the French ambassador to the United Kingdom.
Reichenbach an der Fils

Reichenbach an der Fils () is a municipality in Esslingen, a district (Landkreis) in Baden-Wurttemberg in southern Germany.
Cereal

Cereal usually refers to a type of grass that is grown to be eaten. Some, such as wheat, are mostly used to feed people. Some are fed to cattle, and lesser amounts are used for other purposes.
It is a common breakfast meal. The kind of cereal eaten for breakfast is called breakfast cereal. This is made of grain, and usually eaten with milk in the United States. It is often sweetened with sugar, syrup, or fruit.
The word "cereal" comes from 'Ceres', the name of the Roman goddess of harvest and agriculture. Grains are called corn in the United Kingdom and Ireland, but in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand corn means maize.
History
In the 19th century, Americans ate meat a lot for breakfast and usually did not eat grains and fiber. But after that, people who were interested in eating more healthy foods began a push for healthy breakfasts.
This brought up the creation of Granula. The name Granula comes from granulates, formed of grain. In 1863 this became the first breakfast cereal and included heavy nuggets made from bran, the outer husk of a grain that is taken out when making flour. The cereal had to be soaked overnight before being eaten. Simply pouring milk over it was not enough to make it eatable.
The cereals eaten today grew out of a health campaign that began in the 1860s. Thin baked dough served to patients in hospitals inspired two men, C.W. Post and W. K. Kellogg. These two men started their own companies, named them after themselves.
Steve Mortimer

Stephen Charles Mortimer (born 15 July 1956), also nicknamed "Turvey", is an Australian former rugby league player. He was a halfback. Mortimer played a Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs club record 272 first grade games between 1976 and 1988, winning four premierships during the 1980s. He was born in the Sydney suburb of Yagoona, and was raised in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. He also played for the New South Wales team between 1977 and 1985. From 1981 to 1984, he also played for the Australian national team.
In 2021, Mortimer was diagnosed with dementia. In February 2022, he was sent to a care home.
Dominique Strauss-Kahn

Dominique Strauss-Kahn (born 25 April 1949) is a French politician and economist of Jewish descent. He studied economics and is a professor for economics at a university in Paris. He has held different posts in the French government, and was the head of the International Monetary Fund from 2007 to 2011. In France, his name is usually abbreviated DSK.
He is a full professor at the Paris Institute for Political Studies ("Sciences Po").He was a Professor of Economics at Paris West University Nanterre La Defense and Sciences Po, and was Minister of Economy and Finance from 1997 to 1999, as part of Lionel Jospin's Plural Left government. He belongs to the right wing of the Socialist Party (PS) (which is on the center-left of French politics). He was nominated in the 2006 primary elections of his party to become a candidate for the French presidential election in 2007. Segolene Royal defeated him in these elections in November 2006.
On 14 May 2011, Strauss-Kahn was arrested and charged with sexually assaulting a woman in a hotel in New York. Strauss-Kahn denies all charges. A judge later approved his release on bail.
On 18 May 2011 he resigned from his post at the IMF, in order to be able to focus on his defense.
On 29 June 2011, French finance minister Christine Lagarde was elected IMF Managing director and took office on 5 July 2011.
From 1995 till 1997 he was mayor of Sarcelles.
Early Life
Dominique Strauss-Kahn was born on 25 April 1949 in the wealthy Paris suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine. He is the son of lawyer Gilbert Strauss-Kahn. Strauss-Kahn's father was born to an Alsatian Jewish father and a Catholic mother from Lorraine; Strauss-Kahn's mother is from a Sephardic Jewish family in Tunisia.
Political Life
Strauss-Kahn was first an activist member of the Union of Communist Students, before joining in the 1970s the Centre d'etudes, de recherches et d'education socialiste (Center on Socialist Education Studies and Research, CERES) led by Jean-Pierre Chevenement, future presidential candidate at the 2002 election. There, he befriended the future Prime Minister of France Lionel Jospin (PS).
A Woman in Love (It's Not Me)

"A Woman in Love (It's Not Me)" is a 1981 song by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. It is the second single from their fourth studio album Hard Promises. It went to number 79 in the United States.
1394

Events
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote the Canterbury Tales.
Michael Gage (politician)

Michael Gage (May 1, 1945 - August 23, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the California State Assembly for the 8th district from December 6, 1976 to November 30, 1980. Gage was born in Glendale, California.
Gage died on August 23, 2021 in Salem, Oregon from cancer, aged 76.
Transcontinental railroad

A transcontinental railroad is a network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass. It must be continuous. It has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks can be via the tracks of either a single railroad, or over those owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route.
Interval arithmetic

Interval arithmetic is a specific type of computer arithmetic for (mathematical) intervals. It is mainly used for the automated detection of errors. There is a value, which isn't known exactly, but which can be given by an interval: the value is known to be inside the interval. There's a function to calculate the error. This function should be given the unknown value, but instead can only be given the interval. The result is a function which will map intervals.
Interval arithmetic can be used to treat rounding errors, or to treat insecurities with measurements: Each measurement has a certain error, which cannot be determined exactly.
Definition
For real intervals (interval of real numbers), interval arithmetic is defined as follows:
Addition:
Subtraction:
Multiplication:
Division:
where
Applications
Interval arithmetic is mainly used in the field of validated numerics. It is also used in other technical areas.
Implementations
Since the birth of interval arithmetic, many experts have made interval arithmetic programs. The most famous works are INTLAB (made with MATLAB), arb, JuliaIntervals, and kv.
Community
There are several international conferences about interval arithmetic. One of the most largest meeting is the International Symposium on Scientific Computing, Computer Arithmetic, and Validated Numerics (usually abbreviated as SCAN). There are also SWIM (Small Workshop on Interval Methods), PPAM (International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics), and REC (International Workshop on Reliable Engineering Computing).
Karakoram

The Karakoram is a Mountain range in Asia. The name is from a Turkic word meaning back gravel. It is mainly located in China, India, and Pakistan. Parts of the range extend into Afghanistan and Kyrgyzstan. Many of its mountains are in the regions of Gilgit-Baltistan, Ladakh, and Xinjiang. It is the second highest mountain range in the world. The Karakoram is part of a complex of mountain ranges that also includes the Himalaya, Hindu Kush, and Pamir ranges. The range has eight mountains with tops over high. Four of these are higher than . They are K2, Gasherbrum I, Broad Peak, and Gasherbrum II. K2 is the world's second highest peak.
The range is about long and it covers a tract about broad. Karakoram separates the State of Kashmir from China, and South-central Asian States. It also protects Kashmir from the extreme cold winds of Siberia. There are over 300 peaks with an elevation between and high. Karakoram is the most glaciated part of the world outside the polar regions. Glaciers cover about 28-50% of the mountains in the range. This is much higher than the Himalayan average of 8-12%. Some of the famous glaciers are the Siachen Glacier ( long) and Biafo Glacier (long). These are the second and third longest glaciers in the world, outside the polar region. Many hilly lakes and hot-water springs are also located in Karakoram. The valleys are sources to many rivers and streams which drain in the Indus River.
The high Karakoram Pass connects Kashmir with the Central Asian states. It is considered to be a historical route. Shaksgam Pass, Aghil Pass, and Khunjerab Pass are also in this range of mountains.
Casemiro

Carlos Henrique Casimiro (born 23 February 1992), commonly known as Casemiro, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for English club Manchester United. He also plays for the Brazil national football team.
Open data

Open data is data that is openly accessible, exploitable, editable and shared by anyone for any purpose, even commercially. Open data is licensed under an open license.
Data is information that is in a machine-readable form. Data can be text, statistics, maps, images, video recordings, music, financial data and other.
Kimmeridge clay

The Kimmeridge clay formation is a sedimentary deposit of fossiliferous marine clay and mudstones. It is of Upper Jurassic age, and occurs in Europe. It gives its name to a stage in the Upper Jurassic called the Kimmeridgian, lasting from 157.3-152.1 million years ago.
Kimmeridge clay is perhaps the most economically important unit of rocks in the whole of Europe, because it is the major source for oil fields in the North Sea.
The clay is named after the village of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast of England, where it is well exposed and forms part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. It exists across England, in a band stretching from Dorset in the south-west, north-east to East Anglia and Hull. The River Humber Bridge's foundations are in the Kimmeridge Clay deposits under the Humber estuary.
The fossil fauna of the Kimmeridge Clay includes a reptile fauna of turtles, crocodiles, dinosaurs, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs and ichthyosaurs, as well as many invertebrate species such as Gryphaea.
Climate
The Kimmeridge Clay was laid down in
an environment which is not present on the Earth today. Much of Western Europe was covered by a high sea-level: this may be related to the opening of the Atlantic. As a consequence, the UK was covered by a shallow and largely anoxic sea, perhaps less than 100m deep, with occasional landmasses.
This was shallower water than the Blue Lias of the Lower Jurassic. It was often low in oxygen, which led to its organic material being only partially decomposed. The mudstones are organic-rich, and gave rise to most of the North Sea oil.
Braman, Oklahoma

Braman is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
Fred Thompson

Fred Dalton Thompson (Freddie Dalton Thompson; August 19, 1942 - November 1, 2015) was an American politician, actor, attorney, and lobbyist.
Thompson was born at Helen Keller Memorial Hospital in Sheffield, Alabama, He become famous during the 1970s during the Watergate Scandal because he discovered the Watergate tapes which would lead to President Richard Nixon's resignation in 1973.
He starred on Law & Order as Arthur Branch, the District Attorney of New York. He quit the show to run as the Republican candidate for the United States presidency in 2008, but he did not become the candidate. He was also the host of The Fred Thompson Show, one of Westwood One's most popular talk shows.
On November 1, 2015, Thompson died from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), a form of cancer, at the age of 73 in Nashville, Tennessee.
Ole Nydahl

Ole Nydahl (born 19 March 1941 in Copenhagen, Denmark) is the founder and leader of Diamond Way Buddhism, an organisation in the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. Since the 1970s he has travelled the world teaching and founding meditation centres.
Teachers
Ole Nydahl's first teacher was the Drukpa-Kagyu master Lopon Tsechu Rinpoche. In December 1969, Ole Nydahl and his late wife, Hannah Nydahl met the 16th Karmapa, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje, a renowned yogi and the head of the Karma Kagyu lineage. They were among the first Western students of the 16th Karmapa. Ole Nydahl is also a student of Shamar Rinpoche.
Bibliography
Ole Nydahl has written several books in either English or German which have been translated into several European languages.
Most popular English titles:
Ngondro: The Four Foundational Practices of Tibetan Buddhism. Blue Dolphin Publishing (1990).
Riding the Tiger: Twenty Years on the Road - Risks and Joys of Bringing Tibetan Buddhism to the West. Blue Dolphin Publishing (1992).
Entering the Diamond Way: Tibetan Buddhism meets the West. Blue Dolphin Publishing (1999).
The Great Seal: Limitless Space and Joy - The Mahamudra View of Diamond Way Buddhism. Fire Wheel Publishing (2004).
The Way Things Are: A Living Approach to Buddhism. John Hunt Publishing (2007).
Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin (or haemoglobin) is a protein in red blood cells which contains iron. It is used to transport oxygen around the human body.
Hemoglobin is found in the red blood cells of almost all vertebrates. The exceptions are the fish family Channichthyidae, and the tissues of some invertebrates. It does occur in some invertebrates, but most invertebrates use other chemicals, such as hemocyanin.
Hemoglobin is involved in the transport of other gases. It carries some of the body's respiratory carbon dioxide (about 20-25% of the total).
Red blood cells get their colour from hemoglobin, which is red. There are millions of hemoglobin molecules in each red blood cell and millions of red blood cells in the human body. When hemoglobin has oxygen attached, it is called oxyhemoglobin.
Structure
The most common type of hemoglobin in mammals contains four such subunits. Each subunit of hemoglobin is a globular protein (globin) with a heme group inside it. Each heme group has one iron atom. This binds one oxygen molecule. So the complete hemoglobin molecule has four globin chains, four heme molecules, and four iron atoms. When hemoglobin is in the lungs, it picks up oxygen in its hemes, and carries it to the rest of the body.
Its structure took years to work out. Max Perutz and John Kendrew worked out the structure of myoglobin first. That muscle globin is smaller, with only one heme group.
Choanoflagellate

The choanoflagellates are a class or phylum of collared microscopic flagellate eukaryotes. Some species are single cells, some are multicellular. They do not have chloroplasts, and are heterotrophic. Some consider they form the simplest phylum of animals; others consider them to be protists.
Thongchai McIntyre

Thongchai "Bird" McIntyre, who was born as Albert Thongchai McIntyre on December 8, 1958, is a Thai pop singer and actor. He released his debut album in 1986. He is the most successful singer in Thailand, as he sold more than 20 million albums. He is also sometimes called the following names:
Bird Thongchai
Thongchai McIntyre ()
Pe Bird (elder brother Bird)
or simply, Bird The Superstar No.1 of Thailand.
Biography
Thongchai McIntyre, or "Bird Thongchai", is best known for his string (Thai pop) and luk thung music. He is also known for acting in numerous films, on the television, musicals, and in commercials.
Thongchai McIntyre was born in Bangkok in 1958. His parents were James and Udom McIntyre. He lived in a family of musicians, and so, he enjoyed an upbringing in a musical environment. His father died when Bird was still a child. He started working in a bank as an officer. During that time, he had a chance to meet the famous Thai TV producer, "Kai Varayuth", who saw entertainment talent in Bird. Bird played his first TV series with Kai while still working in the bank. This task showed his talent. His most memorable roles were those of Captain Kobori from Koo Kam, which was a tragic love story between a Japanese soldier (played by Bird) and a local Thai girl during the World War II. In both, he starred in a television series, and he reprised his role in the 1996 film adaptation, Sunset at Chaophraya.
He reached the top of his musical career in the early nineties. Some of Bird's best-known songs are Duay Rak Lae Pook Pan, Koo Gud, Sabai Sabai and Kob Jai Jing Jing. His popular singles released recently include luk thung singles Mah Tummai (with Jintara Poonlarp), Fan Ja (with Jintara and Jarin B. (Joey Boy), Nat Myria Benedetti and Katreeya English), Lao Su Kan Fang, and Yak Tham Kor Tob and Mai Kang Ying Pae from his album "Volume One". Westerners became aware of him in the mid nineties as he became the first Thai artist to receive an International MTV Award, be featured in the most high budget Thai film at the time, "Sunset at Chaopraya" (which reached international acclaim in Japan as well as the United States). He was featured on CNN and Variety magazine. An award winning documentary on his life entitled "Crossing Borders" directed by Phanjanit Garnploog can be seen at St. John's University in New York which includes rare interviews with the director. In 2010, Bird made his first international tour in Los Angeles and the 50th Anniversary of Lincoln Center in New York. It marks the first time in history a Thai pop artist has made an international tour. His Grammy label mates have previously only performed at local venues.
In late 2007, he released another album entitled "Simply Bird", which features songs such as Chuay Rap Tee and Mee Tae Kid Tueng.
Benjamín Prado Casas

Benjamin Prado Casas (4 January 1926 - 7 March 2022) was a Chilean politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Party. He was in the Senate of Chile from 1965 to 1973. Prado Casas was born in Valparaiso, Chile. From 1970 until 1971, he was the President of the Christian Democratic Party.
Prado Casas died in Concon, Chile on 7 March 2022, at the age of 96.
She's Always a Woman

"She's Always a Woman" is a 1978 song by Billy Joel and taken from his fifth studio album The Stranger. It went to number 17 in the United States, number 12 in Canada, number 15 in the Netherlands and number 28 in Belgium. In 1986 it went to number 22 in Ireland. In 2010 it went to number 29 in the United Kingdom and in 2011 it went to number 37 in Australia. It has been covered by Fyfe Dangerfield.
Track listing
7" single (1977)
"She's Always a Woman"
"Vienna"
Single (CBS)
"She's Always a Woman"
"Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)"
Japanese 7" single (CBS 06SP 248)
"She's Always a Woman"
"Only the Good Die Young"
Synonym

A synonym is a word (or a phrase) which means the same thing as another word or phrase.
Examples:
car and automobile
baby and infant
child and kid
make and create.
student and pupil
sick and ill
scared and frightened
rich and wealthy
Synonyms can be nouns, verbs, adverbs or adjectives, but both words must be of the same part of speech. That means, only a noun can be a synonym of another noun, only a verb can be a synonym of another verb, and so on.
One can find sets of synonyms in a thesaurus, which is a book listing groups of related words.
Some words are near-synonyms, which have similar but not exactly the same meaning.
Examples of proper nouns, such as names of these languages, having synonyms or near-synonyms include:
Saimese also known as Thai
Urdu also known as Lashkari
Ghurkhali also known as Nepali
Euskara also known as Basque
Ute also known as Noochew
Persian also known as Farsi or Parsi
Mynamar also known as Burmese
History
The word "synonym" dates back over 500 years, to late Middle English. The term is derived from Latin from the Greek word sunonumon, neuter form (used as a noun) of the adjective sunonumos, from sun- meaning 'with' + onoma meaning 'name' in the Greek language.
The meaning of the word has remained unchanged for all these centuries. There is even a saying, going back to 1892, "Once a synonym, always a synonym".
The word has been taught to generations of English-language students and is commonly known by the general public. Many other languages have a similar word for "synonym" with the same or similar spelling.
Bacău County

Bacau () is a county (judet) of Romania, in Moldavia. The capital of Bacau County is Bacau, with a population of about 130,000 people.
Geography
Bacau County has an area of 6,621 km2.
Divisions
Bacau County has 3 municipalities, 5 towns and 80 communes.
Pancalieri

Pancalieri is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Ravil Maganov

Ravil Ulfatovich Maganov (, ; 25 September 1954 - 1 September 2022) was a Russian businessman. He was the chairman of the national oil company Lukoil.
On 1 September 2022, Maganov died after falling from a sixth-floor window at a hospital in Moscow, Russia at the age of 67.