kcherry497/dyno-blast-4b-rag huggingface dataset:
Formula for Scaled Distance
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, America

D s = Scaled Distance (ft / m) D = Distance to nearest structures (ft / m) W = Explosive Charge per Blasthole (lbs/kg)

Imperial result:

D s = D / square root of W D = D s * square root of W W = (D/Ds) 2

Metric result:

same as Imperial, but use metric units of m for D s and D. kg for W.

Distance
D S = 50 (0 – 300 ft)
D S = 55 (301 – 5,000 ft)
D S = 65 (5,001 ft +)

25
0.25

50
1.00

75
2.25

100
4.00

150
9.00

200
16.00

250
25.00

300
36.00

301

29

350

40

400

52

500

82

600

119

700

161

800

211

900

267

1,000

330

2,000

1,322

3,000

2,975

4,000

5,289

5,000

8,264

5,001

5,919

6,000

8,520

10,000

23,668
TITAN® BPC
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

TITAN BPC is an emulsion explosive that has been specifically formulated for use in underground mining for long up-hole applications where uniform density and sensitivity throughout the explosive column is critical. TITAN BPC is recommended where pre-condition blasting of the ground is required to allow for optimal cave propagation.

Technical Information
DYNOMINER®
Document type: Brochure
Categories: Brochure

BULK EXPLOSIVES DELIVERY EQUIPMENT FOR TODAY’S UNDERGROUND OPERATIONS

DYNOMINER Advance
 • Units designed for development applications
DYNOMINER Profile APS
for long horizontal or vertical downholes • Simple, user friendly with remote control operation
Emulsion capacity: up to 4,400 kg (10,000 lb)
Loading rate: 56 kg/min (125 lbs/min)
 • Stand alone air operated unit or hydraulic/electric unit compatible with most OEM
 carriers
 • String loading and gassing options available with DynoLogix™

DYNOMINER Advance APS
 for short horizontal holes
 Emulsion capacity: 636 kg (1,400 lb) DYNOMINER Shaft
 Loading rate: 36 kg/min (80 lbs/min)
 • Stand alone, air operated units designed for shaft sinking applications
 • Manifold with 4 ports that can be operated simultaneously for fast cycle times
 • Quietly operates on regulated mine air and has no pumps or moving parts
DYNOMINER Shaft
Emulsion capacity: 1,725 kg (3,800 lb)
Loading rate: 27 to 40 kg/min (60 to 90 lbs/min)

dynonobel.com

DYNOMINER Profile as a modular option
 Dyno Nobel can improve your drill and blast efficiency by

DYNOMINER
Emulsion capacity: 1,270 kg (2,800 lb)
Loading rate: 56 kg/min (125 lbs/min) combining our proven explosives formulations with our
 reliable and adaptable loading equipment.

DYNOMINER equipment quickly loads large volumes of TITAN® 7000 bulk explosives, at
 DYNOMINER Profile as a removable cassette any angle, in a variety of underground construction, quarry and mining applications.
 Emulsion capacity: 4,500 kg (11,000 lb)
 Loading rate: 56 kg/min (125 lbs/min)
 Why Do Our Customers Like DYNOMINER?
 • Increased safety
 • Easy to operate and maintain
 • Reduced manual product handling

®
DYNOMINER Advance as a removable cassette • Improved efficiency and flexibility
Emulsion capacity: 1,800 kg (4,000 lb)
Loading rate: 36 kg/min (80 lbs/min) • Robust design for dependable operation in the underground environment

DYNOMINER Profile
 • Units with specialized, high accuracy uphole loading technology for production
 DYNOMINER Advance as a modular option • Compatible with most OEM equipment
 Emulsion capacity: 1,270 kg (2,800 lb)
 Loading rate: 36 kg/min (80 lbs/min) • Cassette style units are easily removed from chassis
 • Gassing option available with DynoLogix™
DynoMiner™ Advance Streamlines Blasting Efficiency at Cosmos Operations
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

Using TITAN® 7000 gassed emulsion technology, the rugged and compact DynoMiner Advance system significantly increased performance and dramatically reduced costs.

DynoMiner Advance Streamlines blasting Efficiency at Cosmos Operations
DriftShot™ Electronic Initiation System
Document type: Brochure
Categories: Brochure

• The DriftShot Blast Control Unit (BCU) contains pre-loaded delay firing templates for the
 blaster to use or customize.

• Multiple headings with up to 200 detonators per channel can be fired with the DriftShot BCU.

Safety & Security
 • The DriftShot BCU enables blast initiation from a safe location. Alternatively, a Surface
 Controller PC aboveground can be used to facilitate centralized blasting of up to 32 BCUs.

• A digitally encrypted signal fires the blast and a Smart Key and password are required.

Another practical innovation from Dyno Nobel !

www.dynonobel.com 800-732-7534

10- 2014 DriftShot is a trademark of DetNet South Africa (Proprietary) Ltd.

DriftShot®, our newest electronic initiation innovation, joins a
Rugged DriftShot Tagger proven suite of electronic initiation systems from Dyno Nobel
 and DetNet, our joint venture partner. DriftShot provides the
 underground blaster with the advantages of electronic initiation
 while retaining the easy tie-in characteristics of NONEL®.

Electronic Accuracy
 • The new level of timing accuracy offered by DriftShot enables blasters to achieve a variety
 of benefits ranging from reduced scaling (smooth wall perimeters), reduced overbreak, more
 consistent fragmentation and optimized use of explosives energy.

User Friendly
 • Minimal components at the face - just the electronic DriftShot detonator in the borehole
 and a 2-wire busline on the face.

• No programming at the face minimizes errors and makes the loading and hookup process
 easy. The blaster simply clips the detonators onto the busline and the Tagger identifies the
 delay period and number of detonators of each period contained in the blast.

• The DriftShot Tagger is a rugged, hand-held device with easy-to-follow screen menus which
 enable the blaster to identify borehole locations, test individual detonators and verify the entire
 Simple Busline Hook-Up
 circuit before leaving the heading.

Easy Blast Design
 • The system uses familiar, pre-numbered delay periods.
Stempac
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

Stempac is an underground stemming device used to retain explosive energy in blastholes drilled underground. The Stempac consists of a StemTite® Blast Control Plug surrounded by selected aggregate that is contained within a sleeve. The Stempac is held in the hole by a retention spider. In operation the explosive energy wedges the StemTite Blast Control Plug into the surrounding aggregate. This redirects the energy of the blast into the blasthole wall, which effectively contains the explosive energy.

Technical Information
DYNOSPLIT® Use for Clean High Wall
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

This Northeast aggregate quarry typically blasts using 6.5” holes on a large pattern for their aggregate needs. Future plans include moving the primary crusher from the current location into the pit. This would require a clean final wall for traffic safety.

DYNOSPLIT Use for Clean High Wall
TITAN® 3000 Gassed Blend Series
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

TITAN® 3000 Gassed Blends are emulsion rich, water resistant mixtures of TITAN 3000 emulsion and ANFO and are for use in wet blastholes of small to medium diameter. TITAN 3000 Gassed Blends have been designed to be pumped from a bulk emulsion vehicle through a loading hose to the bottom of wet blastholes.

SDS

Technical Information
DIFFERENTIAL ENERGY in Quarry Blasting
Document type: Case Study
Categories: Case Study

DIFFERENTIAL ENERGY™ in Quarry Blasting

Project Summary
Quarry reduces nox, vibration and
overall operating costs
This Mid-West Quarry generally used MB sensitized
emulsion blended with 30% ANFO. On occasion some
high density TITAN® XL was used to match the density
of the emulsion blend. Bench heights ranged from 40’
up to 80’ deep.
The ground a this quarry is seamy in places creating
situations where blends can migrate into the cracks. In
some areas the bottom of the face contains very hard
material with very soft/easy to break material in the
middle of the hole.
The quarry is in close proximity to neighbors so NOx
and vibration are important considerations.

Results
 Technology Applied
Differential Energy Technology Good results while using fewer
introduced with two different loads pounds of explosives

DIFFERENTIAL ENERGY was introduced to this Results of the blasts were very good. No NOx was
property where they tested, recently demonstrating visible, the blasts were well controlled and, with the
capabilities of the technology. homogenization capabilities of this product, very little
Two different loads were used. The first quarry bench slumpage was noticed. Digging results were also very
was loaded utilizing three segments: a 1.25 g/cc toe good. Utilizing the two segment loading methodology,
density, a 1.10 g/cc mid density and a 1.25 g/cc top 13% fewer lbs were used to achieve the same or better
density. results.

The second bench was loaded using only two segments,
a 20 foot bottom load with an average density of 1.25 g/
 Next Steps
cc and a 47 foot top load with an average density of 1.03
g/cc. More testing with other customers

If all the testing results are positive, and with customer
 acceptance, the Dyno Nobel partner involved in this
 13% market area will begin retrofitting potential TITAN gassing
 fewer
 trucks to this technology.
 pounds

Disclaimer This case study is provided for informational purposes only. No representation or warranty is made
 or intended by DYNO NOBEL INC. / DYNO NOBEL ASIA PACIFIC PTY LIMITED or its affiliates as to the
 applicability of any procedures to any particular situation or circumstance or as to the completeness or accuracy
 of any information contained herein. User assumes sole responsibility for all results and consequences.
 ©2017 Dyno Nobel
Using Electronic Detonators to Reduce Contamination and Improve Productivity
Document type: Case Study
Categories: Case Study

The rock face, with the dark brown contaminated stone on
the right of the lighter high-quality production stone In addition to the detonators, signature hole analysis was
 used to help keep vibration under control. Signature hole
 analysis is a technique in which one blasthole is detonated
 PROJECT GOALS and the vibration results are gathered. Timing sequences
 can then be modeled based upon the waveform.
DIVIDING CONTAMINATED ROCK SEAM FROM
HIGH-QUALITY PRODUCTION AGGREGATES
Our goal for this project was to use precise timing to
separate the contaminated stone seam from the high-
quality production stone seam and send the aggregate
in two different directions. This would produce a visible
division of the aggregate, allowing the excavation
crew to see where the high-quality aggregate and the
contaminated aggregate lay.

CASE STUDY

USING ELECTRONIC DETONATORS TO REDUCE
CONTAMINATION AND IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY
 BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED
SEPARATING GEOLOGY WITH BLAST TIMING TAGGING/TIMING DETONATORS
The client, Shelburne Limestone Corporation, needed to To ensure the timing accuracy necessary to separate
effectively separate a contaminated seam of stone from the contaminated rock from the high-quality stone was
high-quality production stone. Successful separation achieved, electronic detonators were used. For this
was essential because if the contaminated stone mixed project’s needs, DigiShot ® Detonators were selected.
with the high-quality production stone, it would not pass DigiShot Detonators are programmable precision initiation
quality control and the entire blast would become waste. devices that are designed for better control over blasts
 through electronic delay timing.

CASE STUDY

 VALUE ADDED
SAVING TIME AND RESOURCES
Upon completing the project, the customer was
impressed with the results. Our efforts ensured the blast
was accurately timed to separate the contaminated stone
from the high-quality stone. Doing so saved time and
resources, including manpower, along with improving
productivity and reducing waste.

The completed blast, with the dark brown contaminated
stone separated from the lighter, high-quality production
stone

Disclaimer: This case study is provided for informational purposes only. No representation or warranty is made or intended by Dyno Nobel or
its affiliates as to the applicability of any procedures to any particular situation or circumstance or as to the completeness or accuracy of any
information contained herein, and, to the full extent permitted by law, Dyno Nobel expressly disclaims any liability arising from the use of this
document or the information contained herein. User assumes sole responsibility for all results and consequences. © 2020 Dyno Nobel
NONEL® MS 1.1B
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, South America

NONEL® MS 1.1B

NONEL MS está diseñado para proveer un tiempo de retardo a cada barreno y puede ser usado tanto en aplicaciones subterráneas (no-carbón), cielo abierto, canteras y en la industria de la construcción, se puede usar en combinación con líneas troncales de cordón detonante, detonadores NONEL EZTL, NONEL EZDET y/o NONEL TD para proveer mayor flexibilidad de tiempos.

Hoja de Datos Técnicos

HDS
Better fragmentation, blast consistency and expanded pattern with DigiShot® Detonators
Document type: Case Study

Better Fragmentation, Blast Consistency and
 Expanded Pattern with DigiShot® Detonators

Project Summary
LOOKING FOR A WAY TO DECREASE
OVERALL BLASTING COSTS
This limestone mine in Northern Michigan was looking
to improve their blasting and lower their overall blasting
costs.

Technology Applied
DIGISHOT® ELECTRONIC DETONATORS USED
TO HELP MEET GOALS
Dyno Nobel proposed a solution using DigiShot
electronic detonators to decrease oversize, fines and
tight digging. The solution included less holes, less
powder and higher powder factors. A drone video was
taken to study movement and lift of blast.

Value Added
EXCEEDING EXPECTATIONS
Although the mine management was happy with the
NONEL® blasting before the trials, they were extremely
impressed with the results and improvements using the
DigiShot system and the expanded pattern.
Immediate results were seen by the bench loader
operator including:
 • Consistent digging across the muck pile
 • Good transition from row to row
 • No tight digging between spacing from hole to hole Next Stage
 • Elimination of all oversize
 • Very little to no scaling needed ADDITIONAL TRIAL BLASTS CONFIRMED
 • Excellent high wall stability
 All future blasts at this mine will be done with DigiShot.
Crusher throughput results were also seen including: The mine is looking into following this same formula at
 • Consistent rock size from truck to truck their other locations as well as further expansion at this
 • Decreased draw from the fines belt location. Additional trial blasts have been confirmed at
 • Increased draw from the finished product belts other locations.
 • Increased tons per hour through the crusher

Disclaimer This case study is provided for informational purposes only. No representation or warranty is made or intended by
 DYNO NOBEL INC. / DYNO NOBEL ASIA PACIFIC PTY LIMITED or its affiliates as to the applicability of any procedures to any
 particular situation or circumstance or as to the completeness or accuracy of any information contained herein. User assumes
 sole responsibility for all results and consequences.
 ©2017 Dyno Nobel
TITAN® BULK EMULSION
Document type: Brochure
Categories: Brochure

®

 Total Elapsed
 Rise Time:
 ~10 Minutes

TITAN SME • Gassed / Sensitized During Loading • Remote Geography
 • Distance / Logistics Constraints
 TITAN SMS • Site Mixed Gas Emulsion

• Underground Repumpable
U NDERGR OU ND

TITAN 7000 RU • Construction, Quarry and Metal Mines
 PR ODU CTS

• Standard Microballoon Sensitized
 • Underground Mining Operations
 TITAN 7000 RUSX • Sulfide Inhibiting Underground
 • Reactive / Varying Ground Temperatures
 * Additional products may be available for your specific needs. Please contact your Dyno Nobel sales representative for more information.
 dynonobel.com 800-732-7534 08- 2019 © Dyno Nobel Inc. 2010

TITAN Bulk Explosives Product Family

TITAN Bulk Explosives
 EMU L S IO N
 PRO DUCT A P P L IC AT IO N

®
 D ESC R IP T IO N
 TITAN 1000 MB Sensitized • Blends with ANFO (10/90–50/50
 • Open Pit – Dry or Dewatered Applications
 Emulsions Emulsion / ANFO)

Sensitized TITAN LD • TITAN 1000 / 2000 with Microballoon • Open Pit Large Diameter (LD) Holes (> 3”) / Wet Application

Sensitized TITAN SD Sensitivity • Open Pit Small Diameter (SD) Holes (< 3”) / Wet Application

TITAN 1000 Gassed Emulsions
 • Chemically Gassed
 TITAN G • Sensitized During Loading
 • Non-Homogenized • Used in Coal, Quarry and Metal Mines
 • Wet Application
 • Chemically Gassed and
 TITAN XL Homogenized
 • Strata Variability (Material Density)
P R O D U C TS
 S U R FA C E

• Variable Density Gassed and
 TITAN ∆E Homogenized • Used in Coal, Quarry and Metal Mines
 • Wet Application

TITAN 5000 Matrix
 • Inhibited Emulsion for Hot / Reactive
 TITAN Heavy ANFO • Surface Metal Operations – Dry or Dewatered
 Ground
 • Inhibited Emulsion for Hot / Reactive
 Ground
 TITAN ∆ E • Variable Density
 • Surface Metal Operations – Strata Variability (Material Density)
 Gassed / Homogenized
 • Parallel Emulsions and Downhole
 TITAN Gassed Blends –Inhibited • Surface Metal Operations – Strata Variability (Material Density)
 Products
Dyno Nobel Blast Design and DigiShot® Detonators Produce Excellent Results
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

The geologic formation varies throughout the pit from a fairly good fragmenting ‘blue’ stone to a very hard to break ‘green-white’ formation. In addition, both formations are loosely jointed with numerous slips running in unpredictable directions. On this particular blast, a major slip caused excessive burden on the face of the blast. The major challenge at this operation is the close proximity and density of surrounding communities, so vibration and air over-pressure must be addressed in any blast design.

Dyno Nobel Blast Design and DigiShot Detonators Produce Excellent Results
MIXED ACID
Document type: Tech Info & SDS
Categories: Industrial Chemicals

MIXED ACID Technical
 Information
Industrial Grade
 Properties SDS
 #1026

Product Description
MIXED ACID is a blend of strong nitric acid (98%) and oleum (sulfuric acid saturated
with sulfur trioxide) that is designed as a nitrating reagent for industrial nitration Specification
processes. Its most common use is in the manufacture of nitroglycerin and similar
nitrate esters for explosives and propellants. Sulfuric Acid % 49.5 - 51.00

Nitric Acid % 50.00 - 52.00
Application Recommendations
• MIXED ACID is a strong oxidizing agent and reacts violently with oxidizable organic Water % (-2.00) - (-1.00)
 substances to the point that ignition can occur with the higher concentrations of this
 Nitrosyl % .50 Max
 acid. This chemical is used for nitration of organics for the production in plastics,
 surface coatings, dyes, pesticides and explosives.
 D.V.S. 4.30 - 4.40

Iron* (ppm) 50.0 Max
 Vendor may certify conformance to this requirement.

Transportation, Storage and Handling
 Turbidity (NTU)
• MIXED ACID is highly corrosive to human tissue. 100 Max
 Vendor may certify conformance to this requirement.
• ALWAYS wear liquid impervious clothing, gloves and boots.
• ALWAYS protect eyes and face with shield when loading.
• MIXED ACID has a high vapor pressure and begins to vaporize into a white fume at
 warm ambient temperatures. Breathing high concentrations of the fume can cause
 severe respiratory problems.
• NEVER use MIXED ACID as a substitute where mineral acids are typically used.
 Hazardous Shipping Description
 • MIXED ACID solutions are placarded corrosive and are transported
 under a hazard classification 8.
 • The shipment will be marked with international transportation number
 UN 1796 which may be incorporated into the placard.
 • Consult MSDS #1026 for more specific and comprehensive infor-
 mation about chemical hazards.

Product Disclaimer Dyno Nobel Inc. disclaims any warranties with respect to this product, the safety or suitability thereof, or the results to be obtained, whether express or implied, INCLUDING
 WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND/OR OTHER WARRANTY. Buyers and users assume all risk,
 responsibility and liability whatsoever from any and all injuries (including death), losses, or damages to persons or property arising from the use of this product. Under no circumstances shall Dyno Nobel
 Inc. be liable for special, consequential or incidental damages or for anticipated loss of profits.

NC-18-08-18-15

Dyno Nobel Inc.
2795 East Cottonwood Parkway, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, Utah 84121 USA
Phone 800-732-7534 Fax 801-328-6452 Web www.dynonobel.com
NONEL® MS Connector
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

Delay period (ms)

Clip colour

17

Yellow

25

Red

42

White

67

Blue

109

Black

176

Orange

Packaging

Units per case
200

Tube

Standard
Orange
TROJAN® TWINPLEX®
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

TROJAN® TWINPLEX® cast boosters are detonator sensitive, high density, high energy molecular explosives designed with 2 detonator wells and an enlarged through-tunnel to accommodate the use of 2 detonators where required.

SDS

Technical Information
TITAN® XL 1000 Used to Eliminate NOx
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

Products that have shown to reduce NOx generation are typically lower density products than what is often used for cast blasting. The lower density results in less energy and the effective cast benefit is reduced. The goal is to find a product that will shoot clean and evaluate the cost versus cast benefit.

TITAN XL 1000 G Used to Eliminate NOx
Underground blast design
Document type: EEG Guide
Categories: Explosive Engineers Guide, Asia Pacific

Shoulder hole
These refer to those holes immediately below the back perimeter holes.

Burncut
The burncut consists of a group of blast holes arranged in a regular pattern around one or more uncharged relief holes. The first firing blast hole breaks both into the void offered by the uncharged relief holes and towards the free face provided by the tunnel face.

Easer
Hole adjacent to cut area.

Lifters
The blast holes along the bottom of the developed round. Proper performance of the lifters are essential in achieving good floor control.

Perimeter blast holes
Perimeter blast holes are those which form the boundary of the tunnel. Explosive loading densities in these blast holes are generally lower than those in the remainder of the blast, as their prime requirement is to minimise back-breakage and provide a good contour.

Design of cut

The following formulae are used for the geometric design of the cut area:
For multiple reamer holes: ø = d√n ￼
Where: d = diameter of empty reamer holes; n = number of reamer holes

The cut:

1st square: a = 1.5ø   W 1 =a √2

ø mm
=
76
89
102
127
154

a mm
=
110
130
150
190
230

W 1 mm
=
150
180
210
270
320

2nd square: B 1 = W 1    C-C = 1.5W 1     W 2 = 1.5W 1  √2

ø mm
=
76
89
102
127
154

W 1
=
150
180
210
270
320

C-C
=
225
270
310
400
480

W 2 mm
=
320
380
440
560
670

3rd square:  B 2 = W 2    C-C = 1.5W 2     W 3 = 1.5W 2 √2

ø mm
=
76
89
102
127
154

W 2 mm
=
320
380
440
560
670

C-C
=
480
570
660
840
1000

W 3 mm
=
670
800
930
1180
1400

4th square:  B 3 = W 3    C-C = 1.5W 3    W 4 = 1.5W 3  √2

ø mm
=
76
89
102
127

W 3 mm
=
670
800
930
1180

C-C
=
1000
1200
1400
1750

W 3 mm
=
1400
1700
1980
2400

Design of lifter & easer holes

When the cut holes have been calculated, the rest of the development round may be calculated.
The round is divided into:

lifter holes

side holes

back holes

easer holes with breakage upwards and horizontally

easer holes with breakage downwards

To calculate burdens (B) and charges for the different parts of the round the following graph may be used as a basis.