kcherry497/dyno-blast-4b-rag huggingface dataset:
Reducing costs of retrieving low alkali aggregates in NY quarry (Case Study), page 2 of 2

Disclaimer:Thiscasestudyisprovidedforinformationalpurposesonly.NorepresentationorwarrantyismadeorintendedbyDynoNobeloritsaffiliatesastotheapplicabilityofanyprocedures
toanyparticularsituationorcircumstanceorastothecompletenessoraccuracyofanyinformationcontainedherein,and,tothefullextentpermittedbylaw,DynoNobelexpresslydisclaims
any liability arising from the use of this document or the information contained herein. User assumes sole responsibility for all results and consequences.

DynoNobelAsiaPacificPtyLimited(ACN003269010)isasubsidiaryofIncitecPivotLimited(ACN004080264).28FreshwaterPlace,SouthbankVIC3006.

®DYNO,GROUNDBREAKINGPERFORMANCE,NONEL,DigiShot,DynoConsultandtheDCdeviceareregisteredtrademarksoftheDynoNobel/IncitecPivot
Limited Group.

© Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited 2020. Reproduction without permission is strictly prohibited.
NONEL® and PRIMACORD® Product Manual (Guide), page 10 of 87

Major Explosives Innovations
 All Part of the New Dyno Nobel

1831 Safety Fuse is invented by William Bickford, the fore-
 runner of The Ensign-Bickford Company, to replace
 pure black powder-filled cord (mining safety increases
 dramatically).

1865
 Alfred Nobel, the founder of companies that laid the
 foundation of Dyno Nobel, invents the first blasting
 cap.

1867 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite, another major step in
 explosives safety and efficiency.

1936
 A reliable, flexible, easy-to-use textile-jacketed deto-
 nating cord -- Primacord® -- is developed by The
 Ensign-Bickford Company.

1956 Slurry explosives are pioneered by Dr. Melvin Cook
 (IRECO, later Dyno Nobel).

1960s
 Dyno Nobel develops revolutionary inert-until-mixed
 site-mixed (SMS™) pump truck systems for slurry
 explosives, as well as small diameter packaged
 products.

1967 Nonelectric initiation system, NONEL®, invented by Per
 Anders Persson (Nitro Nobel, later Dyno Nobel);
 introduced to market in 1972.

Dyno Nobel commercializes packaged and bulk
 emulsions, another type of water-based explosive.
 1980s
1980s Continuing development of nonelectric initiation sys-
 tems by both The Ensign-Bickford Company and Dyno
 Nobel. Continuing development of sophisticated bulk

1990s delivery systems by Dyno Nobel.

1999
 DynoConsult, a specialist consulting division of Dyno
 Nobel, is formed.

2003 Dyno Nobel continues to lead the explosives indus-
 try by combining Dyno Nobel and The Ensign-Bickford
 Company.

®

1
 ® ®
 Product Application Manual: NONEL & PRIMACORD March 2011
 ™
DYNOMAX™ PRO (SDS), page 7 of 13

SECTION 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Information on Basic Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical State : Solid
Appearance : Powdery to gelatinous solid, light tan to dark brown color
Odor : Faint, waxy odor
Odor Threshold : Not available
pH : Not available
Evaporation Rate : Not available
Melting Point : Not available
Freezing Point : Not available
Boiling Point : Not available
Flash Point : Not available
Auto-ignition Temperature : Not available
Decomposition Temperature : Nitroglycerin: 145°C (293 °F)
Flammability (solid, gas) : Not available
Lower Flammable Limit : Not available
Upper Flammable Limit : Not available
Vapor Pressure : Not available
Relative Vapor Density at 20 °C : Not available
Relative Density : Not available
Density : 0.8 - 1.48 g/cc
Specific Gravity : Not available
Solubility : Water: Ammonium and sodium nitrates are completely soluble; NG
 and EGDN are very slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water : Not available
Viscosity : Not available
Explosive properties : Explosive; mass explosion hazard
Explosion Data – Sensitivity to Mechanical : Sensitive to mechanical impact
Impact
Explosion Data – Sensitivity to Static : Not sensitive to static discharge
Discharge
Shot Pattern Guide (Guide), page 14 of 38

Telephone: (800) 732-7534
 Sequential Time Movement Direction
 www.dynonobel.com 10
DYNO NOBEL INC. and its subsidiaries disclaim any warranties with NOTES
respect to their products and the information presented herein, the
 APPLICATIONS SURFACE DELAYS
safety or suitability thereof, or the results to be obtained, whether
express or implied, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED Quarry, construction or open pit Double surface units
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 25ms and 42ms recommended with this
PURPOSE AND/OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY. Buyers and users timing sequence!
assume all risk, responsibility and liability whatsoever from any and all IN-HOLE DELAYS
injuries (including death), losses, or damages to persons or property LIMITATIONS
arising from the use of their products. Under no circumstances shall
 Must have no more than 5
DYNO NOBEL INC. or any of its subsidiaries be liable for special, 10 holes in length and infinite in depth or 2 rows Same delay period in each hole. Suggested in-hole holes on opening side to
consequential or incidental damages or for anticipated loss of profits. deep and infinite in length delay: 500ms ensure 1 hole per 8ms delay.
Z-BAR® — SDS (SDS), page 2 of 8

3. COMPOSITION/ INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
3.1 Substances / Mixtures
 Ingredient CAS Number EC Number Content
 AMMONIUM NITRATE 6484-52-2 629-213-2 >70%
 ALUMINIUM GRANULES 7429-90-5 640-421-2 1 to 10%
 FUELS, DIESEL (GASOIL - UNSPECIFIED) 68334-30-5 269-822-7 1 to 10%
 PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE (PETN) 78-11-5 201-084-3 Not Available

4. FIRST AID MEASURES
4.1 Description of first aid measures
Eye Exposure is considered unlikely unless casing is damaged. Flush gently with running water. Seek medical
 attention if irritation develops.
Inhalation Due to product form / nature of use, an inhalation hazard is not anticipated.
Skin Exposure is considered unlikely unless casing is damaged. Gently flush affected areas with water. Seek
 medical attention if irritation develops.
Ingestion For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre on 13 11 26 (Australia Wide) or a doctor (at once). Due to
 product form and application, ingestion is considered unlikely.
First aid facilities Eye wash facilities and safety shower should be available.

4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Serious damage may result from explosive fragments.

4.3 Immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
Treat symptomatically.

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
5.1 Extinguishing media
DO NOT attempt to extinguish burning explosives. Evacuate area immediately. Notify trained emergency response personnel.

SDS Date: 13 Mar 2026
 Page 2 of 8
 Revision No: 1.2
DIFFERENTIAL ENERGY® drives efficiencies in Australian conditions (Case Study), page 2 of 2

t the end of every load or the end of than standard pow der factors. every shift. This allow s for pre cise reconciliation of all ZERO NOX EVENTS
products that have been loaded into the blast pattern. Over 5,000tonnes of product w as loaded, including in areas
MULTIPLE SEGMENT LOADING that typically produce fum e such as those w ith high w ater
Multi-segment loading of up to three segm ents were levels or low hole confinem ent. achieved in a single pass through the applications In all cases, there have been no reports of post blast fumes
encountered. (NOx). The higher viscosity of the ΔE product assists in
Any com bination of density segm ents can be m aintaining explosive colum n integrity and efficient
accom m odated, such as low density at the toe and higher detonation. densities nearer the collar region or vice -versa. When
m atched w ith MWD data, the ΔE2 softw are allow ed a Trial Highlights and Future Work
targeted energy placem ent according to each hole
hardness profile for this project. MATCHING ENERGY REQUIREMENT TO GROUND
INCREASED PRODUCT DELIVERY SPEEDS CONDITIONS
Pum p rates of 1000kg/m in w ere achieved w hile delivering Initial utilisation of MWD data w ith the ΔE2 softw are to
explosives into w et, dry and reactive ground conditions .
Trench Blasting Guide (Guide), page 20 of 20

We’d like to

a few myths
 EXPLODE
about the future of
 DYNAMITE
myth: Dynamite will soon be unavailable.
fact: Alfred Nobel invented dynamite over 130 years ago and
Dyno Nobel has been manufacturing it ever since. Both Dyno
Nobel and its afﬁliated companies are committed to supplying
dynamite far into the future.

myth: Dynamite can be easily replaced with other explosives.
fact: Dynamite is superior to any other explosive in difﬁcult
blasting conditions. Its high energy, proven reliability and rug-
gedness dramatically reduce the risk of poor blast results. These
unique performance characteristics will always separate dyna-
mite from other explosives.

myth: Dynamite is too expensive.
fact: In difﬁcult conditions, the consequences of not using
dynamite often include excessive digging time, oversize muck,
undetonated explosives in the muck pile, poor fragmentation,
not pulling to grade and missed holes. All of which can be very
expensive. As we have in the past, Dyno Nobel will continue to
sell dynamite at a fair price.

 Dyno Nobel Inc.
 2650 Decker Lake Boulevard, Suite 300
 Salt Lake City, UT 84119
 800 732 7534

 www.dynonobel.com

 © Dyno Nobel 2003
 REVISED FEBRUARY 2006
Boretrak Used for Appropriate Loading of Shot (EEG Guide), page 1 of 1

Because this shot had multiple angle holes of over 10 degrees it needed to be boretraked. The layout was sent to the tech team and the day before the shot, a 3D profile and boretrak was completed to show the blaster his profiles for each of the front row holes. The boretrak also could detect if any of the holes wandered either left or right and whether they were drilled to the angle indicated on the layout diagram.

Boretrak Used for Appropriate Loading of Shot – Abstract
UREA AUTOMOTIVE GRADE UREA (AGU) (SDS), page 3 of 8

Safety Data Sheet
Reactivity: Hazardous reactions will not occur under normal conditions.

Advice for Firefighters
Precautionary Measures Fire: Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if
there is a fire. Move containers from fire area if this can be done without risk. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed
containers cool. Collect contaminated fire-fighting water separately. It must not enter the sewage system. Exercise
caution when fighting any chemical fire.
Firefighting Instructions: Urea will not burn or support combustion but will decompose into noxious, poisonous gas
when exposed to the high temperatures of a fire. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full
protective clothing.

Protection During Firefighting: Do not enter fire area without proper protective equipment, including respiratory
protection.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Ammonia and Nitrogen Oxides (Nitric Oxide and Nitrogen Dioxide).
Reference to Other Sections: Refer to section 9 for flammability properties.
DigiShot® Plus 4G Electronic Initiation System (Brochure), page 6 of 6

ViewShot 3D®
The ViewShot 3D blast software facilitates the planning, design and simulation of a
blast through a flexible and feature-rich user interface. Efficient blasting practices
is now further enhanced with ViewShot 3D’s ability to optimise blast outcomes with
advanced modelling and simulation features. ViewShot 3D seamlessly integrates
with third party mine planning and reporting software.

Detonator
 Temperature -40°C to +80°C
 -40°F to +176°F
 *Suitable for hot hole applications
 Dynamic Shock Resistance 110 MPa
 Copper Detonator Shell
 Connector Rugged, water-resistant
 Base Charge PETN
 Timing Fully programmable / 1 ms increments / Max delay 20,000 ms
 Accuracy < 1 ms for blast durations of less than 5 seconds

CE4 Blast Commander
 Temperature -30 °C to +60 °C
 -22 °F to +140 °F
 Battery Internal 3.7 V Lithium Polymer
 Battery Life Approximately 8 hours at 25 °C (77 °F)
 Weight and Dimensions 2.1 kg / 4.6 lbs
 Software Upgrade Via a PC and a standard USB cable
 Water and Dust Resistance IP57
 Display 200 x 96 pixels / 45.80 mm x 21.98 mm / 1.803 in x 0.866 in
 External Connectors 4 Sets of terminals to connect 2 wire detonator harnesses
Reduced misfires and costs in the Cadia Hill Open Pit (Case Study), page 1 of 2

METALS CASE STUDY

Reduced Misfires and Costs in Cadia Hill Open Pit
 PROJECT SUMMARY PROJECT GOALS
ENHANCED SAFETY, IMPROVED EFFICIENCIES REDUCE MISFIRES AND IMPROVE MINE TO
AND MILESTONES MILL
When Cadia implemented electronic detonators they Cadia had invested significant resources in optimising
quickly discovered that they had more to offer than just their blasting practices and saw electronic detonators as
precision timing. the next opportunity for improvement.

NONEL cutoffs resulting in misfires, due to ground Their objectives were to:
movement along existing fault lines, and the associated
impact on production, were part of everyday life until 1. Improve safety through the elimination of misfires
electronic detonators were introduced, eliminating these 2. Further optimise their mine-to-mill program
misfires with its global arm and fire commands. 3. Achieve economic savings through the accurate and
 repeatable results afforded by electronic detonators
Absolute control over initiation timing allowed Cadia 4. Control blast movement to minimise the impact of
to expand patterns and reduce powder factors by 17% blasting on production
without impacting mill throughput.
NONEL® & Primacord® Product Manual (Guide), page 40 of 85

Self-to-Self Reliable Downlines
 1. Make the Bunch Block connection
 with the detonating cord downline as
 detailed on page 12.
 2. Snap the J-hooks of the outgoing TD
 unit(s) onto the detonating cord down-
 line between the Bunch Block and the
 collar of the hole.
 3. If you are using more than one
 Figure 51 - Proper use of TD detonator
 downline, place one in the Bunch
 Bunch Block with self-to-self reliable
 Block and tie the other to it at the detonating cord downline(s).
 collar of the hole.
 4. Make sure the J-hook(s) are at least 15 cm (6 in) from the Bunch Block
 and 5 to 7.5 cm (2 to 3 in) from any knots.
 5. Trim any excessive detonating cord tails. Extraneous contact of detonat-
 ing cord and shock tube connections may result in cut-offs.
 6. Once all the blastholes are connected, make a visual inspection of all
 hook-ups for proper connections. After verifying proper hook-up, turn each
 Bunch Block connection upside down and cover with drill cuttings, stem-
 ming, or other similar material to help prevent cut-offs and control noise.

N ever place detonating cord
 products and shock tube in the
 A lways snap the J-hook to the
 detonating cord downline a
 minimum of 15 cm (6 in) from the
 same Bunch Block. Bunch Block, and protect the shock
 tube from sharpnel damage.

®

31
 Product Application Manual: NONEL & PRIMACORD
 ® ®
 March 2011
 ™
BLASTEX® (SDS), page 4 of 9

Safety Data Sheet
and local spill reporting requirements.
Reference to Other Sections
See heading 8, Exposure Controls and Personal Protection. Concerning disposal elimination after cleaning, see section
13.
NONEL® and PRIMACORD® Product Manual (Guide), page 42 of 87

If ANFO cannot be used (due to the presence of water, for example) a non cap-
 sensitive primer or slip-on
 type booster should be
 used.

Conventional nitroglycerin
 or nitro-starch based explo-
 sives MUST NOT be used
 with SMS units. PRIMA-
 LINE detonating cord will
 initiate some cap-sensitive
 explosives, initiating the ex-
 plosive column and bypass-
 ing the delay.

Figure 53 - Blasthole loaded with SMS detonator and ANFO.

®

33
 ® ®
 Product Application Manual: NONEL & PRIMACORD March 2011
 ™
Electronic Detonator technology induces breakthrough in cave propagation (Case Study), page 1 of 2

UNDERGROUND CASE STUDY
Blasting Definitions (EEG Guide), page 5 of 5

Shunt: The shorting together of the free ends of electric detonator legwires or a blasting circuit.

Steady State Velocity: The final velocity of detonation achieved by a specific explosive at a given diameter, density and degree of confinement.

Stemming: Inert material (crushed rock) used to confine the gasses generated during detonation.

Swell Factor: The ratio of the volume of broken rock to the volume of in-situ rock.

Watergel Explosive: A thickened (and optionally crosslinked) aqueous oxidizer solution containing dissolved and/or dispersed fuels, which is sensitized by air voids or sensitizing additives.
50% Blasting Cycle efficiency improvement (Case Study), page 2 of 2

Increased Blast Size Leads to 50%
 Blasting Cycle Efficiency Improvement
 At Cracow
 Technology Applied
USING THE SMARTSHOT SYSTEM
Today, the mine uses the SmartShot™ electronic detonator
system, which enables design and implementation of
advanced blast designs. Detonators cannot fire unless the
system’s coded signal provides the correct instruction and
voltage. Electronic blasts are fired through pre-installed cable. Prior to SmartShot’s introduction in 2007, the mine used the
HotShot system, which is suitable for small to medium blasts “SmartShot’s accuracy allowed us to boost size of firings,
and can fire up to 600 detonators. decrease re-entry and design firing to minimize cut-off risk. The Cracow mine was the first to use HotShot detonators Electronics gave us full flexibility in timing, allowing us to avoid
underground. The mine now uses electronic detonators for all cut-offs in closely spaced ring holes by separating the time by
production stope blasting. Better timing control allows only a few milliseconds, rather than the full 25ms offered by
operations to improve fragmentation and throw and to reduce non-electronic detonators.”
vibration. “Increased blast size led to a 50 per cent improvement in
 blasting cycle efficiency,” Strong said. Value Added Results:
  Reduced exposure to the hazards associated with
GREATER BLAST CONTROL AND BETTER working adjacent to voids.
SmartShot Reduces Misfires and Costs in the Cadia Hill Open Pit (Case Study), page 2 of 2

t
 impacting mill throughput. Value Added
 This resulted in the powder factor being only 10% higher than
GREATER BLASTING CONTROL AND pre 2000 yet still banking the benefits of higher mill throughput. Full programmability coupled with timing increments of 1ms
BETTER EFFICIENCY
 allowed Cadia to also dictate the direction and extent of blast
One of the most notable achievements of SmartShot at Cadia movement enabling them to control the amount of material
is that the global arm and fire commands ensured the thrown onto the lower benches that could restrict pit access. detonators were ‘live’ down the hole eliminating cutoffs and
 And to top it all off, SmartShot allowed the mine to design their
potential misfires from column shift and fly rock. This
 largest shot and also limit excessive vibration. In the blast, 2.2
significantly reduced the risk of finding live primers in the
 million tones were blasted in 13.65 seconds. muckpile. The 2-way communication with detonators allowed the shot- The mine is now capably and confidently applying blasting
crew to test and verify their functionality down the hole techniques using electronic detonators, achieving results which
continuously up to the time of firing. were previously impossible with non-electric detonators. Dyno Nobel’s innovative electronic initiation system also
allowed Cadia to improve its blasting efficiency.
UREA AMMONIUM NITRATE (UAN) 32% (SDS), page 7 of 9

Safety Data Sheet
SECTION 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Sewage Disposal Recommendations: Do not empty into drains. Do not flush into surface water or sewer system.
Waste Disposal Recommendations: Dispose of waste material in accordance with all local, regional, national, and
international regulations.
Additional Information: Dispose through a licensed waste disposal company. Follow federal, state and local regulations.
Contaminated dirt may be spread as a fertilizer.

SECTION 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
In Accordance with DOT Not regulated for transport
In Accordance with IMDG Not regulated for transport
In Accordance with IATA Not regulated for transport
In Accordance with TDG Not regulated for transport
NONEL® & Primacord® Product Manual (Guide), page 60 of 85

If using NONEL Starter
 1. Place the detonating cord pigtail in the
 Bunch Block parallel to the detonator,
 wrap the detonating cord around the
 bottom of the Bunch Block and then
 back in the Bunch Block parallel to
 the detonator and snap the lid firmly
 closed (Figure 78).
 2. Tie the pigtail assembly to the detonat-
 ing cord downline at the intended point
 Figure 78 - NONEL Starter detonator
 of initiation using one of the recom-
 connected to detonating cord.
 mended knot connections. Bury the
 detonator connection to help protect
 against cut-offs. If the detonating cord is wet at the point of initiation, fol-
 low the instructions for Wet Detonating Cord Initiation found below.
NONEL® STARTER 1.4B (Tech Info), page 1 of 2

APPLICATION RECOMMENDATIONS
 • For detailed application recommendations, ALWAYS request a copy of Dyno Nobel’s
 Product Manual: NONEL® and PRIMACORD® from your Dyno Nobel representative.
 • ALWAYS trim excess lengths of detonating cord from bunch block. Detonating cord
 tails lying across outgoing trunkline can interfere with normal function
 • ALWAYS use NONEL Lead Line to splice onto the NONEL Starter unit to make up a
 custom length nonelectric starter assembly whenever the length of NONEL STARTER
 unit is not sufficient to position the blaster safely
 • ALWAYS use the plastic connector sleeves packaged in each NONEL Lead Line case
 to make a reliable splice connection to NONEL STARTER unit
 • ALWAYS hook the NONEL STARTER bunch block to the blast round after all equipment
 and non-essential personnel are clear of the blast area
 • ALWAYS unspool NONEL STARTER unit by hand if the bunch block has been attached
 to the blast round

Hazardous Shipping Description
 • Detonator Assemblies nonelectric, 1.4B, UN 0361 PG II

Product Disclaimer: Please see reverse side.
Recovering revenue through coal loss protection (Case Study), page 1 of 2

Recovering Revenue
 Through Coal Loss Protection
TROJAN® GEOPRIME® (SDS), page 7 of 14

Ingredients with biological limit values:
 118-96-7 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)
 BEI (USA) 1,5 % of hemoglobin
 Medium: blood
 Time: during or end of shift
 Parameter: Methemoglobin (background, nonspecific, semi-quantitative)
Additional Information: The lists valid during the making were used as basis.
8.2 Exposure Controls
Personal Protective Equipment:
General Protective and Hygienic Measures: The usual precautionary measures are to be adhered to when
handling chemicals.
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of work.
Keep ignition sources away - Do not smoke.
Respiratory Protection: Not required under normal conditions of use.
Respiratory protection may be required after product use.
Protection of Hands: Wear gloves for the protection against mechanical hazards according to NIOSH or EN 388.
Material of Gloves: The selection of the suitable gloves does not only depend on the material, but also on further marks
of quality and varies from manufacturer to manufacturer. As the product is a preparation of several substances, the
resistance of the glove material cannot be calculated in advance and has therefore to be checked prior to the application.
Penetration Time of Glove Material: The exact break through time has to be found out by the manufacturer of the
protective gloves and has to be observed.
Eye Protection:
Face protection