Task: Elementary cellular automaton
C++: #include <bitset>
#include <stdio.h>

#define SIZE	           80
#define RULE               30
#define RULE_TEST(x)       (RULE & 1 << (7 & (x)))

void evolve(std::bitset<SIZE> &s) {
    int i;
    std::bitset<SIZE> t(0);
    t[SIZE-1] = RULE_TEST( s[0] << 2 | s[SIZE-1] << 1 | s[SIZE-2] );
    t[     0] = RULE_TEST( s[1] << 2 | s[     0] << 1 | s[SIZE-1] );
    for (i = 1; i < SIZE-1; i++)
	t[i] = RULE_TEST( s[i+1] << 2 | s[i] << 1 | s[i-1] );
    for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) s[i] = t[i];
}
void show(std::bitset<SIZE> s) {
    int i;
    for (i = SIZE; --i; ) printf("%c", s[i] ? '#' : ' ');
    printf("\n");
}
int main() {
    int i;
    std::bitset<SIZE> state(1);
    state <<= SIZE / 2;
    for (i=0; i<10; i++) {
	show(state);
	evolve(state);
    }
    return 0;
}

Java: import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.Timer;

public class WolframCA extends JPanel {
    final int[] ruleSet = {30, 45, 50, 57, 62, 70, 73, 75, 86, 89, 90, 99,
        101, 105, 109, 110, 124, 129, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 164,170, 232};
    byte[][] cells;
    int rule = 0;

    public WolframCA() {
        Dimension dim = new Dimension(900, 450);
        setPreferredSize(dim);
        setBackground(Color.white);
        setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 28));

        cells = new byte[dim.height][dim.width];
        cells[0][dim.width / 2] = 1;

        new Timer(5000, (ActionEvent e) -> {
            rule++;
            if (rule == ruleSet.length)
                rule = 0;
            repaint();
        }).start();
    }

    private byte rules(int lhs, int mid, int rhs) {
        int idx = (lhs << 2 | mid << 1 | rhs);
        return (byte) (ruleSet[rule] >> idx & 1);
    }

    void drawCa(Graphics2D g) {
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        for (int r = 0; r < cells.length - 1; r++) {
            for (int c = 1; c < cells[r].length - 1; c++) {
                byte lhs = cells[r][c - 1];
                byte mid = cells[r][c];
                byte rhs = cells[r][c + 1];
                cells[r + 1][c] = rules(lhs, mid, rhs); 
                if (cells[r][c] == 1) {
                    g.fillRect(c, r, 1, 1);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    void drawLegend(Graphics2D g) {
        String s = String.valueOf(ruleSet[rule]);
        int sw = g.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(s);

        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.fillRect(16, 5, 55, 30);

        g.setColor(Color.darkGray);
        g.drawString(s, 16 + (55 - sw) / 2, 30);
    }

    @Override
    public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) {
        super.paintComponent(gg);
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg;
        g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

        drawCa(g);
        drawLegend(g);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            JFrame f = new JFrame();
            f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            f.setTitle("Wolfram CA");
            f.setResizable(false);
            f.add(new WolframCA(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
            f.pack();
            f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
            f.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}