Task: Kolakoski sequence
C: #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

typedef int bool;

int next_in_cycle(int *c, int len, int index) {
    return c[index % len];
}

void kolakoski(int *c, int *s, int clen, int slen) {
    int i = 0, j, k = 0;
    while (TRUE) {
        s[i] = next_in_cycle(c, clen, k);
        if (s[k] > 1) {
            for (j = 1; j < s[k]; ++j) {
                if (++i == slen) return;
                s[i] = s[i - 1];
            }
        }
        if (++i == slen) return;
        k++;
    }
}

bool possible_kolakoski(int *s, int len) {
    int i, j = 0, prev = s[0], count = 1;
    int *rle = calloc(len, sizeof(int));
    bool result = TRUE;
    for (i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
        if (s[i] == prev) {
            count++;
        }
        else {
            rle[j++] = count;
            count = 1;
            prev = s[i];
        }
    }
    
    for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
        if (rle[i] != s[i]) {
           result = FALSE;
           break;
        }
    }
    free(rle);
    return result;
}

void print_array(int *a, int len) {
    int i;
    printf("[");
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
       printf("%d", a[i]);
       if (i < len - 1) printf(", ");
    }
    printf("]");
}

int main() {
    int i, clen, slen, *s;
    int c0[2] = {1, 2};
    int c1[2] = {2, 1};
    int c2[4] = {1, 3, 1, 2};
    int c3[4] = {1, 3, 2, 1};
    int *cs[4] = {c0, c1, c2, c3};
    bool p;
    int clens[4] = {2, 2, 4, 4};
    int slens[4] = {20, 20, 30, 30};
    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        clen = clens[i];
        slen = slens[i];
        s = calloc(slen, sizeof(int));
        kolakoski(cs[i], s, clen, slen);
        printf("First %d members of the sequence generated by ", slen);
        print_array(cs[i], clen);
        printf(":\n");
        print_array(s, slen);
        printf("\n");
        p = possible_kolakoski(s, slen);
        printf("Possible Kolakoski sequence? %s\n\n", p ? "True" : "False");
        free(s); 
    }
    return 0;
}

VB: Imports System.Runtime.CompilerServices
Imports System.Text

Module Module1

    Class Crutch
        Public ReadOnly len As Integer
        Public s() As Integer
        Public i As Integer

        Public Sub New(len As Integer)
            Me.len = len
            s = New Integer(len - 1) {}
            i = 0
        End Sub

        Public Sub Repeat(count As Integer)
            For j = 1 To count
                i += 1
                If i = len Then
                    Return
                End If
                s(i) = s(i - 1)
            Next
        End Sub
    End Class

    <Extension()>
    Public Function NextInCycle(self As Integer(), index As Integer) As Integer
        Return self(index Mod self.Length)
    End Function

    <Extension()>
    Public Function Kolakoski(self As Integer(), len As Integer) As Integer()
        Dim c As New Crutch(len)

        Dim k = 0
        While c.i < len
            c.s(c.i) = self.NextInCycle(k)
            If c.s(k) > 1 Then
                c.Repeat(c.s(k) - 1)
            End If
            c.i += 1
            If c.i = len Then
                Return c.s
            End If
            k += 1
        End While

        Return c.s
    End Function

    <Extension()>
    Public Function PossibleKolakoski(self As Integer()) As Boolean
        Dim rle(self.Length) As Integer
        Dim prev = self(0)
        Dim count = 1
        Dim pos = 0
        For i = 2 To self.Length
            If self(i - 1) = prev Then
                count += 1
            Else
                rle(pos) = count
                pos += 1

                count = 1
                prev = self(i - 1)
            End If
        Next
        REM no point adding final 
        For i = 1 To pos
            If rle(i - 1) <> self(i - 1) Then
                Return False
            End If
        Next
        Return True
    End Function

    <Extension()>
    Public Function AsString(self As Integer()) As String
        Dim sb As New StringBuilder("[")
        Dim it = self.GetEnumerator()
        If it.MoveNext Then
            sb.Append(it.Current)
        End If
        While it.MoveNext
            sb.Append(", ")
            sb.Append(it.Current)
        End While
        Return sb.Append("]").ToString
    End Function

    Sub Main()
        Dim ias()() As Integer = {New Integer() {1, 2}, New Integer() {2, 1}, New Integer() {1, 3, 1, 2}, New Integer() {1, 3, 2, 1}}
        Dim lens() As Integer = {20, 20, 30, 30}

        For i = 1 To ias.Length
            Dim len = lens(i - 1)
            Dim kol = ias(i - 1).Kolakoski(len)

            Console.WriteLine("First {0} members of the sequence by {1}: ", len, ias(i - 1).AsString)
            Console.WriteLine(kol.AsString)
            Console.WriteLine("Possible Kolakoski sequence? {0}", kol.PossibleKolakoski)
            Console.WriteLine()
        Next
    End Sub

End Module