Task: Pathological floating point problems
C#: #define USE_BIGRATIONAL
#define BANDED_ROWS
#define INCREASED_LIMITS

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
using Numerics;

using static Common;
using static Task1;
using static Task2;
using static Task3;

#if !USE_BIGRATIONAL

struct BigRational
{
    public override string ToString() => "NOT USING BIGRATIONAL";
    public static explicit operator decimal(BigRational value) => -1;
}
#endif

static class Common
{
    public const string FMT_STR = "{0,4}   {1,-15:G9}   {2,-24:G17}   {3,-32}   {4,-32}";
    public static string Headings { get; } =
        string.Format(
            CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
            FMT_STR,
            new[] { "N", "Single", "Double", "Decimal", "BigRational (rounded as Decimal)" });

    [Conditional("BANDED_ROWS")]
    static void SetConsoleFormat(int n)
    {
        if (n % 2 == 0)
        {
            Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Black;
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
        }
        else
        {
            Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Black;
        }
    }

    public static string FormatOutput(int n, (float sn, double db, decimal dm, BigRational br) x)
    {
        SetConsoleFormat(n);
        return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, FMT_STR, n, x.sn, x.db, x.dm, (decimal)x.br);
    }

    static void Main()
    {
        WrongConvergence();

        Console.WriteLine();
        ChaoticBankSociety();

        Console.WriteLine();
        SiegfriedRump();

        SetConsoleFormat(0);
    }
}

Java: import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;

public class FPProblems {
    public static void wrongConvergence() {
        int[] INDEXES = new int[] { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 20, 30, 50, 100 };
        
        
        double[] fpValues = new double[100];
        fpValues[0] = 2.0;
        fpValues[1] = -4.0;
        for (int i = 2; i < fpValues.length; i++) {
            fpValues[i] = 111.0 - 1130.0 / fpValues[i - 1] + 3000.0 / (fpValues[i - 1] * fpValues[i - 2]);
        }
        
        
        BigRational[] brValues = new BigRational[100];
        brValues[0] = BigRational.valueOf(2);
        brValues[1] = BigRational.valueOf(-4);
        for (int i = 2; i < brValues.length; i++) {
            
            BigRational clause2 = BigRational.valueOf(1130).divide(brValues[i - 1]);
            BigRational clause3 = BigRational.valueOf(3000).divide(brValues[i - 1].multiply(brValues[i - 2]));
            brValues[i] = BigRational.valueOf(111).subtract(clause2).add(clause3);
        }
        
        System.out.println("Wrong Convergence Sequence");
        for (int n : INDEXES) {
            BigDecimal value = brValues[n - 1].toBigDecimal(16, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
            System.out.println("  For index " + n + ", FP value is " + fpValues[n - 1] + ", and rounded BigRational value is " + value.toPlainString());
        }
        
        return;
    }
    
    public static void chaoticBankSociety() {
        System.out.println("Chaotic Bank Society");
        double balance = Math.E - 1.0;
        
        
        BigRational e = BigRational.ONE;
        BigRational d = BigRational.ONE;
        for (int i = 1; i < 1000; i++) {
            d = d.multiply(BigRational.valueOf(i));
            e = e.add(d.reciprocal());
        }
        System.out.println("DEBUG: e=" + e.toBigDecimal(100, RoundingMode.HALF_UP).toPlainString());
        
        
        
        
        BigRational brBalance = e.subtract(BigRational.ONE);
        for (int year = 1; year <= 25; year++) {
            balance = (balance * year) - 1.0;
            brBalance = brBalance.multiply(BigRational.valueOf(year)).subtract(BigRational.ONE);
            BigDecimal bdValue = brBalance.toBigDecimal(16, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
            System.out.println("  Year=" + year + ", FP balance=" + balance + ", BigRational balance=" + bdValue.toPlainString());
        }
    }
    
    public static void siegfriedRump() {
        System.out.println("Siegfried Rump formula");
        double fpValue;
        {
            double a = 77617.0;
            double b = 33096.0;
            fpValue = 333.75 * Math.pow(b, 6) + a * a * (11.0 * a * a * b * b - Math.pow(b, 6) - 121.0 * Math.pow(b, 4) - 2.0) + 5.5 * Math.pow(b, 8) + a / (2.0 * b);
        }
        
        BigRational brValue;
        {
            BigRational a = BigRational.valueOf(77617);
            BigRational b = BigRational.valueOf(33096);
            BigRational clause1 = BigRational.valueOf(333.75).multiply(b.pow(6));
            BigRational clause2a = BigRational.valueOf(11).multiply(a).multiply(a).multiply(b).multiply(b);
            BigRational clause2b = b.pow(6).add(BigRational.valueOf(121).multiply(b.pow(4))).add(BigRational.valueOf(2));
            BigRational clause2 = a.multiply(a).multiply(clause2a.subtract(clause2b));
            BigRational clause3 = BigRational.valueOf(5.5).multiply(b.pow(8));
            BigRational clause4 = a.divide(b.multiply(BigRational.valueOf(2)));
            brValue = clause1.add(clause2).add(clause3).add(clause4);
        }
        
        System.out.println("  FP value is " + fpValue);
        System.out.println("  BigRational rounded value is " + brValue.toBigDecimal(64, RoundingMode.HALF_UP).toPlainString());
        System.out.println("  BigRational full value is " + brValue.toString());
    }
    
    public static void main(String... args) {
        wrongConvergence();
        
        System.out.println();
        chaoticBankSociety();

        System.out.println();
        siegfriedRump();
    }
}