Task: Factors of a Mersenne number
Java: import java.math.BigInteger;

class MersenneFactorCheck
{

  private final static BigInteger TWO = BigInteger.valueOf(2);
  
  public static boolean isPrime(long n)
  {
    if (n == 2)
      return true;
    if ((n < 2) || ((n & 1) == 0))
      return false;
    long maxFactor = (long)Math.sqrt((double)n);
    for (long possibleFactor = 3; possibleFactor <= maxFactor; possibleFactor += 2)
      if ((n % possibleFactor) == 0)
        return false;
    return true;
  }
  
  public static BigInteger findFactorMersenneNumber(int primeP)
  {
    if (primeP <= 0)
      throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    BigInteger bigP = BigInteger.valueOf(primeP);
    BigInteger m = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(primeP).subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
    
    BigInteger maxFactor = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft((primeP + 1) >>> 1);
    BigInteger twoP = BigInteger.valueOf(primeP << 1);
    BigInteger possibleFactor = BigInteger.ONE;
    int possibleFactorBits12 = 0;
    int twoPBits12 = primeP & 3;
    
    while ((possibleFactor = possibleFactor.add(twoP)).compareTo(maxFactor) <= 0)
    {
      possibleFactorBits12 = (possibleFactorBits12 + twoPBits12) & 3;
      
      if ((possibleFactorBits12 == 0) || (possibleFactorBits12 == 3))
        if (TWO.modPow(bigP, possibleFactor).equals(BigInteger.ONE))
          return possibleFactor;
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  public static void checkMersenneNumber(int p)
  {
    if (!isPrime(p))
    {
      System.out.println("M" + p + " is not prime");
      return;
    }
    BigInteger factor = findFactorMersenneNumber(p);
    if (factor == null)
      System.out.println("M" + p + " is prime");
    else
      System.out.println("M" + p + " is not prime, has factor " + factor);
    return;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    for (int p = 1; p <= 50; p++)
      checkMersenneNumber(p);
    checkMersenneNumber(929);
    return;
  }
  
}

VB: 
    for i=1 to 59
        z=i
        if z=59 then z=929  
        if isPrime(z) then 
            r=testM(z)
            zz=left("M" & z & space(4),4)
            if r=0 then 
                Wscript.echo zz & " prime."
            else 
                Wscript.echo zz & " not prime, a factor: " & r
            end if
        end if
    next

function modPow(base,n,div)
    dim i,y,z
    i = n : y = 1 : z = base
    do while i
        if i and 1 then y = (y * z) mod div
        z = (z * z) mod div
        i = i \ 2
    loop
    modPow= y
end function

function isPrime(x)
    dim i
    if x=2 or x=3 or _
       x=5 or x=7 _
                  then isPrime=1: exit function
    if x<11       then isPrime=0: exit function
    if x mod 2=0  then isPrime=0: exit function
    if x mod 3=0  then isPrime=0: exit function
    i=5
    do
        if (x mod i)     =0 or _
           (x mod (i+2)) =0 _
                  then isPrime=0: exit function
        if i*i>x  then isPrime=1: exit function
        i=i+6
    loop
end function

function testM(x)
    dim sqroot,k,q
    sqroot=Sqr(2^x)
    k=1
    do
        q=2*k*x+1
        if q>sqroot then exit do
        if (q and 7)=1 or (q and 7)=7 then
            if isPrime(q) then
                if modPow(2,x,q)=1 then 
                    testM=q
                    exit function
                end if
            end if
        end if
        k=k+1
    loop
    testM=0 
end function