Task: Truth table
C: #include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define STACK_SIZE 80
#define BUFFER_SIZE 100

typedef int bool;

typedef struct {
    char name;
    bool val;
} var;

typedef struct {
    int top;
    bool els[STACK_SIZE];
} stack_of_bool;

char expr[BUFFER_SIZE];
int expr_len;
var vars[24];
int vars_len;



bool is_full(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    return sp->top == STACK_SIZE - 1;
}

bool is_empty(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    return sp->top == -1;
}

bool peek(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    if (!is_empty(sp))
        return sp->els[sp->top];
    else {
        printf("Stack is empty.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
}

void push(stack_of_bool *sp, bool val) {
    if (!is_full(sp)) {
        sp->els[++(sp->top)] = val;
    }
    else {
        printf("Stack is full.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
}

bool pop(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    if (!is_empty(sp))
        return sp->els[(sp->top)--];
    else {
        printf("\nStack is empty.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
}

void make_empty(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    sp->top = -1;  
}

int elems_count(stack_of_bool *sp) {
    return (sp->top) + 1;  
}

bool is_operator(const char c) {
   return c == '&' || c == '|' || c == '!' || c == '^';
}

int vars_index(const char c) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < vars_len; ++i) {
       if (vars[i].name == c) return i;
   }
   return -1;
}

bool eval_expr() {
    int i, vi;
    char e;
    stack_of_bool s;
    stack_of_bool *sp = &s;
    make_empty(sp);
    for (i = 0; i < expr_len; ++i) {
        e = expr[i];
        if (e == 'T')
            push(sp, TRUE);
        else if (e == 'F')
            push(sp, FALSE);
        else if((vi = vars_index(e)) >= 0) {
            push(sp, vars[vi].val);
        }
        else switch(e) {
            case '&':
                push(sp, pop(sp) & pop(sp));
                break;
            case '|':
                push(sp, pop(sp) | pop(sp));
                break;
            case '!':
                push(sp, !pop(sp));
                break;
            case '^':
                push(sp, pop(sp) ^ pop(sp));
                break;
            default:
                printf("\nNon-conformant character '%c' in expression.\n", e);
                exit(1);
        }
    }
    if (elems_count(sp) != 1) {
        printf("\nStack should contain exactly one element.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    return peek(sp);
}

void set_vars(int pos) {
    int i;
    if (pos > vars_len) {
        printf("\nArgument to set_vars can't be greater than the number of variables.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    else if (pos == vars_len) {
        for (i = 0; i < vars_len; ++i) {
            printf((vars[i].val) ? "T  " : "F  ");
        }
        printf("%c\n", (eval_expr()) ? 'T' : 'F');
    }
    else {
        vars[pos].val = FALSE;
        set_vars(pos + 1);
        vars[pos].val = TRUE;
        set_vars(pos + 1);
    }
}


void process_expr() {
    int i, count = 0;
    for (i = 0; expr[i]; ++i) {
        if (!isspace(expr[i])) expr[count++] = toupper(expr[i]);
    }
    expr[count] = '\0';
}

int main() {
    int i, h;
    char e;
    printf("Accepts single-character variables (except for 'T' and 'F',\n");
    printf("which specify explicit true or false values), postfix, with\n");
    printf("&|!^ for and, or, not, xor, respectively; optionally\n");
    printf("seperated by whitespace. Just enter nothing to quit.\n");

    while (TRUE) {
        printf("\nBoolean expression: ");
        fgets(expr, BUFFER_SIZE, stdin);
        fflush(stdin);       
        process_expr();
        expr_len = strlen(expr);    
        if (expr_len == 0) break;
        vars_len = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < expr_len; ++i) {
            e = expr[i];
            if (!is_operator(e) && e != 'T' && e != 'F' && vars_index(e) == -1) {
                vars[vars_len].name = e;
                vars[vars_len].val = FALSE;
                vars_len++;
            }
        }
        printf("\n");
        if (vars_len == 0) {
            printf("No variables were entered.\n");
        } 
        else {
            for (i = 0; i < vars_len; ++i)
                printf("%c  ", vars[i].name);
            printf("%s\n", expr);
            h = vars_len * 3 + expr_len;
            for (i = 0; i < h; ++i) printf("=");
            printf("\n");
            set_vars(0);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

C#: using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

public class TruthTable
{
    enum TokenType { Unknown, WhiteSpace, Constant, Operand, Operator, LeftParenthesis, RightParenthesis }

    readonly char trueConstant, falseConstant;
    readonly IDictionary<char, Operator> operators = new Dictionary<char, Operator>();

    public TruthTable(char falseConstant, char trueConstant)
    {
        this.trueConstant = trueConstant;
        this.falseConstant = falseConstant;
        Operators = new OperatorCollection(operators);
    }

    public OperatorCollection Operators { get; }

    public void PrintTruthTable(string expression, bool isPostfix = false)
    {
        try {
            foreach (string line in GetTruthTable(expression, isPostfix)) {
                Console.WriteLine(line);
            }
        } catch (ArgumentException ex) {
            Console.WriteLine(expression + "   " + ex.Message);
        }
    }

    public IEnumerable<string> GetTruthTable(string expression, bool isPostfix = false)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(expression)) throw new ArgumentException("Invalid expression.");
        
        
        var parameters = expression
            .Where(c => TypeOf(c) == TokenType.Operand)
            .Distinct()
            .Reverse()
            .Select((c, i) => (symbol: c, index: i))
            .ToDictionary(p => p.symbol, p => p.index);

        int count = parameters.Count;
        if (count > 32) throw new ArgumentException("Cannot have more than 32 parameters.");
        string header = count == 0 ? expression : string.Join(" ",
            parameters.OrderByDescending(p => p.Value).Select(p => p.Key)) + " " + expression;

        if (!isPostfix) expression = ConvertToPostfix(expression);

        var values = default(BitSet);
        var stack = new Stack<char>(expression.Length);
        for (int loop = 1 << count; loop > 0; loop--) {
            foreach (char token in expression) stack.Push(token);
            bool result = Evaluate(stack, values, parameters);
            if (header != null) {
                if (stack.Count > 0) throw new ArgumentException("Invalid expression.");
                yield return header;
                header = null;
            }
            string line = (count == 0 ? "" : " ") + (result ? trueConstant : falseConstant);
            line = string.Join(" ", Enumerable.Range(0, count)
                .Select(i => values[count - i - 1] ? trueConstant : falseConstant)) + line;
            yield return line;
            values++;
        }
    }

    public string ConvertToPostfix(string infix)
    {
        var stack = new Stack<char>();
        var postfix = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (char c in infix) {
            switch (TypeOf(c)) {
            case TokenType.WhiteSpace:
                continue;
            case TokenType.Constant:
            case TokenType.Operand:
                postfix.Append(c);
                break;
            case TokenType.Operator:
                int precedence = Precedence(c);
                while (stack.Count > 0 && Precedence(stack.Peek()) > precedence) {
                    postfix.Append(stack.Pop());
                }
                stack.Push(c);
                break;
            case TokenType.LeftParenthesis:
                stack.Push(c);
                break;
            case TokenType.RightParenthesis:
                char top = default(char);
                while (stack.Count > 0) {
                    top = stack.Pop();
                    if (top == '(') break;
                    else postfix.Append(top);
                }
                if (top != '(') throw new ArgumentException("No matching left parenthesis.");
                break;
            default:
                throw new ArgumentException("Invalid character: " + c);
            }
        }
        while (stack.Count > 0) {
            char top = stack.Pop();
            if (top == '(') throw new ArgumentException("No matching right parenthesis.");
            postfix.Append(top);
        }
        return postfix.ToString();
    }

    private bool Evaluate(Stack<char> expression, BitSet values, IDictionary<char, int> parameters)
    {
        if (expression.Count == 0) throw new ArgumentException("Invalid expression.");
        char c = expression.Pop();
        TokenType type = TypeOf(c);
        while (type == TokenType.WhiteSpace) type = TypeOf(c = expression.Pop());
        switch (type) {
        case TokenType.Constant:
            return c == trueConstant;
        case TokenType.Operand:
            return values[parameters[c]];
        case TokenType.Operator:
            bool right = Evaluate(expression, values, parameters);
            Operator op = operators[c];
            if (op.Arity == 1) return op.Function(right, right);
            bool left = Evaluate(expression, values, parameters);
            return op.Function(left, right);
        default:
            throw new ArgumentException("Invalid character: " + c);
        }
    }

    private TokenType TypeOf(char c)
    {
        if (char.IsWhiteSpace(c)) return TokenType.WhiteSpace;
        if (c == '(') return TokenType.LeftParenthesis;
        if (c == ')') return TokenType.RightParenthesis;
        if (c == trueConstant || c == falseConstant) return TokenType.Constant;
        if (operators.ContainsKey(c)) return TokenType.Operator;
        if (char.IsLetter(c)) return TokenType.Operand;
        return TokenType.Unknown;
    }

    private int Precedence(char op) => operators.TryGetValue(op, out var o) ? o.Precedence : int.MinValue;
}

struct Operator
{
    public Operator(char symbol, int precedence, Func<bool, bool> function) : this(symbol, precedence, 1, (l, r) => function(r)) { }

    public Operator(char symbol, int precedence, Func<bool, bool, bool> function) : this(symbol, precedence, 2, function) { }

    private Operator(char symbol, int precedence, int arity, Func<bool, bool, bool> function) : this()
    {
        Symbol = symbol;
        Precedence = precedence;
        Arity = arity;
        Function = function;
    }

    public char Symbol { get; }
    public int Precedence { get; }
    public int Arity { get; }
    public Func<bool, bool, bool> Function { get; }
}

public class OperatorCollection : IEnumerable
{
    readonly IDictionary<char, Operator> operators;

    internal OperatorCollection(IDictionary<char, Operator> operators) {
        this.operators = operators;
    }

    public void Add(char symbol, int precedence, Func<bool, bool> function)
        => operators[symbol] = new Operator(symbol, precedence, function);
    public void Add(char symbol, int precedence, Func<bool, bool, bool> function)
        => operators[symbol] = new Operator(symbol, precedence, function);

    public void Remove(char symbol) => operators.Remove(symbol);

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => operators.Values.GetEnumerator();
}

struct BitSet
{
    private int bits;

    private BitSet(int bits) { this.bits = bits; }

    public static BitSet operator ++(BitSet bitSet) => new BitSet(bitSet.bits + 1);

    public bool this[int index] => (bits & (1 << index)) != 0;
}

class Program
{
    public static void Main() {
        TruthTable tt = new TruthTable('F', 'T') {
            Operators = {
                { '!', 6, r => !r },
                { '&', 5, (l, r) => l && r },
                { '^', 4, (l, r) => l ^ r },
                { '|', 3, (l, r) => l || r }
            }
        };
        
        var rng = new Random();
        tt.Operators.Add('?', 6, r => rng.NextDouble() < 0.5);
        string[] expressions = {
            "!!!T",
            "?T",
            "F & x | T",
            "F & (x | T",
            "F & x | T)",
            "a ! (a & a)",
            "a | (a * a)",
            "a ^ T & (b & !c)",
        };
        foreach (string expression in expressions) {
            tt.PrintTruthTable(expression);
            Console.WriteLine();
        }

        
        tt = new TruthTable('0', '1') {
            Operators = {
                { '-', 6, r => !r },
                { '^', 5, (l, r) => l && r },
                { 'v', 3, (l, r) => l || r },
                { '>', 2, (l, r) => !l || r },
                { '=', 1, (l, r) => l == r },
            }
        };
        expressions = new[] {
            "-X v 0 = X ^ 1",
            "(H > M) ^ (S > H) > (S > M)"
        };
        foreach (string expression in expressions) {
            tt.PrintTruthTable(expression);
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }
}