Task: Kolakoski sequence
C: #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

typedef int bool;

int next_in_cycle(int *c, int len, int index) {
    return c[index % len];
}

void kolakoski(int *c, int *s, int clen, int slen) {
    int i = 0, j, k = 0;
    while (TRUE) {
        s[i] = next_in_cycle(c, clen, k);
        if (s[k] > 1) {
            for (j = 1; j < s[k]; ++j) {
                if (++i == slen) return;
                s[i] = s[i - 1];
            }
        }
        if (++i == slen) return;
        k++;
    }
}

bool possible_kolakoski(int *s, int len) {
    int i, j = 0, prev = s[0], count = 1;
    int *rle = calloc(len, sizeof(int));
    bool result = TRUE;
    for (i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
        if (s[i] == prev) {
            count++;
        }
        else {
            rle[j++] = count;
            count = 1;
            prev = s[i];
        }
    }
    
    for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
        if (rle[i] != s[i]) {
           result = FALSE;
           break;
        }
    }
    free(rle);
    return result;
}

void print_array(int *a, int len) {
    int i;
    printf("[");
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
       printf("%d", a[i]);
       if (i < len - 1) printf(", ");
    }
    printf("]");
}

int main() {
    int i, clen, slen, *s;
    int c0[2] = {1, 2};
    int c1[2] = {2, 1};
    int c2[4] = {1, 3, 1, 2};
    int c3[4] = {1, 3, 2, 1};
    int *cs[4] = {c0, c1, c2, c3};
    bool p;
    int clens[4] = {2, 2, 4, 4};
    int slens[4] = {20, 20, 30, 30};
    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        clen = clens[i];
        slen = slens[i];
        s = calloc(slen, sizeof(int));
        kolakoski(cs[i], s, clen, slen);
        printf("First %d members of the sequence generated by ", slen);
        print_array(cs[i], clen);
        printf(":\n");
        print_array(s, slen);
        printf("\n");
        p = possible_kolakoski(s, slen);
        printf("Possible Kolakoski sequence? %s\n\n", p ? "True" : "False");
        free(s); 
    }
    return 0;
}

C#: using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace KolakoskiSequence {
    class Crutch {
        public readonly int len;
        public int[] s;
        public int i;

        public Crutch(int len) {
            this.len = len;
            s = new int[len];
            i = 0;
        }

        public void Repeat(int count) {
            for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
                if (++i == len) return;
                s[i] = s[i - 1];
            }
        }
    }

    static class Extension {
        public static int NextInCycle(this int[] self, int index) {
            return self[index % self.Length];
        }

        public static int[] Kolakoski(this int[] self, int len) {
            Crutch c = new Crutch(len);

            int k = 0;
            while (c.i < len) {
                c.s[c.i] = self.NextInCycle(k);
                if (c.s[k] > 1) {
                    c.Repeat(c.s[k] - 1);
                }
                if (++c.i == len) return c.s;
                k++;
            }
            return c.s;
        }

        public static bool PossibleKolakoski(this int[] self) {
            int[] rle = new int[self.Length];
            int prev = self[0];
            int count = 1;
            int pos = 0;
            for (int i = 1; i < self.Length; i++) {
                if (self[i] == prev) {
                    count++;
                }
                else {
                    rle[pos++] = count;
                    count = 1;
                    prev = self[i];
                }
            }
            
            for (int i = 0; i < pos; i++) {
                if (rle[i] != self[i]) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        public static string AsString(this int[] self) {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("[");
            int count = 0;
            foreach (var item in self) {
                if (count > 0) {
                    sb.Append(", ");
                }
                sb.Append(item);
                count++;
            }
            return sb.Append("]").ToString();
        }
    }

    class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            int[][] ias = {
                new int[]{1, 2},
                new int[]{2, 1},
                new int[]{1, 3, 1, 2},
                new int[]{1, 3, 2, 1}
            };
            int[] lens = { 20, 20, 30, 30 };

            for (int i = 0; i < ias.Length; i++) {
                int len = lens[i];
                int[] kol = ias[i].Kolakoski(len);

                Console.WriteLine("First {0} members of the sequence by {1}: ", len, ias[i].AsString());
                Console.WriteLine(kol.AsString());
                Console.WriteLine("Possible Kolakoski sequence? {0}", kol.PossibleKolakoski());
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
        }
    }
}