Task: Montgomery reduction
C#: using System;
using System.Numerics;

namespace MontgomeryReduction {
    public static class Helper {
        public static int BitLength(this BigInteger v) {
            if (v < 0) {
                v *= -1;
            }

            int result = 0;
            while (v > 0) {
                v >>= 1;
                result++;
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

    struct Montgomery {
        public static readonly int BASE = 2;

        public BigInteger m;
        public BigInteger rrm;
        public int n;

        public Montgomery(BigInteger m) {
            if (m < 0 || m.IsEven) throw new ArgumentException();

            this.m = m;
            n = m.BitLength();
            rrm = (BigInteger.One << (n * 2)) % m;
        }

        public BigInteger Reduce(BigInteger t) {
            var a = t;

            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                if (!a.IsEven) a += m;
                a = a >> 1;
            }
            if (a >= m) a -= m;
            return a;
        }
    }

    class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            var m = BigInteger.Parse("750791094644726559640638407699");
            var x1 = BigInteger.Parse("540019781128412936473322405310");
            var x2 = BigInteger.Parse("515692107665463680305819378593");

            var mont = new Montgomery(m);
            var t1 = x1 * mont.rrm;
            var t2 = x2 * mont.rrm;

            var r1 = mont.Reduce(t1);
            var r2 = mont.Reduce(t2);
            var r = BigInteger.One << mont.n;

            Console.WriteLine("b :  {0}", Montgomery.BASE);
            Console.WriteLine("n :  {0}", mont.n);
            Console.WriteLine("r :  {0}", r);
            Console.WriteLine("m :  {0}", mont.m);
            Console.WriteLine("t1:  {0}", t1);
            Console.WriteLine("t2:  {0}", t2);
            Console.WriteLine("r1:  {0}", r1);
            Console.WriteLine("r2:  {0}", r2);
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Original x1       : {0}", x1);
            Console.WriteLine("Recovered from r1 : {0}", mont.Reduce(r1));
            Console.WriteLine("Original x2       : {0}", x2);
            Console.WriteLine("Recovered from r2 : {0}", mont.Reduce(r2));

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Montgomery computation of x1 ^ x2 mod m :");
            var prod = mont.Reduce(mont.rrm);
            var @base = mont.Reduce(x1 * mont.rrm);
            var exp = x2;
            while (exp.BitLength() > 0) {
                if (!exp.IsEven) prod = mont.Reduce(prod * @base);
                exp >>= 1;
                @base = mont.Reduce(@base * @base);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(mont.Reduce(prod));
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Alternate computation of x1 ^ x2 mod m :");
            Console.WriteLine(BigInteger.ModPow(x1, x2, m));
        }
    }
}

Python: class Montgomery:
    BASE = 2

    def __init__(self, m):
        self.m = m
        self.n = m.bit_length()
        self.rrm = (1 << (self.n * 2)) % m

    def reduce(self, t):
        a = t
        for i in xrange(self.n):
            if (a & 1) == 1:
                a = a + self.m
            a = a >> 1
        if a >= self.m:
            a = a - self.m
        return a


m = 750791094644726559640638407699
x1 = 540019781128412936473322405310
x2 = 515692107665463680305819378593

mont = Montgomery(m)
t1 = x1 * mont.rrm
t2 = x2 * mont.rrm

r1 = mont.reduce(t1)
r2 = mont.reduce(t2)
r = 1 << mont.n

print "b : ", Montgomery.BASE
print "n : ", mont.n
print "r : ", r
print "m : ", mont.m
print "t1: ", t1
print "t2: ", t2
print "r1: ", r1
print "r2: ", r2
print
print "Original x1       :", x1
print "Recovered from r1 :", mont.reduce(r1)
print "Original x2       :", x2
print "Recovered from r2 :", mont.reduce(r2)

print "\nMontgomery computation of x1 ^ x2 mod m:"
prod = mont.reduce(mont.rrm)
base = mont.reduce(x1 * mont.rrm)
exp = x2
while exp.bit_length() > 0:
    if (exp & 1) == 1:
        prod = mont.reduce(prod * base)
    exp = exp >> 1
    base = mont.reduce(base * base)
print mont.reduce(prod)
print "\nAlternate computation of x1 ^ x2 mod m :"
print pow(x1, x2, m)