CREATE TABLE "achievements" (
  "year" real,
  "tournament" text,
  "venue" text,
  "result" text,
  "extra" text
);

Question: What is Venue, when Extra is Pentathlon?
SQL: SELECT "venue" FROM "achievements" WHERE "extra"='pentathlon';

Question: What is the highest Year, when Extra is Pentathlon?
SQL: SELECT MAX("year") FROM "achievements" WHERE "extra"='pentathlon';

Question: What is the sum of Year, when Result is 9th?
SQL: SELECT SUM("year") FROM "achievements" WHERE "result"='9th';

Question: What is Tournament, when Result is 2nd, and when Year is 2009?
SQL: SELECT "tournament" FROM "achievements" WHERE "result"='2nd' AND "year"=2009;

Question: What is Result, when Venue is Götzis , Austria?
SQL: SELECT "result" FROM "achievements" WHERE "venue"='götzis , austria';