Article 1 Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply: 1. ‘plant protection products’: active substances and preparations containing one or more active substances, put up in the form in which they are supplied to the user, intended to: (a) protect plants or plant products against all harmful organisms or prevent the action of such organisms, in so far as such substances or preparations are not otherwise defined below; (b) influence the life processes of plants, other than as a nutrient (e.g. plant growth regulators); (c) preserve plant products, in so far as such substances or products are not subject to special Council or Commission provisions on preservatives; (d) destroy undesirable plants; or (e) destroy parts of plants, check or prevent undesirable growth of plants; 1. ‘plant protection products’: active substances and preparations containing one or more active substances, put up in the form in which they are supplied to the user, intended to: (a) protect plants or plant products against all harmful organisms or prevent the action of such organisms, in so far as such substances or preparations are not otherwise defined below; (b) influence the life processes of plants, other than as a nutrient (e.g. plant growth regulators); (c) preserve plant products, in so far as such substances or products are not subject to special Council or Commission provisions on preservatives; (d) destroy undesirable plants; or (e) destroy parts of plants, check or prevent undesirable growth of plants; 2. ‘substances’: chemical elements and their compounds, as they occur naturally or by manufacture, including any impurity inevitably resulting from the manufacturing process; 3. ‘active substances’: substances or micro-organisms including viruses, having general or specific action: (a) against harmful organisms; or (b) on plants, parts of plants or plant products; 3. ‘active substances’: substances or micro-organisms including viruses, having general or specific action: (a) against harmful organisms; or (b) on plants, parts of plants or plant products; 4. ‘preparations’: mixtures or solutions composed of two or more substances, of which at least one is an active substance, intended for use as plant protection products; 5. ‘plants’: live plants and live parts of plants, including fresh fruit and seeds; 6. ‘plant products’: products in the unprocessed state or having undergone only simple preparation such as milling, drying or pressing, derived from plants, but excluding plants themselves as defined in point 5; 7. ‘harmful organisms’: pests of plants or plant products belonging to the animal or plant kingdom, and also viruses, bacteria and mycoplasmas and other pathogens; 8. ‘product’: the active substance as defined in point 3 or combination of active substances of a plant protection product; 9. ‘basic patent’: a patent which protects a product as defined in point 8 as such, a preparation as defined in point 4, a process to obtain a product or an application of a product, and which is designated by its holder for the purpose of the procedure for grant of a certificate; 10. ‘certificate’: the supplementary protection certificate.
Article 2 Scope
Any product protected by a patent in the territory of a Member State and subject, prior to being placed on the market as a plant protection product, to an administrative authorization procedure as laid down in Article 4 of Directive 91/414/EEC ( 6 ), or pursuant to an equivalent provision of national law if it is a plant protection product in respect of which the application for authorization was lodged before Directive 91/414/EEC was implemented by the Member State concerned, may, under the terms and conditions provided for in this Regulation, be the subject of a certificate.
Article 3 Conditions for obtaining a certificate
1. A certificate shall be granted if, in the Member State in which the application referred to in Article 7 is submitted, at the date of that application: (a) the product is protected by a basic patent in force; (b) a valid authorization to place the product on the market as a plant protection product has been granted in accordance with Article 4 of Directive 91/414/EEC or an equivalent provision of national law; (c) the product has not already been the subject of a certificate; (d) the authorization referred to in (b) is the first authorization to place the product on the market as a plant protection product. 2. The holder of more than one patent for the same product shall not be granted more than one certificate for that product. However, where two or more applications concerning the same product and emanating from two or more holders of different patents are pending, one certificate for this product may be issued to each of these holders.
Article 4 Subject-matter of protection
Within the limits of the protection conferred by the basic patent, the protection conferred by a certificate shall extend only to the product covered by the authorizations to place the corresponding plant protection product on the market and for any use of the product as a plant protection product that has been authorized before the expiry of the certificate.
Article 5 Effects of the certificate
Subject to Article 4, the certificate shall confer the same rights as conferred by the basic patent and shall be subject to the same limitations and the same obligations.
Article 6 Entitlement to the certificate
The certificate shall be granted to the holder of the basic patent or his successor in title.
Article 7 Application for a certificate
1. The application for a certificate shall be lodged within six months of the date on which the authorization referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) to place the product on the market as a plant protection product was granted. 2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, where the authorization to place the product on the market is granted before the basic patent is granted, the application for a certificate shall be lodged within six months of the date on which the patent is granted.
Article 8 Content of the application for a certificate
1. The application for a certificate shall contain: (a) a request for the grant of a certificate, stating in particular: (i) the name and address of the applicant; (ii) the name and address of the representative, if any; (iii) the number of the basic patent and the title of the invention; (iv) the number and date of the first authorization to place the product on the market, as referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) and, if this authorization is not the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community, the number and date of that authorization; (a) a request for the grant of a certificate, stating in particular: (i) the name and address of the applicant; (ii) the name and address of the representative, if any; (iii) the number of the basic patent and the title of the invention; (iv) the number and date of the first authorization to place the product on the market, as referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) and, if this authorization is not the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community, the number and date of that authorization; (b) a copy of the authorization to place the product on the market, as referred to in Article 3 (1) (b), in which the product is identified, containing in particular the number and date of the authorization and the summary of the product characteristics listed in Part A.I (points 1-7) or B.I (points 1-7) of Annex II to Directive 91/414/EEC or in equivalent national laws of the Member State in which the application was lodged; (c) if the authorization referred to in (b) is not the first authorization to place the product on the market as a plant protection product in the Community, information regarding the identity of the product thus authorized and the legal provision under which the authorization procedure took place, together with a copy of the notice publishing the authorization in the appropriate official publication or, failing such a notice, any other document proving that the authorization has been issued, the date on which it was issued and the identity of the product authorized. 2. Member States may require a fee to be payable upon application for a certificate.
Article 9 Lodging of an application for a certificate
1. The application for a certificate shall be lodged with the competent industrial property office of the Member State which granted the basic patent or on whose behalf it was granted and in which the authorization referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) to place the product on the market was obtained, unless the member State designates another authority for the purpose. 2. Notification of the application for a certificate shall be published by the authority referred to in paragraph 1. The notification shall contain at least the following information: (a) the name and address of the applicant; (b) the number of the basic patent; (c) the title of the invention; (d) the number and date of the authorization to place the product on the market, referred to in Article 3 (1) (b), and the product identified in that authorization; (e) where relevant, the number and date of the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community.
Article 10 Grant of the certificate or rejection of the application
1. Where the application for a certificate and the product to which it relates meet the conditions laid down in this Regulation, the authority referred to in Article 9 (1) shall grant the certificate. 2. The authority referred to in Article 9 (1) shall, subject to paragraph 3, reject the application for a certificate if the application or the product to which it relates does not meet the conditions laid down in this Regulation. 3. Where the application for a certificate does not meet the conditions laid down in Article 8, the authority referred to in Article 9 (1) shall ask the applicant to rectify the irregularity, or to settle the fee, within a stated time. 4. If the irregularity is not rectified or the fee is not settled under paragraph 3 within the stated time, the application shall be rejected. 5. Member States may provide that the authority referred to in Article 9 (1) is to grant certificates without verifying that the conditions laid down in Article 3 (1) (c) and (d) are met.
Article 11 Publication
1. Notification of the fact that a certificate has been granted shall be published by the authority referred to in Article 9 (1). The notification shall contain at least the following information: (a) the name and address of the holder of the certificate; (b) the number of the basic patent; (c) the title of the invention; (d) the number and date of the authorization to place the product on the market referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) and the product identified in that authorization; (e) where relevant, the number and date of the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community; (f) the duration of the certificate. 2. Notification of the fact that the application for a certificate has been rejected shall be published by the authority referred to in Article 9 (1). The notification shall contain at least the information listed in Article 9 (2).
Article 12 Annual fees
Member States may require the certificate to be subject to the payment of annual fees.
Article 13 Duration of the certificate
1. The certificate shall take effect at the end of the lawful term of the basic patent for a period equal to the period which elapsed between the date on which the application for a basic patent was lodged and the date of the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community, reduced by a period of five years. 2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the duration of the certificate may not exceed five years from the date on which it takes effect. 3. For the purposes of calculating the duration of the certificate, account shall be taken of a provisional first marketing authorization only if it is directly followed by a definitive authorization concerning the same product.
Article 14 Expiry of the certificate
The certificate shall lapse: (a) at the end of the period provided for in Article 13; (b) if the certificate-holder surrenders it; (c) if the annual fee laid down in accordance with Article 12 is not paid in time; (d) if and as long as the product covered by the certificate may no longer be placed on the market following the withdrawal of the appropriate authorization or authorizations to place it on the market in accordance with Article 4 of Directive 91/414/EEC or equivalent provisions of national law. The authority referred to in Article 9 (1) may decide on the lapse of the certificate either on its own initiative or at the request of a third party.
Article 15 Invalidity of the certificate
1. The certificate shall be invalid if: (a) it was granted contrary to the provisions of Article 3; (b) the basic patent has lapsed before its lawful term expires; (c) the basic patent is revoked or limited to the extent that the product for which the certificate was granted would no longer be protected by the claims of the basic patent or, after the basic patent has expired, grounds for revocation exist which would have justified such revocation or limitation. 2. Any person may submit an application or bring an action for a declaration of invalidity of the certificate before the body responsible under national law for the revocation of the corresponding basic patent.
Article 16 Notification of lapse or invalidity
If the certificate lapses in accordance with Article 14 (b), (c) or (d) or is invalid in accordance with Article 15, notification thereof shall be published by the authority referred to in Article 9 (1).
Article 17 Appeals
1. The decisions of the authority referred to in Article 9 (1) or of the body referred to in Article 15 (2) taken under this Regulation shall be open to the same appeals as those provided for in national law against similar decisions taken in respect of national patents. 2. The decision to grant the certificate shall be open to an appeal aimed at rectifying the duration of the certificate where the date of the first authorization to place the product on the market in the Community, contained in the application for a certificate as provided for in Article 8, is incorrect.
Article 18 Procedure
1. In the absence of procedural provisions in this Regulation, the procedural provisions applicable under national law to the corresponding basic patent and, where appropriate, the procedural provisions applicable to the certificates referred to in Regulation (EEC) No 1768/92, shall apply to the certificate, unless national law lays down special procedural provisions for certificates as referred to in this Regulation. 2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the procedure for opposition to the granting of a certificate shall be excluded. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
Article 19 
1. Any product which, on the date on which this Regulation enters into force, is protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorization to place it on the market as a plant protection product in the Community was obtained after 1 January 1985 under Article 4 of Directive 91/414/EEC or an equivalent national provision may be granted a certificate. 2. An application made under paragraph 1 for a certificate shall be submitted within six months of the date on which this Regulation enters into force.
Article 19a Provisions relating to the enlargement of the Community
Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Regulation, the following shall apply: (a) (i) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent in the Czech Republic and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in the Czech Republic after 10 November 1999 may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained, (ii) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent in the Czech Republic and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in the Community not earlier than six months prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained; (i) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent in the Czech Republic and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in the Czech Republic after 10 November 1999 may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained, (ii) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent in the Czech Republic and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in the Community not earlier than six months prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained; (b) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Estonia prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained or, in the case of those patents granted prior to 1 January 2000, within the six month period provided for in the Patents Act of October 1999; (c) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Cyprus prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained; notwithstanding the above, where the market authorisation was obtained before the grant of the basic patent, the application for a certificate must be lodged within six months of the date on which the patent was granted; (d) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Latvia prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate. In cases where the period provided for in Article 7(1) has expired, the possibility of applying for a certificate shall be open for a period of six months starting no later than the date of accession; (e) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent applied for after 1 February 1994 and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Lithuania prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate is lodged within six months of the date of accession; (f) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained after 1 January 2000 may be granted a certificate in Hungary, provided that the application for a certificate is lodged within six months of the date of accession; (g) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Malta prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate. In cases where the period provided for in Article 7(1) has expired, the possibility of applying for a certificate shall be open for a period of six months starting no later than the date of accession; (h) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained after 1 January 2000 may be granted a certificate in Poland, provided that the application for a certificate is lodged within six months starting no later than the date of accession; (i) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Slovenia prior to the date of accession may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate is lodged within six months of the date of accession, including in cases where the period provided for in Article 7(1) has expired; (j) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained in Slovakia after 1 January 2000 may be granted a certificate, provided that the application for a certificate was lodged within six months of the date on which the first market authorisation was obtained or within six months of 1 July 2002 if the market authorisation was obtained before that date; (k) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained after 1 January 2000 may be granted a certificate in Bulgaria, provided that the application for a certificate is lodged within six months of the date of accession; (l) any plant protection product protected by a valid basic patent and for which the first authorisation to place it on the market as a plant protection product was obtained after 1 January 2000 may be granted a certificate in Romania. In cases where the period provided for in Article 7(1) has expired, the possibility of applying for a certificate shall be open for a period of six months starting no later than the date of accession.
Article 20 
1. those Member States whose national law did not, on 1 January 1990, provide for the patentability of plant protection products, this Regulation shall apply from 2 January 1998. Article 19 shall not apply in those Member States. 2. This Regulation shall apply to supplementary protection certificates granted in accordance with the national legislation of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Slovakia prior to their respective date of accession. FINAL PROVISION
Article 21 Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force six months after its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities . This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.