Article 1 Subject matter
This Regulation lays down rules for data collection by competent authorities and providers of online short-term rental platforms and data sharing from online short-term rental platforms to competent authorities relating to the provision of short-term accommodation rental services offered by hosts through online short-term rental platforms.
Article 2 Scope
1. This Regulation applies to providers of online short-term rental platforms that offer services to hosts providing short-term accommodation rental services in the Union, irrespective of their place of establishment, and to hosts providing short-term accommodation rental services. 2. This Regulation is without prejudice to: (a) national, regional or local rules regulating access to, or the provision of, short-term accommodation rental services by hosts, in compliance with Union law, unless otherwise specifically provided for under this Regulation; (b) national, regional or local rules regulating the development or use of land, town and country planning, building standards, housing and tenancies; (c) Union or national law regulating the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties; (d) Union or national law regulating the administration, collection, enforcement and recovery of taxes, customs and other duties; (e) Union or national law regulating the development, production and dissemination of European statistics or national official statistics. 3. In addition, this Regulation is without prejudice to the rules laid down by other Union legal acts regulating other aspects of the provision of services by online short-term rental platforms and the provision of short-term accommodation rental services, in particular: (a) Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 16 ) ; (b) Regulation (EU) 2022/2065; (c) Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 17 ) ; (d) Directive 2000/31/EC; (e) Directive 2006/123/EC; (f) Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 18 ) ; (g) Council Directive 2010/24/EU ( 19 ) ; and (h) Council Directive 2011/16/EU ( 20 ) .
Article 3 Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply: (1) ‘unit’ means a furnished accommodation located in the Union that is the subject of the provision of a short-term accommodation rental service; it does not include the following: (a) hotels and similar accommodation, including resort hotels, suite or apartment hotels and motels as described in NACE Rev. 2, group 55.1 (‘hotels and similar accommodation’) and hostels as described in NACE Rev. 2, group 55.2 (‘holiday and other short-stay accommodation’) of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 21 ) ; (b) the provision of accommodation in camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks, as described in NACE Rev. 2, group 55.3, of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006. (2) ‘host’ means a natural or legal person that provides, or intends to provide, on a professional or non-professional basis, on a regular or on a temporary basis, a short-term accommodation rental service provided for remuneration, through an online short-term rental platform; (3) ‘guest’ means a natural person who is hosted in a unit; (4) ‘short-term accommodation rental service’ means the short-term letting of a unit, provided for remuneration, whether on a professional or non-professional basis, on a regular or on a temporary basis, as further defined by national law; (5) ‘online short-term rental platform’ means an online platform within the meaning of Article 3, point (i), of Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, that allows guests to conclude distance contracts with hosts for the provision of short-term accommodation rental services; (6) ‘small or micro online short-term rental platform’ means an online short-term rental platform which qualifies as a small or micro enterprise within the meaning of Recommendation 2003/361/EC; (7) ‘registration number’ means a unique identifier issued by the competent authority which identifies a unit in that Member State; (8) ‘registration procedure’ means any procedure by which hosts must provide specific information and documentation to the competent authorities in order to obtain a registration number enabling them to offer short-term accommodation rental services through online short-term rental platforms; (9) ‘authorisation scheme’ means an ‘authorisation scheme’ as defined in Article 4, point 6, of Directive 2006/123/EC; (10) ‘listing’ means the reference to a unit offered for short-term accommodation rental services and published on an online short-term rental platform’s website; (11) ‘competent authority’ means a national, regional or local authority of a Member State that is competent to manage or enforce registration procedures, or to collect data on short-term accommodation rental services, or is responsible for ensuring compliance with the applicable rules of the Member States concerning access to, and the provision of, short-term accommodation rental services; (12) ‘activity data’ means the number of nights for which a unit is rented and the number of guests to whom the unit is rented per night along with the country of residence of each guest, in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 692/2011; (13) ‘municipality’ means a ‘local administrative unit (LAU)’ within the meaning of Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 22 ) .
Article 4 Registration procedures
1. Any registration procedure established by a Member State, at national, regional or local level, for units located in its territory, shall comply with the provisions of this Chapter. 2. A Member State that imposes a requirement on online short-term rental platforms to transmit data to competent authorities in accordance with this Regulation shall establish or maintain a registration procedure for units located in areas of its territory where such data transmission requirement applies. 3. Member States shall ensure that: (a) registration procedures operate on the basis of declarations made by hosts; (b) registration procedures are provided online, and free of charge, where possible, or at a reasonable and proportionate cost, and allow for the automatic and immediate issue of a registration number, that shall not include personal data, for a specific unit upon the submission by the host of the information referred to in Article 5(1) and, where appropriate, any supporting documentation required pursuant to Article 5(2); (c) registration procedures are subject to effective appeal mechanisms within the Member State; (d) a unit is not subject to more than one registration procedure; (e) technical means are in place to enable a host to update information and documentation; (f) technical means are in place to assess the validity of registration numbers; (g) technical means are in place to enable a host to remove a unit from the registry referred to in paragraph 5; and (h) hosts are required, when offering their short-term accommodation rental services via an online short-term rental platform, to declare to the online short-term rental platform whether the unit offered is subject to a registration procedure and, if it is, to provide the registration number. 4. Member States shall ensure that hosts are able to request that the information or documentation provided pursuant to Article 5(1) and (2) be reused for the purposes of subsequent registrations. 5. Member States shall ensure that registration numbers are included in a public and easily accessible registry. The competent authority issuing the registration number shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining the registry, in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/679. 6. Member States shall ensure that hosts are able to submit all documents required as part of the registration process in a digital format.
Article 5 Information to be provided by hosts
1. When registering pursuant to a registration procedure referred to in Article 4, a host shall submit a declaration containing the following information: (a) for each unit: (i) the specific address of the unit including, where applicable, its number, letterbox number, if different, the floor that the unit is on, the land registry reference or any other type of information that enables it to be precisely identified; (ii) the type of unit; (iii) whether the unit is offered as a part or whole of the host’s primary or secondary residence, or for other purposes; (iv) the maximum number of available bed places and of guests that the unit accommodates; (v) where applicable, whether the unit is subject to an authorisation scheme under which the host is required to obtain authorisation to offer short-term rental accommodation services from the relevant competent authority, and if so, whether the host has obtained such authorisation; (b) where a host is a natural person, that person’s: (i) name; (ii) national identification number or other information allowing the identification of the person; (iii) address; (iv) contact telephone number; (v) electronic mail address for the competent authority to use for written communication; (c) where a host is a legal person: (i) its name; (ii) the national business registration number; (iii) the name of a legal representative; (iv) its registered address; (v) the contact telephone number of at least one representative of that legal person; (vi) an electronic mail address that the competent authority can use for written communication. 2. Member States may require that the information submitted pursuant to paragraph 1 is accompanied by appropriate supporting documentation. With regard to the information referred to in paragraph 1, point (a)(v), where the host declares that the unit is subject to authorisation, or where the other information referred to in paragraph 1 allows an automatic determination that an authorisation requirement applies, Member States may request a copy of, or a clear reference to, the authorisation. 3. Where a Member State requires hosts to submit further information and documentation, including information and documentation about compliance with the rules referred to in Article 2(2), point (a), the submission of that information and documentation is without prejudice to the issuance of the registration number, in accordance with Article 4(3), point (b). Where appropriate, Member States may also enable hosts to declare additional services that are ancillary to the short-term accommodation rental services. 4. Without prejudice to Article 6, where there is a material change in the situation substantiated by the information and documentation provided pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2, hosts shall update that information and documentation and Member States shall ensure that such update is done via the functionality referred to in Article 4(3), point (e). 5. Member States shall ensure that the information or documentation submitted pursuant to a registration procedure referred to in Article 4 is retained in a secure manner and only for a period which is necessary for the identification of the unit and for a maximum of 18 months after the host has indicated, via the functionality referred to in Article 4(3), point (g), that the unit should be removed from the registry. Member States shall ensure that the information and documentation provided by the host pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2 is only processed for the purpose of issuing the registration number and ensuring compliance with the applicable rules of the Member State concerning access to, and the provision of, short-term accommodation rental services. 6. Hosts shall be responsible for the accuracy of the information that they provide to the competent authorities pursuant to this Article, and of the information that they provide to online short-term rental platforms pursuant to Article 7 of this Regulation.
Article 6 Verification by competent authorities
1. Competent authorities may, at any time after the registration number has been issued, verify the declaration and any supporting documentation submitted by a host pursuant to Article 5(1) and (2). 2. Where a competent authority, after verification pursuant to paragraph 1, finds that the information or documentation submitted pursuant to Article 5(1) and (2) is incomplete or incorrect, the competent authority shall have the power to ask the host to rectify the information and documentation provided via the functionality referred to in Article 4(3), point (e), within a reasonable period to be specified by the competent authority. 3. Where a host fails to rectify the requested information or documentation pursuant to paragraph 2, the competent authority shall have the power to suspend the validity of the affected registration number or numbers and to issue an order requesting online short-term rental platforms to remove, or to disable access to, any listing relating to the unit or units in question without undue delay. 4. Where a competent authority, after verification pursuant to paragraph 1, finds that there are manifest and serious doubts as regards the authenticity and validity of the information or documentation submitted pursuant to Article 5(1) and (2), it shall have the power to suspend the validity of the affected registration number or numbers and to issue an order requesting online short-term rental platforms to provide further information to enable the competent authorities to verify the authenticity and validity of the affected registration number or numbers, or to remove, or to disable access to, any listing relating to the unit or units in question without undue delay. 5. Where a competent authority intends to suspend the validity of a registration number or numbers pursuant to paragraphs 3 or 4, or withdraw the number or numbers pursuant to paragraph 6, it shall notify the host in writing stating the reasons for that intention. The host shall be given the opportunity to be heard and, where appropriate, to rectify the information or documentation in question within a reasonable period to be specified by the competent authority. Where, after hearing the host, the competent authority confirms its intention to suspend, or withdraw, the validity of a registration number or numbers, it shall notify the host in writing of the decision to suspend the validity of a registration number or numbers, accompanied by a copy of the order referred to in paragraphs 3 or 4, or of the decision to withdraw the registration number or numbers, accompanied by a copy of the order in accordance with paragraph 6. 6. Without prejudice to paragraph 5, where the host has failed, through wilful misconduct or gross negligence, to rectify the information requested in accordance with paragraph 3, or has provided unauthentic or invalid information in accordance with paragraph 4, the competent authorities shall have the power to withdraw the registration number or numbers and issue an order requesting online short-term rental platforms to remove, or to disable access to, any listing relating to the unit or units in question without undue delay. 7. Orders issued pursuant to paragraphs 3, 4, 6 and 11 shall contain at least the following information: (a) a statement of reasons; (b) clear information enabling the provider of the online short-term rental platform to identify and locate the listing or listings concerned, such as one or more exact URLs and the identity of the competent authority; (c) where available, the identity of the host and the registration number of the unit offered for short-term accommodation rental services, or, where applicable, any other information that may help identify the host and the unit. 8. The validity of a registration number shall remain suspended until the host has rectified the relevant information and documentation with the competent authorities. Upon reception, via the functionality referred to in Article 4(3), point (e), and verification of the accuracy, completeness and correctness of the information and documentation provided by the host, the competent authorities shall reinstate the registration number. 9. The competent authority shall inform the hosts about the mechanisms for redress available in relation to the steps taken pursuant to paragraphs 2 to 6 and 8. 10. Where a Member State requires hosts to submit further information and documentation as referred to in Article 5(3), and where the competent authority finds that there are serious doubts regarding the compliance with national, regional or local rules referred to in Article 2(2), point (a), it may apply the provisions of this Article to such information or documentation provided that the requirement in question is non-discriminatory and proportionate, and complies with Union law. 11. Where a registration procedure applies, Member States shall ensure that national law enables the competent authorities to order providers of online short-term rental platforms to provide the requested information and to remove listings concerning units offered without a registration number or with an invalid registration number, or in cases involving the misuse of a registration number.
Article 7 Compliance by design
1. Online short-term rental platforms shall: (a) design and organise their online interface in a way that requires hosts to self-declare whether the unit offered for short-term accommodation rental services is located in an area where a registration procedure has been established or applies; (b) design and organise their online interface in a way that, when hosts declare that a unit offered for short-term accommodation rental services is located in an area where a registration procedure has been established or applies, users are able to identify the unit through a registration number; and ensure that hosts have provided a registration number prior to allowing the offering of the short-term accommodation rental services in respect of that unit, and that hosts display that registration number clearly as part of their listing; (c) make reasonable efforts to randomly check on a regular basis, declarations of the hosts concerning the existence or not of a registration procedure, taking into account the list made available pursuant to Article 13(1), point (a), and, where such a procedure exists, the validity of the registration number provided by the host, through the use of the functionalities offered by the single digital entry points referred to in Article 10(2), point (b), after allowing the offering of the short-term accommodation rental services by the host. 2. Online short-term rental platforms shall inform, without undue delay, the competent authorities and the hosts of the results of the random checks referred to in paragraph 1, point (c), concerning incorrect declarations of hosts, the misuse of a registration number, or invalid registration numbers. 3. Online short-term rental platforms shall inform hosts adequately of the applicability in a given area of registration procedures, taking into consideration the lists referred to in Article 13, and the information referred to in the second column, row ‘N. Services’, point 4, of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/1724, to be made available by Member States.
Article 8 Other obligations for online short-term rental platforms
Online short-term rental platforms shall, upon receiving the information referred to in Article 7(1), point (a), and prior to allowing the host concerned to use its services, make best efforts using the lists made available pursuant to Article 13(1), point (a), to assess whether the self-declaration referred to in Article 7(1), point (a), for the accuracy of which hosts are solely responsible for the purposes of this Regulation, is complete, provided that the assessment can be carried out in a proportionate manner by automated tools as provided for in Article 10. The application of this Article shall not give rise to any general monitoring obligation.
Article 9 Obligation for online short-term rental platforms to transmit activity data and registration numbers
1. When a listing concerns a unit located in an area included in the list referred to in Article 13(1), point (b), providers of online short-term rental platforms shall collect and, on a monthly basis, transmit to the single digital entry point of the Member State where the unit is located, activity data per unit, together with the corresponding registration number as provided by the host, the specific address of the unit and the URL of the listing. That transmission shall take place by machine-to-machine communication means. 2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, small or micro online short-term rental platforms that did not, in the previous quarter, reach a monthly average of 4 250 or more listings shall transmit the activity data per unit, together with the corresponding registration number, the specific address of the unit and the URL of the listing, at the end of the quarter, by machine-to-machine communication means or manually in accordance with national law, to the single digital entry point of the Member State where the unit is located. 3. Online short-term rental platforms shall, based on the information provided by the hosts, ensure that the datasets they transmit to the competent authorities pursuant to this Article are complete and accurate.
Article 10 Establishment and functionalities of single digital entry points
1. Where a Member State has established one or more registration procedures pursuant to Article 4(1), that Member State shall establish a single digital entry point for the receipt and forwarding of activity data, the relevant registration number, the specific address of the unit and the URLs of the listings provided by online short-term rental platforms pursuant to Article 9. That Member State shall designate the authority which is to be responsible for the operation of the single digital entry point. 2. The single digital entry point referred to in paragraph 1 shall: (a) provide a technical interface for online short-term rental platforms enabling the machine-to-machine and manual transmission of activity data, the relevant registration number and the URLs of the listings, which, in order to ensure interoperability, is to be implemented using an application programming interface that is based on technical requirements defined by the Commission; (b) facilitate random checks by online short-term rental platforms pursuant to Article 7(1), point (c); (c) provide a technical interface for the competent authorities referred to in Article 12 to receive activity data, the relevant registration number, the specific address of the unit and the URLs of the listings, transmitted by online short-term rental platforms, only for the purposes listed in Article 12(2) for units in their territory; (d) facilitate the sharing of the information referred to in Article 13. 3. Member States shall ensure that the single digital entry point referred to in paragraph 1 provides for: (a) interoperability with the registries referred to in Article 4(5); (b) a freely accessible and machine-readable online database or online interface for the checks referred to in Article 7(1), point (c), and for the assessment referred to in Article 8; (c) the possibility to reuse the information or documentation to be provided by hosts pursuant to Article 5, if the same information or documentation is requested by multiple registries referred to in Article 4(5) within the same Member State; (d) confidentiality, integrity and security of the processing of the activity data, registration numbers, the specific addresses of the units, and the URLs of the listings transmitted by online short-term rental platforms in accordance with Article 9. 4. The single digital entry point referred to in paragraph 1 shall ensure the automatic, intermediate and transient processing of personal data that is strictly necessary for the purpose of giving access to the authorities referred to in Article 12 to activity data, registration numbers, the specific addresses of the units and the URLs of the listings provided by online short-term rental platforms. 5. The Commission may adopt implementing acts laying down common technical specifications and procedures to ensure interoperability of solutions for the functioning of the single digital entry points and the seamless exchange of data, including common specifications to establish a standardised structure of registration numbers Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 16(2).
Article 11 Coordination of single digital entry points
1. Each Member State shall appoint a national coordinator. Those national coordinators shall act as contact points for their respective administrations for all matters relating to the single digital entry point. The national coordinator for each Member State shall be responsible for contacts with the Commission in respect of all matters relating to the single digital entry point. Each Member State shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of the name and contact details of its national coordinator. The Commission shall keep and maintain a list of the national coordinators and their contact details. 2. The single digital entry points coordination group (‘the coordination group’) is hereby established. The coordination group shall be composed of the national coordinator from each Member State and shall be chaired by the Commission. The coordination group shall adopt its rules of procedure. The Commission shall support the functioning of the coordination group. The coordination group may, where appropriate, consult relevant stakeholders with regard to specific points, including the harmonised format of data sharing. 3. The coordination group shall support the implementation of the provisions of this Regulation concerning the single digital entry points. In particular, the coordination group shall perform the following tasks: (a) facilitate the exchange of best practices on matters related to coordinating implementation at national level, in particular as regards the provisions set out in Article 10; (b) assist the Commission in promoting the use of interoperability solutions for the functioning of the single digital entry points, the exchange of data, and automated checks, including checks of all listings and registration numbers; (c) assist the Commission in developing a common approach to the message format for the transmission of activity data and registration numbers and, if appropriate, a common structure of the registration numbers.
Article 12 Access to data
1. Member States shall establish a list of the competent authorities responsible for areas where a registration procedure applies pursuant to Article 4. 2. Access to the information transmitted pursuant to Article 9 shall be granted to the competent authority only where the intended purpose of the processing is one of the following: (a) monitoring compliance with the registration procedures referred to in Article 4; (b) implementing, and ensuring compliance with, rules governing access to, and the provision of, short-term accommodation rental services in accordance with Union law. 3. The competent authorities listed pursuant to paragraph 1 shall retain activity data in a secure manner as long as necessary for the purposes referred to in paragraph 2 and no longer than 18 months after their receipt. Those competent authorities may, in accordance with the laws of the Member State concerned, share activity data without any data that can identify individual units or hosts, including registration numbers and URLs of the listings and the relevant information transmitted pursuant to Article 5(1)(a), points (i) to (iv), in particular with the following: (a) authorities tasked with developing laws, regulations or administrative provisions concerning access to, and the provision of, short-term accommodation rental services; (b) entities or persons carrying out scientific research, analytical activities or developing new business models, where this is necessary for the purposes of those activities. This notwithstanding, those competent authorities may share with the authorities referred to in point (a) the information contained in Article 5(1)(a), points (i) to (iv), in accordance with the laws of the Member State and subject to appropriate safeguards for data protection, including, where applicable, Article 6(4) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679. 4. Member States shall designate the national entity responsible for transmitting, for each unit, the activity data and the registration number obtained pursuant to Articles 5 and 9, the municipality where the unit is located and the maximum number of available bed places that the unit accommodates, on a monthly basis, to national, and where relevant, regional statistical offices and make such data available to Eurostat for the purpose of compiling statistics in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 23 ) . Access to that data by the national or regional statistical offices shall be subject to appropriate safeguards for data protection.
Article 13 Information obligations
1. Member States shall draw up, make available through the single digital entry point and regularly update the following lists: (a) the list of areas where a registration procedure applies in their territory, for the purposes of Article 7(1), point (c), and Article 8; (b) the list of areas for which competent authorities have requested data from providers of online short-term rental platforms, for the purposes of Article 9(1). 2. The competent authorities shall promote awareness of the rights and obligations under this Regulation in their respective territories. 3. Member States shall also make public, free of charge, the lists referred in paragraph 1.
Article 14 Monitoring
Each Member State shall designate an authority to be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the obligations laid down in this Regulation on their territory. That authority shall report to the Commission on the implementation of those obligations every two years.
Article 15 Enforcement
1. For the purposes of the enforcement of Article 7(1) and Article 8 of this Regulation, Chapter IV of Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 shall apply, and any references therein to compliance with the relevant provisions of Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 shall be deemed to include Article 7(1) and Article 8 of this Regulation. To the extent that powers are conferred upon the Commission under Chapter IV of Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, those powers shall also cover the application of Article 7(1) and Article 8 of this Regulation. 2. The authorities designated by the Member State of the relevant single digital entry point shall be competent to enforce Article 6, Article 7(2) and (3) and Article 9 of this Regulation. 3. Member States shall lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements, by online short-term rental platforms and, where appropriate by hosts, of Articles 6, 7(2), 7(3) and 9. Member States shall ensure that those penalties are effective, proportionate and dissuasive. 4. Member States shall by 20 May 2026 adopt and publish the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with paragraph 3 and shall notify the Commission thereof without delay.
Article 16 Committee
1. The Commission shall be assisted by a committee. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011. 2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.
Article 17 Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2018/1724
Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 is amended as follows: (1) in Annex I, in the second column, in the row ‘N. Services’, the following point is added: ‘4. information on rules governing the provision of short-term accommodation rental services, including the lists referred to in Article 13 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1028 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *1 ) ( *1 ) Regulation (EU) 2024/1028 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 April 2024 on data collection and sharing relating to short-term accommodation rental services and amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 ( OJ L, 2024/1028, 29.4.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1028/oj).’ " (2) Annex II is amended as follows: (a) in the second column, in the row ‘Starting, running and closing a business’, the following is added as a new row: ‘Declarations by hosts for registration procedures in relation to short-term accommodation rental services’; (b) in the third column, in the row ‘Starting, running and closing a business’, the following is added as a new row: ‘Issuance of a registration number’.