Article 1 
1. This Directive lays down the arrangements for products subject to excise duties and other indirect taxes which are levied directly or indirectly on the consumption of such products, except for value added tax and taxes established by the Community. 2. The particular provisions relating to the structures and rates of duty on products subject to excise duty shall be set out in specific Directives.
Article 2 
1. This Directive and the Directives listed in Article 1 (2) shall apply in the territory of the Community as defined, for each Member State, by the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 227 thereof, except for the following national territories: — in the case of the Federal Republic of Germany, the Island of Heligoland and the territory of Büsingen, — in the case of the Italian Republic, Livigno, Campione d'Italia and the Italian waters of Lake Lugano, — in the case of the Kingdom of Spain, Ceuta and Melilla. 2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, this Directive and the Directives referred to in Article 1 (2) shall not apply to the Canary Islands. However, the Kingdom of Spain may give notice, by means of a declaration, that these Directives apply to those territories in respect of all or some of the products referred to in Article 3 (1) below, as from the first day of the second month following deposit of that declaration. 3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, neither this Directive nor those referred to in Article 1 (2) shall apply to the overseas departments of the French Republic. However, the French Republic may give notice, by means of a declaration, that these Directives apply to those territories - subject to measures to adjust to their extreme remoteness - from the first day of the second month following deposit of the declaration. 4. The Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that transactions originating in or intended for: — the Principality of Monaco are treated as transactions originating in or intended for the French Republic, — Jungholz and Mittelberg (Kleines Walsertal) are treated as transactions originating in or intended for the Federal Republic of Germany, — the Isle of Man are treated as transactions originating in or intended for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, — San Marino are treated as transactions originating in or intended for the Italian Republic. 5. The provisions of this Directive shall not prevent Greece from maintaining the specific status granted to Mount Athos as guaranteed by Article 105 of the Greek Constitution. 6. If the Commission considers that the exclusions provided for in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4 are no longer justified, particularly in terms of fair competition, it shall submit appropriate proposals to the Council.
Article 3 
1. This Directive shall apply at Community level to the following products as defined in the relevant Directives: — mineral oils, — alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — manufactured tobacco. 2. The products listed in paragraph 1 may be subject to other indirect taxes for specific purposes, provided that those taxes comply with the tax rules applicable for excise duty and VAT purposes as far as determination of the tax base, calculation of the tax, chargeability and monitoring of the tax are concerned. 3. Member States shall retain the right to introduce or maintain taxes which are levied on products other than those listed in paragraph 1 provided, however, that those taxes do not give rise to border-crossing formalities in trade between Member States. Subject to the same proviso, Member States shall also retain the right to levy taxes on the supply of services which cannot be characterized as turnover taxes, including those relating to products subject to excise duty.
Article 4 
For the purpose of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply: (a) authorized warehousekeeper : a natural or legal person authorized by the competent authorities of a Member State to produce, process, hold, receive and dispatch products subject to excise duty in the course of his business, excise duty being suspended under tax-warehousing arrangement; (b) tax warehouse : a place where goods subject to excise duty are produced, processed, held, received or dispatched under duty-suspension arrangements by an authorized warehousekeeper in the course of his business, subject to certain conditions laid down by the competent authorities of the Member State where the tax warehouse is located; (c) suspension arrangement : a tax arrangement applied to the production, processing, holding and movement of products, excise duty being suspended; (d) registered trader : a natural or legal person without authorized warehousekeeper status, authorized by the competent authorities of a Member State to receive, in the course of his business, products subject to excise duty from another Member State under duty-suspension arrangements. This type of trader may neither hold nor dispatch such products under excise duty-suspension arrangements; (e) non-registered trader : a natural or legal person without authorized warehousekeeper status, who is entitled, in the course of his business, to receive occasionally products subject to excise duty from another Member State under duty-suspension arrangements. This type of trader may neither hold nor dispatch products under excise duty suspension arrangements. A non-registered trader must guarantee payment of excise duty to the tax authorities of the Member States of destination prior to the dispatch of the goods.
Article 5 
1. The products referred to in Article 3 (1) shall be subject to excise duty at the time of their production within the territory of the Community as defined in Article 2 or of their importation into that territory. ‘Importation of a product subject to excise duty’ shall mean the entry of that product into the territory of the Community, including the entry of such a product from a territory covered by Article 2 (1), (2) and (3) or from the Channel Islands. However, where the product is placed under a Community customs procedure on entry into the territory of the Community, importation shall be deemed to take place when it leaves the Community customs procedure. 2. Without prejudice to national and Community provisions regarding customs matters, when products subject to excise duty: — are coming from, or going to, third countries or territories referred to in Article 2 (1), (2) and (3) or the Channel Islands and are placed under one of the customs suspensive procedures listed in Article 84 (1) (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 ( 5 ) or in a free zone or a free warehouse, — or — are coming from, or going to, third countries or territories referred to in Article 2 (1), (2) and (3) or the Channel Islands and are placed under one of the customs suspensive procedures listed in Article 84 (1) (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 ( 5 ) or in a free zone or a free warehouse, — or — are dispatched between Member States via EFTA countries or between a Member State and an EFTA country under the internal Community transit procedure or via one or more non-EFTA third countries under cover of a TIR or ATA carnet, the excise duty on them shall be deemed to be suspended. In cases where the single administrative document is used: — box 33 of the single administrative document shall be completed with the appropriate CN code; — it shall be clearly indicated in box 44 of the single administrative document that a dispatch of products subject to excise duty is involved; — a copy of ‘copy 1’ of the single administrative document shall be held by the consignor; — a duly annotated copy of ‘copy 5’ of the single administrative document shall be sent back to the consignor by the consignee. 3. Any additional details that have to be shown on the transport or commercial documents serving as transit documents and the changes that have to be made to adapt the discharge procedure where goods subject to excise duty move under a simplified internal Community transit procedure shall be established according to the procedure provided for in Article 24.
Article 6 
1. Excise duty shall become chargeable at the time of release for consumption or when shortages are recorded which must be subject to excise duty in accordance with Article 14 (3). Release for consumption of products subject to excise duty shall mean: (a) any departure, including irregular departure, from a suspension arrangement; (b) any manufacture, including irregular manufacture, of those products outside a suspension arrangement; (c) any importation of those products, including irregular importation, where those products have not been placed under a suspension arrangement. 2. The chargeability conditions and rate of excise duty to be adopted shall be those in force on the date on which duty becomes chargeable in the Member State where release for consumption takes place or shortages are recorded. Excise duty shall be levied and collected according to the procedure laid down by each Member State, it being understood that Member States shall apply the same procedures for levying and collection to national products and to those from other Member States.
Article 7 
1. In the event of products subject to excise duty and already released for consumption in one Member State being held for commercial purposes in another Member State, the excise duty shall be levied in the Member State in which those products are held. 2. To that end, without prejudice to Article 6, where products already released for consumption as defined in Article 6 in one Member State are delivered or intended for delivery in another Member State or used in another Member State for the purposes of a trader carrying out an economic activity independently or for the purposes of a body governed by public law, excise duty shall become chargeable in that other Member State. 3. Depending on all the circumstances, the duty shall be due from the person making the delivery or holding the products intended for delivery or from the person receiving the products for use in a Member State other than the one where the products have already been released for consumption, or from the relevant trader or body governed by public law. 4. The products referred to in paragraph 1 shall move between the territories of the various Member States under cover of an accompanying document listing the main data from the document referred to in Article 18 (1). The form and content of this document shall be established in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24 of this Directive. 5. The person, trader or body referred to in paragraph 3 must comply with the following requirements: (a) before the goods are dispatched, make a declaration to the tax authorities of the Member State of destination and guarantee the payment of the excise duty; (b) pay the excise duty of the Member State of destination in accordance with the procedure laid down by that Member State; (c) consent to any check enabling the administration of the Member State of destination to satisfy itself that the goods have actually been received and that the excise duty to which they are liable has been paid. 6. The excise duty paid in the first Member State referred to in paragraph 1 shall be reimbursed in accordance with Article 22 (3). 7. Where products subject to excise duty and already released for consumption in a Member State are to be moved to a place of destination in that Member State via the territory of another Member State, such movements shall take place under cover of the accompanying document referred to in paragraph 4 and shall use an appropriate itinerary. 8. In the cases referred to in paragraph 7: (a) the consignor shall, before the goods are dispatched, make a declaration to the tax authorities of the place of departure responsible for carrying out excise-duty checks; (b) the consignee shall attest to having received the goods in accordance with the rules laid down by the tax authorities of the place of destination responsible for carrying out excise-duty checks; (c) the consignor and the consignee shall consent to any check enabling their respective tax authorities to satisfy themselves that the goods have actually been received. 9. Where products subject to excise duty are moved frequently and regularly under the conditions specified in paragraph 7, Member States may agree bilaterally to authorize a simplified procedure in derogation from paragraphs 7 and 8.
Article 8 
As regards products acquired by private individuals for their own use and transported by them, the principle governing the internal market lays down that excise duty shall be charged in the Member State in which they are acquired.
Article 9 
1. Without prejudice to Articles 6, 7 and 8, excise duty shall become chargeable where products for consumption in a Member State are held for commercial purpose in another Member State. In this case, the duty shall be due in the Member State in whose territory the products are and shall become chargeable to the holder of the products. 2. To establish that the products referred to in Article 8 are intended for commercial purposes, Member States must take account, inter alia , of the following: — the commercial status of the holder of the products and his reasons for holding them, — the place where the products are located or, if appropriate, the mode of transport used, — any document relating to the products, — the nature of the products, — the quantity of the products. For the purposes of applying the content of the fifth indent of the first subparagraph, Member States may lay down guide levels, solely as a form of evidence. These guide levels may not be lower than: (a) Tobacco products cigarettes 800 items cigarillos (cigars weighing not more than 3 g each) 400 items cigars 200 items smoking tobacco 1,0 kg; (a) Tobacco products cigarettes 800 items cigarillos (cigars weighing not more than 3 g each) 400 items cigars 200 items smoking tobacco 1,0 kg; cigarettes 800 items cigarettes 800 items cigarillos (cigars weighing not more than 3 g each) 400 items cigarillos (cigars weighing not more than 3 g each) cigars 200 items cigars smoking tobacco 1,0 kg; smoking tobacco 1,0 kg; (b) Alcoholic beverages spirit drinks 10 l intermediate products 20 l wines (including a maximum of 60 l of sparkling wines) 90 l beers 110 l. (b) Alcoholic beverages spirit drinks 10 l intermediate products 20 l wines (including a maximum of 60 l of sparkling wines) 90 l beers 110 l. spirit drinks 10 l spirit drinks 10 l intermediate products 20 l intermediate products wines (including a maximum of 60 l of sparkling wines) 90 l wines (including a maximum of 60 l of sparkling wines) beers 110 l. beers Until 30 June 1997 Ireland shall be authorized to apply guide levels which may not be less than 45 litres for wine (including a maximum of 30 litres of sparkling wine) and 55 litres for beer. 3. Member States may also provide that excise duty shall become chargeable in the Member State of consumption on the acquisition of mineral oils already released for consumption in another Member State if such products are transported using atypical modes of transport by private individuals or on their behalf. Atypical transport shall mean the transport of fuels other than in the tanks of vehicles or in appropriate reserve fuel canisters and the transport of liquid heating products other than by means of tankers used on behalf of professional traders.
Article 10 
1. Products subject to excise duty purchased by persons who are not authorized warehousekeepers or registered or non-registered traders and dispatched or transported directly or indirectly by the vendor or on his behalf shall be liable to excise duty in the Member State of destination. For the purposes of this Article, ‘Member State of destination’ shall mean the Member State of arrival of the dispatch or transport. 2. To that end, the delivery of products subject to excise duty already released for consumption in a Member State and giving rise to the dispatch or transport of those products to a person as referred to in paragraph 1, established in another Member State, and which are dispatched or transported directly or indirectly by the vendor or on his behalf shall cause excise duty to be chargeable on those products in the Member State of destination. 3. The duty of the Member State of destination shall be chargeable to the vendor at the time of delivery. However, Member States may adopt provisions stipulating that the excise duty shall be payable by a tax representative, other than the consignee of the products. Such a tax representative must be established in the Member State of destination and approved by the tax authorities of that Member State. The Member State in which the vendor is established must ensure that he complies with the following requirements: — guarantee payment of excise duty under the conditions set by the Member State of destination prior to dispatch of the products and ensure that the excise duty is paid following arrival of the products, — keep accounts of deliveries of products. 4. In the case referred to in paragraph 2, the excise duty paid in the first Member State shall be reimbursed in accordance with Article 22 (4). 5. Subject to Community law, Member States may lay down specific rules for applying this provision to products subject to excise duty which are covered by special national distribution arrangements compatible with the Treaty.
Article 11 
1. Each Member State shall determine its rules concerning the production, processing and holding of products subject to excise duty, subject to the provisions of this Directive. 2. Production, processing and holding of products subject to excise duty, where the latter has not been paid, shall take place in a tax warehouse.
Article 12 
The opening and operation of tax warehouses shall be subject to authorization from the competent authorities of the Member States.
Article 13 
An authorized warehousekeeper shall be required to: (a) provide a guarantee, if necessary, to cover production, processing and holding and a compulsory guarantee to cover movement, subject to Article 15 (3), the conditions for which shall be set by the competent authorities of the Member State in which the tax warehouse is authorized; (b) comply with the requirements laid down by the Member State within whose territory the tax warehouse is situated; (c) keep, for each warehouse, accounts of stock and product movements; (d) produce the products whenever so required; (e) consent to all monitoring and stock checks. The requirements must respect the principle of non-discrimination between national and intra-Community transactions.
Article 14 
1. Authorized warehousekeepers shall be exempt from duty in respect of losses occuring under suspension arrangements which are attributable to fortuitous events or force majeure and established by the authorized of the Member State concerned. They shall also be exempt, under suspension arrangements, in respect of losses inherent in the nature of the products during production and processing, storage and transport. Each Member State shall lay down the conditions under which these exemptions are granted. These exemptions shall apply equally to the traders referred to in Article 16 during the transport of products under excise duty suspension arrangements. 2. Losses referred to in paragraph 1 occuring during the intra-Community transport of products under excise duty suspension arrangements must be established according to the rules of the Member State of destination. 3. Without prejudice to Article 20, the duty on shortages other than the losses referred to in paragraph 1 and losses for which the exemptions referred to in paragraph 1 are not granted shall be levied on the basis of the rates applicable in the Member States concerned at the time the losses, duly established by the competent authorities, occured, or if necessary at the time the shortage was recorded. 4. The shortages referred to in paragraph 3 and losses which are not exempted under paragraph 1 shall, in all cases, be indicated by the competent authorities on the reverse of the copy of the accompanying document referred to in Article 18 (1) to be returned to the consignor. The procedure shall be as follows: — in the case of losses or shortages occurring during intra-Community transport of products subject to excise duty that are under duty suspension arrangements, the competent authorities of the Member State in which those losses or shortages are established shall annotate the return copy of the accompanying document accordingly, — on the arrival of the products in the Member State of destination, the competent authorities of that Member State shall indicate whether they are granting partial exemption or no exemption in respect of the losses established. In the cases referred to above they shall specify the basis for calculation of the excise duty to be levied in accordance with paragraph 3. The competent authorities of the Member State of destination shall send a copy of the return copy of the accompanying document to the competent authorities of the Member State in which the losses were established.
Article 15 
1. Without prejudice to Articles 5 (2), 16, 19 (4) and 23 (1a), the movement of products subject to excise duty under suspension arrangements shall take place between tax warehouses. The first subparagraph shall apply to the intra-Community movement of products subject to excise duty at a zero rate which have not been released for consumption. 2. Warehousekeepers authorized by the competent authorities of a Member State in accordance with Article 13 shall be deemed to be authorized for both national and intra-Community movement. 3. The risks inherent in intra-Community movement shall be covered by the guarantee provided by the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch, as provided for in Article 13, or, if need be, by a guarantee jointly and severally binding on both the consignor and the transporter. The competent authorities in the Member States may permit the transporter or the owner of the products to provide a guarantee in place of that provided by the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch. If appropriate, Member States may require the consignee to provide a guarantee. If mineral oils subject to excise duty are transported within the Community by sea or by pipeline, Member States may relieve authorized warehousekeepers of dispatch of the obligation to provide the guarantee referred to in the first subparagraph. The detailed rules for the guarantee shall be laid down by the Member States. The guarantee shall be valid throughout the Community. 4. Without prejudice to the provision of Article 20, the liability of the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch and, if the case arises, that of the transporter may only be discharged by proof that the consignee has taken delivery of the products, in particular by the accompanying document referred to in Article 18 under the conditions laid down in Article 19. 5. An authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch or his agent may amend the contents of boxes 4, 7, 7a, 13, 14 and/or 17 of the accompanying document to show a new consignee, who must be an authorized warehousekeeper or registered trader, or a new place of delivery. The competent authority of dispatch must be notified immediately and the new consignee or the new place of delivery shall immediately be indicated on the reverse of the accompanying document. 6. In the case of intra-Community movement of mineral oils by sea or inland waterway, the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch need not complete boxes, 4, 7, 7a, 13 and 17 on the accompanying document if, when the products are dispatched, the consignee is not definitively known, provided that: — the competent authorities of the Member State of departure authorize the consignor in advance not to complete these boxes, — the same authorities are notified of the name and address of the consignee, his excise number and the country of destination as soon as they are known or at the latest when the products reach their final destination.
Article 16 
1. Notwithstanding Article 15 (1), the consignee may be a professional trader without authorized warehousekeeper status. This trader may, in the course of his business, receive products subject to excise duty from other Member States under duty-suspension arrangements. However, he may neither hold nor dispatch such products under excise duty-suspension arrangements. Subject to Community law, Member States may lay down specific rules for applying this provision to products subject to excise duty that are covered by special national distribution arrangements compatible with the Treaty. 2. The above trader may request, prior to the receipt of goods, to be registered by the tax authorities of his Member State. A registered trader must comply with the following requirements: (a) guarantee payment of excise duty under the conditions set by the tax authorities of his Member State, without prejudice to Article 15 (4) laying down the liability of the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch and, if the case arises, of the transporter; (b) keep accounts of deliveries of products; (c) produce the products whenever so required; (d) consent to all monitoring and stock checks. For this type of trader excise duty shall be chargeable at the time of receipt of the goods and shall be paid in accordance with the procedure laid down by each Member State. 3. If the trader referred to in paragraph 1 above is not registered with the tax authorities of his Member State, he must comply with the following requirements: (a) before the goods are dispatched, make a declaration to the tax authorities of the Member States of destination and guarantee the payment of excise duty, without prejudice to Article 15 (4) laying down the liability of the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch and, if the case arises, of the transporter; (b) pay the excise duty of the Member State of destination at the time of receipt of the goods in accordance with the procedure laid down by that Member State; (c) consent to any check enabling the administration of the Member State of destination to satisfy itself that the goods have actually been received and that the excise duty to which they are liable has been paid. 4. Subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 2 and 3, the provisions of this Directive relating to the movement of products subject to excise duty under duty-suspension arrangements shall apply.
Article 17 
A tax representative may be appointed by the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch. This tax representative must be established in the Member State of destination and authorized by the tax authorities of that State. He must, instead of and in the place of the consignee without authorized warehousekeeper status, comply with the following requirements: (a) guarantee the payment of excise duty under the conditions set by the tax authorities of the Member State of destination, without prejudice to Article 15 (4) laying down the liability of the authorized warehousekeeper of dispatch and, if the case arises, the transporter; (b) pay the excise duty of the Member State of destination at the time of receipt of the goods in accordance with the procedure laid down by the Member States of destination; (c) keep an account of deliveries of products and advise the tax authorities of the Member States of destination of the place where the goods are delivered.
Article 18 
1. Notwithstanding the possible use of computerized procedures, all products subject to excise duty moving under duty-suspension arrangements between Member States, including those moving by sea or air directly from one Community port or airport to another, shall be accompanied by a document drawn up by the consignor. This document may be either an administrative document or a commercial document. The form and content of this document, and the procedure to be followed where its use is objectively inappropriate, shall be established in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24. 2. In order to identify the goods and conduct checks, the packages should be numbered and the products described using the document referred to in paragraph 1. If need be, each container should be sealed by the consignor when the means of transport is recognized as suitable for sealing by the Member States of departure or the packages should be sealed by the consignor. 3. In cases where the consignee is not an authorized warehousekeeper or a registered trader and notwithstanding Article 17, the document referred to in paragraph 1 must be accompanied by a document certifying that excise duty has been paid in the Member State of destination or that any other procedure for collection of duty has been complied with in accordance with the conditions laid down by the competent authorities of the Member State of destination. This document must give: — the address of the office concerned of the tax authorities in the Member State of destination, — the date and reference of payment or of the acceptance of the guarantee of payment by this office. 4. Paragraph 1 shall not apply when products subject to excise duty move under the conditions referred to in Article 5 (2). 5. Without prejudice to Article 3 (1), Member States may maintain their rules on movement and storage of raw materials used in the manufacture or preparation of products subject to excise duty. 6. This Article shall also apply to products subject to excise duty moving under duty-suspension arrangements between two tax warehouses located in the same Member State via the territory of another Member State.
Article 19 
1. The tax authorities of the Member States shall be informed by traders of deliveries dispatched or received by means of the document or a reference to the document specified in Article 18. This document shall be drawn up in quadruplicate: — one copy to be kept by the consignor, — one copy for the consignee, — one copy to be returned to the consignor for discharge, — one copy for the competent authorities of the Member State of destination. The competent authorities of each Member State of dispatch may provide for the use of an additional copy of the document for the competent authorities of the Member State of departure. The competent authorities of the Member State of dispatch and destination may stipulate that the information contained in the copies of the accompanying document intended for them is to be sent by computerized means. The Member States of destination may stipulate that the copy to be returned to the consignor for discharge should be certified or endorsed by its national authorities. Member States applying this provision must inform the Commission which shall in turn inform the other Member States thereof. The procedure to be followed with respect to the copy for the competent authorities of the Member States of destination shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 24. 2. When products subject to excise duty move under the duty-suspension arrangements to an authorized warehousekeeper or to a registered or non-registered trader, a copy of the accompanying administrative document or a copy of the commercial document, duly annotated, shall be returned by the consignee to the consignor for discharge, at the latest within 15 days following the month of receipt by the consignee. Notwithstanding the above provisions, Member States of dispatch may provide for a copy of the return copy to be sent immediately to the consignor by fax so that the guarantee may be released quickly. This shall not affect the obligation to return the original pursuant to the first sentence. Where products subject to excise duty move frequently and regularly between two Member States under duty suspension arrangements, the competent authorities of those Member States may, by mutual agreement, authorize the procedure for discharging the accompanying document to be simplified by means of summary or automated certification. The copy to be returned must contain the following details which are required for discharge: (a) the address of the office of the tax authority for the consignee; (b) the date and place of receipt of the goods; (c) a description of the goods received in order to check whether the consignment tallies with the details contained in the document. If it does, the note ‘consignment checked’ must be added; (d) the reference or registration number issued, where appropriate, by the competent authorities of the Member State of destination which use such numbering and/or the endorsement of the competent authorities of the Member State of destination if that Member State stipulates that the copy to be returned must be certified or endorsed by its authorities; (e) the authorized signature of the consignee. 3. The duty-suspension arrangements as defined in Article 4 (c) shall be discharged by the placing of the products subject to excise duty under one of the arrangements referred to in Article 5 (2) and subject to the conditions referred to therein, after the consignor has received the copy to be returned of the accompanying administrative document or a copy of the commercial document, duly annotated, in which it must be noted that the products have been placed under such an arrangement. 4. Products subject to excise duty that are dispatched by an authorized warehousekeeper established in a Member State for exportation via one or more other Member States shall be permitted to move under the duty-suspension arrangements as defined in Article 4 (c). Those arrangements shall be discharged by an attestation drawn up by the customs office of departure from the Community confirming that the products have indeed left the Community. That office must send back to the consignor the certified copy of the accompanying document intended for him. 5. If there is no discharge, the consignor shall inform the tax authorities of his Member State within a time limit to be fixed by those tax authorities. The time limit may not, however, exceed three months from the date of dispatch of the goods.
Article 20 
1. Where an irregularity or offence has been committed in the course of a movement involving the chargeability of excise duty, the excise duty shall be due in the Member State where the offence or irregularity was committed from the natural or legal person who guaranteed payment of the excise duties in accordance with Article 15 (3), without prejudice to the bringing of criminal proceedings. Where the excise duty is collected in a Member State other than that of departure, the Member State collecting the duty shall inform the competent authorities of the country of departure. 2. When, in the course of movement, an offence or irregularity has been detected without it being possible to determine where it was committed, it shall be deemed to have been committed in the Member State where it was detected. 3. Without prejudice to the provision of Article 6 (2), when products subject to excise duty do not arrive at their destination and it is not possible to determine where the offence of irregularity was committed, that offence or irregularity shall be deemed to have been committed in the Member State of departure, which shall collect the excise duties at the rate in force on the date when the products were dispatched unless within a period of four months from the date of dispatch of the products evidence is produced to the satisfaction of the competent authorities of the correctness of the transaction or of the place where the offence or irregularity was actually committed. Member States shall take the necessary measures to deal with any offence or irregularity and to impose effective penalties. 4. If, before the expiry of a period of three years from the date on which the accompanying document was drawn up, the Member State where the offence or irregularity was actually committed is ascertained, that Member States shall collect the excise duty at the rate in force on the date when the goods were dispatched. In this case, as soon as evidence of collection has been provided, the excise duty originally levied shall be refunded.
Article 21 
1. Without prejudice to Article 6 (1), Member States may require that products released for consumption in their territory shall carry tax markings or national identification marks used for fiscal purposes. 2. Any Member State which requires the use of tax marking or national identification marks as set out in paragraph 1 shall be required to make them available to authorized warehousekeepers of the other Member States. However, each Member State may require that fiscal marks be made available to a tax representative authorized by the tax authority of that Member State. Without prejudice to any provisions they may lay down in order to ensure that this Article is implemented properly and to prevent any fraud, evasion or abuse, Member States shall ensure that these marks or markings do not create obstacles to the free movement of products subject to excise duty. 3. Tax markings or identification marks within the meaning of paragraph 1 shall be valid in the Member State which issued them. However, there may be mutual recognition of these markings between Member States. 4. Mineral oils may be held, transported or used in Ireland, other than in the running tanks of vehicles permitted to use rebated fuel, only where they comply with that State's control and marking requirements. 5. Intra-Community movement of products carrying a tax marking or national identification mark of a Member State within the meaning of paragraph 1 and intended for sale in that Member State, which are within the territory of another Member State, shall take place under cover of an accompanying document as provided for in Article 18 (1) and (3), or if the case arises, in accordance with Article 5 (2).
Article 22 
1. In appropriate cases, products subject to excise duty which have been released for consumption may, at the request of a trader in the course of his business, be eligible for reimbursement of excise duty by the tax authorities of the Member State where they were released for consumption when they are not intended for consumption in that Member State. However, Member States may refuse request for reimbursement where it does not satisfy the correctness criteria they lay down. 2. In the application of paragraph 1, the following provisions shall apply: (a) before dispatch of the goods, the consignor must make a request for reimbursement from the competent authorities of his Member State and provide proof that the excise duty has been paid. However, the competent authorities may not refuse reimbursement on the sole grounds of non-presentation of the document prepared by the same authorities certifying that the initial payment had been made; (b) movement of the goods referred to in (a) shall take place in accordance with the provisions of Title III; (c) the consignor shall submit to the competent authorities of his Member State the returned copy of the document referred to in (b) duly annotated by the consignee which must either be accompanied by a document certifying that the excise duty has been secured in the Member State of consumption or have the following details added: — the address of the office concerned of the tax authorities in the Member State of destination, — the date of acceptance of the declaration by this office together with the reference or registration number of that declaration; (c) the consignor shall submit to the competent authorities of his Member State the returned copy of the document referred to in (b) duly annotated by the consignee which must either be accompanied by a document certifying that the excise duty has been secured in the Member State of consumption or have the following details added: — the address of the office concerned of the tax authorities in the Member State of destination, — the date of acceptance of the declaration by this office together with the reference or registration number of that declaration; (d) products subject to excise duty and released for consumption in a Member State and thus bearing a tax marking or an identification mark of that Member State may be eligible for reimbursement of the excise duty due from the tax authorities of the Member States which issued the tax markings or identification marks, provided that the tax authorities of the Member State which issued them has established that such markings or marks have been destroyed. 3. In the cases referred to in Article 7, the Member State of departure is required to reimburse the excise duty paid only where the excise duty was previously paid in the Member State of destination in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 7 (5). However, Member States may refuse this request for reimbursement where it does not satisfy the correctness criteria they lay down. 4. In the cases referred to in Article 10 the Member State of departure must, at the vendor's request, reimburse the excise duty paid where the vendor has followed the procedures laid down in Article 10 (3). Where the vendor is an authorized warehousekeeper, Member States may stipulate that the reimbursement procedure be simplified. 5. The tax authorities of each Member State shall determine the monitoring procedures and methods applying to reimbursement made in their territory. Member States shall ensure that the reimbursement of excise duty does not exceed the sum actually paid.
Article 23 
1. Products subject to excise duty shall be exempted from payment of excise duty where they are intended: — for delivery in the context of diplomatic or consular relations, — for international organizations recognized as such by the public authorities of the host Member State, and by members of such organizations, within the limits and under the conditions laid down by the international conventions establishing such organizations or by headquarters agreements, — for the armed forces of any State party to the North Atlantic Treaty other than the Member State within which the excise duty is chargeable as well as for the armed forces referred to in Article 1 of Decision 90/640/EEC ( 6 ), for the use of those forces, for the civilian staff accompanying them or for supplying their messes or canteens, — for consumption under an agreement concluded with non-member countries or international organizations provided that such an agreement is allowed or authorized with regard to exemption from VAT. These exemptions shall be subject to conditions and limitations laid down by the host Member State until uniform tax rules are adopted. Eligibility for exemption may be granted in accordance with a procedure for reimbursing excise duties. 1a. The armed forces and organizations referred to in paragraph 1 shall be authorized to receive products from other Member States under excise-duty suspension arrangements under cover of the accompanying document referred to in Article 18 provided that the document is accompanied by an exemption certificate. The form and content of the exemption certificate shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24. 2. The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission, may authorize any Member State to conclude with a non-member country or an international organization an agreement which may contain exemptions from excise duty. A State wishing to conclude such an agreement shall bring the matter to the notice of the Commission and provide all the background information necessary. The Commission shall inform the other Member States within one month. The Council's decision shall be deemed to have been adopted if, within two months of other Member States being informed, the matter has not been raised before the Council. 3. The provisions on excise duty laid down in the following Directives shall cease to apply on 31 December 1992: — Directive 74/651/EEC ( 7 ), — Directive 83/183/EEC ( 8 ), — Directive 68/297/EEC ( 9 ). 4. The provisions on excise duty laid down in Directive 69/169/EEC ( 10 ) shall cease to apply on 31 December 1992 in respect of relations between Member States. 5. Until the Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission, has adopted Community provisions on stores for boats and aircraft, Member States may maintain their national provisions on the subject.
Article 24 
1. The Commission shall be assisted by a committee referred to as the ‘Committee on Excise Duties’. 2. The measures necessary for the application of Articles 5, 7, 15b, 18, 19 and 23 shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 3. 3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC ( 11 ) shall apply. The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months. 4. In addition to the measures referred to in paragraph 2, the Commitee shall examine the matters raised by its chairman, either on his own initiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State, concerning the application of Community provisions on excise duties. 5. The committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.
Article 25 
The Member States and the Commission shall examine and assess the application of Community provisions on excise duties.
Article 26 
1. Without prejudice to Article 8, until 31 December 2003, Denmark and Finland shall be authorized to apply the specific arrangements laid down in the second and third subparagraphs to certain alcoholic drinks and tobacco products brought into their territory by private individuals for their own use. From 1 January 1997, Denmark and Finland shall be authorized to continue to apply the same restrictions on the quantity of goods which may be brought into their territories without further excise duty payment as they applied on 31 December 1996. Those restrictions shall be progressively removed by these Member States. Finland shall increase the quantitative restrictions for beer to at least 24 litres from the entry into force of the Finnish legislation transposing Article 5(9) of Directive 69/169/EEC, to at least 32 litres from 1 January 2001 and to at least 64 litres from 1 January 2003. Where such goods are imported by persons resident within their territories, Denmark and Finland shall be authorized to restrict the grant of admission without payment of duty to persons who have been absent from their territory for a period of more than 24 hours. 2. Before 30 June 2000, the Commission shall report to the European Parliament and the Council on the operation of paragraph 1. 3. Without prejudice to Article 8, Sweden shall be authorised to apply the restrictions set out in the Annex on the quantity of alcoholic drinks and tobacco products. The authorisation shall concern the quantity of alcoholic drinks and tobacco products which may be brought into Swedish territory by private individuals for their own use without further payment of excise duty. It shall apply until 31 December 2003. 4. Denmark, Finland and Sweden may collect excise duties and carry out the necessary checks with respect to the products covered by this Article.
Article 26a 
Products subject to excise duty that are under a suspension arrangement other than as specified in Articles 5 (2) and 18 (1) before 1 January 1993 and which has not been discharged, shall be deemed, after that date, to be under suspension of excise duty. When the situation described in the first subparagraph involves the internal Community transit suspension arrangements, the provisions in force at the time when the products were placed under these arrangements shall continue to apply during the period when these products are under these arrangements, which shall be determined in accordance with the said provisions. When the said situation involves national suspension arrangements, Member States shall determine the conditions and the formalities under which the suspension arrangements are discharged after 1 January 1993.
Article 27 
Before 1 January 1997 the Council, acting unanimously on the basis of a report from the Commission, shall re-examine the provisions of Articles 7, 8, 9 and 10 and, on the basis of a proposal from the Commission after consulting the European Parliament, adopt any necessary amendments.
Article 28 
The following provisions shall apply for the period ending on 30 June 1999: 1. Member States may exempt products supplied by tax-free shops which are carried away in the personal luggage of travellers taking an intra-Community flight or sea-crossing to another Member State. For the purposes of this provision: (a) ‘ tax-free shop ’ shall mean any establishment situated within an airport or port which fulfils the conditions laid down by the competent public authorities, pursuant in particular to paragraph 3 of this Article; (b) ‘ traveller to another Member State ’ shall mean any passenger holding a transport document, for air or sea travel, stating that the immediate destination is an airport or port situated in another Member State; (c) ‘ intra-Community flight or sea-crossing ’ shall mean any transport, by air or sea, commencing within a Member State, where the actual place of arrival is situated within another Member State. Products supplied on board an aircraft or ship during the intra-Community passenger service shall be treated in the same way as products supplied by tax-free shops. This exemption shall also apply to products supplied by tax-free shops situated within one of the two access terminals to the Channel Tunnel to passengers holding transport documents which are valid for the journey between those two terminals. 1. Member States may exempt products supplied by tax-free shops which are carried away in the personal luggage of travellers taking an intra-Community flight or sea-crossing to another Member State. For the purposes of this provision: (a) ‘ tax-free shop ’ shall mean any establishment situated within an airport or port which fulfils the conditions laid down by the competent public authorities, pursuant in particular to paragraph 3 of this Article; (b) ‘ traveller to another Member State ’ shall mean any passenger holding a transport document, for air or sea travel, stating that the immediate destination is an airport or port situated in another Member State; (c) ‘ intra-Community flight or sea-crossing ’ shall mean any transport, by air or sea, commencing within a Member State, where the actual place of arrival is situated within another Member State. Products supplied on board an aircraft or ship during the intra-Community passenger service shall be treated in the same way as products supplied by tax-free shops. This exemption shall also apply to products supplied by tax-free shops situated within one of the two access terminals to the Channel Tunnel to passengers holding transport documents which are valid for the journey between those two terminals. 2. The exemption provided for in paragraph 1 shall apply only to products in quantities which do not exceed the limits, by person and by journey, laid down by Community provisions in force in the context of the movement of travellers between third countries and the Community. 3. Member States shall take the measures necessary to ensure that the exemption provided for in this Article are applied correctly and straightforwardly, and to prevent any possible evasion, avoidance or abuse.
Article 29 
1. Member States may exempt small wine producers from the requirements of Titles II and III and from the other requirements relating to movement and monitoring. Where these small producers themselves carry out intra-Community transactions, they shall inform their relevant authorities and comply with the requirements laid down by Commission Regulation (EEC) No 986/89 ( 12 ) of 10 April 1989 particularly as regards the register of outgoing products and the accompanying document. ‘Small wine producers’ should be understood to mean persons producing on average less than 1 000 hl of wine per year. 2. The tax authorities of the Member State of destination shall be informed by the consignee of wine deliveries received by means of the document referred to in paragraph 1 or by making a reference to it. 3. Member States shall take the measures necessary on a bilateral basis to introduce spot checks, which may be conducted, as necessary, by computerized procedures.
Article 30 
Directive 77/799/EEC is amended as follows: 1. The title shall be replaced by the following: ‘Council Directive of 19 December 1977 concerning mutual assistance by the competent authorities of the Member States in the field of direct and indirect taxation’ 2. In Article 1: (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following: ‘1. In accordance with this Directive the competent authorities of the Member State shall exchange any information that may enable them to effect a correct assessment of taxes on income and capital and any information relating to the assessment of the following indirect taxes: — value added tax, — excise duty on mineral oils, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on manufactured tobacco.’ (b) Paragraph 5 shall be replaced by the following in respect of Denmark, Greece, the United Kingdom and Portugal: ‘in Denmark: — Skatteministeren or an authorized representative; in Greece: Υπουργός Οικονομικών or an authorized representative; in the United Kingdom: — The Commissioners of Customs and Excise or an authorized representative for information required concerning value added tax and excise duty, — The Commissioners of Inland Revenue or an authorized representative for all other information; in Portugal: — O Ministro das Finanças or an authorized representative.’ 2. In Article 1: (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following: ‘1. In accordance with this Directive the competent authorities of the Member State shall exchange any information that may enable them to effect a correct assessment of taxes on income and capital and any information relating to the assessment of the following indirect taxes: — value added tax, — excise duty on mineral oils, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on manufactured tobacco.’ (a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following: ‘1. In accordance with this Directive the competent authorities of the Member State shall exchange any information that may enable them to effect a correct assessment of taxes on income and capital and any information relating to the assessment of the following indirect taxes: — value added tax, — excise duty on mineral oils, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on manufactured tobacco.’ (b) Paragraph 5 shall be replaced by the following in respect of Denmark, Greece, the United Kingdom and Portugal: ‘in Denmark: — Skatteministeren or an authorized representative; in Greece: Υπουργός Οικονομικών or an authorized representative; in the United Kingdom: — The Commissioners of Customs and Excise or an authorized representative for information required concerning value added tax and excise duty, — The Commissioners of Inland Revenue or an authorized representative for all other information; in Portugal: — O Ministro das Finanças or an authorized representative.’ (b) Paragraph 5 shall be replaced by the following in respect of Denmark, Greece, the United Kingdom and Portugal: ‘in Denmark: — Skatteministeren or an authorized representative; ‘in Denmark: — Skatteministeren or an authorized representative; in Greece: Υπουργός Οικονομικών or an authorized representative; in Greece: Υπουργός Οικονομικών or an authorized representative; in the United Kingdom: — The Commissioners of Customs and Excise or an authorized representative for information required concerning value added tax and excise duty, — The Commissioners of Inland Revenue or an authorized representative for all other information; in the United Kingdom: — The Commissioners of Customs and Excise or an authorized representative for information required concerning value added tax and excise duty, — The Commissioners of Inland Revenue or an authorized representative for all other information; in Portugal: — O Ministro das Finanças or an authorized representative.’ in Portugal: — O Ministro das Finanças or an authorized representative.’
Article 30a 
Directive 76/308/EEC is amended as follows: 1. The title shall be replaced by the following: ‘Council Directive of 15 March 1976 on mutual assistance for the recovery of claims resulting from operations forming part of the system of financing the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund, and of agricultural levies and customs duties, and in respect of value added tax and certain excise duties.’ 2. in Article 2 (a) letter ‘(e)’ shall be replaced by ‘(f)’, (b) the following point shall be inserted after point ‘(d)’: ‘(e) the following excise duties: — excise duty on manufactured tobacco, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on mineral oils.’ 2. in Article 2 (a) letter ‘(e)’ shall be replaced by ‘(f)’, (b) the following point shall be inserted after point ‘(d)’: ‘(e) the following excise duties: — excise duty on manufactured tobacco, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on mineral oils.’ (b) the following point shall be inserted after point ‘(d)’: ‘(e) the following excise duties: — excise duty on manufactured tobacco, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on mineral oils.’ ‘(e) the following excise duties: — excise duty on manufactured tobacco, — excise duty on alcohol and alcoholic beverages, — excise duty on mineral oils.’
Article 31 
1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive on 1 January 1993. However, with regard to Article 9 (3) the Kingdom of Denmark is authorized to introduce the laws, regulations and administrative provisions required for complying with this provision by 1 January 1993 at the latest. When Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such a reference shall be laid down by the Member State. 2. The Member States shall inform the Commission of the main provisions of national law which they adopt to comply with this Directive.
Article 32 
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.