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The Kistler K-1 was a two-stage, fully reusable launch vehicle design created by Rocketplane Kistler. It was to accommodate a wide range of missions, including payload delivery to low Earth orbit (LEO), payload delivery to high-energy orbits with a K-1 Active Dispenser, technology demonstration flights, microgravity missions, and commercial cargo resupply, recovery, and reboost services for the International Space Station as part of the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program.