Isatis tinctoria
"Crambe maritima" is a halophyte. meaning that it tolerates salt and is therefore found on coastal beaches where little else thrives. It is usually found above high tide mark on beaches in which the sand includes pebbles or rock. A typical habitat for the species in Britain is vegetated shingle beaches, where it grows in association with yellow horned poppy and curled dock. It is the dominant plant species in plant communities found in fragmentary, endangered habitats on shingle beaches and bars on the southern Baltic coasts of Sweden, Finland and Estonia, east to Mecklenburg, where it grows together with "Leymus arenarius", "Euphorbia palustris", "Honkenya peploides", "Angelica archangelica" ssp. "litoralis", "Atriplex" spp., "Beta vulgaris" ssp. "maritima", "Elymus repens", "Geranium robertianum" ssp. "rubricaule", "Glaucium flavum", "Isatis tinctoria", "Ligusticum scoticum", "Mertensia maritima", "Silene uniflora", "Tripleurospermum maritimum" and "Valeriana salina". Trapping wind-blown sand, clumps of sea kale may initiate the formation of dunes.