Ilex aquifolium
The beech forests are characterized by European beech "Fagus sylvatica". Beech often grows with deciduous oaks ("Quercus" spp.) maples ("Acer pseudoplatanus", "Acer opalus" ssp. "obtusatum", and "A. lobelii"), "Sorbus aria, S. aucuparia, S. torminalis, Ulmus glabra, Tilia platyphyllos, Populus tremula, Ilex aquifolium", and the evergreen conifer yew ("Taxus baccata").