Lê Chiêu Thống
At the beginning of the war, Nguyễn Huệ's troops retreated to the South and refused to engage the Qing army. He raised a large army of his own and defeated the invader in the Lunar New year Eve of 1789. Chiêu Thống and the Royal family fled north into China, never to return. The Lê Dynasty finally ended after ruled Vietnam for 356 years. He went to [[Beijing]] where he was appointed a Chinese mandarin of the fourth rank in the [[Han Eight Banners|Han Yellow Bordered Banner]], while lower ranking loyalists were sent to cultivate government land and join the [[Green Standard Army]] in [[Sichuan]] and [[Zhejiang]]. They adopted Qing clothing and adopt the queue hairstyle, effectively becoming naturalized subjects of the Qing dynasty affording them protection against Vietnamese demands for extradition.. From this point on, Lê Chiêu Thống failed to receive support from the [[Qing dynasty|Qing Empire]] of China any more. He spent the rest of his life in China, and died in 1793. In 1802, when envoys of the [[Nguyễn dynasty]] visited China, Lê dynasty loyalists requested that the [[Jiaqing Emperor]] let them bring Lê Chiêu Thống's remains back to Vietnam and the emperor agreed. The Jiaqing Emperor also freed all the followers of Lê Chiêu Thống who were imprisoned in China to go back to Vietnam. Lê Chiêu Thống's remains are buried in Bàn Thạch village, [[Thanh Hóa]], [[Vietnam]]. He was posthumously given the title Mẫn Đế (愍帝). Modern descendants of the Lê dynasty live in southern Vietnam.