Hissène Habré
Déby was a member of the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He took power by leading a coup d'état against President Hissène Habré in December 1990 and survived various rebellions and coup attempts against his own rule. Déby won elections in 1996 and 2001, and after term limits were eliminated he won again in 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021.