菖蒲
This plant grows in coastal habitat types, such as mudflats, estuaries, and marshes, but in freshwater or slightly brackish water. It may be submerged at times. It grows in mud or cobbly gravel or sand. The substrate is often subject to scouring from water action, including tides and floods. The plant can tolerate a wide range of water chemistry. This species is associated with other plants such as "Zizania aquatica", "Ludwigia palustris", "Isoetes riparia", "Schoenoplectus pungens", "Bidens eatonii", "Bidens hyperborea", "Polygonum punctatum", "Lindernia dubia" var. "inundata", "Elatine minima", "Elatine americana", "Sagittaria subulata", "Sagittaria latifolia", "Sagittaria calycina", "Acorus calamus", "Limosella australis", "Micranthemum micranthemoides", "Pontederia cordata", "Orontium aquaticum", and, in more brackish waters, "Spartina alterniflora".