Li Quan
The "Huangdi Yinfujing"'s date of composition is uncertain. Some scholars believed it existed prior to the Zhou Dynasty (1122–256 BCE), while others believe it is a forgery from the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE). The traditional Chinese belief, as well as the eponymous title, ascribed this classic to the legendary Chinese sovereign Huangdi "Yellow Emperor". According to literary legend, in 441 CE the Daoist reformer Kou Qianzhi hid the "Huangdi Yinfujing" in a cave near Mount Song, where it was discovered by the Tang military official Li Quan (fl. ca. 743 CE). Li transcribed the text and published it with his commentary ("Yinfujing Jie" 陰符經解). There is consensus among contemporary scholars that Li probably forged the text, which is confirmed by the absence of references in pre-Tang sources. Despite this comparatively late date, the "Huangdi Yinfujing" is considered a Chinese classic, and collections like the Daozang and Siku Quanshu include various editions and commentaries.