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Olkin has written many books including "Statistical methods for meta-analysis", "Probability theory", and "Education in a Research University". Olkin's coauthors include S. S. Shrikhande and Larry V. Hedges. Olkin has written two books with Albert W. Marshall, "Inequalities: Theory of Majorization and its Applications" (1979) and "Life distributions: Structure of nonparametric, semiparametric, and parametric families" (2007). In nonparametric statistics and decision theory, Olkin wrote "Selecting and ordering populations: A new statistical methodology" with Jean Dickinson Gibbons and Milton Sobel (1977, 1999).