网络管理
Network management became increasingly crucial, after a sharp rise in computer crime, especially attacks that exploit DNS servers, such as DNS spoofing and distributed denial-of-service attacks. In 2012, 7.8 million new malware threats emerged. Mobile threats grew by 1,000 percent, and 865 successful breaches compromised 174 million records. DNS servers in particular are vulnerable to hacking, and often used in destructive attacks such as the Syrian Electronic Army (SEA) attack that hit "The New York Times" and Twitter in 2013.