Crowd control
During the annual observance of both the 1959 Tibetan Uprising Day and the escape of the 14th Dalai Lama to India, monks from two different monasteries began marches into Lhasa on 10 March. Peaceful street protests and demonstrations grew, and were met by excessive force from Chinese police and military units on 14 March. Crowd control, shootings, beatings and arrests escalated the tensions, eventually setting off clashes between thousands of Tibetans in the Ramoche section of Lhasa and Chinese security forces. The clashes spread to include arson. Reports indicate more than 1200 Chinese shops, offices, and residences were burned, and fire was set to nearly 100 cars, including police vehicles. Monks were arrested at monasteries, and the number of Tibetans killed varies between 140 and 219 deaths. Other Tibetans were arrested, and Amnesty International reports 1000 Tibetans remained "unaccounted for" by June. The paramilitary People's Armed Police were sent in and 50-100 Tibetans were killed. The international community condemned the suppression of the protests, which spread through the Tibetan plateau. Other reports on the clashes estimate among Han settlers, 22 were dead and 325 injured. Damage was estimated at $40 million USD. In the Gansu Province, another demonstration by 400 monks was met with Chinese security forces, igniting a clash by more than 5000 Tibetans who again burned down the establishments of local Han and Hui settlers before the forces arrived.