史可法
When Zhang Xianzhong and Li Zicheng rebelled against the Chongzhen Emperor, Zhu applied to the throne for permission to undertake military action against the rebels. However his campaign was unsuccessful and he was forced to flee to Hangzhou. After the Chongzhen Emperor's suicide in 1644, Zhu was petitioned by his advisors Shi Kefa and Gao Hongtu () to assume the throne in exile, however it was his relative Zhu Yousong who eventually took the throne as the Hongguang Emperor. Zhu Changfang was executed in 1646 in Beijing, after surrendering to the Qing dynasty along with a number of other Southern Ming princes.