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Natural rubber is produced in Muara Bungo, and rubber farming is a primary source of income and livelihood for the majority of the city's residents. An agroforestry innovation involved the planting of rubber trees and cinnamon alongside one-another to diversify plantings to avoid monoculture. Muara Bungo has some large oil palm plantations, and palm oil is produced there. Circa 1995 to 1996, illegal timber harvesting was observed in Muara Bungo.