Li Sao
The signature poem of the "Chu Ci" is the poem "Li Sao". By China's "first poet", Qu Yuan, a major literary device of the poem is the shamanic spirit journey. "Yuan You", literally "The Far-off Journey" features shamanic spirit flight as a literary device, as does "Jiu Bian", as part of its climactic ending. In the "Li Sao", two individual shaman are specified, Ling Fen () and Wu Xian (). This Wu Xian may or may not be the same as the (one or more) historical person(s) named Wu Xian. Hawkes suggests an equation of the word "ling" in the Chu dialect with the word "wu".