鄭阮紛爭
Đàng Ngoài (, lit. "Outer Land"), also known as Tonkin, Bắc Hà (北河, "North of the River") or "Annam Kingdom" (安南國), was an area in northern Đại Việt (now Vietnam) during the 17th and 18th centuries as the result of Trịnh–Nguyễn War. The word "Đàng Ngoài" first appeared in the "Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum" by Alexandre de Rhodes.