新エングラー体系
Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, and reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective, although Engler himself did not think that his was. His modified Eichler schema first appeared in 1886 in his "Guide to Breslau Botanic Garden" (of which he was the director) and was expanded in his "Syllabus" in 1892. This reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective. Engler's "Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien" first appeared in 1892 with the title "Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik". Many subsequent editions have appeared since, and it was continued after Engler's death in 1930. The most recent edition was the 13th in 2009. A number of references to the Engler system actually refer to later revisions ('modified Engler system') undertaken by Melchior and colleagues, the 12th edition of the "Syllabus", also referred to as the Melchior system.