Ali Hassan al-Majid
Al-Anfal is the eighth sura, or chapter, of the Qur'an. It explains the triumph of 313 followers of the new Muslim faith over almost 900 pagans at the Battle of Badr in 624 AD. "Al Anfal" literally means "the spoils (of war)" and was used to describe the military campaign of extermination and looting commanded by Ali Hassan al-Majid. His orders informed "jash" (Kurdish collaborators with the Baathists, literally "donkey's foal" in Kurdish) units that taking cattle, sheep, goats, money, weapons and even women was legal.