Ibn Tufail
The plot of "Theologus Autodidactus" was intended to be a response to Ibn Tufail (Abubacer), who wrote the first Arabic novel "Hayy ibn Yaqdhan" ("Philosophus Autodidactus") which was itself a response to al-Ghazali's "The Incoherence of the Philosophers". Ibn al-Nafis thus wrote the narrative of "Theologus Autodidactus" as a rebuttal of Abubacer's arguments in "Philosophus Autodidactus".