Japanese books
Although Daehanjiji garnered praise as a pioneering Western-style textbook in late Joseon dynasty, it was criticized for its overt dependence on Japanese geographies. It had borrowed heavily from the Japanese sources in its overview, format, and content material, and its longitude-latitude co-ordinates were literally translated from the Japanese books rather than taking Korean measurements conducted by the Korean government. The so-called four limits of the Korean peninsula, including the eastern limit ~~ that has drawn heavy criticism, have been identified in such prior Japanese geographies as follows.