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RoX RNA is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) present in the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex and is required for sex dosage compensation in "Drosophila". As males only contain one X chromosome, male flies dosage compensate for the X chromosome by hyper-transcribing the X chromosome. This is achieved by the MSL complex binding to the X chromosome and inducing histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation and allows for the formation of euchromatin. These ncRNAs were first discovered in RNA extracted from neuronal cells.