كربونات الكالسيوم
The rocks experience natural weathering, and vandalism and tourism accelerate this natural process. Lichen are luckily not an issue for these rocks because of the hot and arid climate in Arizona. Calcium carbonate does not affect the petroglyphs, although it has been found at the base of some rocks below the petroglyphs. It is suspected that the presence of calcium carbonate at the base of some rocks is caused by erosion from foot traffic in the site. In greater quantities, calcium carbonate would increase weathering and cause deterioration. While other sites are greatly affected by lichen and calcium carbonate, the weathering at this site is mainly a result of wind and water.