朗基努斯
Bernini and his assistants are likely to have produced many more preparatory designs. The German artist Joachim von Sandrart counted 22 small models for "Saint Longinus" when he visited Bernini's studio in 1635. Additionally, there are another set of eight drawings in the Düsseldorf Museum Kunstpalast. Once the model had been agreed by the relevant parties, Bernini set to work on the sculpture, taking three years to produce the final design.