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During the [[Peloponnesian War]] (431–404 BC), Samos took the side of [[Athens]] against [[Sparta]], providing their port to the Athenian [[Naval fleet|fleet]]. At the end of the Peloponnesian War, Samos appears as one of the most loyal dependencies of Athens, serving as a base for the naval war against the Peloponnesians and as a temporary home of the Athenian democracy during the [[revolution of the Four Hundred]] at Athens (411 BC), and in the last stage of the war was rewarded with the Athenian franchise. This friendly attitude towards Athens was the result of a series of political revolutions, which ended in the establishment of a democracy. After the downfall of Athens, Samos was besieged by [[Lysander]] and again placed under an oligarchy.