Zhang Song
Zhang Su (張肅), Zhang Song's brother, discovered his brother's secret communications with Liu Bei and reported the issue to Liu Zhang. Liu Zhang was furious and stunned when he heard that Zhang Song had been helping Liu Bei to plot against him—he executed Zhang Song and ordered his military officers guarding the passes to Chengdu to keep secret his knowledge of Liu Bei's intention. Despite Liu Zhang's efforts, Liu Bei still found out from the spies he planted around Liu Zhang. Before Liu Zhang's men could reach Yang Huai (楊懷) and Gao Pei (高沛), the military officers guarding Boshui Pass, Liu Bei summoned and killed them on the excuse that they were disrespectful towards him. Liu Bei then took over their troops and turned to attack Fu County (涪縣; in present-day Fuling District, Chongqing). On his way, Liu Bei's troops bypassed Zitong Commandery, where the defenders closed the gates and resisted the invasion.