Essam Sharaf
In 2007, he co-founded the liberal Democratic Front Party. On 29 January 2011, interim Prime Minister Ahmed Shafik made him his deputy. El-Gamal kept his office when Essam Sharaf succeeded Shafik as prime minister on 3 March, and he was sworn in on 7 March. In late June he handed in his resignation, but head of state Mohamed Hussein Tantawi asked him to carry on with his duties. After massive new protests on Tahrir Square in Cairo, El-Gamal resigned on 12 July 2011.