Cui Shi
Handbooks, guides, manuals, and treatises for various subjects were written in the Han. The Western Han "Book of Fan Shengzhi" ("Fan Shengzhi shu") written during Emperor Cheng's reign is one of two manuals on agricultural techniques and processes that have survived from the Han. The other is the Eastern Han "Monthly Instructions for the Four Classes of People" ("Simin yueling" 四民月令) written by Cui Shi (催寔) (d. 170 CE). Mathematical treatises included the "Book on Numbers and Computation" ("Suan shu shu") "The Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven" ("Zhoubi Suanjing"), and the "Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art" ("Jiuzhang Suanshu"). There were also works on astronomy, such as the "Miscellaneous Readings of Cosmic Patterns and Pneuma Images" ("Tianwen qixiang zazhan" 天文氣象雜占) from the 2nd-century-BCE Mawangdui Silk Texts and Zhang Heng's (78–139 CE) "Spiritual Constitution of the Universe" ("Lingxian" 靈憲) published in 120 CE.