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Hélène Sparrow (5 June 1891 - 13 November 1970), was a Polish medical doctor and bacteriologist. She is best known for her work on the control of many epidemics including: Typhoid fever, Cholera, Dysentery, and Smallpox.Throughought the 1920s, Sparrow worked with the Polish Armed Forces at the State Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw. While at the State Institute of Hygiene, she worked vigilantly to produce the first vaccine against Typhus and ran several large-scale vaccination campaigns to control the spread of Diphtheria and Scarlet fever all along the eastern frontiers of Poland. In 1933, Sparrow began to study flea-borne and louse-borne Rickettsia diseases in Tunis, where she became the head of her own department at the Pasteur Institute. In her later years, she expanded her studies to include Mexico and Guatemala. While in Mexico and Guatemala, Sparrow developed a protective vaccine against typhus. She contributed a great amount of research to the World Health Organization on relapsing fever specifically in Ethiopia.