国粋主義
In 1995, the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture published "Rude Awakenings. Zen, the Kyoto School, and the question of nationalism", which "examines the relationship between Japanese nationalism and intellectuals in the Kyoto school and the world of Zen." It places the development of the Kyoto school, and its alleged support for the Japanese militarism, in the larger context of the Meiji-restoration.