Rusyn language
The Russophile tradition persisted in the portions of Galicia west of the Dukla Pass, resulting in the formation of the Lemko-Rusyn Republic. Metodyj Trochanovskij continued to espouse the Rusyn national identity, up to the start of World War II. Karpatska Rus', a Rusyn language newspaper published in the United States avoided any suggestion that the Lemkos were a branch of the Ukrainians.