カール・メンガー
In 1871 Austrian School economist Carl Menger (1840–1921) restated the basic principles of marginal utility in "Grundsätze der Volkswirtschaftslehre" ("Principles of Economics"): Consumers act rationally by seeking to maximize satisfaction of all their preferences; people allocate their spending so that the last unit of a commodity bought creates no more satisfaction than a last unit bought of something else.