Mạc dynasty
[[Trịnh Tùng]] succeed his father in 1570, established the [[Trịnh lords]] and launched a large-scale offensive against the Mạc army in January 1592. Unable to resist the forces of the Lê royalists, in December 1592 the Mạc dynasty retreated to the north and established a new capital at [[Cao Bằng Province]] allying with the [[Ming dynasty]] of [[China]] as a tributary nation against the Lê dynasty.