麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布
The distribution is seen to be the product of three independent normally distributed variables formula_62, formula_63, and formula_64, with variance formula_65. Additionally, it can be seen that the magnitude of momentum will be distributed as a Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, with formula_66. The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution for the momentum (or equally for the velocities) can be obtained more fundamentally using the H-theorem at equilibrium within the Kinetic theory of gases framework.