Four Seas
Located in the cardinal directions of "tianxia" were the "sìfāng" "Four Directions/Corners", "sì tǔ" "Four Lands/Regions", "sì hǎi" "Four Seas", and "Four Barbarians" "Four Barbarians/Foreigners". The (c. 3rd century BCE) "Erya" (Chapter 9), defines "Sìhǎi" as " the place where the barbarians lived, hence by extension, the barbarians": "九夷, 八狄,七戎, 六蠻, 謂之四海" – "the nine Yí, eight Dí, seven Róng, and six Mán are called the four seas".