Armillaria mellea
Found largely in temperate and tropical climates, currently there are more than 81 known species of bioluminescent fungi, all of which are members of the order Agaricales (Basidiomycota) with one exceptional ascomycete belonging to the order Xylariales. All known bioluminescent Agaricales are mushroom-forming, white-spored agarics that belong to four distinct evolutionary lineages. The Omphalotus lineage (comprising the genera Omphalotus and "Neonothopanus") contains 12 species, the "Armillaria" lineage has 10 known species, while the Mycenoid lineage ("Mycena", "Panellus", "Prunulus", "Roridomyces") has more than 50 species. The recently discovered Lucentipes lineage contains two species, "Mycena lucentipes" and "Gerronema viridilucens", which belong to a family that has not yet been formally named. "Armillaria mellea" is the most widely distributed of the luminescent fungi, found across Asia, Europe, North America, and South Africa.