Righteous Army
Hong was originally a hunter who lived in Korea during the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). In September 1907, Japan, as part of its colonial policies in Korea passed a law that required hunters to turn in their hunting guns. The intent was to weaken the Korean resistance. The law effectively ruined the ability of hunters to pursue their traditional livelihood, which resulted in further anger and resentment. Among the angered hunters was Hong. In response to the outlawing of hunters' guns, Hong organized a resistance force named the 1907 Righteous Army of Jeongmi. The Righteous Army carried out a number of battles against Japanese garrisons around the Bukcheong area, using hit-and-run attacks.