حي بن يقظان
By contrast, Ibn Tufail's "Hayy ibn Yaqdhan" and Ibn al-Nafis' "Theologus Autodidactus" are works of didactic philosophy and theology. In this sense, "Hayy ibn Yaqdhan" would be considered an early example of a philosophical novel, while "Theologus Autodidactus" would be considered an early theological novel. "Hayy ibn Yaqdhan", with its story of a human outcast surviving on an island, is also likely to have influenced Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" (1719), because the work was available in an English edition in 1711.