Ибн Хордадбех
Amongst the Berbers of Afrikiya, African Romance was linked to Christianity, which survived in North Africa until the 14th century. Spoken Latin or Romance is attested in Gabès by Ibn Khordadbeh; in Béja, Biskra, Tlemcen, and Niffis by al-Bakri; and in Gafsa and Monastir by al-Idrisi, who observes that the people in Gafsa "are Berberised, and most of them speak the African Latin tongue."