Acorus calamus
Polish anthropologist Sara Benetowa (also known as Sula Benet) argued that cannabis had been used in early Judaism, claiming in 1967 that the plant "kaneh bosem" (Hebrew: קְנֵה-בֹשֶׂם)mentioned five times in the Hebrew Bible, and used in the holy anointing oil of the Book of Exoduswas in fact cannabis. The lexicons of Hebrew and dictionaries of plants of the Bible such as by Michael Zohary (1985), Hans Arne Jensen (2004) and James A. Duke (2010) and others identify the plant in question as either "Acorus calamus" or "Cymbopogon citratus". Kneh-bossem is listed as an incense in the Old Testament.