蝦夷共和国
Following the Boshin War (1868–1869), the "bakufu" was abolished, and Keiki was reduced to the ranks of the common "daimyōs". Resistance continued in the North throughout 1868, and the "bakufu" naval forces under Admiral Enomoto Takeaki continued to hold out for another six months in Hokkaidō, where they founded the short-lived Republic of Ezo. This defiance ended in May 1869 at the Battle of Hakodate, after one month of fighting.