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Robert Taft Jr. was a founder and founding Selectman on the first Board of Selectmen, of the colonial town of Uxbridge, in Worcester County, Massachusetts. The town of Uxbridge was incorporated as a separate town from Mendon in 1727. Robert Taft Jr. was the first known elected political figure in the famous Taft family, a dynasty in American politics. A prominent citizen of Mendon and Uxbridge, Robert Taft Jr. died in Uxbridge, Worcester County, in 1748. His descendants number among well-known Americans and political figures, especially among the Taft family in Ohio. Robert Taft Jr.'s descendants include Royal Chapin Taft, Governor of Rhode Island, Ezra T. Benson, Utah Territorial Legislator and LDS Church Apostle, his great-grandson Ezra Taft Benson, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture and thirteenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and Kingsley Arter Taft, a U.S. Senator from Ohio and chief justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, among others.