エーリッヒ・フォン・マンシュタイン
Both Erich von Manstein and Ewald von Kleist demanded that their forces be allowed to pull back to more defensible positions, however, they were overruled by Hitler who ordered his armies to stand where they were. Despite Hitler's orders, German troops retreated anyway, often in direct disregard of orders or after submitting ﬁctitious reports to justify their actions.