甲必丹
Chinese official positions, under various different native titles, go back to the courts of precolonial states of Southeast Asia, such as the Sultanates of Malacca and Banten, and the Kingdom of Siam. With the consolidation of colonial rule, these became part of the civil bureaucracy in Portuguese, Dutch and British colonies, exercising both executive and judicial powers over local Chinese communities under the colonial authorities, examples being the title of "Chao Praya Chodeuk Rajasrethi" in Thailand's Chakri Dynasty, and "Sri Indra Perkasa Wijaya Bakti", the Malay court position of Kapitan Cina Yap Ah Loy, arguably the founder of modern Kuala Lumpur.