حسين بن علي الهاشمي
In 1908, The Young Turks took over the Ottoman Empire and the Sultan was not able to control it, and in 1909 when a counter-coup failed, The Young Turks took over the government and "secularized" the government. Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, was appointed by the previous Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and did not favor the Young Turks, his opposition to the empire grew over time, culminating to the Arab Revolt.