Der Untergang des Abendlandes
Aspects of Danilevsky's book prefigured some of the theories in Oswald Spengler's "The Decline of the West". Arnold J. Toynbee mentions them in "A Study of History". The Danilevsky hypothesis became the subject of much controversy and polarised its readers. On one hand, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Leo Tolstoy praised it, but on the other hand, Occidentalists, such as Nikolai Kareev, Pavel Milyukov (1859-1943) and Nikolai Mikhailovsky (1842-1904), strongly opposed it.