East Francia
The longer version of the "Annals of Salzburg" makes mention of a raid by the Magyars and the Kabars in East Francia in 881. According to Gyula Kristó and other historians, Svatopluk initiated this raid, because his relations with Arnulfthe son of Carloman, King of East Francia (r. 876–881), who administered the March of Pannoniabecame tense. Archbishop Theotmar of Salzburg clearly accused the Moravians of hiring "a large number of Hungarians" and sending them against East Francia at an unspecified date.