Amman Message
It differs from the predominant madhhabs of Sunni jurisprudence in its reliance on "ijtihad", as well as on matters of inheritance, religious taxes, commerce, personal status, and the allowing of temporary marriage or "mutʿa". Since 1959, Jaʿfari jurisprudence has been afforded the status of "fifth school" along with the four Sunni schools by Azhar University. In addition, it is one of the eight recognized "madhhabs" listed in the Amman Message of 2004 by the Jordanian monarch, and since endorsed by Sadiq al-Mahdi, former Prime Minister of Sudan.