Institute of Pacific Relations
He was labeled as pro-communist by University of Washington China scholar Karl A. Wittfogel during Wittfogel's testimony against Owen Lattimore before the Tydings Committee. The next year he was called before the McCarran Committee to testify about his involvement with the Institute of Pacific Relations, which was being investigated as a pro-communist organization. He refused to cooperate with the Committee, invoking his Fifth Amendment rights, and refused to discuss the beliefs and political affiliations of his colleagues at the Institute of Pacific Relations.