Anglo-Maratha Wars
The Company's victory under Robert Clive in the 1757 Battle of Plassey and another victory in the 1764 Battle of Buxar (in Bihar), consolidated the Company's power, and forced emperor Shah Alam II to appoint it the "diwan", or revenue collector, of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. The Company thus became the "de facto" ruler of large areas of the lower Gangetic plain by 1773. In 1793, the nizamat (local rule) was abolished by the Company. It took complete control of Bengal-Bihar region and the Nawabs stood as mere pensioners of the Company. It also proceeded by degrees to expand its dominions around Bombay and Madras. The Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–99) and the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) left it in control of large areas of India south of the Sutlej River. With the defeat of the Marathas, no native power represented a threat for the Company any longer.