Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine
The Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine (), also known as the Black Army, or as Makhnovtsi (), after their leader Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian communes in the Free Territory, an attempt to form a stateless libertarian communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence. They were founded and inspired based off the Black Guards.