Kapitan Cina
The Dutch East Indies colonial had a constitutional law recognized three categories of individuals in Batavia (and then later applied to other places): Europeans (dutch: "Europeanen"), Foreign Oriental ("Vreemde Oosterlingen"), and natives ("Inlanders"). As more and more immigrants immigrated from Hadramaut, The Dutch government started a law called "wijkenstelsel" in 1844 to segregate them from the rest of indigenous people. As result, the government required a head of the group, called "Kapitan Arab," to be pointed from among the Arab community as a point of contact and liaison. The similar position was appointed for Kapitan Cina to Chinese. More than half of the Kapitan Arab appointed by the colonial government were non Sayyid people. This decision was made to undermine traditional Hadhrami assumption about their social status. The head sometimes is accompanied with an assistant called "Luitenant van de Kapitein der Arabieren" or simply "Liutenant der Arabieren".