أدب الجريمة
Early examples of the foreshadowing technique of repetitive designation, now known as "Chekhov's gun", occur in the "One Thousand and One Nights", which contains "repeated references to some character or object which appears insignificant when first mentioned but which reappears later to intrude suddenly in the narrative." A notable example is in the tale of "The Three Apples" (see Crime fiction elements below).