Ailanthus altissima
The plant is pollinated by the grizzled skipper ("Pyrgus wyandot"), a species of butterfly which is declining in numbers. Its decline in some areas has been attributed to the use of the pesticide Dimilin to control gypsy moth ("Limantria dispar"). Other threats to the species are loss of shale barren habitat to the construction of railroads, hiking trails, and a dam. Many populations are heavily browsed by deer. It is not a successful competitor against introduced species such as barren brome ("Bromus sterilis") and tree of heaven ("Ailanthus altissima").