Workers' Defence Committee
He is a graduate of University of Warsaw (social sciences). After this he became prominent member of independent scouting movement, Workers' Defence Committee and later Solidarity. He was one of the leaders of independence movement during the communist time in Poland. From September 1980 he was a secretary of the Inter-Enterprise Strike Committee in Gdansk, and then head of the cabinet for the Chairman of Solidarity Lech Wałęsa. Arrested after declaration of martial law in Poland on 13 Debcember 1981; he was incarcerated for 12 months until 7 December 1982. In years 1983-1989 he was a close advisor to Lech Wałęsa.