University of the Ryukyus
In 2002, scholars of constitutional law, politics and public policy at the University of the Ryukyus and Okinawa International University founded a project "Study Group on Okinawa Self-governance" ("Okinawa jichi kenkyu kai" or "Jichiken"), which published a booklet ("Okinawa as a self-governing region: What do you think?") and held many seminars. It posited three basic paths; 1) leveraging Article 95 and exploring the possibilities of decentralization 2) seeking formal autonomy with the right to diplomatic relations 3) full independence.