Duchy of Nysa
During much of the Middle Ages Wrocław was ruled by its dukes of the Silesian Piast dynasty. Although the city was not part of the Duchy's principality, its bishop was known as the prince-bishop ever since Bishop Przecław of Pogorzela (1341–1376) bought the Duchy of Grodków from Duke Bolesław III the Generous and added it to the episcopal Duchy of Nysa, after which the Bishops of Wrocław had the titles of Prince of Nysa and Dukes of Grodków, taking precedence over the other Silesian rulers.