治安維持法
Kōtoku endeavoured to translate an American anarcho-syndicalist pamphlet titled "The Social General Strike". Unions were banned due to the 1900 Peace Preservation Law, however, and much anarchist discussion, particularly surrounding unions, was highly theoretical rather than practical. The goal of a revolutionary general strike learned from the syndicalist IWW was frustrated both by a failure to organise workers and by the suppression of labour movements.