Sous-secrétaire d'État parlementaire
His previous positions include: Minister of state, Home Office (1992–1994), Parliamentary Under Secretary of State, Home Office (1989–1992), Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Department of Social Security (1988–1989), Government whip (1984–1988), PPS to Sir Keith Joseph (1983–1984), PPS to Adam Butler (1981–1982)