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Hearing loss in neonates is the most common congenital sensory disorder, and can be caused by a variety of reasons. Research has placed the prevalence of significant permanent hearing loss in neonates at 1–2 per 1000 live births in the United States. With this screening, many forms of congenital hearing loss can be detected. Congenital hearing loss can be due to genetic causes, environmental exposures during pregnancy, or health complications shortly after birth.