Barbary sheep
The ecoregion supports, or supported, populations of several important Saharan large mammals. One, the scimitar-horned oryx "Oryx dammah" is now believed to be extinct in the wild, while the addax "Addax nasomaculatus" is critically endangered. Other species include dorcas gazelle "Gazella dorcas" which is assessed as vulnerable, dama gazelle "Nanger dama" which is endangered, Barbary sheep "Ammotragus lervia" which is vulnerable and cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" which is vulnerable. In 2000 Barbary sheep and dama gaxelle were recorded in the Jebel Uweinat portion of the ecoregion.