Radicaux indépendants
The members of four generations of the national elite known as 'Parisians' played an important role in the political life of modern Serbia. Liberals, Progressives, Radicals and Independent Radicals pursued and shaped modern political principles and values in 19th century Serbia. Implementing and creatively adapting French models and doctrines, and the 'Parisians' contributed to the democratization and Europeanization of Serbia and the eminent place the French influence had in her politics and culture before the WWI. Also, a number of notable Serb painters were educated and worked in France, mostly Paris. French was the second language in schools during the whole interwar period, and it was studied as the second language in Kingdom of Serbia.