Lai Châu
In 1948, the French colonial administration declared the Tai Federation (, native name: "Phen Din Tai", ; by that time consisting of 19 Tai states in then three Vietnamese provinces of Lai Châu, Sơn La and Phong Thổ) to be an independent component of the French Union. It had its own flag, constitution and parliament. Đèo Văn Long was appointed president for life and Lai Châu was chosen as the capital.