European stonechat
In the past, the European stonechat was generally considered conspecific with the Siberian stonechat and African stonechat, lumped together as common stonechat "S. torquatus". A 2002 study using mtDNA cytochrome "b" sequences and nuclear DNA microsatellite fingerprinting evidence strongly supported their separation into distinct species. Due to a misunderstanding of the rules of Zoological nomenclature, for a short time the name "S. torquatus" was erroneously used for the European stonechat rather than the African stonechat.