Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
The city was lost by the Byzantines in the 7th century when the Arabs won the final victory at the Battle of Yarmouk in the year 636. In the eighth century, the Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (r. 724–743) made the city his favoured residence, and built several palaces around it. The city was finally abandoned in the 13th century when the Mongols and Turks invaded the area.