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The Firth of Clyde in South West Scotland, an area of 3650 square miles, is the most southerly fjord in the northern hemisphere and extends over 100 km into Scotland's west coast. Once comprising a highly diverse and rich ecosystem the Firth of Clyde marine environment has seen dramatic alterations throughout the last 200 years. During the 19th century, diverse mixed fisheries existed in the Firth of Clyde for herring ("Clupea harengus"), cod ("Gadus morhua"), haddock ("Melanogrammus aeglefinus"), turbot ("Psetta maxima") and a variety of other species.