Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
According to the "Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary" (1890–1906), the family attained to the dignity of princes of the 3rd rank when the Georgian crown prince David (1767–1819) married Helene (1770–1836), daughter of the priest Simon Abamelik, in 1800. The family was officially included in the List of Georgian Princes of the Russian Empire in 1850.