Zhang Binglin
Wu Jingheng (who had developed a "beansprout alphabet") and Wang Zhao () (who had developed a Mandarin alphabet, Guanhua Zimu, in 1900) and Lu Zhuangzhang were part of the Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation (1912–1913), which developed the rudimentary Jiyin Zimu () system of Zhang Binglin into the Mandarin-specific phonetic system now known as Zhuyin Fuhao or Bopomofo, which was eventually proclaimed on 23 November 1918.