Saigō Takamori
During the Satsuma Rebellion, he was placed in command of all Imperial troops in September 1877 at the final Battle of Shiroyama near Kumamoto, when Saigō Takamori was killed (or committed "seppuku"). This battle, Saigō's last stand against the Meiji government, was the historical basis for the 2003 film "The Last Samurai".