Spartacus League
Two of the most notable residents of Affaltrach were August Thalheimer and his sister Bertha, both were born in Affaltrach and had family there. August and Bertha were Communist activists during the first half of the 20th century. Bertha and August were first members of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and then were among the founders of the Spartacus League. Later on, while August became the main theorist of the Spartacus League and published several essays on Communism, he exiled to France and eventually to Cuba, where he died in 1948. Bertha stayed in Germany and served two years in prison since October 1917 due to her part in Anti-war demonstrations. During World War II she was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp in 1943 until she was released in 1945. She died in Stuttgart in 1959.