Chinese herbology
Ox bezoars (cow bezoars) are used in Chinese herbology, where they are called "niu-huang" (牛黃) or "calculus bovis". These are gallstones, or substitutes, from ox or cattle gall bladder bile. There are artificial calculus bovis used as substitutes. These are manufactured from cholic acid derived from bovine bile. In some products, they claim to remove toxins from the body.