Ahmad Abbas
This period saw the emergence of the Parallel Cinema movement, mainly led by Bengalis, which then accounted for a quarter of India's film output. The movement emphasised social realism. Early examples include "Dharti Ke Lal" (1946, Khwaja Ahmad Abbas), "Neecha Nagar" (1946, Chetan Anand), "Nagarik" (1952, Ritwik Ghatak) and "Do Bigha Zamin" (1953, Bimal Roy), laying the foundations for Indian neorealism and the Indian New Wave.