Open access
Open access is when academic research is made freely available for anyone to read and re-use. As with open access journals, there are different business models for funding open-access books, including publication charges, institutional support, library publishing, and consortium models. OECD Publishing uses a freemium model by making its books available online in HTML with the option to purchase a print copy. There is some evidence that making electronic editions of books open access can increase sales of the print edition.