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In 1946 he collaborated with the jazz musician Mezz Mezzrow in writing Mezzrow's autobiography, "Really the Blues". The book was a popular success, introducing the mass audience to aspects of black culture. It received a flattering notice in Billy Rose's syndicated column in October of that year and in 1947 Wolfe was hired as ghost writer for Billy Rose’s syndicated column. Wolfe worked on a further study of "negro" culture in America, which was never published, but excerpts were published in American magazines in 1949 and 1950, translated for Jean-Paul Sartre’s "Les Temps modernes" and quoted by Frantz Fanon.