Kawachi Province
According to the "Shoku Nihongi", the Izumi and Hine districts were separated from Kawachi Province on 23 April 716; moreover, on 8 May that same year, the Ōtori District was also separated from Kawachi, and the three districts constructed . The imperial villa of was in Izumi, and it seems that this has something to do with the unusual classification of : "Yoshino-gen" was the only other province with this designation. Afterwards, on 15 September 740, it was abolished and merged back into Kawachi province. On 30 May 757, it was re-established with a normal province designation .