Aceh Sultanate
Muslim Acehnese from the Aceh Sultanate performed suicide attacks known as "Parang-sabil" against Dutch invaders during the Aceh War. It was considered as part of personal jihad in the Islamic religion of the Acehnese. The Dutch called it "Atjèh-moord", ("Acehmord", "Aceh mord", "Aceh-mord") or (Aceh Pungo). The Acehnese work of literature, the "Hikayat Perang Sabil" provided the background and reasoning for the "Aceh-mord"- Acehnese suicide attacks upon the Dutch. The Indonesian translations of the Dutch terms are Aceh bodoh (Aceh pungo) or Aceh gila (Aceh mord).