Lê Duẩn
After the withdrawal of France Pham Hung was ordered in 1955 to Hanoi. In 1957 he became a member of the Politburo of the party. He was closely allied with Lê Duẩn who by early 1964 had become the effective leader of North Vietnam. Lê Duẩn and his supporters adopted a more belligerent approach to the armed struggle in South Vietnam in contrast to moderates such as Ho Chi Minh and Võ Nguyên Giáp.