L'homme armé
Yet another technique used to organize the multiple movements of a mass was canon. The earliest masses based entirely on canon are Johannes Ockeghem's "Missa prolationum", in which each movement is a prolation canon on a freely-composed tune, and the "Missa L'homme armé" of Guillaume Faugues, which is also entirely canonic but also uses the famous tune "L'homme armé" throughout. Pierre de La Rue wrote four separate canonic masses based on plainchant, and one of Josquin des Prez's mature masses, the "Missa Ad fugam", is entirely canonic and free of borrowed material.