商汤
The "Mencius" uses western "Xiyi" 西夷 four times (three contrasting with northern "Beidi" 北狄), eastern "Dongyi" 東夷 once, and "Yidi" 夷狄 once. Three repeated "Xiyi" occurrences (1B/11) describe Tang of Shang establishing the Shang Dynasty: "With this he gained the trust of the Empire, and when he marched on the east, the western barbarians complained, and when he marched on the south, the northern barbarians complained. They all said, 'Why does he not come to us first?'" "Dongyi" occurs in a claim (4B/1) that the legendary Chinese sages Shun and King Wen of Zhou were "Yi": "Mencius said, 'Shun was an Eastern barbarian; he was born in Chu Feng, moved to Fu Hsia, and died in Ming T'iao. Ken Wen was a Western barbarian; he was born in Ch'i Chou and died in Pi Ying." "Yidi" occurs in context (3B/9) with the Duke of Zhou, "In ancient times, Yu controlled the Flood and brought peace to the Empire; the Duke of Chou subjugated the northern and southern barbarians, drove away the wild animals, and brought security to the people."