Pinus pinaster
One of the earliest sources of turpentine was the terebinth or turpentine tree ("Pistacia terebinthus"), a Mediterranean tree related to the pistachio. Important pines for turpentine production include: maritime pine ("Pinus pinaster"), Aleppo pine ("Pinus halepensis"), Masson's pine ("Pinus massoniana"), Sumatran pine ("Pinus merkusii"), longleaf pine ("Pinus palustris"), loblolly pine ("Pinus taeda") and ponderosa pine ("Pinus ponderosa").