Commissaire de police
Some cities use the police commissionerate system (like Kolkata, Bidhannagar Police Commissionerate, Mumbai, Delhi, Pune etc.), headed by a police commissioner. Demand for this system is increasing as it gives police a free hand to act freely and take control of any situation. 68 large cities and suburban areas currently have this system in India. Even in British Raj, the presidency towns of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras had commissionerate system. Reporting to the Police Commissioner (CP) are the Joint Police Commissioner (Joint CPs), Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCPs) and Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACPs). Commissioners of police and their deputies are empowered as executive magistrates to enforce Section 144 of the CrPC and issue arms licenses. Police commissionerates are subordinate to the state police except for the Kolkata Police Force, which independently reports to the Department of Home of Government of West Bengal.