Nuphar lutea
Accurately placing "Nuphar" and its sister species in the "Nymphaeaceae" family on the “Tree of Life” will also be a necessary step in sorting out taxonomic confusion that existed long before Linnaeus and Smith first distinguished and described this species within its plant family. The list of research articles using DNA barcoding to accurately plot "Nuphar lutea" on its phylogenetic tree (phylogram) is a long one. The phylogram included here depicts "Nuphar lutea" as a basal species in its branch of “the "Nympheales" group.” The following quote from "Towards a Complete Species Tree of Nymphaea" puts the need for continuing research in proper perspective: