Emperor Gaozu of Han
The kingdom was created in 203 BC and granted to Zhang Er (張耳), a follower of Emperor Gaozu of Han. The kingdom covered five Qin-era commanderies, including Handan (邯鄲), Julu (鉅鹿), Qinghe (清河), Hejian (河間) and Changshan (常山). In 199 BC, however, because of an failed assassination attempt on the emperor by several of his ministers, Zhang Ao, son of Zhang Er, was demoted to marquess and this kingdom became extinct.