デュッセルドルフ美術アカデミー
Born in Schmiedeberg im Riesengebirge (now Kowary), Silesia (then Prussia, now Poland), he graduated from a gymnasium of Hirschberg, and studied at Berlin University of the Arts ("Universität der Künste Berlin") and Kunstakademie Düsseldorf ("Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf").