Erich Ludendorff
Prittwitz's panic affected Moltke, who feared that Berlin itself could now be threatened by the advancing Russians. On 21 August, Moltke decided to replace Prittwitz, and his chief of staff Waldersee. Paul von Hindenburg, and Erich Ludendorff, assumed their roles on 22 August. Prittwitz became the first army commander to be dismissed in WWI.