庫爾德語
Kurmanji (, meaning "Kurdish"), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northern dialect of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish, and is a native language to some non-Kurdish minorities in Kurdistan as well, including Assyrians/Syriacs, Armenians, Chechens, Circassians, and Bulgarians.