تاريخ إسبانيا
A Spain holding all of the Iberian Peninsula became a topic in Spanish nationalism beginning in the 19th century, with proponents idealizing historical Roman Hispania when all of the Iberian Peninsula was united under the same rule. The concept of Spain as a cultural and political unit had been developed centuries earlier with the publishing of Father Mariana's "History of Spain" (1598) in which Mariana supported a Hispanic identity.