Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
St. Maurice began being portrayed as a dark-complexioned African in the 12th century. The oldest surviving image that depicts Saint Maurice as a [[black African]] in knight's armor was sculpted in mid-13th century for Magdeburg Cathedral; there it is displayed next to the grave of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor. Jean Devisse, "The Image of the Black in Western Art", laid out the documentary sources for the saint's popularity and documented it with illustrative examples.