Avar Khaganate
After the Western Roman Empire collapsed in the 5th century AD under the stress of the migration of Germanic tribes and Carpian pressure, the Migration Period continued to bring many invaders into central Europe, beginning with the Hunnic Empire (c. 370–469). After the disintegration of Hunnic rule, the Ostrogoths, who had been vassalized by the Huns, established their own Ostrogothic Kingdom. Other groups which reached the Carpathian Basin in the Migration Period were the Gepids, Lombards and Slavs. In the 560s, the Avars founded the Avar Khaganate, a state that maintained supremacy in the region for more than two centuries and had the military power to launch attacks against its neighboring empires. The Avar Khaganate was weakened by constant wars and outside pressure, and the Franks under Charlemagne defeated the Avars in a series of campaigns during the 790s. By the mid-9th century, the Balaton Principality, also known as Lower Pannonia, was established as a Frankish march.