Guns, Germs, and Steel
Deutsch criticizes Jared Diamond's resource luck theories as to why the West came to dominate the other continents outlined in his book "Guns, Germs, and Steel". For Deutsch, the sustained creation of knowledge could have arisen anywhere and led to a beginning of infinity; it just happened to arise in Europe first. Deutsch extols the philosophical concept of optimism, where although problems are inevitable, solutions will always exist provided the right knowledge is sought out and acquired.