Kanonisches Recht
The academic degrees in canon law are the J.C.B. ("Iuris Canonici Baccalaureatus", Bachelor of Canon Law, normally taken as a graduate degree), J.C.L. ("Iuris Canonici Licentiatus", Licentiate of Canon Law) and the J.C.D. ("Iuris Canonici Doctor", Doctor of Canon Law), and those with a J.C.L. or higher are usually called "canonists" or "canon lawyers". Because of its specialized nature, advanced degrees in civil law or theology are normal prerequisites for the study of canon law. Canon law as a field is called Canonistics.