Old Japanese
While most scholars interpret 邪馬臺 as a transcription of pre-Old Japanese "yamatai", Miyake (2003:41) cites Alexander Vovin that Late Old Chinese "ʑ(h)a maaʳq dhəə" 邪馬臺 represents a pre-Old Japanese form of Old Japanese "yamato2" (*"yamatə"). Tōdō Akiyasu reconstructs two pronunciations for 䑓 – "dai" &lt; Middle "dǝi" &lt; Old *"dǝg" and "yi" &lt; "yiei" &lt; *"d̥iǝg" – and reads 邪馬臺 as "Yamaikoku".