Islam in China
Ma Fuxiang took a stance against religious sectarianism and the menhuan (Islamic sects in China) since he believed that it was the cause of violence, and in order to keep positive Han and Hui relations . He promoted education for Muslims instead of backing certain sects and Imams, and also studied Confucianism, and republished Islamic texts and translations. Ma supported strengthening China and promoting unity between different sects of Islam in China, which Imams like Hu Songshan advocated.