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Like other toucans, the white-throated toucan is brightly marked and has a huge bill. It has a total length of . Body weight is somewhat variable, ranging in adult birds from . The male averages slightly larger, at a mass of , while the female averages . Among standard measurements, the wing chord is , the bill is , the tail is , and the tarsus is . The only species of toucan that surpasses the white-throated in size is the toco toucan.