Kenilworth Castle

Kenilworth Castle er et slot i byen Kenilworth i Warwickshire i England. Det blev opført og udbygget fra den normanniske erobring af England til tudortiden og er beskrevet som det "bedste bevarede eksempel på et semi-royalt slot fra senmiddelalderen i udstrækning, form og kvalitet". Kenilworth Castle har spillet en vigtig historisk rolle: I 1266 var det udsat for en seks måneder lang belejring. Det er sandsynligvis den længste belejring i Englands historie. Det var base for Huset Lancaster under rosekrigene. På Kenilworth blev Edvard 2. fjernet fra tronen, franskmændene i 1414 fornærmerede Henrik 5. (hvilket ifølge John Strecche var med til at udløse slaget ved Agincourt) og hvor jarlen af Leicesters modtog Elizabeth 1. overstrømmende i 1575.

Borgen blev grundlagt i 1120'erne omkring et normannisk keep, og den blev udvidet markant af kong John i begyndelsen af 1200-tallet. Der blev etableret store forsvarsværker med voldgrave ved inddæmning af vandløb. Det gjorde, at fæstningen kunne modstå angreb fra land og vand i 1266. Johan af Gent brugte formuer på at forbedre fæstningen i slutningen af 1300-tallet, hvor han omdannede middelalderborgen til et befæstet slot i gotisk stil. Jarlen af Leicester udvidede slottet i Tudorstil og brugte det middelalderlige grundlag til et fashionabelt renæssancepalads.

Kenilworth blev ødelagt af rundhovederne i 1649 under den engelske borgerkrig. Kun to af bygningerne var nu beboelige. Slottet blev en turistattraktion fra 1700-tallet, og i viktoriatiden blev det berømte pga. Walter Scotts roman Kenilworth fra 1826. English Heritage har drevet slottet siden 1984. Slottet er en listed building af første grad og et Scheduled monument. Det er åbent for publikum.

Referencer

Litteratur 
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 Hughes, Ann. (2002) Politics, Society and Civil War in Warwickshire, 1620–1660. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. .
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 Hull, Lise E. and Whitehorne, Stephen. (2008) Great Castles of Britain & Ireland. London: New Holland Publishers. .
 Hull, Lise E. (2009) Understanding the Castle Ruins of England and Wales: How to Interpret the History and Meaning of Masonry and Earthworks. Jefferson, US: MacFarland. .
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 Johnson, Matthew. (2000) "Self-Made Men and the Staging of Agency," in Dobres and Robb (eds) 2000.
 Johnson, Matthew. (2002) Behind the Castle Gate: From Medieval to Renaissance. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. .
 MacDougal, Elisabeth B. (ed) (1986) Medieval Gardens. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks. .
 Morris, Richard K. (2007) "A Plan for Kenilworth Castle at Longleat," English Heritage Historical Review, 2 (2007).
 Morris, Richard K. (2010) Kenilworth Castle. (Second edition) London: English Heritage. .
 Mortimer, Ian. (2006) The Perfect King: The Life of Edward III, Father of the English Nation. London: Vintage Press. .
 Pettifer, Adrian. (1995) English Castles: A Guide by Counties. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. .
 Platt, Colin. (1994) Medieval England: A Social History and Archaeology from the Conquest to 1600 AD. London: Routledge. .
 Pounds, Norman John Greville. (1990) The Medieval Castle in England and Wales: a Social and Political history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. .
 Prestwich, Michael. (1988) Edward I. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. .
 Roberts, Keith and John Tincey. (2001) Edgehill 1642: First Battle of the English Civil War. Botley, UK: Osprey. .
 Sharpe, Henry. (1825) Concise History and Description of Kenilworth Castle: From its Foundation to the Present Time, 16th edition. Warwick: Sharpe. OCLC 54148330.
 Shaw, Harry E. (1983) The Forms of Historical Fiction: Sir Walter Scott and his successors. New York: Cornell University Press. .
 Singman, Jeffrey L. (1995) Daily life in Elizabethan England. Westport, US: Greenwood Press. 
 Smith, Bill. (2005) Armstrong Siddeley Motors: The Cars, the Company and the People in Definitive Detail. Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. .
 Stephen, Leslie. (ed) 1887 The Dictionary of National Biography : From the Earliest Times to 1900: Volume 9, Canute - Chaloner. London, UK: Smith, Elder and Co. OCLC 163195750.
 Stokstad, Marilyn. (2005) Medieval Castles. Westport, US: Greenwood Press. .
 Thompson, M. W. (1965) "Two levels of the mere at Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire,"  in The Society of Medieval Archaeology Journal, 9 (1965).
 Thompson, M. W. (1977) "Three Stages in the Construction of the Hall at Kenilworth Castle," in Apted, Gilyard-Beer and Saunders (eds) 1977.
 Thompson, M. W. (1991) The Rise of the Castle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. .
 Walsingham, Thomas, David Preest and James Clark. (2005) The Chronica Maiora of Thomas Walsingham, 1376–1422. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. .
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Eksterne henvisninger 

 English Heritage Visitor Information
 Gatehouse Gazeteer bibliography for Kenilworth Castle

Slotte i Warwickshire
Borgruiner i Storbritannien