1503_651674.pdf — page 2

Chen et al.: Metallogenic setting and material source of Caihong copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposit 
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APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 15(3): 651-674. 
http://www.aloki.hu ● ISSN 1589 1623 (Print) ● ISSN 1785 0037 (Online) 
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1503_651674 
 2017, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary 
lamellar ore samples. In order to understand the genesis of Caihong deposit better, there 
are two key problems need to be confirmed: tectonic-magmatic events and ore-forming 
material source in two mineralization stages. This paper discussed the above two 
problems through the geochemistry and volcanic eruption chronology of ore-bearing 
wall rock, and the rare earth elements, H-O-S isotope and fluid inclusion components of 
two types of ore, and based on the careful investigation for the geologic features of 
Caihong deposit, to provide evidences for the genesis of Caihong deposit. 
Geological setting 
The geotectonic position of ore district is located in the south margin of Central Tianshan 
block, bounded by Kumux basin on the south (Fig. 1). Previous research results showed 
that the oceanic crust of South Tianshan began the subduction to the northern Central 
Tianshan block in the Middle-Late Silurian Middle Devonian (Yang and Wang, 2006; Zhu 
et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2007) which formed the huge thick island-arc volcano-
sedimentary rocks in the south margin of Kumux fault (Wu et al., 1992; Jiang et al., 1993; 
Shu et al., 2003). Lower Devonian Aerbishimaibulake formation was formed through the 
regional metamorphism of this rock series in the late period, mainly including various 
plagioclase schists, quartz-mica schist, calcareous schist, etc. The Mesoproterozoic 
Xingxingxia Group was widespread in the north of Kumux fault, which represented the 
crystalline basement of Central Tianshan block (Hu et al., 2006), while the basic and ultra-
basic rocks in the south of Kumux basin represented the residue of ophiolite suite after the 
South Tianshan Ocean was closed (Dong et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2006). In addition, a few 
stratums in the Lower-Middle Silurian, Lower Carboniferous were exposed in this region. 
Kumux NWW-plunging anticline was the major structure in this region, which was 
basically parallel to the trending of the Kumishi fault. The intermediate-acid rock masses 
formed by the subduction and collision orogeny of plates were exposed in Kumux-
Caihuagou line in strip and were emplaced along the axial region and both wings of Kumux 
anticline (Chen et al., 2013). 
Deposit geology 
Geologic background 
The stratums of Caihong ore district mainly include middle sub-formation (D1ab) 
and upper sub-formation (D1ac) of the Lower Devonian Aerbishimaibulake Formation 
(AF for short in Figure 2). Various quartz schists are formed in the stratums, which is 
affected by the regional metamorphism (Fig. 2a). Therein, the upper middle sub-
formation (D1ab-2) is distributed in the middle of the mining area, mainly including 
sericite-quartz schist with sericite-biotite-quartz schist and marble, of which ore body is 
mainly occurred in the sericite-quartz alteration zone in this stratum. The fault within 
ore district mainly contains two groups: near east-west direction and north-east direction, 
while the latter has certain dislocation to alteration zone and ore body. The output of 
intrusive rocks in ore district is mainly in the form of dyke, which include diorite vein, 
granite-aplite vein and so on. There is no rock mass exposing in ore district, however, 
Zhongbao granite body is located two kilometers far away from the north of ore district , 
whose main lithology is two-mica monzogranite . Skarnization occurs in contact zone of 
granite and calcareous host rock and forms the skarn type tungsten deposit.