စက်ခါရော့ဗ်ဆု

စက်ခါရော့ဗ် လွတ်လပ်စွာ စဉ်းစားတွေးခေါ်မှု ဆု(Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought) သည် ဆိုဗီယက်ပြည်ထောင်စုတွင် နေထိုင်သည့် သိပ္ပံပညာရှင် အန္ဒရေး စက်ခါရော့ဗ်၏ အမည်အား ဂုဏ်ပြုထားခြင်းဖြစ်ပြီး၊ ၁၉၈၈ ခုနှစ် ဒီဇင်ဘာလမှစတင်၍ ဥရောပသမဂ္ဂ မှ လူ့အခွင့်အရေး နှင့် လွတ်လပ်စွာတွေးခေါ်နိုင်ရန် အင်တိုက်အားတိုက် လုပ်ဆောင်ကြသည့် ပုဂ္ဂိုလ်များ၊ အဖွဲ့အစည်းများကို ဂုဏ်ပြုနိုင်ရန် ပေးအပ်သည့် ဆုဖြစ်သည်။ ဆုရရှိနိုင်သည့် အမည်များကို လျာထားပြီးနောက် ဥရောပသမဂ္ဂ နိုင်ငံခြားရေးရာ ကော်မတီ နှင့် တိုးတက်ဖွဲ့ဖြိုးရေး ကော်မတီတို့မှ နှစ်စဉ် အောက်တိုဘာလတွင် ဆုရရှိသူအမည်ကို ထုတ်ဖော်ကြေညာလေ့ရှိသည်။၂၀၁၀ခုနှစ်အရ၊ ဆု နှင့် ဆုကြေးတန်ဖိုးမှာ ယူရိုငွေ ၅၀ ၀၀၀ ဖြစ်သည်။ ဆုရရှိခဲ့သူများ right||Nelson Mandela was the inaugural winner of the prize, together with Anatoly Marchenko. YearRecipient Nationality NotesReference 1988 Anti-apartheid activist and later President of South Africa 1988 (posthumously) Soviet Union Soviet dissident, author and humans rights activist 1989 Czechoslovakia Slovak politician, attempted to reform the communist regime during the Prague Spring 1990 အောင်ဆန်းစုကြည် Opposition politician and a former General Secretary of the National League for Democracy 1991 Kosovo Politician and long-term political prisoner 1992 Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Association of Argentine mothers whose children disappeared during the Dirty War 1993 Oslobođenje Bosnia and Herzegovina Popular newspaper, continued to publish after its office building was destroyed in Sarajevo 1994 Bangladesh Ex-doctor, feminist author 1995 A female politician of Kurdish descent from Eastern Turkey, who was imprisoned for 10 years for speaking her native language of Kurdish in the Turkish Parliament 1996 An activist in the Chinese democracy movement 1997 Algeria Journalist and writer, an activist of women's rights, human rights and democracy in Algeria 1998 Kosovo Albanian politician, the first President of Kosovo 1999 East Timor Former militant who was the first President of East Timor 2000 Organisation uniting individuals of various political positions against terrorism 2001 Israel Peace activist 2001 Palestine Writer, arrested several times by Israeli authorities for "political activities" 2001 Angola Archbishop and peace activist 2002 Cuba Political activist and dissident 2003 (& United Nations) — Nobel Peace Prize recipient and seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations 2004 Belarusian Association of Journalists Belarus Non-governmental organisation "aiming to ensure freedom of speech and rights of receiving and distributing information and promoting professional standards of journalism" 2005 Ladies in White Cuba Opposition movement, relatives of jailed dissidents 2005 Reporters Without Borders — France-based non-governmental organisation advocating freedom of the press 2005 Nigeria Human rights lawyer 2006 Belarus Politician chosen by United Democratic Forces of Belarus as the joint candidate of the opposition in the presidential elections of 2006 2007 Sudan Human rights lawyer 2008 Activist and dissident 2009 Memorial Russia International civil rights and historical society 2010 Cuba Doctor, journalist and political dissident 2011 Asmaa Mahfouz, Ahmed al-Senussi, Razan Zaitouneh, Ali Farzat, Mohamed Bouazizi (posthumously) EgyptLibyaSyriaSyriaTunisia Five representatives of the Arab people, in recognition and support of their drive for freedom and human rights. ကိုးကား