Originally, the submarines were designated by hull numbers only. Names were later assigned to the four vessels retained by the Russian Navy, which were sponsored by either a city or company. The construction order for an additional vessel (hull number TK-210) was canceled and never completed. Only the first of these submarines to be constructed, the Dmitriy Donskoy, is still in active service with the Russian Navy, serving as a test platform for the Bulava (SS-NX-32) missile which is currently under development. The Arkhangelsk (TK-17) and Severstal (TK-20) remain commissioned, though not currently active with the Russian fleet. All the R-39 missiles have been retired. The Typhoons are slated to be replaced by the Borei class starting in 2010-11. In late December 2008, a senior Navy official announced that the two Typhoon-class submarines, the TK-17 and TK-20, that are in reserve would not be rearmed with the new Bulava SLBM missile system. They could however be modified to carry cruise missiles or to lay mines, or could be used in special operations. In late June 2009, the Navy Commander-in-Chief, Admiral Vladimir Vysotsky told reporters that the two submarines would be reserved for possible future repairs and modernization. In May 2010 the Navy Commander-in-Chief reported that Russia's Typhoon-class submarines would remain in service with the Navy until 2019. In September 2011, the Russian defense ministry decided to write off all Project 941 Akula nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines until 2014. The reason for decommission of the world's largest submarines are restrictions imposed on Russia by the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty and successful trials of new Borei-class submarine. However, according to other sources at the Russian defence ministry no such decision has been made and in that case the submarines would remain with the Russian Navy., Submarines TK-17 Arhangelsk and TK-20 Severstal will not be modernized as platforms for cruise missiles, but they will be kept in service with their previous armament, R-39 missiles. မူကွဲများ Typhoon-based cargo vessel The Submarine Cargo Vessel is a proposed idea by the Rubin Design Bureau where a Typhoon has its missile launchers removed and replaced with cargo holds. The projected cargo capacity of this configuration is . Units #Laid downLaunchedCommissionedStatusTK-208 Dmitriy DonskoyJune 30, 1976September 27, 1980December 29, 1981In service. Upgraded to project 941UM for use of Bulava missiles(1 launcher)TK-202April 22, 1978September 23, 1982December 28, 1983Withdrawn from active service in June 1999, scrapped 2003-2005TK-12,SimbirskApril 19, 1980December 17, 1983December 26, 1984Withdrawn from active service in 1996, scrapped 2006-2008TK-13February 23, 1982April 30, 1985December 26, 1985Withdrawn from active service in 1997, scrapped 2007-2009TK-17 ArkhangelskAugust 9, 1983December 12, 1986December 15, 1987Decommissioned in 2006TK-20 SeverstalAugust 27, 1985April 11, 1988December 19, 1989Decommissioned in 2004TK-21019861990 (scrapped on the ways) 834 TK 208 Dmitriy Donskoy Typhoon-#1 9 February 1982: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa), NOR. December 1982: Transferred from Severodvinsk to Zapadnaya Litsa. 1983-1984: Tests of D-19 missile complex. Commanders: A.V.Olkhovikov (1980–1984). 3 December 1986: Entered Navy Board of the Winners of the Socialist Competition. 18 January 1987: Entered MoD Board of Glory. 20 September 1989–1991: Repairs and refit at Sevmash to Project 941U. 1991 refit cancelled. 1996: Returned to 941U refit. 2002: Named Dmitriy Donskoy. 26 June 2002: End of refit. 30 June 2002: Start of testing. 26 July 2002: Entered sea trials, Re-entered fleet, without missile system. December 2003: Sea trials; refitted to carry a new Bulava missile system. New missile system expected to be operational by 2005. 9 October 2005: Successfully launched SS-NX-30 Bulava SLBM from surface. 21 December 2005: Successfully launched SS-NX-30 Bulava SLBM from submerged position on move. 7 September 2006: Test launch of the Bulava missile failed after several minutes in flight due to the problems in the flight control system. The missile fell into the sea about a minute after the launch. The sub was not affected and was returning to Severodvinsk base submerged. Later reports blamed the engine of the first stage for the failure. 25 October 2006: Test launch of the Bulava-M missile in the White Sea failed some 200 seconds after liftoff due to the apparent failure of the flight control system. 28 August 2008: Undergone successful testing at the Sevmash shipyard in Severodvinsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast. More than 170 men are currently working with the Dmitriy Donskoy, hundred of them employees at the Sevmash plant and 70 from other involved companies. 830 TK 17 Arkhangelsk Typhoon-#5 19 February 1988: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa) NOR. 8 January–9 November 2002: Refit at Sevmash. In July 2002, crew petitioned Main Navy Headquarters to adopt the name Arkhangel'sk (renamed on 18 November 2002). Commander: 2002-2003 V.Volkov. 17 February 2004: Took part in military exercises with President Vladimir Putin aboard. In reserve from 2004, will be brought back to service in 2012 according to the Russian navy web-site flot.com. TK 20 Severstal Typhoon-#6 28 February 1990: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa), NOR. 25 August 1996: Successfully launched SLBM November 1996: Successfully launched SLBM from North Pole. 24 July 1999: Took part in parade on Navy Day in Severomorsk, NOR. November–December 1999 - distant cruise. 2001: named to Severstal. June 2001–December 2002: Repairs at Sevmash. Commander: A.Bogachev (2001). In reserve from 2004, will be brought back to service in 2012 according to the Russian navy web-site flot.com. Satellite photos Two to four units (depending on the satellite map service you click) visible in the waters of the naval base/submarine manufacturing/scrap base of Severodvinsk, Russia Two side-by-side (TK-20 and TK-17) at One (TK-208) at (note the aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov, undergoing refurbishment for delivery to the Indian Navy as INS Vikramaditya, a few metres north and east of this submarine.) One to three units (depending on the satellite map service you click) visible in the waters of the Zapadnaya Litsa naval base on the Kola peninsula currently TK-17 at Media references Typhoon-class submarine, covered with ice Red October Probably the best-known fictional Typhoon-class submarine was the stealth equipped Red October, the subject of the Tom Clancy novel The Hunt for Red October and its 1990 movie adaptation, starring Sean Connery as the fictional Captain Marko Ramius. In the novel, Red October used a drive system consisting of long shafts cut through the hull containing impellers called a tunnel drive or "caterpillar drive." In the movie, the caterpillar drive was instead said to be a magnetohydrodynamic drive with no moving parts. In both the novel and the movie, the drive was said to be near-silent; this made the Red October a perfect platform for launching depressed-trajectory ballistic missiles at the United States. The movie features Red October as an upgraded Typhoon-class submarine with additional length and potentially a towed array sonar (the distinctive "bulb" seen on top of the rudder houses). The latter presumption is questionable as the existence of a functional towed array (thus functional passive sonar capability astern) would eliminate the need for the boat to clear its baffles by maneuvering (executing a "Crazy Ivan"); Though the baffle clearing maneuver might well have been employed per Soviet doctrine and sheer habit, the 688 (Los Angeles) class attack submarine USS Dallas (SSN-700) (close aboard in October's baffles) would have been almost surely counter detected by any functional towed array prior to intentionally cavitating. National Geographic In 2008 National Geographic released a documentary about the scrapping of one of the Typhoons in the series "Break It Down". This ship is TK-13, which was scrapped over the time period 2007-2009. See also Intercontinental ballistic missile Nuclear strategy Notes External links NATO Code Names for submarines and ships Video of the Typhoon in Drydock & on Sea Trials Federation of American Scientists: Typhoon Haze Gray Nuclear Notebook - Russian Nuclear Forces, 2005, The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March/April 2005. Rubin official site russianforces.org - Russian Navy globalsecurity.org Internal and external pictures from a Russian tourist Typhoon Class project details on Naval Technology Category:Submarine classes Category:Russian and Soviet navy submarine classes Category:Soviet inventions Category:Russian inventions။