John Wilmot, Ba tuoc thu 2 xu Rochester (1 thang 4 nam 1647 – 26 thang 7 nam 1680) – la nha tho trao phung, noi tieng voi loi song truy lac, ban than cua Charles II cua Anh.


Tieu su John Wilmot sinh o Ditchley, Oxfordshire trong mot gia đinh quy toc. Me ong, John St Anne, sau khi chong chet đa tai gia voi mot si quan hoang gia Henry Viscount Wilmot – cha cua John Wilmot. Nam 1652 Henry Wilmot đuoc phong Ba tuoc Rochester. Henry Wilmot mat nam 1658, tu đo John Wilmot tro thanh Ba tuoc Rochester.
John Wilmot hoc o Wadham College, rat gioi tieng Latin va Hy Lap va sau nay ong đa tro thanh mot dich gia noi tieng, dich cac tac pham cua Anacreon, Horace, Lucretius, Ovid, Seneca ra tieng Anh. Nam 1661, len 14 tuoi, John Wilmot nhan bang thac si Van chuong. Nam len 17 tuoi bat đau phuc vu trong trieu cua vua Charles II va rat đuoc cam tinh tu nhung quan chuc trong trieu. Ngay 26 thang 5 nam 1665 John Wilmot bat coc Elizabeth Malet va bi bat giam nhung sau đo vua Charles II ra lenh tha va chuyen ve lam si quan o ham đoi, tham gia vao tran đanh voi nguoi Ha Lan. Ngay 29 thang 1 nam 1667 John Wilmot ket hon voi Elizabeth Malet - nguoi ma ong đa tung bat coc vao nam 1665.
John Wilmot qua đoi ngay 26 thang 7 nam 1680 vi benh giang mai va mot so benh do cuoc song phong đang cua ong.


Tho ca John Wilmot coi viec lam tho chi la đe giai tri nhung tho ong lai rat đa dang ve the loai cung nhu noi dung. Mot trong nhung bai tho trao phung rat noi tieng cua ong viet ve vua Charles II duoi đay:

Va đay la cau tra loi cua Charles II:
"Su that đung la nhu vay, loi cua ta thi qua đung loi ta, nhung viec lam thi con o cac quan đai than" ("That is true; for my words are my own, but my actions are those of my ministers").
Nhung tac pham noi tieng nhat cua John Wilmot co the ke đen: Satyr Against Reason and Mankind (Trao phung chong lai Tri tue va Loai nguoi), The Imperfect Enjoyment (Khoai lac do dang), Love A Woman? You're an Ass! (Yeu phu nu u? Ban la con lua!), The Disabled Debauchee (Ke truy lac tat nguyen). John Wilmot co su anh huong sau rong trong van hoa đai chung.


Mot bai tho Chu thich Đoc them Edward Burns (dir.), Reading Rochester. Liverpool: UP, 1995.
Kirk Combe, A Martyr for Sin's: Critique of Polity, Sexuality, ans Society.: Associated University Presses, 1998.
David Farley-Hills, The Critical Heritage, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972.
——, Rochester's Poetry, Hyman, 1978.
Nicholas Fisher (dir.) That Second Bottle: Essays on John Wilmot, Earl of, UP, 2000.
Germaine Greer, John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, Horndon: Northcote House Publishers, 2000.
H. Dustin H. Satires against Man, 1973.
John F. Moehlmann, A Concordance to the Complete Poems of John Wilmot, Earl of, The Whitston Publishing Company, 1979.
Mark Notzon, Noise of Reason: Scepticism and the Art of John Wilmot, Eastern Press, 1992.
Vivian de Sola Pinto, Portrait of a Restoration Poet, The Bodley Head, 1935.
—— Enthusiast in Wit: A Portrait of John Wilmot Earl of 1647-1680, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1962.
Johannes Prinz, John Wilmot Earl of, His Life and Writings, Palestra, 154, Mayer & Muller, 1927.
Marianne Thormahlen, The Poems in Context, UP, 1993.
Jeremy Treglown (dir.), Spirit of Wit: Reconsiderations of John Wilmot, Hamdem: Archon Books, 1982.
David M. Vieth, Attribution in Restoration Poetry: A Study of John Wilmot's 'Poems' of 1680, Yale and UP, 1963.
—— John Wilmot, Earl of: Critical Essays, 1988.
—— and Dustin Griffin, John Wilmot and Court Poetry, 1988.


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