George Crowninshield Jr. (27 thang 5 nam 1766 - ngay 26 thang 11 nam 1817) la mot thuong nhan, nguoi choi du thuyen va chu tau nguoi My. Cung voi cha minh, ong van hanh doanh nghiep thuong mai quoc te George Crowninshield & Cac con (George Crowninshield & Sons). Doanh nghiep nay tham gia kinh doanh o Tay An, Au chau, An Đo va Trung Quoc. So huu chiec du thuyen đau tien cua nuoc My, ong chinh la nguoi choi du thuyen đau tien cua nuoc My.


Thuo nho Crowninshield sinh ra tai Salem, Massachusetts, ngay 27 thang 5 nam 1766. Ong la con cua George Crowninshield (1734-1815) va Mary (nhu danh Derby) Crowinshield (1737-1813), ket hon nam 1757. Crowninshield la nguoi lon nhat trong nam anh em. Cha va ong noi cua ong đeu la thuong gia, kinh doanh o Đong An Đo va Trung Quoc.


Su nghiep Crowninshield đa hoc o cac truong cong lap binh thuong cho đen khi ong muoi hai tuoi. Sau đo, ong hoc lai tau va đi bien lan đau tien trong vai tro nhu mot thu ky cua thuyen truong va ho tro chi huy mot con tau đen Tay An vao nam 1790. Nam 1794 ong chi huy tau Belisarius đen Đong An. Cong viec cua Crowninshield chu yeu la xay dung va trang bi cho cac tau cua gia đinh ong ta.
Cha cua ong la nguoi sang lap ra thuong hoi cua George Crowninshield & Sons. Thuong hoi đa tham gia vao buon ban voi Tay An, chau Au, An Đo va Trung Quoc. Ong đuoc nhan vao thuong hoi Salem cua cha ong vao nam 1801 va ngay lap tuc xay dung mot du thuyen nho đat ten la Jefferson. Đay la chiec du thuyen đau tien cua My. Crowninshield tro thanh nguoi choi du thuyen nguoi My đau tien. Ong tuan tra tren du thuyen trong nhieu nam nhu la du thuyen đau tien o Hoa Ky. Crowninshield đa tiep quan thuong hoi gia đinh sau cai chet cua cha ong nam 1815 va tro thanh mot thuong gia quoc te. Đieu nay lam giau cho ong ta va ong đa co rat nhieu thoi gian nhan roi vi đieu nay.


Ca nhan Nhung nguoi biet Crowninshield cho ong ta co tinh cach bat thuong, thuong bat đau voi thuc te ong ta la mot nguoi tao bao, manh me, lun. Ong cao 5,5 foot (1,7 m). Crowninshield mac quan ao xa xi va giay ong Hessen voi tua vang. Ong ta lo ra mot soi day va tren đau mot chiec mu da hai ly. Ong đuoc biet đen quanh Salem vi cac hoat đong ngoai khoa cua minh, chang han nhu đi xe ngua quanh thanh pho trong bo quan ao mau vang ruc ro. Ong tham gia cuu nguoi tu cac tau gap nan, vi muc đich ma ong ta duy tri mot chiec tau, la mot niem say me cua ong ta.
Crowninshield đa mua sam tat ca cac giay to can thiet tu Washington D.C. va thue chiec thuyen buom Henry bang chinh tien cua ong va cung voi mot thuy thu đoan đi thuyen đen Halifax đe mang ve cho Salem thi hai cua thuyen truong James Lawrence va trung uy Augustus Ludlow. Ho đa bi giet chet trong tran đanh USS Chesapeake cua tau HMS Shannon cua Anh vao ngay 1 thang 6 nam 1813. Thuy thu đoan la nguoi cua Hiep hoi Hang hai Salem. Thi hai đa đen Salem vao ngay 23 thang 8 nam 1813. Trong khi đo, cac cong viec chuan bi đuoc thuc hien cho mot đam tang chinh thuc co su tham du cua nhieu si quan cao cap cua Hai quan Hoa Ky va Pho Tong thong Hoa Ky.
Crowninshield noi tieng voi chiec du thuyen Cleopatra's Barge cua minh. Chiec du thuyen ra mat nam 1816, co noi that sang trong. Co nhieu tinh huong đang ngo lien quan đen kha nang Crowninshield va anh em cua ong cuu Napoleon Bonaparte khoi luu vong tren đao Saint Helena va đua ong ta tro lai My. No đuoc suy đoan boi tac gia Francis Boardman Crowninshield rang muc đich cua Cleopatra's Barge la nham cuu Napoleon, nhung đieu nay van chua đuoc chung minh ro rang.
Crowninshield chua bao gio lap gia đinh, nhung co mot con gai sinh nam 1811, Clarissa (đuoc goi la Clara), me la Elizabeth Rowell. Clara, sinh ra o Salem, la ban cua Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, nguoi coi co la em gai. Crowninshield đa đe lai mot khoan tien lon cho Clara va me co. Benjamin Ropes Nichols, mot luat su Salem, đa thong qua Clara ve cai chet cua Crowninshield. Clara đa đuoc gui đen mot chung vien nu o Hingham, Massachusetts. O đo, cac nghien cuu cua co gom co tieng Latinh, tieng Phap, tieng Đuc va van chuong. Co tro thanh ban cua Mary Storer Potter, vo đau cua Longfellow.. Clara ghi lai trong nhat ky nhung su kien cua chuyen đi keo dai muoi tam thang (1835-1836) đen chau Au voi Longfellows. Clara ket hon voi mot ong Louis Thies nam 1843. Ho co mot con trai va mot con gai. Clara qua đoi o Dresden nam 1907.
Crowninshield chet vi mot con đau tim o Salem tren tau Cleopatra's Barge vao ngay 26 thang 11 nam 1817. Ong đuoc chon cat o Salem.


Hinh anh Tham khao Nguon Crowninshield, Frank (1966). Vanity Fair. University Microfilms.
Day, Thomas Fleming (1904). The Rudder. Fawcett Publications. ...it may be well for us to make a somewhat closer acquaintance of George Crowninshield, Jr., the first American yachtsman.
Essex Institute (1917). Old Time Ships of Salem. Essex Institute. In 1801, fifteen years before the building of "Cleopatra's Barge," Captain George Crowninshield built a smaller yacht, a sloop of twenty-one tons, the Jefferson, which is the first recorded American yacht.
Gale, Robert L. (2003). Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Companion. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-32350-8.
Garraty, John Arthur (ngay 1 thang 1 nam 1999). American National Biography. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-512784-3.
Horwitz, Tony (2003). The Devil May Care. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-516922-5.
Paine, Ralph Delahaye (1924). Ships and Sailors of Old Salem. Heritage Books. ISBN 978-0-7884-3774-8. Captain George has the distinction of being the first American yacht owner. As early as 1801 he had built in Salem a sloop called the Jefferson in which he cruised for several years. While the Jefferson was beyond doubt the first vessel built for pleasure in the country, and the first yacht that ever flew the Stars and Stripes, her fame is overshadowed by that of the renowned Cleopatra's Barge, the second yacht owned by Captain Crowninshield, and the first of her nation to cruise in foreign waters.
Putnam, George Granville (1930). Salem Vessels and Their Voyages:. Essex Institute.
Seaman's Friend Society (1907). The Sea Breeze. Boston Seaman's Friend Society. ... and of George Crowninshield, who owned the first American yacht, the Jefferson, built in Salem waters in 1801.