No le  la nguoi bi bat buoc phai lam viec khong luong cho nguoi chu, bi mat quyen con nguoi, tu do va cuoc song phu thuoc hoan toan vao nguoi chu. Nhieu nguoi tro thanh no le vi bi bat sau nhung cuoc chien (mot hinh thuc tu binh), hoac nhung cuoc can quet cua luc luong xam lang hoac giai cap thong tri. Mot so khi sinh ra đa bi coi nhu la no le vi cha me la no le. Che đo no le la che đo ma trong đo con nguoi đuoc xem nhu mot thu hang hoa..
Trong lich su, che đo no le đa đuoc cong nhan boi hau het cac xa hoi; con trong thoi gian gan đay, che đo no le đa bi cam o tat ca cac nuoc do phong trao bai no, nhung no van tiep tuc ton tai thong qua cac viec gan no, che đo nong no, nguoi lam trong nha bi nuoi nhot, nhan con nuoi gia trong đo tre em bi buoc phai lam viec nhu no le, binh linh tre em, va hon nhan cuong ep. No le chinh thuc đuoc coi la bat hop phap o tat ca cac nuoc, nhung van con khoang 20 đen 30 trieu no le tren toan the gioi.
Che đo no le co truoc chu viet va đa ton tai trong nhieu nen van hoa. Hau het cac no le hien nay la no le do gan no, chu yeu la o Nam A, đang bi gan no phat sinh do nguoi cho vay nang lai, tham chi keo dai nhieu the he. Buon nguoi chu yeu đuoc su dung đe buoc phu nu va tre em tham gia vao cac nganh cong nghiep tinh duc.
Chi rieng nuoc Mauritanie co khoang 600.000 no le (duoi hinh thuc lao đong tra no), gom nam, nu va tre em - tuc gan 20% dan so. Đen thang 8 nam 2007 nan no le moi đuoc chinh thuc coi la pham phap. Nan no le cung pho bien tai Niger voi khoang 800.000 nguoi bi bat lam no le - 8% dan so.


Đinh nghia No le la nhung nguoi thuoc so huu va đieu khien cua nguoi khac, gan nhu khong co quyen han gi, khong co tu do đi lai, va khong đuoc tra luong, ngoai nhung nhu cau toi thieu nhu thuc an, quan ao va cho o.
Theo Quy uoc ve No le nam 1926, che đo no le la "... tinh trang hay hoan canh cua mot nguoi phai ganh chiu mot phan hay tat ca nhung quyen lam chu tu nguoi khac...". Nguoi no le khong co quyen tu do bo tron, bo chu, hay bo khu vuc minh đang song neu khong co phep hay giay thong hanh, va neu lam the se bi bat đem ve tra ve lai cho chu nhan. Che đo nay can mot he thong xa hoi chap thuan no, tu lien ket giua cac tay chu nhan nhieu the luc hay tai chanh đen cac co quan đieu hanh chinh quyen đia phuong.
To chuc Lao đong Quoc te (ILO) đinh nghia "cuong ep lao đong" la "nhung cong viec hay dich vu do mot nguoi lam duoi su đe doa cua hinh phat va nguoi đo khong muon tinh nguyen lam", tru mot so truong hop ngoai le nhu: quan đoi, tu nhan, truong hop khan cap va nhung cong tac cong đong nho.
Tu nguoi hau khong đong nghia voi no le, o cho đay la nguoi, co nhan quyen, trong khi no le khong đuoc coi la nguoi ma la mot vat, mot thu tai san, tuong đuong voi dung cu hay suc vat.


= Nhung tu ngu lien he =
Theo ILO, su dung tre em cho lao đong đuoc coi nhu tuong đuong voi cuong ep lao đong.
Mot so nguoi theo chu nghia Vo chinh phu, Xa hoi va Cong san chong đoi nan no le tai chanh, la truong hop nguoi lam cong bi buoc vao the cung, phai lam viec voi muc luong qua thap hoac khong luong (va chap nhan ngheo đoi) vi đe doa that nghiep (con goi la khung bo kinh te).
Nhieu nha đau tranh tu do cho viec ap đat thue cua chinh phu la mot hinh thuc no le hoa dan chung.
Noi hon nua, ngay ca viec nuoi gia suc nhu cho, meo, bo, ngua, v.v cung bi nhieu nguoi coi nhu la giu no le.


Chu thich Sach tham khao Bales, Kevin, Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy (1999)
Campbell, Gwyn, Suzanne Miers, and Joseph C. Miller, eds. Women and Slavery. Volume 1: Africa, the Indian Ocean World, and the Medieval Atlantic; Women and Slavery. Volume 2: The Modern Atlantic (2007)
Davies, Stephen (2008). "Slavery, World". Trong Hamowy, Ronald (bien tap). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; Cato Institute. tr. 464–9. ISBN 978-1-4129-6580-4. LCCN 2008009151. OCLC 750831024.
Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770-1823 (1999)
Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture (1988)
Drescher, Seymour. Abolition: A History of Slavery and Antislavery (2009) highly regarded history of slavery and its abolition, worldwide
Finkelman, Paul, ed. Encyclopedia of Slavery (1999)
Gordon, M. Slavery in the Arab World (1989)
Greene, Jacqueline. Slavery in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, (2001), ISBN 0-531-16538-8
Joseph, Celucien L. Race, Religion, and The Haitian Revolution: Essays on Faith, Freedom, and Decolonization (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012)
Joseph, Celucien L. From Toussaint to Price-Mars: Rhetoric, Race, and Religion in Haitian Thought (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2013)
Lal, K. S. Muslim Slave System in Medieval India Luu tru ngay 12 thang 5 nam 2008 tai Wayback Machine (1994) ISBN 81-85689-67-9
Miers, Suzanne, and Igor Kopytoff, eds. Slavery In Africa: Historical & Anthropological Perspectives (1979)
Morgan, Kenneth. Slavery and the British Empire: From Africa to America (2008)
Postma, Johannes. The Atlantic Slave Trade, (2003)
Rodriguez, Junius P., ed., The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery (1997)
Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia (2007)
Shell, Robert Carl-Heinz Children Of Bondage: A Social History Of The Slave Society At The Cape Of Good Hope, 1652–1813 (1994)
Westermann, William Linn The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity (1955), ISBN 0-87169-040-3
Hogendorn, Jan and Johnson Marion: The Shell Money of the Slave Trade. African Studies Series 49, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.
The Slavery Reader, ed. by Rigas Doganis, Gad Heuman, James Walvin, Routledge 2003
Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America (1999), most important recent survey
Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II Doubleday (ngay 23 thang 3 nam 2008), ISBN 0-385-50625-2 ISBN 978-0-385-50625-0
Boles, John. Black Southerners: 1619–1869 (1983) brief survey
Engerman, Stanley L. Terms of Labor: Slavery, Serfdom, and Free Labor (1999) Luu tru ngay 25 thang 6 nam 2012 tai Wayback Machine
Genovese Eugene D. Roll, Jordan Roll (1974), classic study
Richard H. King, "Marxism and the Slave South", American Quarterly 29 (1977), 117–31, a critique of Genovese
Escott, Paul D. "Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk about Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Freedom" Journal of Southern History, Vol. 67, 2001 Luu tru ngay 25 thang 5 nam 2012 tai Wayback Machine
Mintz, S. Slavery Facts & Myths Luu tru ngay 9 thang 2 nam 2014 tai Wayback Machine, Digital History
Parish, Peter J. Slavery: History and Historians (1989) Luu tru ngay 25 thang 5 nam 2012 tai Wayback Machine
Phillips, Ulrich B. American Negro Slavery: A Survey of the Supply, Employment and Control of Negro Labor as Determined by the Plantation Regime (1918; paperback reprint 1966), southern white perspective
Phillips, Ulrich B. Life and Labor in the Old South (1929)
Sellers, James B. Slavery in Alabama (1950).
Sydnor, Charles S. Slavery in Mississippi (1933)
Stamp, Kenneth M. The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South (1956), a rebuttal of U B Philipps
Trenchard, David (2008). "Slavery in America". Trong Hamowy, Ronald (bien tap). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; Cato Institute. tr. 469–70. ISBN 978-1-4129-6580-4. LCCN 2008009151. OCLC 750831024.
Vorenberg, Michael. Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment (2001) Luu tru ngay 25 thang 5 nam 2012 tai Wayback Machine
Weinstein, Allen, Frank O. Gatell, and Lewis Sarasohn, eds., American Negro Slavery: A Modern Reader, third ed. (1978)
Jesse Sage and Liora Kasten, Enslaved: True Stories of Modern Day Slavery, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008 ISBN 978-1-4039-7493-8
Tom Brass, Marcel van der Linden, and Jan Lucassen, Free and Unfree Labour. Amsterdam: International Institute for Social History, 1993
Tom Brass, Towards a Comparative Political Economy of Unfree Labour: Case Studies and Debates, London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass Publishers, 1999. 400 pages.
Tom Brass and Marcel van der Linden, eds., Free and Unfree Labour: The Debate Continues, Bern: Peter Lang AG, 1997. 600 pages. A volume containing contributions by all the most important writers on modern forms of unfree labour.
Kevin Bales, Disposable People. New Slavery in the Global Economy, Revised Edition, University of California Press 2004, ISBN 0-520-24384-6
Kevin Bales (ed.), Understanding Global Slavery Today. A Reader, University of California Press 2005, ISBN 0-520-24507-5freak
Kevin Bales, Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves, University of California Press 2007, ISBN 978-0-520-25470-1.
Mende Nazer and Damien Lewis, Slave: My True Story, ISBN 1-58648-212-2. Mende is a Nuba, captured at 12 years old. She was granted political asylum by the British government in 2003.
Gary Craig, Aline Gaus, Mick Wilkinson, Klara Skrivankova and Aidan McQ­ e (2007). Contemporary slavery in the UK: Overview and key issues Luu tru ngay 14 thang 6 nam 2007 tai Wayback Machine, Joseph Rowntree Foundation. ISBN 978-1-85935-573-2.
David Hawk, The Hidden Gulag - Slave Labor Camps in North Korea Luu tru ngay 14 thang 12 nam 2019 tai Wayback Machine, Washington DC: Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2012, ISBN 0-615-62367-0
Somaly Mam Foundation Luu tru ngay 8 thang 2 nam 2017 tai Wayback Machine
Thomas Sowell, The Real History of Slavery, in: Black Rednecks and White Liberals, San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2005. ISBN 978-1-59403-086-4.


Lien ket ngoai = Lich su =
Slavery Resource Guide, from the Library of Congress
Digital Library on American Slavery
African Holocaust
Emory and Oxford College Luu tru ngay 18 thang 7 nam 2011 tai Wayback Machine
Slavery Fact Sheets, Digital History Luu tru ngay 9 thang 2 nam 2014 tai Wayback Machine
The West African Sqron and slave trade
Slavery – PBS Luu tru ngay 6 thang 10 nam 2009 tai Wayback Machine
Understanding Slavery Luu tru ngay 26 thang 3 nam 2010 tai Wayback Machine
Slavery
Slavery Museum. Great Britain. Luu tru ngay 16 thang 3 nam 2012 tai Wayback Machine
Archives on slavery held by the University of London Luu tru ngay 5 thang 1 nam 2011 tai Wayback Machine
Memoire St Barth (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition), Comite de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques.
Archives of the Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie (MCC) 'Trade Company of Middelburg' (Inventory of the archives of the Dutch slave trade across the Atlantic)


= Hien đai =
news-politics, modern-slavery Modern Slavery - slideshow by The First Post
Slavery – PBS Luu tru ngay 6 thang 10 nam 2009 tai Wayback Machine
Walk Free Foundation – Global Slavery Index 2013 | Explore the Index