Co khoang hai muoi ngon ngu tai Bhutan, tat ca đeu la nhung ngon ngu Tang-Mien, tru tieng Nepal, mot ngon ngu Indo-Arya. Tieng Dzongkha, ngon ngu quoc gia, la ngon ngu duy nhat co truyen thong van hoc tai Bhutan, du tieng Lepcha va Nepal la ngon ngu van hoc tai nhung quoc gia khac. Tieng Nepal đuoc dung tai cac cong đong Lhotshampa o Nam Bhutan, cac ngon ngu thieu so co nguon goc phi Bhutan khac đuoc su dung doc theo bien gioi.


Dzongkha va nhung ngon ngu Tang khac Nhom ngon ngu Trung Bod la mot nhom ngon ngu Tang xuat phat tu tieng Tang Co (Choke). Đa phan cac ngon ngu Trung Bod tai Bhutan thuoc ve phan nhom Nam.
Tieng Dzongkha la mot ngon ngu Trung Bod voi chung 160.000 nguoi noi (2006). Đay la thu tieng chiem uu the tai Tay Bhutan, va đa la ngon ngu cua chinh phu va giao duc tai Bhutan tu nam 1971. Tieng Chocangaca, mot "ngon ngu chi em" cua Dzongkha, đuoc noi tai Thung lung Kurichu o Đong Bhutan boi chung 20.000 nguoi.
Tieng Lakha (8.000 nguoi noi) va Brokkat (300 nguoi noi) o Trung Bhutan, cung nhu tieng Brokpa (5.000 nguoi noi) o cuc Đong Bhutan, đuoc Van Driem (1993) xep vao nhom Trung Bod.
Phuong ngu Laya, gan voi tieng Dzongkha chuan, đuoc noi boi khoang 1.100 nguoi Layap tai vung bien gioi tay bac voi Tay Tang. Nguoi Layap la nhung nguoi du cu hoac ban du cu, truyen thong chan nuoi yak va dzo. Nguoi noi Dzongkha va Laya co the hieu nhau o muc đo nao đo, nho vao tuong đong ngu phap va tu vung co ban.
1.000 nguoi noi tieng Tang Khams tai Đong Bhutan, ho cung la hau due cua nhung nguoi chan nuoi yak. Du ro rang la ngon ngu Tang, vi tri phan loai chinh xac cua tieng Tang Khamps khong chac chan.


Ngon ngu Đong Bod Tam thu tieng tai Bhutan thuoc nhom ngon ngu Đong Bod, đay khong phai la nhom ngon ngu Tang co quan he gan gui nhung cung xuat phat tu tieng Tang Co (hoac mot thu tieng rat gan tieng Tang Co).
Tieng Bumthang (Bumthangkha), la ngon ngu tieng uu the tai Trung Bhutan. No co chung 30.000 nguoi noi. Kheng (40.000 nguoi noi) va tieng Kurtop (10.000 nguoi noi) la cac "ngon ngu chi em" cua tieng Bumthang. Tieng Dzala (Dzalakha) co khoang 15.000 nguoi noi. Tieng Nyen (Henkha hay Mangdebikha), va tieng 'Ole (Monkha) đuoc noi o Day nui Đen o Trung Bhutan boi lan luot 10.000 va 1.000 nguoi. Van Driem (1993) xem 'Ole la vet tich cua ngon ngu cua dan cu nguyen thuy tai day nui Đen truoc khi co su Nam tien cua cac bo toc Đong Bod co. Ngoai ra, tieng Dakpa (Dakpakha) va Chali (Chalikha), moi thu co khoang 1.000 nguoi noi, hien dien tai Đong Bhutan.


Cac ngon ngu Tang-Mien khac Co nhung ngon ngu Tang-Mien khac tai Bhutan. Nhung ngon ngu nay co quan he xa hon voi nhom ngon ngu Bod.
Tieng Tshangla co khoang 138.000 nguoi noi. Đay la tieng me đe cua nguoi Sharchops. No la ngon ngu noi troi o Đong Bhutan va la lingua franca cua vung nay.
Tieng Gongduk la mot ngon ngu bi đe doa voi 1.000 nguoi noi o nhung ngoi lang tach biet doc song Kuri Chhu. No co ve la đai dien duy nhat cua mot nhanh rieng biet thuoc ngu toc Tang-Mien, va van duy tri he thong hop đong tu phuc tap cua ngon ngu Tang-Mien nguyen thuy.
2.000 nguoi Lepcha tai Bhutan noi tieng Lepcha, thu tieng nay so huu mot he thong chu viet rieng (bang chu cai Lepcha). Tieng Lhokpu co khoang 2.500 nguoi noi. Đay la mot ngon ngu chua đuoc phan loai ro. Van Driem (1993) xem co la vet tich cua nhom "dan cu du muc Tay Bhutan". No đuoc nguoi Lhop su dung.


Indo-Arya Tieng Nepal la ngon ngu Indo-Arya duy nhat cua nguoi dan song ban đia o Bhutan. Tai Bhutan, no hien dien chu yeu o mien Nam, su dung boi 265.000 nguoi Lhotshampa (2006). Du nguoi Lhotshampa đa phan noi tieng Nepal, nhom nguoi Lhotshampa cung gom nhieu dan toc khac nhu Tamang, Gurung, va nhom Kirant (gom nguoi Rai va Limbu). Trong nhung nhom thieu so nay co nguoi noi Chamling, Limbu, va Nepal Bhasa.


Chu thich Lien ket ngoai Dzongkha Development Commission - Official language body of Bhutan