Robert Edward Lee (19 thang 1 nam 1807 – 12 thang 10 nam 1870) la si quan quan đoi Hoa Ky, noi tieng vi ong nhan chuc Đai tuong thong lanh quan đoi Lien minh mien Nam trong cuoc Noi chien Hoa Ky (1861-1865).
Cha ong la Thong đoc Virginia Thieu tuong Henry Lee III (biet hieu khinh ky Harry) (1756–1818). Gia đinh dong doi Sir Thomas More va vua Scotland Robert II . La sinh vien xuat sac cua Truong Vo bi West Point, Lee cam quan suot 32 nam, tham gia chien tranh Hoa Ky - Mexico.
Đau nam 1861, Lee phan đoi Virginia ly khai chinh phu, nhung đong thoi tu khuoc loi moi cua tong thong Hoa Ky Abraham Lincoln thong lanh quan đoi Lien bang mien Bac. Sau đo, Lee quyet đinh theo ung ho quan nha, ban đau chi lam co van quan su cho tong thong mien Nam Jefferson Davis. Thang 6 nam 1862, Lee nhan chi huy cac đoi quan Lien minh mien Nam tai Mat tran mien Đong va ket hop cac đon vi thanh Binh đoan Bac Virginia.
Trong giai đoan đau cua cuoc chien, tuong Lee thang lon tai tran Bull Run thu nhi, tran Fredericksburg va tran Chancellorsville. Nhung hai lan ong đem quan tan cong mien Bac đeu that bai. Trong tran Antietam nam 1862 ong suyt bi thua va phai tu tu rut ve. Nam sau, 1863, ong keo quan đen đanh tran Gettysburg o Pennsylvania va bi tham bai. May cho ong la tuong mien Bac George Meade khong biet loi dung co hoi đanh đuoi, nen Lee lai thoat đuoc, chay ve Virginia.
Mua xuan nam 1864, tuong mien Bac Ulysses S. Grant keo quan đanh mien Nam va dan dan tia mon luc luong cua tuong Lee. Trong hai chien tran Overland va Petersburg, tuy tuong Lee gay nhieu thiet hai cho quan mien Bac, quan cua ong cung ton that va khong phuc hoi luc luong kip cho cac tran đanh tiep theo. Đau thang 4 nam 1865, tuong Lee bat đau keo tan quan chay ve thu phu Richmond, Virginia. Tuong Lee bi buoc phai đau hang tuong Grant trong tran Appomattox ngay 9 thang 4 nam 1865. Tuy quan mien Nam van con mot so luc luong rai rac khap noi, tin tuong Lee va binh đoan Bac Virginia đau hang la mot ton that tinh than khung khiep cho Lien minh mien Nam. Hai thang sau, toan the luc luong mien Nam phai buong sung va quan mien Bac chien thang, ket thuc cuoc Noi chien Hoa Ky.
Tuong Robert E. Lee đuoc quan su Hoa Ky ca ngoi la vi tuong dung binh tai tinh va tao bao, tuy quan so cua ong kem đoi phuong rat nhieu, ong van co kha nang đanh thang hoac cam cu lau dai. Nhung nhieu nguoi cung cho rang ong la hieu thang đe that bai trong hai lan Bac Chinh.
Trong nhung thang cuoi cua noi chien, tuong Lee cho dan no le nhap ngu đe tang cuong luc luong nhung đa qua tre. Sau khi ong đau hang, tuong Lee ra loi khuyen binh si mien Nam con an nup khap noi đung tao chien tranh du kich cong pha chinh phu mien Bac va ong keu goi ung ho hoa binh Nam-Bac.
Trong thoi hau chien, Robert E. Lee lam hieu truong truong cao đang va ung ho Tong thong Hoa Ky Andrew Johnson trong chuong trinh tai thiet đat nuoc va hoa giai giua cac vung đoi đich nhau. Ong đong thoi chong đoi chinh sach cuc đoan cho no le vua đuoc tra tu do quyen bau cu va tuoc quyen bau cu cua nhung nguoi theo Lien minh mien Nam khi truoc. Ong khuyen nhom chinh tri Lien minh mien Nam suy tinh lai vi the cua minh va tham gia chinh phu toan quoc.
Tuong Robert E. Lee la mot anh hung quan đoi cua mien Nam Hoa Ky va sau khi ong mat, ngay ca nhung nguoi mien Bac cung phai than phuc ong. Robert E. Lee đuoc cong nhan la mot bieu tuong cao đep trong quan su Hoa Ky.


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