William Hamilton, Cong tuoc thu 12 xu Hamilton, Cong tuoc thu 9 xu Brandon, Cong tuoc thu 2 xu Chatellerault, Ba tuoc thu 7 xu Selkirk (12 thang 3 nam 1845 tai Luan Đon – 16 thang 5 nam 1895 tai Algiers) la mot nha quy toc nguoi Scotland.


Than the William Alexander Louis Stephen Hamilton sinh ngay 12 thang 3 nam 1845 tai Connaught Place, Luan Đon, la con trai thu hai cua William Hamilton, Cong tuoc thu 11 xu Hamilton (bay gio đuoc goi la hau tuoc xu Douglas va Clydesdale voi tu cach la truong tu cua ong noi la Alexander Hamilton, Cong tuoc thu 10 xu Hamilton) va Marie Amelie xu Baden. William co mot anh trai sinh non, mot em trai la Charles Hamilton, Ba tuoc thu 7 xu Selkirk va mot em gai la Mary Victoria Hamilton, tung la Than vuong the tu phi xu Monaco va la sinh mau cua Louis II xu Monaco. Cai ten William đuoc đat nham vinh danh cha va ong co la William Thomas Beckford.
Thong qua me, William Hamilton co quan he ho hang voi nhieu gia đinh Vuong that chau Au. Trong so đo gom co nguoi anh ho la Carol I cua Romania, chi ho la Stephanie xu Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Vuong hau Bo Đao Nha (Carol I va Stephanie la con cua nguoi bac gai la Josephine xu Baden) va Carola cua Wasa, Vuong hau Sachsen (con gai cua nguoi bac lon la Luise Amelie xu Baden). Ben canh đo, William la chau co ngoai cua Napoleon Bonaparte, mot nguoi ho hang xa cua Hoang đe Phap Napoleon III va đuoc coi la thanh vien mo rong cua Hoang that Phap. Trong gia đinh, William đuoc goi la "Willie".


Giao duc William Hamilton đuoc đao tao tai Eton College va truong Christ Church, Oxford. Tuy nhien William khong hoan thanh viec hoc o Christ Church va bi đuoi vi "hanh vi ngo nguoc". Co mot mo ta ve William Hamilton lien quan khoang thoi gian William theo hoc o Christ Church rang:

"...At Christchurch. He went in for boxing, as he went in later for horse-racing, yachting and other amusing occupations.. He was full bodied, of a rudely ruddy complexion, had a powerful neck, and seemed strong enough to fell an ox with his fist... They had all a frankness of speech bordering on rudeness".


Cong tuoc xu Hamilton Ngay 15 thang 7 nam 1863, Cong tuoc thu 11 xu Hamilton qua đoi. William, bay gio đuoc 18 tuoi, đa tro thanh Cong tuoc ke nhiem. Tuy nhien, vi cha cua ngai tan Cong tuoc đa tieu xai xa hoa nen tai san William đuoc ke thua khong nhieu. Luc sinh thoi, ngai co Cong tuoc đa mua lai toa nha pho o Luan Đon tu Henry Somerset, Cong tuoc thu 7 xu Beaufort voi so tien khong lo la 60.000 bang Anh va tiep tuc chi them tien vao toa nha đo trong suot mot thap ky.  
Khi qua đoi, co Cong tuoc đa đe lai khoan đat đai tri gia khoang 140.000 bang Anh cho vo va cac con. Nam 1867, Cong tuoc xu Hamilton đa gan nhu pha san nhung may man thay, chu ngua đua Cortolvin cua ngai Cong tuoc đa gianh chien thang tai Giai Đua ngua vuot rao Grand National o Aintree va William nhan đuoc khoang 16.000 bang Anh tien thang cuoc, giup khoi phuc đang ke tai san cua minh. William con so huu 157.000 mau Anh, chu yeu o Bute, Lanark va Suffolk. Ben canh đo, William cung đuoc Napoleon III tan phong la Cong tuoc xu Chatellerault, mot tuoc hieu tung đuoc phong cho James Hamilton, Ba tuoc thu 2 xu Arran va đuoc cac the he Cong tuoc xu Hamilton tuyen bo la nguoi ke vi tuoc hieu voi tu cach la hau due cua James Hamilton.
Voi tuoc hieu moi, William song mot cach xa hoa. Trong suot nhung nam 1870, William cho cai thien phan đat Eastern Park o Suffolk. Nam 1874, sau khi ket hon, William cho xay dung chuong ngua, nha chua gas va cho lap đat thiet bi chieu sang bang gas trong ca ngoi nha. Nam ke tiep, Cong tuoc cho xay dung trang trai, khu vuc san xuat sua va nha giet mo tren khu đat Eastern Park đe phuc vu cho nhu cau giai tri cua vo va khach cua hai vo chong. Ngai Cong tuoc cung chi tien vao nhung buoi tiec voi vo van đo an, thuc uong va nhung buoi san ban. Nam 1878, WIlliam to chuc mot bua tiec san ban, co su gop mat cua Edward VII cua Anh (bay gio la Than vuong xu Wales), Victoire xu Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld, than mau cua Victoria cua Anh va Eugenia xu Montijo, Hoang hau Phap.
Sau khi cho ban hai chiec du thuyen cua minh, Cong tuoc xu Hamilton đa chi 17.000 bang Anh đe mua mot chiec du thuyen sang trong ten la Thistle vao nam 1882, chua ke đen khoang phi đat đo đuoc chi đe van hanh. Voi chiec du thuyen moi, William đa đi khap chau Au. Nhu nhung cac Cong tuoc đoi truoc, William cung chi tien đe suu tap. Thoi quen suu tap cua ngai Cong tuoc cung phan anh niem yeu thich cuoi ngua va ruou che cua William.


Hon nhan va hau due Ngay 10 thang 12 nam 1873, Cong tuoc xu Hamilton ket hon voi Mary Louise Elizabeth Montagu, con gai cua William Montagu, Cong tuoc thu 7 xu Manchester va nu quy toc nguoi Đuc Luise von Alten, tai Lau đai Kimbolton. Hai vo chong chi co mot co con gai la Mary Louise Hamilton (1 thang 11 nam 1884 – 21 thang 2 nam 1957). Mary ket hon voi James Graham, Cong tuoc thu 6 xu Montrose vao ngay 14 thang 6 nam 1906. Hai vo chong co bon nguoi con.


Qua đoi Loi song cua William đa gop phan khien cho Cong tuoc gap nhieu van đe ve suc khoe, gom co benh gut, phu ne va benh ve than. Đuoc khuyen đi du lich đe cai thien suc khoe, William khoi hanh đen Đia Trung Hai vao thang 1 nam 1895. Suc khoe cua William tiep tuc yeu dan vao vao thang 5, Cong tuoc phu nhan xu Hamilton đa đen Algiers đe o ben chong. Cong tuoc xu Hamilton qua đoi tai Algiers vao ngay 16 thang 5 nam 1895 o đo tuoi 50. Thi hai cua co Cong tuoc đuoc uop xac va đua ve Anh va chon cat o Lang Hamilton. Nam 1921, thi hai cua William va cha đuoc doi sang suon đoi phia tren Lau đai Brodick sau khi Lang Hamilton bi hu hai nang ne vi sut lun va lu lut. Theo đieu khoan ke vi cua tuoc hieu Cong tuoc xu Hamilton, con gai cua William khong tro thanh tan Cong tuoc ma thay vao đo la nguoi em ho la Alfred Douglas-Hamilton. Tuoc hieu Cong tuoc xu Chatellerault cung khong the đuoc thua ke boi con gai Mary vi tro ngai gioi tinh.


Tuoc hieu va nha xung 12 thang 3 nam 1845 – 18 thang 8 nam 1852: Earl of Angus (Ba tuoc xu Angus)
18 thang 8 nam 1852 – 15 thang 7 nam 1863: Marquess of Douglas (Hau tuoc xu Douglas)
15 thang 7 nam 1863 – 16 thang 5 nam 1895: His Grace The Duke of Hamilton (Đuc ngai Cong tuoc xu Hamilton)


To tien Ghi chu Tham khao Nguon tai lieu Beattie, Sarah (ngay 5 thang 5 nam 2021). "William Douglas-Hamilton (1845–95), 12th Duke of Hamilton". National Trust for Scotland (bang tieng Anh). Truy cap ngay 22 thang 10 nam 2024.
Davis, Edward Hilary (ngay 15 thang 9 nam 2022). The British Bonapartes: Napoleon's Family in Britain (bang tieng Anh). Pen and Sword History. ISBN 978-1-3990-8855-8.
Walker, Alan Yuill (ngay 25 thang 11 nam 2017). The Scots & The Turf: Racing and Breeding - The Scottish Influence (bang tieng Anh). Black & White Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78530-187-2.
Walford (1891). The Windsor Peerage for 1891 (second Year) (bang tieng Anh). Chatto & Windus.
Cokayne, George Edward (1892). The Complete Peerage (Edition 1, Volume 4).


Lien ket ngoai Trung đoan.org
Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Duke of Hamilton