Cac ngon ngu Andaman la nhung ngon ngu ban đia cua quan đao Andaman, đuoc noi boi cac toc nguoi Negrito tai đay. Co hai ngu he tai quan đao Andaman, Andaman Lon va Onge, cung nhu tieng Sentinel, mot ngon ngu khong co thong tin va do đo khong phan loai đuoc.


Lich su Nguoi dan Andaman ban đia đa song tai đay tu hang nghin nam truoc. Du su ton tai cua quan đao va cu dan cua no đa đuoc cac quoc gia va cac thuong gia Nam va Đong Nam A biet đen tu lau, song su tiep xuc voi nguoi Andaman thuong lac đac va khong may than thien; do đo, hau nhu nguoi ta (nguoi chau Au) chang biet gi đen ve ho hay ngon ngu cua ho cho đen tan giua the ky XVIII. Tu thap nien 1860 ve sau, su thuoc đia hoa cua Anh va sau đo la su nhap cu tu tieu luc đia An Đo đa anh huong lon va lau dai len nhung ngon ngu nay, nhat la ngon ngu nhom Andaman Lon.
Toi đau the ky XX thi so luong nguoi Andaman đa giam đi đang ke, va nhieu dan toc va ngon ngu Andaman Lon tuyet diet. Nua sau the ky XX, đa so ngon ngu Andaman đa bien mat.
Nhung nam đau the ky XXI, con khoang 50 ca nhan goc gac nguoi Andaman Lon con song, cu ngu tren mot đao nho (Strait I.); khoang mot nua trong so ho noi mot phien ban bi bien đoi (hay creole) cua cac ngon ngu Andaman Lon, chu yeu dua tren tieng Aka-Jeru. Thu tieng nay đuoc goi la "tieng Andaman hien đai" theo mot so hoc gia, nhung thuong đuoc goi đon gian la tieng "Jero" hoac "Andaman Lon". Tieng Hindi đuoc su dung moi luc mot pho bien, va la ngon ngu cua mot nua so ho. Nguoi cuoi cung noi luu loat tieng "Jero" mat nam 2009.
Cac ngon ngu Onge con ton tai toi nay phan nhieu nho su tach biet lon hon cua cac toc nguoi Onge, cong voi su thieu than thien voi nguoi ngoai cua ho.
Nguoi Sentinel la mot toc nguoi ma ca ngon ngu va tap quan đeu hau nhu khong co thong tin gi.


Ngu phap Cac ngon ngu Andaman đeu la ngon ngu chap dinh, voi he thong tien to va hau to đa dang. Chung co he thong lop danh tu chu yeu dua tren bo phan co the, moi danh tu va tinh tu gan voi mot tien to co lien quan đen mot bo phan. Vi du, tien to "aka-" o ten cua nhieu ngon ngu Andaman Lon la tien to cho nhung khai niem lien quan đen luoi. Trong cac ngon ngu Andaman, khong the chi noi "đau", ma phai noi "đau toi", "đau ban", van van.
He thong đai tu gan nhu đong nhat o cac ngon ngu Andaman Lon; vi du, o tieng Aka-Bea (đai tu đuoc the hien o dang tien to):

Cac ngon ngu Onge thi khac biet hon; vi du, o tieng Onge:

Theo cac nguon san co, cac ngon ngu Andaman chi co hai so tu: "mot" va "hai". Toan bo he thong so va luong tu cua chung la mot, hai, hon mot, hon mot vai, va tat ca.


Phan loai Cac ngon ngu Andaman thuoc ve hai ngu he rieng biet,

Andaman Lon: Noi boi nguoi Andaman Lon; tieng Aka-Jeru co 36 nguoi noi sot lai nam 1997, tat ca đeu biet noi tieng Hindi, tuyet chung nam 2009.
Onge: Hai ngon ngu noi boi khoang 300 nguoi, đa so đon ngu.
Ngoai ra, co mot ngon ngu khong co thong tin:

Tieng Sentinel; co it nhat 50 nguoi noi, va co the đat toi hon 250 (khong ro dan so nguoi Sentinel).
Su tuong tu giua he Andaman Lon va Onge chu yeu o đac điem hinh thai, voi rat it su tuong đong ve tu vung. Do đo, cac ngon ngu Andaman khong tao nen mot ngu he thong nhat.


Chu thich Tai lieu Abbi, Anvita. 2006. Endangered Languages of the Andaman Islands. LINCOM Studies in Asian Linguistics, 64. Munchen: Lincom Europa. ISBN 3-89586-866-3
Blevins, Juliette (2007). "A Long Lost Sister of Proto-Austronesian? Proto-Ongan, Mother of Jarawa and Onge of the Andaman Islands". Oceanic Linguistics. Quyen 46 so 1. tr. 154–198. doi:10.1353/ol.2007.0015.
Burenhult, Niclas. 1996. Deep linguistic prehistory with particular reference to Andamanese.  Working Papers 45, 5–24. Lund University: Department of Linguistics.
Man, E.H.
Dictionary of the South Andaman Language, British India Press: Bombay 1923.
On the Aboriginal Inhabitants of the Andaman Islands. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 12, 1883.
Manoharan, S. 1997. "Pronominal Prefixes and Formative Affixes in Andamanese Language." Anvita Abbi (ed.). The Languages of Tribal and Indigenous Peoples of India. The Ethnic Space. Delhi: Motilal Benarsidass.
Portman, M.V. 1887. A Manual of the Andamanese Languages. London: W.H. Allen & Co.
Temple, Richard C. A Grammar of the Andamanese Languages, being Chapter IV of Part I of the Census Report on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Superintendent's Printing Press: Port Blair 1902.
Zide, Norman Herbert & V. Pandya. 1989. "A Bibliographical Introduction to Andamanese Linguistics." Journal of the American Oriental Society 109: 639–51.


Lien ket ngoai South Asia Bibliography – Andamanese Luu tru ngay 5 thang 4 nam 2004 tai Wayback Machine
Andaman Association
Vanishing Voices of the Great Andamanese Anvita Abbi, Jawaharlal Nehru University
The Andamanese Language Family (I) & (II) Luu tru ngay 12 thang 7 nam 2009 tai Wayback Machine
Burenhult's Paper on Andamanese
Another link to Burenhult on Andamanese Luu tru ngay 30 thang 5 nam 2013 tai Wayback Machine