Nhom ngon ngu Đai Loan hay nhom ngon ngu Formosa la mot nhom gom nhung ngon ngu cua tho dan Đai Loan. Tho dan Đai Loan chiem khoang 2,3% dan so toan đao Đai Loan. Tuy nhien, chi con so it co the noi đuoc ngon ngu cua to tien ho. Trong so tong cong 26 ngon ngu tho dan Đai Loan, it nhat muoi đa khong con nguoi noi, bon (co le nam) cung sap lui tan, va so con lai đeu đang bi đe doa.
Ngon ngu tho dan Đai Loan co y nghia quan trong trong ngon ngu hoc lich su, vi co nhieu kha nang đay la noi khoi nguon cua toan ngu he Nam Đao. Theo nha ngon ngu hoc Robert Blust, nhom ngon ngu Formosa gom chin trong muoi nhanh chinh trong he Nam Đao, nhanh con lai la ngu toc Malay-Polynesia gom 1.200 ngon ngu hien dien ben ngoai đao Đai Loan. Du cac nha nghien cuu khac khong đong y ve mot so chi tiet trong phan tich cua Blust, đa so đeu thong nhat rang ngu he Nam Đao bat nguon tu Đai Loan. Gia thuyet nay đa đuoc cung co them boi nhung nghien cuu di truyen gan đay.


Tinh trang Tat ca ngon ngu Đai Loan đeu đang dan bi thay the boi tieng Hoa pho thong. Nhung thap ky gan đay, chinh phu Đai Loan đa bat đau chuong trinh tai pho bien ngon ngu Formosa trong truong hoc. Tuy nhien, ket qua thu đuoc lai đang that vong.
Trong nam 2005, voi muc đich giu gin ngon ngu tho dan, mot hoi đong đuoc thanh lap đe lap nen bang chu cai Latinh cho tat ca nhung ngon ngu nay. Hoi đong nay con giang day ngon ngu cho nguoi ban đia, cung nhu nhung nguoi Han co nhu cau.


Danh sach ngon ngu Co su kho khan trong viec xac đinh bien gioi giua ngon ngu va phuong ngu, gay nen nhung bat đong nho giua cac hoc gia ve so luong ngon ngu Formosa. Voi cac ngon ngu đa bien mat con co nhieu su khong chac chan hon nua, do hieu biet ve chung rat han che. Nhung ngon ngu Formosa thuong đuoc xem la hop le đuoc liet ke ben duoi:


= Ngon ngu con ton tai =
Atayal (co su khac biet giua cac phuong ngu lon)
Bunun (co su khac biet giua cac phuong ngu lon)
Amis
Kanakanabu (sap bien mat)
Kavalan (vai nguon cho la sap bien mat, du co nghien cuu khac khong cho nhu vay)
Kaxabu
Paiwan
Saisiyat
Puyuma
Rukai (co su khac biet giua cac phuong ngu lon)
Saaroa (sap bien mat)
Seediq (con goi la Truku)
Thao (sap bien mat)
Tsou
Cung tai Đai Loan, nhung khong thuoc nhom Formosa:

Yami (con goi la Tao)


= Bien mat =
Basay
Ketagalan
Taokas
Babuza
Favorlang
Papora
Hoanya
Taivoan
Makatao
Pazeh
Siraya


Thu tu tu Đa so tho ngu Đai Loan co cau truc đong tu đung đau VSO (đong-chu-tan) hay VOS (đong-tan-chu) voi ngoai le la mot vai ngon ngu Bac Đai Loan, nhu Thao, Saisiyat, va Pazih, co le do anh huong tu tieng Hoa.
Li (1998) liet ke thu tu tu trong tung ngon ngu Đai Loan.

Rukai: VSO, VOS
Tsou: VOS
Bunun: VSO
Atayal: VSO, VOS
Saisiyat: VS, SVO
Pazih: VOS, SVO
Thao: VSO, SVO
Amis: VOS, VSO
Kavalan: VOS
Puyuma: VSO
Paiwan: VSO, VOS


Am vi Tieng Rukai Tanan co luong am vi lon nhat voi 23 phu am va 4 nguyen am, trong khi tieng Kanakanabu va Saaroa co it am vi nhat voi 13 phu am va 4 nguyen am (Blust 2009:165).


Phan bo Li (2001) liet ke vi tri "xuat than" cua cac ngon ngu Formosa.

Tsou: phan tay nam cua Trung Đai Loan; nui Ngoc Son
Saisiyat va Kulon: đau đo giua song Đai Đo va song Đai Giap
Thao: song Trac Thuy
Qauqaut: trung luu song Takiri
Siraya: Đong bang Gia Nam
Makatau: Binh Đong
Bunun: Tin Nghia (信義鄉) tai Nam Đau
Paiwan: vung song Ai Lieu


Chu thich Đoc them Blundell, David (2009), Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, History, Ethnology, Prehistory. Taipei, Taiwan: SMC Publishing
Happart, G., & Hedhurst, W. H. (1840). Dictionary of the Favorlang dialect of the Formosan language. Batavia: printed at Parapattan.
Li, Paul Jen-kuei (2004). "Basic Vocabulary for Formosan Languages and Dialects." In Li, Paul Jen-kuei. Selected Papers on Formosan Languages, vol. 2. Taipei, Taiwan: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
Mackay, G. L. (1893). Chinese Romanized dictionary of the Formosan vernacular. Shanghai: Printed at the Presbyterian Mission Press.
Tsuchida, S. (2003). Kanakanavu texts (Austronesian Formosan). [Osaka?: Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim].
Zeitoun, E. (2002). Nominalization in Formosan languages. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics (Preparatory Office), Academia Sinica.


Lien ket ngoai Ogawa's Vocabulary of Formosan Dialects 小川尚義 (臺灣蕃語蒐録) Luu tru ngay 6 thang 10 nam 2013 tai Wayback Machine
Academia Sinica's Formosan Language Archive project Luu tru ngay 2 thang 5 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine
Linguistics and Formosan Languages Luu tru ngay 14 thang 5 nam 2007 tai Wayback Machine
Map: Formosan Languages and Yami Luu tru ngay 3 thang 7 nam 2007 tai Wayback Machine (PDF)