Joel Asaph Allen (19 thang 7 nam 1838 - 29 thang 8 nam 1921) la mot nha đong vat hoc, nha thu hoc va nha đieu hoc nguoi My. Ong tro thanh chu tich đau tien cua Hiep hoi Đieu hoc Hoa Ky, nguoi phu trach đau tien ve chim va đong vat co vu tai Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky, va la truong khoa đau tien cua Khoa Đieu hoc cua bao tang đo. Ong noi tieng vi quy tac Allen, phat bieu rang co the cua đong vat hang nhiet (đong vat mau nong) co hinh dang khac nhau phu thuoc khi hau khac nhau. Ti so dien tich be mat voi the tich co the o vung khi hau nong se tang len đe thoat nhiet va giam đi o vung khi hau lanh đe giu nhiet.


Đau đoi Allen đuoc sinh ra tai Springfield, Massachusetts, con trai cua Harriet Trumbull va Joel Allen. Ong đa nghien cuu va thu thap mau vat ve lich su tu nhien tu rat som, nhung sau đo buoc phai ban bo suu tap cong phu cua minh đe co the theo hoc Hoc vien Wilbraham & Monson vao nam 1861. Nam sau, ong chuyen đen Đai hoc Harvard, noi ong nghien cuu duoi su huong dan cua Louis Agassiz.


Nha suu tam lich su tu nhien Allen tham gia chuyen tham hiem nam 1865 cua thay minh toi Brasil, noi Agassiz sau đo tuyen bo đa tim thay bang chung ve mot ky bang ha. Sau khi tro ve Massachusetts, benh man tinh khien anh tro ve trang trai cua gia đinh o Springfield.
Đen nam 1867, suc khoe cua Allen đa đuoc cai thien đu đe anh ta tiep tuc tham gia cac chuyen đi, bao gom tai Vinh Sodus, va sau đo o Illinois, Michigan va Indiana. Khi tro ve Massachusetts, ong đam nhan vi tri curator ve chim va đong vat co vu tai Bao tang Đong vat hoc so sanh cua Harvard. Vao mua đong nam 1868-1869, ong la mot trong hai nha nghien cuu ve loai chim, nguoi con lai la Charles Johnson Maynard, đe kham pha tieu bang Florida tuong đoi xa la, noi van con rat hoang da vao cuoi nhung nam 1860.
Khi tro ve, ong đa viet mot bai phan tich noi tieng ve chuyen đi cua minh mang ten On the Mammals and Winter Birds of Eastern Florida, đuoc xuat ban nam 1871. Cung nam đo, ong đuoc bau lam thanh vien cua Vien Han lam Khoa hoc va Nghe thuat Hoa Ky.
Trong vai nam tiep theo, Allen mao hiem đen Đai Binh nguyen Bac My, day nui Rocky va lanh tho Dakota đe thu thap mau vat cho bao tang Harvard. Ngoai tru chuyen đi thu thap nam 1882 o Colorado cung voi nha đieu hoc William Brewster, Allen khong bao gio đi thuc đia nua, chu yeu vi suc khoe giam sut.


Nha nghien cuu lich su tu nhien Sau khi ket thuc nhung ngay thu mau vat thuc đia, Allen danh cuoc đoi con lai đe nghien cuu va bien tap xuat ban. Vao đau mua he nam 1876, Allen đuoc Cau lac bo Đieu hoc Nuttall bau chon đe thay the Charles Johnson Maynard va Henry Augustus Purdie lam bien tap vien to Bulletin cua ho. Nam 1883, Allen, cung voi William Brewster va Elliott Coues, đa sang lap Hiep hoi Đieu hoc Hoa Ky. Allen, nguoi đang bi benh nang, khong the tham du cuoc hop khai mac nhung van đuoc bau lam chu tich đau tien. Ong cung tro thanh tong bien tap tap chi cua hiep hoi, The Auk.
Nam 1885, ong đuoc bo nhiem lam curator ve cac loai chim va đong vat co vu tai Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky o New York, sau đo tro thanh truong khoa đau tien cua Khoa Đieu hoc cua bao tang. Nam 1886, ong la mot trong nhung thanh vien đau tien cua Hiep hoi Audubon (tieng Anh: Audubon Society), New York. Ong cung la thanh vien cua Hiep hoi Vi su tien bo khoa hoc Hoa Ky (tieng Anh: American Association for the Advancement of Science) va Hoi Triet hoc Hoa Ky (tieng Anh: American Philosophical Society).
Hang tram buc thu ma Elliott Coues gui cho ong trong nhieu thap ky tao thanh mot trong nhung nen tang cua lich su dan toc hoc Hoa Ky. Allen đa tuong niem Coues sau cai chet cua ong nam 1899 trong to The Auk. Ong đa cung đe xuat quy tac Allen, neu ro moi tuong quan giua kich thuoc co the đong vat hang nhiet va khi hau vao nam 1877.


Tac pham 1868: « Notes on birds observed in western Iowa in the months of July, August and September Also in northern Illinois in May and June, and at Richmond, Wane Co., Indiana, June 3-10, 1867 », trich trong Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. I, tr. 488 OCLC 793600662.
1869: Catalogue of the mammals of Massachusetts: with a critical revision of the species.
1870-1908: Collected writings on mammals: vol. 1, vol. 2, vol. 3, vol. 4 va vol. 5.
1871: Mammals and Winter Birds of Eastern Florida.
1876: The American bisons, living and extinct.
1877: viet chung voi Elliott Coues, Monographs of North American Rodentia.
1878: The Geographical Distribution of the Mammals, Considered in Relation to the Principal Ontological Regions of the Earth.
1880: History of North American pinnipeds, a monograph of the walruses, sea-lions, sea-bears and seals of North America (Washington).
1883: The Right Whale of the North Atlantic
1897: « Description of a New Vespertilionine Bat from Yucatan », trong ban tin cua Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky, vol. IX.
1901: avec Edward William Nelson, Edward Alphonso Goldman et Joseph H. Batty: « Descriptions of two new opossums of the genus Metachirus », trong ban tin cua Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky, vol. 14
1905: Mammals of Patagonia.
1905: The Influence of Physical Conditions in the Genesis of Species.
1913: Ontogenetic and Other Variations in Musk-Oxen.
1916: Autobiographical notes and a bibliography of the scientific publications of Joel Asaph Allen (Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky, New York).
1917: viet chung voi Daniel Giraud Elliot (1835-1915): A check list of mammals of the North American continent, the West Indies and the neighboring seas: supplement (Bao tang Lich su Tu nhien Hoa Ky, New York).


Chu thich Lien ket ngoai Cac tac pham cua Joel Asaph Allen tai Du an Gutenberg
Cac tac pham cua hoac noi ve Joel Asaph Allen tai Internet Archive
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir