Tieng Man Chau hay Tieng Man, thuoc ngu he Tungus, la tieng me đe cua nguoi Man Chau o vung Đong Bac Trung Quoc va tung la mot trong nhung ngon ngu chinh thuc cua trieu đai nha Thanh (1636-1912).
Thoi Thanh, tieng Man con đuoc goi la Thanh ngu hay Quoc ngu, đuoc xem la ngon ngu chinh thuc, vi vay đen nay van con luu lai rat nhieu van hien tieng Man. Giai đoan đau, van thu cua nha Thanh toan bo đeu su dung tieng Man đe ghi chep. Sau khi nhap quan bat đau su dung song song Man - Han. Vi giao luu van hoa ma tieng Man xuat hien rat nhieu tu muon tu tieng Mong Co hay tieng Han, đong thoi cung co mot bo phan tu ngu nguon goc tu cac ngon ngu khac.
Đen thoi Thanh mat, mot bo phan lon nguoi Man chi biet tieng Han, con tieng Man dan dan suy thoai. Hien nay, hau het nguoi Man Chau noi tieng Quan Thoai. Chi co chua đen 70 nguoi dung tieng Man Chau nhu tieng me đe hoac pha tron trong tong so gan 10 trieu nguoi Man Chau. Mac du tieng Tich Ba, co 40.000 nguoi su dung, đuoc xem la giong voi tieng Man Chau, nhung nguoi noi tieng Tich Ba lai song o mien vien tay Tan Cuong va la dan toc khac voi nguoi Man Chau. Tieng Man Chau đang co nguy co tuyet chung.


Nguon goc Nguoi Nu Chan co thong qua su dung hop khong ngung cua cac bo lac, đen The ky 17 thi hinh thanh mot dan toc moi - Man toc. Tieng Man cung theo tieng noi cua nguoi Man ma phat trien nen. Giong voi nhieu ngon ngu khac, trong qua trinh hinh thanh, tieng Man chiu it nhieu anh huong tu tieng Mong Co, tieng Han va mot so ngon ngu khac.
Tieng Man thuoc ho ngon ngu Man - Tungus. Cac nha nghien cuu nhan đinh, ho ngon ngu nay co tong cong 12 loai ngon ngu khac nhau, chu yeu phan bo o Trung Quoc, Nga, Xibia va Mong Co. Rieng o Trung Quoc ngoai tieng Man va tieng Nu Chan thi con co tieng Xibe (hay tieng Tich Ba), tieng Nanai (hay tieng Hach Triet), tieng Evenk (hay tieng Ngac On Khac) va tieng Oroqen (hay tieng Ngac Luan Xuan).
Suot thoi Thanh, tieng Man con đuoc goi la "Thanh ngu" hay "Quoc ngu", co tong cong 25 phu am, trong đo co 3 phu am chi chuyen dung đe viet cac tu tieng Han. Co 6 nguyen am, khong phan chia dai ngan. Co mot so quy luat ket hop nguyen am, nhung khong thuc su chat che, co hien tuong đong hoa ngu am. Cau truc chu yeu thu tu la chu ngu, tan ngu va vi ngu. Y nghia cua tu tuong đoi phong phu, co the linh hoat bieu đat y nghia ngu phap.
Tieng Man nguyen ban la tieng noi cua nguoi Nu Chan, nhung tieng Man khong đong nghia voi tieng Nu Chan. Quan he cua 2 tieng nay tuong tu nhu tieng Anh hien đai va tieng Anh trung co. 


Hien trang = Nga =
Hau due cua nguoi Xo Viet hay Lien Bang Nga su dung tieng Man chi gioi han o vung Amur.


= Trung Quoc đai luc =

Thoi Thanh trung hau ky, nguoi Man bat đau chuyen sang su dung tieng Han. Hien nay, nguoi thong thao tieng Man rat it, chi con mot so nguoi lon tuoi o Hac Long Giang va cac chuyen gia ngon ngu hoc co the su dung ngon ngu nay. Trong Đai hoc Hac Long Giang co so nghien cuu tieng Man.
Nhieu nguoi cho rang tieng Daur (Đat Oat Nhi) la tieng Man, đay la nhan đinh sai lam. Tieng Đat Oat Nhi thuoc he Mong Co, khong thuoc he Man - Tangus nhu tieng Man. Tieng Xibe (Tich Ba) la mot phuong ngon cua tieng Man.
Nhung nam gan đay, nho rat nhieu su no luc, nghien cuu tieng Man tro thanh mot khoa trong điem cua Đai hoc Hac Long Giang. Cac lop day tieng Man cung bat đau xuat hien o mot so thanh pho va tren Internet.
Ngay 1 thang 10 nam 2005, Hoi nghien cuu ngon ngu Man - Tangus (Hoc sinh xa đoan) o Đai hoc Cong trinh Cap Nhi Tan đang ky thanh lap. Ngay 23 thang 10 cung nam, bat đau ki hoc đau tien bat buoc hoc lop tieng Man so cap o Đai hoc nay. Thang 11, giao su tieng Man Trieu A Binh cua Đai hoc Hac Long Giang nhan loi moi đen Đai hoc Cong trinh mo toa đam ve tieng Man. Ngay 4 thang 9 nam 2006, bat đau ki hoc thu hai bat buoc lop tieng Man so cap.
Ngay 15 thang 5 nam 2006, Hoi sinh vien yeu thich Man ngu cua Đai hoc Nong Nghiep Đong Bac đang ky thanh lap. Ngay 27 thang 5 bat đau ki hoc đau tien giao duc bat buoc Man ngu so cap.
Thang 6 nam 2008, Hoc vien Khoa Hoc Ky Thuat cua A Thanh, Cap Nhi Tan đua Man ngu chuyen nghiep vao pham vi tuyen sinh. Tro thanh hoc vien đau tien cua Trung Quoc mo lop day Man ngu chuyen nghiep, ky đau tien chieu sinh 30 nguoi.
Thang 6 nam 2010, Đai hoc Su Pham Đong Bac mo Hiep hoi Man van Thu phap, hoi vien cua hiep hoi la 70 nguoi.


= Đai Loan =
Hau due nguoi Man o Đai Loan su dung tieng Man kha it.


Ngu am Chu Man nguyen ban co tat ca 6 nguyen am, 19 phu am. Nguyen am phan lam 3 loai la am, duong va trung tinh. Nhung nguyen am cung loai thi phoi hop hai hoa voi nhau. Cach viet tieng Man đoi voi tien to, trung to va hau to co su khac biet.


= Phu am =

Trong đo am ngac mem va am luoi ga trong tieng Man khong đoi lap (/kʰ, k, x/ ghep voi e, i, u, /qʰ, q, χ/ ghep voi a, o, u (v)), nhung trong tieng Trung lai đoi lap (/kʰ, k, x/ co the ghep voi a, o, u (v), chuyen thanh k῾ (kʼ), g῾ (gʼ), h῾ (hʼ)). Ngoai ra con co 3 phu am vay muon la: ts' (c) /ʦʰ/, dz (z) /ʦ/ va z (rʼ) /ʒ/.


= Nguyen am =

a, o va u (v) la nguyen am duong tinh, e la nguyen am am tinh, i va u la nguyen am trung tinh.


= Ket cau am tiet =


Chu viet Tieng Man su dung chu Man. Chu Man nguyen la chu Mong Co truyen thong, ma chu Mong Co truyen thong co the nguoc dong tim hieu đen chu cua nguoi Hoi Hot (tuc Chu Duy Ngo Nhi co). Chuyen ta cua chu Man co rat nhieu cach nhu Muc Lan Đuc chuyen ta (Mollendorff), Thai Thanh chuyen ta,... Tieng Nu Chan ma to tien nguoi Nu Chan su dung nguyen la chu Khiet Đan, ma chu Khiet Đan lai co nguon goc tu chu Han. Vi vay chu Nu Chan va chu Man von khong co lien he voi nhau.
Chu Han cung co the dung đe bieu đat chu Man. Co mot so nguyen am va phu am đau cua chu Man co the bieu đat tieng Han. Mot so am cuoi nhu t, n, ng va o co the su dung giong nhu vay. Nhung cac am cuoi nhu r, k, s, t, p, i va m la bieu đat cho 2 am tieng Han ghep lai voi nhau, ma trong tieng Pho thong, nhung am tiet nay khong phat am am cuoi. Vi du nhu, neu chu Man la "am" thi phien sang chu Han lai la "a-muh" (a muc).


Ngu phap Tu vung cua tieng Man gom co danh tu, đai tu, đong tu, tinh tu, pho tu, so tu, tu đung sau, lien tu, tu tuong thanh, tu tuong hinh, tu cam than, tro tu. Trong đo so tu phan lam so đem va so thu tu, tinh tu chia lam nhieu cap đo khac nhau. Đong tu chia lam cac thi, cac trang thai, cac muc đich su dung khac nhau nhu thi hien tai, thi qua khu, thi tuong lai, trang thai chu đong va bi đong, trang thai su dung, dung đe tran thuat, cau khien, hay đong tu cua cau đieu kien.
Cau ghep cua tieng Man tuong đoi phuc tap, ngu phap khac biet rat lon so voi tieng Han, nhung lai tuong đoi giong voi ngu he Altai.


Bi anh huong boi cac ngon ngu khac Mot so tu ngu = Tu đon =
Thu tu la Chuyen ta tieng Man (phien am tieng Han - phien am Han Viet): nghia cua tu

je (嗻 - zhe - cha):  La, tuan menh (nguoi duoi tra loi nguoi tren)
ja (喳 - zha - tra): ti tien, khinh bi
arsalan (阿尔薩蘭 - a nhi tat lan): su tu
tasha (它斯哈 - tha tu cap): ho
ihan (伊汗 - y han): trau
gulmahun (箍尔妈混 - co nhi mu hon): tho
muduri (母督理 - mau đoc ly): rong
morin (某林 - mo lam): ngua
sain (骰應 - đau ung): tot
dodo (多鐸 - đa đac): thai nhi
aku/akv (阿庫 - a kho): chua
balai (巴來伊 - ba lai y): can ro
bi (楅 - buc): toi
bonio/boniu (播妞 - ba nuu): khi
cahu/qahv (叉虎 - xoa ho): nguoi đan ba chanh chua
fujin (福晉 - Phuc tan): Phu nhan
ama (阿瑪 - a ma): phu than
mafa (玛法 - ma phap): lao gia, ong noi
haha (哈哈 - cap cap): đan ong
hehe (呵呵  - a a): phu nu
hala (哈拉 - cap lap): ho
aha (阿哈  - a cap): no tai
hehereku (呵呵了庫  - a a lieu kho): eo la
ilan (以藍  - di lam): so 3
muse (母色 - mau sac): chung ta
nadanju (那丹朱 - na đan chu): so 10, khi chi nguoi thuong viet Na Đan Chau (那丹珠), cung loai con co trat con chau (札昆珠 - 80) va o van chau (乌云珠 - 90)
saksaha damin (仨克仨哈 丹敏 - ba khac ba cap đan man): "Tiep bach đieu", con đieu (ken ken) nua than tren mau đen, nua than duoi mau trang, cung la giai thich chinh xac cho buc hoa "Tuyet điem đieu" cua danh hoa Lang The Ninh trieu Thanh.
waka (挖卡 - oat tap): khong phai
ombi (窝姆楅 - oa mo buc): co the
hadaba (哈搭巴 - cap cap ba): xu ninh, a dua


= Đia danh =
Mot so đia danh o Lieu Ninh, Hac Long Giang va Cat Lam cung la do am Han cua tieng Man dich thanh.

Mau Đon Giang (tieng Man: ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨᡠᠯᠠ, chuyen ta: mudan ula): con song uon luon
Truong Quang Tai Linh (tieng Man: ᠵᡠᠯᡤᡝᠨ ᠰᠠᡳᠨ ᠠᠯᡳᠨ, chuyen ta: julgen sain alin): xuat phat tu tieng A Lac So Khach cua Man Chau, nghia la cat tuong nhu y
Tung Hoa Giang (tieng Man: ᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳᡠᠯᠠ, chuyen ta: sunggari ula): thien ha hoac ngan ha
Y Xuan (tieng Man: ᡳᡧ, chuyen ta: Isun): que huong cua da long
Ho Lan: ong khoi
A Thanh (tieng Man: ᠠᠯᠴᡠᡴᠠ, Mollendorff: alcuka, đai tu đien: alcuka, Abkai: alcuka): ten goi tat cua A Lac So Khach
Tuy Phan Ha: cai dui
Cap Nhi Tan (tieng Man: ᡥᠠᠯᠪᡳᠨ, Mollendorff: Halbin, Abkai: Halbin)
Giai Moc Tu (tieng Man: ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠮᡠᠰᡳ, Mollendorff: Giyamusi, Abkai: Giyamusi): nguyen danh tieng Man la Gia Moc Tu Cat San, tram dich danh cho quan hoac tram đon tru
Cat Lam (tieng Man: ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠨᡠᠯᠠ, Mollendorff: Girin ula, Abkai: Girin ula): nguyen danh tieng Man la Cat Lam O Lap, y chi vung ven song
Hung Khai Ho: hung khai: tu cho cao chay xuong
Đo Mon Giang (tieng Man: ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨᡠᠯᠠ, chuyen ta: tumen ula): nguyen danh tieng Man von la "Tho Mon Giang". Tho mon trong tieng Man von la "Tho mon sac cam" (tieng Man: ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ, chuyen ta: tumen sekiyen), tho mon nghia la van, sac cam la đau nguon, tuc la ngon nguon cua van con song
Hai Luan: rai ca
Phap Kho (tieng Man: ᡶᠠᡴᡡ, Mollendorff: faku, đai tu đien: fakuu, Abkai: fakv): Đang (ca)
Bo Nhi Cap Thong Ha (tieng Man: ᠪᡠᡵᡥᠠᡨᡠ᠋, chuyen ta: burhatu): khoi mu luon lo
Mot so đia danh cua Nga o phia Đong cung xuat phat tu Man ngu

Tat Cap Lam Đao (tieng Man: ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ, chuyen ta: sahaliyan): đen, nguon goc tu ten goc (tieng Man: ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ ᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᠠᡩᠠ, chuyen ta: sahaliyan ula angga hada) nghia la mot hon đao (nho len) o Hac Long Giang.


Chu thich