Đia than hoac Đia nhua (tieng Anh: gramophone, phonograph, vinyl, con đuoc goi tat la record) la mot hinh thuc đong bo tin hieu am thanh vao luu tru dang đia chat lieu Polyvinyl chloride (truoc đay la son canh kien) va đuoc ghi theo tung ranh voi đo dap noi khac nhau. Cac đuong ranh đuoc đoc tu vong lon nhat cho toi tam cua chiec đia. Đia than thuong đuoc phan loai theo đuong kinh, đo bang đon vi inch (12", 10", 7"), toc đo quay (16⅔, 33⅓, 45, 78 vong/phut) va đo dai tuong ung dung luong (LP – long playing 33⅓ vong/phut, SP – 78 vong/phut, EP – 12" đia đon hoac extended play, 33 hoac 45 vong/phut); ngoai ra con theo chat luong am thanh (high-fidelity, orthophonic, full-range, v.v.) va so luong kenh am thanh (mono, stereo, quad, v.v.).

Đia than la luu tru am thanh chinh yeu cho toi tan cuoi cua the ky 20, thay the cho luu tru am thanh dang ong ke tu nhung nam 1920. Cho toi thap nien 1980, luu tru ky thuat so, đac biet voi su ra đoi cua CD, chiem uu the tren thi truong, va đia than bot xuat hien ke tu nam 1991. Tuy nhien, no van đuoc san xuat đeu đan trong the ky 21. Nam 2009, 3,5 trieu đia than đa đuoc tieu thu tai My, trong đo bao gom 3,2 trieu album – con so ky luc tinh tu nam 1998 chung to đinh dang nay van co đuoc cho đung tren thi truong. Đia than chu yeu đuoc su dung boi cac DJ cung nhu cac đai phat thanh cho rat nhieu the loai nhac khac nhau.
Theo bao cao cua RIAA vao giua nam 2020, doanh thu tu cac hang đia than lan đau tu nhung nam 1980 vuot qua doanh thu cua hang đia CD.


Xem them May hat
Cassette


Tham khao Thu muc Fadeyev, V., and C. Haber (2003). "Reconstruction of mechanically recorded sound by image processing" (PDF). Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. Quyen 51 so December. tr. 1172.{{Chu thich tap chi}}:  Quan ly CS1: nhieu ten: danh sach tac gia (lien ket)
Lawrence, Harold; "Mercury Living Presence". Compact disc liner notes. Bartok, Antal Dorati, Mercury 432 017-2. 1991.
International standard IEC 60098: Analogue audio disk records and reproducing equipment. Third edition, International Electrotechnical Commission, 1987.
College Physics, Sears, Zemansky, Young, 1974, LOC #73-21135, chapter: "Acoustic Phenomena"
Powell, James R., Jr. The Audiophile's Technical Guide to 78 rpm, Transcription, and Microgroove Recordings. 1992; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI. ISBN 0-9634921-2-8
Powell, James R., Jr. Broadcast Transcription Discs. 2001; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI. ISBN 0-9634921-4-4
Powell, James R., Jr. and Randall G. Stehle. Playback Equalizer Settings for 78 rpm Recordings. Third Edition. 1993, 2001, 2007; Gramophone Adventures, Portage, MI. ISBN 0-9634921-3-6


Đoc them From Tin Foil to Stereo: Evolution of the Phonograph by Oliver Read and Walter L. Welch
The Fabulous Phonograph by Roland Gelatt, published by Cassell & Company, 1954 rev. 1977 ISBN 0-304-29904-9
Where Have All the Good Times Gone?: The Rise and Fall of the Record Industry Louis Barfe.
Pressing the LP Record by Ellingham, Niel, published at 1 Bruach Lane, PH16 5DG, Scotland.
Sound Recordings by Peter Copeland published 1991 by the British Library ISBN 0-7123-0225-5.
Vinyl: A History of the Analogue Record by Richard Osborne. Ashgate, 2012. ISB 978-1-4094-4027-7.
"A Record Changer and Record of Complementary Design" Luu tru ngay 22 thang 11 nam 2011 tai Wayback Machine by B. H. Carson, A. D. Burt, and H. I. Reiskind, RCA Review, June 1949
"Recording Technology History: notes revised ngay 6 thang 7 nam 2005, by Steven Schoenherr", San Diego University (archived 2010)


Lien ket ngoai The manufacturing and production of shellac records. Educational video, 1942.
Reproduction of 78 rpm records Luu tru ngay 18 thang 6 nam 2015 tai Wayback Machine including equalization data for different makes of 78s and LPs.