Thuoc lac hay ecstasy, ten khoa hoc la MethyleneDioxyl-MethamphetAmine (viet tat: MDMA), la mot dang ma tuy đuoc che tao tong hop lan đau tien tu nam 1910, va 2 nam sau thuoc quyen so huu cua cong ty duoc Merck (Đuc) duoi dang chat uc che cam giac them an. Nhung ten hieu khac cua MDMA la vien lac, thuoc đien, vien chua, vien hoang hau, max, ecstasy, mecsydes, keo v.v.


Lich su Nam 1914 hang thuoc Merck xin cau chung thuoc MDMA. Luc đo, MDMA  đuoc cac bac si dung đe boi vao vet thuong giup cam mau. Nua the ky sau đo moi co nguoi thu uong thuoc lac MDMA, luc đau đe gay cam giac chan an.
Trong thap nien 1950 quan đoi Hoa Ky thi nghiem lieu đo gay tu cua loat thuoc tuong tu nhu MDMA (ky hieu EA-1475). Cho đen nam 1969 moi co tiet lo ve nhung thi nghiem nay. Cung nam, bac si Alexander Shulgin đe nghi dung thuoc MDMA cho mot vai can benh tam than. Nho kha nang gay sang khoai, thuoc MDMA dan dan tro nen thong dung o Hoa Ky cho đen thap nien 1985 thi bi cam. Tu đo, dan choi thuoc co the mua lau tai cac cau lac bo tai Dallas, cac hop đem đong tinh luyen ai va cho toi nay, thuoc MDMA rat pho bien tai cac san nhay loai nhac rave. Trong thap nien 1990, phong trao choi thuoc lac MDMA xam nhap vao cac truong đai hoc va trung hoc. Thuoc lac la mot trong cac loai thuoc cam ma tuy pho bien nhat, cung hang voi cocaine, heroin va can sa.


Su tieu khien Thuoc lac tao ra cho nguoi dung nhung cam giac đac biet. Khi thuoc co tac dung cam nhan đau tien la thay cac đau ngon tay te buon. Cac cam giac va xuc giac tro nen "Ao cam" Hung phan cao đo, cac đong tac uyen chuyen nhe nhang, chan tay mem deo. Đac biet cam thay thich thu voi loai nhac mix, nhac rap. Khi tac dung cua thuoc đa đat đen cao trao thi nguoi toat mo hoi, so anh sang, tinh than coi mo, sang khoai, thich yeu đuong, de cam thong voi nguoi chung quanh, nang cao cam giac trong co the, va tu tin...
Vi nhung tac dung nay ma thuoc lac rat pho bien tai cac vu truong. Dan xai thuoc co cam tuong minh gan giong nhu... sieu nhan, đang đuoc bay len cao co the nhay nhot nhieu va lau hon khong thay met moi, an noi hoat bat hon, thich thu hon va nhac nghe co ve hay hon. Nhung nguoi hay mac co, thieu tu tin khi xai thuoc se co cam tuong minh đuoc đoi thanh nguoi tu tin, hoat bat hon.


= Su dung trong y hoc =
Đuoc su dung chua tri tam than trong thap nien 1950 quan đoi Hoa Ky thi nghiem lieu đo gay tu cua loat thuoc tuong tu nhu MDMA (ky hieu EA-1475). Cho đen nam 1969 moi co tiet lo ve nhung thi nghiem nay. Cung nam, bac si Alexander Shulgin đe nghi dung thuoc MDMA cho mot vai can benh tam than. Nho kha nang gay sang khoai, thuoc MDMA dan dan tro nen thong dung o Hoa Ky cho đen thap nien 1985 thi bi cam. Tu đo, dan choi thuoc co the mua lau tai cac cau lac bo tai Dallas, cac hop đem đong tinh luyen ai va cho toi nay, thuoc MDMA rat pho bien tai cac san nhay loai nhac rave. Trong thap nien 1990, phong trao choi thuoc lac MDMA xam nhap vao cac truong đai hoc va trung hoc.


Tinh an toan Khong đam bao su an toan khi dung. Gay nghien, suy nhuoc the trang nhanh chong.


Xem them = Truyen thong đai chung =
Jennings, Peter. "Primetime Special: Peter Jennings - Ecstasy Rising." ABC News, April 1, 2004.
Conant, Eve. "Ecstasy: A Possible New Role for a Banned Club Drug." Newsweek, May 2, 2005.
Generation on X: An undercover look at the growing trend of teens using Ecstasy Luu tru ngay 2 thang 3 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine FOX News, April 26, 2005.
Weiss, Rick. "Use Studied to Ease Fear in Terminally Ill." The Washington Post, December 27, 2004.
Philipkoski, Kristen. "Long Trip for Psychedelic Drugs." Wired, September 27, 2004.
Philipkoski, Kristen. "DEA Approves Ecstasy Tests." Wired, March 2, 2004.
Darman, Jonathan. "Out of the Club, Onto the Couch Newsweek.com, December 5, 2003. - An interview with NYU's Dr. Julie Holland
Weiss, Rick. "Results Retracted on Ecstasy Study." The Washington Post, September 6, 2003.
Recer, Paul "Ecstasy-Parkinson's Connections?."CBS News, September 26, 2002.
Man found to have taken 40,000 tabs in 9 years - London.; The Guardian, April 4, 2006.
Wittlin, Maggie. "Hitting a High E: Italian scientists find loud music intensifies and extends the brain’s response to MDMA Luu tru ngay 13 thang 6 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine," Seed Magazine Luu tru ngay 6 thang 6 nam 2020 tai Wayback Machine (02/15/2006)


= Nghien cuu khoa hoc =
The Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS): MDMA project Luu tru ngay 4 thang 10 nam 2014 tai Wayback Machine MAPS is at the forefront of human MDMA research, having obtained FDA permits for two studies administering MDMA to human volunteers in order to explore the drug's potential psychiatric benefits (one study is already underway.)
The DEA.org's extensive Luu tru ngay 17 thang 9 nam 2016 tai Wayback Machine critique/review of the evidence against MDMA ('ecstasy') causing brain damage at common recreational doses.
This is your brain on Ecstasy Luu tru ngay 12 thang 3 nam 2007 tai Wayback Machine - A slideshow that illustrates the neuropharmacokinetics of Ecstasy (how the drug affects the brain.) Some of the information on this page is at present (July 2005) outdated.
PiHKAL entry
The MAPS research Luu tru ngay 5 thang 6 nam 2014 tai Wayback Machine library, containing downloadable copies of most of the MDMA and LSD research ever done.


= Tong quat =
Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies - A non-profit organization currently conducting FDA-approved studies with MDMA.
EcstasyData.org A database of photos and lab-test results of over 1500 pills of "Ecstasy".
Pillreports A similar database to EcstasyData, but with user-contributed photos of pills and subjective "pill reports" and ratings. Over 1600 listings (as of Jan. 2006).
DanceSafe Luu tru ngay 23 thang 3 nam 2021 tai Wayback Machine - a risk reduction site with lots of information on Ecstasy. Includes a large database of photographs of different pill types, along with laboratory analysis of what was actually found in the pill.
Erowid's Ecstasy page - lots of information
UK National Drugs Line factsheet on Ecstasy
American Council for Drug Education factsheet on Ecstasy Luu tru ngay 18 thang 2 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine
Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Ecstasy Luu tru ngay 21 thang 7 nam 2009 tai Wayback Machine
http://www.ecstasy.org
Utopian Pharmacology. Detailed essay discussing the history and uses of MDMA
TheDEA.org An ecstasy user's guide with detailed discussions of risks and scientific research.
MDMA, Personality and Human Nature: The Power to Transform People Luu tru ngay 20 thang 2 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine. Essay by Bruce Eisner, author of Ecstasy: The MDMA Story
My Daughter's Good Death - Ecstasy as a Tool for End of Life (adult content) Luu tru ngay 13 thang 6 nam 2006 tai Wayback Machine
Baggott, Matthew, and John Mendelson. "MDMA Neurotoxicity". Ecstasy: The Complete Guide. Ed. Julie Holland. Spring 2001 from www.erowid.com.
de la Torre, Rafael et al. (2000), Non-linear pharmacokinetics of MDMA (`ecstasy') in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2000; 49(2):104-9
de la Torre, Rafael & Farre, Magi (2004). Neurotoxicity of MDMA (ecstasy): the limitations of scaling from animals to humans. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 25, 505-508.
Erowid, Earth. "Do Antioxidants Protect Against MDMA Hangover, Tolerance, and Neurotoxicity?" Erowid Extracts. Dec 2001; 2:6-11.
Jennings, Peter. Ecstasy Rising, ABC television documentary. 2004-01-04.
Jones, Douglas C. et al. (2004). Thioether Metabolites of 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Inhibit Human Serotonin Transporter (hSERT) Function and Simultaneously Stimulate Dopamine Uptake into hSERT-Expressing SK-N-MC Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 311, 298-306.
Kalant H. (2001) The pharmacology and toxicology of "ecstasy" (MDMA) and related drugs. CMAJ. Oct 2;165(7):917-28. Review. PMID 11599334 Full Text
Miller, R.T. et al. (1997). 2,5-Bis-(glutathione-S-yl)-alpha-methyldopamine, a putative metabolite of (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, decreases brain serotonin concentrations. Eur J Pharmaco. 323(2-3), 173-80. Abstract retrieved ngay 17 thang 4 nam 2005, from PubMed.
Monks, T.J. et al. (2004). The role of metabolism in 3,4-(+)-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-(+)-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) toxicity. Ther Drug Monit 26(2), 132-136.
Morgan, Michael John (2000). Ecstasy (MDMA): a review of its possible persistent psychological effects. Psychopharmacology 152, 230-248.
Shankaran, Mahalakshmi, Bryan K. Yamamoto, and Gary A. Gudelsky. "Ascorbic Acid Prevents 3,4,-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)- Induced Hydroxyl Radical Formation and the Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of the Depletion of Brain 5-HT". Synapse. 2001; 40:55-64.
Strote, Jared et al. (2002). Increasing MDMA use among college students: results of a national survey. Journal of Adolescent Health 30, 64-72.
Sumnall, Harry R. & Cole, Jon C. (2005). Self-reported depressive symptomatology in community samples of polysubstance misusers who report Ecstasy use: a meta-analysis. Journal of Psychopharmacology 19(1), 84-92.
Yeh, S. Y. "Effects of Salicylate on 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 1997; Vol. 58, No. 3: 701-708.


Tham khao Lien ket ngoai