kaengreg/wikifacts-bench huggingface dataset:
Did you knowthat American systems theorist Debora Hammond explores new ways of thinking about complex systems that support more participatory forms of social organization ?
Did you knowthat Sir Richard Garth was a barrister , MP , Privy Counsellor and Chief Justice of Bengal as well as Lord of the Manor of Morden ?
Did you knowthat Bill Apiata of the Special Air Service of New Zealand was the first ever recipient of the Victoria Cross for New Zealand ?
Did you knowthat the Victoria Cross for Australia , instituted in 1991 as the highest award for gallantry that can be awarded to Australian military personnel , has yet to be awarded to anyone?
Did you knowthat Wing Commander George H. Stainforth AFC RAF was the first man to exceed 400 mph in an aircraft ?
Did you knowthat Charles A. Johns went from being a justice on the Oregon Supreme Court to a justice on the Supreme Court of the Philippines in 1921?
Did you knowin the 4th century, the Persian Chosroid Dynasty introduced Christianity as the official religion in ancient Georgia ?
Did you knowthat during the Glasgow Hillhead by-election, 1982 , future leader of the Liberal Democrats Charles Kennedy wore a sandwich board reading "The real Roy Jenkins is number 5"?
Did you knowthat national service in Cuba 's law enforcement agencies is regarded as more dangerous than serving in the country's armed forces ?
Did you knowthat Crystle Stewart won the Miss Texas USA title on her fifth attempt, after placing first runner-up for two consecutive years?
Did you knowthat news of the British victory in the Battle of Trafalgar was reported in the Gibraltar Chronicle a fortnight before it reached England ?
Did you knowthat Fernando Amorsolo was the first Filipino to be distinguished as a National Artist of the Philippines in painting?
Did you knowthat the Battle of Damascus was the final action of the Allied advance on Damascus in Syria during the Syria-Lebanon campaign in World War II ?
Did you knowthat Joseph Jukes , an English-born colonial Australian geologist , sketched the very first complete map of Australia ?
Did you knowthat authorship of a research article in fields such as genome sequencing and particle physics is sometimes claimed by over 100 scientists?
Did you knowthat the four state-owned Regional Health Authorities run all the public hospitals in Norway ?
Did you knowthat Texas Tech track and field runner Sally Kipyego is the first Kenyan woman to win an NCAA cross country individual championship?
Did you knowthat Saint Maximilian Kolbe sacrificed his life at Auschwitz to save the life of Polish Army sergeant Franciszek Gajowniczek ?
Did you knowthat the last territorial expansion of Bratislava , the capital of Slovakia , took place in 1972, creating Greater Bratislava with the 17 current boroughs ?
Did you knowthat the first shot fired by British Empire forces in World War I was targeted at the German ship Pfalz which was departing Melbourne , Australia as Britain declared war on Germany?
Did you knowthat Operation Salaam was a World War II covert operation led by the aristocratic explorer László Almásy to insert two German spies into British-held Cairo ?
Did you knowthat Hindus in the ancient Tamil country worshipped different deities depending on the landscape of the region they lived in?
Did you knowthat Yavapai is an overarching term for four distinct tribes of Native Americans from central Arizona ?
Did you knowthat the official Vatican newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano , prematurely announced the death of Bishop Donald Trautman ?
Did you knowthat Dr. Henry Woodward was the first British colonist of colonial South Carolina ?
Did you knowthat In Nomine Domini , promulgated by Pope Nicholas II in 1059, established cardinal-bishops as the sole electors of the pope ?
Did you knowthat the Pub Design Awards are annually given to exceptional pubs in the UK that have undergone construction work?
Did you knowthat the WWF in 1986 introduced a stable of masked wrestlers to keep the injured wrestler Andre the Giant on television, but off the ring?
Did you knowthat in an attempt to speed up the longest papal election in history , the magistrates of Viterbo removed the roof of the Papal Palace ?
Did you knowthat the inmates of San Pedro prison run a hotel for visiting tourists and sell cocaine to the local community?
Did you knowthat the Church Slavonic word for " nativity scene " has come to denote "the den of depravity" in modern Russian ?
Did you knowthat the novel Pioneer, Go Home! (adapted into the Elvis movie Follow that Dream ) was inspired by squatters who settled on land created when Florida built a bridge to Pine Island ?
Did you knowthat the Darjeeling Ropeway was stopped on 19 October 2003 after four tourists were killed in an accident?
Did you knowthat W. Gene Corley investigated the collapse of the World Trade Center , as well as the performance of the Murrah Building in response to the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing ?
Did you knowthat Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia gave away his cat to one of the soldiers tasked with his execution ?
Did you knowthat the first poet in the Russian language , Symeon of Polotsk , was ethnically Belarusian ?
Did you knowthat " Being Boiled ", the first single by The Human League , cost just £2.50 to record?
Did you knowthat the pentadic numbers on the Spirit Pond runestones have led to speculation that they contain an authentic record of Thorfinn Karlsefni 's expedition to Maine in 1010 ?
Did you knowthat when the Italian medalist and sculptor Leone Leoni was accused of counterfeiting by Pope Paul III 's jeweler in 1540, he came so close to killing the man that he was sent to the galleys ?
Did you knowthat Stoke City F.C. is the second-oldest English football league club, as it was founded in 1863?
Did you knowthe Efficiency Medal of Great Britain and the Commonwealth has been awarded with three different ribbons in over thirty separate countries, and featured three monarchs wearing four distinct crowns ?
Did you knowthat though George Bernard Shaw called fellow Edwardian playwright St John Hankin ’s death "a public calamity," his work was largely neglected until the 1990s?
Did you knowthat Takemoto Gidayū ' s contributions to the form of bunraku (Japanese puppet theatre) were so influential that all chanters (narrators) in bunraku are now called gidayū ?
Did you knowthat although the No Child Left Behind Act in the United States prescribes the consequences for schools failing to meet Adequate Yearly Progress , it leaves responsibility for defining that progress up to each state education agency ?
Did you knowthat David Nash, the managing director of Nash Timbers , single-handedly stopped the Australian Government's practice of burning down old railway bridges, thus saving timber up to 400 years old?
Did you knowthat in the Battle of Kissoué during the Syria-Lebanon campaign in World War II , the outnumbered defenders at Quneitra , Syria surrendered because they ran out of ammunition?
Did you knowthat the words " Never Again " were supposedly inscribed in English and Hebrew on the first warhead from Israel's nuclear program ?
Did you knowthat Confederate brigadier general James Morrison Hawes studied advanced military tactics at the Cavalry School of Saumur , France ?
Did you knowthat the Austrian Rieger Orgelbau and Czech Rieger-Kloss are two organ -building firms formed after World War II with origins in a single company?
Did you knowthat the staff of the mayor of Mirik , West Bengal vowed to spend a month's salary in SMS voting for Indian Idol contestant Prashant Tamang , the first finalist of Nepalese descent?
Did you knowthat the proglacial lakes of Minnesota were massive freshwater lakes covering many times the area of the Great Lakes at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation ?
Did you knowthat, after driving the French Republicans from Italy , Russian Field-Marshal Alexander Suvorov managed to conduct a masterful flight across the snow-capped Alps ?
Did you knowthat early 20th century German explorers mounted many expeditions to the Ramu river in German New Guinea in the hope of finding gold?
Did you knowthat in 1970, University of Oregon head baseball coach Don Kirsch fell to his death out of a second-story window at Stanford University Medical Center ?
Did you knowthat the Swan by-election, 1918 not only resulted in the election of the youngest person ever to be elected to the Parliament of Australia , but directly prompted the introduction of instant-runoff voting in Australia?
Did you knowthat scandal erupted after the Department of Justice initiated prosecution of Jackie Presser only to abruptly end it once the press revealed Presser had been an informant for the FBI for over 10 years?
Did you knowthat the Oregon Coast Range was created by a forearc basin along the Pacific Ocean ?
Did you knowthat Hugh Johns commentated for England 's only FIFA World Cup victory during his first year as a commentator?
Did you knowthat Rod Marsh was the first Australian wicketkeeper to score a century in Test cricket ?
Did you knowthat the Logan Fontenelle Housing Project in Omaha, Nebraska , along with restrictive covenants and redlining , were used to segregate African Americans in the Near North Side neighborhood?
Did you knowthat the poet Dinakara Desai is known as Chutuka Brahma (creator of chutukas ) because he invented a four-line limerick form of Kannada poetry known as chutuka ?
Did you knowthat Francis Price Blackwood , a colonial Australian naval officer and sea surveyor, charted locations like Whitsunday Island and the Great Barrier Reef ?
Did you knowthat Irish cricketer and rugby union player Dickie Lloyd was regarded as one of the most famous pupils of Portora Royal School , alongside Samuel Beckett and Oscar Wilde ?
Did you knowthat George Rogers Clark was called the "Conqueror of the Northwest " because of his victorious Illinois campaign in the American Revolutionary War ?
Did you knowthat HNoMS Heimdal became the first Norwegian ship to apprehend a ship for illegal fishing when she seized the British trawler Lord Roberts in 1911?
Did you knowthat Operation Tracer was a top-secret WWII mission in which six men were to be buried alive inside the Rock of Gibraltar so that they could monitor enemy movements after the Rock's capture?
Did you knowthat the bark of Kleinhovia hospita is used to treat hair lice in Indonesia ?
Did you knowthat Rear Admiral Sir Richard Trowbridge was the twenty-fifth Governor of Western Australia and the first officer of the Royal Navy to rise from boy seaman to captain of the Queen's yacht HMY Britannia ?
Did you knowthat the first teacher and practicing doctor in Portland, Oregon , Ralph Wilcox , killed himself with a Deringer pistol while at work at the federal court ?
Did you knowthat Sycorax , an unseen character in William Shakespeare 's The Tempest , is viewed by some as a symbol of the silenced African woman?
Did you knowthat Huynh Phu So , the founder of the Hoa Hao religious sect, converted his doctor after being put in a mental asylum by the French colonial forces?
Did you knowthat the bestselling children's book The History of the Fairchild Family by Mary Martha Sherwood inspired the character of Pip in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations ?
Did you knowthat Ariel , a sprite in William Shakespeare 's The Tempest , may be based on the biblical Ariel in Isaiah ?
Did you knowthat in 1968 Eldridge Dickey was the first African-American quarterback to be drafted to a professional American football league in the first round?
Did you knowthat Friz Freleng 's 1937 cartoon Clean Pastures narrowly evaded Hollywood Production Code censors, before being removed from distribution by United Artists in 1968?
Did you knowthat the Dawesville Channel , a 2.5 kilometre long, 200 metre wide man-made channel near Mandurah , Western Australia , was built specifically to counter algal blooms ?
Did you knowthat Bill Barber played tuba on a number of Miles Davis albums including Birth of the Cool , Miles Ahead and Sketches of Spain ?
Did you knowthat the Yamasee War of 1715-17 nearly annihilated the colony of South Carolina and paved the way for the founding of Georgia ?
Did you knowthat the Cheat Mountain salamander of West Virginia is the only vertebrate known to be unique to that state?
Did you knowthat when John Torrington ' s corpse was exhumed 138 years after his death, it was almost perfectly preserved?
Did you knowthat the United States Capitol crypt was intended as the entrance to George Washington 's tomb?
Did you knowthat the Queensland Court of Disputed Returns once heard an election dispute from a person who claimed that the Queensland Government was unconstitutional but who still wished to be elected to it?
Did you knowthat Liz Claiborne Inc. was the first company founded by a woman to make the Fortune 500 ?
Did you knowthat the Kannada film Shanti is one of just a few narrative films with only a single actor?
Did you knowthat the Trygg class was a class of three torpedo boats built for the Royal Norwegian Navy and that they were all sunk during World War II , two after having been captured by the German Kriegsmarine ?
Did you knowthat Selvarajah Rajivarnam was the fourth journalist to be killed on April 29 , during the last three years of the Sri Lankan civil war ?
Did you knowthat Dumfries House , designed by John and Robert Adam in the 1750s, was recently bought by a consortium of charities organised by Prince Charles ?
Did you knowthat the Australian legal case of D'Emden v Pedder followed United States legal precedent in holding that state and federal governments were immune from each other's laws?
Did you knowthat Nguyen Ngoc Tho , Vice President of South Vietnam under Ngo Dinh Diem , was not allowed to take part in policy discussions and was slapped at the order of Diem's brother Ngo Dinh Nhu ?
Did you knowthat the first person in Britain to suggest studying modern history was eighteenth-century clergyman Joseph Priestley ?
Did you knowthat the Stephen Wright House in Paw Paw, Illinois is located on a road that was once a stage coach and Native American trail?
Did you knowthat the film Hellbreeder's distinct look was created by being shot on color reversal stock and then cross processed ?
Did you knowthat the crown-cardinals of Austria , France , and Spain could exercise the jus exclusivae during papal conclaves from the 16th to 20th centuries ?
Did you knowthat Spiral Scratch was the first independently-released Punk rock record, and inspired a wave of DIY record labels across the United Kingdom ?
Did you knowthat although the South American Bittern is widespread, much about its life history remains little-known, due to its skulking habits?
Did you knowthat viable sperm has been extracted from cadavers up to 36 hours after the donor's death ?
Did you knowthat José María Robles Hurtado , a martyr during the Cristero War , placed the noose that would be used to hang him around his own neck, telling his executioner "Don't dirty your hands"?
Did you knowthat the Arts Club of Chicago arose from the success of the Art Institute of Chicago 's handling of the Chicago showing of the Armory Show ?
Did you knowthat Danish botanist Christen C. Raunkiær made quantitative studies of plants in literature ?
Did you knowduring the annual romeria from the Guadalajara Cathedral to the Basilica of Our Lady of Zapopan , the statue of Our Lady of Expectation is accompanied by more than 3,000,000 people?
Did you knowthat the Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge in Connecticut will be reconstructed as the first extradosed bridge in the United States ?
Did you knowthat 19th century Polish general Ludwik Mierosławski led revolutionaries in Poland , Germany and Italy ?
Did you knowthat the Hills Memorial Library of Hudson, New Hampshire had 60% of all area residents sign up for library cards in 1909, its first year of operation?
Did you knowthat the Battle for Saigon in 1955 started as Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem tried to wrest control of the police from the Binh Xuyen organised gang licensed by Emperor Bao Dai ?
Did you knowthat the War of the Two Peters , fought between Castile and Aragon during the 14th century , lasted 19 years?
Did you knowthat Antonio Salieri 's  opera Europa riconosciuta was recently revived for the re-opening of La Scala in Milan , after not being seen for 226 years after it premiered?
Did you knowthat Flight Lieutenant Bobby Gibbes landed his single-seat fighter in the North African desert in 1942 to rescue a comrade who had been shot down, jettisoning his own parachute to accommodate his passenger?
Did you knowthat the lifelong Democrat Jim Naugle is in his sixth straight term as the Mayor of Fort Lauderdale and supported only Republicans for President since 1968 ?
Did you knowthat during the 1998 Guinea-Bissau Civil War , as many as 100 refugees an hour passed through the border checkpoint of Mpack , Senegal , which has a population of 518?
Did you knowthat the Itchen Navigation canal provided an essential trading route between the historic city of Winchester and the port of Southampton ?
Did you knowthat the Bangalore Palace in India , which was built to resemble Windsor Castle in England , has hosted music concerts of bands like Aerosmith , The Rolling Stones and Deep Purple ?
Did you knowthat Jeroen Straathof is the first and still only sports person in the world to represent his country at the Summer Olympics , the Winter Olympics and the Paralympics ?
Did you knowthat Lynn Visson , a United Nations conference interpreter , is also a Russian cuisine cookbook author?
Did you know that Romanian poet, dissident, and journalist Dorin Tudoran was only allowed to leave Romania for the United States after a 42-day-long hunger strike in 1985?
Did you knowthat the Land of Onias , a region in Ptolemaic Egypt settled by Jewish military colonists, had its own Temple separate from that of Jerusalem ?
Did you knowthat the White Building in Bloomington, Illinois , represents an interesting example of the Chicago school architecture?
Did you knowthat women in the Early Pandyan Society dressed their hair differently according to their marital status?
Did you knowthat in New South Wales , a Sentencing Council which is the first of its type in Australia , conducts research to improve the consistency of sentencing of criminals?
Did you knowthat the Silurian Lau extinction event caused the Earth to temporarily return to a condition similar to how it was before multicellular life evolved?
Did you knowthat the Eastern Spinebill of Australian forests has adapted to urban gardens and can feed from Fuchsias as well as native banksias and grevilleas ?
Did you knowthat Texas has a long history of producing wine with grape vines planted by Franciscan missionaries over 100 years before vineyards were planted in California ?
Did you knowthat Marine corporal Charles W. Lindberg was part of the first flag raising on Iwo Jima hours before the famous photo was taken by Joe Rosenthal ?
Did you knowthat Nkiru Books , the oldest African American bookstore in Brooklyn , was saved from being closed down by rappers Mos Def and Talib Kweli in 2000?
Did you knowthat Hiptage benghalensis is considered a weed in Florida ?
Did you knowthat Williamsport, Pennsylvania was once known as the " Lumber Capital of the World " and is the birthplace of Little League Baseball ?
Did you knowthat the Adivasi Cobra Force was formed after ethnic conflict between Santal and Bodo erupted in 1996 ?
Did you knowthat originally a mudflat, Lido Isle in Newport Beach was one of the first master planned communities in California ?
Did you knowthat Ulley reservoir was sold to Rotherham council for £ 1 in 1980, when it was no longer needed to supply drinking water ?
Did you knowthat Robert Raymond founded Australia 's longest running current affairs television program?
Did you knowthat the steam rail motors , introduced by the Great Western Railway in 1903 to stimulate traffic, were so successful that they had to be replaced by conventional trains?
Did you knowthat Australian male singing duo Bobby & Laurie had a national number-one hit with Hitchhiker for five weeks in 1966?
Did you knowthat Fort Pasir Panjang , part of the 11 coastal fortifications built to repel the Japanese invasion, saw little action during the Battle of Singapore ?
Did you knowthat Juanelo Turriano was forced to build a second version of his Artificio de Juanelo as the city of Toledo refused to pay for the first one?
Did you knowthat legend has it that Alexander Campbell slapped a muddy handprint on a prison cell wall in 1877 which has never been removed, despite extensive efforts?
Did you knowthat the British architect William Benson was relieved from his position as Surveyor General of the Royal Works after falsely insisting that the House of Lords Chamber was in imminent danger of collapse?
Did you knowthat the airport in the Nigerian city of Calabar is named after Margaret Ekpo , the 1950s civil rights activist?
Did you knowthat the discovery of Icadyptes salasi , a prehistoric five-foot-tall penguin in Peru , has caused scientists to reconsider the timeline of penguin evolution?
Did you knowthat outlaws John Dillinger , Machine Gun Kelly , and Baby Face Nelson were tried in the historic Landmark Center in St. Paul ?
Did you knowthat money donated in 1905 by the fans at Celtic Park football stadium in Glasgow, Scotland was given to the mother of international Scottish footballer Barney Battles, Jr. while Battles was still in the womb?
Did you knowthat the newly- merged Franco-Dutch firm Unibail-Rodamco is the largest public real estate company in Europe?
Did you knowthat a portion of the Palatine Library returned to Heidelberg in 1816, almost two centuries after it was looted from city by the Catholic League ?
Did you knowthat the rotation of a star slows down as it grows older?
Did you knowthat although the first meeting of the Indian Independence League took place in Tokyo in March 1942 , it was not formally proclaimed until June of that year in Bangkok ?
Did you knowthat the professional wrestling promotion International Championship Wrestling was owned and operated by Angelo Poffo , father of wrestling legend Randy Savage , and starred Randy Savage and his brother Lanny Poffo ?
Did you knowthat abbot Gerald of Sauve-Majeure began the practice of celebrating mass and the Office of the Dead for 30 days for the recently deceased?
Did you knowthat opinion polls in Armenia suggest that 64% of its population favors eventual Armenian membership in the European Union ?
Did you knowthat sexual relations between a man and his daughter-in-law were fairly common in pre- revolutionary rural Russia ?
Did you knowthat Singapore 's Ee Hoe Hean Club , a century-old millionaires ' club for Chinese businessmen, became a headquarters of an anti- Japanese movement in Southeast Asia from 1937-1942?
Did you knowthat a community centre will be incorporated in Sengkang New Town's new sports complex ?
Did you knowthat Charles K. Landis attracted residents to his new city of Vineland, New Jersey to clear land and grow grapes, which were purchased by Thomas Bramwell Welch , founder of Welch's , to make " unfermented wine "?
Did you knowthat James W. Parker spent nine years in the Comancheria searching for his family ?
Did you knowthat the Kentucky General Assembly responded to unpopular rulings by Justice William Owsley by dissolving the Court of Appeals on which he served?
Did you knowthat the 1940s experimental aircraft Vought V-173 featured an unorthodox "all-wing" design consisting of a flat, somewhat disk-shaped body with a pair of three-bladed propellers ?
Did you knowthat Crystal Grottoes is the only show cave in the U.S. state of Maryland ?
Did you knowthat U.S. President Jimmy Carter , Nobel Prize winner Gary S. Becker and baseball player Joe Garagiola were all School Safety Patrol members?
Did you knowthat Thomas Bernard Brigham , an elderly American war veteran, killed three tourists in Central Station in Montreal, Canada hoping to intimidate Pope John Paul II prior to his 1984 visit to Canada?
Did you knowthat the Palazzo Malta in Rome , Italy was granted extraterritoriality by the Italian Government and is the property of the Sovereign Order of Malta ?