437-004-0780 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases NOTE: OAR 437-004-0790, following this rule, covers the use of LPG and natural gas in fields and orchards. This rule (0780) does not cover those applications. (1) Definitions. (a) API-ASME container — A container built to comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(C). (b) ASME container — A container built to comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(A). (c) Approved — See universal definition in 4/B. (d) Container assembly — An assembly of the container and fittings for all container openings, including shutoff valves, excess flow valves, liquid-level gaging devices, safety relief devices, and protective housing. (e) Containers — All vessels, such as tanks, cylinders, or drums, used to transport or store liquefied petroleum gases. (f) DOT — Department of Transportation. (g) DOT container — A container built to comply with 49 CFR Chapter 1. (h) DOT cylinders — cylinders meeting the requirements of 49 CFR Chapter I. (i) DOT Specifications — regulations of the Department of Transportation published in 49 CFR Chapter I. (j) Liquefied petroleum gases — “LPG” and “LP-Gas” — Any material made mostly of any of the following hydrocarbons, or mixtures of them; propane, propylene, butane (normal butane or iso-butane), and butylenes. (k) Listed — see universal definition in 4/B. (l) Movable fuel storage tenders or farm carts — Containers not more than 1,200 gallons water capacity, with wheels for towing. They are not highway vehicles, but may occasionally be moved on public roads or highways. They are a fuel supply vehicle. (m) P.S.I.A. — pounds per square inch absolute. (n) P.S.I.G. — pounds per square inch gauge. (o) Systems — an assembly of the container or containers, major devices such as vaporizers, safety relief valves, excess flow valves, regulators, and connecting piping. (p) Vaporizer-burner — an integral vaporizer-burner unit, dependent on the heat generated by the burner as the source of heat to vaporize the liquid used for dehydrators or dryers. (q) Ventilation, adequate — when specified for the prevention of fire during normal operation, ventilation is adequate when the concentration of the gas in a gas-air mixture does not exceed 25 percent of the lower flammable limit. (2) Scope. (a) Application. (A) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies to installations made according to OAR 437-004-0780(4), (5), (6) and (8), except as noted in each of those paragraphs. (B) Paragraphs OAR 437-004-0780(4) through (8) have their own application statements. (b) Exclusions. This section does not apply to: (A) LP-Gas refrigerated storage systems; (B) LP-Gas used with oxygen. The requirements of OAR 437-004-2310 apply to that use; (C) Low-pressure (not more than one-half pound per square inch or 14 inches water column) LP-Gas piping systems, and the installation and operation of residential and commercial appliances including their inlet connections, supplied through such systems. For those systems, the National Fire Protection Association Standard for the Installation of Gas Appliances and Gas Piping, NFPA 54-1996 apply. (c) Retroactivity. Unless otherwise stated, this section is not retroactive. Existing plants, appliances, equipment, buildings, structures, and installations for the storage, handling or use of LP-Gas, that met the National Fire Protection Association Standard for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases NFPA No. 58, 1995, at the time of manufacture or installation are acceptable, if their use does not cause a recognized hazard to employees. (3) Basic rules. (a) Approval of equipment and systems. (A) Each system using DOT containers according to 49 CFR Part 178 must use approved container valves, connectors, manifold valve assemblies, and regulators. (B) Each system for domestic or commercial use with containers of 2,000 gallons or less water capacity, other than those built according to 49 CFR Part 178, must have a container assembly and one or more regulators, and may include other parts. The system as a unit or the container assembly as a unit, and the regulator or regulators, must be individually listed. (C) In systems using containers of more then 2,000 gallons water capacity, each regulator, container valve, excess flow valve, gaging device, and relief valve installed on or at the container, must be listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Refer to 29 CFR 1910.7 for the definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory. (b) Requirements for construction and original test of containers. (A) Containers used with systems in OAR 437-004-0780(5), (6) and (8), except in (6)(c)(C), must comply with the Rules for Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels, section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 1968 edition. (B) Containers constructed according to the 1949 and earlier editions of the ASME Code do not have to comply with paragraphs U-2 through U-10 and U-19 of it. Do not use containers constructed according to paragraph U-70 in the 1949 and earlier editions. (C) Containers designed, constructed, and tested before July 1, 1961, according to the Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, 1951 edition with 1954 Addenda, of the American Petroleum Institute and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers are acceptable. Containers constructed according to API-ASME Code do not have to comply with section I or with appendix to section I. Paragraphs W-601 to W-606 inclusive in the 1943 and earlier editions do not apply. (D) Paragraph (3)(b)(A) above does not prohibit the use or reinstallation of containers constructed and maintained according to the standard for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases NFPA No. 58 in effect at the time of fabrication. (E) Containers used with systems covered in OAR 437-004-0780(3), (5)(c)(C), and (7), must comply with DOT specifications effective at the date of their manufacture. (c) Welding of containers. (A) Welding to the shell, head, or any other part of the container subject to internal pressure, must comply with the code under which the tank was built. Other welding is permitted only on saddle plates, lugs, or brackets attached to the container by the tank manufacturer. (B) Welding of DOT containers, must be done by a qualified manufacturer making containers of the same type, and must comply with DOT regulations. (d) Markings on containers. (A) Each container in (3)(b)(A) above, except as in (3)(b)(D) above must have these markings: (i) A mark identifying compliance with, and other markings required by, the rules of the reference under which the container is constructed; or with the stamp and other markings required by the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors. (ii) Notation as to whether the container is designed for underground or aboveground installation or both. If intended for both and different style hoods are provided, the marking must indicate the proper hood for each type of installation. (iii) The name and address of the supplier of the container, or with the trade name of the container. (iv) The water capacity of the container in pounds or gallons, U.S. Standard. (v) The pressure in p.s.i.g., for which the container is designed. (vi) The wording “This container must not contain a product with a vapor pressure in excess of ___ p.s.i.g. at 100°F,” see (m)(G). (vii) The tare weight in pounds or other identified unit of weight for containers with a water capacity of 300 pounds or less. (viii) Marking indicating the maximum level to which the container may be filled with liquid at temperatures between 20°F and 130°F, except on containers provided with fixed maximum level indicators or which are filled by weighing. Markings must be increments of not more than 20°F. This marking may be located on the liquid level gaging device. (ix) The outside surface area in square feet. (B) Marks must be on a metal nameplate attached to the container and visible after installation of the container. (C) When storing or using LP-Gas and one or more other gases in the same area, the containers must identify their content. (e) Location of containers and regulating equipment. (A) Containers, and first stage regulating equipment if used, must be outside buildings, except under one or more of the following: (i) In buildings used exclusively for container charging, vaporization pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution. (ii) For portable use according to OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e). (iii) LP-Gas fueled engines according to OAR 437-004-0780 (6)(j) or (k). (iv) LP-Gas fueled industrial trucks used according to OAR 437-004-0780(6)(l). (v) LP-Gas fueled vehicles garaged according to OAR 437-004-0780(6)(m). (vi) Containers awaiting use or resale when stored according to OAR 437-004-0780(7). (B) Place individual containers with respect to the nearest building or group of buildings according to Table 1. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (C) Do not stack containers on each other during use. (D) Keep easily ignitible material such as weeds and long dry grass 10 feet away from containers. (E) Keep at least 20 feet between liquefied petroleum gas containers and flammable liquid tanks. The minimum separation between a container and the centerline of the dike is 10 feet. This does not apply when LP-Gas containers of 125 gallons or less capacity are next to Class III flammable liquid tanks of 275 gallons or less capacity. (F) Prevent the accumulation of flammable liquids under adjacent liquefied petroleum gas containers by diking, diversion curbs, grading or the equivalent. (G) Do not put liquefied petroleum gas containers within the dikes around flammable liquid tanks. (f) Container valves and container accessories. (A) Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container including primary shutoff valves, must have a rated working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. and be suitable for LP-Gas service. Do not use cast iron. This does not prohibit the use of container valves made of malleable or nodular iron. (B) Connections to containers, except safety relief connections, liquid level gaging devices, and plugged openings, must have shutoff valves as close to the container as practicable. (C) Excess flow valves, must close automatically at the rated flows of vapor or liquid as specified by the manufacturer. The connections or line including valves, fittings, etc., being protected by an excess flow valve must have a greater capacity than the rated flow of the excess flow valve. (D) Liquid level gaging devices do not need excess flow valves if their outward flow is less than would pass through a .055 inch opening. (E) Openings from the container or through fittings attached directly to it with a pressure gauge connected do not need shutoff or excess flow valves if they are not larger than .055 inch. (F) Except as in OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e)(A)(ii), excess flow and back pressure check valves required here must be inside the container or at an outside point where the line enters the container. In the latter case, make installation so that strain beyond the excess flow or back pressure check valve will not cause a break between the container and the valve. (G) Excess flow valves must have a bypass, not to exceed a .040 inch opening to allow equalization of pressures. (H) Containers with water capacity between 30 gallons and 2,000 gallons, filled by volume and made after December 1, 1963, must fill into the vapor space. (g) Piping — including pipe, tubing, and fittings. (A) Pipe, except as in OAR 437-004-0780(6)(f)(A), must be wrought iron or steel (black or galvanized), brass, copper, or aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy pipe must be at least Schedule 40. Do not use alloy 5456. Protect aluminum alloy pipe against external corrosion when it contacts dissimilar metals other than galvanized steel. Also protect it when it is subject to repeated wetting by such liquids as water (except rainwater), detergents, sewage, or leaking from other piping, or it passes through flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation. Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized inside and out, is good protection. The maximum nominal pipe size for aluminum pipe is 3/4 inch. Limit pressures to less than 20 p.s.i.g. Do not install aluminum alloy pipe within 6 inches of the ground. (i) Vapor piping with operating pressures not more than 125 p.s.i.g. must be suitable for a working pressure of at least 125 p.s.i.g. It must be at least Schedule 40 (ASTM A-53-69, Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal). (ii) Vapor piping with operating pressures more than 125 p.s.i.g. and all liquid piping must be suitable for a working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. It must be at least Schedule 80 if it has threaded or threaded and back welded joints. It must be at least Schedule 40 (ASTM A-53-69 Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal) if it has welded, or welded and flanged joints. (B) Tubing must be seamless and of copper, brass, steel, or aluminum alloy. Copper tubing must be type K or L or equivalent as covered in the Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-1970 (ASTM B88-69). Aluminum alloy tubing must be Type A or B or equivalent as in Specification ASTM B210-68. It must have markings every 18 inches indicating compliance with ASTM Specifications. The minimum nominal wall thickness of copper tubing and aluminum alloy tubing is in Table 2 and Table 3. [Tables not included. See ED. NOTE.] Protect aluminum alloy tubing against external corrosion when it contacts dissimilar metals other than galvanized steel. Also protect it when it is subject to repeated wetting by liquids such as water (except rainwater), detergents, sewage, or leakage from other piping, or it passes through flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation. Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized inside and out, is good protection. The maximum outside diameter for aluminum alloy tubing is 3/4 inch. Limit pressures to less than 20 p.s.i.g. Do not install aluminum alloy pipe within 6 inches of the ground. NOTE: The standard size to designate tubing is 1/8 inch smaller than its nominal outside diameter. (C) Pipe jointmay be screwed, flanged, welded, soldered, or brazed with a material with a melting point more than 1,000°F. Joints on seamless copper, brass, steel, or aluminum alloy gas tubing must be made with approved gas tubing fittings, or soldered or brazed with a material having a melting point more than 1,000° F. (D) For operating pressures of 125 p.s.i.g. or less, fittings must withstand a pressure of at least 125 p.s.i.g. For operating pressures above 125 p.s.i.g., fittings withstand a minimum of 250 p.s.i.g. (E) You may not use threaded cast iron pipe fittings such as ells, tees, crosses, couplings, and unions. Use aluminum alloy fittings with aluminum alloy pipe and tubing. Use insulated fittings where aluminum alloy pipe or tubing connects with a dissimilar metal. (F) Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, pumps, etc., are not pipe fittings. This does not prohibit the use of malleable, nodular, or higher strength gray iron for such equipment. (G) All materials such as valve seats, packing, gaskets, diaphragms, etc., must be resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gas. (H) After assembly, test all piping, tubing, or hose at not less than normal operating pressures. After installation, test piping and tubing with a manometer or similar tester that shows a pressure drop. There must be no leaks. Do not test with a flame. (I) Use flexible connections to compensate for expansion, contraction, jarring, vibration, and settling. (J) Piping outside buildings may be buried, aboveground, or both. It must have good support and protection against physical damage. Where soil conditions warrant, protect piping against corrosion. Where condensation may occur, the piping must pitch back to the container, or there must be another way to change the condensate back to a vapor. (h) Hose specifications. (A) Hose must be made of materials that are resistant to the action of LP-Gas. If the hose has wire braid reinforcing, it must be corrosion-resistant. (B) Mark hose for container pressure “LP-Gas” or “LPG” at least every 10 feet. (C) Hose for container pressure must have a bursting pressure rating of not less than 1,250 p.s.i.g. (D) Hose for container pressure must be listed (see definitions in subdivision B). (E) Hose connections for container pressure must withstand, without leaks, a test pressure of at least 500 p.s.i.g. (F) Hose and hose connections on the low-pressure side of the regulator or reducing valve must have a bursting pressure rating of not less than 125 p.s.i.g. or five times the set pressure of the relief devices protecting that portion of the system, whichever is higher. (G) Hose is acceptable on the low-pressure side of regulators to connect to other than domestic and commercial gas appliances if: (i) The appliances connected with a hose are portable and need a flexible connection. (ii) For use inside buildings the hose must be of minimum practical length, but not more than 6 feet except as in OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e)(A)(vii). It may not extend from one room to another, nor pass through any walls, partitions, ceilings, or floors. Such hose must be in view and not concealed. Outside buildings, the hose may be longer but must be as short as practical. (iii) Use only approved hose. Do not use it where temperatures are likely to be more than 125°F. Securely connect the hose to the appliance and do not use rubber slip ends. (iv) The shutoff valve for an appliance connected by hose must be in the metal pipe or tubing and not at the appliance end of the hose. When shutoff valves are installed close to each other, take precautions to prevent operation of the wrong valve. (v) Protect hose connected to wall outlets from physical damage. (i) Safety devices. (A) Every container except those meeting DOT specifications and every vaporizer (except motor fuel vaporizers and except vaporizers in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(j)(B)(iii) and (5)(d)(E)(i)) whether heated by artificial means or not, must have one or more spring loaded safety relief valves. These valves must allow free venting to the outer air with discharge not less than 5 feet horizontally away from any opening into nearby buildings. The rate of discharge must meet the requirements of (3)(i)(B) or (3)(i)(C) below for vaporizers. (B) The minimum rate of discharge in cubic feet per minute of air at 120 percent of the maximum permitted start to discharge pressure for safety relief valves on containers other than DOT containers must be as follows: [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (C) Minimum Required Rate of Discharge for Safety Relief Valves for Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vaporizers (Steam Heated, Water Heated, and Direct Fired). Determine the minimum required rate of discharge for safety relief valves as follows: (i) Obtain the total surface area by adding the surface area of the vaporizer shell in square feet directly in contact with LP-Gas and the heat exchanged surface area in square feet directly in contact with LP-Gas. (ii) Obtain the minimum required rate of discharge in cubic feet of air per minute, at 60°F and 14.7 p.s.i.a. from (3)(i)(B) above, for this total surface area. (D) Container and vaporizer safety relief valves must be set to start-to-discharge, with relation to the design pressure of the container, according to Table 4. (E) Safety relief devices used with systems having other than DOT containers must discharge at not less than the rates in (3)(i)(B) above, before the pressure is more than 120 percent of the maximum (not including the 10 percent in (3)(i)(D) above) permitted start to discharge pressure setting of the device. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (F) Some places have continuous high temperatures that require storage of a lower vapor pressure product or the use of a higher designed pressure vessel to prevent the safety valves opening. As an alternative use cooling devices like sprayers, shade or other methods. (G) Place safety relief valves to discourage tampering. If pressure setting or adjustment is external, the relief valves must have approved means for sealing adjustment. (H) Shutoff valves must not be between the safety relief devices and the container, or the equipment or piping to which the safety relief device is connected unless there is full required capacity flow through the safety relief device. (I) Safety relief valves must have direct communication with the vapor space of the container at all times. (J) Mark each container safety relief valve used with systems covered by OAR 437-004-0780(5), (6), and (8), except as in (6)(c)(C) as follows: (i) “Container Type” of the pressure vessel on which the valve is designed to be installed; (ii) The pressure in p.s.i.g. at which the valve will discharge; (iii) The actual rate of discharge of the valve in cubic feet per minute of air at 60°F and 14.7 p.s.i.a.; (iv) The manufacturer’s name and catalog number, for example: T200-250-4050 AIR — indicating that the valve is suitable for use on a Type 200 container that it is set to start to discharge at 250 p.s.i.g., and (v) That its rate of discharge is 4,050 cubic feet per minute of air as noted in OAR 437-004-0780(i)(B). (K) Safety relief valve assemblies, including their connections, must provide the rate of flow required for the container on which they are installed. (L) A hydrostatic relief valve must be between each pair of shut-off valves on liquefied petroleum gas liquid piping to discharge into a safe atmosphere. The start-to-discharge pressure setting must not be more than 500 p.s.i.g. The minimum setting on relief valves in piping connected to other than DOT containers must not be lower than 140 percent of the container relief valve setting and in piping connected to DOT containers not lower than 400 p.s.i.g. The start-to-discharge pressure setting of a relief valve installed on the discharge side of a pump, must be more than the maximum pressure permitted by the recirculation device in the system. (M) Safety relief devices must not discharge in or beneath a building, except devices covered by OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(A)(i) through (iv), or (4)(d)(A) or (e). (N) Container safety relief devices and regulator relief vents must be at least five (5) feet in any direction from air openings into sealed combustion system appliances or mechanical ventilation air intakes. (j) Vaporizer and housing. (A) Indirect fired vaporizers using steam, water, or other heating medium must comply with the following: (i) Vaporizers must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(A)–(C) and have permanent marks as follows: (I) The code marking signifying the specifications of the vaporizer. (II) The allowable working pressure and temperature for the vaporizer. (III) The sum of the outside surface area and the inside heat exchange surface area in square feet. (IV) The name or symbol of the manufacturer. (ii) Vaporizers with an inside diameter of 6 inches or less exempted by the ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code — 1968 must have a design pressure not less than 250 p.s.i.g. and need no permanent marks. (iii) Do not install heating or cooling coils inside a storage container. (iv) Vaporizers are acceptable in buildings, rooms, sheds, or lean-tos used exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, or in other structures of light, noncombustible construction or equivalent, well ventilated near the floor line and roof. When vaporizing and/or mixing equipment is in a structure or building not used exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, either attached to or within such a building, separate the structure or room from the rest of the building with a wall that will withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot. This wall must have no openings or pipe or conduit passing through it. Such structure or room must have enough ventilation and must have a roof or at least one exterior wall of lightweight construction. (v) Vaporizers must have, at or near the discharge, a relief valve with an discharge rate complying with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(C), except as in (4)(d)(F)(i). (vi) The heating medium lines into and leaving the vaporizer must have suitable means for preventing gas flow into the heat systems in the event of tube rupture in the vaporizer. Vaporizers must have suitable automatic means to prevent liquid passing through the vaporizers to the gas discharge piping. (vii) The device that supplies the necessary heat for producing steam, hot water, or other heating medium may be in a building, compartment, room, or lean-to that must have ventilation near the floorline and roof to the outside. A wall that can withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot must separate the device from all compartments or rooms that have liquefied petroleum gas vaporizers, pumps, and central gas mixing devices. This wall must have no openings or pipes or conduit passing through it. This requirement does not apply to the domestic water heaters that may supply heat for a vaporizer in a domestic system. (viii) Gas-fired heating systems supplying heat exclusively for vaporization purposes must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to main burners, if the pilot light should fail. (ix) Vaporizers may be an integral part of a fuel storage container directly connected to the liquid section or gas section or both. (x) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs. (xi) Vaporizer houses must not have unprotected drains to sewers or sump pits. (B) Atmospheric vaporizers using heat from the ground or surrounding air must be as follows: (i) Buried underground; or (ii) Inside the building close to a point at which pipe enters the building if the capacity of the unit does not exceed 1 quart. (iii) Vaporizers of less than 1 quart capacity heated by the ground or surrounding air, need not have relief valves if adequate tests show that the assembly is safe without them. (C) Make, mark and install direct gas-fired vaporizers as follows: (i)(I) In accordance with the requirements of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code — 1968 that are applicable to the maximum working conditions for which the vaporizer is designed. (II) With the name of the manufacturer; rated Btuinput to the burner; the area of the heat exchange surface in square feet; the outside surface of the vaporizer in square feet; and the maximum vaporizing capacity in gallons per hour. (ii)(I) Vaporizers may be connected to the liquid section or the gas section of the storage container, or both; but in any case there must be at the container a manually operated valve in each connection to permit completely shutting off when desired, of all flow of gas or liquid from container to vaporizer. (II) Vaporizers with capacity not more than 35 gallons per hour must be at least 5 feet from container shutoff valves. Vaporizers with capacity of more than 35 gallons but not more than 100 gallons per hour must be at least 10 feet from the container shutoff valves. Vaporizers with a capacity more than 100 gallons per hour must be at least 15 feet from container shutoff valves. (iii) Vaporizers may be in buildings, rooms, housings, sheds, or lean-tos used exclusively for vaporizing or mixing of liquefied petroleum gas. Vaporizing housing structures must be of non-combustible construction, well ventilated near the floorline and the highest point of the roof. When vaporizer and/or mixing equipment is located in a structure or room attached to or within a building, such structure or room must be separated from the remainder of the building by a wall that can withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot. This wall must have no openings or pipes or conduit passing through it. Such structure or room must have adequate ventilation, and must have a roof or at least one exterior wall of lightweight construction. (iv) Vaporizers must have at or near the discharge, a relief valve with an effective discharge rate complying with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(C). The relief valve must not be subjected to temperatures more than 140°F. (v) Vaporizers must have suitable automatic means to prevent liquid passing from the vaporizer to the gas discharge piping of the vaporizer. (vi) Vaporizers must have means for manually turning off the gas to the main burner and pilot. (vii) Vaporizers must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to main burners if the pilot light should fail. When the flow through the pilot is more than 2,000 Btuper hour, the pilot also must have an automatic device to shut off the flow of gas to the pilot if the pilot flame goes out. (viii) Pressure regulating and pressure reducing equipment if within 10 feet of a direct fire vaporizer must be separated from the open flame by a substantially airtight noncombustible partition or partitions. (ix) Except as in (iii), keep the following minimum distances between direct fired vaporizers and the nearest building or group of buildings: (I) Ten feet for vaporizers with a capacity of 15 gallons per hour or less vaporizing capacity. (II) Twenty-five feet for vaporizers with a vaporizing capacity of 16 to 100 gallons per hour. (III) Fifty feet for vaporizers with a vaporizing capacity more than 100 gallons per hour. (x) Direct fired vaporizers must not raise the product pressure above the design pressure of the vaporizer equipment or raise the product pressure within the storage container above the pressure in the second column of Table H-8. (xi) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs. (xii) Vaporizers must not have unprotected drains to sewers or sump pits. (D) Install and use direct gas-fired tank heaters as follows: (i) Direct gas-fired tank heaters, and tanks to which they are applied, must only be above ground. (ii) Tank heaters must have permanent markings with the name of the manufacturer, the rated Btu input to the burner, and the maximum vaporizing capacity in gallons per hour. (iii) Tank heaters may be an integral part of a fuel storage container directly connected to the container liquid section, or vapor section, or both. (iv) Tank heaters must have a means for manually turning off the gas to the main burner and pilot. (v) Tank heaters must have an automatic device to shut off the flow of gas to main burners, if the pilot light should fail. When flow through pilot exceeds 2,000 Btu per hour, the pilot also must have an automatic safety device to shut off the gas to the pilot if the pilot flame goes out. (vi) Separate pressure regulating and pressure reducing equipment if within 10 feet of a direct fired tank heater, from the open flame by a substantially airtight noncombustible partition. (vii) Keep these minimum distances between a storage tank heated by a direct fired tank heater and the nearest important building or group of buildings: (I) Ten feet for storage containers of less than 500 gallons water capacity. (II) Twenty-five feet for storage containers of 500 to 1,200 gallons water capacity. (III) Fifty feet for storage containers of over 1,200 gallons water capacity. (viii) No direct fired tank heater must raise the product pressure within the storage container over 75 percent of the pressure set out in the second column of Table H-8. (E) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners used for dehydrators or dryers must be outside of buildings and as follows: (i) Vaporizer-burners must have a minimum design pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. with a factor of safety of five. (ii) Manually operated positive shut-off valves must be at the containers to shut off all flow to the vaporizer-burners. (iii) Minimum distances between storage containers and vaporizer-burners is as follows: [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (iv) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners must have a hydrostatic relief valve. The relief valve must not be subjected to temperatures more than of 140°F. The start-to-discharge pressure setting must be set protect the components involved, but not less than 250 p.s.i.g. The discharge must be upward and away from component parts of the equipment and away from operating personnel. (v) Vaporizer-burners must have means for manually turning off the gas to the main burner and pilot. (vi) Vaporizer-burners must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to the main burner and pilot if it goes out. (vii) Locate or protect pressure regulating and control equipment so that the temperatures surrounding this equipment do not exceed 140°F except that you may use equipment components at higher temperatures if designed to withstand such temperatures. (viii) Pressure regulating and control equipment when downstream of the vaporizer must be able to withstand the maximum discharge temperature of the vapor. (ix) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners must not have fusible plugs. (x) Vaporizer coils or jackets must be ferrous metal or high temperature alloys. (xi) Equipment using vaporizer-burners must have automatic shutoff devices upstream and downstream of the vaporizer section connected to operate in case of excessive temperature, flame failure, and, if applicable, insufficient airflow. (k) Filling densities. (A) The “filling density” is the percent ratio of the weight of the gas in a container to the weight of water the container will hold at 60°F. Fill containers according to the filling densities in Table 5. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (B) Except as in (3)(k)(C) below, any container including mobile cargo tanks and portable tank containers, shipped under DOT jurisdiction or made according to 49 CFR Chapter I Specifications must be charged according to 49 CFR Chapter I requirements. (C) Portable containers not subject to DOT jurisdiction (such as, but not limited to, motor fuel containers on industrial and lift trucks, and farm tractors in OAR 437-004-0780(6), or containers recharged at the installation) may be filled either by weight, or by volume using a fixed length dip tube gaging device. (l) LP-Gas in buildings. (A) Pipe vapor into buildings at pressures more than 20 p.s.i.g. only if the buildings or separate areas: (i) Comply with this section; (ii) Are used only for vaporization equipment, pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution, or to house internal combustion engines, industrial processes, research and experimental laboratories, or equipment and processes using such gas and with a similar hazard; (iii) Buildings, structures, or equipment under construction or undergoing major renovation. (B) Liquid is permitted in buildings as follows: (i) Buildings, or separate areas of buildings, used exclusively to house equipment for vaporization, pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution, or to house internal combustion engines, industrial processes, research and experimental laboratories, or equipment and processes using such gas and having a similar hazard; and when such buildings, or separate areas are constructed according to this section. (ii) Buildings, structures, or equipment under construction or undergoing major renovation if the temporary piping meets the following conditions: (I) Liquid piping inside the building must conform to the requirements of OAR 437-004-0780(3)(g), and must not exceed three-fourths iron pipe size. Copper tubing with an outside diameter of 3/4 inch or less is acceptable if it conforms to Type K of Specifications for Seamless Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-1970 (ASTM B88-69) (see Table 24). All such piping must have protection against construction hazards. Liquid piping inside buildings must be kept to a minimum. Fasten such piping securely to walls or other surfaces for adequate protection from breakage and place it to subject the liquid line to lowest ambient temperatures. (II) There must be a shutoff valve in each intermediate branch line where it takes off the main line. A shutoff valve must also be at the appliance end of the intermediate branch line. Such shutoff valves must be upstream of any flexible connector used with the appliance. (III) Suitable excess flow valves must be in the container outlet line supplying liquid LP-Gas to the building. A suitable excess flow valve must be immediately downstream of each shutoff valve. Suitable excess flow valves must be installed and sized where piping size is reduced. (IV) Hydrostatic relief valves must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(l). (V) Do not use hose to carry liquid between the container and the building or at any point in the liquid line, except at the appliance connector. (VI) Where flexible connectors are necessary for appliance installation, make them as short as practicable and they must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(g)(B) or (h). (VII) Minimize the release of fuel by either of the following methods when any section of piping or appliances is disconnected. (C) Using an approved automatic quick-closing coupling (a type closing in both directions when coupled in the fuel line); or (D) Closing the valve nearest to the appliance and allowing the appliance to operate until the fuel in the line is consumed. (E) Do not take portable containers into buildings except as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(A). (m) Transfer of liquids. The employer must assure that: (A) At least one attendant stays close to the transfer connection, during the transfer of the product. (B) Do not use or refill containers made according to 49 CFR Part 178 and authorized by 49 CFR Chapter 1 as a “single trip” or “nonrefillable container." (C) Do not vent gas or liquid to the atmosphere while transferring contents of one container to another, except as in OAR 437-004-0780(6)(e)(D). This does not preclude the use of listed pumps that use LP-Gas vapor as a source of energy. They may vent to the atmosphere at a rate not more than that from a .1200 inch opening. Such venting and liquid transfer must be at least 50 feet from the nearest building. (D) Filling of fuel containers for industrial trucks or motor vehicles from industrial bulk storage containers must be at least 10 feet from the nearest masonry-walled building or at least 25 feet from the nearest building or other construction and in any case, not less than 25 feet from any building opening. (E) Filling of portable containers, containers on skids, fuel containers on farm tractors, or similar applications, from storage containers used in domestic or commercial service, must be at least 50 feet from the nearest building. (F) The filling connection and the vent from the liquid level gages in containers, filled at point of installation, must be at least 10 feet in any direction from air openings into sealed combustion system appliances or mechanical ventilation air intakes. (G) Gage and charge fuel supply containers only in the open air or in buildings especially for that purpose. (H) The maximum vapor pressure of the product at 100°F during transfer into a container must comply with paragraphs OAR 437-004-0780(c)(2) and (d)(3). (For DOT containers use DOT requirements.) (I) Use only gases for which the system is designed, examined, and listed, particularly regarding pressures. (J) Pumps or compressors must be designed for use with LP-Gas. When using compressors they must take suction from the vapor space of the container being filled and discharge to the vapor space of the container being emptied. (K) Pumping systems, with a positive displacement pump, must have a recirculating device that limits the differential pressure on the pump under normal operating conditions to its maximum differential pressure rating. Protect the discharge of the pumping system so that pressure is never more than 350 p.s.i.g. If a recirculation system discharges into the supply tank and has a manual shutoff valve, there must be an adequate secondary safety recirculation system that has no means of making it inoperative. Manual shutoff valves in recirculation systems must be open except during an emergency or when the system is under repair. (L) When necessary, unloading piping or hoses must have suitable bleeder valves to relieve pressure before disconnection. (M) Agricultural air moving equipment, including crop dryers, must be off when filling supply containers unless the air intakes and sources of ignition are at least 50 feet from the container. (N) Agricultural equipment using open flames or equipment with integral containers, such as flame cultivators, weed burners, and, tractors, must be off during refueling. (n) Tank car or transport truck loading or unloading points and operations. (A) The track of tank car sidings must be relatively level. (B) A “Tank Car Connected” sign, as covered by DOT rules, must be at the active end or ends of the siding while the tank car is connected. (C) While cars are on sidetrack for loading or unloading, block the wheels at both ends. (D) The employer must insure that an employee is always present during loading or unloading of tank cars or trucks. (E) A backflow check valve, excess-flow valve, or a shutoff valve with means of remote closing, to protect against uncontrolled discharge of LP-Gas from storage tank piping must be close to the point where the liquid piping and hose or swing joint pipe connect. (F) Except as in (3)(n)(G) below, when the size (diameter) of the loading or unloading hoses and/or piping is reduced below the size of the tank car or transport truck loading or unloading connections, the adaptors to which lines are attached must have either a backflow check valve, a properly sized excess flow valve, or shutoff valve with means of remote closing, to protect against uncontrolled discharge from the tank car or transport truck. (G) The requirement of (3)(n)(F) above does not apply if the tank car or transport has a quick-closing internal valve that remotely closes. (H) The location of the tank car or transport truck loading or unloading point must consider the following: (i) Nearness to railroads and highway traffic. (ii) With respect to buildings on installer’s property. (iii) Nature of occupancy. (iv) Topography. (v) Type of construction of buildings. (vi) Number of tank cars or transport trucks that may be safely loaded or unloaded at one time. (vii) Frequency of loading or unloading. Where practical, the distance of the unloading or loading point must conform to the distances in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(B). (o) Instructions. Personnel performing installation, removal, operation, and maintenance work must have proper training. (p) Electrical equipment and other sources of ignition. (A) Fixed electrical equipment in classified areas must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(q). Other electrical equipment and wiring must comply with 4/S. (B) There must be no open flames or other sources of ignition in vaporizer rooms (except those housing direct-fired vaporizers), pump houses, container charging rooms or other similar locations. Direct-fired vaporizers may not be in pump houses or container charging rooms. (C) Liquefied petroleum gas storage containers do not require lightning protection. (D) Since liquefied petroleum gas is in a closed system of piping and equipment, the system does not need to be electrically conductive or electrically bonded for protection against static electricity. (E) Open flames, cutting or welding, portable electric tools, and extension lights capable of igniting LP-Gas, must not be in classified areas in Table 6 unless the LP-Gas facilities are free of all liquid and vapor. [Table and Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (q) Fixed electrical equipment in classified areas. Fixed electrical equipment and wiring in classified areas in Table 6 must comply with Table 6 and subdivision 4/S. This provision does not apply to fixed electrical equipment at residential or commercial installations of LP-Gas systems or to systems covered by OAR 437-004-0780(4). (r) Liquid-level gaging device. (A) Each container made after December 31, 1965, and filled on a volumetric basis must have a fixed liquid-level gage to indicate the maximum filling level as in OAR 437-004-0780(b)(19)(v). Each container made after December 31, 1969, must have permanently attached to the container adjacent to the fixed level gage a marking showing the percentage full that will be shown by that gage. When there is also a variable liquid-level gage, the fixed gage will also serve as a way to check the variable gage. OAR 437-004-0780(b)(12) requires these gages in charging containers. (B) Arrange all variable gaging devices so that the maximum allowed liquid level for butane, for a 50-50 mixture of butane and propane, and for propane, is readily determinable. The markings indicating the various liquid levels from empty to full must be on the system nameplate or gaging device or part may be on the system nameplate and part on the gaging device. Dials of magnetic or rotary gages must show whether they are for cylindrical or spherical containers and whether for aboveground or underground service. The dials of gages intended for use only on aboveground containers of over 1,200 gallons water capacity must be so marked. (C) Gaging devices that require bleeding of the product to the atmosphere, such as the rotary tube, fixed tube, and slip tube, must have a bleed valve maximum opening not larger than .0550 inch, unless they have an excess flow valve. (D) Gaging devices must have a design working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. (E) Length of tube or position of fixed liquid-level gage must indicate the maximum fill level of the container for the product contained. This level must be based on the volume of the product at 40°F at its maximum permitted filling density for aboveground containers and at 50°F for underground containers. The employer must calculate the filling point for which the fixed liquid level gage must be designed according to the method in this subdivision. (i) It is impossible to set out in a table the length of a fixed dip tube for various capacity tanks because of the varying tank diameters and lengths and because the tank may be installed either in a vertical or horizontal position. Knowing the maximum permitted filling volume in gallons, however, the length of the fixed tube can be determined by the use of a strapping table obtained from the container manufacturer. The length of the fixed tube should be such that when its lower end touches the surface of the liquid in the container, the contents of the container will be the maximum permitted volume as determined by the following formula: [Formula not included. See ED. NOTE.] (ii) Formula for determining maximum volume of liquefied petroleum gas for which a fixed length of dip tube must be set: [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (iii) The maximum volume of LP-Gas that can be in a container when determining the length of the dip tube expressed as a percentage of total water content of the container is calculated by the following formula. (iv) The maximum weight of LP-Gas which may be placed in a container for determining the length of a fixed dip tube is determined by multiplying the maximum volume of liquefied petroleum gas obtained by the formula in (3)(r)(E)(i) above by the pounds of liquefied petroleum gas in a gallon at 40°F for aboveground and at 50°F for underground containers. For example, typical pounds per gallon are below: [Formula not included. See ED. NOTE.] (F) Fixed liquid-level gages on containers other than DOT containers must be stamped on the exterior of the gage with the letters “DT” followed by the vertical distance (expressed in inches and carried out to one decimal place) from the top of container to the end of the dip tube or to the centerline of the gage when it is at the maximum permitted filling level. For portable containers that may be filled in the horizontal and/or vertical position the letters “DT” must be followed by “V” with the vertical distance from the top of the container to the end of the dip tube for vertical filling and with “H” followed by the proper distance for horizontal filling. For DOT containers the stamping must be both on the exterior of the gage and on the container. On above-ground or cargo containers where the gages are positioned at specific levels, the marking may be in percent of total tank contents and the marking must be on the container. (G) Columnar gage glasses must be restricted to charging plants where the fuel is withdrawn in the liquid only. They must have valves with metallic handwheels, excess flow valves, and extra-heavy glass adequately protected with a metal housing applied by the gage manufacturer. They must be shielded against the direct rays of the sun. Do not use columnar gage glasses on tank trucks, motor fuel tanks or on containers used in domestic, commercial, and industrial installations. (H) Gaging devices of the float, or equivalent type that do not require flow for their operation and with connections extending to a point outside the container do not have to have excess flow valves if the piping and fittings will withstand the container pressure and are properly protected against physical damage. (s) Requirements for appliances. (A) Except as in (3)(s)(B) below, new commercial and industrial gas consuming appliances must be approved. (B) If an appliance was made to use a gas other than LP-Gas, it may be used with LP-Gas only after it is properly converted, adapted and tested for performance before placing it in use. (C) Unattended heaters inside buildings for animal or poultry production or care must have an approved automatic device to shut off the gas if the flame goes out. (D) Install all agricultural appliances or equipment according to the requirements of this section and the following: (i) Domestic and commercial appliances — NFPA 54-1969, Standard for the Installation of Gas Appliances and Gas Piping. (ii) Industrial appliances — NFPA 54A-1969, Standard for the Installation of Gas Piping and Gas Equipment on Industrial Premises and Certain Other Premises. (iii) Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines — NFPA 37-1970. (4) Cylinder systems. (a) Application. This paragraph applies specifically to systems using DOT containers. All requirements of OAR 437-004-0780(3) apply to this paragraph unless otherwise noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3). (b) Marking of containers. (A) Container markings must comply with DOT regulations. Additional markings not in conflict with DOT regulations are acceptable. (B) Each container must show its water capacity in pounds or other identified unit of weight unless it is filled and maintained only by the owner or their representative and the water capacity is identified by a code. (C) Each container must show its tare weight in pounds or other identified unit of weight including all permanently attached fittings but not the cap. (c) Description of a system. A system includes the container base or bracket, containers, container valves, connectors, manifold valve assembly, regulators, and relief valves. (d) Containers and regulating equipment outside of buildings or structures. (A) Do not bury containers. This does not prohibit installation below grade level if the container and regulating equipment do not contact the ground. The area must have drainage and ventilate horizontally to the outside air from its lowest level. The outlet must be at least 3 feet away from any building opening that is below it. Except as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(M), the discharge from safety relief devices must be at least 3 feet horizontally away from any building opening below the level of discharge and must not end beneath any building unless the space has good ventilation and only two enclosed sides. (B) Containers must be on a firm foundation or otherwise firmly secured. Connect outlet pipes with a flexible or special fitting. (e) Containers and equipment inside buildings or structures. (A) When you must use portable containers inside buildings or structures follow (i) through (xii) below, and other parts of this subparagraph (A) that apply. (i) Use containers with and connect only to compatible equipment or appliances. (ii) Systems using containers with a water capacity more than 2-1/2 pounds (nominal 1 pound LP-Gas capacity) must have excess flow valves. The valves must be integral either with the container valves or in the connections to the container valve outlets. In either case, an excess flow valve must prevent strain beyond the excess flow valve from causing a break between the container and the valve. (iii) Regulators must be connect directly either to the container valves or to manifolds connected to the container values. The regulator must be suitable for use with LP-Gas. Manifolds and fittings connecting containers to pressure regulator inlets must withstand at least 250 p.s.i.g. service pressure. (iv) Protect valves on containers with a water capacity more than 50 pounds (nominal 20 pounds LP-Gas capacity) while in use. (v) Containers must have markings that comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(d)(C) and (4)(b). (vi) Pipe or tubing must conform to OAR 437-004-0780(3)(g). Do not use aluminum pipe or tubing. (vii)(I) Hose must have a working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. Hose and hose connections must be listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. The hose length may be more than the length in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(h)(G)(ii), but must be as short as practicable. Refer to §1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory. (II) Hose must be long enough to permit compliance with spacing provisions of this subparagraph without kinking or straining or causing hose to be so close to a burner as to be damaged by heat. (viii) Portable heaters, including salamanders, must have an approved automatic device to shut off the gas if the flame does out. Heaters with inputs more than 50,000 Btu made on or after May 17, 1967, and heaters with inputs more than 100,000 Btu made before May 17, 1967, must have either: (I) A pilot that must light before the main burner can be turned on; or (II) An electric ignition system. NOTE: This paragraph (viii) does not apply to tar kettle burners, torches, melting pots, nor to portable heaters less than 7,500 B.t.u.h. input used with containers with a maximum water capacity of 2-1/2 pounds. Do not use container valves, connectors, regulators, manifolds, piping, and tubing as structural supports for heaters. (ix) Locate containers, regulating equipment, manifolds, pipe, tubing, and hose to minimize exposure to abnormally high temperatures, physical damage, or tampering by unauthorized persons. (x) Locate and use heat producing equipment in a way that minimizes the possibility of ignition of combustibles. (xi) Containers with a water capacity more than 2-1/2 pounds (nominal 1 pound LP-Gas capacity) connected for use, must be upright on a firm and level surface. (xii) Containers, including the valve protective devices, must be installed to minimize the probability of impingement of discharge of safety relief devices on containers. (B) Containers with a maximum water capacity of 2-1/2 pounds (nominal 1 pound LP-Gas capacity) are allowed inside buildings as part of approved self-contained hand torch assemblies or similar appliances. (C) You may use containers in buildings or structures under construction or major renovation and not occupied by the public, as follows: (i) The maximum water capacity of individual containers is 245 pounds (nominal 100 pounds LP-Gas capacity). (ii) For temporary heating such as curing concrete, drying plaster and similar applications, heaters (other than integral heater-container units) must be at least 6 feet from any LP-Gas container. This does not prohibit the use of heaters designed for attachment to the container or to a supporting standard, if they do not allow direct or radiant heat application onto the container. Blower and radiant type heaters must not point toward any LP-Gas container within 20 feet. (iii) If two or more heater-container units, of either the integral or non-integral type, are in an unpartitioned area on the same floor, separate them by at least 20 feet. (iv) Storage of containers awaiting use must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(7). (D) Containers are allowed in buildings for temporary emergency heating purposes, to prevent damage to the buildings or contents, when the permanent heating system is temporarily out of service, as follows: (i) Containers and heaters must comply with and be used according to OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e)(C). (ii) Do not leave the temporary heating equipment unattended. (f) Container valves and accessories. (A) Valves in the assembly of multiple container systems must allow replacement of containers without shutting off the flow of gas in the system. NOTE: This does not require an automatic changeover device. (B) Firmly attach regulators and low-pressure relief devices to the cylinder valves, cylinders, supporting standards or the building walls. The weather must not affect their operation. (C) Protect valves and connections to the containers while in transit, in storage, and while being moved into final use, as follows: (i) By setting into the recess of the container to prevent their being struck if the container is dropped on a flat surface, or (ii) By ventilated cap or collar, fastened to the container and strong enough to prevent the force of a blow from affecting the valve or other connection. (D) Keep outlet valves tightly closed or plugged on unconnected containers, although the containers are empty. (E) Containers with a water capacity more than 50 pounds (approximately 21 pounds LP-Gas capacity), recharged at the installation, must have excess flow or backflow check valves to prevent the discharge of contents in case of failure of the filling or equalizing connection. (g) Safety devices. (A) Containers must have safety devices as required by DOT regulations. (B) A final stage regulator of an LP-Gas system (excluding any appliance regulator) must have on the low-pressure side with a relief valve set to start to discharge within the limits in Table 8. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (C) When using a regulator or pressure relief valve inside a building for other than purposes in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(A)(i)–(vii), vent the relief valve and the space above the regulator and relief valve diaphragms to the outside air with the discharge outlet at least 3 feet horizontally away from any building opening below the discharge. This does not apply to protected individual appliance regulators nor to OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e) and (3)(i)(m). (h) Reinstallation of containers. Do not reinstall containers unless they requalify according to DOT regulations. (i) Permissible product. Do not put a product in a container marked with a service pressure less than four-fifths of the maximum vapor pressure of the product at 130°F. (5) Systems using containers other than DOT containers. (a) Application. This paragraph applies specifically to systems using storage containers other than those that comply with DOT specifications. OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies unless otherwise noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3). (b) Design pressure and classification of storage containers. Storage containers must comply with Table 9. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (c) Container valves and accessories, filler pipes, and discharge pipes. (A) The filling pipe inlet terminal must not be inside a building. For containers with a water capacity of 125 gallons or more, such terminals must be at least 10 feet from any building, 5 feet or more from a driveway (see OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(B)) and in a protective housing built for the purpose. (B) The filling connection must have one of the following: (i) Combination back-pressure check valve and excess flow valve. (ii) One double or two single back-pressure check valves. (iii) A positive shutoff valve, with either: (I) An internal back-pressure valve; or (II) An internal excess flow valve. (C) All openings in a container must have approved automatic excess flow valves except in the following: Filling connections in OAR 437-004-0780(5)(c)(B); safety relief connections, liquid-level gaging devices OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(D); pressure gage connections in (3)(f)(E). (D) If the following exist, you do not need an excess flow valve in the withdrawal service line: (i) Such systems’ total water capacity does not exceed 2,000 U.S. gallons. (ii) Control of the discharge from the service outlet is by a manual shutoff valve that is: (I) Threaded directly into the service outlet of the container; or (II) Is an integral part of a substantial fitting threaded into or on the service outlet of the container; or (III) Threaded directly into a substantial fitting threaded into or on the service outlet of the container. (iii) The shutoff valve has an attached handwheel or the equivalent. (iv) The controlling orifice between the contents of the container and the outlet of the shutoff valve is not more than 5/16 inch in diameter for vapor withdrawal systems and 1/8 inch in diameter for liquid withdrawal systems. (v) An approved pressure-reducing regulator is directly attached to the outlet of the shutoff valve and is rigidly supported, or that an approved pressure-reducing regulator is attached to the outlet of the shutoff valve with a suitable flexible connection, if the regulator has adequate support and protection on or at the tank. (E) All inlet and outlet connections except safety relief valves, liquid level gaging devices and pressure gages on containers of 2,000 gallons water capacity, or more, and on any container that supplies fuel directly to an internal combustion engine, must have labeling to show whether they communicate with vapor or liquid space. Labels may be on valves. (F) Instead of an excess flow valve, openings may have a quick-closing internal valve that, except during operating periods remains closed. The internal mechanism for such valves may have a secondary control that must have a fusible plug (not more than 220° melting point) that closes the internal valve automatically in case of fire. (G) There can be only two plugged openings on a container of 2,000 gallons or less water capacity. (H) Containers of 125 gallons water capacity or more made after July 1, 1961, must have an approved device for liquid evacuation. The minimum size is 3/4 inch National Pipe Thread minimum. A plugged opening does not satisfy this requirement. (d) Safety Devices. (A) All safety devices must comply with the following: (i) All container safety relief devices must be on the containers and have a direct link with the vapor space of the container. (ii) Protect safety relief device discharge terminals against physical damage and such discharge pipes must have loose rain caps. There can be no return bends or restrictive pipe fittings. (iii) Discharge lines from two or more safety relief devices on the same unit, or similar lines from two or more different units, may be run into a common discharge header, if the cross-sectional area of the header is at least equal to the sum of the crosssectional areas of the individual discharge lines, and the setting of safety relief valves are the same. (iv) Each storage container of more than 2,000 gallons water capacity must have a suitable pressure gage. (v) A final stage regulator of an LP-Gas system (excluding any appliance regulator) must have, on the low-pressure side, a relief valve set to start to discharge within the limits in Table 8. (vi) When a regulator or pressure relief valve is inside a building, it and the space above the regulator and relief valve diaphragms must vent to the outside air. The discharge outlet must be at least 3 feet horizontally away from any opening into the building that is below such discharge. (This does not apply to protected individual appliance regulators.) (B) Provide safety devices for aboveground containers as follows: (i) Containers above ground of 1,200 gallons water capacity or less that may contain liquid fuel must have a spring-loaded relief valve or valves with a rate of discharge required by OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(B). In addition to the required spring-loaded relief valve(s), you can use suitable fuse plug(s) if their total discharge area for each container is not more than 0.25 square inches. (ii) The fuse plugs must melt between 208°F and 220°F. Relief valves and fuse plugs must have a direct link with the container’s vapor space. (iii) On a container with a water capacity more than 125 gallons, but not more than 2,000 gallons, vent the discharge from the safety relief valves away from the container vertically upwards and unobstructed to prevent any impingement of escaping gas upon the container. Use loose-fitting rain caps. There must be a way to drain condensate that may accumulate in the relief valve or its discharge pipe. (iv) On containers of 125 gallons water capacity or less, the discharge from safety relief devices must be at least 5 feet horizontally away from any opening into the building below the level of the discharge. (v) On a container with a water capacity more than 2,000 gallons, the discharge from the safety relief valves must vent away from the container vertically upwards to a point at least 7 feet above the container, and unobstructed to the open air in a way that prevents any impingement of escaping gas upon the container. Use only loose-fitting rain caps. Condensation inside the safety relief valve or its discharge pipe must not make the valve inoperative. If there is a drain, there must be a way to protect the system against impingement of flame from ignition of any product escaping from the drain. (e) Vaporizers. Safety devices for vaporizers must be provided as follows: (A) Vaporizers of less than 1 quart total capacity, heated by the ground or the surrounding air, need not have safety relief valves if adequate tests certified by any of the authorities in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b), demonstrate that the assembly is safe without them. (B) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs. (f) Reinstallation of containers. Containers may be reinstalled if they do not show any evidence of harmful external corrosion or other damage. Containers reinstalled underground, must have corrosion resistant coating in good condition (see OAR 437-004-0780(5)(h)(D)). Containers reinstalled above ground, must have safety devices and gaging devices that comply with OAR 437-004-0780(5)(d) and 437-004-0780(3)(r) respectively. (g) Capacity of containers. Maximum capacity for a storage container is 90,000 gallons water capacity. (h) Installation of storage containers. (A) Above ground containers, except as in (5)(h)(G) below, must have substantial masonry or noncombustible structural supports on firm masonry foundation. (B) Aboveground containers have support as follows: (i) Horizontal containers must be on saddles in such a manner as to permit expansion and contraction. Use structural metal supports only with approved fire protection. There must be suitable means of preventing corrosion on the part of the container that contacts the foundations or saddles. (ii) Containers of 2,000 gallons water capacity or less may have non-fireproofed ferrous metal supports if mounted on concrete pads or footings, and if the distance from the outside bottom of the container shell to the concrete pad, footing, or the ground is not more than 24 inches. (C) Any container may have non-fireproofed ferrous metal supports if mounted on concrete pads or footings, and if the distance from the outside bottom of the container to the ground is not more than 5 feet, if the container is in an isolated location. (D) Containers may be partially buried if the following requirements are met: (i) The portion of the container below the surface and for a vertical distance not less than 3 inches above the surface of the ground is protected to resist corrosion, and the container is protected against settling and corrosion as required for fully buried containers. (ii) Spacing requirements must be as specified for underground tanks in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(B). (iii) Relief valve capacity must be as required for aboveground containers. (iv) Container is not subject to vehicular damage, or has adequate protection against such damage. (v) Filling densities must be as required for above-ground containers. (E) The top of buried containers must be at least 6 inches below grade. Where an underground container might be subject to abrasive action or physical damage due to vehicular traffic or other causes, it must be: (i) Not less than 2 feet below grade; or (ii) Otherwise protected against such physical damage. NOTE: It will not be necessary to cover the portion of the container to which manhole and other connections are affixed; however, where necessary, there must be protection against vehicular damage. When necessary to prevent floating, containers must be securely anchored or weighted. (F)(i) Containers must have a protective coating before being placed under ground. This coating must be equivalent to hot-dip galvanizing or to two coatings of red lead followed by a heavy coating of coal tar or asphalt. In lowering the container into place, do not damage to the coating. Repair any damage to the coating must before backfilling. (ii) Containers must be on a firm foundation (firm earth is okay) and surrounded with earth or sand firmly tamped in place. (G) Containers with attached foundations (portable or semi-portable containers with suitable steel “runners” or “skids” known in the industry as “skid tanks”) must comply with these rules subject to the following: (i) If they are for a given general location for a temporary period not longer than 6 months they need not have fire-resisting foundations or saddles but must have adequate ferrous metal supports. (ii) The outside bottom of the container shell must not be more than 5 feet above the ground unless there are fire-resisting supports. (iii) The bottom of the skids must be at least 2 inches but not more than 12 inches below the outside bottom of the container shell. (iv) Flanges, nozzles, valves, fittings, and the like, having communication with the interior of the container, must have protection against physical damage. (v) When not permanently on fire-resisting foundations, piping connections must be sufficiently flexible to minimize the possibility of breakage or leakage of connections if the container settles, moves, or is otherwise displaced. (vi) Secure skids or lugs for attachment of skids, to the container according to the code or rules under which it was designed and built (with a minimum factor of safety of four) to withstand loading in any direction equal to four times the weight of the container and attachments when filled to the maximum permissible loaded weight. (H) Field welding where necessary must be made only on saddle plates or brackets which were applied by the manufacturer of the tank. (I) For aboveground containers, secure anchorage or adequate pier height must be provided against possible container flotation wherever sufficiently high floodwater might occur. (J) When permanently installed containers are interconnected, compensate for expansion, contraction, vibration, and settling of containers, and interconnecting piping. Where flexible connections are used, they must be an approved type and must designed for a bursting pressure of at least five times the vapor pressure of the product at 100°F. Do not use nonmetallic hose for permanently interconnecting such containers. (K) Container assemblies listed for interchangeable installation above ground or under ground must conform to the requirements for above-ground installations with respect to safety relief capacity and filling density. For installation above ground all other requirements for above-ground installations apply. For installation under ground all other requirements for underground installations apply. (i) Protection of container accessories. Protect valves, regulating, gaging, and other container accessory equipment against tampering and physical damage. (j) Drips for condensed gas. Where vaporized gas on the low-pressure side of the system may condense to a liquid at normal operating temperatures and pressures, there must be suitable means for revaporization of the condensate. (k) Damage from vehicles. Protect LP-Gas systems from vehicle traffic. (l) Drains. Do not direct drains or blowoff lines into or near sewer systems. (m) Lighting. Electrical equipment and installations must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(n) and (o). (n) Vaporizers for internal combustion engines. Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(6)(g) applies. (o) Gas regulating and mixing equipment for internal combustion engines. Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(6)(h) applies. (6) Liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel. (a) Application. (A) This applies to internal combustion engines, fuel containers, and equipment for the use of LPG as a motor fuel on portable units including self-propelled vehicles. (B) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(5) covers fuel containers and equipment for stationary internal combustion engines using LPG. This does not apply to containers for transportation of liquefied petroleum gases. All of OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies to this paragraph, unless otherwise noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3). (b) General. (A) Do not fuel vehicles while passengers are on board. (B) Fuels industrial trucks (including forklifts) with permanently mounted fuel tanks outdoors. Charging equipment must comply with paragraph (8). (C) LP-Gas fueled industrial trucks must comply with the Standard for Type Designations, Areas of Use, Maintenance and Operation of Powered Industrial Trucks, NFPA 505-1969. (D) Engines on vehicles must be off while fueling if the fueling operation involves venting to the atmosphere. (c) Design pressure and classification of fuel containers. (A) Except as in (6)(c)(B) and (C) below, containers must comply with Table 10. (B) Fuel containers for use in industrial trucks (including forklifts) must be either DOT containers authorized for LP-Gas service with a minimum service pressure of 240 p.s.i.g. or minimum Container Type 250. Under 1950 and later ASME codes, this means a 312.5 p.s.i.g. design pressure container. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (C) Containers made and maintained under DOT specifications and regulations are acceptable fuel containers. They must conform to all requirements of this paragraph. (D) All container inlets and outlets except safety relief valves and gaging devices must have labels that designate whether they link to vapor or liquid space. Labels may be on valves. (d) Installation of fuel containers. (A) Containers must be in a place that minimize the possibility of damage. Containers in the rear of trucks and buses, when protected by bumpers, comply. Fuel containers on passenger-carrying vehicles must be as far from the engine as practicable. There must be a seal between the passenger space or any space with radio equipment and the container space to prevent direct seepage of gas to these spaces. The container compartment must vent to the outside. If the fuel container is near the engine or the exhaust system, shield it from direct heat. (B) Mount all fuel containers to prevent jarring loose, slipping, or rotating. The fastenings must withstand static loading in any direction equal to twice the weight of the tank and attachments when filled using a safety factor of not less than four. Only do field welding on saddle plates, lugs or brackets, originally attached to the container by the manufacturer. (C) Permanently install fuel containers on buses. (e) Valves and accessories. (A) Container valves and accessories must have a rated working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g., and suitable for use on a liquefied petroleum gas service. (B) The filling connection must have an approved double back-pressure check valve, or a positive shutoff in conjunction with an internal back-pressure check valve. On a removable container the filler valve may be a hand operated shutoff valve with an internal excess flow valve. Main shutoff valves on the container on liquid and vapor lines must be readily accessible. (C) With the exceptions of (D)(iii) below, filling connections with approved automatic back-pressure check valves, and safety relief valves, all connections to containers with openings for the flow of gas more than .055 inch must have approved automatic excess flow valves. (D) Liquid-level gaging devices: (i) Do not use variable liquid-level gages that require the venting of fuel to the atmosphere on fuel containers of industrial trucks (including forklifts). (ii) On portable containers that fill vertically and/or horizontally, the fixed liquid-level gage must show maximum permitted filling level for both vertical and horizontal filling with the container oriented to place the safety relief valve in communication with the vapor space. (iii) For containers used only on farm tractors and charged at a point at least 50 feet from any building, the fixed liquid-level gaging device may equal that passed by a .1200 inch opening. You do not need an excess flow valve. Mark fittings with the restricted opening and the container they are on to show the size of the opening. (iv) Protect all valves and connections on containers from damage. For farm tractors where parts of the vehicle protect the valves and fittings, this requirement is met. On removable containers the protection for the fittings must be permanently attached. (v) For systems with removable fuel containers, there must be a way in the system to minimize the escape of fuel when exchanging containers. Either of these methods are acceptable: (I) Using an approved automatic quick-closing coupling (a type closing in both directions when uncoupled) in the fuel line, or (II) Closing the valve at the fuel container and allowing the engine to run until the fuel line is empty. (f) Piping — including pipe, tubing, and fittings. (A) Pipe from fuel container to first-stage regulator must be at least schedule 80 wrought iron or steel (black or galvanized), brass or copper; or seamless copper, brass, or steel tubing. Steel tubing must have a minimum wall thickness of 0.049 inch. Steel pipe or tubing must have protection against exterior corrosion. Copper tubing must be types K or L or equivalent with a minimum wall thickness of 0.032 inch. Approved flexible connections may be used between container and regulator or between regulator and gas-air mixer within the limits of approval. Do not use aluminum pipe or tubing. For removable containers use an approved flexible connection between the container and the fuel line. (B) Install, brace and support all piping to reduce to a minimum the possibility of vibration strains or wear. (g) Safety devices. (A) Use only spring-loaded internal type safety relief valves on motor fuel containers. (B) The discharge outlet from safety relief valves must be on the outside of enclosed spaces and as far as practicable from possible sources of ignition. It must vent upward within 45 degrees of the vertical to prevent impingement of escaping gas on containers, or parts of vehicles, or on vehicles in adjacent lines of traffic. Use a rain cap or other protector to keep water and dirt from collecting in the valve. (C) When using a discharge line from the container safety relief valve, the line must be metallic, other than aluminum, and may not restrict the required flow of gas from the safety relief valve. Such discharge line must be able to withstand the pressure resulting from the discharge of vapor when the safety relief valve is fully open. When flexibility is necessary, use flexible metal hose or tubing. (D) You can fill portable containers with volumetric filling in either the vertical or horizontal position only if the safety relief valve links with the vapor space. (E) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(L) for hydrostatic relief valves applies. (h) Vaporizers. (A) Vaporizers and any part thereof and other devices that may be subjected to container pressure must have a design pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. (B) Each vaporizer must have a valve or suitable plug which will permit substantially complete draining of the vaporizer. It must be located at or near the lowest portion of the section occupied by the water or other heating medium. (C) Securely fasten vaporizers to minimize the possibility of their becoming loose. (D) Permanently mark each vaporizer at a visible point as follows: (i) With the design pressure of the fuel-containing portion in p.s.i.g. (ii) With the water capacity of the fuel-containing portion of the vaporizer in pounds. (E) Devices to supply heat directly to a fuel container must have an automatic device to cut off the supply of heat before the pressure inside the fuel container reaches 80 percent of the start to discharge pressure setting of the safety relief device on the fuel container. (F) Engine exhaust gases are acceptable as a direct source of heat supply for the vaporization of fuel if the materials of construction of those parts of the vaporizer in contact with exhaust gases are resistant to the corrosive action of exhaust gases and the vaporizer system is designed to prevent excessive pressures. (G) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs. (i) Gas regulating and mixing equipment. (A) Approved automatic pressure reducing equipment must be between the fuel supply container and gas-air mixer to reduce the pressure of the fuel delivered to the gas-air mixer. (B) An approved automatic shutoff valve must be in the fuel system ahead of the inlet of the gas-air mixer, to prevent flow of fuel to the mixer when the ignition is off and the engine is not running. For industrial trucks and engines operating in buildings other than those that exclusively house engines, the automatic shutoff valve must operate if the engine stops. Atmospheric type regulators (zero governors) are adequate as an automatic shutoff valve only in outdoor operation such as farm tractors, irrigation pump engines, and on other outdoor stationary engines. (C) The source of the air for combustion must be completely isolated from the passenger compartment, ventilating system, or air conditioning system. (j) Capacity of containers. No single fuel container on passenger carrying vehicles can be more than 200 gallons water capacity. No single fuel container on other vehicles normally operating on the highway can be more than 300 gallons water capacity. (k) Stationary engines in buildings. Stationary engines and gas turbines in buildings, including portable engines used instead of or to supplement stationary engines, must comply with the Standard for the Institution and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines, NFPA 37-1970, and OAR 437-004-0780(a), (b), and (c). (l) Portable engines in buildings. (A) Only use portable engines in buildings for emergencies, except as in OAR 437-004-0780(10). (B) Exhaust gases must discharge outside the building or to an area where they are not hazard. (C) There must be sufficient air for combustion and cooling. (D) An approved automatic shutoff valve must be in the fuel system ahead of the engine, to prevent flow of fuel to the engine when the ignition is off or if the engine stops. (E) The capacity of LP-Gas containers used with such engines must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e). (m) Industrial trucks inside buildings. (A) LP-Gas-fueled industrial trucks are permitted in buildings and structures. (B) No more than two LP-Gas containers can be on an industrial truck for motor fuel purposes. (C) Do not leave industrial trucks unattended near sources of ignition. (n) Garaging LP-Gas-fueled vehicles. (A) LP-Gas-fueled vehicles may be stored or serviced inside garages. (B) Keep the shutoff valve closed on LP-Gas-fueled vehicles being repaired in garages except when the engine must run. (7) Storage of containers awaiting use. (a) Application. This paragraph applies to the storage of portable containers not more than 1,000 pounds water capacity, filled or partially filled, at user location but not connected for use. (b) General. (A) Do not store containers near sources of heat or ignition or near stairs or exits. (B) Keep the outlet valves of stored containers closed. (C) Empty containers, stored inside, that have held LP-Gas are treated like full containers when calculating the maximum quantity of LP-Gas permitted by this paragraph. (c) Storage within buildings not frequented by the public (such as agricultural buildings). Do not store more than 300 pounds (approximately 2,550 cubic feet in vapor form) except as in (d) below. (d) Storage within special buildings or rooms. (A) Do not store more than 10,000 pounds of LP-Gas in special buildings or rooms. (B) The walls, floors, and ceilings of container storage rooms that are within or next to other parts of the building must have at least a 2-hour fire resistance rating. (C) Part of the exterior walls or roof with an area at least 10 percent of the combined area of the enclosing walls and roof must be of explosion relieving construction. (D) Each opening from such storage rooms to other parts of the building must have a 1-1/2 hour (B) fire door listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Refer to §1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory. (E) The must be no open flames in the rooms. (F) The rooms must have adequate ventilation both top and bottom to the outside only. The openings from such vents must be at least 5 feet away from any other opening into any building. (G) The floors of such rooms must not be below ground level. (H) The rooms may not adjoin a property line occupied by schools, churches, hospitals, athletic fields or other public gathering places. (I) Fixed electrical equipment must comply with OAR 437-004-0780 (3)(o). (e) Storage outside buildings. (A) Storage outside buildings, for containers awaiting use, must comply with Table 11 with respect to: (i) The nearest building or group of buildings; (ii) Busy highways; [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (B) Containers must be in a suitable enclosure or otherwise protected against tampering. (f) Fire protection. Storage locations must have at least one approved portable fire extinguisher with rating of 8-B, C or more. (8) Liquefied petroleum gas dispensing. (a) Application. This paragraph applies to storage containers, dispensing devices, and equipment where LP-Gas is stored and dispensed into fuel tanks of motor vehicles. See OAR 437-004-0780(6) for requirements covering use of LP-Gas as a motor fuel. All requirements of OAR 437-004-0780(3) apply to this paragraph unless otherwise noted. (b) Design pressure and classification of storage containers. Storage containers must comply with Table 12. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (c) Container valves and accessories. (A) A filling connection on the container must have one of the following: (i) A combination back-pressure check and excess flow valve. (ii) One double or two single back-pressure valves. (iii) A positive shutoff valve, in conjunction with either: (I) An internal back-pressure valve; or (II) On internal excess flow valve. NOTE: Instead of an excess flow valve, filling connections may have a quick-closing internal valve, that must remain closed except during operating periods. The mechanism for such valves may have a secondary control that causes it to close automatically in case of fire. When using a fusible plug, its melting point must not be more than 220° F (B) A filling pipe inlet terminal not on the container must have a positive shutoff valve in conjunction with either: (i) A black pressure check valve; or (ii) An excess flow check valve. (C) All openings in the container except those below must have approved excess flow check valves: (i) Filling connections as in subdivision (A) above. (ii) Safety relief connections as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(B). (iii) Liquid-level gaging devices as in OAR 437-004-0780(3) (f)(D). (iv) Pressure gage connections as in OAR 437-004-0780(3) (f)(E). (D) All container inlets and outlets except those listed below must have labels to designate whether they connect with vapor or liquid (labels may be on valves): (i) Safety relief valves. (ii) Liquid-level gaging devices. (iii) Pressure gages. (E) Each storage container must have a suitable pressure gage. (d) Safety-relief valves. (A) All safety-relief devices must be as follows: (i) On the container and directly connected with the vapor space. (ii) Safety-relief valves and discharge piping must have protection against physical damage. The outlet must have loose-fitting rain caps. There must be no return bends or restrictions in the discharge piping. (iii) The discharge from two or more safety relief valves with the same pressure settings may be run into a common discharge header. The cross-sectional area of the header must be at least equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual discharges. (iv) Safety relief devices must not discharge in or under a building. (B) Above ground containers must have safety relief valves as follows: (i) The rate of discharge, provided by one or more valves, must be not less than in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(B). (ii) The discharge from safety relief valves must vent to open air unobstructed and vertically in a way that prevents any impingement of escaping gas on the container. Use loose-fitting rain caps. On a container with a water capacity more than 2,000 gallons, the discharge from the safety relief valves must vent away from the container vertically to a point at least 7 feet above it. Condensation inside the relief valve or its discharge pipe must not make the valve inoperative. If there is a drain, there must be a way protect the container, adjacent containers, piping, or equipment against impingement of flame from ignition of the product escaping from the drain. (C) Underground containers must be provided with safety relief valves as follows: (i) The discharge from safety-relief valves must be piped vertically upward to a point at least 10 feet above the ground. The discharge lines or pipes must be adequately supported and protected against physical damage. (ii) If no liquid is put into a container until after it is buried and covered, the rate of discharge of the relief valves may be reduced to not less than 30 percent of the rate in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(j)(B). If liquid fuel is present during installation of containers, the rate of discharge must be the same as for above-ground containers. Such containers must not be uncovered until emptied of liquid fuel. (e) Capacity of liquid containers. Individual liquid storage containers must not exceed 30,000 gallons water capacity. (f) Installation of storage containers. (A)(i) Each storage container used exclusively in dispensing operations must comply with the following table that specifies minimum distances to a building and groups of buildings. [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (ii) There must be a 10-foot area around containers that is free of combustibles. (iii) The minimum separation between LP-Gas containers and flammable liquid tanks is 20 feet and the minimum separation between a container and the centerline of the dike is 10 feet. (iv) LP-Gas containers near flammable liquid containers must have dikes, diversion curbs, or grading to protect against the flow or accumulation of flammable liquids. (v) LP-Gas containers must not be within diked areas for flammable liquid containers. (vi) Do field welding on saddle plates or brackets applied by the container manufacturer. (vii) Where flexible connections are used, they must be approved type and have a bursting pressure of not less than five times the vapor pressure of the product at 100°F. Do not use nonmetallic hose for interconnecting such containers. (viii) Where there may be a high water table or flood conditions there must be protection against container flotation. (B) Above ground containers must comply with this subdivision. (i) Containers may be horizontal or vertical. (ii) Unless protected by location, there must be protective barriers around containers. Do not service vehicles within 10 feet of containers. (iii) Container foundations must be masonry or other noncombustible material. Containers must be on saddles that permit expansion and contraction. (C) Underground containers must be installed in accordance with this subdivision. (i) Containers must be given a protective coating before being placed under ground. This coating must be equivalent to hot-dip galvanizing or to two coatings of red lead followed by a heavy coating of coal tar or asphalt. In lowering the container into place, care must be exercised to minimize abrasion or other damage to the coating. Damage to the coating must be repaired before back-filling. (ii) Containers must be set on a firm foundation (firm earth may be used) and surrounded with earth or sand firmly tamped in place. Backfill should be free of rocks or other abrasive materials. (iii) A minimum of 2 feet of earth cover must be provided. Where ground conditions make compliance with this requirement impractical, equivalent protection against physical damage must be provided. The portion of the container to which manhole and other connections are attached need not be covered. If the location is subjected to vehicular traffic, protect containers by a concrete slab or other cover adequate to prevent the weight of a loaded vehicle imposing concentrated direct loads on the container shell. (g) Protection of container fittings. Valves, regulators, gages, and other container fittings must have protection against tampering and physical damage. (h) Transport truck unloading point. The filling pipe inlet terminal must not be in a building nor within 10 feet of any building or driveway. It must be protected against physical damage. (i) Piping, valves, and fittings. (A) Piping may be underground, aboveground, or a combination of both. (B) Piping beneath driveways must have protection from vehicle damage. (C) Piping must be wrought iron or steel (black or galvanized), brass or copper pipe; or seamless copper, brass, or steel tubing and suitable for a minimum pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. Pipe joints may be screwed, flanged, brazed, or welded. Do not use aluminum alloy piping or tubing. (D) All shutoff valves (liquid or gas) must be suitable for liquefied petroleum gas service and designed for not less than the maximum anticipated operating pressure. Valves that may experience container pressure must have a rated working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. (E) All materials used for valve seats, packing, gaskets, diaphragms, etc., must be resistant to the action of LP-Gas. (F) Fittings must be steel, malleable iron, or brass with a minimum working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. Do not use cast iron pipe fittings. (G) After assembly, test all piping to assure it is free of leaks at not less than normal operating pressures. (j) Pumps and accessories. All pumps and accessory equipment must be suitable for LP-Gas service, and designed for not less than the maximum anticipated operating pressure. Accessories must have a minimum rated working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. Positive displacement pumps must have suitable pressure actuated bypass valves permitting flow from pump discharge to storage container or pump suction. (k) Dispensing devices. (A) Meters, vapor separators, valves, and fittings in the dispenser must be suitable for LP-Gas service and have a minimum working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. (B) Vent LP-Gas in a dispensing device to a safe location. (C) Pumps used to transfer LP-Gas must allow control of the flow and prevent leakage or accidental discharge. There must be a way outside the dispensing device to shut off the power in case of fire or accident. (D) A manual shutoff valve and an excess flow check valve must be downstream of the pump and ahead of the dispenser inlet. (E)(i) Dispensing hose must be resistant to the action of liquid LP-Gas and have a minimum bursting pressure of 1,250 p.s.i.g. (ii) An excess flow check valve or automatic shutoff valve must be at the terminus of the liquid line at the point of attachment of the dispensing hose. (F)(i) LP-Gas dispensing devices must be at least 10 feet from above ground storage containers more than 2,000 gallons water capacity. The dispensing devices must be at least 20 feet from any building (not including canopies), basement, cellar, pit, or line of adjoining property that may be developed and not less than 10 feet from sidewalks, streets, or thoroughfares. No drains or blowoff lines may discharge into or near to the sewer systems used for other purposes. (ii) LP-Gas dispensing devices must be on a concrete foundation or as part of a complete storage and dispensing assembly mounted on a common base, and must be adequately protected from physical damage. (iii) LP-Gas dispensing devices may not be in a building except that they may be under a weather shelter or canopy if it is not enclosed on more than two sides. If the enclosing sides are next to each other, the area must have proper ventilation. (G) The dispensing of LP-Gas into the fuel container of a vehicle must be done by a competent attendant who stays at the LP-Gas dispenser during the entire transfer operation. (l) Smoking. There must be no smoking on the driveway of dispensing facilities or transport truck unloading areas. Post signs prohibiting smoking in places easily seen by facility users. (m) Motors. The motors of all vehicles being fueled must be off during the fueling operations. (n) Electrical. Electrical equipment and installations must conform to OAR 437-004-0780(3)(n) and (o). (o) Fire protection. Each dispensing facility must have at least one approved portable fire extinguisher with at least an 8-B, C, rating. [ED. NOTE: Tables, Figures & Equations referenced are available from the agency.] [Publications: Publications referenced are available from the agency.] Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(3) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 4-1998, f. 8-28-98, cert. ef. 10-1-98