660-012-0320 Land Use Requirements in Climate-Friendly Areas (1) Cities and counties subject to the provisions of OAR 660-012-0310 shall incorporate the requirements in sections (2) through (7) of this rule into policies and development regulations that apply in all climate-friendly areas. Cities and counties shall either incorporate the provisions in section (8) into development regulations for climate-friendly areas, or shall demonstrate with adopted findings and analysis that alternative development regulations for climate-friendly areas will comply with the requirements in section (9). If adopting more than one climate-friendly area, a city or county may demonstrate compliance with either section (8) or section (9) for each climate-friendly area, provided that all requirements for each respective climate-friendly area are met. (2) Except as noted in subsection (a) and section (3), development regulations for a climate-friendly area shall allow single-use and mixed-use development within individual buildings and development sites, including the following outright permitted uses: (a) Multi-unit housing and attached single-unit housing. Other residential building types may be allowed, subject to compliance with applicable minimum density requirements in section (8) of this rule, or alternative land use requirements as provided in section (9). Notwithstanding this section, local governments may require ground floor commercial and office uses within otherwise single-use multi-unit buildings, unless a multi-unit building will contain units subject to a recorded agreement that runs with the land and requires affordability for an established income level for a defined period of time. (b) Office-type uses. (c) Non-auto dependent retail, services, and other commercial uses. (d) Child care, schools, and other public uses, including public-serving government facilities. (3) Portions of abutting residential or employment-oriented zoned areas within a half-mile walking distance of a mixed-use area zoned as provided in section (1) may count towards climate-friendly area requirements, if in compliance with subsections (a) or (b). Notwithstanding existing development, zoned residential building capacity shall be calculated for the abutting areas based on allowed building heights and existing development standards in these areas, as provided in OAR 660-012-0315(2) or using an alternative methodology as provided in OAR 660-012-0320(10). Residential densities for abutting areas shall correspond to the climate-friendly area type, provided in subsections (8)(a), (b), or (c) or (9)(a), (b), or (c). Employment densities for abutting areas shall comply with the thresholds in subsection (b). If subsections (a) or (b) are met, no changes to existing zoning or development standards are required for these areas. (a) Residential areas with minimum residential densities or existing residential development equal to or greater than the densities provided in section (8); or (b) Existing employment uses equal to or greater than the number of jobs per acre provided in paragraphs (A), (B), or (C) as applicable. (A) Qualifying areas within local governments with a population greater than 5,000 up to 25,000 shall provide at least 20 jobs per net acre. (B) Qualifying areas within local governments with a population greater than 25,000 up to 50,000 shall provide at least 30 jobs per net acre. (C) Qualifying areas within local governments with a population greater than 50,000 shall provide at least 40 jobs per net acre. (4) Local governments shall prioritize locating government facilities that provide direct service to the public within climate-friendly areas and shall prioritize locating parks, open space, plazas, and similar public amenities in or near climate-friendly areas that do not contain sufficient parks, open space, plazas, or similar public amenities. Local governments shall amend comprehensive plans to reflect these policies, where necessary. Streetscape requirements in climate-friendly areas shall include street trees and other landscaping, where feasible. (5) Local governments shall establish maximum block length standards as provided below. For the purpose of this rule, a development site consists of the total site area proposed for development, absent previously dedicated rights-of-way, but including areas where additional right-of-way dedication may be required. (a) For development sites less than 5.5 acres in size, a maximum block length of 500 feet or less. Where block length exceeds 350 feet, a public pedestrian through-block easement shall be provided to facilitate safe and convenient pedestrian connectivity in climate-friendly areas. Substantial redevelopment of sites of two acres or more within an existing block that does not meet the standard shall provide a public pedestrian accessway allowing direct passage through the development site such that no pedestrian route will exceed 350 feet along any block face. Local governments may grant exceptions to street and accessway requirements as provided in OAR 660-012-0330(2). (b) For development sites of 5.5 acres or more, a maximum block length of 350 feet or less. Local governments may grant exemptions to street requirements as provided in OAR 660-012-0330(2). (6) Development regulations may not include a maximum density limitation. (7) Local governments shall adopt policies and development regulations in climate-friendly areas that implement the following: (a) The transportation review process in OAR 660-012-0325; (b) The land use requirements as provided in OAR 660-012-0330; (c) The applicable parking requirements as provided in OAR 660-012-0435; and (d) The applicable bicycle parking requirements as provided in OAR 660-012-0630. (8) Local governments shall adopt either the following provisions into development regulations for climate-friendly areas, or the requirements in section (9). Local governments are not required to enforce the minimum residential densities below for mixed-use buildings (buildings that contain residential units, as well as office, commercial, or other non-residential uses) if the mixed-use buildings meet a minimum floor area ratio of 2.0. A floor area ratio is the ratio of the gross floor area of all buildings on a development site, excluding areas within buildings that are dedicated to vehicular parking and circulation, in proportion to the net area of the development site on which the buildings are located. A floor area ratio of 2.0 would indicate that the gross floor area of the building was twice the net area of the site. Local governments are not required to enforce the minimum residential densities below for redevelopment that renovates and adds residential units within existing buildings, but that does not add residential units outside the existing exterior of the building. (a) Local governments with a population greater than 5,000 up to 25,000 shall adopt the following development regulations for climate-friendly areas: (A) A minimum residential density requirement of 15 dwelling units per net acre; and (B) Maximum building height no less than 50 feet. (b) Local governments with a population greater than 25,000 up to 50,000 shall adopt the following development regulations for at least one climate-friendly area with a minimum area of 25 acres. Additional climate-friendly areas may comply with the following standards or the standards in subsection (a). (A) A minimum residential density requirement of 20 dwelling units per net acre; and (B) Maximum building height no less than 60 feet. (c) Local governments with a population greater than 50,000 shall adopt the following development regulations for at least one climate-friendly area with a minimum area of 25 acres. Additional climate-friendly areas may comply with the following standards or the standards in subsections (a) or (b): (A) A minimum residential density requirement of 25 dwelling units per net acre; and (B) Maximum building height no less than 85 feet. (9) As an alternative to adopting the development regulations in section (8), local governments may demonstrate with adopted findings and analysis that their adopted development regulations for climate-friendly areas will provide for equal or higher levels of development in climate-friendly areas than those allowed per the standards in section (8). Additional zoned building capacity of 25 percent may be included for development regulations that allow height bonuses for additional zoned building capacity above established maximums that are consistent with OAR 660-012-0315(2)(c)(B). Specifically, the local government must demonstrate that the alternative development regulations will consistently and expeditiously allow for the levels of development described in subsections (a)-(c). Alternative development regulations must require either a minimum residential density of 15 dwelling units per net acre or a minimum floor area ratio of 1.0, as described in section (8). (a) Local governments with a population greater than 5,000 up to 25,000 shall adopt development regulations to allow a zoned building capacity of at least 60,000 square feet per net acre, based on regulations impacting buildable site area as described in OAR 660-012-0315(2)(a) and (b) and allowed building heights. (b) Local governments with a population greater than 25,000 up to 50,000 shall adopt development regulations for at least one climate-friendly area of at least 25 acres to allow a zoned building capacity of at least 90,000 square feet per net acre, based on regulations impacting buildable site area as described in OAR 660-012-0315(2)(a) and (b) and allowed building heights. Additional climate-friendly areas may comply with this standard or with the standard in subsection (a). (c) Local governments with a population greater than 50,000 shall adopt development regulations for at least one climate-friendly area of at least 25 acres to allow a zoned building capacity of at least 120,000 square feet per net acre, based on regulations impacting buildable site area as described in OAR 660-012-0315(2)(a) and (b) and allowed building heights. Additional climate-friendly areas may comply with this standard or with the standard in subsections (a) or (b). (10) A local government may provide an alternative methodology for zoned residential building capacity calculations that differs from OAR 660-012-0315(2). The methodology must clearly describe all assumptions and calculation steps, and must demonstrate that the methodology provides an equal or better system for determining the zoned residential building capacity sufficient to accommodate at least 30 percent of the total identified number of housing units necessary to meet all current and future housing needs within climate-friendly areas. The alternative methodology shall be supported by studies of development activity in the region, market studies, or similar research and analysis. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 197.040 Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 197.012 & ORS 197.712 History: LCDD 9-2023, amend filed 11/07/2023, effective 11/07/2023 LCDD 5-2023, temporary amend filed 05/12/2023, effective 05/12/2023 through 11/07/2023 LCDD 3-2022, adopt filed 08/17/2022, effective 08/17/2022 LCDD 2-2022, temporary adopt filed 06/01/2022, effective 06/01/2022 through 11/27/2022