justicedao/ipfs_state_laws huggingface dataset:
437-007-0415 Explosives and Blasting Agents (1) The storage, transportation, handling, and use of explosives and blasting agents must be in accordance with OAR chapter 437, division 3, subdivision U, Blasting and The Use of Explosives. (2) Explosives and blasting agents must be handled only by qualified, designated personnel. (3) Explosives and blasting agents must not be transported in: (a) The driver’s compartment. (b) Any passenger-occupied area of a machine or vehicle. (4) Explosives must not be hauled on any vehicle while it is engaged in transporting workers. EXCEPTION: This rule does not prohibit the driver and one qualified person from riding in a vehicle in which explosives are being hauled. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0500 Roads (1) Haul roads must be of sufficient width and evenness for safe operation of vehicles and machines. (2) Haul roads and bridges must be constructed and maintained to accommodate the safe movement of vehicles and machines. (3) Vehicles and machines must not be moved on any access roadway or grade that will not accommodate the safe movement of vehicles and machines. (4) When haul road grades exceed 20 percent slope: (a) The vehicle or machine must be approved by the manufacturer for operation on the steeper grades. (b) Additional precautions must be taken, such as assisting or snubbing the vehicle or machine down the slope. (5) Deep holes, large rocks, logs, or other dangerous surface defects on roads must be corrected before starting logging operations. (6) On those portions of roads under the direct control of the employer: (a) All danger trees that can fall or slide onto roadways must be felled. (b) Loose rocks, stumps and other materials which present a hazard must be secured or cleared from banks. (7) Root wads, logs, and other unstable debris must not be placed against standing timber in a manner that creates a hazard for timber falling, logging operations or other forest activities. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0505 Bridges (1) All bridge structures and surfaces must be: (a) Adequate to support the maximum imposed loads. (b) Maintained in good repair. (2) All bridges must have rub rails constructed of wood, concrete or equivalent materials that: (a) Have a minimum height of 9 inches (6-inch by 6-inch timbers set on 4-inch by 6-inch blocks). (b) Are secured to the bridge deck. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0510 Flagging (1) Warning signs and a flagger(s) must be placed in advance of active operations, or other equivalent protection must be used on roads to control traffic where hazardous conditions are created from forest activities, such as, but not limited to: (a) Skylines and running lines or rigging across road grades, excluding tightened guylines. (b) The movement of logs, chunks or debris across or suspended over road grades. (c) Timber cutting operations. (d) Helicopter logging operations. NOTE: Where there is no through traffic, such as on a dead end road or where the property owner's permission or proper authority is granted to close a section of road, warning signs and barricades may be used instead of flagger(s). (2) Flaggers must wear vests of a high-visibility color and use a minimum 18-inch x 18-inch "STOP/SLOW" paddle to control traffic. (3) Warning signs and flagging activities along state and county roads must comply with the requirements of the Millennium Edition of the (FHWA) Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), December 2000. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0515 Signs (1) Warning signs must be prominently displayed a minimum of 300 feet in advance of forest activities which create hazardous conditions for road traffic. (2) Warning signs must be removed or covered when forest activity operations are interrupted for an extended period. (3) Warning signs must be worded to describe the hazard, type of operation or action to be taken. NOTE: Samples of operation specific sign wording: Lines Across Road Contact Operator On Channel Stop Do Not Proceed Without Contacting Timber Falling Ahead Blasting Logging Operations Ahead Heavy Truck Traffic CB Channel (4) Warning signs must: (a) Be a minimum dimension of 24-inch x 24-inch diamond. (b) Have an orange background. (c) Have 4-inch black letters. (5) When stop signs are used they must: (a) Be eight sided. (b) Have a minimum height and width of 24 inches. (c) Have a red background with 6-inch white letters for the "STOP" side. (6) The "STOP/SLOW" paddle must: (a) Be eight sided. (b) Have a minimum height and width of 18 inches. (c) Have a red background with 6-inch white letters for the "STOP" side. (d) Have an orange background with 6-inch black letters for the "SLOW" side. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0520 Vehicle General Requirements (1) A positive engine shut-off must be provided within reach of the operator when in normal operating position. (2) Vehicles must be equipped with adequate steps, ladders, handholds, or grab bars to provide safe access and egress. (3) Steps must be constructed or treated with slip-resistant materials. (4) Vehicle seats must be securely fastened. (5) Doors must open easily. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0525 Vehicle Warning Devices All vehicles must be equipped with a horn or audible warning device which can be clearly heard above the surrounding noise in the vicinity of the vehicle. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0530 Vehicle Windshields, Windows and Mirrors (1) Vehicle windshields must be equipped with powered wipers. (2) Vehicles must be equipped with operable windshield defogging or defrosting equipment. (3) Defective or broken glass in a vehicle which impairs the vision of the operator or could cause injury to occupants of a vehicle must be replaced. (4) Deposits on glass which impair the vision of the operator must be removed. (5) Windshield and windows installed on vehicles must be safety glass which meets the requirements for safety glazing material used in motor vehicles, as defined in the American National Standards Institute, Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways, Z26.1-1996, or a material which will furnish equivalent safety. (6) Vehicles must be equipped with an adjustable sun visor. (7) Vehicles must be equipped with outside-mounted rear view mirrors on each side when the load or passengers obstruct the use of the rear view mirror located in the cab. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0535 Vehicle Passenger Compartments (1) Floors and decks must be suitable for safe footing. (2) All openings between enclosed passenger compartments and engine or exhaust from which fumes or gases may enter must be effectively sealed. (3) Enclosed passenger compartments must be reasonably dust-proof and watertight. (4) Floors and interior surfaces of passenger compartments must be free of protruding nails, screws, splinters or other objects which might cause injury. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0540 Vehicle Brakes (1) All vehicles must have brakes which are capable of stopping the vehicle while fully loaded on any grade over which they are to be operated. (2) All vehicles must have a parking brake that will hold the loaded vehicle on any grade which it is operated. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0545 Vehicle Exhaust Systems (1) Vehicles must have an exhaust system that is maintained in good repair. (2) Vehicles must be equipped with a muffler of the type recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. (3) Exhaust pipes must be located to direct the exhaust gases away from the operator and any passengers. (4) Any exhaust pipe which is exposed to contact must be insulated or isolated to protect workers from contact burns. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0550 Vehicle Guards and Controls (1) Vehicles with dump bodies must be equipped with a permanently attached, positive means of support that is capable of being secured in position to prevent the accidental lowering of the dump body. (2) Devices for supporting dump bodies must be used when: (a) The dump body is raised and left unattended. (b) Maintenance or inspection work is being done. (3) Operating levers controlling hoisting or dumping devices on haulage bodies must be equipped with a latch or other device which will prevent accidental starting or tripping of the mechanism. (4) Trip handles for tailgates and belly dump trailers must be located so personnel are in the clear when dumping. (5) All vehicles whose payload is loaded by means of cranes, power shovels, loaders or similar equipment must have a cab shield or canopy adequate to protect the operator from shifting or falling materials. (6) The backs of vehicle cabs which are exposed to shifting loads must be provided with a substantial bulkhead or similar device. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0555 Vehicle Safety Chains Safety chains or cables must: (1) Have a tensile strength equivalent to the gross weight of the towed vehicle. (2) Prevent the tow bar from dropping to the ground in the event the tow bar or coupling device fails. (3) Be attached in a manner that provides sufficient strength to control the towed vehicle in event the tow bar or coupling device fails. (4) Have no more slack than necessary to permit proper turning. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0560 Vehicle Seat Belts (1) All vehicles (except those that were not originally equipped with seat belts) designed or used primarily to transport personnel or material over private or public roads must have seat belts. (2) For each vehicle equipped with a seat belt(s), the employer must: (a) Require all personnel to use seat belts when the vehicle is being operated. (b) Require all personnel to tightly fasten seat belts when the vehicle is being operated. (c) Maintain each seat belt in a serviceable condition. (d) Replace each seat belt which has been removed from any vehicle that was equipped with seat belts at the time of manufacture. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0565 Vehicle Inspection, Maintenance and Repair (1) Vehicles must be checked at the beginning of each shift to assure that they are in safe operating condition. NOTE: Pay particular attention to components such as tires, steering apparatus, lights and reflectors, brakes, boosters, brake hoses and connections, reaches, bunks, stakes, bunk blocks and couplings. (2) Any defects found during inspection, which affect the safe operation of the vehicle, must be corrected before the vehicle is placed in service. (3) Any vehicle which develops defects in parts vital to safe operation during a work shift must be removed from service until necessary repairs are made. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0570 Vehicle Operation (1) Vehicle operators must be knowledgeable of the manufacturer's recommendations for operation, maintenance, safe work practices, and operating procedures. (2) Vehicles must be started and operated only by trained and authorized personnel. (3) Vehicles must not be moved until all personnel, other vehicles and machines are in the clear. (4) Vehicles must not be driven or backed up to anyone standing in between the vehicle and a stationary object. (5) When vehicle operators do not have a clear view of the surface being traveled, they must be guided by a signal person. (6) Any operator who has an obstructed view to the rear of a vehicle must sound an audible warning, that can be heard over the surrounding noise, before backing up unless the: (a) Vehicle is backed up only when an observer signals the driver that it is safe to do so; or (b) Operator verifies that nobody is behind the vehicle. (7) When vehicles are parked, the parking brakes must be set before the operator leaves the operator’s station. NOTE: When it is not feasible to apply or release parking brakes because of freezing conditions, chocking or blocking of the wheels or using other precautions is permissible. (8) Vehicles must not be loaded beyond the designed capacity. (9) Vehicle loads must be stable, well-balanced and secured. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0575 Transportation of Personnel (1) Workers riding in motor vehicles must not stand while the vehicle is in motion. (2) Flatbed and dump trucks must not be used to transport workers. (3) Passengers must wait for the vehicle to come to a complete stop before boarding or leaving. (4) When materials, equipment and tools of any type are transported in the same compartment with workers, the workers and driver must be protected from the hazards of materials, equipment or tools by substantial partitions or the securing of the load. (5) Transported materials must not prevent doors of vehicle cabs from being opened. (6) Compartments for workers must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. Workers should assist in maintaining such conditions. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0580 Flammable and Combustible Liquids (1) Flammable and combustible liquids must be stored in accordance with OAR 437, 2/H, Hazardous Materials, §1910.106, Flammable and Combustible Liquids. (2) Containers of flammable and combustible liquids must be marked in accordance with OAR 437, 2/Z, §1910.1200, Hazard Communication. (3) Smoking within 35 feet of vehicles being fueled is prohibited. (4) Fueling of vehicles within 35 feet of any open fires, flame or other sources of ignition is prohibited. (5) Vehicle engines, except diesel engines, must be shut off while being fueled. (6) Refilling tanks using liquefied petroleum gases must: (a) Only be done out-of-doors. (b) Not exceed the maximum quantity of fuel recommended by the manufacturer. (7) Tanks, barrels or containers of gasoline, aviation fuels or diesel must not be hauled on vehicles transporting workers except when: (a) Carried in a suitable location outside the driver and passenger compartment or placed in a well-ventilated vapor-proof compartment. (b) Secured to prevent shifting. (8) When fuels are hauled in containers of 5-gallon capacity or less, the container must be approved by a nationally-recognized testing lab, such as Underwriters Laboratory (UL), or Factory Mutual (FM). (9) Vehicles must be kept free of accumulated fuel and combustible liquids which may create a fire or other hazard. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0600 Inspection and General Requirements for Rigging (1) A competent person must thoroughly inspect all: (a) Blocks, butt rigging, shackles and other rigging for damaged, cracked or worn parts, loose nuts and bolts, and the need for lubrication before they are used. (b) Wire rope (running lines), skylines, chokers, straps and guylines before they are used. (2) Repairs or replacements must be made before the blocks, butt rigging, shackles, other rigging, guylines, or straps are used. (3) Rigging and loads must not foul or saw against lines, straps, blocks, or other equipment when in use. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 3-2004, f. & cert. ef. 6-7-04 OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0605 Out-of-Service Requirements for Wire Rope (1) Wire rope must be repaired (spliced), re-socketed, or taken out of service when there is: (a) Evidence of chafing, sawing, crushing, kinking, crystallization, bird-caging, corrosion, heat damage, or other damage that has weakened the rope structure, or (b) One or more broken wire(s) at the base of a poured nubbin or end fitting, or (c) Corroded, damaged, or improperly applied end connections, or (d) 12 1/2 percent of the wires are broken within a distance of one lay. EXCEPTION: Out-of-service requirements do not apply to chokers, grapple opening lines, tag lines, cat and skidder winch lines, and droplines that are not used to move the carriage. However, in accordance with 437-007-0600, a competent person must inspect these cables daily and remove from service any that are unsafe. Figure 7-1 — Wire Rope Out-of-Service EXAMPLE 1: A 6 x 19 Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) wire rope must be removed from service when 14 broken wires are found within the distance of one wire rope lay. [6 strands with 19 wires = 114 x 0.125 (12 1/2%) = 14.25] EXAMPLE 2: A 6 x 25 IWRC wire rope must be removed from service when 19 broken wires are found within the distance of one wire rope lay. [6 strands with 25 wires = 150 x 0.125 (12 1/2%) = 18.75] (2) Oversized trailer lift straps must be removed from service when the strap no longer has a breaking strength equal to five times the load to be lifted. [ED. NOTE: Figures referenced are available from the agency.] Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 3-2004, f. & cert. ef. 6-7-04 OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0610 Line Cutting and Splicing (1) Hard hammers must not be used when splicing or cutting wire rope with a wire axe. (2) Eye protection must be used when cutting lines. (3) Marlin spikes (needles) must be used when splicing. (4) Short splices, eye-to-eye splices, cat's paws, and knots are prohibited except when used to move nonload-bearing lines. (5) Knots may be used on single drum tractor winch lines, grapple pickup lines and carriage droplines when the knot is tied on the end of the dropline/pickup line. The knot must be pulled as tight as possible and the ends trimmed in accordance with Table 7-2. (6) Eye splices in wire rope 1/2-inch or less in diameter must be tucked at least two times when used as haywire (strawline). (7) Eye splices in all regular lay lines and straps must be tucked at least three times. (8) Eye splices in lang lay lines must be tucked at least four times. (9) When flemish (rolled) eye splices are used on load bearing lines, the strand ends must be secured by: (a) Hand tucking each strand three times; or (b) Applying a compression fitting (pressed eye fittings). (10) Log splices must be used for permanently joining regular lay running line. EXCEPTION: When using mechanical slack pulling carriages, jump splices may be used to connect the main and slack pulling lines, and tucked splices may be used to attach drop lines to main lines only if the: (1) Crew members are notified of the splices being used. (2) Yarder boom sheaves are of the Tommy Moore type. (3) Splices are on the yarder side of the carriage. (4) Lines are arranged so splices do not go through the carriage. (5) Spliced strands are trimmed at 6 inches. (6) Splices are inspected at least once daily for signs of excessive wear or failure. (7) Defective splices are immediately repaired (spliced) or removed from service. (8) Jump splices connecting main and slack pulling lines are between 30 inches and 48 inches long and tucked at least three times. (9) Splices attaching drop lines to main lines are tucked at least three times. (11) Follow Table 7-1 for the length of line strand to unravel to make a long splice in wire rope. The full length of the splice must be twice the length of the unraveled rope. Table 7-1 — Length of Wire Rope to Unravel When Long Splicing [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] (12) Wire strand ends must be trimmed to the length shown in Table 7-2. Table 7-2 — Trimmed Length For Wire Rope Strand Ends [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] [ED. NOTE: Tables referenced are available from the agency.] Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0615 Pressed Eyes and End Fittings (1) Pressed eyes must not be used for skyline eyes that will be crossed with loaded carriages. (2) Quick nubbins must not be used as guyline and skyline end fittings. (3) For rigging made up after December 1, 2003, standard sized ferrules must be used when nubbins are poured on wire rope that exceeds the rated breaking strength of 1 1/8-inch diameter extra improved plow steel. (4) Poured nubbin ferrules must be stamped with the date they were poured. (5) The recommendations of the manufacturer must be followed in attaching sockets and similar end fastenings. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 3-2004, f. & cert. ef. 6-7-04 OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03
437-007-0620 Cable Clamps (1) The use of cable clips or clamps for joining lines is prohibited, except where used for transferring slack lines from one place to another. Figure 7-2 — Wire Rope U-Bolt Clip Figure 7-3 — Wire Rope Fist Grip Clip [Figures not included. See ED. NOTE.] (2) When U-bolt wire rope clips are used, the following requirements apply: (a) When used for eye splices, the U-bolt wire rope clip must be attached so that the "U" section is in contact with the dead or short end of the rope; Figure 7-4 — U-Bolt Clip Installation [Figure not included. See ED. NOTE.] (b) U-bolt wire rope clips must be spaced at least six rope diameters apart to obtain the maximum holding power. Nuts must be tightened evenly and tightened again after application of the first sustained load. After the rope has been used and is under tension, the clips must be tightened again to take up any looseness caused by the tension reducing the rope diameter; (c) When high strength wire rope is used, one more U-bolt wire rope clip must be added for each grade above improved plow steel; and (d) U-bolt wire rope clips must not be used to form eyes on running lines, skylines, or straps. (3) When U-bolt wire rope clips are used to form eyes, Table 7-3 must be used to determine the number and spacing of clips. Table 7-3 — Number and Spacing of U-Bolt Wire Rope Clips [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.] [ED. NOTE: Figures and Tables referenced are available from the agency.] Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(4) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 5-2003, f. 6-2-03, cert. ef. 12-1-03