437-002-0315 Shake and Shingle Machinery NOTE: 1910.265(c) and (d) also apply to Shake and Shingle Machinery. (See OAR 437-002-0313(1).) (1) Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to prescribe minimum requirements for shake and shingle manufacturing operations. (2) Definitions applicable to shake and shingle machinery: (a) “Blocks” shall mean those sections of a log cut in various lengths; (b) “Blocks” and “Bolts” may be considered to be synonymous; (c) “Clipper Saw” shall mean a circular saw used to trim manufactured shingles; (d) “Groover” shall mean a cylinder-type knife (knives) similar to a planer knife (knives), used to cut grooves into the face surface on the side edge of shakes or shingles; (e) "Hip" and "Ridge saw" shall mean a circular saw used to cut various angles on the side edge of shakes or shingles. (f) “Johnson Bar” shall mean a shaft used to control the feed of the carriage; (g) “Knee Bolter Circular Saw” shall mean a stationary circular saw used to trim and debark blocks (the blocks are manually maneuvered onto a carriage and fed into a saw); (h) “Log Haul” shall mean a power conveyor used to move logs into position to cut into blocks; (i) “Packers” shall mean employees who pack the manufactured shakes or shingles into bundles; (j) “Pantograph Power Splitter” shall mean a hydraulically operated wedge, manually positioned into place, used to split blocks; (k) “Power Saw Splitter” shall mean a stationary circular saw used to split (saw) blocks, (the blocks are manually maneuvered onto a carriage and fed into the saw); (l) “Set Works” shall mean a component of the shingle machine, located on the machine frame, used to control the thickness of each shingle being manufactured; (m) “Shake Machine” shall mean a band saw used to cut shake blanks into manufactured shakes; (n) “Shake Splitter” shall mean a stationary hydraulically operated wedge, manually controlled, used to split shake blocks into shake blanks; (o) “Shim Saw” shall mean a circular saw used to re-cut manufactured shingles into narrow widths; (p) “Shingle Machine” shall mean a machine used to manufacture shingles; composed of a feed, set works, and carriage system, all functioning in relation to a circular saw; (q) “Shingle Saw” shall mean a circular saw used to cut shingles from blocks; (r) “Spault” shall mean the first and last section(s) of block as it is cut into shingles; (s) “Spault Catcher” shall mean a device located on the shingle machine next to the solid feed rolls, used to hold the last section of each block being cut (called a spault), in place; (t) “Track or Swing Cut Off Saw” shall mean a circular saw used to cut blocks from a log. (3) Track or Swing Cut Off Circular Saw: (a) A power operated track or swing cut off circular saw shall have controls so arranged that operators are not positioned directly in front of the saw while making a cut; (b) All track or swing cut off circular saws shall be completely encased or guarded when the saw is in the retract position, except for that portion of the guard that must be left open for the operation of the saw; (c) Track or swing cut off circular saw guards shall be constructed of sheet metal not less than 1/8-inch thick, or a wood guard of not less than nominal two-inch thick wood material, or equivalent; NOTE: Hinged or removable doors or gates will be permitted where necessary to permit adjusting and oiling. (d) The driving belts on the track or swing cut off circular saw shall be guarded; (e) A safety catch shall be provided to prevent the track cut off saw from leaving the track. (4) Overhead Deck Splitter — Pantograph: (a) Pantograph splitters shall have a shroud incorporated on the upper pressure plate to eliminate the possibility of the splitter moving from the operating are. This shroud shall be constructed of substantial design with a minimum width of three inches and a minimum thickness of 3/8-inch; (b) Mechanically operated overhead splitters shall have handles moving opposite the stroke of the piston; (c) When the leading edge of the pantograph splitter is completely extended, the minimum clearance from the deck to the splitting edge shall be two inches. (5) Power Splitter Saw. Power splitters shall have spreaders behind the saw to prevent materials from squeezing the saw or being thrown back on the operator. The top of the saw shall be completely covered. (6) Knee Bolter Circular Saw: (a) A safety catch shall be provided to prevent the bolter carriage from leaving the track; (b) Bolter saws shall be provided with a canopy guard of sheet metal not less than 1/8-inch thick, or cast iron guard not less than 3/16-inch thick or a wood guard of not less than nominal two-inch thick wood material or equivalent: (A) Such guard shall completely enclose the rear portion of the saw; (B) It shall be so arranged and adjusted as to cover the front of the saw; not to exceed 20 inches from the top of the carriage to the bottom of the guard on 16-inch and 18-inch blocks and 26 inches on 24-inch blocks, or the material being cut. (c) Knee bolter saws shall be provided with wipers of belting or other suitable material. These wipers shall be installed on both sides of the saw in such a manner as to deflect knots, chips, slivers, etc., that are carried by the saw; (d) A positive device shall be provided and used to manually lock and hold the feed table of knee bolter saws in the neutral position when not in use; (e) That portion of all saws which is below and behind the saw table shall be effectively guarded by the exhaust hood of other device; (f) Hinged or removable doors or gates will be permitted where necessary to permit adjusting and oiling. (7) Shake Machinery: (a) Shake Splitters: (A) A positive de-energizing device shall be provided within ready reach of each shake splitter operator; (B) Each shake splitter shall be provided with an adjustable stroke limiter to eliminate the splitting blade from striking the table; (C) All splitters shall have a minimum clearance of four inches, from the splitting edge to the table surface, when the splitter is in the extended position; (D) All splitter tables shall have a friction surface to reduce kick out of the material being split; (E) Shake splitters shall not be operated at a speed that would cause chunks to be thrown in such a manner as to create a hazard to the operator; (F) The use of foot pedal (treadle) mechanisms shall be provided with protection to prevent unintended operation from falling or moving objects or by accidental stepping onto the pedal: (i) The pedal shall have a nonslip surface; (ii) The pedal return spring shall be of the compression type, operating on a rod or guided within a hole or tube, or designed to prevent interleaving of spring coils in event of breakage; (iii) If pedal counterweights are provided, the path of the travel of the weight shall be enclosed. (b) Shake Saw Guards: (A) Every shake band saw shall be equipped with a saw guard on both sides of the blade down to the top side of the guide; (B) The outside saw guard shall extend a minimum of 3-1/2 inches below the bottom edge of the saw guide; (C) The maximum opening between the saw guide and table rolls shall be 15 inches. (c) Shake Saw Band Wheel Guards: (A) The band wheels on all shake band saws shall be completely encased or guarded on both sides; (B) The guards shall be constructed of not less than No. 14 U.S. gauge metal or material equal in strength; (C) The metal doors, on such guards, shall have a wood liner of a minimum thickness of 1/2 inch. (d) Shake Saw Band Wheels Speed and Maintenance: (A) No band wheel shall be run at a peripheral speed in excess of that recommended by the manufacturer; (B) Each band wheel shall be carefully inspected at least once a month by management; (C) Any band wheel in which a crack is found in the rim or in a spoke shall be immediately discontinued from service until properly repaired; (D) Each band saw frame shall be provided with a tension indicator. (8) Upright Shingle Machine: (a) Upright Shingle Saw Guards: (A) Every shingle machine carriage shall be equipped with a hand guard which: (i) Projects at least one inch beyond the cutting edge of the saw; (ii) Shall be located not more than 1/2-inch from the side of the saw blade. (B) Shingle saw guards shall have a rim guard so designed and installed as to prevent chips and knots from flying from the saws. Such guards shall cover the edge of the saw to at least the depth of the teeth, except such part of the cutting edge as is essential for sawing the material; (C) Saws, arbors, and couplings shall be guarded; (D) Every part of a clipper saw, except that part which is exposed to trim shingles, shall be enclosed by a guard, so designed and installed to prevent contact with the clipper saw. An additional guard shall be installed not more than four inches above the clipper board and not more than 1/2-inch from the vertical plane of the saw; (E) The underside of clipper saw boards shall be equipped with a substantial finger guard to effectively protect the operator’s fingers. The guard shall be a minimum of five inches long and 1-1/4 inches deep. (b) Upright Carriage Guards: (A) Automatic revolving cam set works and rocker arms, on machine frame, shall be guarded where exposed to contact; (B) The spault catchers shall be not less than 3/16-inch thick and kept sharp at all times. Missing teeth shall be replaced. (c) Carriage Feed Works: (A) The pinion gear, bull wheel and Johnson bar operating the same carriage, shall be guarded where exposed to contact; (B) Each shingle machine clutch treadle shall be arranged so that it is necessary to manually operate the treadle to start the machine: (i) The use of devices to permit the automatic starting of the machine when the jaw treadle is released is prohibited; (ii) The carriage shall have a brake to hold it in a neutral position. (C) Carriage speed shall not exceed 34 strokes per minute. (9) Related Shake and Shingle Sawing Machinery: (a) Flat or Taper Saw. A wood or metal guard or its equivalent shall be secured to the sliding table at the side nearest the sawyer to protect him/her from contact with the cutting edge of the saw when a block is not in the cut; (b) Hip and Ridge Saws: (A) The hip and ridge saws shall be guarded with a hood-like device; (B) This guard shall cover that portion of the saw not needed to cut the material, located above the cutting table; (C) The remaining portion of the saw, located below the table, shall be effectively guarded. NOTE: The above subsection is applicable to both shake and shingle hip and ridge saws. (c) Shim Stock Saws. The top ends and sides of the shim stock saws shall be guarded; (d) Shake or Shingle Groover. The top ends and sides of the groover, to include the press rolls, shall be guarded; (e) Mechanical Power Transmission Machinery. All mechanical power transmission equipment shall be guarded in accordance with the requirements of Division 2, Subdivision O, Machinery and Machine Guarding. (10) Circular Saws, Speeds, and Repairs: (a) Maximum Allowable Speeds: (A) No circular saw shall be run at a speed in excess of that recommended by the manufacturer; (B) The manufacturer’s recommended speed shall be etched or otherwise permanently marked on the blade, and that speed shall not be exceeded. (b) Repairs and Reconditioning: (A) Shingle saws when reduced in size to less than 40 inches in diameter shall be discontinued from service as shingle saws on upright or vertical machines; (B) Shingle saws may be reconditioned for use as clipper saws, provided the surfaces are reground and the proper balance attained; (C) Shingle saws may be used to no less than 36 inches on flat or taper saw machines. (c) Operations: (A) Workers shall not leave shingle machines unattended while the carriage is in motion: (i) Chunks may be placed horizontally one tier high on top of shingle blocks; (ii) Shingle blocks shall be piled in a stable manner, not more than 72 inches high, within the immediate working area of the shingle sawyer or the area shall be barricaded. (B) Provisions shall be made to prevent blocks from falling into the packing area; (C) On each machine operated by electric motors, positive means shall be provided for rendering such controls or devices inoperative while repairs or adjustments are being made to the machines they control; (D) Workers shall not stand on top of blocks while in the process of splitting such blocks into bolts. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2) & 656.726(3) Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 654.001 - 654.295 History: OSHA 7-1993, f. 6-8-93, cert. ef. 8-1-93