603-051-1040 Classification of Defects (1) Bruises: (a) Injury — When any slight indentation of the fruit or discoloration extends more than 1/16 inch in depth. When not smooth, or aggregating more than the area of a circle 3/8 inch in diameter; (b) Damage — When any slight indentation of the fruit or discoloration extends more than 1/8 inch in depth. When not smooth, or aggregating more than the area of a circle 1/2 inch in diameter. (2) Leaf or Limbrub: (a) Injury — When any leaf or limbrub is cracked, softened, more than very slightly depressed, not light in color, or exceeding an aggregate area of 3/4 inch in diameter; (b) Damage — Any one of the following or any combination thereof, the seriousness of which exceeds the maximum allowed for any one defect, shall be considered as damage: (A) Any limbrubs which are cracked, softened, or more than slightly depressed; (B) Black discoloration caused by limbrubs, which exceed an aggregate area of 3/8 inch in diameter; (C) Dark brown discoloration or excessive roughness caused by limbrubs which exceed an aggregate area of 3/4 inch in diameter; (D) Slightly rough, light colored discoloration caused by limbrubs which exceeds an aggregate area of smooth, light colored discoloration 3/4 inch in diameter; (E) Smooth, light colored discoloration caused by limbrubs which exceeds an aggregate area of one inch in diameter. (3) Russeting: (a) Injury: (A) Smooth skin varieties should not have any russeting. Full russeted varieties should not have rough russet marks; (B) On Kosui and other partial russet varieties and on Hosui and other complete russet types, any amount of smooth russeting shall be permitted whether from natural causes or stimulated by artificial means; leaf whips or light limbrubs which resemble and blend into russeted areas shall be considered as russet. (b) Damage — Russeting which exceeds the following: (A) On all varieties excessively rough russeting (russeting which shows “frogging” or slight cracking) when the aggregate area exceeds 1/2 inch in diameter; (B) On Nijisseiki and other clear skin varieties, no rough or thick russet nor slight russeting such as is characteristic of frost injury, when the aggregate area exceeds 1/2 inch in diameter; (C) On Kosui and other partially russeted types, and on Hosui and other compete russet types, any amount of characteristic smooth russeting shall be permitted whether from natural causes, or stimulated by artificial means; leaf whips and light limbrubs which resemble and blend into russeted areas shall be considered as russet. (4) Sprayburn and Sunburn: (a) Injury — None allowed; (b) Damage — Sunburn or sprayburn where the skin is blistered, cracked, or shows any tan or brownish color, or the shape of the pear is appreciably flattened, or the flesh is appreciable softened or changed in color, except that sprayburn of a russet blemish character shall be considered under the definition of blemish. (5) Hail and Scars: (a) Injury — Shallow hail marks or other similar depressions or scars where the injury affects an aggregate area for more than 1/8 inch in diameter; (b) Damage — Shallow hail marks or other similar depressions or scars where the injury affects an aggregate area of more than 1/4 inch in diameter. (6) Drought Spot: (a) Injury — None allowed; (b) Damage — Drought spot when more than one in number, or when the external injury exceeds an aggregate area of 3/8 inch, or when the appearance of the flesh is materially affected by corky tissue or brownish discoloration. (7) Disease: (a) Injury — None allowed; (b) Damage: (A) Scab spots which are black and which cover an aggregate area of more than 1/4 inch in diameter except that scab spots of a russet character shall be considered under the definition of russeting; (B) Sooty blotch which is thinly scattered over five percent of the surface, or dark, heavily concentrated spots which affect an area of more than 3/8 inch in diameter. (8) Insects: (a) Injury — None allowed; (b) Damage — More than one healed codling moth sting, or any insect sting which is over 3/32 inch in diameter, or other insect stings affecting the appearance to an equal extent. (9) Healed Skin Breaks: (a) Injury — None allowed; (b) Damage: (A) Small inconspicuous skin breaks less than 1/8 inch in diameter or depth, shall not be considered damage. In addition, not more than 15 percent of the pears in any container may have more than one skin break from 1/8 inch to 3/16 inch, inclusive, in diameter or depth; (B) Any pear with one skin break larger than 3/16 inch in diameter or depth, or with more than one skin break 1/8 inch or larger in diameter or depth shall be considered damaged and scored against the grade tolerance. (10) Discoloration: (a) Injury: (A) Black discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of 1/4 inch in diameter; (B) Dark brown discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of 1/2 inch in diameter; (C) Light colored discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of 3/4 inch in diameter. (b) Damage: (A) Black discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of 3/8 inch in diameter; (B) Dark brown discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of 3/4 inch in diameter; (C) Light colored discoloration which exceeds an aggregate area of one inch in diameter. (11) Growth Cracks: (a) Injury: (A) When not healed; (B) When more than one in number; (C) When more than 1/8 inch in depth; (D) When more than 1/4 inch in length. (b) Damage: (A) When not healed and more than 1/8 inch in length or depth; (B) When healed and more than 1/4 inch in depth; (C) When healed and aggregating more than 1/2 inch in length. (12) Cork Spot: (a) Injury — When a pear has depressions or the flesh is more than slightly affected; (b) Damage — When more than one is visible externally or when the flesh is more than materially affected. Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 561.190 & 632.905 Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS 632.905 History: AD 10-1992, f. & cert. ef. 9-9-92