Case Name: Farelly Lake Levee District v. Hudson
Court: Arkansas Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Arkansas
Decision Date: 1925-06-15
Citations: 169 Ark. 33
Docket Number: 
Parties: Farelly Lake Levee District v. Hudson.
Judges: 
Reporter: Arkansas Reports
Volume: 169
Pages: 33–39

Head Matter:
Farelly Lake Levee District v. Hudson.
Opinion delivered June 15, 1925.
Rose, Hemingway, Cantfell & Loughborough, for appellant.
Wooldridge & Wooldridge, for appellee.

Opinion:
Hart, J.
(after stating the facts). Farelly Lake Levee District was created by the Legislature of 1913, and the original act was amended by the Legislature of 1917 and the Legislature of 1919. By § 6 of both amendatory acts it is expressly provided that it is ascertained and declared that no land in the district will be benefited more than $20 per acre by reason of the proposed improvement. Acts of 1917, vol. 1, p. 905 and Special Acts of 1919 p. 192.
The answer admits that a re-assessment increasing the benefits of $25 an acre was made; but it avers that the assessment was increased under the authority of act 356 of the General Assembly of the year 1925, entitled, "An act for the relief of local improvement districts created by special acts."
Section 1 of the-act reads as follows: "Section 1. Where any local improvement district created by a special act has made.an agreement or undertaking for any construction work to be done upon its original or any changed plans, such district is hereby empowered to carry out such agreement or undertaking; and to that end it may issue bonds bearing interest at a rate not exceeding six per cent, per annum and may secure the payment of said bonds by the pledge and mortgage of its assessment of benefits and tax levy, and the holders of such bonds shall have the rights of action described in § 25 of act No. 279 of the Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas cf the year 1909, entitled, £An act to provide for the creation of drainage districts in this State', approved May 27, 1909; but said bonds shall not be sold for less than par without the unanimous vote of the board of directors or commissioners of such district; and such districts may make, a re-assessment of their benefits, which may be sufficient in amount to complete the improvement, which re-assessment shall be made, advertised and equalized like their original assessment of benefits, and shall become final and incontestable after the lapse of the same time as the original assessment."
At the outset it may be stated that the act passed by the Legislature of 1925 is a general act. The question of whether an act is a general or a special one must be determined from the act itself and from facts of which the court will take judicial notice. The courts will take judicial notice that many special acts have been heretofore passed by the Legislature establishing levee, drainage and highway districts. A general law must relate to persons and things as a class and must operate throughout the State upon the whole subject or whole class and must not be restricted to any particular locality within the State. The classification must be so general as to bring within its limits all those who are in substantially the same situation or class. McLaughlin v. Ford, 168 Ark. 1108.
It is well settled in this State that, where a subsequent general act is repugnant to a prior special act or acts, the general act, without any repealing clause, operates as a repeal of the special act or acts to the extent of the repugnancy and where two such acts are passed at different times and it is clearly evident that the later act was intended as a revision of the prior one, it will repeal the first act to the extent in which its provisions are revised or substituted. Massey v. State use Prairie County, 168 Ark. 174.
Tested by this rule, it is manifest that § 1 of act 356 of the Acts of 1925 above set forth, repeals the provision in § 6 of the amendatory acts above referred to ydierein, it is declared by the Legislature that no laud in the Farelly Lake Levee District will be benefited more than $20 per acre by reason of the proposed improvement. The act creating the district, and the amendatory acts passed by the Legislatures of 1917 and 1919 are all special acts.
The act of 1925 above set forth expressly provides that where any local improvement district created by a special act has made an agreement for any construction work, such district is impowered to carry out such agreement and to that end may issue bonds. The act further provides that such district may make a re-assessment of benefits which may be sufficient in amount to complete the improvement. It also provides that the re-assessment shall be made and equalized like the original assessment of benefits and shall become final and incontestable after the same lapse of time as the original assessment. Thus it will be seen that the act by its express terms provides that it is a revision and substitution for the assessment provisions in all local improvement districts created by special acts where an agreement or undertaking for any construction work has been made.
The answer by proper averments shows that prior to the passage of said act of 1925 the Farelly Lake Levee District had made an agreement for construction work to be done under its original plans. It is plain then that the special act creating the district, and the acts of 1917 and 1919 amendatory thereof, come within the express provisions of the act of 1925. In other words, the limitation of the amendatory acts that no land in the district will be benefited more than $20 per acre is repugnant to and inconsistent with the provisions of the act of 1925. Therefore, the limitation in this respect is taken away by the subsequent general act, being- a later act and repugnant to the provisions of the former one. In other words, the later general act contains no restrictions or limitations as to amount upon the assessments of benefits except the guaranty of the Constitution that no assessment of benefits for local improvements shall be made on real property in substantial excess of the special benefits to the property. Burr v. Beaver Dam Drain age Dist., 145 Ark. 51 and Earle Road Imp. Dist. No, 6 v. Johnson, 145 Ark. 438.
Counsel for the plaintiff seeks to uphold the decree upon the authority of Mays v. Phillips County, 168 Ark. 829. But we do not think that case has any application to the facts of the present one. The general statute in that case did not refer to the prior special act, and there is nothing in its provisions showing that it was intended as a revision or substitution for the first act. Hence a majority of the court was of the opinion that the prior special act was not repealed by implication by the subsequent general act. In short, a majority of the court thought that the Legislature had no intention of repealing the special act by the subsequent general act, and that there was no language whatever used from which such repeal could be implied. In the act under consideration, the Legislature expressly states that it is a revision of special acts where an agreement for construction work has been made upon the original plans, and that a re-assessment of benefits may be made to an extent sufficient to complete the improvement.
The result of our views is that the decree of the chancery court will be reversed, and the cause will be remanded with directions to dismiss the complaint of the plaintiff for want of equity.