Case Name: Cora Smith, an Infant, by Hattie Smith, her Guardian ad Litem, Appellant, v. The City of New York, Respondent
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1903
Citations: 88 A.D. 606
Docket Number: 
Parties: Cora Smith, an Infant, by Hattie Smith, her Guardian ad Litem, Appellant, v. The City of New York, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 88
Pages: 606–609

Head Matter:
Cora Smith, an Infant, by Hattie Smith, her Guardian ad Litem, Appellant, v. The City of New York, Respondent.
Action against the city of New York for personal injuries — notice to the comptroller is a condition precedent to its maintenance— notice must also he given to the corporation counsel.'
Section- 261 of the Greater New York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 378), which provides, .-‘No action or special proceeding for any.cause whatever shall b.e prosecuted or maintained against the city of New York unless it shall appear by and as an allegation in the complaint or necessary moving papers that at ■ least ■ thirty days have elapsed since the demand, claim or claims upon which : such action or. special proceeding is.founded were presented to the comptroller of said city for adjustment and that he has neglected or refused to make an adjustment or payment thereof for thirty days after such presentment,” creates a condition precedent, compliance with which must he both alleged and proved.'
This section of the charter does not in anyway affect chapter 572 of the Laws of 1886 requiring notice to be served upon the corporation counsel. Both notices must be served.
Appeal by the plaintiff, Cora Smith, an infant, by Hattie Smith» her guardian ad litem, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the defendant, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the -6th day of April, 1903, upon the dismissal of the complaint by direction of the court after a trial at the New York Trial Term.
Mary Coleman, for the appellant.
Terence Farley, for the respondent.

Opinion:
McLaughlin, J.:
This'action was brought to recover damages for personal in juries. The complaint, among other things, alleged that at a time stated» and, prior to the commencement of the action, the plaintiff presented a claim in writing to the comptroller of the city of-New York for an adjustment of the damages claimed;. that more than thirty days had elapsed since said claim was presented, and that the comptroller had neglected and refused to make any adjustment or payment thereof. This allegation of the complaint was put in issue by the answér.
At the trial, after a jury had been impaneled, to establish this allegation of the complaint, plaintiff offered in evidence the notice of claim served. It was in form addressed to the comptroller of the defendant, but was not, in fact, served upon him, but instead upon the corporation counsel, who entered it in a book kept by him entitled, • "Notices of intention to commence actions." It was admitted by plaintiff's counsel that the notice was not served upon the comptroller and that no notice was served in any other way than the one. served upon the corporation counsel. This admission having been made, defendant's counsel moved to dismiss the complaint, upon the ground that a proper notice of plaintiff's claim had not been served upon the comptroller. The motion was granted and judgment thereafter entered to this effect from which plaintiff has appealed.
We are of the opinion that the complaint was properly dismissed. Section 261 of the Greater New York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 378) provides: "'No action or special proceeding for any causé whatever shall be prosecuted or maintained against the city of New York unless it shall appear by and as an allegation in the complaint or necessary moving papers that at least thirty days have -elapsed since the demand, claim or claims upon which such action or special proceeding is founded were presented to the comptroller of said city for adjustment and that he has neglected or refused to make an adjustment or payment thereof for thirty days after such presentment."
A compliance with this provision of the charter is in the nature of a condition precedent and must be both alleged and proved. It is part of the plaintiff's cause of action. A failure to allege it in the complaint renders the complaint demurrable (Pulitzer v. City of New York, 48 App. Div. 6) and a failure to prove it prevents a recovery. (Foley v. Mayor, 1 App. Div. 586; White v. Mayor, 15 id. 440; Krall v. City of New York, 44 id; 259. See, also, Rider v. City of Mount Vernon, 87 Hun, 27; Curry v. City of Buffalo, 135 N. Y. 366.)
The object sought to be accomplished by this provision' of the charter is to give an opportunity to the comptroller to examine the validity of the claim presented, and if valid, to adjust and pay the same, in order to avoid the expenses of litigation. Nor does this section of the charter in any way affect chapter 572 of the Laws .-of 1886, which requires notice to be served upon the corporation counsel. (Curry v. City of Buffalo, supra) Krall v. City of New York, supra.) Tile object of such notice is to enable the legal adviser of the city to investigate the claim while the matter is fresh in-the minds of witnesses and determine whether or not there is any basis for it.
The conclusion thus reached is in no way in conflict with Missano v. Mayor (160 N. Y. 123); Sheehy v. City of New York (Id. 139) or Shaw v. City of New York (83 App. Div. 212).
In the Missano case it was held that a notice which purported to be given in compliance with section 1104 of the Consolidation Act (Laws of 1882, chap. 410) and was addressed to and filed with the comptroller, was a substantial compliance with chapter 572 of the Laws of 1886, inasmuch as the notice was, by the comptroller, sent to the corporation counsel, who acted upon it.
In the Sheehy case the notice failed to state in terms an intention to commence an action, but it was held that it was, nevertheless, sufficient, inasmuch as it substantially complied with the statute and gave the corporation counsel information that a claim was made and of an intention to enforce it. i
In the Shaw case the complaint alleged, and the answer admitted, that prior to the commencement of the action the plaintiff presented to and filed with the comptroller of the defendant a claim for the damages fór which a recovery was had, and which notice contained a statement of the time and place of the accident, the facts connected.with it — including the injuries sustained by the plaintiff — the damages to his property, and the damages claimed. At the trial an amendment of the complaint was permitted, so as to allow the plaintiff to prove that the notice served on the comptroller, or a similar one, was also served upon the corporation counsel, who - acted upon it and required the plaintiff to submit to an examination.
In the case now before us, as already said, no notice whatever was served upon the comptroller, and under the section of the charter referred to, and the authorities cited, this precluded the plaintiff from maintaining the action.
It follows, therefore, that the judgment appealed from must be affirmed, with costs.
Van Brunt, P. J., O'Brien, Ingraham and Hatch, JJ., concurred.
Judgment affirmed, with costs.