Case Name: Mary E. Herdman, Adm'rx, App'lt, v. The New York, Lake Erie & Western Railroad Co., Resp't
Court: New York Supreme Court, General Term
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1891-12-28
Citations: 42 N.Y. St. Rep. 293
Docket Number: 
Parties: Mary E. Herdman, Adm’rx, App’lt, v. The New York, Lake Erie & Western Railroad Co., Resp’t.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 42
Pages: 293–296

Head Matter:
Mary E. Herdman, Adm’rx, App’lt, v. The New York, Lake Erie & Western Railroad Co., Resp’t.
(Supreme Court, General Term, Third Department,
Filed December 28, 1891.)
Hegligence—Contributory.
A train was moving from twenty to forty miles an hour and was 900 feet from a station, the name of which had not been announced to the passengers in the car. Plaintiff's intestate left the car and went out on the platform and in some manner fell from it and was killed. Held, that there could be no recovery. That as it was light, as the deceased was familiar with the station and knew that the train had not reached it, it was negligence in him to go from a place of safety to an unguarded and oscillating platform.
Appeal from judgment entered on dismissal of complaint.
■John W. Lyon, for app’lt; Lewis & Carr, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Kellogg, J.
This action is brought to recover upon a cause of action given by a statute of the state of Pennsylvania, alleged and admitted to be in all respects similar to the statute of this state, for the death of plaintiff's intestate through the negligence of defendant.
At the close of plaintiff's case the trial court, on motion of defendant, directed a dismissal of the complaint for failure to present evidence sufficient to warrant a verdict determining that the deceased was free from negligence and the cause of the accident was attributable to any negligence on the part of the defendant.
The deceased was a passenger on defendant's passenger train. When near the station Shohola, Penn., and about 900 feet away, the deceased stepped off or fell off the rear platform of the smoker and was killed.
Just how the accident occurred does not clearly appear. Whether the deceased deliberately stepped off the train or accidentally fell off,- aided by .the motion of the train, the evidence does not disclose. •
The train at the time was moving at its usual rate of speed, from twenty to forty miles an hour. A passenger, named Lawrence, in the coach in the rear of the smoker at the time, says : " He was coming out of the smoking car and came across on the front end of the car that I was on. I was on the next car to the smoker, and he disappeared." Another witness named Everly standing at his shop, about five hundred feet distant, says : " He was standing on the rear platform of the smoking car when I saw him first. Next I saw him fall and drag. He had hold of the railing and was dragged three or four rods I think." The only other witness who speaks of the occurrence is Timothy Welch, the conductor of the train, plaintiff's witness, and he gives perhaps the only evidence which conveys any impression of just what did occur. He says: " When I first saw Herdman (deceased) he was on the steps of the smoking car fixing himself to get off. He was preparing to get off when I first saw him. When I first saw him he had hold of the railing and was letting himself down as I was coming out of the ladies' car door, and I halooed to him and sprang to him at the same time, and before I could get to him his feet had got on the ground, and the result was he was dragged. I reached to catch him, and my brakeman went down on the steps of the ladies' car and we reached to catch him, and before we could catch him he had let go. I had not seen anything of the man before that, after I left the smoker, until I saw him then. I saw him in the smoker when I took up the tickets. He was in the third or fourth seat from the front end of the "car on the right hand side. The car is forty-five to sixty feet long. There had been no announcement of the-station Shohola in the smoking car up to the time I-saw the man upon the steps."
One witness testified that the station had been announced in-the ladies' car before the accident. No one testifies to contradict the conductor that no announcement had been made in the smoker.
Some effort was made by plaintiff to show that the track was out of repair. The workmen were seen a few days before the accident in this neighborhood removing cinders between the ties and replacing stone ballast. The evidence on this subject wholly fails to convey the impression that the track was not in good condition or that the motion of the car was unusual or unsafe, or that there was any defect in the track or road bed which contributed •or could contribute to the accident, the fall of plaintiff's intestate, or his death.
The deceased was familiar with this train, the road and this station. The accident occurred on Saturday evening while it was light. During the week every morning he took this train at this station, and returned on this train to this station every evening. He could see from his seat in the front end of the smoker that the train was approaching Shohola station. He knew it had not slackened its speed. He knew abundant time would be afforded him to alight when the station was reached. Instead of waiting for the train to stop, he voluntarily walked back through the car, and if what plaintiff's witness, the conductor, says is truthful, he deliberately undertook to alight 900 feet away from the station from a train moving at the rate of twenty to forty miles an hour.
Even if the theory were accepted that while standing on the platform of the car the deceased from the motion of the car lost his balance and fell, still the deceased could not be regarded as free from contributory negligence.' He left a place of safety provided by defendant, and took his dangerous position voluntarily. He was driven by no necessity; he had full knowledge of the situation, full knowledge that the defendant •could afford him no protection beyond what was plainly to be seen. Ho court has yet gone so far as to hold that such acts under such •circumstances do not constitute negligence per se. To leave it to a jury to say that such acts under such circumstances do not constitute negligence would be to throw away the best understood legal standing, and substitute in its place any whim which might chance to flit through the minds or run in the emotions of uninstructed and unbridled jurors. Ho man in possession of ordinary faculties; familiar with the oscillating motion of cars from frequent riding thereon, as was this deceased, need be notified that it is extremely dangerous to stand upon the platform at the end of a car without side guards or railing, and he knows without being told that only in the emergency of there being no other place provided is standing in such a place even excusable while a train is moving twenty or forty miles an hour.
The plaintiff contends that this train was short of brakemen; that the defendant should have provided one more brakeman. It is difficult to see how another brakeman could have prevented the .accident even if there had been another on the train.
It is not part of the duties of a brakeman to prevent men from standing on the platforms of the car, nor to catch them when they jump off or fall off ; and this deceased had no right to expect that this defendant had provided for him such a body guard. The duties of brakemen are to stand at the front and rear end of a moving train, as appears by the rules plaintiff offered m evidence.
It is only where the injury can be reasonably traced to lack of sufficient help that such lack can be claimed as negligence. The same is true of the roadbed and rules of a railroad company.
The plaintiff contends that it should have been left to the jury to say whether the deceased heard the announcement in the car in rear of the smoker of " Shohola Station." It would have been a great stretch of faith to believe from the evidence that he did hear such announcement, but even if he did' we do not see how that could absolve him from the charge of negligence. He did not stand in the position of a stranger. It was light outside. He could see. He was familiar, from recent daily riding on this train to this station, with the fact that the train was accustomed to. stop for passengers to alight He knew the train had not arrived at the station, had not slackened its speed even, and was running at a very rapid rate. Even if he had heard the announcement, he could not have interpreted it, in the light of his knowledge, tornean that he must at once thrust himself upon the unprotected end platform of the car.
v We are of opinion that no error was committed by the trial court during the trial, and that the dismissal of the complaint was-proper.
Judgment should be affirmed, with costs.
Mayham, J., concurs.