Case Name: Delia C. Roberts, Plaintiff, v. Roberts-Wicks Company, Defendant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1905
Citations: 102 A.D. 118
Docket Number: 
Parties: Delia C. Roberts, Plaintiff, v. Roberts-Wicks Company, Defendant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 102
Pages: 118–121

Head Matter:
Delia C. Roberts, Plaintiff, v. Roberts-Wicks Company, Defendant.
Corporation — where preferred stock entitled to cumulative dividends is reduced and the owner exchanges the original scrip for scrip for the lesser amount, the dividends are to be based on the volume of the stock as reduced,.
A manufacturing corporation was organized with §50,000 of preferred stock and $150,000 of common stock. It was provided that six per cent cumulative dividends should be paid on the preferred stock and that the remainder of the surplus profits should be applicable to dividends on the common stock. April 16, 1898, the capital stock was increased so as to consist of §75,000 in preferred stock and §225,000 in common stock. Prior to July 1,1901, one Delia C. Roberts became the owner of §25,000 of the preferred stock of the corporation. June 25, 1904, the stock was reduced to §50,000 preferred stock and §150,000 in common stock. October 25, 1904, Delia C. Roberts, who voted against the reduction of the capital stock, surrendered her certificate for §25,000 of preferred stock and received a new certificate for §16,700, being substantially the amount she was entitled to under the reduction.
Six per cent dividends were paid on the preferred stock up to July 1, 1901. No further dividends were declared until December 20, 1904, when the directors of the corporation adopted a resolution, declaring the usual dividend on the preferred stock payable January 2, 1905, and a dividend of one per cent upon the common stock payable May 1, 1905.
At the time the capital stock was decreased there were no surplus profits applicable to the payment of dividends and the reduction resulted in creating a small surplus.
Held, that Delia O. Roberts was only entitled to interest on the §16,700 worth of stock held by her at the time the dividend was declared, and that she was not entitled to the dividends between July 1, 1901, and June 25, 1904, on the §8,300 worth of stock which she had surrendered;
That when she surrendered the stock and allowed it to be canceled, she gave up all right to future dividends thereon.
Submission of a controversy upon an agreed statement of facts pursuant to section 1279 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
Henry J. Cookinham, for the plaintiff.
Walter N. Kernan and John D. Kernan, for the defendant.

Opinion:
Williams, J.:
Judgment should be ordered for defendant in accordance with its demand in the submission, without costs.
The controversy arises over dividends upon the stock in the defendant corporation. It was organized August 5,1895, under the Business Corporations Law (Laws of 1892, chap. 691, as amd. by Laws of 1895, chap. 671) for tlxe manufacture and sale of clothing. The capital stock originally consisted of $50,000 preferred and $150,000 common stock. Out of the surplus profits of the business the holders of the preferred stock were entitled to be paid dividexxds of six per cent per annum in semi-annual payments before the common stock was entitled to anything, and in case of non-payment the dividends should bear interest at the rate of six per cent from the date when payable. All the remaining surplus profits were applicable to dividends on the common stock, as the board of directors should direct. April 16, 1898, the capital stock was duly increased so as to consist of $75,000 preferred and $225,000 common. Prior to July 1, 1901, the plaintiff became the owner of $25,000 of the preferred stock. June 25, 1904, the stock was duly reduced so as again to consist of $50,000 preferred and $150,000 common. The plaintiff voted against such reduction. October 25, 1904, she surrendered her certificate for $25,000 of preferred stock and l'eceived a new certificate for $16,700, being a few dollars mox-e than she was entitled to under the reduction, and for which excess she paid in cash. The six per cent .semi-annual dividends on the preferred stock were paid up to July 1, 1901, when plaintiff purchased her stock, but none have been paid since that time. Rone were declared until December 20, 1904, when a resolution was adopted by tlxe boai'd of directors that the amount due to stockholders in full for dividends and accrued interest thereon, to December 1, 1904, upon the $50,000 preferred stock be paid January 2, 1905, to stockholders of record December 26, 1904, and at the same time a dividend was declared of one per cent payable May 1, 1905, upon the common stock of $150,000 to stockholders of record April 20, 1905.
It will thus be seen that the defendant only proposes to pay plaintiff's dividends and interest thereon from July 1,1901, to December 1, 1904, on $16,700 of stock, and then pay a dividend on the common stock. The plaintiff claims she is also entitled to dividends and interest on the $8,300 between July Í, 1901, and June 25,1904, which stock she held between those dates befoi'e the payment of the dividend on the common stock. This is the precise question in con troversy. While plaintiff held this ,$8,300 of stock there were no surplus profits from which any dividends could be paid. The capital stock was impaired, there was a deficiency of nearly $100,000. As soon as the stock was reduced from $300,000 to $200,000 there was a surplus of $9,138.15, which, under the definition contained in Williams v. W. U. Tel. Co. (93 N. Y. 162) and Strong v. Brooklyn Cross-Town R. R. Co. (Id. 426), would be regarded as surplus profits, and could properly be used in paying dividends. After the stock was reduced and before the dividends were declared $15,087.40 of other surplus profits were earned. Then the divi dends were declared, and the question is whether the plaintiff, having given up $8,300 of the stock owned by her, has forfeited her right to past dividends and interest on such stock, or whether she is entitled to the same.
The contract between the defendant and its stockholders embodied in the certificate of incorporation and the certificates of stock was that the holders of the preferred stock should be entitled to, and be paid, dividends of six per cent semi-annually, and in case of nonpayment the dividends should bear interest at the rate of six per cent from the date when payable. By virtue of this contract the plaintiff just prior to the reduction of the capital stock was entitled, whenever dividends were declared, to the dividends and interest on the $8,300 as well as on the $16,700. By the reduction and the surrender of the $8,300 of stock, did she relinquish these dividends and interest? She did not do so in express terms. Did she do so by legal implication ? Ho authorities are cited bearing upon this precise question.
We are inclined to the opinion that the plaintiff, not being the owner of this $8,300 of stock at the time the dividends were declared, was not entitled to any dividends thereon. She could acquire no rights in any of defendant's property for dividends until the dividends were actually declared. If the stock had been transferred instead of surrendered the plaintiff would have retained no interest in the dividends in question. They would have passed to her assignee as an incident to the stock itself. When she surrendered the stock and allowed it to be canceled, she gave up all right to future dividends thereon also. Dividends could not well be declared except upon stock in' existence when the dividends were so declared. The agreement as to dividends was not invalid, bnt the reduction of the stock which was made under the Stock Corporation Law (Laws of 1892, chap. 688, § 44-46, as amd. by Laws of 1901, chap. 354 and Laws of 1904, chap. 123) could not well provide, and did not provide, for any saving of liability to plaintiff by the defendant for the dividends undeclared upon the canceled destroyed stock.
There is no apparent equity in the case in favor of the plaintiff. She became the owner of her stock when the total capital stock was $300,000, and when the reduction to $200,000 was contemplated there were no surplus earnings to pay her any dividends, and were not likely to be any unless the stock was reduced in amount. It was impaired nearly $100,000. By reducing the stock the defendant was able to accumulate a surplus from which it could pay dividends on the stock as reduced. The plaintiff had the benefit of the reduction of the stock and the dividends as made. We do not see that she was entitled to more than she received.
Our conclusion is that judgment should be ordered for defeiidant in accordance with its demand in the submission. No costs will be allowed.
All concurred, except Stover, J., not voting."
Judgment ordered for the defendant in accordance with its demand in the submission.