Case Name: ODLE v. STATE
Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1940-04-17
Citations: 139 S.W.2d 595
Docket Number: Na. 20955
Parties: ODLE v. STATE.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Western Reporter Second Series
Volume: 139
Pages: 595–598

Head Matter:
ODLE v. STATE.
Na. 20955.
Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
April 17, 1940.
Rehearing Denied May 15, 1940.
Smith & Dowdy, of McKinney, for appellant.
Roland Boyd, Co. Atty., and Dwight Whitwell, Asst. Co. Atty., both of McKinney, and Lloyd W. Davidson, State’s Atty., of Austin, for the State.

Opinion:
BEAUCHAMP, Judge.
The appeal is from a conviction in Collin County assessing a fine of $100 and ten days in jail, upon an indictment alleging that on the 7th day of July, 1939, Johnnie Odie unlawfully took and .offered to take and accept and place for A. G. Sparlin a bet and wager of money in the amount- of twenty-five cents "on a baseball game, athletic contest and sports event."
The prosecution is under Art. 652a, Sec. 1, of Vernon's Annotated Penal Code.
Several questions are raised and those not here discussed are overruled. Bill of exception No. 1, which . complains, of the failure ,of .the court t.o. sustain the appellant's motion to quash the indictment, will, be first considered.. Several questions of law áre presented in. connection with this motion, but we will discuss it mofe as a general proposition.
If the offense alleged and , proven is in , violation of the bqokmaking statute above referred to, the case must, be affirmed. The facts are very complicated, made so for the evident purpose of evading the statute, but when analyzed, we find. no material difference between the case here presented and others which have been passed upon by this court, particularly Simmons v. State, 135 Tex.Cr.R. 425, 120 S.W.2d 1061.
Among othei; contentions - made is that .the purchaser of the ticket in question did not know which ball game he was betting on and consequently could not come within the statute. On the following facts^ we conclude that instead of exercising his judgment as t'o the two teams whose consolidated scores he championed, he merely took the chance on drawing. for them. After he did so, the procedure is simple and parallel to the ordinary and ,wdl-understood method of bookmaking.'
The appellant was engaged in business in the city . of McKinney. He kept in his .piace a= ticker from which he received the reports .daily of the various ball games of both ' the American and National Leagues as they progressed. He operated a device' or scheme consisting of' 120 sealed combinations of two teams' initials on a card. The customer paid ' twenty-five cents fór. this number, removed it from the card, opened it, and kept this as his receipt'and claim check. He could purchase as many as he desired. Of the thirty dollars received from the sale of the tickets, on each card the appellant would keep five^dollars- and place the other in a fund so that the winner, at the close of the games, would draw down twenty-five dollars. -Apparently appellant was doing a thriving business and proceeded upon the theory that he was not violating the law. To settle the matter, he invited the patronage of the sheriff's department with a test case to determine the status of his operation. The purchaser of the ticket was a deputy sheriff, in company with' two others. He did not win. Each ticket had a different combination. If the combined scores of the two teams drawn exceeded that of any other two teams, either the American or National' League, the holder is the winner. It is possible, but not likely, that there 'should be two or more winners, in which event the twenty-five dollars is divided equally among them.
The material part of the indictment is as follows: "Johnnie Odie did then and there unlawfully take and offer to take and accept and place for A. G. Sparlin a bet and wager of money, to-wit: twenty-five cents of the value of $0.25, on a baseball game, athletic contest and. sports event."
This form of the indictment is approved in .the case of Simmons v. State, supra.
It is contended that the indictment is duplicitous. This is not sustained. We quote from Branch's Ann.Tex.P.C. p. 259, sec. 506:
"Duplicity is the joinder in the same count of two or more separate offenses, or the joinder in the same count of two or mpre phases of .the same offense, where the punishment' is different. To be bad for .duplicity, more than one such offense' or phase must be completely alleged or the incomplete allegations may be rejected as surplusage. Henderson v. State, 2 Tex.App. 88; Hickman v. State, 22 Tex.App. 441, 2 S.W. 640; Hammons v. State, 29 Tex.App. [445] 448, 16 S.W. 99; Johnson v. State [77 Tex.Cr.R. 25], 177 S.W. 490. To be bad for duplicity, it must- appear from the face of the indictment that .two or more separate offenses are charged in the same count. Rumage v. State [Tex.Cr.App.] 55 S.W. 64."
"If the indictment does not in the- same count contain a complete 'description of two offenses, the words applicable to that in- respect to which the charge is incomplete may be rejected as surplusage. Ham- mons v. State, 29 Tex.App. 448, 16 S.W. 99."
"When the punishment is the same, an indictment is not bad for duplicity because it charges in the same count several means of accomplishing the same result. Coney v. State, 2 Tex.App. 62; Moore v. State, 37 Tex.Cr.R. 552, 40 S.W. 287; Burt v. State, 38 Tex.Cr.R. [397] 440, 40 S.W. 1000 [39 L.R.A. 305, 330]; Medina v. State [Tex.Cr.App.] 49 S.W. 380; Reum v. State, 49 Tex.Cr.R. [125] 128, 90 S.W. 1109."
"Where several ways by which an offense may be committed are set forth in the same statute, and they are embraced in the same general definition and are punishable in the same manner and to the same extent, and are not repugnant to each other, they are not distinct offenses but different phases of the same offense, and may be charged conjunctively in the same count. Copping v. State, 7 Tex.App. 61; Gage v. State, 9 Tex.App. 259; Day v. State, 14 Tex.App. [26] 30; Nicholas v. State, 23 Tex.App. [317] 326, 5 S.W. 239; Comer v. State, 26 Tex.App. [509] 512, 10 S.W. 106; Howell v. State, 29 Tex.App. 592, 16 S.W. 533; Laroe v. State, 30 Tex.App. 374, 17 S.W. 934; Willis v. State, 34 Tex.Cr.R. [148] 149, 29 S.W. 787; Tellison v. State, 35 Tex.Cr.R. 388, 33 S.W. 1062; Moore v. State, 37 Tex.Cr.R. 552, 40 S.W. 287; Brown v. State, 38 Tex.Cr.R. 597, 44 S.W. 176; Schirmacker v. State [Tex.Cr.App.] 45 S.W. 802; Prendergast v. State, 41 Tex.Cr.R. 358, 57 S.W. 850; Holman v. State [Tex.Cr.App.] 90 S.W. 174; Reum v. State, 49 Tex.Cr.R. [125] 128, 90 S.W. 1109; Morris v. State, 57 Tex.Cr.R. 163, 121 S.W. 1112; Cabiness v. State [66 Tex.Cr.R. 409] 146 S.W. 934; Stevens v. State [68 Tex.Cr.R. 282] 150 S.W. 944; Walker v. State, [68 Tex. Cr.R. 315] 151 S.W. 318; Goodwin v. State [70-Tex.Cr.R. 600] 158 S.W. 274; Stevens v. State [70 Tex.Cr.R. 565] 159 S.W. 505; Johnson v. State [75 Tex.Cr.R. 177] 171 S.W. [211] 212."
It is further contended that the indictment should have been quashed because it fails to allege the name of the baseball team. The contrary was held in the Simmons case, supra.
Again, it is. contended that the indictment contains repugnant provisions because it uses' the words, "a baseball game, athletic contest and sports event". This contention is not sustained under the authorities cited in Branch's Ann.Tex.P.C., p. 259, sec. 505, reading as follows: "If any count in an indictment contains inconsistent allegations, both of which cannot be true, and there is no means of ascertaining from the face of the indictment which is meant, the indictment is bad for repugnancy. Cain v. State, 18 Tex. [391] 392; Hardeman v. State, 16 Tex.App. 1 [49 Am.Rep. 821]; Scott v. State, 40 Tex.Cr.R. 105, 48 S.W. 523; Munoz v. State, 40 Tex.Cr.R. 457, 50 S.W. 949; Edgerton v. State [Tex.Cr.App.] 70 S.W. 90; Hickman v. State, 44 Tex.Cr.R. 533, 72 S.W. 587; Davis v. State, 60 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 131 S.W. 315; Hubbert v. State [66 Tex.Cr.R. 370] 147 S. W. 267."
Probably the most difficult question raised in connection with this bill of exception is that the court should have defined "bookmaking". The definition of this word seems to be immaterial. The offense with which he is charged is properly alleged in the indictment and properly described in the court's charge. The conclusion, that it is bookmaking is derived from our own statute regardless of the definitions which may be accepted generally. Taking this view, the court has properly submitted the question.
In defining the word "bet" the court used the following language: "The legal meaning of the term 'bet' is the mutual agreement and tender of a gift of something valuable, which is to belong to one of the contending parties, according to the result of a trial of chance, or skill, or both combined."
Based on Mayo v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 82 S.W. 515, and Melton v. State, 58 Tex.Cr.R. 86, 124 S.W. 910, Words and Phrases, Second Series, Vol. 1, p. 433, defines "bet" as follows: "The legal meaning of the term 'bet' is the mutual agreement and tender of a gift of something valuable, which- is to belong to one of the contending parties, according to the 'result of the trial of chance or skill, or both combined."
. The definition approved by this court, as stated in Words and Phrases, is practically identical with .that given by the court in the case at bar.
The definition of "wager", as given in the court's charge, is as follows : "A wager is a contract by which two or more parties agree that a certain sum of money or other thing shall be paid or delivered to one of them on the happening of an uncertain event."
From Words and Phrases, Second Series, Vol. 4, p. 1217, we copy the following definition: "A wager is a contract by which two or more parties agree that a certain sum of money or other thing shall be paid or delivered to one of them on the happening of an uncertain event."
It is our conclusion that the in-, dictment properly alleges the offense as defined under Art. 652a, sec. 1, and that the evidence amply sustains the verdict of the jury.
The judgment of. the trial court is affirmed.