Case Name: JORDAN v. STATE
Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1922-03-08
Citations: 238 S.W. 231
Docket Number: No. 6723
Parties: JORDAN v. STATE.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Western Reporter
Volume: 238
Pages: 231–232

Head Matter:
JORDAN v. STATE.
(No. 6723.)
(Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
March 8, 1922.)
Criminal law <®=^8I4(I7)— Refusal of charge concerning circumstantial evidence held error.
In a prosecution for embezzlement of money collected by an express agent who afterward deposited to the account of his employer larger sums of money that he was charged with embezzling, where the questions whether he had failed to deposit the particular amount of money depended on direct evidence from books and reports tracing into his possession the money in question, by which amount his account was found short, and if he failed to deposit it, his intention depended, not on direct proof, but on circumstances shown in evidence. A refusal of an instruction on circumstantial evidence was error.
Appeal from District Court, Gillespie County; -J. H. McLean, Judge.
M. W. Jordan was convicted of embezzlement, and he appeals.
Reversed.
L. Old, of Uvalde, for appellant.
R. G. Storey, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.

Opinion:
MORROW, P. J.
Conviction is for embezzlement. Punishment fixed at confinement in the penitentiary for a period of two years.
It is charged that the appellant was an' agent of the American Express Company and embezzled $54.16 of the money belonging to his principal.
The Brunswick-Baeke-Collander Company at Dallas, Tex., shipped by express a C. O. D. package to F. W. Maier, at Fredericksburg, Tex. The evidence showed that the appellant received the package and delivered it to Maier and received the money on the 21st day of December, 1920. He remained in the employ of the company for some 13 days thereafter, during which, at various times, he received for the company, sums of money amounting, in the aggregate, to several hundred dollars. Under the custom of his employment, it was his duty to send to the Brunswick-Baeke-Collander Company an order on the treasurer of the express company at Dallas for the amount, and to deposit in the bank the money that he received from the consignee of the package, together with any other moneys belonging to his principal that he might havé in his possession. It was also his duty to make reports to his employer showing the amount of money received and deposited. The several reports made 'to his employer after, the receipt and delivery of the package made no specific note of the transaction. On the day that he received it, however, he deposited for the company $120, on the next day $180, and on succeeding days amounts in excess of that in question. An audit of his books revealed that he was short in his account with the company the sum of $54.16. Upon these facts the conviction rests.
In a timely and appropriate manner, appellant made objection to the charge of the court for its failure to embrace the law of circumstantial evidence, and requested a charge in accord with this view. In our opinion, the court was in error in refusing to instruct on circumstantial evidence.
The crime consists of the fraudulent appropriation of his employer's funds. On the 21st day of December he received the amount of $54.16. On that date, and each of the succeeding days, during his employment by the company, he made deposits in the bank for the use of the company of various sums of money, exceeding in the aggregate many hundred dollars the amount in question. Whether embraced in his deposits was the $54.16 is in question. In other words, whether he deposited that and withheld other money from the company is a matter not depending upon the direct testimony, but inferred from the circumstances surrounding the whole transaction. Assuming that he failed to deposit the particular money that he received from Maier, his intent in doing so — that is, whether it was his intent to fraudulently misapply — is also to be deduced from the circumstances which were introduced in evidence. The direct evidence before the court traced into appellant's possession, from the books and reports and other data under the scrutiny of the auditor, the amount in question, which was found short in his account. The jury might have drawn from the data the same conclusion that the auditor drew, namely, that the shortage was due to his misappropriation of the $54.16 in question, and that his appropriation of it was fraudulent. These conclusions, however, being inferences drawn from facts proven and not established by direct testimony, classified the case as one depending wholly upon circumstantial evidence. A state of- facts quite similar wa§ involved in the case of Miller v. State, S8 Tex. Cfr. R. 69, 225 S. W. 379, 12 A. L. R. 597, and the ruling and reasons controlling the disposition of that case are applicable to this one.
In refusing to charge on the law of circumstantial evidence, the learned trial judge fell into error which requires a reversal of the judgment.
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