Case Name: THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. RONALD RAY UNGRAD, Defendant and Appellant
Court: Supreme Court of California
Jurisdiction: California
Decision Date: 1971-03-24
Citations: 4 Cal. 3d 420
Docket Number: Crim. No. 14236
Parties: THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. RONALD RAY UNGRAD, Defendant and Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: California Reports
Volume: 4
Pages: 420–422

Head Matter:
[Crim. No. 14236.
In Bank.
Mar. 24, 1971.]
THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. RONALD RAY UNGRAD, Defendant and Appellant.
Counsel
Ronald Ray Ungrad, in pro. per., Peter J. Tamases, under appointment by the Supreme Court, and Tamases & Ress for Defendant and Appellant.
Thomas C. Lynch, Attorney General, and Ronald M. George, Deputy Attorney General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.

Opinion:
Opinion
MOSK, J.
Ronald Ray Ungrad and Joseph Melcon (who is not a party to the instant matter) were found guilty by a jury on three counts of kidnaping for the purpose of robbery (Pen. Code, § 209) and three counts of robbery (Pen. Code, § 211). The judgments were affirmed by the Court of Appeal in an unpublished opinion in 1967, and we denied a petition for hearing in 1968. In 1969 Ungrad filed an application with the Court of Appeal for recall of the remittitur, presenting the sole contention that his case should be reconsidered in the light of People v. Daniels (1969) 71 Cal.2d 1119 [80 Cal.Rptr. 897, 459 P.2d 225]. The Court of Appeal denied the application, and we granted a- petition for hearing and transferred the application to this court.
In the course of robbing a man and his wife and daughter in their home, Ungrad and his companion caused them to move to various rooms in search of valuables. These movements were merely incidental to the robberies and did not substantially increase the risk of harm beyond that inherent in the robberies themselves. (Peopled. Daniels (1969) supra, 71 Cal.2d 1119, 1139.)
For the reasons stated in People v. Mulch, ante, p. 389 [93 Cal.Rptr. 721, 482 P.2d 633], Ungrad was therefore convicted of kidnaping to commit robbery under a statute which did not prohibit his acts at the time he committed them, and is entitled to a recall of the remittitur in his appeal and an order vacating the judgment on the kidnaping counts.
The cause is retransferred to the Court of Appeal for the Second Appellate District with directions to recall its remittitur in People v. Melcon & Ungrad, Crim. 12261, arid to issue a new remittitur vacating the judgment as to defendant Ungrad on counts IV, V and VI, and affirming the judgment on counts I, II and III.
Tobriner, Acting C. J., Peters, J., and Kaus, J., concurred.
Assigned by the Acting Chairman of the Judicial Council.