Case Name: HORR v. DETROIT AUTOMOBILE INTER-INSURANCE EXCHANGE
Court: Michigan Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Michigan
Decision Date: 1967-11-06
Citations: 379 Mich. 562
Docket Number: Calendar No. 11, Docket Nos. 51,696, 51,697
Parties: HORR v. DETROIT AUTOMOBILE INTER-INSURANCE EXCHANGE.
Judges: Dethmers, C. J., and Kelly, Black, T. M. Kavanagh, O’Hara, Adams, and Brennan, JJ., concurred.
Reporter: Michigan Reports
Volume: 379
Pages: 562–567

Head Matter:
HORR v. DETROIT AUTOMOBILE INTER-INSURANCE EXCHANGE.
1. Insurance — Other Insurance — Uninsured Motorist Clause— Intention of Parties.
The intent of the contracting parties must be determined by the court in interpreting “other insurance” clauses of uninsured motorist provisions of automobile insurance policies, in case where there is no statutory or decisional law of the State applicable to such clauses.
2. Same — Uninsured Motorist Clause — Other Insurance — Maximum Combined Coverage — Damages.
The word “damages” used in uninsured motorist clause of automobile insurance policy, providing that “the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and sueh other insurance”, means the maximum combined coverage of the 2 insurance policies.
References for Points in Headnotes
[1-6] 7 Am Jur 2d, Automobile Insurance §§ 135-138.
[2-6] 7 Am Jur 2d, Automobile Insurance § § 200, 202.
3. Same — Uninsured Motorist Clause — Other Insurance.
Language in eaeh of 2 insurance policies, under uninsured motorist coverage, dealing with a ease where more than 1 insurance policy may be available to the insured, and providing that “the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance”, must be applied to determine the maximum combined coverage of the policies.
4. Same — Insurance—Uninsured Motorist Clause — Maximum Combined Coverage.
Maximum combined coverage of uninsured motorist clause of 2 automobile insurance policies, each providing that “the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and sueh other insurance”, is $10,000, in case where $10,000 is the stated limit of liability in each policy.
5. Same — Other Insurance — Uninsured Motorist Clause — Combined Coverage — Pro Rata Share.
Language in “other insurance” provision of uninsured motorist clause of automobile liability poliey that the insurer “shall not be liable under this coverage for a greater proportion” of loss than the limit of liability of the policy “bears to the sum of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance” means that the sum of policy limits of applicable policies is taken only to determine eaeh insurer’s pro rata share of maximum combined coverage, and not to determine the maximum combined coverage itself.
6. Same — Other Insurance — Combined Coverage — Pro Rata Share.
Pro rata share of liability of each insurer under other insurance provision in uninsured motorist clause of automobile liability poliey, in case where other insurance is available to insured and the liability limit is $10,000 in each of 2 policies, and eaeh poliey has a provision limiting the maximum liability under all policies to the highest applicable limit, with a further provision that the pro rata share of eaeh insurer shall be determined by the ratio of its poliey limit to the sums of all applicable poliey limits, is $5,000, being 1/2 of the tota] liability of $10,000, for eaeh insurer.
■Appeal from Jackson; Simpson (John), J.
Submitted June 8, 1967.
(Calendar No. 11, Docket Nos. 51,696, 51,697.)
Decided November 6, 1967.
Complaint by Albert J. Horr against Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange, a Michigan corporation, for declaratory judgment construing uninsured motorist policy provision. General Accident Fire &-Life Assurance Corporation, Ltd., a Scottish corporation, added as party defendant on motion of original defendant. Judgment construing policy in'' accordance with plaintiff’s contentions. Defendants appealed to the Court of Appeals, and appeal transferred to Supreme Court by order of the Court.
Reversed and remanded for entry of declaratory judgment in accordance with opinion.
Best & Arnold, for plaintiff.
Ward, Plunkett, Cooney, Rutt & Peacock (William M. Donovan, of counsel), for defendant General Accident Fire & Life Assurance Corporation, Ltd.
Badgley, Domke, McVicker <3 Marcoux, for Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange.

Opinion:
Souris, J.
In 1963 plaintiff's minor son was injured by an automobile driven by an uninsured motorist. Plaintiff filed claims in the son's behalf against the Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange, on a policy issued by it to plaintiff, which covered certain members of plaintiff's family, and against the General Accident Fire & Life Assurance Corporation, Ltd., on a policy issued by it to plaintiff's son. The insurance companies and plaintiff disagreed upon the limits of liability provided by .the policies and plaintiff thereupon started suit in the Jackson county circuit court against the Ex change for a declaratory judgment. Upon;the Exchange's motion in circuit court, General Accident was added as a party defendant. The pleadings of the parties disclosed that the only issue in the cage was the proper interpretation of each policy's uninsured motorist coverage, each policy containing "Other Insurance" clauses.
The circuit judge rendered a declaratory judgment in plaintiff's favor interpreting both of the policies to provide insurance up to their stated limit of liability of $10,000 notwithstanding the existencé of other insurance covering the identical risk and notwithstanding the "Other Insurance" clauses contained in each policy. Appeal was taken by defendants to the Court of Appeals and, pursuant to an order of this Court on January 11, 1967, this appeal and others then pending in the Court of Appeals were transferred here for hearing and decision.
Both policies state the limit of the insurer's liability for all bodily injuries resulting from an accident with an uninsured motorist to be $10,000 for one insured person and $20,000 for two or more insured persons injured in one accident. The "Other Insurance" clause of the Exchange policy reads, in pertinent part, as follows:
"With respect to bodily injury to an insured sustained while occupying an automobile or through being struck by an uninsured automobile, if such insured is a named insured under other similar insurance available to him, then the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance, and the Exchange shall not be liable under this coverage for a greater proportion of the applicable limit of liability of this coverage than such'limit bears to the sum of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance.?' .
The "Other Insurance" clause of the General Accident policy reads, in pertinent part, as follows:
"Except as provided in the foregoing paragraph, if the insured has other similar insurance available to him and applicable to the accident, the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance, and the company shall not be liable for a greater proportion of any loss to which this coverage applies than the limit of liability hereunder bears to the sum of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance."
We find no statutory or decisional law of this State applicable in 1963 to the insurance clauses requiring our interpretation and the parties assert there were none. Consequently, our task is limited to determining the intent of the contracting parties.
It is plaintiff's claim, with which the circuit judge agreed, that each defendant is liable for up to a maximum of $10,000 for his son's injuries, assuming that his son's damages will be assessed at or above $20,000. His reasoning is that the identical language of both policies, "the sum of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance", requires that the $10,000 stated limits of liability of each policy be added to determine that the maximum combined coverage for injuries to one insured person is $20,000 and that each defendant is liable for one-half thereof. The trouble with plaintiff's reliance upon the quoted language is that its context clearly discloses that it was intended to apply only to the determination of each insurer's pro rata share of maximum combined coverage, "the damages" referred to in both policy clauses.
Before that determination can be made, other language identical in both policies, "the damages shall be deemed not to exceed the higher of the applicable limits of liability of this insurance and such other insurance", must be applied to determine the maximum combined coverage of the policies. Giving this language its literal meaning compels the conclusion that the maximum combined coverage of these policies is $10,000, since that sum is the stated limit of liability in both policies.
Having determined the maximum combined coverage of the policies to be $10,000, the language mistakenly relied upon by plaintiff and that which immediately precedes it in each policy then is pertinent to determine what is each insurer's pro rata share of such maximum combined coverage, as- we noted earlier, "the damages" referred to in both policy clauses. The pro rata share of each insurer is that proportion of the maximum combined coverage which is equal to the ratio which each policy's stated limit of liability, $10,000, bears to the sum of the stated limits of liability of all applicable insurance ($10,000 plus $10,000). In this case, then, the maximum combined coverage available to the insured is $10,000 and each of the insurers would be liable pro rata for one-half thereof, a maximum liability for each of $5,000.
Reversed and remanded to the circuit court for entry of a declaratory judgment in accordance with this opinion. Defendants may tax their costs.
Dethmers, C. J., and Kelly, Black, T. M. Kavanagh, O'Hara, Adams, and Brennan, JJ., concurred.