Case Name: Harriet Hoffman, Respondent, v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1910-12-30
Citations: 141 A.D. 713
Docket Number: 
Parties: Harriet Hoffman, Respondent, v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 141
Pages: 713–716

Head Matter:
Harriet Hoffman, Respondent, v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, Appellant.
Second Department,
December 30, 1910.
Insurance — fraudulent statements of insured —treatment for disease — evidence — identity — presumption.
There can be no recovery upon a policy of life insurance where the insured made a written statement to the effect that he had notbeen attended by any physician within three years and had never been under treatment in any hospital if, as a matter of fact; he had received medical treatment in a hospital for a month and left the institution only seven days before making the written statement.
Evidence as to identity of the insured with the person who was treated in the hospital examined, and held, that the identification was full'and complete.
The fact that the name of the insured was Henry G. Harris, and that of the person treated in the hospital was Henry Harris, standing alone raises a presumption of identity of person.
Appeal by the defendant, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, from a judgment of the Municipal Court' of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in favor of the plaintiff, rendered on the 28th day of April, 1910.
James G. Purdy, for the appellant.
Emanuel Jacobus [Henry Marx with him on the brief], for the ■ respondent.

Opinion:
Burr, J.:
Henry G. Harris died July 27, 1907.. In January of the same year defendant issued its policy by which it agreed, subject to the conditions therein specified, to .pay to plaintiff the sum of $207 upon receipt of proofs.of his death. A previous judgment in favor of plaintiff was reversed for failure to show that these were fur- nislied in accordance with the terms of the policy, and particularly because the paper which was furnished as proof of death was incomplete, and evidence offered by defendant tending to make the same complete was erroneously- excluded. - Upon such paper, in answer to the question " Cause of death," was written the words " See transcript." We held that defendant should have been permitted to offer in evidence " a Transcript from the Records of the ' Deaths Reported to the Department of Health of The City of New York," relating to the death of Henry Harris. From this it appeared that the cause of Harris' death was " Alcoholism, Chronic Brights," and that a coroner's inquest had been held. The original complaint alleged that plaintiff and the insured had performed all of the " covenants and conditions on -his1 and her part in said' contract or policy to be performed," and we also held that "in order to make the proofs complete it -was the duty of the plaintiff under - the express provision of the policy to furnish to the defendant the record, evidence and verdict of the said coroner's inquest, and until that was done proofs of death in accordance with the terms of the contract, and which were a necessary condition precedent to the right to recover upon the policy, had not' been furnished." (Hoffman v. Met. Life Ins. Co., 135 App. Div. 739.) After that decision plaintiff moved to amend the complaint, alleging waiver instead of full performance. ' The complaint as finally amended alleged waiver by defendant of verification by plaintiff of the proofs of death, . and also- waiver of presentation of record of " coroners evidence (sic) held." ' Upon a new trial, after such amendment, plaintiff has again recovered. The judgment in her favor must be reversed. Without discussing the question whether- the waiver alleged was established by a fair preponderance of evidence, we think that upon the undisputed testimony there was fraudulent conduct upon the part of the insured which precludes recovery upon the, policy. In connection with the application for insurance Harris made to the agent of defendant a written statement, over his signature, to the effect that he had not been attended by any physician within three years, and that he had never been under treatment in any hospital The accuracy of these statements was of great importance, since if the answer to these and similar questions indicated freedom from disease, in the case of policies of this character a medical examination of the applicant was dispensed with. The evidence conclusively establishes that these statements on the part of the applicant were false, must have been known to him to be false, and were fraudulently made. It appears that he was admitted to the J. Hood Wright Hospital in the city of New1 York on November 23, 1906, and remained there until December 21,1906, seven days before the statements above referred to were made. While there, according to the testimony of the attending physician, he was necessarily treated twice a day. Testimony of such physician as to the nature of his disease was excluded on plaintiff's objection that such testimony was incompetent under section 834 of the Code of Civil Procedure. From the hospital record, which was afterwards admitted without objection, it appeared that he was suffering from nephritis, which was proved to be a general term for disease of the kidneys, of which Bright's disease is a form. Plaintiff sought to escape the consequences of this evidence by claiming that there was failure to identify the Henry Harris who was treated at the hospital with the Henry G-. Harris who was insured. The identification is. full and complete. The identity of name would raise a presumption of identity of person. (Hoffman v. Met. Life Ins. Co., supra.) In addition, the certificate of death gives his residence as 49 West One Hundred and Fortieth street. The hospital record gives the same address. The application for insurance and the death certificate give his age as thirty-one years, and state that he was a single man. The hospital record is to the same effect. The application for insurance and the hospital record alike give his occupation as that -of clerk. The hospital record gave as the address of a friend to be notified in case of need, John Hoffman, residence, Williamsburg. Plaintiff w#s Harris' sister, and her husband's name was John Hoffman, and he resided at 236 Lee avenue, Williamsburg. It also appeared from a subsequent hospital record that Henry Harris, giving the same age, place of residence and friend's name as the former Henry Harris, (but who then stated that the residence of such friend was at 236 Lee avenue), was admitted to the same hospital. in February, 1907, suffering from acute alcoholism. That record gave his occupation as laborer, which corresponds with the occupation given in the death certificate, and would indicate that between December, 1906) and February, 1907, he had changed f romhis former occupation as cleric. Substantial identity between the disease for which the hospital record shows- that he was treated, and the disease which, the. death certificate states to be the cause thereof, is another circumstance to be considered. With so many 'points of similarity, it is an insult to intelligence to contend that identity of person, has not been established. Plaintiff's position 'in the course of the trial involves an inconsistency. If the Henry Harris .who was in the hospital is not the same Henry Harris who was insured, her objection to the testimony of' the physician as to the nature of his disease upon the ground specified was not well taken. Plaintiff was. called in .rebuttal, and, in attempting to overcome this overwhelming evidence, testified that during the period above specified she " didn't think" that Harris was away from her .house more than a week at a time. But her testimony was weak and uncertain, and on cross-examination she admitted that she did not know whether he was then in the hospital-or not. Another witness, an aunt of the insured, was called, but her testimony was of no value, since it related to the six months intervening between January 1,1907, and the date of his death. Plaintiff having testified that she was present when her brother signed the application for insurance, also said that she did not hear any question addressed to him as to whether he had ever been in a hospital.- Negative testimony of such a character is of little weight as against positive testimony relating to the' existence of a fact. In addition, plaintiff would not state positively that she heard all of the. questions addressed to her brother.
The judgment of the Municipal Court appealed from must be reversed and a new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.
Hieschbekg, P. J., Woodwabd, Jenks and Bich, JJ!, concurred..
judgment of the Municipal Court reversed and.new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.