Case Name: Jacob Moss vs. Grove Hall Savings Bank
Court: Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
Jurisdiction: Massachusetts
Decision Date: 1935-04-30
Citations: 290 Mass. 520
Docket Number: 
Parties: Jacob Moss vs. Grove Hall Savings Bank.
Judges: 
Reporter: Massachusetts Reports
Volume: 290
Pages: 520–524

Head Matter:
Jacob Moss vs. Grove Hall Savings Bank.
Suffolk.
April 3, 1935.
April 30, 1935.
Present: Rugg, C.J., Crosby, Pierce, Lummus, & Qua, JJ.
A. M. Ginzberg, for the defendant.
B. Goldman, for the plaintiff.

Opinion:
Qua, J.
The judge has found for the plaintiff on the third count of his declaration, which alleges negligence of the defendant in permitting water pipes to freeze in the upper portion of a building, whereby on January 27, 1932, water leaked into the ground floor occupied by the plaintiff and damaged the plaintiff's stock of tobacco. The question raised by the appeal is whether there was error in denying the rulings requested by the defendant.
Request numbered 1 was properly denied, because not in conformity with Rule 28 of the Municipal Court of the City of Boston (1932). Holton v. American Pastry Products Corp. 274 Mass. 268.
Requests numbered 2 and 3 could not have been granted, even if they had been properly phrased as requests for rulings of law. See Castano v. Leone, 278 Mass. 429, 430. There was evidence that on January 8, while the plaintiff was an occupant of the store on the street floor, the defendant took possession of the premises for the purpose of foreclosing a mortgage which it held thereon; that on the same day a foreclosure sale took place, at which the defendant was the purchaser, the mortgagee's deed being delivered February 5; that in the early part of January the plaintiff received notice from the defendant that it had taken possession for the purpose of foreclosing its mortgage and that all rents were to be paid to the defendant thereafter; that on or about January 8, the president of the defendant told the plaintiff that the defendant had taken possession and had purchased the property, and that rents were to be paid to the bank; that the plaintiff said he would pay to the bank; that on February 1, the president called for the rent, and the plaintiff refused to pay him a,nd showed him the damaged tobacco; and that when the plaintiff discovered the leak, he telephoned to someone at the bank, and shortly thereafter a man came to make repairs.
This evidence would support a finding that before the damage was done the defendant had taken possession as mortgagee, and that the plaintiff had attorned to the defendant and had become the defendant's tenant. Stone v. Patterson, 19 Pick. 476. Welch v. Adams, 1 Met. 494. Adams v. Bigelow, 128 Mass. 365. Knowles v. Maynard, 13 Met. 352. Lucier v. Marsales, 133 Mass. 454. Winnisimmet Trust, Inc. v. Libby, 234 Mass. 407. Winnisimmet Trust, Inc. v. Libby, 247 Mass. 560. International Paper Co. v. Priscilla Co. 281 Mass. 22, 29. There is nothing to the contrary in Goldsmith v. Rides, 272 Mass. 391.
The judge was not obliged to believe the testimony tending to show that the defendant never had actual possession and control of the premises, but that one Freeman had been in possession since January 8 under an agreement to buy the property from the bank. See Maionica v. Piscopo, 217 Mass. 324. Or he could find that Freeman was acting as the agent of the bank, at least until he should receive a deed. The writings of January 6 and January 25 would not be inconsistent with that theory.
Requests numbered 4 and 5 were rightly denied. While it does not appear affirmatively how long the upper apartment had been unoccupied, the language of the report as we construe it shows that there was evidence to the effect that it had been so at least for the "few days before the accident," while the weather was "cold and freezing." At any rate, there is nothing to show affirmatively that this upper apartment was in the possession of any tenant or occupant to the exclusion of the defendant at any time after the defendant entered upon the premises. In the absence of such evidence, the judge could infer that the defendant's possession and control as mortgagee of the premises in general included this apartment on the same principle on which control may be inferred from ownership. Yorra v. Lynch, 226 Mass. 153, 155. See Ainsworth v. Lakin, 180 Mass. 397; Curry v. Dorr, 210 Mass. 430, 431.
The law applicable to common passageways has no place here. Yorra v. Lynch, 226 Mass. 153. The judge could find that the defendant owed the plaintiff the same duty of due care which one landowner owes to an adjoining proprietor (Priest v. Nichols, 116 Mass. 401) and that it negligently failed in the performance of that duty. Grasselli Dyestuff Corp. v. John Campbell & Co. 259 Mass. 103. Brindis v. Haverhill Morris Plan Co. 266 Mass. 303.
No inference should be drawn that because we have discussed the defendant's requests in detail, we regard them as necessarily applicable to all views which the trial judge could have taken of the evidence.
Order of Appellate Division affirmed.