Case Name: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Emelda SMITH, Appellant
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 1970-05-06
Citations: 427 F.2d 1164
Docket Number: No. 25031
Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Emelda SMITH, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Federal Reporter 2d Series
Volume: 427
Pages: 1164–1165

Head Matter:
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Emelda SMITH, Appellant.
No. 25031.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
May 6, 1970.
Rehearing Denied June 8, 1970.
Howard R. Lonergan (argued), Portland, Or., for appellant.
Sidney I. Lezak (argued), U. S. Atty., Portland, Or., for appellee.
Before CHAMBERS and WRIGHT, Circuit Judges, and BOLDT, District Judge.
The Honorable George H. Boldt, Western District of Washington.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM:
The judgment appealed from is affirmed.
On the point of failure of proof, whatever shortage of direct evidence there is, sufficient circumstantial evidence is found to give the necessary inferences and to find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Also, disbelief by the jury of defendant's testimony would here present some damaging affirmative inferences.
The decision in Turner v. United States, 396 U.S. 398, 90 S.Ct. 642, 24 L.Ed.2d 610 (1970), vitiates in this heroin case defendant's point on the application of Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6, 89 S.Ct. 1532, 23 L.Ed.2d 57 (1969).
The trial court gave an instruction on aiding and abetting to which objection was made. We are inclined to believe that the instruction was not inappropriate, but if it was not required, we would consider it really harmless.