Case Name: In the Matter of the Application of Nicholas J. Powers, Appellant, for a Writ of Mandamus to Be Directed to Hans Dahl, as County Clerk of Rensselaer County, Respondent
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1916-06-30
Citations: 173 A.D. 501
Docket Number: 
Parties: In the Matter of the Application of Nicholas J. Powers, Appellant, for a Writ of Mandamus to Be Directed to Hans Dahl, as County Clerk of Rensselaer County, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 173
Pages: 501–505

Head Matter:
In the Matter of the Application of Nicholas J. Powers, Appellant, for a Writ of Mandamus to Be Directed to Hans Dahl, as County Clerk of Rensselaer County, Respondent.
Third Department,
June 30, 1916.
Public officers — clerk of Rensselaer county — powers of, under Laws of 1915, chapter 244 — custodian of records appointed under earlier statutes — Civil Service Law, § 22.
The statute making the office of county clerk of Rensselaer county a salaried office (Laws of 1915, chap. 244), and providing that the clerk “next elected and thereafter to be elected shall receive * * * an annual salary; ” that it shall be his duty to perform all services which he is required or authorized by law to perform; that he shall give a bond to “ well and faithfully discharge all the duties of his office; ” that there shall be one deputy, and that the board of supervisors shall have power to designate the number of special deputies and assistants and that the county clerk shall be responsible for then- official acts, and repealing all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with said statute of 1915, is inconsistent with and repeals chapter 212 of the Laws of 1896, as amended by chapter 87 of the Laws of 1907, which provided that said county clerk should appoint a custodian, who, subject to the direction of said clerk, should have the immediate care and charge of all papers and instruments on file in said office, at an annual salary, and the position of one appointed custodian under the earlier statutes ceased upon the enactment of the later statute.
After the enactment of chapter 244 of the Laws of 1915, an appointee to the position of custodian under the earlier statute was not within the protection of section 32 of the Civil Service Law, as a Spanish war veteran.
Kellogg, P. J., and Cochrane, J., dissented, the latter with opinion.
Appeal by Nicholas J. Powers from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the Albany Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Rensselaer on the 31st day of March, 1916, denying his motion for a peremptory writ of mandamus.
Edward L. Nugent [Michael D. Nolan of counsel], for the appellant.
Herbert F. Roy, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Woodward, J.:
Nicholas J. Powers, claiming to be a veteran of the Spanish-American War, moved this court, at Special Term in Albany county, for a peremptory writ of mandamus directed to Hans Dahl, clerk of Rensselaer county, commanding the latter to reinstate the said Nicholas J. Powers in the office of custodian of records in the office of the clerk of Rensselaer county, this being an office created by chapter 212 of the Laws of 1896, as amended by chapter 87 of the Laws of 1907. Both of these acts were local acts, confined in their operation to Rensselaer county, and provided that it should be " the duty of the clerk of Rensselaer county to appoint a proper custodian who shall have the immediate care and charge, subject to the directions of the clerk, of all court papers, judgment rolls, and other papers and instruments on file in his office, and who shall receive from the county of Rensselaer, in addition to any compensation to be paid to him by said county clerk, a salary of one thousand dollars per annum; and who shall, in addition to the duties hereinafter enumerated, perform such' other duties for the clerk as shall be prescribed by him." The effect of this enactment was to superimpose upon the office of clerk of Rensselaer county the duty of appointing a special custodian of the documents and papers on file in the office of the county clerk. The office of county clerk was, at that time, paid by fees, but this custodian was provided a salary, and, subject to the directions of the clerk, took over an important portion of the duties which belong naturally to the county clerk. While the act did not entirely take the control of court papers, judgment rolls and other papers and instruments on file in his office from the county clerk, it specially required the custodian to have charge of them, and the act was evidently intended to remedy some local condition in the first instance, and was continued because of the usual tendency to create offices and continue them in being rather than to change them. The scheme was, however, incongruous, and in 1915 the Legislature enacted chapter 244 of the Laws of that year, entitled " An act to make the office of county clerk of Rensselaer county a salaried office, regulating the management of said office, and providing penalties for violations." This act, after providing (§ 1) that the clerk "next elected and thereafter to be elected shall receive as compensation for his services an annual salary of four thousand five hundred dollars," declares (§ 2) that "it shall be the duty of said clerk to perform all services, which he is or shall be required or authorized by law to perform by virtue of or by reason of his holding such office, for the State, for the county, and for individuals, including his duties as clerk of every court of which he is or shall be clerk, and no compensation, payment or allowance shall be made to him for his own use for any such services, except the salary aforesaid."
It is very plain that the Legislature in this enactment " regulating the management of said office " has intended to restore to the county clerk the full duties and obligations of a county clerk and of the duties of a clerk of the courts of record, and this is reinforced by a provision (§ T) that such clerk shall give a bond that he will "well and faithfully discharge all the duties of his office." To enable the clerk to discharge these duties, it is provided (§ 8) that " there shall be one deputy clerk, and the board of supervisors shall have power to designate the number of special deputy clerks, and said county clerk shall appoint such deputy and such number of special deputies as may be designated by said board; also as many assistants as may be authorized by the board of supervisors, and shall be responsible for their official acts; and the salaries of said clerk, deputies and assistants shall be paid in the same manner as the salaries of other county officers are paid. The salary of the deputy clerk shall not exceed eighteen hundred dollars per annum, and the special deputies, designated as hereinbefore provided, shall not exceed twelve hundred dollars per annum, and the board of supervisors may determine the number of assistants and fix their salary or compensation. " This is followed (§ 10) by the provision that " all acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed," and it seems clear that the special acts under which Nicholas J. Powers held the office of custodian were entirely inconsistent with this new enactment, which charged the clerk with all of the duties of the office, and made him responsible for the conduct of his deputies and assistants. The special acts made the custodian responsible for the custody of the records, while the act of 1915 made the clerk responsible for all of the duties of the office, which include, of course, the custody of the records which are by law required to be filed in the office of the clerk of the county or of the clerk of the courts of record.
If we are right in this, then there can be no question that the order appealed from should be affirmed. Mr. Powers held office under the special statutes, and those statutes ceased to have effect upon the election and qualification of the respondent, Hans Dahl, which occurred on the 1st day of January, 1916. Mr. Powers was not removed from an office; the office ceased to exist on the 1st day of .January, 1916, and it was not until the 11th day of January, 1916, that the board of supervisors took the necessary steps to provide for filling the positions of special deputies and assistants, and the mere fact that the board of supervisors, in discharging its duties, chose to name one of the assistants " custodian of records," does not operate to give Mr. Powers any right to this position, for which the county clerk is, by the terms of the statute, to become responsible. (§ 8.) The statute does not now provide for a custodian; it charges the county clerk with all the duties of the office, and then permits the board of supervisors to determine the number of special deputies and assistants to be appointed by him, and the board of supervisors has no control over the duties of these special deputies and assistants, for it is provided that the clerk " shall be responsible for their official acts " (§ 8), and this, of course, gives him the power to determine what duties they shall be called upon to perform. The power to apipoint to these positions having been given by the statute, Hans Dahl could not be compelled- to appoint Mr. Powers, for the power of appointment necessarily involves the elements of discretion and judgment. (People ex rel. Balcom v. Mosher, 163 N. Y. 32.) There can be no question of the right of the Legislature to repeal a statute creating a special position and to charge the county clerk with the duty of performing the full duties of his office, and this having been done, and the prior special statutes, having ceased to exist, there is no such office as that to which Mr. Powers was originally appointed, and he having filled an exempt position under the former county clerk, he can have no right to an appointment under the present county clerk, hold ing office under a different statute, because he served an enlistment in a war.
The order appealed from should be affirmed, with costs.
All concurred, except Kellogg, P. J., and Cochrane, J., who dissented,' the latter in opinion.