Case Name: RUI ZHONG QIU, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2010-03-01
Citations: 367 F. App'x 248
Docket Number: No. 08-2313-ag
Parties: RUI ZHONG QIU, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent.
Judges: PRESENT: ROSEMARY S. POOLER, B.D. PARKER and RICHARD C. WESLEY, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 367
Pages: 248–251

Head Matter:
RUI ZHONG QIU, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent.
No. 08-2313-ag.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
March 1, 2010.
Rui Zhong Qiu, Pro Se.
Tony West, Assistant Attorney General; Linda S. Wernery, Assistant Director; Gerald M. Alexander, Trial Attorney, Office of Immigration Litigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Respondent.
PRESENT: ROSEMARY S. POOLER, B.D. PARKER and RICHARD C. WESLEY, Circuit Judges.
. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 43(c)(2), Attorney General Eric. H. Holder Jr. is automatically substituted for former Attorney General Michael B. Mukasey as respondent in this case.

Opinion:
SUMMARY ORDER
Rui Zhong Qiu, a native and citizen of China, seeks review of an April 15, 2008 order of the BIA affirming the May 25, 2006 decision of Immigration Judge ("IJ") Robert D. Weisel, which denied his application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture ("CAT"). In re Rui Zhong Qiu, No. [ AXXX XXX XXX ] (B.I.A. Apr. 15, 2008), aff'g No. [ AXXX XXX XXX ] (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City May 25, 2006). We assume the parties' familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history in this case.
When the BIA does not expressly "adopt" the IJ's decision, but its brief opinion closely tracks the IJ's reasoning, the Court may consider both the IJ's and the BIA's opinions "for the sake of completeness." Zaman v. Mukasey, 514 F.3d 233, 237 (2d Cir.2008). We review the agency's factual findings under the substantial evidence standard. 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); see also Manzur v. U.S. Dep't of Homeland Sec., 494 F.3d 281, 289 (2d Cir.2007). We review de novo questions of law and the application of law to undisputed fact. See Salimatou Bah v. Mukasey, 529 F.3d 99, 110 (2d Cir.2008).
I. Asylum
Title 8, Section 1158(a)(3) of the United States Code provides that no court shall have jurisdiction to review the agency's finding that an asylum application was untimely under 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(2)(B), or its finding of neither changed nor extraordinary circumstances excusing the untimeliness under 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(2)(D). Notwithstanding that provision, however, this Court retains jurisdiction to review constitutional claims and "questions of law." 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(D). Because Qiu has raised neither a constitutional claim nor a question of law, we lack jurisdiction to review his challenge to the agency's denial of his application for asylum. 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(3). We thus proceed to review Qiu's challenge to the agency's denial of his application for withholding of removal and CAT relief.
II. Withholding of Removal
A. Family Planning
The agency reasonably concluded that Qiu failed to demonstrate his eligibility for withholding of removal to the extent his claim was based on his ex-wife's forced abortion. See Shi Liang Lin v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 494 F.3d 296, 306 (2d Cir.2007) (en banc) (providing that any alleged persecution must be "personally experienced" if it is to form the basis of relief). Qiu has not alleged that he engaged in any form of resistance that would render him eligible for relief. See Matter of S-L-L-, 24 I. & N. Dec. 1, 10 (BIA 2006).
Nor did the agency err by concluding that because Qiu is unmarried, any claim that he would face future persecution on account of possible future violations of the family planning policy would be too speculative to merit relief. See Jian Xing Huang v. INS, 421 F.3d 125, 129 (2d Cir. 2005) (holding that, absent solid support in the record for the petitioner's assertion that he would be subjected to persecution, his fear was "speculative at best").
B. Falun Gong
The agency also reasonably denied Qiu's withholding of removal claim to the extent it was based on his recent involvement with Falun Gong. While the BIA noted that Falun Gong practitioners may face mistreatment in China, it found insufficient evidence in the record upon which to conclude that Qiu was a "dedicated" practitioner who would come to the attention of authorities. We find no error in this regard. See Hongsheng Leng v. Mukasey, 528 F.3d 135, 143 (2d Cir.2008) ("Put simply, to establish a well-founded fear of persecution in the absence of any evidence of past persecution, an alien must make some showing that authorities in his country of nationality are either aware of his activities or likely to become aware of his activities"). Qiu's argument that the agency neglected to consider record evidence detailing the mistreatment of Falun Gong practitioners is unavailing. The BIA did not dispute the existence of such mistreatment; rather, it found that Qiu was not likely to be subjected to persecution because no one in China knew he practiced Falun Gong. In any event, we "presume that [the agency] has taken into account all of the evidence before [it], unless the record compellingly suggests otherwise." Xiao Ji Chen v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 471 F.3d 315, 337 n. 17 (2d Cir.2006).
Therefore, because the agency reasonably found that Qiu failed to demonstrate that it was more likely than not that he would face persecution if returned to China, it reasonably denied his application for withholding of removal. See Manzur, 494 F.3d at 289.
III. CAT Relief
Because Qiu was unable to show the objective likelihood of persecution needed to make out a withholding of removal claim based on either his family planning or Falun Gong claims, he was necessarily unable to meet the higher standard required to succeed on a claim for CAT relief. See Paul v. Gonzales, 444 F.3d 148, 156 (2d Cir.2006); Kyaw Zwar Tun v. INS, 445 F.3d 554, 567 (2d Cir. 2006). To the extent Qiu's CAT claim was based on his alleged illegal departure, it is well-settled that the agency does not err in finding that a petitioner is not "entitled to CAT protection based solely on the fact that (he is part of the large class of persons who have illegally departed China." See Mu Xiang Lin v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 432 F.3d 156, 160 (2d Cir.2005). Even assuming that Qiu left China illegally, the agency did not err in finding that he failed to provide the type of particularized evidence necessary to demonstrate eligibility for CAT relief. See id.
For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is DENIED, in part, and DISMISSED, in part. As we have completed our review, the pending motion for a stay of removal in this petition is DISMISSED as moot.