Case Name: Hills vs. Miles
Court: Wisconsin Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Wisconsin
Decision Date: 1861-05-15
Citations: 13 Wis. 625
Docket Number: 
Parties: Hills vs. Miles.
Judges: 
Reporter: Wisconsin Reports
Volume: 13
Pages: 625–629

Head Matter:
Hills vs. Miles.
Where, in an action before a justice of the peace for the recovery of personal property, the notice of appeal served on the jnstice described the judgment as being for the value of the property as found by the jury, when in fact the technical form of the judgment was for nominal damages and costs, an order being entered for the delivery of the property, the notice being otherwise sufficiently descriptive of the judgment to designate it with certainty, such inaccuracy does not defeat the appeal.
If the return of the justice on appeal fails to show that the notice was served on him, the proper way to show that fact is to procure a further return.
where a motion to dismiss the appeal was made for that, among other reasons, and the appellant asked leave to procure a further return or show by affidavit that the notice was served, and the circuit court decided that it might be shown by affidavit, to which the party moving took no exception, and then waived the affidavit, he cannot rely upon this objection in the supreme court, to sustain the dismissal of the appeal, it having been dismissed on other grounds.
The principle that parties cannot confer jurisdiction by consent, does not prevent a party, where the court has jurisdiction of the subject matter, from admitting irregular proof of a fact showing that the particular case is properly before it.
ERROR to tbe Circuit Court for Dodge County.
Tbe case is stated, in tbe opinion of tbe court.
Harlow Pease, for plaintiff in error,
argued that it must affirmatively appear from tbe record, that tbe judgment appealed from is tbe identical judgment returned by tbe justice, and that tbe notice of appeal must show this. If it does not, tbe defect is fatal. Jewett vs. Monroe, 3 "Wend., 426; Ex parte Weed, 5 Cow., 286; Ex parte Alvord, 6 id., 585 ; Ex parte Brown, 7 id., 468. Tbe right to an appeal depends upon a strict compliance witb tbe requirements of tbe statute, which are imperative, not merely directory. 2 Chand., 94; 4 id., 32 ; 2 Wis., 123 ; 5 Wend., 136; 9 Cow., 227; 6 How. (U. S.), 113; 4 Wend., 203; 2 Corns., 464. A defect in tbe return of tbe justice can be supplied only by an amended return, under a rule of tbe court. Proof aliunde is not admissible. 1 Wis., 444; Bawson vs. Adams, 17 John., 130. Failure to comply witb tbe requirements of tbe statute for taking the appeal, is a jurisdictional defect, and may be urged in this court. Jurisdiction cannot be given to tbe appellate court by consent or a waiver of tbe defect. 9 Cow., 227; 3 Wis., 640; 6 id., 159.
Dili, Barber & Fribert, contra.
Tbe general doctrine is, that where a notice is required by law, it will bé good if it does not mislead. 3 Caines’ R., 133, note a; Doe vs. Boe, 4 Esp. R., 185; Batten vs. Harrison, 3 Bos. & Pul., 1; 6 Wis., 448 ; 1 Bur. Pr., 214 and 346; 11 Wend., 178; 4 Cow., 60. A notice of appeal performs no higher function than a notice of trial, and the same principles should apply to both. Pro ceedings injustice’s courts are liberally construed, and appeals favored. 4 Wis., 223.
May 15.

Opinion:
By the Court,
PAINE, J.
This action was commenced before a justice of the peace, where the plaintiff recovered judgment, and the defendant appealed to the circuit court. In that court the plaintiff's counsel moved to dismiss the appeal, and the motion was granted on the ground that the notice of appeal served on the justice did not correctly describe the judgment appealed from.
The action was to recover the possession of personal property. The jury found that the plaintiff was entitled to the possession, the value at $97 55, and nominal damages for the detention. The" judgment was entered for the damages and costs, amounting to $17 75, and an order that the property be delivered to the plaintiff. The notice of appeal described the judgment as being for $97 55, and $17 69 costs. The error consisted in describing the judgment as being for the value of the property as found by the jury.
W e are of the opinion that noticed of this character should not be so strictly construed as to defeat the appeal for such an inaccuracy. The statute does not prescribe what the notice shall contain. Its object is to inform the justice that an appeal is taken, and in what suit. , And if it is sufficiently accurate to accomplish that purpose, a mere inaccuracy in some particular ought not to invalidate it. This is the general rule in regard to notices, and we think it applicable to these. 11 Wend., 178; 4 Cow., 60; 6 Wis., 448.
It is true, that the giving of the notice of appeal is essential to the jurisdiction- of the appellate court. And perhaps it should be held, after rejecting any inaccuracies of description, that the notice should still contain enough on its face to be applicable to the judgment appealed from. We think this notice complies with that rule.; It describes accurately the date of the judgment, the names of the parties, the amount of costs, and the exact value of the property in controversy, as found by the jury. The error consisted only in describing the j udgment as being for this amount. But even this is more an error of form than of substance. Eor this court bas beld that, in substance, it is tbe value of tbe prop-ertj in controversy in sucb actions wbicb determines tbe amount of tbe judgment. McCaffrey vs. Nolan, 1 Wis., 361; Weizen vs. McKinney, 2 id., 288. It was beld in tbe latter case, that tbe order for tbe delivery of tbe property was a part of tbe judgment. And when tbis court bas beld that tbe value of tbe tbe property as found should be regarded as tbe amount of tbe judgment, for tbe purpose of determining tbe right of tbe party to appeal, we think if be, in bis notice of appeal, describes tbe judgment as being for that amount, though not technically so in point of form, still that tbe notice is sufficiently certain to sustain tbe appeal.
Another ground for tbe motion to dismiss was, that it did not appear from tbe return of tbe justice that tbe notice of appeal was ever served. Tbe appellant asked leave in tbe circuit court to obtain a further return or to show by affidavit that tbe notice was served. Tbe court decided that it might be shown by affidavit, and then tbe plaintiff's counsel waived tbe affidavit. He also took no exception to tbe decision that it might be shown by affidavit. We think tbe proper way to have shown tbe fact, would have been to procure a further return. But as no exception was taken, and as the affidavit was waived, the defendant in error is in no position to take advantage of the error here. He claims the right to take advantage of it because it was a jurisdictional question, and consent could not confer jurisdiction. But that principle applies only to jurisdiction over the subject matter. It does not prevent parties, where the court has jurisdiction of the subject matter, from admitting, by consent, irregular proof of such facts as show that tbe particular case is properly before it.
In tbe case of Latham, vs. Edgerton, 9 Cow., 227, the appeal was never perfected as required by law. Tbe court held that the fact that tbe parties appeared and went to trial, did not give the appellate court jurisdiction. But here there was no attempt to dispense with an actual appeal, but the party only consented to irregular proof showing' an appeal properly taken. Tbe case of Dykeman vs. Budd, 3 Wis., 640, only beld that where the circuit court had not, by law, juris diction of appeals, tbe parties could not, by consent, confer it Tbe case of Verbecke, vs. Verbecke, 6 Wis., 159, also that tbe parties could not, by consent, transfer a case from tbe justice to a circuit court, except on tbe condition on which tbe law authorized such transfer. We think there is nothing in any of these cases preventing a party from admitting that a notice of appeal was served on a justice, and thus dispensing with a further return to show that fact.
The judgment is reversed, with costs, and the cause remanded for further proceedings.