Case Name: German LEYBINSKY, Petitioner-Appellant, v. UNITED STATES IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT, Christopher Shanahan, District Director, Respondents-Appellees
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2014-02-10
Citations: 553 F. App'x 108
Docket Number: No. 13-762
Parties: German LEYBINSKY, Petitioner-Appellant, v. UNITED STATES IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT, Christopher Shanahan, District Director, Respondents-Appellees.
Judges: PRESENT: DENNIS JACOBS, RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR. and CHRISTOPHER F. DRONEY, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 553
Pages: 108–110

Head Matter:
German LEYBINSKY, Petitioner-Appellant, v. UNITED STATES IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT, Christopher Shanahan, District Director, Respondents-Appellees.
No. 13-762.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
Feb. 10, 2014.
Georgia J. Hinde, New York, NY, for Appellant.
Patricia L. Buchanan (Emily E. Daugh-try, on the brief), for Preet Bharara, United States Attorney for the Southern Dis- triet of New York, New York, NY, for Appellees.
PRESENT: DENNIS JACOBS, RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR. and CHRISTOPHER F. DRONEY, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
SUMMARY ORDER
German Leybinsky appeals the denial of his petition for a writ of habeas corpus. He argues that, in view of his repeated detentions in contemplation of removal and the past refusals of any countries to issue travel documents, any further civil detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement ("ICE"), absent a showing that his removal is reasonably foreseeable or that he poses a risk of flight or danger to the community, would cumulatively violate the limits on detention imposed by Zadvydas v. Davis, 538 U.S. 678, 121 S.Ct. 2491, 150 L.Ed.2d 658 (2001). We assume the parties' familiarity with the underlying facts, the procedural history, and the issues presented for review.
Our analysis begins — and ends — with whether Leybinsky's petition is moot given his release from ICE custody on August 30, 2010. "Under Article III of the U.S. Constitution, when a case becomes moot, the federal courts lack subject matter jurisdiction over the action." Doyle v. Midland Credit Mgmt., Inc., 722 F.3d 78, 80 (2d Cir.2013) (internal quotation marks and brackets omitted). To avoid mootness, "throughout the litigation, the plaintiff must have suffered, or be threatened with, an actual injury traceable to the defendant and likely to be redressed by a favorable judicial decision." Spencer v. Kemna, 523 U.S. 1, 7, 118 S.Ct. 978, 140 L.Ed.2d 43 (1998) (internal quotation marks omitted).
Following his release from ICE custody, Leybinsky is no longer suffering an "actual injury." Nor has Leybinsky established any "collateral consequences adequate to meet Article Ill's injury-in-fact requirement." Id. at 14, 118 S.Ct. 978. The only consequence Leybinsky fears — future detention — is a consequence of his final order of removal, not of his most recent detention.
The district court ruled that Leybinsky's petition is saved from mootness because the challenged conduct is capable of repetition yet evading review. See Leybinsky v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement, 10 Civ. 5137(RA), 2013 WL 132544, at *5-7 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 8, 2013). "[T]he capable-of-repetition doctrine applies only in exceptional situations." City of Los Angeles v. Lyons, 461 U.S. 95, 109, 103 S.Ct. 1660, 75 L.Ed.2d 675 (1983). "[T]he following two circumstances [must be] simultaneously present: (1) the challenged action is in its duration too short to be fully litigated prior to its cessation or expiration, and (2) there [is] a reasonable expectation that the same complaining party [will] be subjected to the same action again." Lewis v. Cont'l Bank Corp., 494 U.S. 472, 481, 110 S.Ct. 1249, 108 L.Ed.2d 400 (1990) (internal quotation marks and brackets omitted).
Leybinsky has not shown a "reasonable expectation" that he will be subjected to the same action again. In the past, Ley-binsky has been detained pursuant only to 8 C.F.R. § 241.4(0(1), (2)(ii) for violating the conditions of his release, most recently by engaging in criminal conduct. See App. 47 (June 2010 Notice of Revocation of Release states that release is revoked because of a disorderly conduct conviction and bribery charge). Leybinsky is "able— and indeed required by law — to prevent such a possibility from occurring." Spencer, 523 U.S. at 13, 118 S.Ct. 978 (internal quotation marks omitted). It cannot be assumed for this purpose that Leybinsky will continue to violate the terms of his release and become subject to renewed detention.
Other subsections of the regulation do allow ICE to revoke release if, "in the exercise of discretion" and "in the opinion of the revoking official," "[t]he purposes of release have been served" or "[t]he conduct of the alien, or any other circumstance, indicates that release would no longer be appropriate." 8 C.F.R. § 241.4(7 )(2). But regardless of the broad discretionary authority the regulation grants ICE, this particular petitioner has been subject to detention only for specific (and most recently, criminal) violations of the terms of his release. Leybinsky has made no showing that he is in foreseeable danger of arbitrary detention under a different regulatory provision.
We have considered all of Leybinsky's remaining arguments and conclude that they are without merit. The appeal is hereby DISMISSED and the judgment of the district court VACATED AND REMANDED with directions to dismiss the action.