Case Name: BURROW vs. DICKSON
Court: Tennessee Superior Court of Law and Equity
Jurisdiction: Tennessee
Decision Date: 1808-11
Citations: 1 Overt. 366
Docket Number: 
Parties: BURROW vs. DICKSON.
Judges: M'Nairy, j. Ordered the plea to be struck out.
Reporter: Tennessee Reports
Volume: 1
Pages: 366–368

Head Matter:
BURROW vs. DICKSON.
Plea in abatement for a variance between the writ and declaration. The writ did not state the citizenship of the plaintiff nor defendant, but the declaration did, and this was the variance set out in the plea.
A plea in abatement for a variance between the writ and declaration, because the citizenship of the parties is stated only in the latter, is a frivolous plea, and will be struck out on motion.
Overton for the plaintiff moved,
that this plea might be stricken out,as being frivolous. It is not necessary, that the writ should state citizenship, it is sufficient if it be inserted in the declaration The writ makes no part of the record, after the determination of a suit; and if the K. B. Practice is prevail here, as stated in 1 Cra. Rep. XVI. Rule 7, it is unimportant whether there was any original writ in this case or not. In the K. B. if the defendant be in custody of the Marshall on any other account he may be declared against,as being in custody.
1 Tidd. Pr. 403,585 623. 5 T. R. 402. 1 Str. 1232. 1 Com.Dig. by Kyd. 56, D. 7.

Opinion:
The act of congress which erects this court-gives it power to make all necessary rules and orders preparatory to the trial, or determination of the cause,
If a sham plea,or one decidedly frivolous,should arrest the progress of this court, the powers conferred, would be rendered inefficient and as delay is too frequently the object with defendants, six, if not twelve months delay, would arise in almost every case by a reference to the circuit judge. This could never have been the intention of the act ; dispatch was its object, and the court will put such a construction upon it as will avoid a delay of justice, as well as effectuate the design of the legislature. In England, a plea in abatement cannot be put in after a general imparlance, which is equivalent, to a continuance. This plea ought to have been put in at the first rule day, after filing the declaration, otherwise it cannot be done. In the state courts the pleadings are made up in court. Three days are allowed to plead after the declaration filed : And if a defendant omit to plead in abatement within the three days he cannot do it afterwards. This of itself, is sufficient to authorise a rejection of the plea, if it were good,the plea however is manifestly frivolous. There is no variance, the declaration being an amplification of the writ, is not inconsistent, nor does it vary but enlarges it. It is the usual form 1. Guil. Bac. tit courts D. 4 page 105. 6. This authority, expressly states, that in courts of limited jurisdiction as this is,it is not only necessary to state in the declaration, the facts which are necessary to give the court jurisdiction, but to prove them on trial. In this view of the subject, which is believed to be a correct one, a plea in abatement respecting the jurisdiction of the court, never can with propriety obtain,or at least there can be no absolute necessity for it. If the necessary citizenship of the parties should not appear by averment in the declaration, the defendant may demur. But if he should not, the court cannot try the cause, for want of jurisdiction, which must appear from the pleadings ; and if citizenship were alledged, if not proved on the part of the plaintiff,on the trial,or admitted either tacitly, or expressly, the court would always direct the jury to find for the defendant It is sufficient after trial and judgment, if citizenship appear in any part of the record This plea might have been considered, as a mere nullity, and judgment by default taken. But the plaintiff had his election to move the court as he has done.
Whiteside, for defendant.
M'Nairy, j. Ordered the plea to be struck out.
See 3 John 541. 2 Caine's 56. 3 Caine's 97, 129,368. Coleman, C. P.80,416 10 East.237
5 Bac 352,C. Guil Ed. Barnes 345.
1 Bac. Ab. 106. 1 Binn. 142.
2 Cra. 9. 3 Cra. 496. 3 Dall. 382. 4 T. Rep. 520.