Case Name: Donna M. HODGES, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. PHILIP MORRIS USA, INCORPORATED; The Bakery, Confectionery and Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC, Defendants-Appellees
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2004-02-20
Citations: 88 F. App'x 584
Docket Number: No. 03-2224
Parties: Donna M. HODGES, Plaintiff—Appellant, v. PHILIP MORRIS USA, INCORPORATED; The Bakery, Confectionery and Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC, Defendants—Appellees.
Judges: Before MOTZ, SHEDD, and DUNCAN, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 88
Pages: 584–585

Head Matter:
Donna M. HODGES, Plaintiff—Appellant, v. PHILIP MORRIS USA, INCORPORATED; The Bakery, Confectionery and Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC, Defendants—Appellees.
No. 03-2224.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
Submitted Jan. 30, 2004.
Decided Feb. 20, 2004.
Jay J. Levit, Levit, Mann, Halligan & Warren, P.C., Richmond, Virginia, for Appellant. Patricia K. Epps, Michael L. Walton, Hunton & Williams, Richmond, Virginia; James J. Vergara, Jr., Vergara & Associates, Hopewell, Virginia, for Appellees.
Before MOTZ, SHEDD, and DUNCAN, Circuit Judges.
Affirmed by unpublished PER CURIAM opinion.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c).

Opinion:
PER CURIAM.
Donna M. Hodges filed a "hybrid" complaint under § 301(a) of the Labor-Management Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 185(a) (2000) against Phillip Morris USA, Inc. and the Bakery, Confectionary, Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC. Hodges claimed she was discharged by Phillip Morris without just cause in violation of the collective bargaining agreement and the Union breached its duty of fair representation. She appeals the district court's order granting summary judgment to the Defendants. We affirm.
We review a grant of summary judgment de novo. Higgins v. E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., 863 F.2d 1162, 1167 (4th Cir.1988). Summary judgment is appropriate only if there are no genuine issues of material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324-25, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). We must view the factual evidence, and all justifiable inferences drawn therefrom, in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).
As a hybrid complaint under § 301, a cause of action will lie against Phillip Morris only if the Union breached its duty of fair representation. Thompson v. Aluminum Co. of America, 276 F.3d 651, 656 (4th Cir.2002). A union is found to have breached its duty of fair representation if it acted "arbitrarily, discriminatorily or in bad faith." Id. at 657. "The union's conduct must be grossly deficient or in reckless disregard of the member's rights." Ash v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 800 F.2d 409, 411 (4th Cir.1986) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).
We find the Union did not breach its duty of fair representation. Its conduct was not arbitrary. Nor is there any evidence of discrimination or bad faith.
Accordingly, we affirm the district court's order. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process.
AFFIRMED