Case Name: CLARKE ET UX. vs. FIREMEN'S INSURANCE COMPANY
Court: Louisiana Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Louisiana
Decision Date: 1841-05
Citations: 18 La. 431
Docket Number: 
Parties: CLARKE ET UX. vs. FIREMEN'S INSURANCE COMPANY.
Judges: 
Reporter: Louisiana Reports
Volume: 18
Pages: 431–435

Head Matter:
CLARKE ET UX. vs. FIREMEN'S INSURANCE COMPANY.
APPEAR EROS! THE COMMERCIAX COURT OE SOT ORLEANS.
The husband has the power of administering the estate of his wife, whether it he dotal or paraphernal, particularly her moveable property.
As the administrator of his wife’s properly, the husband has such an interest and right therein as authorizes him to insure it even in his own name, without declaring the nature and extent of his interest.
"Where the policy has reference to furniture generally, in a house which is described, without mentioning that part of it was stored in the garret, it is sufficient to authorize a recovery for the loss.
This is an action on a policy of insurance. The plaintiff and wife allege that insurance was effected on a large quantity of furniture, in a house in the city of Lafayette, built, the lower story of brick and the second of wood; said furniture belonging to them, amounting to $1000.
The defendants averred that by the policy, insurance only was effected on the property of J. Calvit Clarke, the husband, and that the furniture alleged to be destroyed was the property of the wife and not covered by the policy; that it was only intended to insure such furniture as was in use in the house, such as beds, tables, &c., which would easily be removed in case of fire ; hut that most of the furniture for which indemnity is claimed was stored in a garret and is not embraced by the description in the policy of insurance.
Upon these pleadings and issues the cause was principally tried.
It was shown by the evidence that Mrs. Clarke had been the keeper of a boarding house in Julia street, but had removed to a small house in Lafayette; and that a portion of the furniture not immediately or constantly used was stored in the garret. The policy was taken out in her husband’s name and the house and furniture fully described. The fire and loss of property was proved within the time of the policy.
The District Judge was of opinion $750 would replace the loss and damage, gave judgment for that sum, from which the defendants appealed.
Roselius Sr Clarke, in propria persona, for the plaintiffs and appellees.
Lockett Sr Mieou, for the defendants.

Opinion:
Simon, J.
delivered the opinion of the court.
Plaintiffs sue for the recovery of the sum of thousand dollars, which is the amount of a policy of insurance. They allege that in consequence of the loss and destruction by fire of a certain quantity of household furniture contained in their dwelling house ; which furniture was covered by the said policy, to the aforesaid amount of $1000, they are entitled to claim indemnity from the underwriters to the full amount of the policy. Defendants plead that the insurance declared on was effected only on the property of J. C. Clarke, and that the loss occurred was ,on the separate property of his wife, which was not insured. That the loss ocurred on pfoperty not embraced in the description of the policy; that an officer was sent to the house containing the property offered for insurance, for the purpose of examining into the situation and value of the said property, and that none of the property for the loss of which indemnity is claimed was shown to the officer. They further aver that the property in question was not required for the ordinary purposes of plaintiffs' family, and was not used by them as household furniture ; that the same was stored in a garret of the house ; that if the same had been shown to their inspector for insurance, a larger premium would have been required; and that when the fire took place, if the furniture had been shown to be in that part of the house, or if notice had been given to the firemen, there was ample time for the removal of the same, and the same would have been removed and saved.
The husband lias the power of administering ^^whetherit ^phernal°r par-tiouiarly her moveable property.
The lower court gave judgment in favor of' the plaintiffs for seven hundred and fifty dollars ; from which judgment the defendants appealed.
The offer or application for insurance signed by J. C. Clarke, says that " insurance is wanted for one year on household furniture, looking glasses, beds, &c., to the amount of one thousand dollars, contained in a house in Lafayette city, on Belle-garde street, built, thé first story of bricks, the second and garret of wood and covered with slate." There is an accidental variance between the offer and the policy with regard to the description of the house ; several witnesses have been heard to establish all the circumstances relative to the fire, the extent and value of the loss and damage, and the situation of the furniture in the different rooms of the house, and particularly in the garret where a certain quantity of it was stored. The evidence shows also that this furniture was occcfasionally used, as it was wanted ; that the house was small and the family very large, in consequence of which, said furniture was taken up stairs, and only brought down when it was to be used, and it is also established that the property which was lost, destroyed or damaged, belonged to Mrs. Clarke, ,who formerly kept a boarding house.
. . The mam ground of defence set up by the underwriters is that the furniture did not belong to Clarke, but was the property of his wife, and that therefore he had not himself any insurable interest in the policy. It is perfectly clear that the husband has " file power of administering the estate of his wife, and par ticularly her moveable property, and to act in his own individual name with regard to the said administration. If the wife's property be dotal, the husband alone has the administration of it, although the wife remains the proprietor thereof; La. Code, art. 2330; and if on the contrary, her estate is pa-raphernal, it is considered to be under the management of the husband, unless it be administered by the wife alone and separately ; Idem, art. 2362; which is not shown to be the case in the present instance. Clarke had therefore such interest and right in the furniture, as necessarily authorized him to insure it, even in his own name, without its being necessary for him to declare the nature and extent of his interest.
As the administrator of his wife's property, the husband has such an interest and right therein as authorizes him to insure it even in his own name without declaring the nature and extent of his interest.
Where the policy has reference to furniture generally, in a ouse which is described, without mentioning that part of it was stored in the garret, it is sufficient to authorize a recovery for the loss.
The next ground is that no information as to the exact situation of the property had been given by the plaintiff, and that the risk was increased by the furniture being stored in a garret from which it'was difficult to remove it. This objection, is, in our opinion, untenable. The policy of insurance was made in reference to the furniture, &c., generally contained in the house in which the plaintiffs resided, without any distinction or exception as to the particular rooms in which said furniture should be kept. The description of the house given in the written application, shows that the underwriters were informed that there was a garret; and although this was not included in that part of the policy in which the house is described, we think it was the duty of the defendants or of their inspector to look into all the matters or circumstances necessary to ascertain the nature of the risk. The garret was a part of the house, to be used by the inmates, as well as any other apartment ; there, they were in the habit of storing the furniture which they did not want for their daily use, and we are unable to see any reason why such furniture should be excepted from the general effect of the policy. If the underwriters were ignorant of this fact, they must attribute it to their own fault or negligence.
On the whole, we think the judge a quo did not er&in giving judgment in favor of the plaintiffs, and in allowing them seven hundred and fifty dollars for the loss and damage by them sustained.
It is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed that the judgment of the Commercial Court be affirmed with costs.