Case Name: HILLOCK v. KIMBALL
Court: Michigan Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Michigan
Decision Date: 1937-11-10
Citations: 282 Mich. 174
Docket Number: Docket No. 46, Calendar No. 39,508
Parties: HILLOCK v. KIMBALL.
Judges: Fead, C. J., and Wiest, Btttzel, Bushnell, SharRe, Potter, and Chandler, JJ., concurred.
Reporter: Michigan Reports
Volume: 282
Pages: 174–179

Head Matter:
HILLOCK v. KIMBALL.
1. Mortgages —• Foreclosure — Decree —■ Commissioner’s Deed — Ambiguity — Cloud on Title.
Decree in foreclosure proceedings and commissioner’s deed held, ambiguous as drawn and to constitute a cloud on title of land not covered by mortgage which admittedly covered the north half of a farm, consisting of a quarter section of land and a strip 20 rods wide off the north side of the quarter section next south and extending easterly, and which mortgage did not cover the north half of the 20-rod parcel.
2. Judgment — Bes Judicata — Foreclosure—Bemoval op Cloud on Title.
Issues adjudicated in foreclosure suit, including question as to description of land covered by decree of foreclosure and commissioner’s deed, raised therein by mortgagor plaintiff in suit to restrain mortgagee from obtaining possession, to have foreclosure proceedings, decree and deed held void and to remove cloud on title alleged to have resulted from foreclosure proceedings, held, res judicata of such question in present suit.
3. Quieting Title — Bemoval op Cloud a Matter op Public Importance.
It is a matter of public importance that title to lands be kept eleai- of cloud.
4. Appeal and Error — Chancery Cases Heard De Novo — Quieting Title.
Supreme Court hears chancery eases de novo and has power to enter sueh a decree as is equitable in view of the issues presented, thereby establishing of record the rights of the respective parties in suit to quiet title to land.
5. Same — Bes Judicata — Quieting Title.
Notwithstanding question as to existence of cloud upon title to land, alleged to have resulted from foreclosure proceedings under mortgage admittedly not covering land in dispute, was adjudicated in such foreclosure proceedings, deeree confirming foreclosure proceedings but clearing title from any cloud on land not covered by mortgage is ordered taken in Supreme Court.
6. Costs — Quieting Title — Sustaining Contention in Part.
No costs are awarded either party on appeal in suit to restrain mortgagee from taking possession, to declare foreclosure proceedings, decree and commissioner’s deed void, and to remove cloud from title where plaintiffs were granted relief by way of removal of alleged cloud only.
Appeal from St. Clair; Robertson ("William), J.
Submitted October 6, 1937.
(Docket No. 46, Calendar No. 39,508.)
Decided November 10, 1937.
Bill by Levi Hillock and wife against Harvey L. Kimball and wife to declare a chancery foreclosure void, for an injunction, to quiet title and for other relief. Bill dismissed. Plaintiffs appeal.
Modified and affirmed.
Cornelius J. Sullivan, for plaintiffs.
Frank R. Schell, for defendants.

Opinion:
North, J.
This is an appeal by plaintiffs from an order of the circuit judge granting defendants' motion to dismiss plaintiffs' bill of complaint. The following facts appear from the face of the bill.
Levi Hillock filed a bill of complaint in the circuit court of St. Clair county in chancery in April, 1932, against Harvey L. Kimball. We are not concerned with the details of that suit except to note that Mr. Kimball filed an answer and also a cross-bill. By this cross-bill, wherein both Mr. and Mrs. Hillock were made defendants, Mr. Kimball sought foreclosure of a real estate mortgage given to him by Mr. and Mrs. Hillock and covering the north half of the 197-acre Hillock farm located in Burtchville township, St. Clair county, Michigan. The Hillocks answered the cross-bill and denied that the cross-plaintiff was entitled to relief sought, such denial being on the ground that the mortgage was procured through fraud .and without consideration. After hearing in open court a decree of foreclosure was granted. Commissioner's sale followed at which the mortgaged premises were purchased by the mortgagee, a commissioner's deed issued and sale confirmed. After the period of redemption expired Mr. Kimball instituted proceedings by which he sought to obtain possession. By their present bill of complaint plaintiffs seek to restrain the defendants from obtaining possession of the mortgaged premises; to have the foreclosure of the mortgage, the commissioner's sale, and the deficiency de cree lield void; and further to have an alleged clond upon the title removed from lands owned by plaintiffs but not included in the mortgage, which cloud is alleged to have resulted from the foreclosure proceedings.
On motion of defendants the bill of complaint was dismissed. Several reasons are alleged in support of defendants' motion, among them is that nothing appears on the face of the bill of complaint which gives the court jurisdiction to grant any of the relief sought, but instead that it is a collateral attack upon the decree entered in the foreclosure case and that the decree therein is res judicata of plaintiffs ' present suit.
Both parties agree that the mortgage hereinbefore mentioned was intended to cover and did cover the north half of the Hillock farm. Plaintiffs claim in the instant suit that the foreclosure decree includes a portion of the Hillock farm not covered by the mortgage. On the other hand defendants assert that the description in the commissioner's deed was intended to and does cover the same premises described in the mortgage, and that it does not cover any other portion of the Hillock farm.
It would serve no purpose to include herein a detail of descriptions. It is sufficient to note that the Hillock farm includes the northeast quarter of section six of the township and also a strip of land 20 rods wide off from the northerly side of the southeast quarter of section six and extending somewhat easterly into section five. Plaintiffs claim that as drawn the decree of foreclosure and the commissioner's deed cover the north half of the northeast quarter and as a separate parcel the north half of the 20-rod strip. Notwithstanding defendants make no such contention and insist that the decree and commissioner's deed cover the same land that the mortgage did, namely the north half of the Hillock farm; still it must be admitted that the description used in the decree and in the commissioner's deed is somewhat ambiguous, and we think it constitutes a cloud upon the northerly half of the 20-rod strip, this land not being included in the mortgage. The whole matter could have been easily cleared of record if the defendants at the time of making their motion to dismiss the bill of complaint had tendered to plaintiffs a quitclaim deed of the north half of the 20-rod strip. Unfortunately this was not done.
At the outset we are confronted with appellees' contention that the whole matter became res judicata in the foreclosure suit which preceded the instant case. It appears from the record before us that at the time the matter of confirmation of the mortgage sale was brought before the court in the foreclosure suit, these plaintiffs appeared and objected to confirmation on the ground that the decree entered in that case and the proceedings incident to the sale by the commissioner included the description of lands not covered by the mortgage. This was the same contention plaintiffs are making in the instant case. After withholding decision for some time the circuit judge confirmed the foreclosure sale. The only fair inference from the record is that the circuit judge confirmed the sale on the ground that the description in the foreclosure decree and in the commissioner's deed was that of the north half of the Hillock farm. Plaintiffs in the instant case quote in their bill of complaint from the finding of the circuit judge in the foreclosure proceedings wherein he refers to the real estate mortgage as one "covering the north half of the 193 (sometimes stated as 197) acres west of Gratiot Road (Huron Shore Pike)." In other words, upon hearing on the objections to confirmation of the sale, while this record does not contain any finding which the circuit judge may have made, the only fair inference is that he held the foreclosed mortgage and the commissioner's deed cover the north half of the farm, and do not include the north half of the 20-rod strip at the extreme southerly side of the farm. The Hillocks did not appeal from such determination in the foreclosure suit. By reason of the issues adjudicated in the foreclosure suit this question which plaintiffs now seek to have passed upon became res judicata. It was squarely presented to the court which had jurisdiction both of the parties and of the subject matter of the suit and no appeal was taken from that court's determination that neither the foreclosed mortgage nor the commissioner's deed included any portion of the 20-rod strip.
Notwithstanding our holding just above indicated, we think it is a matter of public importance that the title to lands should be kept clear of cloud. This court hears chancery cases de novo and has power to enter such a decree as is equitable in view of the issues presented, thereby establishing of record the rights of the respective parties in a ease of this character. In order that such a result may be accomplished a decree may be taken in this court confirming the foreclosure proceeding's in the circuit court hut containing such further recitals as will remove any cloud from the title of the north half of the 20-rod strip of which plaintiffs complain and which may have resulted from the somewhat ambiguous description contained in the foreclosure decree and the commissioner's deed. Because of the character of this appeal and the disposition made thereof, no costs will he awarded.
Fead, C. J., and Wiest, Btttzel, Bushnell, SharRe, Potter, and Chandler, JJ., concurred.