Case Name: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Jose Ernesto ABARCA-AYALA, Defendant-Appellant
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2007-06-06
Citations: 230 F. App'x 413
Docket Number: No. 06-50813
Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Jose Ernesto ABARCA-AYALA, Defendant-Appellant.
Judges: Before SMITH, BENAVIDES, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 230
Pages: 413–414

Head Matter:
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Jose Ernesto ABARCA-AYALA, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 06-50813
Conference Calendar.
United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.
June 6, 2007.
Joseph H. Gay, Jr., Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Western District of Texas, San Antonio, TX, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Federal Public Defender’s Office, Western District of Texas, San Antonio, TX, for Defendant-Appellant.
Before SMITH, BENAVIDES, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM:
Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Jose Ernesto Abarca-Ayala raises arguments that are foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) is a penalty provision and not a separate criminal offense. The Government's motion for summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir. R. 47.5.4.