Case Name: CLAY v. STATE
Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1912-02-21
Citations: 144 S.W. 280
Docket Number: 
Parties: CLAY v. STATE.
Judges: PRENDERGAST, J., absent.
Reporter: South Western Reporter
Volume: 144
Pages: 280–281

Head Matter:
CLAY v. STATE.
(Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
Feb. 21, 1912.)
1. Ceiminal Law (§ 372 ) — Other Offenses — Selling Intoxicating Liquors — Evidence of Occupation.
On a trial for pursuing the occupation of selling intoxicating liquors in prohibition territory, proof of sales of liquor to others than those named in the indictment is admissible to show that accused pursued the occupation.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 833, 834; Dec. Dig. § 372; Intoxicating Liquors; Cent. Dig. § 286.]
2. Witnesses (§ 337 ) — Impeachment—Conviction of Crime.
The state on a trial for pursuing the occupation of selling intoxicating liquors in prohibition territory may show on the cross-examination of accused that he has been indicted for selling intoxicating liquors in counties where the making of a single sale is a felony to affect his credibility as a witness.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Witnesses, Cent. Dig. §§ 1140-1142; Dec. Dig. § 337. ]
3. Criminal Law (§ 673 ) — Reception of Evidence — Purpose — Cautionary Instructions.
Where proof that accused had been indicted for an offense was admitted solely to affect his credibility as a witness, the court must limit the purpose for which the proof was admitted.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 1597, 1872-1876; Dec. Dig. § 673. ]
4. Criminal Law (§ 770 ) — Instructions— Evidence.
Accused is entitled to have his theory of the case as supported by his testimony presented to the jury by the instructions.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. § 1806; Dec. Dig. § 770. ]
5. Intoxicating Liquors (§ 169 ) — Sales in Prohibition Territory — Persons Liable.
One who as agent for buyers of liquor in prohibition territory obtained liquor from third persons was not guilty of making a sale, but, where he was interested in the sale or where the third persons paid him for making the sale, he was guilty.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Intoxicating LKpiors, Cent. Dig. §§ 187, 188; Dec. Dig. ¡
Appeal from District Court, San Augustine .County; W. B. Powell, Judge.
Will Clay was convicted of crime, and he appeals.
Reversed and remanded.
Foster & Davis, for appellant. C. E. Lane, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
For other cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r indexes

Opinion:
HARPER, J..
Appellant; was indicted, tried, and convicted of the offense of pursuing the occupation of selling intoxicating liquors in territory where prohibition had been adopted; his punishment being assessed at three years in the penitentiary.
The court did not err in admitting proof of sales of intoxicating liquors to others than those named in the indictment. Appellant was being prosecuted for pursuing the occupation, and not for making a single sale; and in prosecutions for pursuing the occupation all evidence which would tend to show that he was doing so would be admissible. This court in Fitch v. State, 127 S. W. 1040, held that, when two specific sales were alleged, the persons must be named to whom the liquor was sold, but it is permissible to show that defendant was engaged in the occupation of selling. In view of the disposition of this case, it is unnecessary to discuss the assignment relating to the act of the Legislature in regard to suspension of sentence. In the case of Snodgrass v. State, 146 S. W.-, decided at this term, this act was held unconstitutional, and the question cannot arise on another trial.
It was permissible to prove that defendant had been indicted for other felonies, but the court erred in permitting the district attorney to compel defendant to answer that he had been indicted a number of times for selling intoxicating liquors. It is only in those counties where making a single sala of intoxicating liquors is a felony that it is permissible to make this proof and then only for the purpose of affecting his credit as a witness, and, when admitted for this purpose, it should be limited to the purpose for which it was introduced in the charge of the court. In this case the court erred in admitting the testimony, and erred in failing to limit the purpose for which the testimony was admitted showing that defendant had been indicted for other felonies. When the testimony was admitted, he stated he would limit.it in his charge, but failed to do so.
The defendant complains of the following paragraph of the court's charge: "If the defendant got the whisky he let Sim Worsham and Joed Eddings have from Will Garner and Joe Myers, and that he had no interest in the whisky so obtained, nor in the sale thereof, and was not acting for them or either of them, and that he received no pay or promise of any thing of value from them or either of them for getting said whisky from them, and that he received no pay or promise of any thing of value from said parties for whom he got the whisky in payment therefor, then as to those parties whom he let have the whisky so obtained in that way, if any, it would not be a sale under the law, and, if you so believe, you will not consider the same in passing upon the guilt or innocence of the defendant in this case." Defendant claims that said charge is confusing and misleading, and is erroneous, in that it instructs the jury if defendant received pay from the parties for whom he procured the whisky, although he had interest in the sale, it would be a sale to them. The state's evidence would make defendant guilty of the offense charged, but appellant testified that the parties approached him, and asked him to get them some whisky, and that he got the whisky for them from Will Garner and Joe Myers; that lie had no interest in (he matter, and was merely acting for the purchasers, they having promised him a drink. He was entitled to have his theory presented to the jury for them to pass on, and if he was in fact acting as agent for the purchasers, as he testifies, and got the whisky from Garner and Myers, it would not be a sale by him. In that paragraph above quoted the court tells the jury that, if the "purchasers" paid for his services, it would be a sale by him. This is not the law. If he was in any wise interested in the sale, or if Garner and Myers paid him for selling it, he would be guilty under the law, but he would not be making a sale of whisky, if Worsham and Eddings paid him for securing the whisky for them as their agent, and he was in no way interested in the liquor and received no profit therefrom, even though the persons for whom he procured the whis-ky paid him for his services in going and getting it. If he pursued this character of business, he might be guilty of taking orders for intoxicating liquor, but it would not be a sale by him.
The court did not err in overruling the motion to quash the indictment. This form of indictment is approved in Mizell v. State, 59 Tex. Cr. App. 226, 128 S. W. 125. See, also, Slack v. State, 136 S. W. 1073; Dozier v. State, 137 S. W. 679, and authorities cited in these cases.
However, for the errors above pointed out this case is reversed, and the cause remanded.
PRENDERGAST, J., absent.
Rehearing pending