Case Name: Calvin F. SMITH, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America, Appellee
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 1968-06-07
Citations: 413 F.2d 366
Docket Number: No. 20773
Parties: Calvin F. SMITH, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America, Appellee.
Judges: 
Reporter: Federal Reporter 2d Series
Volume: 413
Pages: 366–369

Head Matter:
Calvin F. SMITH, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America, Appellee.
No. 20773.
United States Court of Appeals District of Columbia Circuit.
Argued May 9, 1968.
Decided June 7, 1968.
Certiorari Denied May 26, 1969.
See 89 S.Ct. 1780.
Petition for Rehearing Denied July 5, 1968.
Mr. C. Frank Reifsnyder, Washington, D. C. (appointed by this court), for appellant.
Mr. David A. Clarke, Jr., Atty., Department of Justice, with whom Messrs. David G. Bress, U. S. Atty., and Frank Q. Nebeker and Joel D. Blackwell, Asst. U. S. Attys., were on the brief, for ap-pellee.
Before Prettyman, Senior Circuit Judge, and Weight and Robinson, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM:
The primary issue raised by this appeal, and plausibly tendered by circumstances the record discloses, is whether the police procedures used in the pretrial photographic identification of appellant by the robbery victim violated due process and, if so, were the lineup and in-court identifications of appellant tainted thereby. Since the issue was not raised in the District Court, with the result that the factual picture is incomplete, we remand this case for the taking of such evidence and the making of such findings as may be appropriate, using the criteria announced in Simmons v. United States, 390 U.S. 377, 88 S.Ct. 967, 19 L.Ed.2d 1247 (1968), and applying the principles announced in United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149 (1967); Gilbert v. State of California, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed. 2d 1178 (1967); and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199 (1967). See also Wright v. United States, 131 U.S.App.D.C. 279, 404 F.2d 1256 (No. 20,153 decided January 31, 1968). Jurisdiction of this appeal is retained by this court.
Remanded.
These criteria include (1) the necessity to use photographs for identification; (2) the number of photographs of different persons used in the identification procedure; and (3) the information or instructions, if any, given by the police to the identifying witness immediately prior to the identification.