Case Name: Frederick L. Talcott, Jr., Respondent, v. National Exhibition Company, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1911-04-21
Citations: 144 A.D. 337
Docket Number: 
Parties: Frederick L. Talcott, Jr., Respondent, v. National Exhibition Company, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 144
Pages: 337–339

Head Matter:
Frederick L. Talcott, Jr., Respondent, v. National Exhibition Company, Appellant.
Second Department,
April 21, 1911.
False imprisonment—detaining spectator on ball grounds — failure to point out exit — damages.
While persons conducting an exhibition of baseball may be justified in preventing a person who has failed to obtain a reserved seat from passing out of the usual exit gates while a dense crowd is entering the gates, so that his attempt to go through might create disorder and danger, yet they should direct him to pass out .by other means of exit, if such exist. Hence, where they faille point out the other means of exit, and detain an intended spectator against his will for an hour or more, they are liable for false imprisonment.
The plaintiff, in an action for false imprisonment, is not obliged to prove special damage, for all damages partake to some extent of smart money. A verdict of $500 under the circumstances aforesaid is not excessive.
Appeal by the defendant, the National Exhibition Company, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Westchester on the 19th day of May, 1910, upon the verdict of a jury for $500, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 20th day of May, 1910, denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
E. Mortimer Boyle [Cornelius J. Sullivan with him on the brief], for the appellant.
Charles P. Blaney, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Carr, J.:
The defendant appeals from a judgment of a Trial Term of the Supreme Court in Westchester county entered upon a verdict of a jury in an action for false imprisonment, and from an order denying a motion for a new trial. The facts are as follows: On the morning of the 8th of October, 1908, the plaintiff went into the. inclosure of the defendant in the city of New York to buy some reserved seats for a baseball game which was to be held there in the afternoon of that day. These seats were sold at a number of booths within the inclosure. The plaintiff was luisnccessfnl in his quest, as all the reserved seats had been sold. He tried to leave the inclosure through some gates used generally for ingress and exit. A considerable number of other persons were trying to leave theinclosure through the same gates at the same time. It appears that the baseball game which was to take place was one of very great importance to those interested in • such games, and a vast outpouring of people were attracted to it. Many thousands of these came early in the day to seek admittance to the ball grounds, and the result was that the various gates used generally- for entrance or exit were thronged with a dense mass of people coming in. The plaintiff was prevented by the servants of the defendant from' attempting to pass out through this throng, and as a result of this interference he was detained in the inclosure for an hour or more, much to his annoyance, and personal inconvenience. The plaintiff and those similarly situated made many attempts to get out through, these gates, and in the restraint put upon them to defeat their efforts they were subjected to some hauling and pushing by the defendant's special policemen. Finally the plaintiff -and the others were taken through a club house within the inclosure and allowed to go out through the entrance to the club house to the street. Ooncededly the plaintiff had a legal right to leave the inclosure, and the defendant had no legal right to detain him therein against his will. But the right-of each had corresponding duties. A temporary interference with the plaintiff's legal right of egress could be justified as a proper police measure if the plaintiff sought to exercise such right under circumstances likely to create disorder and danger.- Assuming, however,'that the defendant was justified in preventing' the plaintiff from__ passing, out .through the gates in question, it should have directed him to~pass~out~thróugh some other means of exlt-fif there were any. The' pMntW'fold the agents ofthe defendant of hisMesire to get out, but received no directions or suggestions how to get out. The defendant claims that the plaintiff might have gone out through other gates in another portion of , the field used for the entrance of motor cars and other vehicles, but the plaintiff swears that he did not know of the other gates, and there is no proof that his attention was' called, to them in any way when he and the others sought to go out. He got out in the end, not through the gates for vehicles, but through the club house on the permission and direction of the defendant. G-ranting that the restraint placed upon the plaintiff in preventing his going out through the gateways through which he sought' exit was justifiable as a police measure, yet the defendant owed him an active duty-to-point out the other existing methods of egressS/lt could hot stand idly by and simply detain and imprisongne plaintiff against his wHT." We see no reason to intdRbre with the verdict of the jury in its finding that the plaintiffs detention was unjustifiable under the circumstances. The damages awarded were in the sum of $500. The plaintiff proved no special damage, nor was he obliged to. All damages awarded in cases of false imprisonment partake to some extent of u smart moneys," and the sum awarded here is not so excessive as to justify interference on our part.
The judgment and order should be affirmed, with costs.
Present — Jenks, P. J.-, Hirschberg, Burr, 'Thomas and Carr, JJ. '
Judgment and order unanimously affirmed, with costs.