Case Name: MILLER v. STATE
Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1920-11-17
Citations: 225 S.W. 262
Docket Number: No. 5976
Parties: MILLER v. STATE.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Western Reporter
Volume: 225
Pages: 262–263

Head Matter:
MILLER v. STATE.
(No. 5976.)
(Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
Nov. 17, 1920.)
1. Larceny <&wkey;32(4) — Person having actual management of oil well should be named in indictment as owner of stolen casing.
Where one person had general supervision of all oil leases of a petroleum company, but no personal connection with a particular lease, an employee of the company in charge of the boring of a well on the farm covered by such lease should be named as owner, in an indictment for theft of a casing of the oil company on that farm.
2. Criminal law <&wkey;784(3) — No charge on circumstantial evidence required in view of defendant’s admission.
In a prosecution for larceny, where there was evidence that accused had admitted the taking of the property, a charge on circumstantial evidence was not required.
3. Criminal law <&wkey;423(9) — Acts and declarations of coconspirators admissible.
Where under the evidence, from the state’s standpoint, accused and another were cocon-spirators, and the object of the conspiracy was the theft of property and the apportionment of the proceeds, the conspiracy continued until its object was accomplished, and the acts and declarations of a coconspirator in furtherance of the conspiracy were admissible, though made in the absence of accused and after the property had been taken.
4. Criminal law <&wkey;424( I) — Possession by accomplice of stolen check admissible after termination of conspiracy.
Even after a conspiracy to steal property, sell it, and apportion the proceeds had ended, a check, which was a part of the fruits of the crime, and its possession by the accomplice after termination of the conspiracy, was admissible in evidence.
5. Criminal law <&wkey;7l5 — No error in permitting prosecuting attorney to discuss comparison of signatures.
Where there was an issue of fact as to whether accused had indorsed a check delivered to an alleged coconspirator, and an admitted signature of the accused in evidence, court did not err in permitting the 'prosecuting attorney to discuss the comparison of signatures in his argument.
6. Criminal law <&wkey;404(5) — Admitted signature admissible to compare with alleged signature.
In a prosecution for theft, where there was an issue of fact as to whether accused had indorsed a check delivered to an alleged cocon-spirator, an admitted signature of accused was admissible in evidence, under Code Or. Proc. 1911, art. 83.4.
Appeal from District Court, Wichita County; C. C. McDonald, Special Judge.
J. W. Miller was convicted of theft, and appeals.
Reversed.
Mathis & Caldwell, of Wichita Falls, for appellant.
Alvin M.. Owsley, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.

Opinion:
MORROW, J.
. The conviction is for theft, and punishment fixed at confinement in the penitentiary for two years.
The appellant and one Corcoran were jointly indicted, but tried separately. It was charged that a number of joints of casing were taken from the possession of H. B. Lamb. Lamb resided at Burkburnett, and was district superintendent of production of the Magnolia Petroleum Company, and had charge of all material used in the production of oil. The pipe in question was taken from the Fowler farm near Burkburnett, upon which the Fowler Farm Oil Company was boring an oil well. The Fowler Farm Oil Company belonged to the Magnolia Petroleum Company. The particular lease upon which this well was boring was in charge of Mr. Enloe. It came under the supervision of Lamb, but Enloe was the farm boss or foreman. Enloe took orders from Lamb, who had general supervision over all leases, including the Fowler lease, but had no personal connection with this particular lease. Enloe was an employee of the Magnolia Petroleum Company, and had this easing — which was secondhand — upon the. ground in connection with boring a well for that company, to whom primarily the casing belonged.
The point was made upon the trial, and urged here, that there was a variance in the proof of ownership. We think this point is well taken. Enloe seems to havq been the person who had the care, control, and management of the property, the person in actual possession of it, and under the proof made should have been nam'ed in the indictment as the owner. Branch's Ann. Tex. Pen. Code, § 2434. The person having actual charge, control, and management should be named in an indictment for theft as the owner. The statute on the subject was so construed in Frazier v. State, 18 Tex. App..442, a case which has been' followed in numerous instances, and, so far as we are aware, without departure. Enloe's relation to the property appears to have been that of special owner, not of a mere custodian. See Branch's Annotated Texas Penal Code, § 2447, and cases collated. When the facts in his knowledge leave the pleader in doubt as to. the ownership, the practice of embracing separate counts in the indictment should commend itself to him.
There being evidence that the appellant had admitted the taking of the property, the main inculpatory fact, the charge on circumstantial evidence was not required. Heard v. State, 24 Tex. App. 111, 5 S. W. 846, and other cases; Branch's Ann. Texas Penal Code, § 1873.
There was evidence that the property was sold by the accomplice, Corcoran, and a check payable to the appellant put in his possession. There was evidence from which the jury was authorized to infer that this check was collected, and the proceeds divided with the appellant. The proof of these transactions, taking place in the absence of the appellant, including the introduction of the check in evidence, was not obnoxious to the hearsay rule. Under the evidence from the state's standpoint, the appellant and Corcoran were coeonspirators, and the object of the conspiracy was the acquisition of the property, its sale, and the apportionment of the proceeds. Under this evidence, the conspiracy continued until its object was accomplished, and the acts and declarations of Corcoran in furtherance of the conspiracy were admissible, though in the absence of the appellant, and though made after the property had been taken. Smith v. State, 21 Tex. App. 107, 17 S. W. 552; O'Neal v. State, 14 Tex. App. 583; Taylor v. State, 3 Tex. App. 200; Knight v. State, 7 Tex. App. 209. Even if the conspiracy had ended, the check was a part of the fruits of the crime, and its possession by the accomplice was admissible. Pierson v. State, 18 Tex. App. 561; Branch's Ann. Texas Penal Code, § 694, 695.
There was, as we understand the record, an issue of fact as to whether the appellant had indorsed the check which was delivered to Corcoran, made payable to the appellant, and given by the purchaser in payment for the stolen property. An admitted signature of the appellant was in evidence, and we discern no error in permitting the prosecuting attorney to discuss the comparison of signatures in his argument. The evidence was competent, expressly made so under article 814, C. C. P. It was available for discussion. Hatch v. State, 6 Tex. App. 384.
The error pointed out requires a reversal of the judgment, which is ordered.
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