Case Name: Robin Blake COMBS, Sr., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. WASHINGTON State; et al., Defendants-Appellees
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2016-08-31
Citations: 660 F. App'x 515
Docket Number: No. 14-35821
Parties: Robin Blake COMBS, Sr., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. WASHINGTON State; et al., Defendants-Appellees.
Judges: Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, and HAWKINS and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 660
Pages: 515–518

Head Matter:
Robin Blake COMBS, Sr., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. WASHINGTON State; et al., Defendants-Appellees.
No. 14-35821
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
Submitted August 29, 2016 San Francisco, California
FILED August 31, 2016
Robin Blake Combs, Sr., Pro Se.
Aaron Williams, Attorney, State Attorney General’s Office-Corrections Division, Olympia, WA, for Defendants-Appellees.
Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, and HAWKINS and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

Opinion:
MEMORANDUM
Robin Combs appeals the district court's order entering summary judgment for defendants on various claims arising from Combs's treatment by Washington state prison officials. We affirm.
The district court properly entered summary judgment for defendants on Combs's free exercise claims brought under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. See U.S. Const. amend. I. Reviewing the record de novo, Shakur v. Schriro, 514 F.3d 878, 883 (9th Cir. 2008), we agree with the district court's conclusion that no disputed question of material fact exists as to whether prison officials intentionally and substantially burdened Combs's right freely to exercise his fundamentalist Jewish faith. The sporadic mistakes in kosher food preparation principles here resulted from inadvertence and did not rise to the level of a constitutional violation. See Canell v. Lightner, 143 F.3d 1210, 1215 (9th Cir. 1998) (holding that "short-term and sporadic" interference with free exercise rights does not violate the First Amendment).
A prison policy that refused to provide Combs a "Shabbat sack"—a bag delivered on Fridays containing breakfast, lunch and dinner for consumption on Saturdays—worked no substantial burden on Combs's faith when Combs routinely used personal funds to purchase commissary meals for in-cell consumption. See, e.g., Guru Nanak Sikh Soc. of Yuba City v. Cty. of Sutter, 456 F.3d 978, 988 (9th Cir. 2006) ("[A] substantial burden must place more than an inconvenience on religious exercise.") (internal quotation omitted); Warsoldier v. Woodford, 418 F.3d 989, 995 (9th Cir. 2005) (defining "substantial burden," in analogous statutory context, as a regulation that "impose[s] a significantly great restriction or onus upon [free] exercise").
The district court properly entered summary judgment for defendants on Combs's deliberate indifference claims. See U.S. Const, amend VIII. No disputed question of material fact exists as to whether prison officials chose "medically unacceptable" treatments in "conscious disregard of an excessive risk" to Combs's health. Jackson v. McIntosh, 90 F.3d 330, 332 (9th Cir. 1996). Combs offers no evidence establishing that prison officials chose medically unacceptable treatments for (1) Combs's gastroesphegeal reflux disease, and (2) Combs's inguinal hernia. Prison officials did not "inflict[ ] . unnecessary suffering . inconsistent with contemporary standards of decency" when they initially prescribed Combs a painkiller similar to that which he requested. Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 103-04, 97 S.Ct. 285, 50 L.Ed.2d 251 (1976). Finally, decisions of the prison's Care Review Committee reflected only permissible differences in medical opinion. See Sanchez v. Vild, 891 F.2d 240, 242 (9th Cir. 1989).
Finally, the district court did not abuse its discretion when it excluded as hearsay several Internet articles about Combs's medical conditions. See Larez v. City of Los Angeles, 946 F.2d 630, 642-44 (9th Cir. 1991). Neither did the district court abuse its discretion when it denied Combs's motion to appoint independent medical and dietary experts.
AFFIRMED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. '
. Combs's remaining free exercise claims lack merit. Combs's unsupported allegations that the kosher diet "[did] NOT contain an adequate variety of nutrients," do not rebut the state's record evidence demonstrating that the kosher diet complied with dietetic requirements. The record does not demonstrate that prison officials intended certain deprivations during Passover. And Combs concedes that a requirement that kosher inmates add identifying ties to their diet cards did not compel disclosure of religious association.