Case Name: Jason Williams vs. The State of Maryland
Court: Court of Appeals of Maryland
Jurisdiction: Maryland
Decision Date: 1883-06-20
Citations: 60 Md. 402
Docket Number: 
Parties: Jason Williams vs. The State of Maryland.
Judges: 
Reporter: Maryland Reports
Volume: 60
Pages: 402–404

Head Matter:
Jason Williams vs. The State of Maryland.
Polling the Jury in a Murder Case — Void verdict.
Where' the jury is polled in a murder case, it is the duty of each juror to say for himself whether he finds the prisoner guilty of murder in the first, or second degree.
Where the response of each juror in such case is simply “guilty,” without a designation of the degree of guilt, such verdict is a nullity. And the fact that the clerk, immediately after polling the jury, called upon them to hearken to the verdict as the Court had recorded it — “ your foreman saith that J. W. the prisoner at the bar is guilty of murder in the first degree, and so say you all” — does not affect the question.
Appeal as upon Writ of Error, from the Circuit Court for Howard County. .
The case is stated in the opinion of the Court.
The cause was argued before Alvey, Stone, Robinson, and Irving, J.
Wm. A. Hammond, and Henry E. Wootton, for the plaintiff in error.
Charles J. M. Gwinn, Attorney-General, for the defendant in error.

Opinion:
RoBisraoüí, J.,
delivered the opinion of the Court.
The plaintiff in error was tried in the Circuit Court for Howard County, on an indictment for murder; and the jury, when they came to the bar to deliver their verdict, declared by their foreman, that he was guilty of murder in the first degree. Before the verdict was recorded, the plaintiff in error demanded a poll of the jury; and each juror, when called upon to answer for himself and in his own language, responded " guilty," without specifying the degree of murder. Now, murder in the first degree is punishable by death, and murder in the second degree, by confinement in the penitentiary. The Code, therefore, provides that on an indictment for murder, the jury shall, if they find the person " guilty," ascertain in their verdict whether it he murder in the first or second degree. Ageneral verdict of " guilty " on an indictment for murder, is a had verdict, and on such a verdict no judgment can be pronounced. Ford vs. The State, 12 Md., 514.
The prisoner was entitled, as a matter of right, to a poll of the jury, and he could not be convicted, except upon the concurrence of each juror. Upon the poll, it was the duty of each juror to say for hiinselfj whether he found the prisoner guilty of murder in the first or second degree. We all know that jurors sometimes, upon the poll, dissent from the verdict declared for them by their foreman, and it is for the purpose of compelling each juror to declare his own verdict, in his own language, that a poll of the panel is allowed. Upon the poll in this case, there was not a single juror who, in finding the prisoner guilty, ascertained the degree of murder as required by the Code. On the contrary, the verdict was " guilty," and such a verdict is, as we have said, on an indictment for murder, a nullity.
The fact that the clerk, immediately after polling the jury, called upon them to hearken to the verdict, as the Court had recorded it — " Your foreman saith that Jason Williams, the prisoner at the bar, is guilty of murder in the first degree, and so say you all," does not affect the question. It was to this verdict as delivered by the foreman, and to which the assent of each juror was to be inferred from his silence, that the plaintiff had objected, and to test which he had demanded the panel should be polled. And when polled not a single juror declared the prisoner guilty of murder in the first degree.
(Decided 20th June, 1883.)
We do not see how this case differs in principle from Ford's Case, 12 Md., 514. Upon the poll in that case, the foreman answered, " Guilty of murder in the first degree," and each of the remaining jurors responded "guilty," without specifying the degree of murder. And the Court held this to be a bad .verdict, and bad, too, because each juror did not, in answer to the poll, specify the degree of murder.
In this case, as in that, the verdict rendered on the poll is a defective verdict, and we must reverse the judgment and award a new trial.
Judgment reversed, and nexo trial awarded.