Case Name: NAN SAN MYINT, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., Attorney General, Respondent
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2013-01-22
Citations: 505 F. App'x 672
Docket Number: No. 08-71859
Parties: NAN SAN MYINT, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., Attorney General, Respondent.
Judges: Before: CANBY, REINHARDT, and WARDLAW, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 505
Pages: 672–674

Head Matter:
NAN SAN MYINT, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., Attorney General, Respondent.
No. 08-71859.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
Argued and Submitted Jan. 8, 2013.
Filed Jan. 22, 2013.
R. Wayne McMillan, Law Office of R. Wayne McMillan, Pasadena, CA, for Petitioner.
Christopher C. Fuller, Esquire, Senior Litigation Counsel, Michael Christopher Heyse, Trial, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, CAC-District Counsel, Esquire, Office of the District Counsel, Department of Homeland Security, Los Angeles, CA, Ronald E. Lefevre, Office of the District Counsel, Department of Homeland Security, San Francisco, CA, for Respondent.
Before: CANBY, REINHARDT, and WARDLAW, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
MEMORANDUM
Nan San Myint, a native and citizen of Burma, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals' ("BIA") dismissal of her appeal from an Immigration Judge's ("IJ") denial of asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture ("CAT"). We have jurisdiction pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1252. Because we conclude that the agency's adverse credibility determination is not supported by substantial evidence, we grant the petition and remand for further proceedings pursuant to INS v. Ventura, 537 U.S. 12, 16-18, 123 S.Ct. 353, 154 L.Ed.2d 272 (2002) (per curiam).
The BIA affirmed the IJ's adverse credibility determination, relying on purported inconsistencies in the record as to the date of Myint's first husband's death, his profession, his age when he died, and Myint's ability to work for a U.S. State Department official if she was using a fake passport. The three minor inconsistencies related to Myint's first husband are, as the BIA stated, of little significance. See Mendoza Manimbao v. Ashcroft, 329 F.3d 655, 660 (9th Cir.2003) ("Minor inconsis tencies in the record that do not relate to the basis of an applicant's alleged fear of persecution, go to the heart of the asylum claim, or reveal anything about an asylum applicant's fear for his safety are insufficient to support an adverse credibility finding.").
The fourth "inconsistency" — "how [My-int] came to work for a State Department official while using an allegedly fake passport" — is wholly speculative. Myint testified that the State Department official for whom she worked did not ask for identity documents as a precondition to her employment, that the official asked for her passport only when necessary to obtain visas, and that Myint never had any problems traveling with the official and his family. That testimony was uncontradict-ed. Nevertheless, the IJ "just refusefd] to acknowledge that [Myint] could obtain the security clearance necessary to accompany a foreign service officer to several countries" if her passport was fraudulent. The agency impermissibly assumed, without any record evidence, that the State Department thoroughly investigates all of its employees' domestic workers, including a foreign service officer's housekeeper, to determine whether they are security risks, and that Myint must have been subject to a background check. Because "speculation and conjecture cannot form the basis of an adverse credibility finding, which must instead be based on substantial evidence," this purported inconsistency cannot support the agency's adverse credibility finding. Ge v. Ashcroft, 367 F.3d 1121, 1124 (9th Cir.2004) (internal quotation marks and alteration omitted).
Because it is apparent from the record that the agency listed all possible reasons to support an adverse credibility determination and none is supported by substantial evidence, remand for further credibility findings is not necessary. See Soto-Olarte v. Holder, 555 F.3d 1089, 1095 (9th Cir.2009). Accordingly, we grant the petition for review and remand to the agency to assess Myint's claims on the merits, deeming her testimony credible. See id. at 1095-96; see also Ventura, 537 U.S. at 16-18, 123 S.Ct. 353.
PETITION GRANTED; REMANDED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
. The passage of the REAL ID Act changed our standard of review of an IJ's adverse credibility finding. However, the relevant provisions of the Act are not applicable here because Myint filed her asylum application before the effective date of the Act. See Pub. L. 109-13, Div. B, Title I, § 101(h)(2), 119 Stat. 231 (May 11, 2005) (effective date).
. The foreign service employee himself wrote an email that was part of the administrative record indicating that he was "not familiar with [Myint's] background in Burma" and "kn[e]w nothing of her identity other than the information in her passport."