Case Name: State of Louisiana v. Oscar Burns
Court: Louisiana Supreme Court
Jurisdiction: Louisiana
Decision Date: 1873-04
Citations: 25 La. Ann. 302
Docket Number: No. 4609
Parties: State of Louisiana v. Oscar Burns.
Judges: Justices concurring : Ludeling, Taliaferro, Howell, Wyly, Morgan.
Reporter: Louisiana Annual Reports
Volume: 25
Pages: 302–303

Head Matter:
No. 4609.
State of Louisiana v. Oscar Burns.
Whore a motion was made to quash tho panel of the jurors, on tho ground that the Criminal Sheriff has no legal right to furnish a list of persons liable to jury duty, keep tho samo in the Criminal Court, and array juries thereirom, because said list should be furnished by the ¿sheriff for tho civil courts, in conformity with section 2144 R. S., which says: ‘‘It shall be tho duty of the sheriff of the parish of Orleans, in the month of December, to furnish a list of all persons liable to jury duty residing within the limits of' tho parish of Orleans;”
Held — That tho sheriff for the Criminal Court is a sheriff of the parish of Orleans, as much as the sheriff for the civil courts, and the constitution makes him the executive officer of the Criminal Court. It is his duty, as such executive officer, to perform the duty ira-* posed by the above law and section 2147 R. S. He is specially and solely the executive officer of that court.
Where a hill of exceptions was taken to the refusal of the judge to charge the jury as requested, that, if they entertained a reasonable doubt as to the sanity of the prisoner at the time of the commission of the alleged act, they were hound to acquit him, and the judge charged, on the contrary, that the law presumed the sanity of every man and that it devolved on the prisoner, under a plea of insanity, to satisfy the jury by a preponderance of proof that he was insane at tho time of tho alleged act;
Held — That the exception was properly overruled.
APPEAL from the First District Court, parish of Orleans. Abell, J. Criminal case.
A. P. Field, Attorney G-eneral, for the State. J, J. Foley, for the defendant and appellant.
Justices concurring : Ludeling, Taliaferro, Howell, Wyly, Morgan.

Opinion:
Howell, J.
The defendant has appealed from a judgment sentencing him to imprisonment at hard labor in the State Penitentiary during Ills natural life for murder without capital punishment. The case is before ns on an assignment of error and two bills of exceptions.
The error assigned is that his application for a new trial should have been disposed of.
The record shows that it was waived.
The first hill of exception is taken to the overruling of a motion made to quash the panel of jurors on the ground that the criminal sheriff has no legal right to furnish a list of persons liable to jury duty, keep the same in the criminal court, and array juries therefrom.
The law is (R. S., sec. 2144) : '"It shall be the duty of the sheriff of the parish of Orleans, in the month of December, to furnish a list of all persons liable to jury duty residing within the limits of the parish of Orleans."
It is contended that, as the law does not designate the sheriff for the criminal court, whose election is provided for in the constitution, as the officer who is to furnish said list, and as the constitution imposes on the sheriff for the civil courts all duties heretofore devolving on the sheriff of the parish of Orleans, except those therein delegated to the sheriff of the criminal court, the said list should he furnished by tho sheriff for the civil courts.
We think this an error. The sheriff for the criminal court is a sheriff of the parish of Orleans, as much as the sheriff for the civil courts, and the constitution makes him the executive officer of the criminal court, and it is his duty as such executive officer to perform, the duty imposed by the above law and section 2147 R. S. He is-specially and solely the executive officer of that court. The ruling of the judge was correct.
The second bill was taken to the refusal of the judge to charge the jury as requested, that, if they entertained a reasonable doubt as to-the sanity of the prisoner at the time of the commission of the alleged act, they were bound to acquit him, the judge charging, on the contrary, that the law presumed the sanity of every man, and that it devolved on the prisoner, under a plea of insanity, to satisfy the jury by a preponderance of proof that he was insane at the time of the commission of the alleged act.
We think the judge did not err in this charge. The true rule is, "the jury are to be told that every man is to be presumed to be sane, and to possess a sufficient degree of reason to be responsible for his-crimes, until the contrary be proved to their satisfaction; and that, to-establish a defense on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of committing the act, the party accused was laboring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing, or, if he did know it, that he did not know he was doing what was wrong." 2 G-reenleaf, § 373; 7 Mst. 500; 3 Parker's Criminal Reports 299-301;. 5 Parker ditto 631, 644; Roscoe's Criminal Ev. 952.
Judgment affirmed.
Rehearing refused.