Case Name: Mohammad Anwarul ISLAM, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2010-03-05
Citations: 368 F. App'x 241
Docket Number: No. 09-0133-ag
Parties: Mohammad Anwarul ISLAM, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent .
Judges: PRESENT: WALKER, GUIDO CALABRESI, REENA RAGGI, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 368
Pages: 241–244

Head Matter:
Mohammad Anwarul ISLAM, Petitioner, v. Eric H. HOLDER, Jr., United States Attorney General, Respondent .
No. 09-0133-ag.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
March 5, 2010.
Thomas V. Massucci, New York, NY, for Petitioner.
Tony West, Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division; Barry J. Pettinato, Assistant Director; Katharine E. Clark, Trial Attorney, Office of Immigration Litigation, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Respondent.
PRESENT: WALKER, GUIDO CALABRESI, REENA RAGGI, Circuit Judges.
Pursuant to Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 43(c)(2), Attorney General Eric H. Holder, Jr. is automatically substituted for former Attorney General Michael B. Mukasey as the Respondent in this case.

Opinion:
SUMMARY ORDER
Petitioner Mohammad Anwarul Islam, a native and citizen of Bangladesh, seeks review of a December 12, 2008 order of the BIA affirming the February 20, 2007 decision of Immigration Judge (IJ) Barbara A. Nelson, denying his application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (CAT). In re Mohammad Anwarul Islam, No. [ AXXX XXX XXX ] (B.I.A. Dec. 12, 2008), aff'g No. [ AXXX XXX XXX ] (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City Feb. 20, 2007). We assume the parties' familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history in this case.
When the BIA adopts the decision of the IJ and supplements the IJ's decision, this Court reviews the decision of the IJ as supplemented by the BIA. See Yan Chen v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 268, 271 (2d Cir.2005). We review the agency's factual findings, including adverse credibility determinations, under the substantial evidence standard. 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); see, e.g., Corovic v. Mukasey, 519 F.3d 90, 95 (2d Cir.2008). Questions of law and the application of law to undisputed fact are reviewed de novo. Salimatou Bah v. Mukasey, 529 F.3d 99, 110 (2d Cir.2008).
Islam's claim that the IJ did not explicitly make an adverse credibility finding is without merit. Although an IJ must "decide explicitly" whether an applicant is credible, see Diallo v. INS, 232 F.3d 279, 290 (2d Cir.2000), no magic words are required. The IJ's finding that Islam's testimony regarding the alleged charges against him was "implausible" is sufficiently explicit.
The adverse credibility finding is also supported by substantial evidence. In reviewing an adverse credibility determination based on an applicant's implausible testimony, we "review the entire record, not whether each unusual or implausible feature of the account can be explained or rationalized." Ying Li v. BCIS, 529 F.3d 79, 82 (2d Cir.2008).
The IJ reasonably found suspicious the circumstances of the arrest warrant. Islam testified that he was present in the United States when the offenses alleged in the arrest warrant occurred. He admitted that he could easily prove this fact and that he had a lawyer in Bangladesh. He claimed, however, that he had not attempted to refute the allegations and had not even discussed the matter with his attorney in Bangladesh. When asked why he had never attempted to refute the allegations or speak with his attorney, he testified that he was "too busy" working.
Islam also failed to provide any explanation for why charges would be filed against him over fourteen years after he left Bangladesh. Further casting suspicion on the warrant's timing is that the alleged charges occurred a few days after the BIA issued a decision denying Islam's first motion to reopen. The IJ reasonably found this timing "oddly coincidental."
The IJ also did not err in declining to afford evidentiary weight to the alleged warrant. We have made clear that the authentication provisions set forth at 8 C.F.R. § 287.6 are not the exclusive means for authenticating a document. See Cao He Lin v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 428 F.3d 391, 404-05 (2d Cir.2005). Nonetheless, we "afford IJs considerable flexibility in determining the authenticity of such documents from the totality of the evidence." Shunfu Li v. Mukasey, 529 F.3d 141, 149 (2d Cir.2008). The agency properly considered the totality of the evidence here, including Islam's testimony, and reasonably concluded that the warrant had not been authenticated "in any way." See id.; see also Xiao Ji Chen v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 471 F.3d 315, 342 (2d Cir.2006) (holding that the weight afforded to the applicant's evidence in immigration pro ceedings lies largely within the discretion of the U).
For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is DENIED. As we have completed our review, any stay of removal that the Court previously granted in this petition is VACATED, and any pending motion for a stay of removal in this petition is DISMISSED as moot. Any pending request for oral argument in this petition is DENIED in accordance with Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 34(a)(2), and Second Circuit Local Rule 34(b).
Islam does not challenge the agency's denial of his request for CAT relief in his brief to this Court.