Case Name: Lillian B. Leavitt, Respondent, v. Charles H. Enos, as Ancillary Executor, etc., of Thomas B. Enos, Deceased, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1913-03-20
Citations: 155 A.D. 584
Docket Number: 
Parties: Lillian B. Leavitt, Respondent, v. Charles H. Enos, as Ancillary Executor, etc., of Thomas B. Enos, Deceased, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 155
Pages: 584–586

Head Matter:
Lillian B. Leavitt, Respondent, v. Charles H. Enos, as Ancillary Executor, etc., of Thomas B. Enos, Deceased, Appellant.
First Department,
March 20, 1913.
Usury — assignment of interest in estate to secure loan.
In an action to recover upon an assignment by defendant’s testator of a portion of his interest in an estate, it appeared that being desirous of obtaining an advance thereon he applied for a loan. He assigned to the plaintiff $7,500 of liis share of the estate but only received $5,500, the difference between that sum and $7,500 being divided between plaintiff, her brothers and agents and their attorney.
Held, that the complaint should have been dismissed as the transaction was a loan and the assignment void for usury; but the judgment may be affirmed if the plaintiff consents to a reduction of the amount to $5,500, which the defendant offered to return.
Appeal by the defendant, Charles H. Enos, as ancillary executor,, etc., from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 12th day of March, 1912, upon the decision of the court rendered after a trial at the New York Special Term.
J. Noble Hayes, for the appellant.
Max D. Steuer, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Scott, J.:
The plaintiff seeks to recover upon an alleged assignment by Thomas B. Enos, defendant's testator, of a sum of money, part of 'the said testator's share or interest in the estate of Thomas W. Evans, deceased. The facts are very simple. A contest arose as to the proper distribution of the estate of Thomas W. Evans, deceased. Thomas B. Enos was entitled to a share in said estate and was a contestant of his will. In June, 1900, an agreement was made between the executors of the Evans estate and the several contestants of his will, by which among other things it was agreed that said Thomas B. Enos should be paid the sum of $50,000. There seems to have been some additional claim on his part to a further sum the details of which are not disclosed. For some reason not stated in the record there was a delay in the payment of the $50,000 to Enos, and he, desiring an advance thereon, applied to an attorney named David C. Meyers to procure one. Meyers had for clients two brothers named Bernstein who were also brothers of the plaintiff. It was arranged that Enos should assign to plaintiff $7,500 of the sum agreed to be paid him out of the Evans estate, and a formal agreement was drawn up upon which this action is brought. The action was originally against the executors of the Evans estate. They obtained an order interpleading Enos and paid into court the amount due him. Enos after-wards died, and the present defendant was substituted in his place.
The transaction between plaintiff and Enos was very similar to the one which we have recently had occasion to consider in Hall v. Eagle Ins. Co. (151 App. Div. 815), except that the present case is, if anything, a little balder and less complicated than the Hall case. The assignment now under consideration purports to sell, assign, transfer and set over to plaintiff (then named Friedlander) any and all claims which Enos then had in and to the estate of Thomas W. Evans, deceased, to the amount of $7,500. Reference is made to the agreement by the executors of said Evans to pay Enos the sum of $50,000. It is further provided that if the said sum of $7,500 be not paid out of the agreed sum of $50,000, then that it shall be charged against any other sum due to Enos out of the Evans estate, and finally Enos warranted and guaranteed the repayment to said plaintiff of the said sum of $7,500.
All that Enos received was $5,500, the difference between that sum and $7,500, being divided between plaintiff, her brothers and agents and their attorney. It is perfectly clear that the transaction was a loan of money, and that the pretended assignment was a mere cloak for usury. It is unnecessary to repeat here the reasons for such a conclusion which were stated at length in the Hall case. Upon the undisputed facts the complaint should have been dismissed upon the ground that whatever money was advanced by plaintiff was so advanced upon a corrupt and usurious agreement which is unenforcible at law.
The defendant, however, both upon his brief and in open . court, expresses his willingness and desire that the plaintiff shall he repaid the amount actually advanced to his testator, and to that end offers to consent to a judgment for $5,500. Upon this concession alone we refrain from reversing the judgment and dismissing the complaint.
The judgment will, therefore, be reversed and the complaint dismissed, with costs and disbursements to the appellant, unless the plaintiff stipulates within twenty days that the judgment be reduced to $5,500, in which case the judgment as so reduced and modified will be affirmed, with costs and disbursements to the appellant.
Ingraham, P. J., McLaughlin, Laughlin and Clarke, JJ., concurred.
Judgment reversed and complaint dismissed, with costs to appellant, unless plaintiff stipulates to reduce the judgment to $5,500, in which case the judgment as so modified affirmed, with costs and disbursements to appellant. Order to be settled on notice.