Case Name: Catherine M. Bernadac, as Administratrix, etc., of Frank Bernadac, Deceased, Respondent, v. Schencke Piano Company, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1909-11-19
Citations: 134 A.D. 523
Docket Number: 
Parties: Catherine M. Bernadac, as Administratrix, etc., of Frank Bernadac, Deceased, Respondent, v. Schencke Piano Company, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 134
Pages: 523–527

Head Matter:
Catherine M. Bernadac, as Administratrix, etc., of Frank Bernadac, Deceased, Respondent, v. Schencke Piano Company, Appellant.
First Department,
November 19, 1909.
Negligence — fall of elevator—evidence—failure to show negligence.
Where in an action by a servant against his master for injuries caused by the breaking of an elevator cable, it appears that the elevator was properly constructed of good materials by an elevator manufacturer; that it was regularly inspected by a casualty company; that while there was some irregularity in its running it was never reported to defendant, and there is no evidence of any defect in the cable, and it appeared after the accident that a condition existed indicating that the immediate cause of the accident was the fact that the cable ran ofE the drum and wound upon a small shaft, but there is nothing to show why or how this occurred, or that it could have been reasonably anticipated or could have been discovered and prevented by prior inspection, ho negligence of the master is established.
Appeal by the defendant, Schencke Piano Company, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Hew York on the 26th day of March, 1909, upon the verdict of a jury for $4,350, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 8th day of April, 1909, denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
Charles Melville Weeks, for the appellant.
Edwin T. Taliaferro of counsel [William J. McNulty, attorney], for the respondent.

Opinion:
Clarke, J.:
The Schenclce Piano Company occupied the two upper floors of a building situated on Eider avenue in the borough of The Bronx under a verbal lease with the owner of said building, Louis F. Schutte, who was the president of the company. The defendant is an assembler and finisher of pianos and claims that it had a contract with one Gleitz for the performance of one portion of its work on the first floor, and with Owen McCarren for another portion of its work located on the second floor, and that its only direct employee was a porter, who also ran the elevator.
Plaintiff's intestate was a piano stringer and defendant claims that he was in the employ of Gleitz, and Gleitz testified to the same effect.
There was a freight elevator erected outside of the building, open except for a roof, with a platform about five by six feet, used to carry the heavy parts of the pianos to the upper story. This had been constructed some eighteen months before the accident by an elevator constructing company and had been in constant use. The platform was hung from a five-eighths inch Swedisli iron cable which passed over a two-foot pulley at the top of the elevator shaft and thence down into the building to a drum two feet in diameter attached to a single steel shaft by which it was operated by a motor. The elevator weighed about 500 pounds and the cable had tensile strength sufficient to support from 11,000 to 12,000 pounds. The guides were made -of yellow pine and there were safety clutches attached to the elevator whose purpose it was to stop the fall of the elevator if the cable slackened or broke. The workmen were accustomed, with the knowledge of the officers of the defendant, to use this elevator and frequently ran it without the aid of the elevator-man. On the day of the accident Bernadac, the decedent, and McCarren went up on the elevator to the second floor, where McCarren got off. Bernadac then pulled the rope to start the ele vator down when it fell to about two feet from the bottom of the shaft where the safety clutches finally held it. The force of the fall broke both of Bernadac's legs and as a result of the injuries received he shortly thereafter died.
An examination showed that the cable had broken inside of the building a few feet from the drum and that the end was twisted, flattened, kinked and the wives stretched, showing that a part of the cable had run off the drum and had become twisted around the small central steel shaft and was there subject to a very considerable strain.
While such portions of the cable as ran in the open air were rusted upon the outside by the effects of the weather the ends of the wire at the break, as testified to by all the witnesses who saw it at the time, were bright. There is no proof of any defect in the wire cable having been found prior to the accident. There is testimony that shortly after the installation of the elevator it was apt to stick fast and that two weeks after its installation men came back and cut away some of the wooden guide rails to overcome this difficulty.
There is testimony that occasionally the elevator would stop or stick and then fall a little and one witnessffestified that on the day of the accident, between nine and ten o'clock in the morning, he was riding up in the elevator from the ground floor; that when it got about fifteen feet up, it started to jump and fall and that thereupon he jumped off onto the roof of an extension of the building. This witness also testified that almost every time he rode on it it would probably go up three feet and fall one foot.
It does not appear that the defendant company and its officers had been notified of these occurrences and its officers and other witnesses testified that from the time the elevator was first put in nothing had happened in any way whatever which gave them any notice or any knowledge that there was anything the matter with the elevator, and that no one ever, at any time up to the time of the accident, reported that the elevator was out of gear in any way, shape or manner, and it does appear that from time to time, and up to within two weeks of the accident, the elevator and its appliances were inspected by a representative of a casualty company and nothing was discovered or reported to be out of order.
There is no evidence in the case showing any defect in the cable existing prior to the accident that had been discovered or that could be discovered. On the contrary, the inspector, who made an inspection two weeks before the accident, testified: " There was not the slightest defect in this rope in all the inspections that I made that was discoverable by the closest inspection, not the slightest,. and the cable is there. There was no defect in this rope that could have been discovered by any inspection; no, sir, by nobody." A test was made of a piece of the cable after the accident, and it stood 11,000 pounds strain before it parted. A brand new cable of the same kind tested at 11,562 pounds. The weight on the cable at the time of the accident was the 500 pounds of the elevator and the 135 pounds of the decedent.
We have, then, a case presented of proper construction, of good materials, by a concern whose business it was to make elevators, regular inspection with no defects discovered or discoverable, with some evidence of irregular running, never reported to the company, but with no evidence of any defect in the cable, and after the accident a condition indicating that the-cable had run off the drum and had wound around the small shaft, with a break so close thereto as to indicate that that was the immediate cause of the accident, without any evidence to show why or how this occurred, that it could have been reasonably anticipated or could have been discovered or prevented by inspection prior to the accident. It seems to me that this case fairly comes within the rule laid down by the Court of Appeals in Young v. Mason Stable Company (193 N. Y. 188), where a freight elevator fell: " In the case, however, of an appliance like this freight elevator, which may be regarded as an accessory to the general work of the establishment, and concerning the construction and safety of which the master can ordinarily possess no special knowledge, I think that so far as the persons in his service are concerned he may rely upon a regular inspection thereof by experts in elevator construction, assuming, of course, that it was originally safe and adequate and that he promptly makes such repairs and alterations as such experts may advise. I think that the only possible basis for any charge of negligence against the master is the failure properly to inspect; and that upon the uncontradicted evidence the master's duty in this respect was fully discharged by the inspection which was provided "
So, iii the case at bar, it seems to me that the plaintiff lias not sustained the burden of establishing the negligence of the defendant and that the judgment and order appealed from should be reversed and a new trial ordered, with costs and disbursements to abide the event.
Patterson, P. J., Ingraham, McLaughlin and Laugiili.x, JJ., concurred.
Judgment and order reversed, new trial ordered, costs to appellant to abide event.