Case Name: FINDLAY et al. v. MINERALIZED RUBBER CO.
Court: Supreme Court of Georgia
Jurisdiction: Georgia
Decision Date: 1896-03-30
Citations: 98 Ga. 275
Docket Number: 
Parties: FINDLAY et al. v. MINERALIZED RUBBER CO.
Judges: 
Reporter: Georgia Reports
Volume: 98
Pages: 275–278

Head Matter:
FINDLAY et al. v. MINERALIZED RUBBER CO.
1. Even though answers to interrogatories be taken under the provisions of section 3891 of the code, a due transmission, according to the terms of section 3888, of the package containing the interrogatories and answers, is essential to their reception as evidence. Hence where such interrogatories and answers were • transmitted through the mail, and it does not appear from certificates upon the envelope in which they were enclosed that the package was received by a postmaster from the commissioner named and duly forwarded by mail, and that the same was received by the postmaster at the point of designation by due course of mail, upon objection timely made upon the ground that such certificates do not appear, the answers should be excluded.
2. Inasmuch as the questions presented in the motion for a new trial, other than that dealt with in the preceding note, cannot be intelligently passed upon except in the light of the evidence which should have been excluded, they are not properly before this court for determination.
March 30, 1896. Argued at the last term.
Action on bond. Before Judge Ross. City court of Macon. Maxell term, 1895.
Or ace & J ones, for plaintiffs in error.
Willingham & Lane and John R. L. Smith, contra.

Opinion:
Atkinson, Justice.
The plaintiff recovered a judgment. TLe defendants, amongst other grounds, moved for a new trial upon the ground that the court erred in overruling certain exceptions taken by the defendants to a set of interrogatories, and in allowing the answers to such interrogatories to be read in evidence. The exceptions were in writing and notice thereof given to the opposite party in due time. The answers were taken upon consent by a single commissioner under section 3891 of the code. The-exceptions were: (1) Because the package or envelope in which said interrogatories are contained having been sent by mail, the postmaster having received it from the commissioner has not certified to that fact. (2) Because tbe postmaster delivering tbe same to tbe court bas not certified to tbe fact of its reception by due course of mail. (3) Because a part, or wbat purports to be a part of tbe interrogatories, to wit: those marked exhibit "K," are not contained in tbe same envelope with tbe questions or with tbe certificate of tbe commissioner. Tbe motion for a new trial recites that tbe facts stated in said exceptions were admitted to be true, and it was further admitted that tbe package containing tbe interrogatories came to tbe clerk of tbe court by registered mail.
1. Tbe question is, ought the answers, under these circumstances, to- have been excluded? We think so. Due transmission of tbe result of tbe labors of a commissioner to take testimony is as necessary to its judicial recognition as is due execution of tbe commission itself, and so far as concerns tbe mere transmission of tbe answers taken, tbe provisions of section 3888 of tbe code apply as well to answers taken under section 3891 as to answers taken upon a commission regularly sued out. It bas been ruled by this court, that where interrogatories ai'e taken by consent, as under section 3891 of tbe code, tbe execution and return are not controlled by tbe usual provisions of tbe statute. Shorter v. Marshall, 49 Ga. 31. Tbe execution of a commission is tbe act of requiring tbe witness to- appear before tbe commissioners and depose in response to tbe interrogatories propounded. Tbe return is tbe statement made by the commissioners to tbe court touching tbe execution of tbe interrogatories. The execution of the- interrogatories and return by tbe commissioners must be complete before they are ready for transmission. When they are ready for transmission, section 3888 of tbe code provides bow and in wbat manner that may be accomplished. Before they can be received, they must be duly accredited to tbe court. They may be delivered by tbe person named as commissioner in person, or they may be delivered by some private band. In tbe latter case, tbe person receiving and delivering them in court must malí© affidavit of the fact that they were delivered to such person by such commissioner, and of their freedom from alteration. They may be transmitted by mail. In that case, the statute requires that the postmaster receiving them from the commissioner must certify to that fact, and the postmaster delivering them to the court must certify to their reception by due course of mail. • So it will be seen, that whatever method of transmission is adopted, the progress of the package from the time it leaves the hand of the commissioner until it is delivered into the court must show that it has not, in the act of transmission, come into the control of any person unauthorized to assist in its delivery to the court. There is no authority for the substitution of a transmission by registered letter for the special method of transmission through the mail pointed out by the- statute. This is essential to the due authentication of the evidence contained in the answers, because otherwise the court could never know that the testimony received by it for use was the same actually transmitted to it by its commissioner who was designated by the parties to take the depositions of the witness.
It will be observed by reference to the cases of Shorter v. Marshall, 49 Ga. 31, supra; Fry v. Shehee, 55 Ga. 208, both were cases in which the question turned upon the execution of the consent entered into in lieu of a commission, and the return of the commissioners thereon. As to what constitutes the return of a commission, see Flournoy & Epping v. First National Bank of Jeffersonville, Ind., 78 Ga. 222. So it will be áeen that the question here is upon due transmission, and not upon the improper execution or return. The case of Davis v. Central Railroad, reported in 60 Ga. 329, is to the effect that, where counsel acknowledged service and waived copy, waived -commission and commissioners, consented that the witness write out his own answers and swear to them before a notary public, and seal them up and deliver them to the clerk without further formality, and that his answers be read as if regularly taken, if some of the interrogatories are not fully answered, this defect in the execution of the consent is no> reason for the suppression of the interrogatories. In the present case the interrogatories were not transmitted to the court in the manner prescribed by law. There was nothing from which the court could legally presume that the answers which came into the court were the same answers taken by the commissioner, and they should not have been allowed to gO' to the jury.
2. The other questions made upon the motion for a new trial are so> largely dependent upon the evidence thus illegally admitted, that without it they cannot be considered, and indeed could not arise, and hence their discussion is unnecessary. Judgment reversed.