Case Name: James Flynn, Resp't, v. Emma Kennedy et al., App'lts
Court: New York Supreme Court, General Term
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1891-11-13
Citations: 41 N.Y. St. Rep. 359
Docket Number: 
Parties: James Flynn, Resp’t, v. Emma Kennedy et al., App’lts.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 41
Pages: 359–361

Head Matter:
James Flynn, Resp’t, v. Emma Kennedy et al., App’lts.
(Supreme Court, General Term, First Department,
Filed November 13, 1891.)
1. Partition—Costs.
There is no authority for the insertion of costs in an interlocutory judgment in an action of partition. It is not until final judgment confirming the sale is rendered that the costs can be paid or distribution had.
2. Same—Referee’s fees.
On receiving the deposit on the purchaser’s bid the referee paid to the plaintiff’s attorney the costs which had been included in the interlocutory judgment, taking back a receipt from him by which he agreed to return the amount if the purchaser refused to complete. Subsequently the purchaser was relieved from the purchase and the referee was compelled to return the deposit. Held, that the referee had a right of action against the plaintiffs in the partition action for his fees for services performed and disbursements made in reference to the sale, but not for the costs which he so paid out before he was authorised by law so to do.
Appeal from judgment entered upon report of referee.
E J. Dooley, for app’lts ; E. H. Benn, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Van Brunt, P. J.
The defendants in this action, by their attorney, brought an action in the supreme court for the partition of some real property in the city of New York. There was'no defense, and upon motion the plaintiff was appointed referee to take the necessary proofs and to report thereon whether there should be a sale or actual partition.
He took the proofs and made his report, which was confirmed, and he was then appointed referee to sell the land. He published the usual notices and such notices as the attorney for the plaintiffs directed, and paid the fees and expenses thereof, and in due time sold the land. On the day of sale and after the purchaser had paid over to the referee, as such referee to sell, ten per cent of the purchase money, he at the request and application of the plaintiffs' attorney advanced or paid over to the attorney the amount of the costs, which in the interlocutory judgment of sale, had been improperly adjudged and awarded to the plaintiffs, and took a receipt from said attorney for said sum, which receipt contained the following language: " Which sum I am to return to him in case the purchaser refuses to complete his purchase on or before the 2d of June, 1890." The order confirming said sale and final judgment was made and entered in said action on the 22d of May, 1890 ; and such proceedings were had subsequently that on the 16th of October, upon the motion of the assignee of the purchaser, an order was made relieving said assignee from the bid and purchase made at such sale, and directing said referee to pay to the purchaser or his attorney, out of the moneys received by him upon said sale, the costs of the motion, the ten per cent paid on said sale, the auctioneer's and exchange fees, and the amount of the expenses of said attorney on the examination of the title; and said order provided that, in the event that said referee had not sufficient funds to make said payment in full, then the plaintiffs in that action (the defendants in this action) were required to pay the balance of said sum so remaining unpaid by the referee.
On the 25th of October, 1890, the plaintiff, pursuant to such order, paid to the assignee of the purchaser said ten per cent which had been received by him. Thereupon this action was brought by the plaintiff herein against the plaintiffs in the partition action to recover back the costs paid by him to their attorney, the disbursements which had been made by him for publishing-notices, etc., and for his fees and commissions upon the sale, the defendants having denied liability for these sums ; upon consent the issues were referred to a referee who reported in favor of the plaintiff for the whole amount except his commission upon the sale, and from the judgment thereupon entered this appeal is taken.
We think that the referee was entitléd to his fees, having performed all the services under the interlocutory decree of sale which he was called upon to perform. He was also entitled to recover the expenses to which he was put for advertising, etc., they having been incurred at the request of the defendant's attorney in the prosecution of the action to prosecute which he had been retained by them.
But we do not see upon what theory the costs which were paid to the plaintiffs' attorney can be recovered back by the referee. It is true that the interlocutory judgment adjudged that the plaintiffs were entitled to costs, and the amount thereof seems to have been inserted therein, but this was entirely without authority under the Code.
By § 1579 of the Code it is provided that where final judgment confirming a sale is rendered, the costs of each party to the action, and the expenses of the sale, including the officer's fees, must be deducted 4 from the proceeds of the sale and each party's costs must be paid to his attorney, and by § 1580 the share of the party must be paid to him or his legal representatives and not to his attorney of record.
It is clear from the language of the section that it is not until final judgment confirming a sale is rendered that the costs can be paid, and it seems equally clear that such costs cannot be paid until the proceeds of sale are realized, because the provision is that they are to be deducted from the proceeds of sale, and after being deducted each party's costs must be paid to his attorney.
Section 1577 determines what a final judgment in a partition suit is, It provides that if the sale is confirmed by the court, a final judgment must be entered confirming it accordingly, directing the -officer making it to execute the proper conveyances and take the proper securities pursuant to the sale, and also directing concerning the application of the proceeds of the sale.
Therefore, it seems to be clear that such a final judgment must contain a direction concerning the application'of the proceeds of the sale, and that no distribution can be made before..the entry of such a final judgment. If it is claimed that such a final judgment was entered in the case at bar because the sale was confirmed, it may be answered that the proceeds of sale had not been received as contemplated by the final judgment, and consequently there was nothing from which these costs and expenses could be deducted. We think, therefore, that the referee stands in the same relation towards these defendants as though he had not made these disbursements and was seeking to recover that which he was entitled to recover by reason of his relation to them in the partition action. For the disbursements which he had made in reference to the sale, and for his fees as referee for the services which he had performed, he had a right of action as against the defendants (the plaintiffs in the partition action). But for the costs, which he paid out before he was authorized by law so to do, we do not see how he has any claim against the plaintiffs therefor.
The plaintiffs had the right to contest the question as to whether their attorney was entitled to any compensation for his services, and they could not be deprived of this right by a premature payment of such costs to such attorney. That the referee looked to the responsibility of the attorney in reference to this payment seems to be shown by the language of the receipt, because it is a personal obligation upon the part of the attorney to return -the money in case the sale should not be completed.
Much as we would like to relieve the referee from the unfortunate position in which his good nature seems to have placed him, we do not see upon what principle a recovery for these costs paid by him without authority could be had.
We think, therefore, that the judgment must be reversed, and a new trial had, with costs to appellant to abide event, unless the plaintiff stipulates to reduce the judgment by the amount of such costs and, in case such stipulation is given, the judgment, as so reduced, should be affirmed, without costs.
Daniels and Ingraham, JJ., concur.