Case Name: Robert Gair, App'lt, v. David Auerbach, Resp't
Court: New York Court of Common Pleas
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1895-06-03
Citations: 67 N.Y. St. Rep. 859
Docket Number: 
Parties: Robert Gair, App’lt, v. David Auerbach, Resp’t.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 67
Pages: 859–861

Head Matter:
Robert Gair, App’lt, v. David Auerbach, Resp’t.
(New York Common Pleas, General Term,
Filed June 3, 1895.)
1. Appeal — District court.
Upon an appeal from a district court, the' common pleas may examine the evidence and reverse the judgment if the conclusion is, in its opinion, unwarranted.
% Contract — Performance.
The contract for printing was held, in this case, to have been performed according to the copy.
. 8. Evidence — Custom.
In the absence of a special direction as to the manner of printing candy-boxes, evidence as to the mode in which such boxes were printed and made in the candy trade is inadmissible, in an action on a contract for the manufacture of such boxes.
Appeal from a judgment entered in favor of defendant.
John Jeroloman, for app’lt; Moses Esberg, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Bookstaver, J.
This action was brought to recover for goods sold and delivered. At the close of the plaintiffs case, the court dismissed the complaint, on the ground that " the goods made and delivered were not according to the sample furnished and were not according to the first proof furnished by the plaintiff to the defendant," and also on the ground that the plaintiff never completed the entire order. Plaintiff contends that this conclusion was not warranted by the evidence. On such a contention, it is our duty to examine the evidence, and to reverse the judgment if the conclusion is, in our opinion unwarranted. Schumacher v. Waring, 7 Misc. Rep. 161; 57 St. Rep. 539 ; Curley v. Tomlinson. 5 Daly, 283; Macniffe v. Ludington, 13 Abb. N. C. 407; Fixham v. Brown, 3 St. Rep. 608 ; Brown v. Sullivan, 1 Misc. Rep. 161; 48 St. Rep. 685: Siefke v. Siefke, 3 Misc. Rep. 81: 51 St. Rep. 761.
From the evidence it appears that, at defendant's request, the plaintiff undertook to make 50,000 paper boxes to be used in the candy trade, upon which was to be impressed certain printed matter. At the time the contract was entered into, there was submitted a copy of the matter to be printed, arranged in a certain way, so that the figure "5'' and the word " cents" showed on the two ends of the box when folded, and, if turned around horizontally on the larger plane surface, both of these would be-upright, but, if turned around perpendicularly, one of the two-would be upside down. There was also at the same time submitted a folded cardboard of the kind of box theretofore used by defendant, which showed on the ends a figure "5" and word " cents" so arranged that, if turned around horizontally, one would be upright and the other upside down. But the evidence does not disclose which of these two was to be followed in printing the order in question. It did in fact strictly conform to the arrangement of the copy furnished, proof of which was submitted to defendant, and approved by him. This alone would have justified the plaintiff in printing the matter as he did. Besides, in the absence of proof of any express agreement to the contrary, we think the presumption must be that it was intended by the parties that it should be printed according to the copy, and not according to the folded pasteboard, which was submitted, doubtless, merely for the purpose of showing the general arrangement of the parts. The plaintiff subsequently printed cardboards sufficient to make all or nearly all of the boxes ordered, and made up 1,500 of them, which were delivered to thedeféndant, who claimed that they were improperly printed in the respect above mentioned. He, however, did not return them, nor offer to return them. Subsequently, over 8,000 of the boxes were delivered and returned to the plaintiff, on the ground that they differed from the cardboard sample. The testimony shows that at one time the defendant claimed it was not according to the cardboard sample, and at another time not according to the copy furnished; but, as before shown, it was almost a Chinese reproduction of the copy. We, therefore, think that the court erred in finding that the boxes were not according to the copy furnished, and also that it was not according to sample, as there íb no proof that there was anything said as to the mode or manner of arranging the printed matter.
We also think the court erred, under these circumstances, in excluding the evidence as to the mode or manner in which such boxes were printed and made in the candy trade, as the plaintiff was clearly justified, in the absence of a special direction as to this matter, in following the usual mode in that trade.
As the judgment must be reversed for these errors, it is unnecessary to discuss the question as to whether or not the plaintiff was excused from a complete performance of the contract, as the evidence upon this point may be made clearer upon another trial.
Judgment reversed, and new trial ordered, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.