Case Name: Mary Murphy, Respondent, v. Franklin Savings Bank in the City of New York, Appellant, Impleaded with Patrick Murphy, Defendant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1909-04-16
Citations: 131 A.D. 759
Docket Number: 
Parties: Mary Murphy, Respondent, v. Franklin Savings Bank in the City of New York, Appellant, Impleaded with Patrick Murphy, Defendant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 131
Pages: 759–766

Head Matter:
Mary Murphy, Respondent, v. Franklin Savings Bank in the City of New York, Appellant, Impleaded with Patrick Murphy, Defendant.
First Department,
April 16, 1909.
Party — joint bank account — service by publication — necessity for service by mail— when omission reversible error.
Where a savings bank account is in the joint names of a husband and wife and the signatures of both are required to draw, the husband is a necessary party defendant in an action by the wife to recover the deposit.
Where it appears that the husband had gone to “The Klondike; ” that the plaintiff had heard from him three or four years before the trial at which time he was in Cleary City, Alaska, or Seattle, Alaska, and in June, 1906, she received a letter from a third party giving her husband’s address as Cleary City, Fairbanks, Alaska, an order lor service on him by publication should not dispense, with service by mail, and in so far as it attempts so to do it is void. •
Where the question as to the sufficiency of the service on the defendant husband has been directly raised, the error in dispensing with' service by mail calls for the reversal of a judgment for the wife.
Houghton, J., dissented, with opinion.
Appeal by the defendant, the Franklin Savings Bank in the City of Hew York, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Hew York on the 15th day of December, 1908, upon the report of a referee appointed to hear, try and determine the issues.
Wilson M. Powell, for the appellant.
Lincoln McCormack, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Laughlin, J.:
I am of the opinion that the judgment should be reversed upon the ground that jurisdiction of the defendant Patrick Murphy was not acquired by the service by publication.
The action is to recover the balance of a fund on deposit with the appellant to the credit of the plaintiff and of the defendant Patrick Murphy. The pass book indicates that it was a joint account, but the signature book of the bank, in which the signatures of the parties were entered at the time the account was opened, contains the entry, following the signatures and information concerning the parties required by the rules and regulations of the bank, as follows: " Both signatures required to draw."
The balance on deposit at the time the action was brought was the sum of $3,844.44. Prior to the opening of this joint account the plaintiff had the sum of $1,223.08 on deposit to her credit with the appellant. On the 29tli day of April, 1891, after plaintiff married the defendant Patrick Murphy, they both went to the bank, and she authorized the transfer of her individual account to their joint account. She testified upon the trial that she supposed that either of them, on the production of the bank book, could draw on the account; but she also testified that she knew that her money was transferred to the joint account, and that the signatures of both herself and her husband would be required when money was to be withdrawn.
The president of the appellant was permitted to testify, without objection • or exception, that although he did not superintend the transfer of the account, he knew from the records of the bank that it was changed to a joint account, and that the signatures of both were required to withdraw funds. It would seem that additional deposits to the credit of this account were made, but it does not appear that any money was withdrawn.
In these circumstances, it is evident that the defendant Patrick Murphy had an apparent interest in this account, and that he should be a party to any action by which the appellant is to be required to pay it over, in order that it may be protected against a subsequent action by him in which other facts may be proved tending to establish that he has an interest in this fund. He was, therefore, properly joined as a party defendant, and before trial or judgment service of process should be made upon him by which he will be foreclosed from asserting any claim against the appellant on account of the fund.
I think that the moving papers satisfactorily show that, in the exercise of due diligence, personal service could not be made upon him within this State; but, on the other hand, I am of opinion that the order in so far as it attempts to adjudicate that the affidavits were sufficient to satisfy the judge that the plaintiff could not " with reasonable diligence, ascertain a place or places where the defendant would probably receive matter transmitted through the post-office," as provided in section 440 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and dispenses with service by mail, was without evidence to support it, and, therefore, void. The question having been raised directly in the action, the court, perhaps, is not confined to an adjudication as to whether the proof was sufficient to sustain the judgment against collateral attack by the defendant Murphy, but may say that payment should not be ordered on unsatisfactory proof dispensing with service by mail. If so, then it is very clear from the testimony of the plaintiff given upon the trial that she knew from a letter which she had personally received from her husband, in answer to one which she had mailed to him through a third party some three or font years before the trial, that he was in Cleary City, Alaska, or Seattle, Alaska, and that he might contemplate asserting a claim to this fund, because according to her testimony, she had requested him, and he promised, to forward to her a power of attorney to authorize her to receive this account, which he never did. This precise information was not contained in the affidavit which was presented to the judge who dispensed with service by mail. The order for service by publication was based upon the affidavits of the plaintiff, her attorney, and of one Fay. These affidavits showed that the defendant Patrick Murphy had gone to the region known as "The Klondike;" that the plaintiff had heard from him on three or four occasions, but did not remember from whence the letters were written j that the last information concerning his whereabouts was contained in a letter which she received from a person in Vancouver, B. C., in the month of June, 1906, stating that his address at that time was Cleary City, Fairbanks, Alaska. The affidavit contained nothing tending to show any change in his address. It was alleged in the complaint also, that in June, 1906, plaintiff received a letter from a party in Vancouver, stating that her husband's address at that time was " Cleary City, Fairbanks, Alaska." It appears to be asserted on this appeal, for the first time, in the brief of counsel for plaintiff that Cleary City and Fairbanks are two different places and that together they did not constitute a proper post office address. This was not explained in the complaint or affidavits nor upon the trial, and the court should not now be called upon to speculate as to whether that was a proper post office address in June, 1906, or whether a letter so addressed would have reached the defendant Murphy. If this was a post office designation at that time, although Cleary City and Fairbanks are two separate post offices now, that is of no consequence, for the change in the name of the post office should have been cleared up by the affidavits; and even if Cleary City and Fairbanks were separate post office addresses at that time, still that would not have justified dispensing with service by mail, but would have required that the papers be mailed to the plaintiff at each post office, for it would be apparent that a mistake had been made as to one or the other. USTo explanation is offered as to why the plaintiff did not seek the address of her husband from the party through Avhom she had previously forwarded mail to him, or from the party who, in June, 1906, gave her his address. It was merely shown that a letter written by. the plaintiff's attorney to the postmaster at Cleary City and Fairbanks, Alaska, asking for the address of the defendant Murphy, was unanswered, and that an answer was received to a similar letter written by him to the postmaster at Vancouver, B. C,, to -the effect that the postmaster could not give tho information. These affidavits afforded no evidence of a change of address by the defendant Murphy. It is well known that postmasters are not at liberty to disclose the addresses of people unless special circumstances are presented; and as it does not appear that any special circumstances were presented which would justify the postmaster in disclosing the information, it is of no importance that in the one instance the letter was not answered, and in the other that an answer ivas received which may well have been intended to mean merely that the postmaster Avas not at liberty to divulge information on the subject. Assuming, therefore, without deciding the question, that in passing upon the sufficiency of the affidavits upon which the application for publication was made on a review of the trial in the action, we are to he guided by the principle that would be controlling in a collateral attack upon the judgment, still I am of the opinion that the affi davits showed an address of the defendant Murphy where it was probable that matter duly mailed to him would be received by him, and that, therefore, the service by mail could not properly and should not have been dispensed with.
It follows that the judgment should be reversed and a new trial granted, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.
Patterson, P. J., MoLaughlin and Clarke, JJ., concurred; Houghton, J., dissented.