Case Name: Randall W. PEARSON, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. UAW INTERNATIONAL UNION, UAW Local 140, Roy Wyse, and Stephen Yokich, jointly and severally, Defendants-Appellees
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2006-09-29
Citations: 199 F. App'x 460
Docket Number: No. 05-2414
Parties: Randall W. PEARSON, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. UAW INTERNATIONAL UNION, UAW Local 140, Roy Wyse, and Stephen Yokich, jointly and severally, Defendants-Appellees.
Judges: Before: DAUGHTREY, COLE, and GIBBONS, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 199
Pages: 460–462

Head Matter:
Randall W. PEARSON, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. UAW INTERNATIONAL UNION, UAW Local 140, Roy Wyse, and Stephen Yokich, jointly and severally, Defendants-Appellees.
No. 05-2414.
United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
Sept. 29, 2006.
William M. Hatchett, Hatchett, Dewalt & Hatchett, Pontiac, MI, for Plaintiff-Appellant.
Roger J. McClow, Klimist, McKnight, Sale, McClow & Canzano, Southfield, MI, for Defendants-Appellees.
Before: DAUGHTREY, COLE, and GIBBONS, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM.
This case is before us on appeal for the second time, following a remand to the district court. It has a convoluted procedural history in both federal and state court, dating back to plaintiff Randall Pearson's removal from the office of president of UAW Local 140 in 1997. That history is set out at length in our prior opinion, Pearson v. UAW Local 140, 99 Fed.Appx. 46 (6th Cir.2004), and need not be recited here. There we concluded that the only remaining claim was based on Pearson's allegation that the union had breached its fiduciary duty to him during events surrounding his removal from office. Id. at 55-56. The fiduciary duty claim was originally included in a lawsuit that Pearson filed in state court, and it was removed to federal court by the defendants on the ground that the claim was preempted by Section 301 of the Labor-Management Relations Act. The district court agreed that the claim was preempted by federal law and dismissed it with prejudice. We find no error and affirm.
As to the alleged breach of fiduciary duty, the complaint simply asserted, without offering any legal basis, that "as standing members of the UAW International Union and Local 140, each defendant stood in a fiduciary relationship of trust to Plaintiff." When later asked in his deposition if he was aware of "any document that establishes a fiduciary duty between yourself and the International UAW," the plaintiff replied, "UAW constitution" and "Local bylaws." He then cited specifically to the articles and sections of the constitution that "established a fiduciary relationship or . the kind of duties between the International or the president of the International or the secretary/treasurer of the International to local union officers" tantamount to a fiduciary relationship and reiterated that he was "relying on [those provisions] in this lawsuit as [establishing] a fiduciary relationship." It is clear to us, as it was to the district court, that resolution of the claimed breach of fiduciary duty would, therefore, necessarily require analysis of the UAW constitution to determine whether there was a basis for the asserted fiduciary relationship. It follows that the state law claim was preempted by Section 301 and was properly subject to dismissal by the district court.
In our previous opinion, we noted the Supreme Court's long-standing rule that "[a] state law claim is preempted if resolution of the state law claim is substantially dependent on analysis of a § 301 contract." 99 Fed.Appx. at 51 (citing Allis-Chalmers v. Lueck, 471 U.S. 202, 220, 105 S.Ct. 1904, 85 L.Ed.2d 206 (1985)). The test for such preemption in this circuit is whether proof of the state law claim would require the interpretation of collective bargaining agreement terms and, if so, whether the right claimed by the plaintiff is created by the collective bargaining agreement or by state law. DeCoe v. Gen. Motors Corp., 32 F.3d 212, 216 (6th Cir.1994). "If the right both is borne [sic] of state law and does not invoke contract interpretation, then there is no preemption. However, if neither or only one criterion is satisfied, section 301 preemption is warranted." Id. We observed in DeCoe that "the court is not bound by the 'well-pleaded complaint' rule, but rather, looks to the essence of the plaintiffs claim, in order to determine whether the plaintiff is attempting to disguise what is essentially a contract claim as a tort." Id. Given this precedent, it is not surprising that in the first appeal in this case, we also affirmed the district court's dismissal of the plaintiffs claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress because that claim "would require a court to analyze the terms of the UAW constitution." 99 Fed.Appx. at 53. Cf. Tisdale v. United Ass'n of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipefitting Industry of the U.S. and Canada Local 704, 25 F.3d 1308, 1310 (6th Cir.1994) (observing that Section 301 of the Labor-Management Relations Act has been interpreted to apply to intraunion suits requiring interpretation of union constitutions) (citing United Ass'n of Journeymen v. Local 334, 452 U.S. 615, 627, 101 S.Ct. 2546, 69 L.Ed.2d 280 (1981), and Wooddell v. Int'l Bhd. of Elec. Workers, 502 U.S. 93, 100, 112 S.Ct. 494, 116 L.Ed.2d 419 (1991)).
Based on this analysis, we hold that the district court's ruling that the plaintiffs breach-of-fiduciary-duty claim is preempted by federal law was not error. The court correctly concluded that the claim requires analysis of the UAW constitution to determine whether there was a fiduciary relationship to support the plaintiffs claim. Indeed, the plaintiff asserts in his brief on appeal to this court that "the UAW Constitution itself solidifies that fact that a fiduciary relationship exists." If the plaintiff has a remedy for the injury that he alleges was inflicted by the defendants, an issue upon which we offer no opinion, it cannot be based on the disputed state law claim asserted here.
The district court's order of dismissal is AFFIRMED.