Case Name: WILANN PROPERTIES I, LLC v. GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
Court: Court of Appeals of Georgia
Jurisdiction: Georgia
Decision Date: 2014-11-19
Citations: 330 Ga. App. 311
Docket Number: A14A0960
Parties: WILANN PROPERTIES I, LLC v. GEORGIA POWER COMPANY.
Judges: Barnes, R J., and Branch, J., concur.
Reporter: Georgia Appeals Reports
Volume: 330
Pages: 311–314

Head Matter:
A14A0960.
WILANN PROPERTIES I, LLC v. GEORGIA POWER COMPANY.
(765 SE2d 463)

Opinion:
Boggs, Judge.
This is the fourth appearance before us of this long-running dispute between a landowner, Wilann Properties I, LLC ("Wilann"), and Georgia Power Company ("Georgia Power") over a utility easement across Wilann's property. Wilann appeals from the trial court's denial of its motion to add a party. We conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion, and we therefore affirm.
The facts of the case, as well as the earlier appeals, are noted in its most recent appearance, Wilann Properties I v. Georgia Power Co., 321 Ga. App. 297 (740 SE2d 386) (2013). There, we affirmed the trial court's grant of summary judgment in favor of Georgia Power Company. Id. Our Supreme Court denied Wilann's petition for certiorari, and the remittitur issued on March. 25, 2013. On October 31, 2013, the trial court entered a "Final Judgment on Remittitur."
On December 2, 2013, Wilann filed a "Motion to Add Caffrey Construction Company as Counterclaim Defendant." With that motion, it filed a proposed second amended counterclaim, continuing to name Georgia Power as a defendant-in-counterclaim, making allegations against Georgia Power, as well as Caffrey Construction, and seeking relief against both. The trial court denied the motion, observing:
First, the Court is aware of no authority that provides that a party may be added to an action after the completion of the case. Furthermore, the Court finds that Wilann has not satisfied its burden of establishing lack of prejudice and excusable delay. Accordingly, Wilann's Motion to Add Caf-frey [Construction] Company as Counterclaim Defendant is hereby DENIED.
"The determination of whether a party should be added to a lawsuit lies within the discretion of the trial court, and that determination will not be disturbed on appeal absent a showing of abuse." (Citation, punctuation and footnote omitted.) Ellison v. Hill, 288 Ga. App. 415, 418 (2) (654 SE2d 158) (2007). Moreover, the burden is on the movant to show "whether the new part[y] will be prejudiced thereby and whether the movant has some excuse or justification for having failed to name and serve the new part[y] previously." (Citations, punctuation and footnote omitted.) Id. The trial court did not abuse its discretion here.
First, the trial court correctly observed that the action below had already terminated. Georgia Power did not move for summary judgment on fewer than all the issues in the case: its motion is styled "Georgia Power's Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiff's Complaint and Defendant's Counterclaim," and it explicitly moved "for summary judgment as to the claims in its complaint and as to defendant's counterclaims." In its response, Wilann never asserted that any of its claims were not subject to Georgia Power's motion, nor did it contend that the motion was only for partial summary judgment or for fewer than all issues in the case. Moreover, it acknowledged that "summary judgment is a peremptory method of disposing of a case on its merits" and that Georgia Power was required to "establish^ ] the absence of any issue for trial." Finally, Wilann made allegations of nuisance in its amended counterclaim six months before Georgia Power filed its motion for summary judgment.
In Kennedy Dev. Co. v. Newton's Crest Homeowners' Assn., 322 Ga. App. 39 (743 SE2d 600) (2013), we addressed a similar situation. The trial court denied summary judgment to a third-party defendant on a claim for contractual indemnity. See id. at 40-41. This court reversed, directing the entry of summary judgment for the third-party defendant, id. at 41, and the Supreme Court affirmed. After entry of judgment on the remittitur, the defendant attempted to amend its third-party complaint to assert a "common law indemnity" claim, contending that this claim had survived despite its consistent treatment of the summary judgment motion as addressing all claims in the third-party action. Id. The trial court granted summary judgment on the basis of res judicata, and we affirmed after examining the parties' pleadings, holding that the claim was "both ascer tainable in [the] original third-party complaint and ruled on in the grant of summary judgment, and it is therefore barred by res judi-cata." Id. at 44.
Similarly, Wilann's claims against Georgia Power in the proposed amended complaint are barred on res judicata grounds, and in the absence of any other parties (compare Kennedy, supra), the action terminated upon entry of the remittitur. Compare Crisler v. Hauga-book, 290 Ga. 863, n. 1 (725 SE2d 318) (2012) (summary judgment not "final judgment" and did not terminate action because trial court did not rule on all claims).
Wilann argues that it had claims in nuisance that were not adjudicated on summary judgment. But Wilann's pleadings prior to summary judgment, including its original counterclaim, its amended counterclaim, and its brief on summary judgment, asserted numerous claims that could be construed as sounding in nuisance. It claimed, inter alia, invasion of its property, "continued trespasses," "damages to [its] dam, possible water runoff in the graded areas, disturbance of an Indian burial ground, and disturbance of wetlands and Clean Water Act violations." Finally, it explicitly made claims of nuisance in its amended counterclaim, as we expressly noted in the first appeal of this case. 321 Ga. App. at 300.
OCGA § 9-11-56 (e) provides that in the face of a properly supported motion for summary judgment, an adverse party may not rest upon the mere allegations or denials of his pleading, but his response, by affidavits or as otherwise provided in this Code section, must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial. Consequently, in responding to a motion for summary judgment, plaintiffs have a statutory duty to produce whatever viable theory of recovery they might have or run the risk of an adjudication on the merits of their case.
(Citations and punctuation omitted.) Smith v. Lockridge, 288 Ga. 180, 186 (4) (702 SE2d 858) (2010); see also Kennedy, supra, at 43-44.
Wilann's cause of action in nuisance was expressly pleaded in its counterclaim as amended prior to summary judgment. Any nuisance claim therefore is barred by res judicata, and the action against Georgia Power terminated with the entry of final judgment on the remittitur, before Wilann attempted to add a party or file its second amended counterclaim. It therefore could not amend or add a party to an action that had already terminated.
Decided November 19, 2014
Reconsideration denied December 11, 2014
Chamberlain, Hrdlicka, White, Williams &Aughtry, Richard N. Hubert, for appellant.
Brinson, Askew, Berry, Seigler, Richardson & Davis, Robert M. Brinson, J. Anderson Davis, for appellee.
In addition, even assuming that the case survived summary judgment, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding that Wilann failed to meet its burden of demonstrating why it did not seek to add Caffrey Construction as a party at an earlier time. At the time of Georgia Power's Motion for Summary Judgment, filed on December 2, 2011, Wilann was aware that the clearing activities on its property were performed by Caffrey Construction and that Georgia Power was asserting Caffrey Construction's status as an independent contractor. Indeed, in its answer and counterclaim, filed on March 18, 2010, Wilann referred to "Georgia Power's contractors." But it never sought to add Caffrey Construction as a party, and it has articulated no reason why it failed to do so in light of the facts of this case.
"In determining whether to allow an amendment to add a party, the trial court may consider whether the new parties will be prejudiced thereby and whether the movant has some excuse or justification for having failed to name and serve the new parties previously." (Citation, punctuation and footnote omitted.) Riding v. Ellis, 297 Ga. App. 740, 742-743 (1) (678 SE2d 178) (2009); see also Ellison, supra, 288 Ga. App. at 418 (2). The trial court did not err in denying Wilann's motion for this additional reason.
Judgment affirmed.
Barnes, R J., and Branch, J., concur.