Case Name: Samuel Cooper, Respondent, v. Edward Jordan, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1909-12-03
Citations: 135 A.D. 718
Docket Number: 
Parties: Samuel Cooper, Respondent, v. Edward Jordan, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 135
Pages: 718–721

Head Matter:
Samuel Cooper, Respondent, v. Edward Jordan, Appellant.
Second Department,
December 3, 1909.
Master and. servant—negligence — injury by frazing machine — duty of employee — inspection — dangerous material.
An employee owes no duty to his employer to use material which he has reason to apprehend may be dangerous.
Where plaintiff had been working five or six months on a machine in defendant’s factory frazing canes, and was injured by a knot in a cane coming in contact with the disk of the machine in such a way as to throw his hand against .the teeth, and it appears that he was directed by the foreman-only to the extent of being told when to work on canes and when on umbrella handles; that no similar accident had ever happened; that plaintiff had noticed the knot before the accident and had not complained thereof, and that such knots had existed on canes on which he had worked before, a judgment in his favor will be reversed.
Appeal by the defendant, Edward Jordan, from a judgment of the Municipal. Court of.the city of New York in favor of the plain tiff, rendered on the 27th day óf May, 1909, in an action brought to recover damages for a personal injury alleged to have been sustained through the negligence of defendant’s foreman in failing to inspect materials given the plaintiff for his work, and also from an order denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
James F. Brady, for the appellant.
Goetz c& Goetz, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Rich, J.:
The plaintiff is an experienced frazer, and at the time of the accident had been in the defendant's employ some five months, during which time his work had consisted in frazing canes and umbrella handles. The machine upon which he worked is described as a convex steel disk, fastened in the center to a steel shaft, the disk revolving with the shaft. In the outward surface of the disk ridges or teeth were cut, against which the operator held the cane or handle to be frazed, the teeth smoothing it. Upon such a machine, and in this kind of work, the plaintiff had been employed between five and six months. He had been a frazer and worked on a similar machine before entering defendant's employ, but had worked on celluloid. He was directed in his work by defendant's foreman to the extent only as to when he should work on canes and when on umbrella handles. On the morning of the day of the accident the foreman said to him: " Oooper, take them dogwood canes and fraze them." The plaintiff accordingly took a bundle of dogwood canes and commenced work on them. He had worked for about two hours, when a knot came in contact with the teeth of the disk in such a manner as to throw the plaintiff's hand against the disk, resulting in a minor injury.
There was no evidence given upon the trial that the machinery or its appliances were defective, unsafe or unsuitable, and the Municipal Court justice eliminated such questions from the consideration of the jury, submitting to them the question whether or not the defendant's foreman, acting as his alter ego, furnished the plaintiff with safe and suitable materials. • The jury resolved the questions of fact in favor of the plaintiff. There is no evidence.in the case tending to show that the presence of a knot in a cane, when it came into the hands of the frazer for finishing, presented any element of danger. They had never been inspected before being frazed, either by the foreman or the plaintiff, and there is no proof of. any similar accident having happened. The f oreman testified that these knots were usually found in all of the canes and handles, and that no wood grown is free from knots. The plaintiff knew there was a knot in the cane he was finishing some little time before the accident happened, and an inspection by the foreman would have put the plaintiff in possession of no fact not known to him when he commenced work upon the particular cane> He had handled and worked upon many canes and holders every day for five or six months before the accident. Although he says he had not noticed, prior to the day he was injured, any knots in the canes and handles he had worked upon, this does not negative the evidence of the foreman' that such conditions existed. No complaint had been made to the defendant or his foreman o'f any danger to be apprehended from working on canes dr handles having knots in them, and if such danger was apparent to defendant or his foreman, it was equally apparent. .and obvious to the plaintiff,- and the duty of inspection rested no more upon the one than upon the other.
It is urged that the plaintiff had no right to reject any handles or canes furnished him to be frazed. There is no such proof in the case, and as matter of law an employee owes no duty to his employer to use material which he has reason to apprehend may be dangerous. The plaintiff knew all the facts, and his experience necessarily covered the whole situation. He was not in an unusual place,-engaged in an unusual business, or using material or machinery with which he was not familiar. Upon no other principle than that an employer is the absolute guarantor, and is liable for any injury which his employee may sustain in his service, can this judgment.be sustained — a principle so extraordinary that its mere statement is all that is needed to condemn it. The plaintiff failed to establish a cause of action, and defendant's motion for á nonsuit, as well as' that for a-new trial, should have been granted. (Damjanovic v. Herring-Hall-Marvin Safe Co., 119 App. Div. 12; Olcott v. Pas saic Steel Co., 122 id. 90; La Duke v. Hudson River Telephone Co., 124 id. 106; Gardner v. Schenectady R. Co., 128 id. 12.)
The judgment and order are reversed and a new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.
Woodward, Jenks, Burr and Miller, JJ., concurred.
Judgment and order of the Municipal Court reversed and new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.