Case Name: Reed v. Bott et al., Appellants
Court: Supreme Court of Missouri
Jurisdiction: Missouri
Decision Date: 1889-10
Citations: 100 Mo. 62
Docket Number: 
Parties: Reed v. Bott et al., Appellants.
Judges: Ray, O. J., absent; Barclay, J., dissents; the other judges concur.
Reporter: Missouri Reports
Volume: 100
Pages: 62–69

Head Matter:
Reed v. Bott et al., Appellants.
1. Fraudulent Conveyance: pleading. The facts constituting the fraud should be set out in a petition to set aside a conveyance because made to. defraud creditors.
2. Pleading: variance. The plaintiff cannot state one cause of action in his petition and recover upon another.
3. -: relief. He may, however, under the practice act have other and different relief from' that prayed for, but the decree, which is awarded him, must be warranted both by facts stated in the petition and by the evidence.
4. Equity Practice: issues : jury. Where equity cases are tried before a jury, proper issues should be framed.
Appeal from Scotland Circuit Court.—Hon. B. E. Turner, Judge.
Reversed and remanded.
W. L. Berkheimer with N. F. Givans for appellants.
(1) All of the evidence of the plaintiff was introduced upon the hypothesis and for the purpose of showing that John A. Bott purchased the lands, paid for them with his own money, that the title bond was made to him, that he was the obligee therein, that the name inserted therein was the name of the defendant, John A. Bott, and not the name of his father, John Bott, that the note was the note of John A. Bott, the defendant, and not the note of his father, John Bott, that the defendant, John A. Bott, paid the note and not his father, John Bott. The petition alleges the same and all of the evidence of the plaintiff was directed to the proof of these allegations. Yet the court in the face of all of this gave'the instructions asked by the plaintiff contradicting and inconsistent with all of the allegations of the petition. It was not only a failure of proof, but contradictory of the proof. A party cannot make one case by his pleadings and recover on a different state of facts. Bussell v. Whitley, 59 Mo. 196; Wolf v. Walter, 56 Mo. 292; McKnight t>. Bright, 2 Mo. 110; Moore v. McQollooh, 5 Mo. 141. The recovery must be pursuant to the allegations in the petition. (2) Even admitting that John A. Bott was actuated by a fraudulent intent, there is no evidence of any knowledge on the part of Mary E. Bott or of any participation therein by her which must be shown if plaintiffs rely on fraudulent acts as fraud in fact. Durhee v. Chambers, 57 Mo. 575; Sender son v. Henderson, 55 Mo. 534; Ames v.. Gilmore, 59 Mo. 537.
J. A. Whiteside and Frank Hagerman for respondent.
(1) The land in controversy not being paid for by the separate estate of Mary E. Bott belonged to John A. Bott and therefore passed by the sale under the judgment against him. Conrad v. Howard, 89 Mo. 217; Alexander ». Lydidk, 80 Mo. 341; McCoy «. Hyatt, 80 Mo. 130; McFerran v. Kinney, 22 Mo. App. 554; Blair v. Bailroad, 89 Mo. 383. Where a wife acquires property the rule is that the burden is, under all circumstances, upon her to clearly prove that she made the purchase with her separate means. Sloan v. Torrey, 78 Mo. 625; Weil r. Simmons, 66 Mo. 617; Plummer v. Frost, 81 Mo. 425; McFerran v. Kinney, 22 Mo. App. 554; Seitz v. Mitchell, 94 U. S. 580. (2) Upon the undisputed facts the transaction was fraudulent as a matter of law. Glidden v. Taylor, 16 Ohio St. 509; Bank v. Harney, 16 la. 141; Laing n. Cunningham, 17 la. 510; Seitz v. Mitchell, 94 U. S. 580; 20 N. J. Eq. 13. (3) The conveyance must be fraudulent as a matter of fact.

Opinion:
Black, J.
This is a suit in equity against John A. Bott and his wife, Mary E., to have a deed for seventy-three acres of land to her declared fraudulent, and to vest the title in the plaintiff.
The plaintiff purchased the property in 1885, under a judgment in favor of Max. Yesner against John A. Bott, rendered in March, 1884, on a note dated in March, 1882. The defendants appealed from a decree in favor of the plaintiff.
The first objection made by defendants is that the proof does not support the cause of action stated in the petition. The petition states that on the-day of -,'1881, defendant John A. Bott purchased of L. K. and Nancy Wilcox the following real estate: (describing it); that on the - day of September, 1884, John A. Bott paid the balance of the purchase price for the land, and, for the purpose of defrauding his creditors, instructed Wilcox and wife to execute a deed to Mary E. Bott, the wife of said John A. Bott; that the deed was made to her; the defendant, John A. Bott, intending thereby to defraud his creditors. The petition goes on to say : That on the thirtieth day of September, 1881, John A. Bott made a contract of purchase of the land, receiving a bond for a deed in the name of John Bott, which was, in fact, the true name of defendant, John A. Bott, and not the name of his father, whereby Nancy L. Wilcox and her husband bound themselves, upon the payment of three hundred and seventy-five dollars, in three years from the date thereof, with interest at the rate of eight per cent, per annum, to convey said lands to John A. Bott. After-wards, on the - day of -, 1884, said Nancy Wilcox and her husband made and executed a warranty deed to Mary E. Bott, and, afterwards, on the-day of-, 1885, they made a second deed to Mary E. Bott. And plaintiff shows that said property, in fact, belonged to J. A. Bott, and he, for the purpose (Mary E. Bott participating therein) of hindering, cheating, defrauding and delaying his creditors, purchased the same, paid for it, and caused the deed to be made to his said wife, etc.
The proof shows beyond all question that the bond for the title was made by Wilcox and wife to John Bott, who was the father of John A. Bott. ' John Bott says he made the first payment to Wilcox, namely, three hundred and fifty dollars, and this statement is not controverted. He also executed his note for the deferred payment of three hundred and seventy-five dollars, and when it became due he paid it, and had the deed made to Mrs. John A. Bott. The first deed to her was made in California, and was defective, if not worthless, and the second was made in correction of the first.
Prior to 1881, John A. Bott was engaged in a mercantile business, and, in that year, his property was damaged by fire. He then compromised with his existing creditors and went to the state of Texas. He returned to this state in one or two years; and Mr. Sisson, who was the father of Mrs. John A. Bott, conveyed to her some two hundred acres of his home farm, reserving a life-estate therein. In March, 1888, Mr. Sisson leased his life-estate to John A. Bott at a small rental., the lessor to live on the farm with his daughter and her husband, John A. Bott and his wife moved to this farm and carried on a farming business until November, 1884, in the name of the wife. John Bott, father of John A. Bott, says he furnished Mrs. John A. Bott money to buy farming machinery, and agreed to let her have the Wilcox seventy-three acres of land at the price which he had agreed to pay for it, expecting to be repaid the money advanced and for the land out of the proceeds of the farm. There is still due him at least four hundred dollars. He had the Wilcox deed made to her, as he had agreed to let her have the land. The plaintiff insists that John A. Bott was insolvent, and that he carried on this farm in the name of his wife to defraud his creditors, and that the payments made to John Bott were made from the proceeds of the labor of John A. Bott, and that in equity the land conveyed to Mrs. Bott belonged to her husband, and was subject to his debts.
Now, by reference to the petition, it will be seen that it proceeds on the theory that John A. Bott purchased the land from. Wilcox and wife; that he made the first payment to them; that he was the obligee in the bond, and that he made the last payment to them from his own means. The proof does not support any of these allegations. The land was purchased and paid for by John Bott. If there is any fraud in the case, it is in the transaction by which the land was acquired from John Bott, and in the methods by which payments were made to him. This transaction is not set up in the petition at all. The petition is so framed as to exclude the idea that there ever was any such transaction. It is insisted, however, that all these averments, which áre not proved, may be disregarded, and that the decree dkn stand on the allegation that "the property in fact belonged to defendant John A. Bott." This averment is but the pleader's conclusion from the statements before made.
A general allegation of fraud is not 'sufficient; the facts constituting the fraud should be set out and detailed in the petition. Bliss on Code Plead. [2 Ed.] sec. 211; Smith v. Sims, 77 Mo. 269.
The plaintiff cannot state one cause of action in the petition and recover upon another. Under the practice act, he may have other and different relief from that prayed for; but the decree which is awarded him must be warranted both by facts stated in the petition and by the proof. Newham v. Kenton, 79 Mo. 382; Baldwin v. Whaley, 78 Mo. 186; Ross v. Ross, 81 Mo. 84. As before stated, if there is any fraud, in fact or in law, in the case, it is in the transaction by "which the property was acquired from John Bott, and the circumstances in respect thereto should be set out. The practice act is liberal in allowing amendments, and the pleadings and proof should be made to correspond.
In remanding.this cause, we suggest that, if it be again tried before a jury, issues be framed. It is quite out of the question to satisfactorily review a case where it has been tried in disregard of established rules of procedure. On the present' state of the pleadings, we shall not attempt to pass upon the case presented by the evidence. The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded.
Ray, O. J., absent; Barclay, J., dissents; the other judges concur.