Case Name: The People of the State of New York ex rel. John Fogarty, Appellant, v. Bernard J. York and Others, as Police Commissioners of the City of New York, Respondents
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1899
Citations: 43 A.D. 433
Docket Number: 
Parties: The People of the State of New York ex rel. John Fogarty, Appellant, v. Bernard J. York and Others, as Police Commissioners of the City of New York, Respondents.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 43
Pages: 433–438

Head Matter:
The People of the State of New York ex rel. John Fogarty, Appellant, v. Bernard J. York and Others, as Police Commissioners of the City of New York, Respondents.
Village of Jamaica— the appointment of special policemen held not to constitute a “ police force” under section 280 of the Greater New Torh charter.
The board of trustees of the village of Jamaica, which was empowered to organize “a sufficient body of police to suppress riots and preserve order” (Laws of 1855, chap. 264, tit. 4, § 1), on August 10, 1897, appointed a special policeman to patrol a certain street in the village every night, and on September 14, 1897, appointed six policemen to serve on a parade day, and on October 19, 1897, authorized the park committee to employ a policeman on the park property. No provision was made in the village tax budget for 1897 for the maintenance of a police force, and the services of the special policeman appointed by the park committee were paid for on warrants at the rate of two dollars per day.
Meld, that the trustees of the village had not organized, or assumed to organize, a police force such as was contemplated by section 280 of the Greater New York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 878), which provides that, each patrolman of the police force of any town or village in that part of the county of Queens included in the city of New York, shall be a member of the police: force of the "latter city; and that the special policeman appointed by the park committee was not a patrolman within the meaning and intent of that section, and h'ence was not entitled to recognition as a member of -the new force under section 376 of that act. •
Appeal by the relator, John Fogarty, from ■ an order of the Supreme Court, made at the Queens County Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Queens on the 12th day of January, 1899, denying the relator’s application for a> peremptory writ of mandamus commanding the respondents to-recognize him as a member of the police force of the city of New York.
Burt Jay Humphrey, for the appellant.
William J. Carr, for the respondents.

Opinion:
Willard Bartlett, J.:
Section 280 of the Greater New York charter provides as follows: " The captain and each sergeant, roundsman and patrolman of the: police force of the county of 'Richmond, or of any town or village in that part of the county of Queens included in The City of New York, as hereby constituted, shall be members of the police force specified in section'two hundred and seventy-six of this act,"
Section 276 prescribes the composition of the police force of the consolidated city.
The relator claims, to have been a policeman -of the village of Jamaica- at the time when these portions of ,the charter took effect, and as such to have been entitled to recognition as a member of the new force under section 276. This recognition was -denied him by the police commissioners, and the court at Special Term has held.' that they were right in their refusal to comply with his demand.
The statute under which, the village of Jamaica was governed at the time of the relator's employment empowered the board of trustees to organize, at such time or times as they deemed the interests-of the village required, "a sufficient body of police to suppress-riots and preserve order," and to allow the police such compensation-as they might deem just and reasonable. (Laws of 1855, chap. 264.)
In order to ascertain the precise character of the relator's position in the service of the village we must coniine our attention to. the undisputed facts which are disclosed by the record, without regard to the conclusions which the various affiants draw from those facts.
The minutes of the board of trustees of Jamaica show action as follows in respect to the employment of policemen :
August 10, 1897, the passage of a resolution appointing a special policeman to patrol Fulton street from Ackroyd avenue to Flushing avenue every night and all night.
September 2, 1897, the passage of a resolution that the salary of one Thomas Tevelin, as such special policeman, be fixed at the sum of sixty dollars per month.
September '2, 1.897, the reception, reading and placing on file of a petition asking for the' appointment of the relator as a special policeman.
September 14, 1897, the adoption of a resolution authorizing the placing of six policemen on duty for September 16, 1897 — that being the day of a fireman's parade in the village — the same to be paid three dollars a day.
October 7, 1897, the audit of a bill of three dollars in favor of the relator.
October 19, 1897, the adoption of a resolution authorizing the park committee " to employ an additional policeman on the park property," the minutes further reciting that " John Fogarty was appointed as such and furnished with the proper badge."
The minutes of the board of trustees also show the payment of warrants to John Fogarty for police service as follows: November 4, 1897, $22; December 2, 1897, $60; December 29, 1897, $62. It is to be observed, however, that 'in the village tax budget for 1897 no provision whatever was made for the maintenance of any police force.
From the "facts which have been stated, I think the fair and reasonable inference is, that the trustees of the village never organized or assumed to organize any such police force as was contemplated by section 280 of the Greater New York charter, and I agree with the learned judge, who heard the case at Special Term, that the relator's police employment was of a special character which did not constitute him a patrolman within the meaning and intent of that section. The term special policeman is ordinarily used to designate one who is not' a member of a permanent and organized police force,' but who merely engages to do temporary police duty in a particular place or on a special occasion. The petition for the relator's appointment asked only that he be made a special policeman, and the restriction of his functions to the park property showed that it was only as a special policeman that he was employed.
The case is not at all like that of The People ex rel. Wohlfarth v. York (33 App. Div. 573). There it appeared without contradiction that the village of College Point, more than six months before the Greater blew York charter took effect, was lawfully maintaining an organized police force, consisting of a captain, a sergeant and six patrolmen. So far as the papers on the present application show, the nearest approach which Jamaica had to a police force consisted of Thomas Tevelin, a special policeman expressly so denominated in the resolution of appointment, who was employed to patrol Certain specified streets at a compensation equivalent to two dollars a' day, and John Fogarty, the relator, who was. likewise simply a special policeman employed to protect the village park property at a like rate. I cannot believe that the Legislature intended to place these men permanently on the payroll of the consolidated city. The police force of a village, to be transferable by the. operation of section 280 of the charter, had to be something more of an organization than appears to have existed in Jamaica.
For these reasons, and those given by Mr. Justice Garbetsoit in his opinion at Special Term, I think the order appealed from should be affirmed.
All concurred.
Order affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.
Laws of 1897, chap. 878.— [Rep.
Tit. 4, § 1.— [Rep.
The following is the opinion at the Special Term:
Gabbetson, J. :
The relator's allegation, that he was appointed a police officer of the village of Jamaica prior to January 1, 1898, and was acting as such on that day when the Greater Sew York charter came into effect, is qualified hy the record of the proeeedingslof the hoard of trustees of the village, which are incorporated in the papers submitted in opposition by respondents and particularly , in the affidavit of Duncan Mclnnis. The statement of the record of the trustees thus presented is made affirmatively, and not having been traversed hy the relator must be regarded as truly setting forth the facts. It is inferable therefrom that no "police force" had been established in the village, and the fact that no provision was made in the tax budget for 1897 for the salary of any police or the maintenance of a police department tends to confirm the inference.
From September 2, 1897, the relator actéd for the village as a special policeman, and performed occasional and not continuous duty for which he was paid three dollars per day until October nineteenth, when by resolution of the trustees " The Park Committee were authorized to employ an additional policeman on the park property. John Fogarty was appointed as such and furnished with the proper badge." Under the appointment laist referred to the relator was paid sixty dollars for November and sixty-two dollars for December, being at the rate of two dollars per day. The foregoing constitutes substantially the entire record of the relator's employment and compensation as a police officer of the village, so. so far as the same is disclosed by the minutes of the board of' trustees.
I am of the opinion that the relator's police employment and service were special and individual and arose under the general power; which the trustees might properly exercise as occasion required; and inasmuch as the relator has not shown that the village of Jamaica had prior to • consolidation established a police force of which he was a member and provided for its maintenance by taxation, a proper case has not been made out for the granting of the writ asked for. Section 280 of the Greater New York charter is as follows: " The captain and each sergeant, roundsman and patrolman of the police force of the county of Richmond, or of any town or village in that part of the county of Queens included in The City of New York, as hereby constituted, shall be members of the police force specified in section two hundred and seventy-six of this act."
The section refers to a "police force" existing and established'as such, and was not intended to include a person acting under a special and casual appointment for the performance of a particular police duty. It cannot with propriety be claimed that the relator was the "police force" of the village, and in the absence of evidence of ^ associates, such must be the holding if the contention of the counsel for the relator is to be acceded to;
In the determination of this motion I hav'e not deemed it heedful to consider the affidavits of the former trustees of "the village, which are of doubtful competence so' far as they relate to unrecorded minutes of official acts of the board of which they were members.
The motion for a peremptory writ of mandamus is denied.