Case Name: John Robinson, as Administrator, Resp't, v. The Ocean Steam Navigation Co., App'lt
Court: New York Superior Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1888-06-20
Citations: 16 N.Y. St. Rep. 871
Docket Number: 
Parties: John Robinson, as Administrator, Resp’t, v. The Ocean Steam Navigation Co., App’lt.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 16
Pages: 871–873

Head Matter:
John Robinson, as Administrator, Resp’t, v. The Ocean Steam Navigation Co., App’lt.
(New York Superior Court, General Term,
Filed June 20, 1888.,
1. Jurisdiction—Non-resident plaintiff—Foreign corporation defenddant—Code Civil Pro., § 1780.
No court of this state has jurisdiction under section 1780 of Code Civil Procedure of an action arising) out of the state between a plaintiff, who is a non resident, and a foreign corporation.
2. Same—When objection to jurisdiction may be taken.
The attention of the court may be turned at any stage of an action to its want of jurisdiction, and it may then declare to the parties that for that reason the proceedings from the beginning had no legal efficacy, and that no further proceedings should be taken. This may be competently done by setting aside the summons and all that followed.
8. Same—Cannot be remedied by action op a judge.
No action of a judge can confer power upon a court when the state has not given it. The court can only ascertain what jurisdiction has been given. Any supposed neglect of a state to establish courts of sufficient jurisdiction cannot be remedied by the action of a judge or court.
Appeal from an order denying defendant’s motion to vacate the summons and dismiss the complaint.
Lawrence Godkin, for app’lt; Thomas F. Thikes, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Sedgwick, Ch. J.
On the motion below it appeared clearly that the plaintiff was a non-resident of this state, that the defendant was a foreign corporation and that the cause of action did not arise within this state. No court of this state had jurisdiction of the action. Section 1780, Code of Civil Procedure.
We must follow the case of Brooks v. Mexican National Construction Co. (50 Sup. Ct. 281), that decides that the court is not in possession of jurisdiction against the force of the statute when, as here, the defendant had not declared in his answer that there is no jurisdiction, and that a waiver of the defense of no jurisdiction because of non-residence in the city is not a waiver of the objections that are grounded upon non-residence in the state.
The learned counsel for respondent agrees, however, that the plaintiff, although otherwise a non-resident of this state, became for the purpose of this action a resident of the state, by force of the letters of administration granted to him in this county. I do not recognize the proposition to be valid. The non-residence of the plaintiff was determined by the existence of certain facts before letters were issued to him. By the statute such letters may be issued to a non-resident. The letters did not destroy any of the facts which made him a non-resident. After the letters were issued he remained a non-resident and ever since has been a non-resident.
While it is certain that the cause of action alleged is not. local and is transitory, that consideration does not take the case out of the 1780th section of the Code, which maks a condition precedent of jurisdiction, that the cause of action should arise within this state. A transitory cause may arise within any state. This was a transitory cause that arose without the state.
The action was not for damages to the intestate for the breach of a supposed contract with her, to carry her safely, etc. The only demand of damages in the complaint is for such as resulted in her death to her next of kin. The action was in tort under Lord Campbell's^ Act.
I am of opinion that the attention of the court may be turned at any stage of an action to its want of jurisdiction, like the want here, and it may then declare to the parties that, for that reason, the proceedings from the beginning had no legal efficacy, and that no further proceedings should be taken. This may be competently done by setting aside the summons and all that followed.
It does not appear that granting the motion would have violated section two, article four of the Constitution of the United States, which provides that "the citizens of_ each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states." Xo action of a judge can confer power upon a court when the state has not given it. The court can only ascertain what jurisdiction has been given. Any supposed neglect of a state to establish courts of sufficient jurisdiction cannot be remedied by the action of a judge or court.
The case of Popfinger v. Yutte (102 N. Y., 42; 1 N. Y. State Rep., 334), is confined to jurisdictional defects mentioned in section 263 of the Code.
I am of the opinion that the order appealed from should be reversed, and that the motion should be granted, with ten dollars costs.
Freedman and Trtjax, JJ., concur.