Case Name: ELI HYMAN, Appellant v. BOSTON CHAIR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Respondent
Court: New York Superior Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1890-06-27
Citations: 26 Jones & S. 282
Docket Number: 
Parties: ELI HYMAN, Appellant v. BOSTON CHAIR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: Reports of cases argued and determined in the Superior Court of the city of New York
Volume: 58
Pages: 282–284

Head Matter:
ELI HYMAN, Appellant v. BOSTON CHAIR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Respondent.
Eviction of tenant, what will constitute—Quiet enjoyment, covenant for implied; breach of covenant when.
It is enough to constitute an eviction of a tenant, that he yields possession to the person having legal title, or to the person who has been adjudged to be entitled to the possession, he need not wait to be forcibly ejected.
A covenant for quiet enjoyment will be implied in a verbal lease for a definite term.
A breach of such covenant occurs where the lessee is evicted by one having a superior right to both him and his' lessor.
Before Truax and O’Gorman, JJ..
Decided June 27, 1890.
Appeal from a judgment dismissing the complaint. The action was brought, to recover damages for the breach of a covenant for quiet and peaceable enjoyment under a lease.
On or about the 6th day of August, 1888, plaintiff entered the premises mentioned in the complaint under a verbal lease with the defendant, which lease was to expire on the first day of May," 1889. The plaintiff remained in occupation of the premises until about the 9th day of November, 1888. On that day and after he had paid the rent for the month of November he was served with a copy of a precept requiring him forthwith to remove from the premises mentioned in the complaint. The summary proceedings were instituted by the superior landlord of the plaintiff and of the defendant. Both plaintiff and defendant were made parties to the summary proceedings. They resulted in a final order and judgment awarding the possession and the delivery of the premises to the superior landlord ; and thereupon, after the entry of the judgment, the plaintiff surrendered the premises.
Samuel F. Hyman, attorney and of counsel, for appellant,
cited Home Life Ins. Co. v. Sherman, 46 N. Y. 370.
Benjamin E. Hall, attorney and of counsel, for respondent,
cited Waldron v. McCarty, 3 Johns. 471 ; Koitz v. Carpenter, 5 lb. 120 ; Kerr v. Shaw, 13 lb. 236 ; Whitbeck v. Cook, 15 lb. 485 ; Mead v. Stackpole, 40 Hun, 473 ; Peck v. Knickerbocker Ice Co., 18 lb. 183.

Opinion:
By the Court.—Truax, J.
It is not necessary, in order to constitute an eviction, that the tenant be dispossessed or deprived of the demised premises' by process of law. It is enough if the tenant yield the possession of the premises to the person having the legal title thereto, or to the person who has been adjudged to be entitled to the possession of the premises. American & English Encyclopedia of Law, Vol. VII. p. 36, and cases cited.
The rule to be gathered from all the authorities, said the Court of Appeals in Home Life Insurance Company v. Sherman, 46 N. Y. 373, and which accords with good sense, is that when a judgment of a competent court has determined that a tenant shall' deliver possession of demised premises to a particular person, he need not wait to be forcibly ejected but may acquiesce in the judgment of the court and voluntarily obey its mandate.
It would be unreasonable to insist that plaintiff should have remained in the premises until he had actually been dispossessed by a marshal and.his property put out on the sidewalk. There was a judgment of a competent court, made in a proceeding to which both plaintiff and defendant were parties, that determined that the premises should be delivered to a person who had a better right to them than either plaintiff or defendant had. Plaintiff obeyed that judgment, and by so doing was evicted and the covenant of quiet enjoyment was broken.
Judgment reversed and a new trial ordered, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.
O'Gorman, J., concurred.