Case Name: DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH v. TOMPKINS
Court: Michigan Court of Appeals
Jurisdiction: Michigan
Decision Date: 1971-05-26
Citations: 34 Mich. App. 114
Docket Number: Docket No. 10028
Parties: DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH v. TOMPKINS
Judges: Before: R. B. Burns, P. J., and Holbrook and Levin, JJ.
Reporter: Michigan appeals reports; cases decided in the Michigan Court of Appeals.
Volume: 34
Pages: 114–120

Head Matter:
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH v. TOMPKINS
Original Opinion
1. Licenses — Agricultural Labor Camps — Unlicensed Operation —Evidence.
Finding that defendants were operating an agricultural labor camp without a license was proper where the evidence showed that defendants employed and housed on their farm more than five out-of-county workers and defendants admitted the employment of more than five such workers and their failure to apply for a license to operate an agricultural labor camp (MCLA §§ 286.621, 286.622).
On Behearing
2. Constitutional Law — Statutes—Parties—Standing.
One cannot attack a statute on the ground that its application denies constitutional protection to others.
3. Licenses — Agricultural Labor Camps — Constitutional Law— Equal Protection — Parties—Standing.
Defendants, operators of an unlicensed agricultural labor camp, do not have standing to attack the statute requiring licensing either on the ground that it discriminates against nonagrieultural migratory workers or on the ground that because it applies only when five or more migratory workers are engaged in agricultural activities, it discriminates against smaller numbers of agricultural migratory workers (MCLA § 286.621 et seq.).
4. Licenses — Agricultural Labor Camps — Migratory Workers— Statutes — Definition—Due Process.
The term “migratory Workers”, as used in the act requiring persons who operate agricultural labor camps for more than five migratory workers to obtain a license, means those workers who move in response to the demand for seasonal labor and is reasonably certain, and its use therefore does not constitute a denial of due process (MCLA § 286.621 et seq.).
Beferences for Points in Headnotes
[1, 3,4] 5 Am Jur 2d, Agriculture §§ 8, 9.
[2] 16 Am Jur 2d, Constitutional Law § 119 et séq.
Appeal from Grand Traverse, Charles L. Brown, J.
Submitted Division 3 May 5, 1971.
(Docket No. 10028.)
Decided May 26, 1971.
Opinion on rehearing released August 12,1971.
Complaint for injunction by the Michigan Department of Health against O. M. Tompkins and Bess Tompkins to restrain defendants from operating an unlicensed agricultural labor camp and from permitting persons to use facilities on their property which had been found unfit for human habitation. Permanent injunction granted. Defendants appeal.
Affirmed.
Frank J. Kelley, Attorney General, Robert A. Derengoski, Solicitor General, and Mmine Boord Virtue, Milton I. Firestone, and Arthur E. D’Hondt, Assistants Attorney General, for plaintiff.
John Rae, for defendants.
Before: R. B. Burns, P. J., and Holbrook and Levin, JJ.

Opinion:
Original Opinion
Per Curiam.
At trial level defendants were permanently enjoined from operating an agricultural labor camp without a license as required by the agricultural labor camps act or permitting persons to use facilities on their premises which had been found to be unfit for human habitation.
Plaintiff, who is given responsibility for enforcement of the agricultural labor camps act , had received a letter from defendants early in 1970 wherein defendants stated they would not operate an agricultural labor camp in 1970. Three months later plaintiff's field representative went to defendants' cherry orchard and allegedly discovered that defendants were, in fact, operating an agricultural labor camp without a license.
The trial court's findings of fact agree with the plaintiff's allegations:
"1. That the defendants, O. M. Tompkins and Bess Tompkins, are operating a cherry orchard located at 17107 Center Road, Peninsula Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan and are providing living facilities on said premises for more than twenty (20) agricultural workers and their families, who are being paid by said defendants for harvesting cherries at said orchard, and who are not residents of Grand Traverse County.
"2. That said living facilities on said defendants-appellants aforesaid premises are unfit for human habitation and use, posing a threat to the health and welfare of the agricultural workers and their families residing in and using said facilities, and jeopardizing the public health.
"3. That said facilities and premises are subject to the provisions of Act 289, PA 1965, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, that said premises are not licensed under the provisions of said law, rules, and regulations, and no application for a license was made pursuant to said law, rules, and regulations because defendant-appellant O. M. Tompkins testified the defendants-appellants know an application would be denied, and the said premises and living facilities in their present condition do not meet the requirements of said law, rules, and regulations.
"4. That irreparable injury will result if this judgment does not issue, and as defendant O. M. Tompkins testified, the defendants-appellants will suffer no damage by the issuance of this judgment."
On appeal defendants claim that the evidence before the trial judge was not sufficient to support the injunction and therefore should be set aside by this Court. We review the testimony mindful of the rule that we cannot substitute our opinion for that of the trial judge unless his findings are clearly erroneous. GCR 1963, 517.1. See, also, Potter v. Speer (1969), 16 Mich App 329.
The agricultural labor camps act requires an operator of an "agricultural labor camp" to obtain a license from the state health commissioner before operating such a camp. Defendants argue that they do not need an operator's license since they do not operate an agricultural labor camp. *"Agricultural labor camp" is defined in the act as:
"A tract of land and all tents, vehicles, buildings or other structures pertaining thereto, and part of which is established, occupied or used as living quarters for 5 or more migratory workers engaged in agricultural activities, including related food processing."
It is the opinion of this Court that there was sufficient evidence to support the trial court's finding that defendants were operating an agricultural labor camp without a license. More than five out-of-county workers were employed by defendants and were housed on defendants' farm. Mr. Tompkins admitted that he had more than five workers and that he had not applied for a license to operate an agricultural labor camp.
Defendants' attack on the act's constitutionality will not he considered since they did not present this issue in the trial court proceedings.
Affirmed. Costs to plaintiff.
MCLA § 286.621 et seq. (Stat Ann 1968 Rev § 17.424[1] et seq.).
MCLA § 286.631 (Stat Ann. 1968 Kev § 17.424[11]).
MCLA § 286.622 (Stat Ann 1968 Rev § 17.424[2]).
Defendants do not challenge the validity of plaintiff's determination that the living facilities on their property were unsafe, unsanitary, unfit for human habitation, and a threat to the public health.
MCLA § 286.621 (Stat Ann 1968 Rev § 17.424[1]).
Mr. Tompkins was not ignorant of the law in this area. He had applied for and had received a license to operate an agricultural labor camp in 1966, 1967 and 1968. Since Mr. Tompkins' living facilities were deficient in those years he was granted a "provisional license" each year. See MOLA § 286.624(a) (Stat Ann 1968 Rev § 17.424[4][a]).
See Broohkale Cemetery Association v. Lewis (1955), 342 Mich 14; Mitchell v. Grewal (1953), 338 Mich 81; Diggs v. State Board of Embalmers and Funeral Directors (1948), 321 Mich 508; Bullerman v. Employment Security Commission (1970), 25 Mich App 242.