Case Name: Ronald B. McCOY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee
Court: Florida District Court of Appeal
Jurisdiction: Florida
Decision Date: 1994-02-11
Citations: 632 So. 2d 181
Docket Number: No. 93-134
Parties: Ronald B. McCOY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
Judges: PETERSON, J., concurs specially with opinion.
Reporter: Southern Reporter, Second Series
Volume: 632
Pages: 181–184

Head Matter:
Ronald B. McCOY, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.
No. 93-134.
District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fifth District.
Feb. 11, 1994.
James B. Gibson, Public Defender, and Brynn Newton, Asst. Public Defender, Day-tona Beach, for appellant.
Robert A. Butterworth, Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Anthony J. Golden, Asst. Atty. Gen., Daytona Beach, for appellee.

Opinion:
DAUKSCH, Judge.
Appellant, Ronald McCoy, timely appeals a sentence for armed robbery with a deadly weapon, false imprisonment and grand theft.
Appellant was charged by information with armed robbery with a firearm or deadly weapon, false imprisonment and grand theft. He entered a negotiated plea of nolo conten-dere to the offenses of armed robbery with a deadly weapon, false imprisonment and grand theft with the special stipulation that the trial court could depart from the sentencing guidelines and sentence him up to 10 years without a written reason. The plea agreement provided that the offenses to which he pled were punishable by a maximum of life plus 10 years.
The issue at the sentencing hearing was whether appellant should be sentenced as a juvenile or as an adult. Appellant said that he was 18 years old but the prosecutor explained that he was 17 when he committed the instant offenses. Appellant's case manager, Mr. Witherspoon, recommended that appellant be placed under the supervision of the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. Witherspoon explained that appellant was on HRS community control at the time the offenses in this case occurred. He said that appellant had not benefited from the juvenile justice system because he had never been placed in any level of its commitment facilities, including the level 8 program, which is the highest. Witherspoon acknowledged that appellant would only be permitted to stay in the level 8 program for eleven more months until he was 19 years old. He also admitted that it was within the discretion of the departmental officials as to whether he could remain in the program until he attained age 19.
At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial court said that it was going to treat appellant as an adult because "everything considered," juvenile sanctions were insufficient to correct his behavior. Following the hearing, the court adjudicated appellant guilty of the crimes to which he had pled and sentenced him to a term of 7 years followed by 15 years probation for the robbery offense, a concurrent term of 5 years for the false imprisonment offense and a term of 5 years for the grand theft offense, to be served concurrently with the sentence for the robbery offense. He was additionally ordered to pay the victim restitution in the amount of $4,506.42 at the rate of $50 per week.
Appellant contends on appeal that the trial court's reasons for sentencing him as an adult rather than as a juvenile do not comply with section 39.059(7)(c), Florida Statutes (1991). We agree. Section 39.059(7)(c) requires the trial court to consider six criteria when determining the suitability or nonsuita-bility of adult sanctions. In Troutman v. State, 630 So.2d 528 (Fla.1993), the supreme court recently reiterated that the trial court is required to consider each of the criteria set forth in section 39.059(7)(c), Florida Statutes (1991) before considering the suitability of adult sanctions. Relying in part upon two decisions from this court, the court reiterated that:
In so doing, the trial court must give an individualized evaluation of how a particular juvenile fits within the criteria. Mere eonclusory language that tracks the statutory criteria is insufficient. Jackson v. State, 588 So.2d 1085 (Fla. 5th DCA 1991); Youngblood v. State, 560 So.2d 409 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990); Ervin v. State, 561 So.2d 423 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990).
Id. 630 So.2d at 531. See also Kelly v. State, 605 So.2d 990 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992); Tighe v. State, 571 So.2d 83 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990).
The trial court's reasons for sentencing appellant as an adult in this case do not comport with section 39.059(7)(e) because the court did not give an "individualized evaluation" of how appellant fit within the criteria. Rather, it merely provided eonclusory language tracking the statutory criteria. The criteria pertaining to appellant's prior record is the only instance in which the court expounded upon the statutory language by reasoning that appellant's prior record showed a "complete lack of respect of others' safety and property rights." The statute and the trial court's reasons for sentencing appellant as an adult rather than as a juvenile are set forth as follows:
Statutory Criteria
1. The seriousness of the offense to the community and whether the protections of the community requires adult disposition.
2. Whether of offense was committed in an aggressive, violent, premeditated, or willful manner.
3. Whether the offense was against persons or against property, greater weight being given to offenses against persons, especially if personal injury resulted.
4. The sophistication and maturity of the child.
5. The record and previous history of the child, including:
a. Previous, contacts with the department, the Department of Corrections, other law enforcement agencies, and courts;
b. Prior periods of probation or community control;
c. Prior adjudications that the child committed a delinquent act or violation of law; and
d. Prior commitments to institutions.
6.The prospects for adequate protection of the public and the likelihood of reasonable rehabilitation of the child if he is assigned to services and facilities for delinquent children.
Court's Reasons
1. The offenses which were committed by the Defendant are of a very serious nature from which the public needs protection and adult sanctions will achieve this goal.
2. The offenses were planned, premeditated and willful in nature.
3. The offenses were committed against a person of the community.
4. The attitude of the child demonstrates to the Court that, while in years he is a juvenile, in acts, he is an adult.
5. The Defendant has a previous history of burglary, throwing a deadly missile into an occupied dewlling [sic], criminal mischief, grand theft, and battery, indicating to this Court, in view of this offense, his complete lack of respect of others' safety and property rights.
The Defendant's previous juvenile record is as follows:
07/23/86 Burglary/HRS Comm. Control 04/19/88 Throw deadly missile/occupied; Criminal Misehief/JASP 01/06/92 Burglary; Grand Theft/Nol Prossed 01/17/92 Burglary; Grand Theft (4 counts)/HRS Comm. Control 04/03/92 Battery/Nol Prossed 04/14/92 B attery/Dismissed
6. Our present juvenile sanctions do not suggest or otherwise indicate to this Court that the public could be adequately protected by imposing such sanctions upon the Defendant. Reasonable likelihood of rehabilitation can only be fostered by the imposition of adult sanctions.
In Troutman the supreme court remanded the appellant's case to the trial court for proceedings in accordance with its opinion. It noted that the trial court could still sentence him as an adult provided it strictly applied the statutory criteria. In a footnote, it rejected the suggestion that the trial court should be instructed on remand to sentence the appellant as a juvenile as in cases where a trial court's reasons for departure are initially invalid. See Pope v. State, 561 So.2d 554 (Fla.1990). The court explained that its concern in Pope that the trial court would on remand search for reasons to justify a departure sentence when the trial court's initial reasons for departure had been reversed were not present in its case. Because trial courts are limited to a consideration of evaluating specific statutory criteria in sentencing juveniles as adults, the court found that sentencing judges do not have the opportunity to search for new reasons to sentence a juvenile as an adult when its original reasons are deemed invalid. On remand the trial court in this case is therefore permitted to sentence appellant as an adult or as a juvenile.
Appellant in this case also correctly contends that the trial court erred by imposing restitution without first considering his financial resources and his ability to pay. See § 775.089(6), Florida Statutes (1991); Mallard v. State, 609 So.2d 178 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992); Denmark v. State, 588 So.2d 324 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991); Green v. State, 571 So.2d 571 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990); Singletary v. State, 530 So.2d 460 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988); Leyba v. State, 520 So.2d 705 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988). See also Anderson v. State, 556 So.2d 527 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990). Appellee additionally failed to provide any evidence of the victim's damages at the hearing. See Green.
Based on the foregoing appellant's sentence is reversed and remanded to the trial court for resentencing with instructions that if he is to be sentenced as an adult, the trial court should provide an individualized evaluation of how he fits within the statutory criteria of section 39.059(7)(c), Florida Statutes (1991). The court should also be instructed to consider his financial resources and ability to pay restitution and evidence of the victim's damages.
SENTENCE VACATED and REMANDED.
PETERSON, J., concurs specially with opinion.
GOSHORN, J., dissents with opinion.