Case Name: John J. Mullen, Respondent, v. Harris Cohen et al., Appellants
Court: New York City Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1901-03
Citations: 34 Misc. 398
Docket Number: 
Parties: John J. Mullen, Respondent, v. Harris Cohen et al., Appellants.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York Miscellaneous Reports
Volume: 34
Pages: 398–400

Head Matter:
John J. Mullen, Respondent, v. Harris Cohen et al., Appellants.
(City Court of New York, General Term,
March, 1901.)
Work, labor and services — Evidence aliunde, as to the terms of a written contract.
Where the issue in an action is whether work performed by the plaintiff for the defendants is within a written agreement therefor or is extra work, and the agreement refers to drawings and specifications which are recited as “ annexed ” but which in fact were not annexed nor produced by the plaintiff on the trial, the defend ants have a right to put in evidence specifications, relating to the building and upon which as they allege the plaintiff estimated, in order to show what the written agreement covered and that the alleged extra work was within it.
Appeal from a judgment entered in favor of plaintiff upon the verdict of a jury, and from an order denying a motion for a new trial.
Benno Loewy, for appellants.
I. Gerry Frauenthal (Louis J. Vorhaus, of counsel), for respondent.

Opinion:
Delehanty, J.
In this action the plaintiff sought to recover a balance which he claimed was due him under a written contract for work, labor and services performed and materials furnished to the defendants herein. The evidence is undisputed that, in the month of February, 1899, the defendants Harris and Abraham Cohen, composing the firm of H. Cohen and Brother, and the plaintiff herein, entered into a written agreement whereby the latter bound himself .to do certain plumbing work on a building of the former, agreeably to the drawings and specifications therefor, duly prepared by the latter's architect. The major part of the amount in controversy is due, according to the theory of the plaintiff, for " extra " work, or work and materials not included in the contract in question. The only defendant served, Harris Cohen, contended on the trial that the plaintiff's claim was embraced within the contract and specifications, and that, therefore, he was in no way indebted to him- on account thereof. The disputed questions were submitted to the jury, and from their verdict, finding for plaintiff in the full amount, this appeal is taken, and various grounds are urged for the reversal of the judgment entered thereon. The principal one assigned as error is the exception to the exclusion of the specifications offered by the defendants. The plaintiff had previously put in evidence the contract, which specifically referred to "Drawings and specifications signed by the said parties and heréunto annexed; " but nothing was annexed, nor was any attempt made by plaintiff to introduce any kind of a specification. The contract itself did not specify the work to be performed, and the issue to be decided was whether certain hot water work done by plaintiff on the building in question was within the contract mentioned, or extra work ordered by defendants. It became necessary, therefore, to inquire concerning the drawings and specifications intended, for which purpose resort had to be taken to extrinsic evidence. St. John v. Potter, 19 N. Y. Supp. 230.
The defendants' offer in evidence of a paper purporting tó be the specifications relating to the building in question and mentioned in the contract which Abraham Cohen, one of the firm, and Benjamin Oohen, a clerk thereof, testified was shown plaintiff, and from which his estimate was made upon which the contract was based, was proper, and its rejection by the trial court, under the defendants' objection and exception, a reversible error. If admitted, it would have shown that the work in question was included in the contract, and if the jury believed it to be the paper intended to be " signed and annexed " to the contract, its verdict undoubtedly would have been different from the one recorded. This case is not unlike Wegener v. Butler, 7 Misc. Rep. 17, where in a similar action to this it was held that the exclusion of the specifications on defendant's offer, in effect, prevented him from showing what the contract was. For the error committed in excluding the written instrument offered by the defendants, a new trial must be granted, and having reached that conclusion it is unnecessary to discuss the other exceptions in the record.
McCarthy and Scotchman, JJ., ebneur.
Judgment reversed and new trial granted, with costs to appellants to abide event.