Case Name: Lindsey Morgan CRAMER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. BOJANGLES' RESTAURANTS, INC., Defendant-Appellee
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2012-11-20
Citations: 498 F. App'x 885
Docket Number: No. 12-11750
Parties: Lindsey Morgan CRAMER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. BOJANGLES’ RESTAURANTS, INC., Defendant-Appellee.
Judges: Before TJOFLAT, PRYOR and KRAVITCH, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 498
Pages: 885–887

Head Matter:
Lindsey Morgan CRAMER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. BOJANGLES’ RESTAURANTS, INC., Defendant-Appellee.
No. 12-11750
Non-Argument Calendar.
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.
Nov. 20, 2012.
Adrian Bradley Dozier, Dozier Zahler LLC, Atlanta, GA, for Plaintiff-Appellant.
Charles Evans Johnson, Brian Lee Church, Angelique R. Vincent, Robinson Bradshaw & Hinson, PA, Charlotte, NC, David F. Root, Jennifer D. Stancil, Carlock Copeland & Stair, LLP, Atlanta, GA, for Defendant-Appellee.
Before TJOFLAT, PRYOR and KRAVITCH, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM:
Lindsey Cramer appeals the summary judgment in favor of her former employer, Bojangles' Restaurants, Inc., and against her complaint of sexual harassment in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a)(l), and of violations of Georgia law. Cramer argues that she established a prima facie case of sexual harassment by a co-worker; she was constructively discharged; and Bojangles ratified the tortious conduct of Cram-er's co-worker and was negligent in supervising and retaining the co-worker. We affirm.
Cramer failed to prove that Bojangles knew that Cramer had been sexually harassed by a co-worker or failed to take prompt remedial action after learning of the harassment. See Nurse "Be" v. Columbia Palms W. Hosp. Ltd., 490 F.3d 1302, 1309 (11th Cir.2007); Miller v. Kenworth of Dothan, Inc., 277 F.3d 1269, 1278 (11th Cir.2002). Bojangles had an antidiscrimination policy that required its employees to report any alleged sexual harassment to the Area Director, the Regional Vice President, or the Human Resources Department through its harassment hotline. Although Cramer signed a copy of the harassment policy, she failed to use the channels provided in the policy to complain about the graphic and lewd sexual statements that her co-worker, Fernando Funez, allegedly made on five occasions. See Madray v. Publix Supermarkets, Inc., 208 F.3d 1290, 1300 (11th Cir.2000); Coates v. Sundor Brands, Inc., 164 F.3d 1361, 1364, 1366 (11th Cir.1999). Instead, Cramer complained to her immediate supervisor, Sajad Akhtar, about Funez's "nasty" statements. When Cramer took the advice of an assistant manager and used the harassment hotline to report a sixth incident in which Funez allegedly touched Cramer's genital area, Bojangles took "reasonable and prompt corrective action" to end the harassment. Nurse "Be", 490 F.3d at 1309. Within three hours of Cramer's call, the Area Director attempted unsuccessfully to contact Cram-er. In the next two weeks, Bojangles suspended Funez, investigated Cramer's complaint, and fired Funez.
Cramer also failed to prove that she was constructively discharged. An employee suffers a constructive discharge when her working conditions are so intolerable that a reasonable person would feel compelled to resign. Kilgore v. Thompson & Brock Mgmt., Inc., 93 F.3d 752, 754 (llth Cir.1996). Nevertheless, "[a] constructive discharge will generally not be found if the employer is not given sufficient time to remedy the situation." Id. Cramer failed to notify Bojangles of Fu-nez's improper statements, and she resigned before reporting the alleged sexual harassment through the Bojangles harassment hotline. After she resigned, Cramer would not participate in Bojangles's investigation and never responded to Bojangles's unconditional offer of reemployment. Cramer refused to give Bojangles an opportunity to correct the situation.
Cramer also cannot prevail on her claims under Georgia law. Cramer alleged that Bojangles ratified the assault, battery, false imprisonment, and invasion of privacy committed by Funez, but Cram-er failed to present any "evidence that [Funez's] conduct was done in furtherance of [Bojangles's] business and within the scope of [his] employment." Hankerson v. Hammett, 285 Ga.App. 610, 647 S.E.2d 319, 323 (2007) (internal quotation marks omitted). Although Cramer alleged that Bojangles was negligent in supervising or retaining Funez, Cramer failed to "establish that [Bojangles] reasonably knew or should have known of [Funez's] 'tendencies' to engage in [sexual harassment]." Munroe v. Universal Health Servs., Inc., 277 Ga. 861, 596 S.E.2d 604, 606 (2004). And Cramer could not recover for the alleged "physiological and psychological effects" of the sexual harassment because "[a] claim for emotional distress caused by negligence must be supported by evidence that the plaintiff suffered an impact resulting in physical injury." Travis Pruitt & Assocs., P.C. v. Hooper, 277 Ga.App. 1, 625 S.E.2d 445, 450 (2005). Because Cramer did not have a viable claim under state law and presented no evidence that Bojangles acted in bad faith or was stubbornly litigious, Cramer could not recover punitive damages or recoup her expenses of litigation. See Benefit Support, Inc. v. Hall Cnty., 281 Ga.App. 825, 637 S.E.2d 763, 771 (2006); Tower Fin. Servs., Inc. v. Smith, 204 Ga.App. 910, 423 S.E.2d 257, 264 (1992).
We AFFIRM the summary judgment in favor of Bojangles' Restaurants. "