Case Name: SOUTHERN PAC. CO. v. SOREY
Court: Supreme Court of Texas
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1911-11-10
Citations: 140 S.W. 334
Docket Number: 
Parties: SOUTHERN PAC. CO. v. SOREY.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Western Reporter
Volume: 140
Pages: 334–336

Head Matter:
SOUTHERN PAC. CO. v. SOREY.
(Supreme Court of Texas.
Nov. 10, 1911.)
1. Statutes (§ 225%*) — Repeal — Implied Repeal — (Supreme Judicial Disteicts.
Act March 10, 1911 (Laws 32d Leg. c. 120), reorganized the supreme judicial districts of the state, and created the Seventh and Eighth districts. Act March 11, 1911, also provided for the creation of the Seventh district, including more counties therein1 than the first measure. Held that, as the conflict between these two bills was reconcilable, they should be construed together, having been enacted at the same session and on1 the same subject-matter, and the second did not repeal the provision for the creation of the Eighth district.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Statutes, Cent. Dig. § 304; Dec. Dig. § 225%.*]
2. Statutes (§ 161*) — Construction — Con-plico^-Acts Passed at Same Session.
Act March 10, 1911 (Laws of 32d Leg. c. 120), redistricting the judicial districts of the state, created the Seventh and Eighth supreme judicial districts, while Act March 11, 1911, provided solely for the creation of the Seventh district, and included some counties which by the earlier act had been included in the Eighth and in the Second districts. Held, that the provisions of the latter act governed in case of conflict; it being the last expression of the will of the Legislature.
LEd. Note. — For other cases, see Statutes, Dec. Dig. § 161.*]
Certified. Questions from Court of Civil Appeals of Eighth Supreme Judicial District.
Action by G. P. Sorey against the Southern Pacific Company. From a judgment for plaintiff, defendant appealed to the Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth District. Thereafter the case was transferred to the Eighth-District, from which certain questions were-certified.
Beall & Kemp & Parker, for appellant. J.. M. Nealon and Robt. T. Neill, for appellee.

Opinion:
BROWN, C. J.
The statement and questions are as follows:
"This was a suit by the appellee against the appellant for damages for personal injuries in the district court of El Paso county. It resulted in a judgment in favor of the ap-pellee on the 9th day of February, 1911. The-motion for new trial was overruled on the 3d-day of March, 1911, and notice of appeal was given to the Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district of Texas at San Antonio. On March 5, 1911, the appellant filed in the district court its supersedeas bond, reciting therein that it had appealed to the Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district of Texas at San Antonio. Transcript of the record and statement of facts were filed in the Court of Civil Appeals at San Antonio on June 3d, 1911, That thereafter, to wit, on the 20th day of June,*1911, the Supreme Court of the state-of Texas entered an order directing that this cause, which was then pending in said Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district, should be transferred to the-Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district of Texas, at El Paso;, that in accordance with said order the said cause was transferred to this court by the-Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district on the 29th day of June, 1911, and the record was received and. filed in this court on July 12, 1911.
"That this case was regularly submitted on October 26, 1911; that the said cause is-now pending before this court, and has been submitted, as stated, but no opinion or judgment has therein been rendered or handed down.
"That on November 2, 1911, the appellant, filed in said cause its motion (which accompanies the record herewith), which stated preliminarily the facts above set forth, and moved this court to proceed no further in the consideration or determination of this cause and to return the record, with all papers and briefs therein, to the Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district of Texas at San Antonio, for the following reasons, to wit:
"(1) That the order heretofore referred to of the Supreme Court of the state, entered on June 20, 1911, directing that this cause be transferred from the Court of Civil Appeals for the Fourth supreme judicial district to this court, was improper, for the reason that at said time, and since said time, and at this time, there was and. is legally in existence no such court as the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district of Texas at El Paso.
"(2) Eor the reason that the act of the Thirty-Second Legislature of the state of Texas, creating the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district, was not in effect at the date of the said order of the Supreme Court, and has not been since in effect, for the reason that the act creating the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district was repealed by the passage of the act creating the Court of Civil Appeals for the Seventh supreme judicial district at Amarillo, which said bill redistricted the state, and was in conflict and inconsistent with the bill creating the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district at El Pasos and repealed the same, and this court, in attempting to act under the said act of the Legislature, has no power to hear and determine this cause or to proceed therein.
"We think we, and also the Supreme Court, are authorized to take judicial notice of the fact that there was passed by the Legislature one bill creating the Court of Civil Appeals at Amarillo and El Paso, which may hereafter be called the double bill, and another bill creating the Court of Civil Appeals at Amarillo, which may hereafter be called the single bill. We think that this court, and also the Supreme Court, may take judicial notice of the time of the passage of these bills and of their contents. The specific questions which we desire to certify to the Supreme Court, and do certify, are:
"(1) Is the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district, located at El Paso, provided for and created by the double bill, now a legally created and existing court of civil appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district of Texas; or did the passage of the single bill repeal the double bill, and abolish the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district provided for in said double bill?
"(2) If the single bill did not repeal the double bill in toto, did it amend it in any particular, so as to affect the jurisdiction of the Court of Civil Appeals for the Eighth supreme judicial district, and, if so, to what extent?"
The Thirty-Second Legislature enacted a law by which the existing supreme judicial districts of the state were reorganized, and the Seventh and Eighth districts were created. That bill was signed by the presiding officers of each branch of the Legislature on the 10th day of March, 1911, was presented to the Governor on the 11th day of that month, and approved by him on the 3d day of April, 1911. That bill is published with the general laws of that session (chapter 120, p. 269).
At the same session, the Legislature enacted a law known as House Bill No. 25, by which the Seventh supreme judicial district was created, which was signed by the President of the Senate on March 11, 1911, and, on the same day, was presented to the Governor, who vetoed the bill on April 3, 1911. The Legislature adjourned on the 11th of March, 1911; hence the veto of the bill occurred after the expiration of 20 days from' the adjournment; therefore the bill became a law at the expiration of March 31st. •'
In creating the Seventh district, the last-named bill included some counties which were embraced in the Eighth district and some that were included in the- Second district by the first bill. The following statement will show the conflicts. The counties on the left are. included in the Eighth district in the first bill, and the counties named in the right-hand column constitute the Second district as named in the first bill. The middle column constitutes the Seventh district as created by the second bill:
Eighth District. Seventh District. Second District.
Gaines Dallam Wichita
Borden Sherman Cooke
Andrews Plansford Montague
Martin Lipscomb Clay
Loving Ochiltree Archer
Winkler Hartley Baylor
Midland Moore Knox
Glasscock Hutchinson Stonewall
Reeves Roberts Haskell
Ward Hemphill Throckmorton
Crane Oldham Young
Upton Porter Jack
Reagan Carson Wise
Terrell Gray Denton
Pecos Wheeler Tarrant
Brewster Deaf Smith Parker
Presidio Randal Palo Pinto
Jett Davis Armstrong Stephens
El Paso Donley Shackelford
Ector Collinsworth Jones
Parmer Mitchell
Castro Nolan
Swisher Taylor
Briscoe Callahan
Hall Bosque
Childress Eastland
Bailey Erath
Lamb Hood
Hale Somervell
Floyd Comanche
Motley Johnson
Cottle Dawson
Foard Howard
Hardeman Scurry
Wilbarger
King
Dickens
Crosby
Lubbock
Hockley
Cochran
Yoakum
Terry
Lynn
Garza
Kent
Scurry
Borden
Dawson
Gaines
We will adopt the terms used in the certificate to designate the different bills; the-"double bill" meaning the law which reorganized the Courts of Civil Appeals, and the "single bill" meaning tbe bill wbieb created tbe Seventh district.
To tbe first question, we answer that tbe paragraph of the double bill which cre'ated the Eighth district was not repealed by the single bill. The two bills, being enacted at the same session of the Legislature upon the same subject, will be construed together; there being no irreconcilable conflict between their provisions. Neill v. Kesse, 5 Tex. 23, 51 Am. Dec. 746; Laughter v. Seela, 59 Tex. 184; Railway Co. v. Ford, 53 Tex. 370; Frost v. Wenie, 157 U. S. 58, 15 Sup. Ct. 532, 39 L. Ed. 614; State v. Omaha El. Co., 75 Neb. 649, 106 N. W. 979, 110 N. W. 874.
In Neill v. Kesse, supra, the Supreme Gourt said, speaking through Mr. Justice Wheeler: "These statutes, being in pari ma-teria, and relating to the same subject, are to be taken together and so construed, in reference to each other, as that, if practicable, effect may be given to the entire provisions of each. Thus considered, there is no repugnancy between the provisions of these statutes. They may stand together, and effect may be given to the entire provisions of each. And thus to construe and give effect to them is in accordance with the established rule of construction."
In the case of Frost v. Wenie, supra, the Supreme Oourt of the United States said: "It is to be observed that, although the words of the act of December 15, 1880, are broad enough, if literally interpreted, to embrace all the lands within the abandoned Ft. Dodge military reservation north of the Atchison railroad, there are no words in it of express repeal of any former statute. It is well settled that repeals by implication are not to be favored. And, where two statutes cover, in whole or in part, the same matter, and are not absolutely irreconcilable, the duty of the court (no purpose to repeal being clearly expressed or indicated) is, if possible, to give effect to both. In other words, it must not be supposed that the Legislature intended by a later statute to repeal a prior one on the same subject, unless the last statute is so broad in its terms and so clear and explicit in its words as to show that it was intended to cover the whole subject, and therefore to displace the prior statute."
The authorities are practically unanimous to the effect that, when two acts have been passed at the same session of a Legislature, each treating of the same subject, they will be construed as if the provisions were embraced in one act, and, if there be a conflict, effect will be given to the intention of the Legislature.
To the second question, we answer, the two bills having been enacted during the same session of the Legislature, and being in pari materia, they will be construed together and effect given to the provision of both I bills, if it can be done by a reasonably fair construction. The provisions of the double bill will be enforced, except in so far as they are in conflict with the provisions of the single bill on the same subject, in which case the latter bill will prevail, as being the last expression of the Legislature.
Applying these rules of construction, we can harmonize' the two bills and give effect to both by according precedence to the single bill when there is a conflict. Gaines and Borden counties are embraced in the Seventh district by the single bill; therefore, construing the laws as one, those counties are by the single bill transferred to the Seventh district, and appeals and writs of error from said counties will be returnable to the Oourt of Civil Appeals at Amarillo, and the remaining counties, composing the Eighth district, will remain subject to the jurisdiction of the Oourt of Civil Appeals at El Paso. The single bill places Dawson and Scurry counties in the Seventh district; whereas they were in the Second district in the double bill. The effect will be to transfer those counties to the Seventh district, and appeals and writs of error from those counties will be returnable to the Court of Civil Appeals at Amarillo, as provided in the single bill. Fisher county is in the Seventh district under the double bill, and has not been changed by the single bill; therefore it will remain in the Seventh district. Effect is thus given to both bills, and they are made to harmonize. All concurring.