Case Name: Matter of the Probate of the Will of Bertha Rand, Deceased
Court: New York Surrogate's Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1899-07
Citations: 28 Misc. 465
Docket Number: 
Parties: Matter of the Probate of the Will of Bertha Rand, Deceased.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York Miscellaneous Reports
Volume: 28
Pages: 465–467

Head Matter:
Matter of the Probate of the Will of Bertha Rand, Deceased.
(Surrogate’s Court, New York County,
July, 1899.)
Will — Undue influence — Meretricious relations.
A bequest of the greater part of her estate made by a prostitute to her paramour, a married man whom she described in her will as her “ husband ”, will not be set aside at the instance of her sister, with whom she was on bad terms, where' the testatrix had testamentary capacity.
Proof of meretricious relations is insufficient alone to create a presumption of undue influence.
Proceedings upon probate of a will.
James Brandt (Michael J. McKenna, of counsel), for proponent.
Joseph Rosenzweig (Charles BE. Beckett, of counsel), for contestant.

Opinion:
Varnum, S.
Bertha Lamka, otherwise known as Bertha Rand, died at a hospital March 2, 1899, leaving a will dated and executed February 20, 1899, in which she describes herself as Bertha Rand, wife of William Frank Rand, and by which she makes certain small legacies and bequests, including $100 to her sister, the contestant, " because she has been unfriendly to me and not treated me as a sister should," and $50 and $100, respectively, to certain children of her said sister, and then gives all her household goods, jewelry and other personal effects, as well as all the residue of her estate, real and personal, " to my husband, William Frank Rand." Said Rand was designated as sole executor, and the will further provided that, if either the sister of the testatrix or any of her children should contest the provisions of the will, the legacies in their favor should be null and void and the amount thereof go to the residuary legatee and devisee. It appears clear, from the evidence, that the testatrix was not the wife of said Rand, who had and still has another wife living, but that for sixteen or seventeen years, and until the time of her death, the testatrix and himself had lived together, and that she had assumed his name. It also appears that the testatrix knew he was a married man. The will is contested by the sister of the testatrix named as a legatee under her will upon all the usual grounds, laying special stress upon charges of duress and undue influence on the part of said Rand. To briefly summarize the evidence, it is clear that during the last year of her life, at least the testatrix kept a house of doubtful repute, and that said Rand lived with her and assisted in its management. It appears that she was a woman of strong will, coarse manners, quick temper, and extreme jealousy as far as Rand was «concerned. It also appears that Rand sometimes gave apparent canse for such jealousy, and quite frequently indulged to excess in drink, and on such occasions was often brutal and abusive to the testatrix, who resented the same in a positive and emphatic manner, on one occasion, at least, having him arrested on that account. But in the end the two always made up and continued living together until the time of her death. It is the old familiar story, «especially amongst persons living together in this unconventional and meretricious relationship — dissipation, frequent quarrels, ever ending in renewals of those relations which long association has engendered and made it almost impossible to break. When she came to make her will, in spite of all his apparent worthlessness and of all her quarrels with him, she left him what little property she had accumulated. Her relations with her sister and «only near relative, the contestant, had always been strained. It is intimated by contestant's counsel that this was but natural in view of the fact that the testatrix was a prostitute, but it seems to me that, if the sister had been influenced in her relations by that fact on high moral grounds, she would hardly appear in this court now seeking to claim as her own.the proceeds of prostitution. The testimony developed strong reasons for the hostility of the testatrix to her sister and family, dating back for many years, which I do not deem it necessary or proper to allude to in this opinion, but, in my judgment, they were quite sufficient to have caused her lack of affection for the contestant. There is no proof, in my opinion, of any duress or undue influence exercised by Rand or others in relation to the execution of the will. Meretricious relations are insufficient to prove undue influence. 110 N. Y. 450; Sehouler Wills, § 237. I find the will executed in due conformity to law, and that it was not executed without due testamentary capacity, and hence, in spite of all the circumstances of her career and the possible worthlessness of her beneficiary, Bertha Lamka's wishes must be carried out and her will should be admitted to probate, for, as I have said in several cases recently decided by me, it is well-settled law that, in the absence of clear proof of fraud and undue influence, it is a testator's privilege to do as he will with his own. Matter of Cleveland and Matter of Johnson, 28 Misc. Rep. 363, 369, Surr. Decs., July, 1899. Submit findings and decree accordingly.
Decreed accordingly.