Case Name: In the Matter of the Estate of Abe Bernstein, Deceased
Court: New York Surrogate's Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1928-04-24
Citations: 132 Misc. 266
Docket Number: 
Parties: In the Matter of the Estate of Abe Bernstein, Deceased.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York Miscellaneous Reports
Volume: 132
Pages: 266–268

Head Matter:
In the Matter of the Estate of Abe Bernstein, Deceased.
Surrogate’s Court, New York County,
April 24, 1928.
Diamond, Abrahams & Strauss, for the executrix.
Charles A. Curtin, for the State Tax Commission.

Opinion:
O'Brien, S.
This is an appeal by the State Tax Commission
from the report of the transfer tax appraiser and the order entered thereon upon the following grounds: (1) That a surviving temporary life estate, until age thirty-five, in one-half the residuary estate may come into existence for Elliot Bernstein and that a surviving temporary life estate, until age thirty-five, in one-half the residuary estate may come into existence for Howard Bertram Bernstein, the fund in each case to be diminished by one-half upon each beneficiary attaining the age of twenty-five years; (2) that the entire residuary estate may vest in the younger of those beneficiaries; (3) that the taxing order should assess against the executrix for the benefit of a person in the one per cent class, who may be Elliot Bernstein, a tax on the valuation of a surviving temporary life estate until age thirty-five, diminished by one-half at age twenty-five years, in one-half the residuary estate, and a tax against the executrix for the benefit of a person in the one per cent class, who may be Howard Bertram Bernstein, on the valuation of a surviving temporary life estate until age thirty-five years, diminished by one-half at age. twenty-five years, in one-half the residuary estate; (4) that there should be taxed to the executrix for the benefit of a person in the one per cent class, who may be Howard Bertram Bernstein, the full undiminished value of the residuary estate. The decedent died on January 27,1927. By the 3d paragraph of his will he bequeathed his residuary estate to his executrix and trustee to pay the income therefrom to Rose S. Bernstein, his wife, until his eldest child should arrive at the age of twenty-five years. The testator by the 3d paragraph of his will further provided:
" b) When my eldest surviving child arrives at the age of twenty-five, I direct my executrix and trustee to pay to herself, my beloved wife, Rose S. Bernstein, one-half of the corpus of the estate, in the event that there is only one child me surviving, or one-third of the corpus of the estate in the event that there is more than one child me surviving, and the remainder of my estate shall be divided into equal portions and one of such portions held for each child me surviving as hereinafter provided for.
" c) I further direct my executrix and trustee to pay to my eldest surviving child at arriving at the age of twenty-five, one-half of his or her proportionate share of the balance of my estate and the remaining one-half at said child's arriving at the age of thirty-five, and I do further direct that upon each of my children thereafter arriving at the age of twenty-five, one-half of their share be paid to such child and the remaining half upon the said child arriving at the age of thirty-five .
" d) In the event of the death of any of my children before the distribution of my estate as hereinbefore provided for, without issue, the share of trust in the one so dying shall revert to the survivors. If however, the child so dying shall leave issue, such issue shall take the share of the parent.
" e) In the event of the death of my beloved wife before the distribution of my estate, her share of the corpus of my estate shall revert to and become part of the remainder of my estate and shall be divided into equal portions and held for each child me surviving and shall be distributed as provided in subdivision c and d hereof. Upon her death, the income of my estate shall be accumulated and held by the executors and trustees succeeding her as hereinafter provided, in trust nevertheless, for the support and maintenance of any minor child or children who shall survive me. At the termination of the minority of my youngest surviving child, the income of my estate so accumulated, shall be divided equally among the children surviving me at my death; the issue of any deceased child taking the share of the parent."
The testator left him surviving his widow and two children, Elliot Bernstein, age three years, and Howard Bertram Bernstein, age one year. No question arises as to the taxation of the widow's interest. The first and third grounds of appeal are sustained. From the foregoing provisions of the decedent's will, it is clear that upon the death of the widow, before the decedent's eldest child is twenty-five years of age, surviving temporary fife estates until age thirty-five years, diminished by one-half of the fund as each beneficiary attains the age of twenty-five years, may come into existence for Elliot Bernstein and Howard Bertram Bernstein, respectively. This contingency must be anticipated and, pursuant to the statute, a deposit must be made, with the State, sufficient for the payment of the tax which may accrue upon each of these transfers. The appeal on the second and fourth grounds is sustained. It is unnecessary at this time to determine the validity of the provision, contained in subdivision d of the 3d paragraph of the will, for the distribution of the share of a child dying before the testator's estate is distributed. (Matter of Mount, 185 N. Y. 162, 170.) Likewise it may never become necessary to determine the validity of the provision for an accumulation of the income beyond the minority of the eldest child. In order to assure to the State the collection of the greatest possible tax that may accrue upon the remainder interests, however, we must assume that the entire residuary estate may vest in Howard Bertram Bernstein, the younger of the decedent's two children. Submit order on notice in accordance with this decision.