Case Name: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. HWANG GYOO CHOI, Defendant-Appellant
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2014-02-27
Citations: 558 F. App'x 747
Docket Number: No. 13-10231
Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. HWANG GYOO CHOI, Defendant-Appellant.
Judges: Before: ALARCÓN, O’SCANNLAIN, and FERNANDEZ, Circuit Judges.
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 558
Pages: 747–748

Head Matter:
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. HWANG GYOO CHOI, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 13-10231.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
Submitted Feb. 18, 2014.
Filed Feb. 27, 2014.
Karon Virginia Johnson, Esquire, Assistant U.S., USHA-Office of the U.S. Attorney, Hagatna, GU, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
F. Randall Cunliffe, Esquire, Cunliffe & Cook, Hagatna, GU, for Defendant-Appellant.
Before: ALARCÓN, O’SCANNLAIN, and FERNANDEZ, Circuit Judges.
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a)(2).

Opinion:
MEMORANDUM
Hwang Gyoo Choi appeals from the 41-month sentence imposed following his guilty-plea conviction for importation of methamphetamine hydrochloride, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 952 and 960. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.
Choi contends that the district court abused its discretion by failing to grant him an additional one-level departure under U.S.S.G. § 5K1.1 for substantial assistance. The district court did not abuse its discretion in deferring to the government's recommendation for a two-level departure, because there is no indication in the record that the government's refusal to move for a three-level departure "was based on impermissible motives, constituted a breach of the plea agreement, or was not rationally related to a legitimate governmental purpose." United States v. Flores, 559 F.3d 1016, 1019 (9th Cir.2009).
Choi also contends that the district court erred by granting a two-level role adjustment rather than a three- or four-level adjustment under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2. We review for clear error. See United States v. Tankersley, 537 F.3d 1100, 1110 (9th Cir.2008). The district court did not clearly err because the record reflects that Choi traveled from the Philippines to Guam with a substantial amount of methamphetamine on the promise of being relieved of a large debt. See United States v. Rodriguez-Castro, 641 F.3d 1189, 1193 (9th Cir.2011).
Finally, Choi contends that the district court procedurally erred by failing to address his request for a departure for coercion under U.S.S.G. § 5K2.12. Contrary to his contention, the record reflects that the district court considered Choi's arguments in favor of the departure. To the extent that Choi challenges the merits of the court's denial of a departure under section 5K2.12, we review for substantive reasonableness, applying an abuse of discretion standard. See Gall v. United States, 552 U.S. 38, 51, 128 S.Ct. 586, 169 L.Ed.2d 445 (2007); United States v. Mohamed, 459 F.3d 979, 987 (9th Cir.2006). The sentence at the bottom of the Guidelines is substantively reasonable in light of the totality of the circumstances and the 18 U.S.C. § 3558(a) factors. See Gall, 552 U.S. at 51, 128 S.Ct. 586.
AFFIRMED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.