Case Name: Jane McKenzie, as Executrix, Resp't, v. Denis Fox et al., App'lts
Court: New York Supreme Court, General Term
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1890-01-24
Citations: 29 N.Y. St. Rep. 106
Docket Number: 
Parties: Jane McKenzie, as Executrix, Resp’t, v. Denis Fox et al., App’lts.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 29
Pages: 106–107

Head Matter:
Jane McKenzie, as Executrix, Resp’t, v. Denis Fox et al., App’lts.
(Supreme Court, General Term, First Department,
Filed January 24, 1890.)
1, Pleading—Motion to make definite.
A separate allegation in a complaint, stating that by reason of the premises plaintiff had sustained damage in being unable to let her house, and has lost the rental thereof, is violative of the rule requiring each separate cause of action to be complete in itself, and should be required to be made definite and certain.
2. Bill of pabticulabs—Damages.
In such case the defendants are entitled to a bill of particulars of the amount of rents lost, the period during which the losses are claimed and the portions of the premises which plaintiff was prevented from renting.
Appeal from an order denying motion that a supposed cause of action set up in the complaint be made more definite and certain and for a bill of particulars.
George H. Pettit, for app’lts; Edward W. S. Johnston, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Van Brunt, P. J.
The complaint, after attempting to state various causes of action because of the alleged breach of certain covenants contained in a lease made by the plaintiff to the defendants, contains this allegation:
Ninth. And for a fourth and separate cause of action the plaintiff alleges that by reason of the premises the plaintiff has sustained special loss and damage in that she has been unable to let or demise the said premises from May 1, 1889, hitherto, and has lost the rental thereof for the current year from May 1, 1889, to her damage ten thousand ($10,000) dollars.
The defendants sought to have this allegation made more definite and certain, and also to have a bill of particulars as to the items of damage. This motion was denied and from this order this appeal is taken.
It is clear that the rules of pleading have been violated in the allegations referred to. Where several causes of action are united in one complaint each must be complete in itself. The allegation in question is simply an allegation of damage.
It in no manner adopts any of the former allegations of the complaint as the cause of action therein set forth, but simply that by reason of the premises damage has been sustained.
There is here no reiteration of the previous allegations of the complaint which would go to constitute the cause of action upon which the damage alleged is predicated. The defendants were entitled to know because of what this alleged loss of rent was claimed to be due and they therefore should have had this motion granted so far as to compel the plaintiff to allege just for what the plaintiff contends she is entitled to damage.
The defendants were also entitled to a bill of particulars as to the amount of damage, showing in detail the several amounts of rent lost and the periods during which said loss is claimed to have accrued and the portion of the premises which the plaintiff failed to rent because of the wrongful acts of the defendants. It is true that it is claimed that the whole of the premises were not rented, but the complaint does not so state and the defendants are entitled to be informed explicitly upon this point. To this extent the motion should have been granted.
The orders appealed from should be reversed with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and the motion granted to the extent stated in this opinion.
Brady and Daniels, JJ., concur.