Case Name: Myra L. Spring, Ex'rx, Resp't, v. The Chautauqua Mutual Life Association, App'lt
Court: New York Supreme Court, General Term
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1891-06-02
Citations: 38 N.Y. St. Rep. 968
Docket Number: 
Parties: Myra L. Spring, Ex’rx, Resp’t, v. The Chautauqua Mutual Life Association, App’lt.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 38
Pages: 968–970

Head Matter:
Myra L. Spring, Ex’rx, Resp’t, v. The Chautauqua Mutual Life Association, App’lt.
(Supreme Court, General Term, Fifth Department,
Filed June 2, 1891.)
1. Appeal—Case.
Where the case does not state jthat it contains all the evidence, the appellate court cannot look into the question whether the verdict is contrary to the evidence, even though there was a motion for a new trial.
2. Benefit societies—Defense.
A defendant company, in order to avail itself of a defense by which the policy of insurance should be forfeited by reason of untrue answers made • in the application, must set forth such defense so that it may be properly tried.
3. Same—Charge.
The court, after charging that any untrue answer in respect to matters set up as a defense would vitiate the policy, was asked to charge that “if the insured answered falsely any of the inquiries in said application as to the then or previous condition of his health, then by the terms of the contract itself the policy is void and the plaintiff cannot recover,” and answered “that is true, provided the inquiries were material and necessary.” Held, no error; that the request was too broad, and the answer of the judge in connection with the former charge was correct.
Appeal from an order of the circuit held in Cattaraugus county, September, 1890, denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial, made on the minutes of the court.
H. C. Kingsbury, for app’lt; A. Spring, for resp’t.

Opinion:
Macomber, J.
The defendant, which is, by the answer, admitted to be a mutual insurance association, organized under chapter 175 of the Laws of 1883, did, on the 20th day of June, 1888, issue its policy or certificate of insurance to Levi T. Spring, the plaintiff's intestate, in the sum of $4,000; $1,000 thereof being payable to his personal representatives, and $3,000 thereof to his wife.
This action was brought by the executrix to recover the sum of $1,000. On the trial the jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, and from an order from the same court, denying the defendant's motion for a new trial, this appeal is taken.
The defense is, that the insured answered untruthfully certain questions contained in his application, and that consequently no recovery can be had upon the policy, for the reason as is shown, that, by the terms of the contract, any incorrect or untrue answers would vitiate the policy.
The specifications contained in the answer, to which it is alleged the deceased gave incorrect answers, related to a habitual cough, spitting of blood, congestion of the lungs, disease or ailment of the heart, disease of the genital or urinary organs, unhealed ulcers or sores of any kind.
The argument of the learned counsel for the appellant is mainly addressed to the proposition, that the verdict of the jury was contrary to the evidence and to law, upon the facts proved, and that it was error on the part of the trial justice to submit the question to the jury whether any warranty, in respect to the matters above mentioned, was broken. The case, however, contains no statement that the whole of the evidence adduced upon the trial is returned to this court Under such a condition of things, we are not able to look into the question, even though there was a motion for a new trial, whether the verdict was contrary to the evidence and facts established. If there is any evidence to sustain the verdict upon any of the grounds of the defense set forth in the answer, we are obliged, in the absence of such statement, to assume that the jury arrived at a correct determination thereon.
The .plaintiffs testator died of valvular disease of the heart on the Slst day of August, 1889. It is claimed by the counsel for the appellant that the disease was upon the assured at the time of the making of the application, and that it had accompanied him for some time. There is evidence that in the year 1880 the deceased had been south, and that when he returned he was weak, pale and thin, and that it was necessary to have an escort to bring him home to Kansas City, his then residence. It is claimed that such disease was heart trouble of the character which finally carried him off, accompanied by weakness and disease of the lungs. On the other hand, there is evidence of a credible character which must have been believed by the jury, given by one of the doctors, to the effect that no heart disease had made its appearance in the deceased until after he went into the printing business in the month of August, 1888, about two months after he was insured.
Great reliance is placed by the appellant's counsel upon the proposition that the deceased was troubled with rheumatism, and that consequently no recovery can be had in this action. An answer to that proposition is found in the fact that none of the defenses sets up any such matter. A defendant, in order to avail itself of the defense by which the policy of insurance should be forfeited by reason of untrue answers made in the application, must set forth such defenses so that they may be properly tried.
It is further contended that the answer to the question, " Have you ever had spitting of blood?" was incorrect. There .was some evidence that at one time the deceased was found spitting blood, but the other evidence in the case shows that this was caused by his accidentally striking a tree which produced momentary or temporary hemorrhage.
It is further contended that the negative answer of the deceased to the question, " Have you ever had congestion of the lungs?" was untrue. But he had already answered that he had had pneu monia, and it is extremely doubtful whether this question was designed by the company or understood by the insured to relate to any other matter than that which had already been correctly answered unto. But the congestion of the lungs complained of was said to have occurred in the year 1880, many years before the pneumonia. One of the doctors testified that at that time the deceased was coughing and expectorating considerably and breathing rapidly, and that his lungs were congested. But it cannot be said from this testimony that he had congestion of the lungs within the meaning of that question, and the jury had, from the whole case, the right to say from the evidence before us, and from that which the law presumes was before them and not now before us, that the answer there given was not untrue. Boos v. World Mutual Life Ins. Co., 64 N. Y., 236.
It is claimed by counsel for the appellant, that the court fell into an error in its refusal to charge as requested. The court was asked to charge this proposition: " If the insured answered falsely any of the inquiries in said application as to the then or previous condition of his health, then by the terms of the contract itself the policy is void and the plaintiff cannot recover." The court answered: "That is true provided the inquiries were material and necessary," to which an exception was taken.
The request to charge was, in our judgment, too broad. Many of the inquiries may have been falsely answered by the insured, and yet the plaintiff entitled to recover, provided the company did not defend upon the ground of such untrue answers. This remark of the learned judge must be considered in connection with the charge in chief, where it had been distinctly stated to the jury that any untrue answer in respect to the matters set up as a defense would, by the terms of the contrat vitiate the policy and discharge the defendant from liability.
Judgment and order appealed from should be affirmed.
Dwight P. J concurs.