Case Name: Catharine Langan, Resp't, v. Ellis M. Potter et al., App'lts
Court: New York City Court
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1894-05-18
Citations: 59 N.Y. St. Rep. 268
Docket Number: 
Parties: Catharine Langan, Resp’t, v. Ellis M. Potter et al., App’lts.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York State Reporter
Volume: 59
Pages: 268–270

Head Matter:
Catharine Langan, Resp’t, v. Ellis M. Potter et al., App’lts.
(New York City Court, General Term,
Filed May 18, 1894.)
1. DAMASES—WltOKSEUL LEVY.
The loss of profits consequent upon a tort are allowed, provided they are’ such as might naturally be expected to follow from the wrongful act, and are certain both in their nature and in respect to the cause from which they proceed.
2. Same.
If a business is entirely broken up_ or partially interrupted, the amount, previously done, is ordinarily pertipent upon the question of the amount which might subsequently be done.
.Appeal by defendants from judgment on verdict for plaintiff, and from order, denying new trial.
Joseph I. Green, for app’its; J. Woolsey Shepai-d, for re'sp’t

Opinion:
Yan Wyck, J.
The plaintiff began this action against the sheriff for unlawfully taking possession, on July 13, 1893, of. her entire stock of goods, consisting of butter, eggs, lard aftd other goods usually dealt in a First avenue retail grocery store, and also of the premises in which she carried on such business and for retaining such unlawful possession of such goods and the premises for about three weeks, during which time she was entirely excluded from the premises and absolutely prevented from conducting her business. The present defendants are the sheriff's indemnitors, and, as such, were substituted, herein, in his stead. The verdict was for $416 for plaintiff and her proof is abundantly sufficient to have justified the jury in finding that about one week before the sheriff so seized her stock of goods and store, an inventory was taken of such stock, the reasonable value of which was $1,156.86, to which she added goods of the value of about $350, making the aggregate value of $1,506.86, from which she sold goods of the value of $407, and that the value of the goods in the store and unlawfully seized was $1,099,96, while that three weeks afterwards, when she regained possession, the entire stock in the store was worth but $200, thus showing her damages on stock to be $899.66. It was not disputed that she paid a lawyer $25 for causing the at tachment, under which the seizure was made to be vacated, and to the sheriff $66, before he would surrender to her the goods and premises. Her verdict was for only $416, from which deduct the $91 paid to the lawyer and the sheriff, not disputed, and it would seem that the jury had awarded her only about one-third of the amount which, by proof, she' claimed as damages to her stock of goods, and yet the brief of defendants' counsel is devoted almost entirely to argument that this verdict is against the evidence and the weight of evidence. And the only point of law discussed by the counsel is raised by his exception to so much of the judge's charge as says : " The plaintiff has also the right to recover the profits that she would have made had she been permitted to continue in business in this store. Her witnesses claim that her profits would have been $90, and, if you believe that testimony, the plaintiff is entitled to verdict for the profits," and by his exception to the proof of the facts upon which this charge is based. There was no dispute except as to the measure and value of plaintiff's damages, and the plaintiff's uncontradicted proof, as regards loss of profits, was that the sheriff retained unlawful possession of the stock of goods and the store, for about three weeks, during which time he absolutely excluded her from the premises, thus preventing her from conducting her business; that the average daily sales by her in this store, at the time of the seizure, was about $50, upon which her average profit was about twenty per cent, or $5 per day, and, hence, that her profits would have been about $90 for the time during which her business was entirely broken up by the tortious acts of the sheriff. The complaint alleged that by reason of such acts she lost the sale of her goods and the profits which she would have otherwise made. The loss of profits consequent upon a tort are allowed, provided they are such as might naturally be expected to follow from the wrongful act and are certain both in their nature and in respect to the cause from which they proceed. Griffin v. Colver, 16 N. Y. 489 ; Capel v. Lyons, 46 St. Rep. 298. A person who deliberately walks into a retail store, forcibly ejects the proprietor without any right and locks and tightly closes the store, must naturally expect that such proprietor will lose the sale of his goods and the consequent loss of his usual profits during this unlawful interruption of his business, and it is certain that the cause from which this loss proceeds is the act of the tortfeasor, and the nature of the loss of profits is made sufficiently certain by proof of the average daily sales made at the time of the unlawful interruption of the business and the then average profit on such sales. Schile v. Brochhahus, 80 N. Y. 614. In the Schile case the action was based upon defendants' tort or trespass in so tearing down a partition wall as to leave the plaintiff's adjoining house, in which he conducted a picture, lithograph and furniture business, open and exposed to the1 weather, and thus causing a partial interruption of his business, and the great chief justice, there writing, says: "When the evidence of the amount of business and profits during the corresponding months of the previous year were offered, the objection was made that it was incompetent for the purpose of proving loss of profits. This objection was not tenable. The fact of the extent of business done previously was competent to be shown. If a business is entirely broken up, the amount previously done is pertinent upon. the question of the amount which might subsequently be done, and the same rule is true of a partial interruption of business." It would seem that nothing was allowed by the jurjr for this loss of profits, for plaintiff's proof shows damage to specific property to an amount very much larger than the verdict. The judgment and order appealed for are affirmed, with costs.
Ehrlich, C. J. and McCarthy, J., concur.