Case Name: HEATH v. AUSTIN
Court: United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 1874-09-11
Citations: 11 F. Cas. 975
Docket Number: 
Parties: HEATH v. AUSTIN.
Judges: 
Reporter: Federal Cases
Volume: 11
Pages: 975–975

Head Matter:
Case No. 6,305.
HEATH v. AUSTIN.
[12 Blatchf. 320.]
Circuit Court, S. D. New York.
Sept. 11, 1874.
Removal of Causes — Citizenship—Burden of Proof.
A defendant in a suit brought in a state court •of New York removed the suit into this court, on the ground that, being a citizen of Connecticut, he had been sued by a citizen of New York. The plaintiff moved to remand the cause ■to the state court, on the ground that the defendant was not in fact a citizen of Connecticut: Held, that on the question of such citizenship of the defendant, the affirmative was with the defendant; that, where he was a permanent resident and citizen of Connecticut down to a period shortly prior to the commencement of the suit, the presumntion was, that such permanent residence and citizenship continued, until it was shown to be changed; that, where the cause was removed on the defendant’s oath as to the jurisdictional fact of such residence and citizenship, it was not enough for the plaintiff to raise a doubt in the question; and that, the proceedings for removal being regular, and the question raised by the plaintiff being fairly disputed, it was not a proper practice to remand the cause on motion.
[Cited in Mackaye v. Mallory, 6 Fed. 751; Filer v. Levy, 17 Fed. 610.]
[This was a suit by Eugene A. Heath against Theodore P. Austin. The suit was originally brought in a court of the state of New York, and was removed to this court by the defendant, Theodore P. Austin. Plaintiff moves to remand.]
Isaiah T. Williams and Boyal S. Crane, for plaintiff.
Elihu Boot, for defendant
[Reported by Hon. Samuel Blatchford, District Judge, and here reprinted by permission.]

Opinion:
BLATCHFOBD, District Judge.
The motion of the plaintiff to remand this cause to the state court must be denied.
(1.) On the question as to whether, at the time this suit was commenced in the state court the defendant was a resident of Connecticut in such sense as to make him a citizen of that state, the affirmative is with the defendant as essential to the right to remove the cause, and to the jurisdiction of this court. On the evidence presented, the defendant has successfully maintained such affirmative. It is undisputed that he was a permanent resident and citizen of Connecticut down to a period shortly prior to the commencement of this suit. The presumption is, in such a case, that such permanent residence and citizenship' continues, until it is shown to be changed. There is no satisfactory evidence to show a permanent change of residence by the defendant, animo man-endi.
(2.) The cause was regularly removed into this court, on the defendant's oath as to the jurisdictional fact of residence and citizenship in Connecticut. At most, the plaintiff raises a doubt only, on that question. In such a case, the jurisdiction is to be maintained, as the act of congress makes such oath prima facie evidence of the jurisdictional fact.
(3.) Being regular in his proceedings for removal, the defendant, on this motion, fairly disputes the claim that he was not, when the suit was commenced, a resident and citizen of Connecticut In such case it is not a proper practice to remand the cause on motion. Dennistoun v. Draper [Case No. 3,804]; Galvin v. Boutwell [Id. 5,207].