Case Name: The People of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Juan Rivera, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1994-09-22
Citations: 207 A.D.2d 732
Docket Number: 
Parties: The People of the State of New York, Respondent, v Juan Rivera, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 207
Pages: 732–733

Head Matter:
The People of the State of New York, Respondent, v Juan Rivera, Appellant.
[616 NYS2d 610]

Opinion:
—Judgment, Supreme Court, New York County (Stephen Barrett, J.), rendered No vember 29, 1989, convicting defendant, after a jury trial, of two counts of burglary in the first degree, and robbery in the first and second degrees, and sentencing him, as a second felony offender, to concurrent terms of 8 to 16 years (first 3 counts) and 5 to 10 years (4th count), respectively, unanimously affirmed.
Defendant and others robbed the victim in his apartment and burglarized the contents of the apartment; the victim recognized the defendant from the building. The defendant hit the victim on the head with a beer bottle, which drew blood and caused physical pain to the victim for several days, and, while displaying a knife, kicked him in the back, knocking the victim to the ground, which caused additional pain. As a result of such pain, the victim was forced to miss three days of work. The evidence of physical injury was legally sufficient (People v Usman, 181 AD2d 628, lv denied 79 NY2d 1055; People v Gerino, 157 AD2d 570).
By failing to challenge the "no adverse inference" instruction provided at defendant's request pursuant to CPL 300.10 (2), either on statutory (People v Autry, 75 NY2d 836) or constitutional (People v Iannelli, 69 NY2d 684, cert denied 482 US 914) grounds, defendant has failed to preserve any of his present claims. Since the instruction conveyed the appropriate principles of law (People v Nunez, 182 AD2d 527, lv denied 80 NY2d 836), we decline to review in the interest of justice. Concur—Sullivan, J. P., Carro, Ellerin, Kupferman and Asch, JJ.