Case Name: Phil H. Moore, Appellant, v. J. Thomas Reinhardt, Respondent
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1909-06-11
Citations: 132 A.D. 707
Docket Number: 
Parties: Phil H. Moore, Appellant, v. J. Thomas Reinhardt, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 132
Pages: 707–710

Head Matter:
Phil H. Moore, Appellant, v. J. Thomas Reinhardt, Respondent.
First Department,
June 11, 1909.
Discovery — accounting in equity— discovery denied — practice.
A plaintiff, suing in equity for an accounting under an agreement to divide the profits, of stocks sold by the defendant, is not entitled to a discovery and inspec- , tion of the defendant’s books and papers prior to an interlocutory judgment directing an accounting.
The proper practice in a suit for an accounting in equity is to obtain an interlocutory judgment for an accounting by trial at Special Term, and that right being established, a' reference may be ordered and the referee require the defendant to produce the necessary books and papers.
In such a suit an account served by the defendant prior to the interlocutory judgment is not binding upon the plaintiff, nor is he required to disprove it in order to obtain the judgment for an accounting.
Clarke, J., dissented.
Appeal by the plaintiff, Phil H. Moore, from an- order of the Supreme Court, made at the Hew York Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Hew York on the 25th day of January, 1909, denying the plaintiff’s motion for a discovery and inspection of certain books and papers of the defendant.
Walter B. Raymond, for the appellant.
Romeyn Berry, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Ingraham, J.:
The complaint in this action alleges the making of two separate agreements, by which the defendant agreed to accept an option to purchase the capital stock of a gold, mining company, to market the stock and to divide the profits derived thus equally with the plaintiff. The agreement provided that the defendant should, " every three months furnish the party of the second part a summary statement showing the ambunt of gross profits on the sale of the said stock, the amount of expenses, the amount of commissions, the amount paid on account of advances or loans, and interest, and the amount of net profits then appearing; " and there was to be a final accounting on August 28, 1909. The complaint alleges that the parties proceeded under this agreement; that the defendant had neglected, refused and failed to furnish the plaintiff every three months, or any other time, a summary statement required by the contracts; that the defendant had not acted under said contracts in good faith, but had acted solely for his own interest and profit and in disregard of the interest and rights of the plaintiff; had made bogus or nominal sales of stock, and has refused to account to the plaintiff for his transactions under said contract, and, for a second cause of action, alleged that the defendant promised and agreed with the plaintiff to exercise certain options for the purchase of this stock on or before the 28th day of August, 1908, but had neglected, refused and failed to exercise said options to the great loss and damage of the plaintiff. The complaint demands judgment that the defendant be restrained from making bogus or nominal sales of the stock and from acting further under said contract between the parties; that the contracts be dissolved and an account taken of all the dealings and transactions of the defendant from the commencement of the action, and that the plaintiff have-judgment for $250,000.
It is not alleged in the complaint that the plaintiff has sustained damage in the amount of $250,000, or any other sum. The answer' admitted the making of the contract and set up several defenses aiid counterclaims, to which the plaintiff replied.. After the commencement of the.action the defendant served upon the plaintiff what lie alleged to be an account of his transactions under the contract. The defendant then made a motion to refer the issue to hear and determine, which motion was denied, whereupon the plaintiff made an application for a discovery of' the defendant's books and papers, alleging as a reason therefor that lie had no means Of ascertaining whether or not the account furnished by the defendant was correct, and whether or not all the items included in said account were incurred in connection with the defendant's operations and transactions under his contract with the plaintiff, except by a discovery and inspection of the books, papers and vouchers of the defendant. This motion was denied and from the order entered denying the motion the plaintiff appeals.
The main object of this, action is for an accounting. If such an accounting is ordered the defendant will be compelled to file his account of the transactions as between the parties under the contract, and the court, by an interlocutory judgment, will make the proper directions in relation to such an accounting in which a referee can be appointed to take and state the accounts. The account sent to the plaintiff after the commencement of the action is not binding upon the plaintiff and the plaintiff is not required to disprove or falsify that account to be entitled to an interlocutory judgment for an accounting. If, by the interlocutory judgment, an accounting is ordered and a referee appointed to take and state the accounts between the parties, the referee will have control of the proceedings and can require the defendant to produce the boobs, papers and vouchers, of .which a discovery is sought to enable the plaintiff to. file objections to the account as furnished by the defendant, or for use on the accounting. If is quite apparent that the books and papers of which a discovery is sought are not material upon the decision of the application for an interlocutory judgment, and the plaintiff does not ask for a discovery for that purpose; nor would the same be competent evidence upon the trial of the action at Special Term until an accounting is ordered. The books and papers, a discovery of which is sought, are not the books and papers of any copartnership existing between the plaintiff and the defendant, but "the books and papers of the defendant's business in which the defendant has entered certain transactions which will be involved, in the accounting when one is ordered, but such books and papers can only become material after an accounting is ordered. When the defendant has filed his account it will be necessary, for him to prove the items which are objected to- by the plaintiff. So far as these books and papers are necessary for use upon that accounting their production before the referee can be compelled ; but nothing appears upon this application to bring the case within rule 14 of the General Buies of Practice as showing that this discovery is material and necessary for the plaintiff, either upon the tripl of the action at Special Term, or that they would be competent evidence upon that trial, or that an inspection is necessary to enable the plaintiff to prepare for that trial. (General Buies of Practice, rule 14, subd. 3.) In an action for an accounting the proper practice is to bring the case on for trial at Special Term when the plaintiff, on establishing his right to an accounting, is entitled to an interlocutory judgment directing that the accounts between the parties be investigated and settled, and after such an interlocutory judg ment is entered and. the plaintiffs right to an accounting established, the evidence necessary upon the accounting then becomes material; but until that right is established by the Special Term, it is quite evident that the evidence in relation to the account is not material evidence in the action, and the court is not justified in compelling a ' discovery of such evidence until such interlocutory judgment is entered. This rule, of course, applies only to an action in equity for an accounting.
The order appealed from is, therefore, affirmed, with ten. dollars costs and disbursements.
McLaughlin, Houghton and Soott, JJ., concurred ; Clarke, J., dissented.
Order affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.