Case Name: Erika Isabel AVILA, Petitioner, v. IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2003-01-22
Citations: 54 F. App'x 674
Docket Number: No. 02-71485; INS No. A74-397-442
Parties: Erika Isabel AVILA, Petitioner, v. IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 54
Pages: 674–675

Head Matter:
Erika Isabel AVILA, Petitioner, v. IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent.
No. 02-71485.
INS No. [ AXX-XXX-XXX ].
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
Submitted Jan. 13, 2003.
Decided Jan. 22, 2003.
Before BEEZER, KLEINFELD, and PAEZ, Circuit Judges.
The Immigration and Naturalization Service is the proper respondent under the transitional rules of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (“IIRIRA”).
The panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a)(2).

Opinion:
MEMORANDUM
Erika Isabel Avila, a native and citizen of Guatemala, petitions pro se for review of the Board of Immigration Appeal's ("BIA") dismissal of her appeal from an Immigration Judge's denial of her applications for asylum and withholding of deportation. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1105a(a). We review for substantial evidence the BIA's determination that Avila is not eligible for asylum. INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. 478, 481, 112 S.Ct. 812,117 L.Ed.2d 38 (1992). We deny the petition.
Based on Avila's testimony and asylum application, substantial evidence supports the BIA's determination that the guerillas approached her because of her secretarial and accounting skills, rather than because of any political opinion, actual or imputed. See Rivera-Moreno v. INS, 213 F.3d 481, 486-87 (9th Cir.2000). Accordingly, substantial evidence supports the BIA's conclusion that Avila did not show a well-founded fear of future persecution on account of a prohibited ground. See Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. at 481, 112 S.Ct. 812; see also Lim v. INS, 224 F.3d 929, 936 (9th Cir.2000) (stating that "[tjhreats alone, without more, do not demonstrate past persecution.").
Because Avila failed to establish eligibility for asylum, she necessarily failed to satisfy the more stringent standard for withholding of deportation. See Ghaly v. INS, 58 F.3d 1425, 1429 (9th Cir.1995).
Finally, contrary to Avila's contention, the BIA provided an adequate statement of its reasons for denying her requested relief. See id. at 1430.
PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as may be provided by 9 th Cir. R. 36-3.