Case Name: UNITED STATES of America v. Herman MERCADO, Appellant
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2009-06-10
Citations: 327 F. App'x 380
Docket Number: No. 08-1410
Parties: UNITED STATES of America v. Herman MERCADO, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 327
Pages: 380–382

Head Matter:
UNITED STATES of America v. Herman MERCADO, Appellant.
No. 08-1410.
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.
Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a) May 19, 2009.
Filed: June 10, 2009.
Daryl F. Bloom, Esq., Office of United States Attorney, Harrisburg, PA, for United States of America.
Christopher A. Ferro, Esq., Griest, Himes, Gettle, Brillhart & Herrold, York, PA, for Appellant.
Herman Mercado, Fort Dix, NJ, pro se.
Before: RENDELL and GARTH, Circuit Judges, and PADOVA, District Judge .
Honorable John R. Padova, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, sitting by designation.

Opinion:
OPINION OF THE COURT
RENDELL, Circuit Judge.
Appellant Herman Mercado pled guilty to one count of possession with intent to distribute fifty grams or more of "crack" cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1). The District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania entered judgment and sentenced Mercado to 120 months' incarceration, the statutory minimum sentence under 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(A)(iii). Mercado appeals the sentence on several grounds. Mercado's attorney moved to withdraw as counsel and filed a brief in accordance with Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967). Finding no non-frivolous arguments in support of Mercado's appeal, we will affirm the judgment and sentence of the District Court and grant the motion to withdraw.
In assessing an Anders brief, we must determine: 1) whether counsel has thoroughly examined the record and explained why the appeal presents no issues of arguable merit; and 2) whether our independent review of the record presents any non-frivolous issues. United States v. Youla, 241 F.3d 296, 300 (3d Cir.2001); Third Circuit L.A.R. 109.2(a). If the Anders brief appears adequate on its face, we will confine our inquiry to the portions of the record identified in an appellant's pro se brief and counsel's Anders brief. You-la, 241 F.3d at 301.
Here, counsel's Anders brief appears adequate on its face. Counsel identified three general grounds for challenging a conviction and sentence based on a guilty plea—jurisdiction, validity and voluntariness of the plea, and legality and reasonableness of the sentence—and thoroughly explained why there were no arguably appealable issues in Mercado's case. Therefore, we restrict our analysis to the issues raised by counsel and Mercado in his pro se brief.
First, Mercado argues that the District Court was required, but failed, to examine disparities in the penalties prescribed for crack cocaine and powder cocaine offenses ("crack-cocaine disparity") under the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines. As support for the per se rule urged, Mercado cites Kimbrough v. United States, 552 U.S. 85, 128 S.Ct. 558, 169 L.Ed.2d 481 (2007). In Kimbrough, the Supreme Court made clear that a district court may—not that it must—consider the crack-cocaine disparity in its analysis of the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors. Id. Accordingly, since Kimbrough was decided, two courts of appeals have expressly rejected a categorical rule mandating consideration of the crack-cocaine disparity under § 3553(a)(6) in every case. See United States v. Roberson, 517 F.3d 990, 995 (8th Cir.2008); United States v. Berggren, 267 Fed.Appx. 868, 870 (11th Cir.2008). Mercado's insistence that the crack-cocaine disparity was "unwarranted" under § 3553(a)(6) is particularly unpersuasive here, as the Court imposed the statutory minimum sentence, and it was identical to that which Mercado would have received under Amendment 706 of the Sentencing Guidelines.
Second, Mercado asserts that the District Court believed—erroneously—that the Sentencing Guidelines were mandatory, and that a downward departure to reflect the crack-cocaine disparity was prohibited. For his position, Mercado relies entirely on the Court's failure specifically to cite Kimbrough; Mercado concedes that there is no affirmative evidence in the record of any misapprehension. In any event, we identify clear evidence in the record evincing the District Court's awareness of its discretion to deviate from the Guidelines. The Court stated, "Although I am required to start with the Guidelines as an initial benchmark, I will not presume that the Guidelines is [sic] reasonable. Rather, I will make an individualized assessment based upon the facts presented." A. 19. The District Court also cites United States v. Gunter, where we recognized a district court's discretion to deviate from the Guidelines. 462 F.3d 237, 248 (3d Cir.2006). In Gunter, we stated, "a sentencing court errs when it believes that it has no discretion to consider the crack/powder cocaine differential incorporated in the Guidelines," and that "district courts may consider the crack/powder cocaine differential in the Guidelines as a factor, but not a mandate, in the postBoolcer sentencing process." Id. Because we conclude that the District Court properly understood that the Guidelines were advisory rather than mandatory, we reject Mercado's second contention.
Finally, Mercado argues that his sentence should be vacated and his base offense level recalculated under an amendment to the Guidelines that was adopted after entry of his guilty plea. Mercado's argument fails at the outset, however, because he was sentenced under Amendment 706 and, as indicated earlier, received the statutory minimum sentence. A. 20.
For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that Counsel filed an adequate Anders brief, and that our independent review of the record reveals no appealable issues of arguable merit. Therefore, we will AFFIRM the judgment of the District Court and GRANT Counsel's motion to withdraw.
. We exercise jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. United States v. Tannis, 942 F.2d 196, 197 (3d Cir. 1991).
. Before the adoption of Amendment 706 in November of 2007, the Sentencing Guidelines reflected a uniform 100 to 1 crack/powder cocaine disparity. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 2Dl.l(c) (2006) (amended Nov. 2007). Under Amendment 706, the ratio varies, at different offense levels, between 25 to 1 and 80 to 1. U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1(c)(2008).