Case Name: Ellen Flanagan, Respondent, v. Ethel Rosoff, Appellant
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1940-12-20
Citations: 260 A.D. 776
Docket Number: 
Parties: Ellen Flanagan, Respondent, v. Ethel Rosoff, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 260
Pages: 776–778

Head Matter:
Ellen Flanagan, Respondent, v. Ethel Rosoff, Appellant.
First Department,
December 20, 1940.
Alexander E. Rosenthal of counsel [Irving Segal, attorney], for the appellant.
Samuel S. Goodman, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Cohn, J.
The action, which was brought to recover damages for personal injuries, is based on the negligence of defendant in failing to keep lighted a rear outside stairway in a three-family dwelling.
Defendant is the owner of a brick building, containing two stories and a basement. One family resides in the basement, another family on the first floor and a third on the second floor. The building has two separate stairways, the main one in the front of the building and another at the rear.
The rear stairway consists of stairs leading from the yard to the first floor and thence to the upper floor. The lower portion of this stairway runs alongside of the building. It is then necessary to traverse a part of the porch of the first floor to a flight of stairs which leads to a porch on the second floor. This latter staircase, upon which the accident occurred, was out in the open and uninclosed.
In affirming the determination of the trial court, the Appellate Term has held that section 40 of the Multiple Dwelling Law required the defendant to keep lighted the outside stairway upon which plaintiff fell.
In New York city the Multiple Dwelling Law has superseded the Tenement House Law. (Cf. Laws of 1929, chap. 713.) Section 40 of the Multiple Dwelling Law is entitled " Artificial hall lighting " and reads, in part, as follows: " In every multiple dwelling the owner shall provide a light or lights which shall be of not less than fifteen watts or equivalent photometric rating for the vestibule and entrance hall and in every public hall, stair, firestair and firetower, on every floor."
The purpose of the foregoing section is to enforce illumination of specific interior portions of a multiple dwelling. The statute does not require lights for exterior steps or places. It was so held in the case of Indinali v. Lerner (243 App. Div. 735) which construed a similar section of the Tenement House Law. In the case of Hunter v. G. W. H. W. Realty Co., Inc. (247 App. Div. 385) this court also held that there is no section of the Multiple Dwelling Law which requires handrails on an outside stoop or stairs. (See, also, Schaaf v. Rochester Trust & Safe Deposit Co., 259 App. Div. 783.)
Under the common law there is. no requirement upon the part of the owner of realty to maintain artificial lighting for any portion of the premises. (Stacy v. Shapiro, 212 App. Div. 723, 726; Lindsley v. Stern, 203 id. 615, 617; Kunder v. Purchase Holding Co., 188 id. 94.) In the absence of statutory mandate, the defendant was under no obligation to maintain lighting over the outside stairway where the accident occurred.
The determination of the Appellate Term and the judgment of the Municipal Court in favor of plaintiff should be reversed and the complaint dismissed, with costs to defendant in all courts.
Martin, P. J., O'Malley andJTowNLEY, JJ., concur; Dore, J., dissents and votes to affirm.