Case Name: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Johnny L. STANLEY, Appellant
Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision Date: 2008-03-21
Citations: 270 F. App'x 454
Docket Number: No. 06-4168
Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Johnny L. STANLEY, Appellant.
Judges: 
Reporter: West's Federal Appendix
Volume: 270
Pages: 454–455

Head Matter:
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Johnny L. STANLEY, Appellant.
No. 06-4168.
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
Submitted: March 18, 2008.
Filed: March 21, 2008.
Madeleine T. Cardarella, Asst. Fed. Public Defender, Kansas City, MO (Raymond C. Conrad, Jr., Fed. Public Defender, on the brief), for appellant.
Bruce E. Clark, Asst. U.S. Atty., Kansas City, MO (John F. Wood, U.S. Atty., on the brief), for appellee.
Before WOLLMAN, COLLOTON, and BENTON, Circuit Judges.

Opinion:
PER CURIAM.
After Johnny Stanley pleaded guilty to possessing five firearms while subject to a valid court order, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8) and 924(a)(2), the district court accepted his plea and sentenced him to 24 months in prison and 3 years of supervised release. On appeal we denied counsel's request under Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), to withdraw, and we directed the parties to file briefs addressing whether the district court established an adequate factual basis for the guilty plea. Specifically, the parties were to address whether Stanley received actual notice of the state court hearing that resulted in an order of protection being issued, the existence of which was the basis for the instant firearm charge. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8) (stating in relevant part that court order must have been "issued after a hearing of which such person received actual notice, and at which such person had an opportunity to participate"). We now reverse the conviction and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
At the change-of-plea hearing, the government described the following evidence that would have been presented had there been a trial. On September 28, 2005, Independence, Missouri police officers were called to help a woman retrieve an automobile that was behind a gate. As they were helping her retrieve the car, they heard three rounds of gunfire. After cordoning off the area, the officers were able to get Stanley to exit a residence and discovered five firearms inside the house. At the time of the incident, Stanley was subject to a full order of protection from Boone County, Missouri, which stated in several places that he was prohibited from possessing firearms.
Stanley testified at the plea hearing that, on September 28, he was unaware of the full order of protection. He testified that he did not receive a copy of the earlier ex parte ordei', which had included the date of the hearing to determine whether a full order of protection should issue. He explained that the' ex parte order may have been served at his mother's house while he was in jail.
On this record, we cannot say that the district court had an adequate factual basis to conclude that Stanley received "actual notice" of the order-of-protection hearing and an opportunity to participate in it, as required by section 922(g)(8). See Fed. R.Crim.P. 11(b)(3) (before entering judgment on guilty plea, court must determine there is factual basis for it); United States v. Marks, 38 F.3d 1009, 1012 (8th Cir.1994) (factual basis for plea of guilty is established when court determines there is sufficient evidence at time of plea upon which court may reasonably determine that defendant likely committed offense); see also Dusenbery v. United States, 534 U.S. 161, 169 n. 5, 122 S.Ct. 694, 151 L.Ed.2d 597 (2002) (equating "actual notice" with "receipt of notice"); Black's Law Dictionary 1090 (8th ed.2004) (defining "actual notice" as notice "given directly to, or received personally by, a party").
Stanley, however, did not raise any objection below. Therefore, we will not reverse unless it is warranted under our plain-error standard of review. See United States v. Pirani, 406 F.3d 543, 549-50 (8th Cir.2005) (en banc) (errors not properly preserved are reviewed only for plain error; there must be (1) error, which is (2) plain, (3) affects substantial rights, and (4) seriously affects fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings). We conclude that the error was plain and affected Stanley's substantial rights, because the evidence presented at the change-of-plea hearing was insufficient to convict him of violating section 922(g)(8). We also conclude that the error seriously affects the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of the judicial proceedings, because a miscarriage of justice would result if the error were left uncorrected. See United States v. Harper, 466 F.3d 634, 644 (8th Cir.2006), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 127 S.Ct. 1504, 167 L.Ed.2d 242 (2007).
Accordingly, Stanley's conviction is reversed and we remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.