Case Name: SALLEY v. COX
Court: Supreme Court of South Carolina
Jurisdiction: South Carolina
Decision Date: 1913-04-01
Citations: 94 S.C. 216
Docket Number: 8499
Parties: SALLEY v. COX.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Carolina Reports
Volume: 94
Pages: 216–224

Head Matter:
8499
SALLEY v. COX.
1. Landlord and Tenant — Cropper—Real Property. — Where a cropper voluntarily abandons a crop without fault on the part of the landlord or without reasonable cause or excuse, he forfeits all interest in the crop.
Mr. Justice Woods thinks under circumstances there should be an apportionment of profits.
2. Charge. — A reouest to charge should not be made while the Judge is delivering his charge to the jun, but should be sent up in writing before the argument begins. When other points are suggested by the argument, requests as to them may be sent up at the close of the argument. Points suggested by the charge should be sent up at the close of the charge, at which time errors or omissions in the charge should be called to the Judge’s attention.
Before Frank B. Gary, J., Charleston, April term, 1913.
Reversed.
Action by B. M. Salley against H. L. Cox. Defendant appeals.
Mr. Bdwin J. Blank, for appellant, cites:
Plaintiff was a laborer: 20 S. C. 1. And the principle of accounting does not apply: 15 S. C. 82.
Mr. Prank P. Herndon, contra. Oral argument.
April 1, 1913.

Opinion:
The opinion of the Court was delivered by
Mr. Justice Hydricic.
Plaintiff brought this action to recover the value of his share of a cotton crop raised on defendant's land, and also the value of certain small crops, which belonged to him individually. He alleged that defendant compelled him to1 leave his place in August, and refused to allow him to gather the crops, and that defendant had gathered and appropriated them to his own use.
Defendant denied that he had compelled plaintiff to leave, and alleged that, having violated the terms of the contract, plaintiff abandoned the crop and left, and he was put to the expense of raising and harvesting it, and, after deducting said expenses and plaintiff's indebtedness to him, there was nothing left of plaintiff's share.
There was sharp conflict in the testimony as to- whose fault caused the breach of the contract. Defendant's attorney requested the Court to charge: "It is incumbent upon the plaintiff to show by preponderance of evidence that he executed his part of the agreement as alleged in the complaint ; and if he has failed to do so; or did not carry out and execute his part of the agreement, or voluntarily abandoned said crop; you must find for defendant." The Court declined to charge this request, but charged, in response thereto, as follows: "If the plaintiff had a contract with the defendant and abandoned the crop, and made it necessary for the defendant to gather it, the defendant would be allowed to charge whatever it cost him to' gather the crop. I will go t0' that extent and charge you that."
We think his Honor erred in so' charging; for, in the connection in which it was given, the instruction necessarily implied that, even though plaintiff voluntarily abandoned the crop; he would be entitled to share in the surplus, after payment of all expenses of gathering it. When a cropper voluntarily abandons a crop, without fault on the part of the landowner, he forfeits all interest therein. 12 Cyc. 981. A moment's reflection, in which the situation of the parties to such a contract is considered at its various stages, from the making to the completion thereof, will show that the rule announced 'by the Circuit Court might work great injustice to the landowner. Suppose, for instance, the cropper voluntarily abandons his crop- and contract in the early spring, just after it is planted, under this ruling, the landowner would be compelled either to lose the fertilizer and seed which had been put into the ground, and, perhaps, also, the use of his land and the stock and implements which he had proctired and set apart for the use of the cropper, or employ other help and carry the crop1 to completion. Yet, if he did the latter, he would have to share the profits with the cropper whose abandonment of his crop and breach of his contract were without cause or excuse. A different rule would apply, if the abandonment was due to misfortune or to. some just cause, but where it is. done voluntarily and without reasonable cause or excuse, the cropper is certainly not entitled to share in the crop' so abandoned.
2 It is but fair to the learned Judge to say that the request above quoted was improperly presented, in that it was done orally, and in the midst of the charge, and, therefore, he had no opportunity whatever to. consider it. Under the circumstances, he would have been fully justified in refusing to consider it at all.
The rule of Court requires that requests to charge must be presented in writing, and before the argument begins. This wa's intended to give the trial Judge opportunity to consider them during the argument to the jury. The rule also provides that, at the close of the argument, such additional requests as have been suggested by the course of the argument may be presented; and it would be proper for counsel, at the close of the charge, to present such additional requests as have been suggested by the charge, and that is the proper time to call the attention of the Court to- errors or omissions in the. charge which counsel reasonably suppose are due to1 inadvertence, oversight, and, perhaps, other causes. But the circumstances would be rare, indeed, which would warrant counsel in interrupting the Judge, while he is charging the jury for such purpose.
Reversed.