Case Name: Leonard Locke v. Lemuel Locke et al.
Court: New Jersey Court of Chancery
Jurisdiction: New Jersey
Decision Date: 1889-02
Citations: 45 N.J. Eq. 97
Docket Number: 
Parties: Leonard Locke v. Lemuel Locke et al.
Judges: 
Reporter: New Jersey Equity Reports
Volume: 45
Pages: 97–99

Head Matter:
Leonard Locke v. Lemuel Locke et al.
A gift to the testator’s “ nearest relations ” means brothers, to the exclusion of nephews and nieces.
On bill for construction of a will.
Mr. J. J. Summerill, for the complainant.
Messrs. Bergen & Bergen, for the defendants.

Opinion:
Bird, V. C.
This bill was filed to ascertain who were intended by the testator in the use of the phrase " nearest relations," in the following clause of his will:
"After the marriage or decease of my said wife, I give and bequeath all my real estate and personal property that I have given to my said wife to be equally divided between my nearest relations, share and share alike."
The counsel for defendants insists that the true meaning is the same as the word " heirs," and that all of the estate disposed of by said clause became vested, on the death of the testator, in his heirs-at-law.
Since the testator did not use the word "heirs," but the phrase "nearest relations," it will be admitted that it will be the duty of the court to give effect to the latter rather than the former, if there be any difference in their accepted meaning. That there is a plain and unmistakable distinction, I am quite sure I need not stop to discuss. Nor is there, at this day, the slightest ambiguity as to who are embraced in the term " nearest relations." In this case the two surviving brothers claim to the exclusion of the nephews and nieces. In my judgment, this claim is well founded, and this appears to be in accordance with all of the authorities. Smith v. Campbell, 19 Ves. 400; Goodinge v. Goodinge, 1 Ves. Sr. 231; Brandon v. Brandon, 3 Swans. 312; Edge v. Salisbury, Amb. 70; Wms. Ex. (Perkins's ed.) 1227 top, and 1118, 1119. The cases above referred to show that, iii one case, a different intention was sought to be impressed on these words, but the more deliberate opinion is that such construction would be a manifest departure from the true and safe rules of interpretation. Certainly when a testator uses plain every-day English to express his meaning, there cannot be any risk of doing violence to his understanding of it by taking him at his word.
The complainant and his brother are entitled to the property in question, to the exclusion of all the nephews and nieces of the testator. The complainant is not entitled to costs.