Case Name: In the Matter of the Appraisal under the Act in Relation to Taxable Transfers of Property, of the Property of Charles P. Huntington, Deceased. Bird S. Coler, as Comptroller of the City of New York, Appellant; Roosevelt Hospital and Others, Respondents
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1901
Citations: 62 A.D. 96
Docket Number: 
Parties: In the Matter of the Appraisal under the Act in Relation to Taxable Transfers of Property, of the Property of Charles P. Huntington, Deceased. Bird S. Coler, as Comptroller of the City of New York, Appellant; Roosevelt Hospital and Others, Respondents.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 62
Pages: 96–101

Head Matter:
In the Matter of the Appraisal under the Act in Relation to Taxable Transfers of Property, of the Property of Charles P. Huntington, Deceased. Bird S. Coler, as Comptroller of the City of New York, Appellant; Roosevelt Hospital and Others, Respondents.
Transfer tax — what corporations are exempt from it.
:Section 243 of the Tax Law (Laws of 1896, chap. 908), added by chapter 382 of the Laws of 1900, which provides: “The exemptions enumerated in section four of the tax law, of which this article is a part, shall not be construed as being applicable in any manner to the provisions of article ten hereof (the article relating to the transfer tax),” operates to deprive a corporation, whose property is exempted from taxation for' general purposes by section 4 of the Tax Law, only of its exemption from the transfer tax. In construing the provisions of the Tax Law as to exemptions from the transfer tax, no referenee can be had nor effect given to section 4 of that law.
The added section does not repeal, by implication or otherwise, section 220 of the Tax Law respecting exemptions from the transfer tax, but amounts to an amendment of that section in result the same as if the Legislature had stricken ■ out the words “not exempt by law from taxation,” and had inserted in their stead the words, “ not exempt by the provisions of this .article or by charter or .other special provisions of law from taxation.”
The amendment does not confine exemptions from the transfer tax to such persons and corporations as are designated in section- 221 of the Tax Law.
Appeal by Bird S. Coler, as comptroller of the city of New York, from an order of the Surrogate’s Court of the county of New York, entered in said Surrogate’s Court on the 15th day of April, 1901, reversing an order assessing a transfer tax upon certain legacies bequeathed to the respondents.
Jabish Uol/mes, Jr., for the appellant.
Edward W. Sheldon, for the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled, respondent.
William A. Thompson, for the American Female Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless, respondent.
Stanley W. Dexter, for the Children’s Aid Society, respondent.
John Mason Knox, for the Roosevelt Hospital, respondent.

Opinion:
Hatch, J.:
Charles P. Huntington died April 20, 1900, leaving a last will and testament, which was duly admitted to probate by the Surrogate's Court of New York county, by which he gave a legacy of $20,000 to each of the following corporations, viz.: The Roosevelt Hospital, Children's Aid Society, New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled and the American Female Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless.
The Taxable Transfers Law (Laws of 1896, chap. .908, art. 10) imposes a tax of five per cent upon all transfers of property to corporations not exempt by law from taxation on. real or personal property, and an appraiser duly appointed under said act to fix the value •of the property of this estate subject to such tax, found the value of each of said legacies to be $20,000, and pursuant to his report the surrogate made and entered an order fixing the amount of the tax upon- each. From that order the said corporations appealed to the surrogate and the said order was reversed, in so far as the same fixed and assessed a tax upon the transfers to the respondents, and such transfers were held to be exempt from the transfer tax. From this order of reversal the comptroller appeals to this court, urging that none of the said corporations are exempt from the transfer tax.
It is provided by the Tax Law (General Laws, chap. 24, § 4, subd. T) that " the real property of a corporation or association organized exclusively for the moral or mental improvement of men or women or for religious, bible, tract, charitable, benevolent, missionary, hospital, infirmary, educational, scientific, literary, library, patriotic, historical or cemetery purposes, or for the enforcement of laws relating to children or animals, or for two or more such purposes, and used exclusively for carrying out thereupon one or more of such purposes; arid the personal property of any such corporation shall be exempt from taxation." Under this provision the property of each of'the corporations to whom legacies were given by the testator would be exempt from taxation for general purposes, and, under the provision of the Taxable Transfers Law referred to (Laws of 1896, chap. 908, § 220; General Laws, chap. 24), would, therefore, be exempt from the tax on transfers were no other statutes in question. In 1900, however, the Legislature amended the Taxable Transfers'Law by adding to the same a new section, which reads as follows:
" § 243. Exemptions in article one not applicable.— The exemptions enumerated in séction four of the tax law, of which this article is a part, shall not be construed as being applicable in any manner to the provisions of article1 ten hereof." (Laws of 1900, chap. 382.)
Article 10, referred'to in the statute quoted, is the article providing for tax on transfers, and it is contended by the appellant that the effect of this amendment is that in determining what corporations and individuals are exempt from taxation upon transfers of property, reference cannot be had or made to subdivision 1 of section 4 of the Tax Law, nor to any other provision of law, except the provisions of the Taxable Transfers Law itself, viz.: Article 10 of' the Tax Law, which results in confining the. .exemptions to those persons and corporations enumerated in section 221 of article 10. Under this construction only a person who is $ bishop, and only such corporations as come, under the head of religious corporations, would tie entitled to exemption from the transfer tax.
"We have reached the conclusion that the position of the appellant is right as to the effect of the amendment of 1900 upon the corporations whose property is exempted from taxation for general pur poses by section 4 of the Tax Law only. The language of the act is plain and unambiguous to the effect that the exemptions enumerated in that section shall not be applicable in any manner to the provisions of the Taxable Transfers Law, and it is the duty of this court to give it effect according to its plain import and intent. (Matter of Prime, 136 N. Y. 362.)
In giving this effect to the amendment of 1900 we are not to be understood as holding that it repeals, by implication or otherwise, the provision of section 220 of the Tax Law respecting exemptions; such is not its effect, nor is it necessary to so hold in order to reach the result announced. It amounts to an amendment of that section, in result the same as if the Legislature had stricken out the words "not exempt by law'from taxation," and had inserted in their stead the words " not exempt by the provisions of this article or by charter or other special provision of law from taxation," etc. In other words, the new section simply declares that, in construing the provisions of the Tax Law as to exemptions from the transfer tax, no reference shall be had.to section 4 of that law, nor shall any effect be given to it, but if exemption is claimed the right to it must be established by virtue of the provisions of some other law.
The amendment cannot be so construed as to extend its effect beyond this and so justify the argument of the appellant that only such persons and corporations as are designated by section 221 of the Tax Law are entitled to the exemption from the transfer tax. Such extension we deem entirely unwarrantable. The language of the new section is definite and has precise meaning. Its purpose and effect is clearly confined to the exemptions enumerated in section 4 of the Tax Law, and • where the language of a statute is definite and has a precise meaning courts cannot go beyond or outside of it under pretext of interpretation to cure any supposed blunder of the Legislature or otherwise. (Johnson v. Hudson River R. R. Co., 49 N. Y. 462.)
The amendment of 1900 went into effect before the death of the testator and is, therefore, applicable to this proceeding, and we conclude that the persons and corporations mentioned in section 221 of article 10 of the Tax Law, and such others as are exempted from taxation by the provisions of any law other than section 4 of article 1 of the Tax Law, are entitled to exemption from taxation under the Taxable Transfers Article, viz., article 10 of chapter 24 of the General Laws.
It remains to be seen, then, what is the effect of this construction upon the corporations in question.
The New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled is. a charitable corporation organized in 1863 under chapter 319 of the Laws of 1848, and bases its claim to exemption solely upon, the general exemption from taxation granted to chare " table and religious corporations contained in. section 4 of the Tax Law.
The American Female Guardian Society, and Home for the Friendless was incorporated by a special act. of the Legislature in 1849 (Chap. 244) as the American Female Guardian Society, and in 1887 its name was duly changed to that under which .it is now known. When .before the appraiser the society simply proved its incorporation, but before the surrogate it based its claim to exemption on the act creating it, and also on chapter 249 of the Laws of 1857 and chapter 285 of the Laws of 1881, but none of these laws contain provisions exempting the property of the society from taxation.
The Roosevelt Hospital was chartered by chapter 4 of the Laws of 1864, and in and by section 3 of that act it is provided that the property, real and personal, of said corporation shall be exempt from taxation, and by section 6 of the act, that the said corporation may take and hold any additional donations, grants, devises and bequests which may be made to it.
The Children's Aid Society was organized under the provisions of chapter 319 of the Laws of 1848,providing for the incorporation of benevolent, charitable and missionary societies. This act contains no exemption from taxation, but chapter 468 of the Laws of 1868, a special act relating to said society, provides that the real and personal property belonging to the society shall be exempt from taxation, and this exemption is also contained in the New York Consolidation Act (Laws of 1882, chap. 410, § 824, subd. 12).
It follows, applying the provisions of the law. as we have com strued them, that the property of the American Female Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless and of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled, is not exempt from the transfer tax, and as to them the order appealed from should be reversed, and the order assessing a transfer tax upon each of their legacies of $20,000 should be affirmed.
The Roosevelt Hospital and Children's Aid Society are entitled to the exemption from the transfer tax claimed by them and allowed by the surrogate, and as to each of them the order appealed from should be affirmed, without costs of this appeal to either party.
Patterson, Ingraham, McLaughlin and Laughlin, JJ., concurred.
As to American Female Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless and the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled, order reversed, and order assessing a transfer tax upon each of their legacies affirmed.
As to the Roosevelt Hospital and Children's Aid Society, order affirmed, without costs of appeal to either party.