Case Name: Charles H. Smith, Appellant, v. Frank W. Geraty, City Marshal, et al., Respondents
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Term
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1909-06
Citations: 64 Misc. 40
Docket Number: 
Parties: Charles H. Smith, Appellant, v. Frank W. Geraty, City Marshal, et al., Respondents.
Judges: 
Reporter: New York Miscellaneous Reports
Volume: 64
Pages: 40–42

Head Matter:
Charles H. Smith, Appellant, v. Frank W. Geraty, City Marshal, et al., Respondents.
(Supreme Court, Appellate Term,
June, 1909.)
Default — Opening default: Order to show cause; Order opening — Effect of order vacating judgment.
Upon a motion by the defendant under an order to show cause why the judgment rendered upon his default should not be vacated, the court may malee an order opening the defendant’s default, where the moving papers clearly show that such is the relief desired.
An order which vacates a judgment in favor" of the plaintiff is effectual to open defendant’s default though the latter words are not used in the order.
Appeal by the plaintiff from an order of the Municipal Court of the city of ¡New York, third district, borough of Manhattan.
Charles H. Smith, for appellant.
Charles M. MacLaren, for respondents.

Opinion:
Gildersleeve, J.
Issue was joined in this case by a complaint and answer, and the case was set down for trial upon January 29, 1909. The-plaintiff's attorney having, as he says, " found myself suddenly overwhelmed with imperative appointments," applied to the defendants' attorney for a postponement; and a written stipulation was entered into between them, setting the case down for trial on February 4, 1909, and this stipulation was filed with the clerk of the court. On February fourth, the defendant not appearing, the plaintiff took an inquest; and judgment was entered against the defendant by default. On February sixth the defendant obtained an order requiring the- plaintiff to show cause " why the judgment heretofore entered herein by default should not be vacated and set aside." This order was based upon two affidavits, sworn to on February sixth; one by the defendant, in which, after reciting, in substance, that he had that day for the first time learned that a judgment had been taken against him, and that he had been informed that his case had been set down for trial for February fifth, he " therefore asks (referring to the judgment) that the same be set aside and that the case be reinstated and set for some convenient date." The other affidavit is by defendants' attorney, who swears that he understood that the agreement between himself and plaintiff's attorney fixed the date of trial for February fifth, and that he learned for the first time on February fifth that a judgment had been taken against his client on February fourth. He also asks " that the default be set aside and that the case be reinstated for trial." The motion so made was granted, and an order entered by which it was directed " that the judgment be vacated and the action be set down for trial on February 24th, 1909." The plaintiff appeals from this order. The motion made by the defendant was clearly a motion to open his default. It is true that in the order to show cause he only asks that the " judgment be vacated," nevertheless, he expressly states, in the affidavit served with the order, that he desires to have the cause restored to the calendar and set for trial. Unless we are prepared to hold that a moving party is rigidly bound to the precise relief asked for in his notice of motion, and that, although he clearly expresses in his affidavit that he desires and shows himself entitled to other relief, it cannot be granted, and we know of no such authority, we must hold that -this motion was made under section 253 of the Municipal Court Act, and not, as claimed by the plaintiff's attorney, under section 254 of that act. This case differs materially from that of Block v. Weinstein, 113 N. Y. Supp. 1067, cited by the plaintiff. True, in that case, the motion was made, as in this, to vacate the judgment; but the court there said: " The defendant in no way indicated, either in his notice of motion or affidavits used, that he desired his default opened." We have already pointed out that in the case at bar the moving affidavit of the defendant expressly asked for the relief to which he is entitled under section 253, supra. In the case of Freidberger v. Stulpnagel, 59 Misc. Rep. 498, this court said, regarding applications to open defaults, " he must show by his moving papers that he intends to bring himself within the jurisdiction and power of the court to grant him .the relief asked for." In the case at bar the defendant has fully complied with this requirement. It is strongly urged that the order made is invalid, as it does not declare that the default shall be opened. This contention is seemingly based upon the fact that the order does not use the words " open the default " as contained in section 253. There is no force in this contention. The order vacates the judgment. This, an order made under section 253 must do. A vacatur of the judgment is one of the essentials of the order. Dorfman v. Hirschfield, 53 Misc. Rep. 538. The reason of this is obvious. In opening a default, the judgment should not be allowed to remain a lien upon the property of the defendant, the substitute for that being provided for in section 256 of the Municipal Court Act, where the only condition that can be imposed for opening a default is the requiring of an undertaking or the deposit of the amount of the judgment, thus leaving the property of the defendant free, pending the litigation. That the vacating of the judgment, however, opened the default, follows as a matter of course. When the judgment is vacated, and the case set down for trial, there is no default in existence, and the order need not so expressly declare. The motion in this case, as we have seen, being one to open a default, the order made thereunder is not appealable; and we cannot consider the sufficiency of the affidavit -used upon the motion in the court below.
MaoLean and Seabuby, JJ., concur.
Appeal dismissed, with ten dollars costs.