Case Name: WEST v. STATE
Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
Jurisdiction: Texas
Decision Date: 1919-11-26
Citations: 216 S.W. 186
Docket Number: No. 5510
Parties: WEST v. STATE.
Judges: 
Reporter: South Western Reporter
Volume: 216
Pages: 186–187

Head Matter:
(86 Tex. Cr. R. 296)
WEST v. STATE.
(No. 5510.)
(Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
Nov. 26, 1919.)
1. Witnesses >©=>370(2) — Impeachment fob BIAS.
In a prosecution for violation of the local option law, defendant should have been allowed to introduce evidence showing that a cousin of the state’s witness was under indictment for the sale of intoxicating liquors, and that defendant was a witness against her; it being his theory that the state’s witness was biased against him, and trying to obtain his conviction to prevent prosecution of his cousin.
2. Witnesses <©=>268(10) — Cross-examination OF WITNESS WHO TESTIFIED AS TO CHARACTER OF LIQUID.
Where the state’s witness identified a fluid which he claimed to have bought from defendant as whisky, stating that he tested it after medicine had been put in it, and that it then tasted like whisky, it was permissible to show, on cross-examination, the kind of medicine put into the fluid.
3. Criminal law <©=>921, 928 — Right to new TRIAL FOR MISCONDUCT OF JUDGE.
In a prosecution for violation of the local option law, where the court erroneously excluded testimony offered to show motive of the state’s witness, defendant should have been granted a new trial, where it further appeared that the jury, upon inquiry by'the judge as to whether they had reached a verdict, assumed that if verdict was not shortly reached they would be confined over Sunday, and that the jury rendered a yerdiet of guilty within a few hours, although at the time of the inquiry a majority were in favor of acquittal.
Appeal from District Court, Montgomery County; D. F. Singleton, Judge.
Foster West was convicted of violating the local option prohibition law, and he appeals.
Reversed and remanded.
McCall, Crawford & McCall, of Conroe, for appellant.
Alvin M. Owsley, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.

Opinion:
MORROW, J.
The conviction is for the sale of liquors in violation of the local option prohibition law.
The evidence is quite conflicting, but in view of the direct testimony of the state witness Hubbard that he purchased a pint of whisky from the appellant, we would not feel authorized to order a reversal because the evidence was insufficient to sustain the conviction. The witness claimed to have obtained the'whisky from appellant while at a station on the railroad, and that appellant had'in possession a grip from which he took the whisky. The witness also said that he took the bottle of whisky to his mother's home, and that she put medicine into it, and that after she put medicine — but not before —he tasted it, and it had the taste of whisky. The mother's testimony was not given on the trial.
The appellant sought to introduce evidence to show that Rachel Clark, a cousin and associate of the state witness Hubbard, was under indictment for the sale of intoxicating liquors, and that the appellant was a witness against her, he advancing the theory that the state's witness was giving false testimony against him, and that he was animated by his friendship and relationship to Rachel Clark and his desire to prevent her prosecution by the conviction of appellant. The motives which influence a witness are never regarded immaterial, and great latitude is extended in admission of testimony. Mason v. State, 7 Tex. App. 623, and other cases cited in Branch's Annotated Penal Code, p. 93, § 163, and we think the proffered evidence, in view of the record, should have been received.
In view of the fact that one of the means by which the state's witness identified the fluid, which he claimed to have bought from the appellant, as whisky, was the fact that he had tasted it after medicine had been put in it, and that it then tasted like whisky, it was permissible that he show on cross-examination the kind of medicine that was in the mixture.
A continuance was sought to obtain the testimony of a witness who was with the appellant at the time it was charged that the offense took place, and by whom he could negative possession of the whisky or the grip which the state witness described.' We think the trial court's ruling in denying the application was justified for the reason that the diligence was insufficient.
In connection with the motion for a new trial, the appellant introduced affidavits of two witnesses, one of them to the effect that on the day that the offense was charged to have been committed he was in the village of Willis — where the sale was charged to have'taken place — and saw the appellant and state's witness Hubbard; that Hubbard got into the car with the witness and went to the home of the witness' brother and spent the night, and that Hubbard did not go to his mother's house as he claimed; and in the affidavit was set out circumstances tending to show that the witness Hubbard was not in possession of the pint of whisky which he claimed to have bought of the appellant and taken to his mother's house. This evidence, while tending to impeach the witness Hubbard, also tended to show that he did not obtain the whisky from appellant.
It appears that the case was submitted to the jury on Friday afternpon; that they deliberated until midnight without reaching a verdict, nine of the jurors at that time favoring acquittal.' The jury occupied a room at the jail, and at about 7 o'clock (new time) the following morning, while some of the jurors were still in bed, the trial judge went to the jail and inquired of the sheriff whether the jury had agreed to a verdict. The sheriff made inquiry of them, and, receiving a negative answer, the judge remarked that he would return to his boarding house, get his grip, pay his bill, and be at the courthouse at 8 o'clock. The jury learned from the sheriff of the visit of the judge, and apparently got the impression that he wanted to leave for his home, 75 miles distant, on a train which would depart about 8 o'clock or shortly after; and that in consequence they would, unless they decided the matter at once, be detained until Monday following: They did bring in a verdict before 8 o'clock, and the judge was able to catch the train mentioned. It is patent that the judge had no intention to influence them or to improperly communicate with them, and it is a matter of doubt whether his visit to the jail had a direct effect upon. the action of the jury. Appellant insists, however, that the circumstances indicate that the action of the judge in the matter detailed probably influenced the jury in compromising and bringing in a verdict immediately.
Considering the errors pointed out in the exclusion of testimony, and the whole record, we think the trial court was in error in refusing to grant the new trial. It is therefore ordered that the judgment of the trial court be reversed, and the cause remanded.
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