Case Name: The People of the State of New York ex rel. The Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad Company, Relator, v. James A. Roberts, as Comptroller of the State of New York, Respondent
Court: New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction: New York
Decision Date: 1896-04
Citations: 4 A.D. 334
Docket Number: 
Parties: The People of the State of New York ex rel. The Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad Company, Relator, v. James A. Roberts, as Comptroller of the State of New York, Respondent.
Judges: 
Reporter: Appellate Division Reports
Volume: 4
Pages: 334–337

Head Matter:
The People of the State of New York ex rel. The Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad Company, Relator, v. James A. Roberts, as Comptroller of the State of New York, Respondent.
Tax upon corporations — the return to a certiorari should show all the facts — capacity to earn dividends, the basis of value—the tax is imposed on the corporate franchise and not upon property.
Upon the return tó a writ of certiorari, issued to review an assessment, made by . the Comptroller, of a tax upon a corporation, it appeared that the relator was a domestic corporation, operating a railroad and ferries, and' having a capital stock of §500,000 divided into shares of §100 each, all of which had been paid in;’ that there were two mortgages xipon its property and, subject to these, ■income bonds to the amount of §4,500,000 had been issued which were a lien prior to the stock. In. the fiscal year prior to November, 1894, the year in question, the.crirporation had earned a net sum of §57,000 which it had applied to the payment of interest which had accumulated on a floating debt. All the stock of the company as well as its bonds had been used in constructing its road, and .no dividend had ever been declared on its stock and no interest or ■ dividend had been declared or paid on the income bonds because the earnings did not warrant it.
The return of the Comptroller' did not state the facts upon which he based his valuation of the stock at its par value.
Held, that the return of the Comptroller should show the whole case so that the . court might determine whether the action of the Comptroller was erroneous . or illegal and, if it were, that the court itself might make the proper determination;
That'úpon the facts of this case the determination of the'Comptroller, upon the question of valuation, was clearly erroneous and that the valuation should be put, at the sum of §5ff;000;
That the amount of the tax to be levied upon a corporation was dependent upon its business prosperity, as evidenced by its capacity to declare dividends, and was not dependent upon the value of the corporate property;
That the tax was imposed upon the corporate franchise.
Certiorari issued out of the Supreme Court and attested on the 24th day of April, 1895, directed to James A. Roberts, as Comptroller of the State of New York, commanding him to certify and return to the office of the clerk of the county of Albany all his acts and proceedings relative to an assessment of the relator, with all the papers, documents and records before him pertaining to such assessment, and also a statement of such facts as maybe pertinent and material to establish the legality or illegality of the assessment made by the Comptroller in the imposition of a tax on the relator, under the provisions of chapter 542 of the Laws of 1880, and the acts amendatory and supplemental thereto, together with all evidence, accounts, papers and records before him pertaining to an application for a revision and resettlement thereof.
Tracy, Boardman & Platt, for the relator.
T. E. Hancock, Attorney-General, and G. D. B. Hasbrouck, for the respondent.

Opinion:
Merwin., J.:
The relator is a domestic corporation, operating and managing a railroad and certain ferries connected therewith. It was organized in 1880, and commenced business in 1884. It was within the classes of corporations taxable under the provisions of chapter 542 of the Laws of 1880, and the acts amendatory thereof. In ¡November, 1894, in pursuance of' the provisions of section 1 of the act, it made a report to the Comptroller, stating, among other things, that the amount of its capital stock was $500,000, in shares of $100 each, all of which had been paid in; that no dividends had been declared; that' the highest and lowest price of sales of stock-during •the year was ten dollars per share. To this report there was attached, in pursuance also of the requirements of the act, a verified estimate and appraisal, made by the treasurer and secretary of the company, of the actual value in cash of the stock, at the sum of $50,000. The Comptroller was not satisfied with this valuation and thereupon made a valuation at the sum of $100 a share and fixed the amount of the tax on that basis under the provisions of section 3 of the act. In the return of the Comptroller it is not stated upon what facts the Comptroller based his valuation of the stock at par value. Thereafter the relator made application for revision and readjustment, under the provisions' of section 19 of the act as amended by chapter 463 of the Laws of 1889.. A hearing was had and evidence was taken, but the Comptroller declined to change the valuation. Thereupon the relator, under the authority of section 20 of the act as amended, obtained the writ of certiorari which, with the return thereto, is now before us.
By section 20, above referred to, it is provided that the action of the Comptroller upon any application for a revision and resettlement may be reviewed both upon the law and the facts, and that " for that purpose the Comptroller shall return to such certiorari the accounts and all the evidence submitted to him on such application, and, if the original or resettled accounts shall be found erroneous or' illegal by that court either in point of law or of fact, the said accounts shall be there corrected and restated by the said Supreme Court." This seems to contemplate that the whole case upon which the Comptroller acted shall appear by the return, .so that the court may determine whether in any respect the action of the Comptroller was. erroneous or illegal, and if so, may itself make the proper determination. The question then here is whether upon 'the case presented by the return the action of the Comptroller in fixing the valuation of the stock of the relator at its par value, is in aiiy respect.erroneous or illegal. It seems to be settled that- the determination of the Comptroller on the question of valuation must stand unless clearly shown to have been erroneous. (People ex rel. W. E. Co. v. Campbell, 145 N. Y. 591.)
It is apparent from the evidence that there were no sales of stock or market value upon which a valuation- could be properly made. The intrinsic value was, therefore, to be considered. There were two mortgages upon the property of the company, and subject to those there had been issued income bonds to the amount' of $4,500,0.00, which were a lien prior to the stock. Substantially all of the stock of the company, as well as its bonds, had been used in constructing its road which included a tunnel and a drawbridge. No dividend had ever been declared on the stock,, and no interest had ever been paid or dividend declared on the income bonds, for the reason, as the secretary of the company testified, that the earnings of the company had never been such as to warrant it. It was shown that for the last fiscal year of the company prior to November, 1894, «the net earnings -after the payment of the interest on- the first and second mortgages; rentals and taxes, was about the sum of $57,000. This was applied in reduction of an - accumulation of interest on a floating debt that had existed for some years.
On the part of the defendant it is argued that prospectively the franchise of the company is valuable, and that during the year ending November 1,1894, it had reduced its indebtedness over $50,000, or ten per cent of its capitalization, and that these facts furnished a good basis for the valuation of the Comptroller.
Under the statute the present value of the stock, not the prospective, is to be determined." The reduction of the indebtedness of the company was only by the application of the surplus of $57,000, in the manner above stated. In arriving at this surplus, no account was made of or provision made for any dividend of interest on the income bonds which liad priority to the stock. The fact of this priority was a very material element in ascertaining the value of the stock, and having this in view it is very difficult to see how the stock "could be valued at par or at any higher rate than the value placed on it by the company in its report. From the evidence in the case we have not, I think, any right to assume that the income bonds are not a genuine liability of the company. If that be so, it is quite apparent that the capacity of the company to declare dividends on the stock is: very limited. In The People v. The Home Ins. Co. (92 N. Y. 328, 344) it was said, concerning the tax levied on corporations under the act referred to : " The amount of the tax is dependent upon their business prosperity, as evidenced by their capacity to declare dividends instead of upon the value of the corporate property." The same view seems to have been accepted in People ex rel. A. C. & D. Co. v. Wemple (129 N. Y. 564). The tax, when imposed on a domestic corporation, is a tax upon its corporate franchises. (The People ex rel. P. R. R. Co. v. Wemple, 138 N. Y. 1.)
As the present case stands, it seems to me to be very clear that the valuation of the stock at its par value is erroneous. If that be so, we are then under the statute called upon to fix the proper amount. The evidence does not, I think, warrant a larger amount than that stated by the company in its report. .
All concurred, except Herrioic, J., not sitting.
. Determination of the Comptroller modified by reducing the valuation to the sum of $50,000, and reducing the tax accordingly, with fifty dollars costs and disbursements to the relator.